Emergency break reports the session age; a break without a session row is Info

The agent measured the session age at its 48 h break but never sent it.
AgentErrorReport now carries SessionAgeHours (optional, null for older
agents), and the backend puts it into the ops details, the timeline data and
the App Insights dimension. It is information only: the backend cannot derive
it (no row, or a row registered seconds before the break after a hibernate
resume), and it never feeds the severity.

The backend now reads the Sessions row once for the owner binding and the
break verdict. A report for a session without a row (in practice one that
never registered) is Info and writes no timeline event and no EventType index
row: nothing can close or open that session, and the orphan sweep deleted the
event a day later with a Warning of its own. A row under cascade delete gets
nothing written past the lock. Terminal stays Info with lateCleanup; an open
status or a failed read stays Warning with the historical write. Break
materialization now requires GUID ids.

Co-Authored-By: Claude Opus 5.5 (1M context) <noreply@anthropic.com>

.claude/CLAUDE.md

@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@
 - Stage explicit file lists; never `git add -A` or a directory. Pushing is the user's call.
 - New API responses need a typed DTO plus the parity fact. MCP vocabularies are generated from the wire types, never retyped.
 - Every route belongs in the route policy catalog; every new event type goes into the MCP resource catalog.
+- Workflow files under `.github/` go through zizmor before they are committed (`zizmor .` from the repository root, findings from severity low on): fix every finding or ignore it in `zizmor.yml` with a reason. The `zizmor` job in `action-pins.yml` runs the same check on every push.
 - The about, terms and privacy pages under `src/Web/autopilot-monitor-web/app/` state facts customers rely on: verify every claim against the code before writing it and update them in the same change as the fact they describe.
 
 ## Code Quality

.github/codeql/codeql-config.yml

@@ -1,8 +1,8 @@
 # CodeQL configuration.
 #
-# The default query suites stay active — this file only filters out two C# queries
-# that fire structurally on this codebase, where the flagged behavior is the feature,
-# not a defect:
+# The default query suites stay active — this file only filters out queries that
+# fire structurally on this codebase, where the flagged behavior is the feature
+# or the protection exists in a form the query cannot see:
 #
 #   cs/exposure-of-sensitive-information
 #     Audit and operational logs record WHO performed an action (actor UPN / email)
@@ -15,10 +15,20 @@
 #     key. The IP is an identifier for throttling, not a secret at rest; storing it in
 #     the in-memory / table rate-limit key is by design.
 #
+#   js/missing-rate-limiting
+#     Only the MCP server has Express routes. Every one that does work is throttled by
+#     our own limiters (oauthRateLimit / oauthTokenRateLimit on /oauth/*, accessGuard
+#     on /mcp); /health and the OAuth discovery documents return static JSON.
+#     The query only recognizes limiters from npm packages (express-rate-limit and
+#     similar) and flags a route handler as soon as it calls a function named
+#     like *auth*, *login* or *verify*. So it reports throttled and unthrottled
+#     routes the same way, and every alert it ever raised was a false positive. The
+#     coverage check it stood in for is a test: every OAuth router route must carry
+#     a limiter or be named as exempt (MCP oauth-rate-limit.test.ts).
+#
 # Genuine one-off false positives from OTHER queries (e.g. an open-redirect the taint
-# model can't see is allow-listed, a rate-limited route it doesn't recognize) are
-# dismissed individually in the Security tab so those queries stay sharp — they are
-# NOT suppressed here.
+# model can't see is allow-listed) are dismissed individually in the Security tab so
+# those queries stay sharp — they are NOT suppressed here.
 #
 # Log-injection (cs/log-forging) is deliberately NOT filtered: user-controlled values
 # are sanitized at the sink via Helpers/LogSanitizer, so the query stays useful for
@@ -29,3 +39,5 @@ query-filters:
       id: cs/exposure-of-sensitive-information
   - exclude:
       id: cs/cleartext-storage-of-sensitive-information
+  - exclude:
+      id: js/missing-rate-limiting

.github/dependabot.yml

@@ -1,5 +1,9 @@
 version: 2
 
+# Cooldown: a version is proposed only once it has been public for 7 days, so a
+# release that is yanked or found malicious within its first week never reaches a
+# PR. Security updates are exempt from the cooldown by Dependabot's own rules.
+#
 # Grouping: every ecosystem gets one batched PR for minor/patch version
 # updates and one batched PR for security updates. Groups apply to version
 # updates only by default, so the security-updates groups are declared
@@ -10,6 +14,8 @@ updates:
     directory: /
     schedule:
       interval: weekly
+    cooldown:
+      default-days: 7
     open-pull-requests-limit: 5
     groups:
       dotnet:
@@ -23,6 +29,8 @@ updates:
     directory: /src/Web/autopilot-monitor-web
     schedule:
       interval: weekly
+    cooldown:
+      default-days: 7
     open-pull-requests-limit: 5
     groups:
       web:
@@ -41,6 +49,8 @@ updates:
     directory: /src/McpServer/autopilot-monitor-mcp
     schedule:
       interval: weekly
+    cooldown:
+      default-days: 7
     open-pull-requests-limit: 5
     groups:
       mcp:
@@ -55,10 +65,32 @@ updates:
       - dependency-name: '*'
         update-types: ['version-update:semver-major']
 
+  # Validator tooling for rules/ (ajv-cli); combine-rules.yml installs it from this
+  # lockfile with contents:write in hand, so the pins must not go stale.
+  - package-ecosystem: npm
+    directory: /rules/scripts
+    schedule:
+      interval: weekly
+    cooldown:
+      default-days: 7
+    open-pull-requests-limit: 5
+    groups:
+      rules-tooling:
+        patterns: ['*']
+      rules-tooling-security:
+        applies-to: security-updates
+        patterns: ['*']
+
+  # Every action is referenced by commit SHA with the version in a trailing comment;
+  # action-pins.yml fails any workflow change that reintroduces a mutable tag. Dependabot
+  # is what keeps those pins current: it rewrites the SHA and the comment together, so the
+  # pins are reviewed in a PR instead of drifting silently or being bumped by hand.
   - package-ecosystem: github-actions
     directory: /
     schedule:
       interval: monthly
+    cooldown:
+      default-days: 7
     groups:
       actions:
         patterns: ['*']

.github/scripts/Get-StorageAuthHeaders.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Returns the request headers that authorize an Azure Storage REST call with Microsoft Entra.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    One place for the storage OAuth contract shared by every publisher in this repo -- the
+    agent ZIP and MSI, the customer bootstrap scripts, the version manifests and the build
+    counters. Resource id, the az invocation, the service version and the failure message
+    live here so they cannot drift between call sites.
+
+    Identity comes from whatever `az login` established: the federated GitHub OIDC principal
+    in CI (azure/login, subject repo:okieselbach/AutopilotMonitor:ref:refs/heads/main), the
+    operator's own account for the local build. No secret is read, stored or passed around.
+
+    x-ms-version is MANDATORY here, not decoration: Entra-authorized requests are rejected
+    below 2017-11-09, and Table requests without a SAS must carry the header at all. 2021-08-06
+    is old enough to be deployed in every region and new enough for everything we send.
+
+    Callers merge the result into their own headers -- `$auth + @{ ... }` yields a new
+    hashtable per request, so nothing is shared across uploads:
+
+        $auth = & "$PSScriptRoot/Get-StorageAuthHeaders.ps1"
+        Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $url -Method Put -Headers ($auth + @{ 'x-ms-blob-type' = 'BlockBlob' }) -Body $bytes
+
+    Acquire once per step and reuse: every call shells out to az (~1s) and the token is valid
+    for the lifetime of a job.
+
+.OUTPUTS
+    [hashtable] Authorization + x-ms-version.
+#>
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param()
+
+$ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+
+# The data-plane resource, not management.azure.com -- a management token is accepted by
+# neither the blob nor the table endpoint.
+$token = az account get-access-token --resource https://storage.azure.com --query accessToken -o tsv 2>$null
+
+if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -or [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($token)) {
+    throw ('Could not acquire an Azure Storage token. In CI this means the azure/login step ' +
+           'is missing or its federated credential does not cover this ref; locally, run ' +
+           '`az login`. A token alone is not enough: the principal also needs Storage Blob ' +
+           'Data Contributor on the container it writes, and Storage Table Data Contributor ' +
+           'on the table -- a missing role shows up later as HTTP 403 AuthorizationPermissionMismatch.')
+}
+
+return @{
+    'Authorization' = "Bearer $token"
+    'x-ms-version'  = '2021-08-06'
+}

.github/scripts/Publish-BootstrapScripts.ps1

@@ -12,52 +12,78 @@
                                 lands a consistent set (ZIP + manifest + scripts).
 
     Both callers run the same code. The scripts on the download alias are the live
-    copy the WDP bootstrap MSI (Invoke-BootstrapDownload.ps1) downloads on every
-    enrolling device, so "current" is a correctness property, not cosmetics.
+    copy the stage-1 loader downloads on every enrolling device, whether it came from
+    Intune or from the bootstrap MSI, so "current" is a correctness property, not
+    cosmetics.
 
     Steps, in order:
-      1. Parse $ScriptVersion from the bootstrap source.
-      2. Render the -Dev variant by literal substitution of the two URL/manifest
+      1. Parse $ScriptVersion from the loader and the bootstrap source.
+      2. Render the -Dev variants by literal substitution of the URL/manifest
          defaults. A missing anchor is a hard failure -- a silently un-substituted
          dev script would point the dev fleet at the stable agent.
-      3. Version-bump guard: if the published bootstrap differs from the source
-         but carries the same $ScriptVersion, abort. Otherwise the docs badge,
+      3. Version-bump guard: if a published script differs from its source but
+         carries the same $ScriptVersion, abort. Otherwise the docs badge,
          version.json.bootstrapVersion and the portal's "your script is outdated"
          hint would all keep asserting a version that is no longer what ships.
-      4. Upload every script blob with Cache-Control: no-cache (they rotate in
+      4. Build the publish set (loader, bootstrap, both dev renders, the extras).
+      5. Authenticode-sign every script (see -SigningToken). Signing is the LAST
+         transformation: it covers the exact CRLF/UTF-8 bytes that get uploaded,
+         and nothing may touch them afterwards or the signature breaks.
+      6. Upload every script blob with Cache-Control: no-cache (they rotate in
          place), mirrored fail-soft to the legacy account.
-      5. Reconcile the two version oracles: version.json.bootstrapVersion
-         (read-modify-write under If-Match, so a concurrent agent release cannot
-         lose its agent fields) and AdminConfiguration.LatestBootstrapV2ScriptVersion.
-      6. Verify through the alias -- re-download each blob and compare SHA-256.
+      7. Reconcile the version oracles: version.json.bootstrapVersion and
+         .loaderVersion (read-modify-write under If-Match, so a concurrent agent
+         release cannot lose its agent fields) and
+         AdminConfiguration.LatestBootstrapV2ScriptVersion.
+      8. Verify through the alias -- re-download each blob and compare SHA-256.
 
-.PARAMETER SasToken
-    Container SAS for the eu storage account with write permission. Leading '?' tolerated.
+    Comparisons against a published script always strip its signature block first
+    (Get-ComparableText). A signature carries a timestamp, so signed bytes differ on
+    every run; without stripping, the bump guard and the drift check would report a
+    change for every unchanged script.
 
 .PARAMETER LegacySasToken
     Container SAS for the legacy account. Optional -- a mirror failure warns, never fails.
-
-.PARAMETER TableSasToken
-    Table SAS for AdminConfiguration. Optional -- omitted or 'XXX' skips the oracle update.
+    The legacy account lives in a different tenant, so the ambient Entra identity cannot
+    reach it; this is the only credential the publisher still takes.
 
 .PARAMETER RepoRoot
     Repository root. Defaults to the parent of .github/scripts.
 
 .PARAMETER DryRun
-    Run every check and render, upload nothing.
+    Run every check and render, upload nothing. A dry run signs when a token is supplied
+    and skips signing when it is not: the PR gate runs this without any Azure login.
+
+.PARAMETER SigningToken
+    Azure Key Vault access token for AzureSignTool. MANDATORY for a real publish -- an
+    unsigned customer script is not something this repo publishes. Together with
+    -KeyVaultUrl and -CertificateName.
+
+.PARAMETER ExpectedPublisher
+    Optional -like pattern the signer subject must match after signing. Pins the publisher
+    instead of accepting any trusted signature; the loader on the device pins the same way.
+
+.PARAMETER SignedOutputDir
+    Optional directory that receives a copy of every published file exactly as uploaded.
+    Used by CI to offer the signed scripts as a build artifact for local inspection.
 
 .EXAMPLE
     ./Publish-BootstrapScripts.ps1 -DryRun
 
 .EXAMPLE
-    ./Publish-BootstrapScripts.ps1 -SasToken $env:SAS -TableSasToken $env:TABLE_SAS
+    ./Publish-BootstrapScripts.ps1 -LegacySasToken $env:LEGACY_SAS -SigningToken $env:AKV_TOKEN `
+        -KeyVaultUrl $env:KV_URL -CertificateName $env:CERT
 #>
 [CmdletBinding()]
 param(
-    [string]$SasToken,
     [string]$LegacySasToken,
-    [string]$TableSasToken,
     [string]$RepoRoot,
+    [string]$SigningToken,
+    [string]$KeyVaultUrl,
+    [string]$CertificateName,
+    [string]$TimestampUrl = 'http://timestamp.acs.microsoft.com',
+    [string]$ExpectedPublisher,
+    [string]$SignedOutputDir,
     [switch]$DryRun
 )
 
@@ -66,9 +92,6 @@ $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
 if (-not $RepoRoot) {
     $RepoRoot = (Resolve-Path (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot '../..')).Path
 }
-if (-not $DryRun -and [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($SasToken)) {
-    throw 'SasToken is required unless -DryRun is used.'
-}
 
 $ContainerUrl       = 'https://autopilotmonitoreu.blob.core.windows.net/agent'
 $LegacyContainerUrl = 'https://autopilotmonitor.blob.core.windows.net/agent'
@@ -78,8 +101,23 @@ $TableUrl           = "https://autopilotmonitoreu.table.core.windows.net/AdminCo
 $BootstrapSource   = Join-Path $RepoRoot 'scripts/Bootstrap/Install-AutopilotMonitor.ps1'
 $BootstrapBlob     = 'Install-AutopilotMonitor.ps1'
 $DevBlob           = 'Install-AutopilotMonitor-Dev.ps1'
+# Stage 1. Assigned in Intune once, and embedded in the bootstrap MSI; it downloads the
+# bootstrap above on every device and verifies its publisher before running it.
+$LoaderSource      = Join-Path $RepoRoot 'scripts/Bootstrap/Start-AutopilotMonitor.ps1'
+$LoaderBlob        = 'Start-AutopilotMonitor.ps1'
+$LoaderDevBlob     = 'Start-AutopilotMonitor-Dev.ps1'
 $ScriptContentType = 'text/plain; charset=utf-8'
 
+$SigningEnabled = -not [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($SigningToken)
+if (-not $DryRun -and -not $SigningEnabled) {
+    throw ('Publishing requires -SigningToken (plus -KeyVaultUrl and -CertificateName): the ' +
+           'loader on every device verifies the publisher of what it downloads, so an unsigned ' +
+           'script would be rejected in the field. Only -DryRun may run without signing.')
+}
+if ($SigningEnabled -and ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($KeyVaultUrl) -or [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($CertificateName))) {
+    throw '-SigningToken needs -KeyVaultUrl and -CertificateName.'
+}
+
 function Get-HttpStatus {
     param($ErrorRecord)
     if ($ErrorRecord.Exception.PSObject.Properties['Response'] -and $ErrorRecord.Exception.Response) {
@@ -125,6 +163,132 @@ function Get-PublishBytes {
     return ,(New-Object System.Text.UTF8Encoding $false).GetBytes($normalised)
 }
 
+# A PowerShell signature is appended as a comment block at the end of the file, so the
+# published bytes are "source + signature". Everything that compares a published script to
+# its source has to cut that block off first -- the signature carries a timestamp and is
+# therefore different on every publish, while the script above it is unchanged.
+function Remove-SignatureBlock {
+    param([string]$Text)
+    $marker = '# SIG # Begin signature block'
+    $index = $Text.IndexOf($marker)
+    if ($index -lt 0) { return $Text }
+    return $Text.Substring(0, $index)
+}
+
+# Comparison form: no signature, LF, no trailing blank lines. Used for "is the published
+# copy still this source" -- never for what gets uploaded.
+function Get-ComparableText {
+    param([string]$Text)
+    return (Remove-SignatureBlock $Text).Replace("`r`n", "`n").TrimEnd("`n")
+}
+
+# Signs the publish set in place: each item's bytes are written to a work directory, signed
+# there, verified, and read back as the bytes that will be uploaded. Signing has to be the
+# last transformation -- the signature covers exactly these bytes, so nothing may normalise
+# or re-encode them afterwards.
+function Set-PublishSetSignature {
+    param([object[]]$Items, [string]$WorkDir)
+
+    if (-not (Get-Command azuresigntool -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue)) {
+        throw "azuresigntool is not on PATH. Install it with: dotnet tool install --global AzureSignTool --version 7.0.1"
+    }
+
+    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $WorkDir | Out-Null
+
+    $paths = @()
+    foreach ($item in $Items) {
+        $path = Join-Path $WorkDir $item.BlobName
+        [System.IO.File]::WriteAllBytes($path, [byte[]]$item.Bytes)
+        $paths += $path
+    }
+
+    Write-Host "Signing $($paths.Count) script(s) with certificate '$CertificateName'..."
+    & azuresigntool.exe sign --verbose `
+        --azure-key-vault-url $KeyVaultUrl `
+        --azure-key-vault-accesstoken $SigningToken `
+        --azure-key-vault-certificate $CertificateName `
+        --timestamp-rfc3161 $TimestampUrl `
+        --file-digest sha256 `
+        --description 'Autopilot Monitor bootstrap' `
+        --description-url 'https://www.autopilotmonitor.com' `
+        $paths
+
+    # Native tool: PowerShell does not throw on a non-zero exit, and an unnoticed signing
+    # failure would publish unsigned scripts that every loader in the field then rejects.
+    if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
+        throw "azuresigntool failed with exit code $LASTEXITCODE -- nothing was uploaded."
+    }
+
+    foreach ($item in $Items) {
+        $path = Join-Path $WorkDir $item.BlobName
+        $sig = Get-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath $path
+        if ($sig.Status -ne 'Valid') {
+            throw "Signature on $($item.BlobName) is '$($sig.Status)', expected 'Valid'."
+        }
+        # Without a timestamp the signature dies with the certificate, and these scripts sit
+        # on customer devices far longer than a certificate lifetime.
+        if (-not $sig.TimeStamperCertificate) {
+            throw "Signature on $($item.BlobName) carries no timestamp."
+        }
+        if ($ExpectedPublisher -and $sig.SignerCertificate.Subject -notlike $ExpectedPublisher) {
+            throw "$($item.BlobName) was signed by '$($sig.SignerCertificate.Subject)', expected '$ExpectedPublisher'."
+        }
+        # Plain assignment, NO comma operator: the ',' elsewhere in this file exists because
+        # PowerShell unrolls an array RETURNED from a function, which is not what a property
+        # assignment does -- here it would wrap the byte[] in an Object[] of length 1 and the
+        # upload would fail converting it back.
+        $signedBytes = [System.IO.File]::ReadAllBytes($path)
+        if ($signedBytes.Length -le $item.Bytes.Length) {
+            throw ("Signed $($item.BlobName) is $($signedBytes.Length) bytes but the unsigned form " +
+                   "was $($item.Bytes.Length) -- a signature only ever adds bytes, so this is a " +
+                   'read-back bug, not a signing result.')
+        }
+        $item.Bytes = $signedBytes
+        Write-Host "  signed $($item.BlobName) ($($signedBytes.Length) bytes, signer $($sig.SignerCertificate.Subject.Split(',')[0]))"
+    }
+}
+
+# Aborts when a published script changed behaviour without a version bump. Consumers act on
+# the version (docs badge, version.json, the portal's outdated-script hint), so an unchanged
+# version has to mean unchanged behaviour.
+function Assert-VersionBump {
+    param(
+        [string]$BlobName,
+        [string]$SourceContent,
+        [string]$SourceOrigin,
+        [string]$SourceVersion
+    )
+
+    $publishedBytes = Get-PublishedBytes "$AliasUrl/$BlobName"
+    if ($null -eq $publishedBytes) {
+        Write-Host "No published $BlobName yet -- version-bump guard skipped (first publish)"
+        return
+    }
+
+    $publishedText = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetString($publishedBytes)
+    if ((Get-ComparableText $publishedText) -eq (Get-ComparableText $SourceContent)) {
+        Write-Host "Published $BlobName is already this source (signature block aside)"
+        return
+    }
+
+    $publishedVersion = Get-BootstrapScriptVersion -Content $publishedText -Origin "$AliasUrl/$BlobName" -Optional
+
+    if ($null -eq $publishedVersion) {
+        Write-Host "::warning::The published $BlobName is not a readable script (no ScriptVersion found). Republishing over it."
+    } elseif ($publishedVersion -ne $SourceVersion) {
+        Write-Host "Version bump: $publishedVersion -> $SourceVersion ($BlobName)"
+    } elseif ((Get-CodeFingerprint -Text (Remove-SignatureBlock $publishedText) -Origin "$AliasUrl/$BlobName") -eq
+              (Get-CodeFingerprint -Text $SourceContent -Origin $SourceOrigin)) {
+        # Comments, typos in comments, reflow -- nothing a consumer of the version can act on.
+        Write-Host "::warning::$BlobName changed in comments or formatting only; publishing under the unchanged version $SourceVersion."
+    } else {
+        throw ("Version-bump guard: $BlobName changed behaviour but ScriptVersion is still $SourceVersion. " +
+               "Bump it in $SourceOrigin -- the docs badge, version.json and the " +
+               'portal outdated-script hint all read that value, and customers decide from it whether ' +
+               'to re-upload their Intune copy. Comment-only and formatting changes do not need a bump.')
+    }
+}
+
 function Get-BootstrapScriptVersion {
     param([string]$Content, [string]$Origin, [switch]$Optional)
     if ($Content -match '\$ScriptVersion\s*=\s*"([\d\.\-a-zA-Z]+)"') { return $Matches[1] }
@@ -152,12 +316,16 @@ function Get-CodeFingerprint {
     return (($tokens | Where-Object { $ignored -notcontains $_.Kind.ToString() } | ForEach-Object { $_.Text }) -join "`n")
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. source
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ 1. sources
 $sourceContent = Get-Content $BootstrapSource -Raw
 $sourceBytes   = Get-PublishBytes $sourceContent
 $scriptVersion = Get-BootstrapScriptVersion -Content $sourceContent -Origin $BootstrapSource
 Write-Host "Bootstrap script version: $scriptVersion"
 
+$loaderContent = Get-Content $LoaderSource -Raw
+$loaderVersion = Get-BootstrapScriptVersion -Content $loaderContent -Origin $LoaderSource
+Write-Host "Loader script version: $loaderVersion"
+
 # ------------------------------------------------------------------ 2. dev render
 $stableUrlLiteral = '$AgentDownloadUrl = "https://download.autopilotmonitor.com/agent/AutopilotMonitor-Agent.zip"'
 $devUrlLiteral    = '$AgentDownloadUrl = "https://download.autopilotmonitor.com/agent/AutopilotMonitor-Agent-dev.zip"'
@@ -170,33 +338,21 @@ if ($sourceContent.IndexOf($stableUrlLiteral) -lt 0 -or $sourceContent.IndexOf($
 $devContent = $sourceContent.Replace($stableUrlLiteral, $devUrlLiteral).Replace($stableManLiteral, $devManLiteral)
 Write-Host "Rendered $DevBlob (dev agent URL + version-dev.json)"
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. bump guard
-$publishedBytes = Get-PublishedBytes "$AliasUrl/$BootstrapBlob"
-if ($null -eq $publishedBytes) {
-    Write-Host 'No published bootstrap yet -- version-bump guard skipped (first publish)'
-} elseif ((Get-Sha256 $publishedBytes) -eq (Get-Sha256 $sourceBytes)) {
-    Write-Host 'Published bootstrap is already byte-identical to the source'
-} else {
-    $publishedText    = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetString($publishedBytes)
-    $publishedVersion = Get-BootstrapScriptVersion -Content $publishedText -Origin "$AliasUrl/$BootstrapBlob" -Optional
+# The dev loader must fetch the dev bootstrap, or a dev device would run the stable chain.
+$stableLoaderLiteral = '$BootstrapUrl = "https://download.autopilotmonitor.com/agent/Install-AutopilotMonitor.ps1"'
+$devLoaderLiteral    = '$BootstrapUrl = "https://download.autopilotmonitor.com/agent/Install-AutopilotMonitor-Dev.ps1"'
 
-    if ($null -eq $publishedVersion) {
-        Write-Host "::warning::The published $BootstrapBlob is not a readable bootstrap script (no ScriptVersion found). Republishing over it."
-    } elseif ($publishedVersion -ne $scriptVersion) {
-        Write-Host "Version bump: $publishedVersion -> $scriptVersion"
-    } elseif ((Get-CodeFingerprint -Text $publishedText -Origin "$AliasUrl/$BootstrapBlob") -eq
-              (Get-CodeFingerprint -Text $sourceContent -Origin $BootstrapSource)) {
-        # Comments, typos in comments, reflow -- nothing a consumer of the version can act on.
-        Write-Host "::warning::$BootstrapBlob changed in comments or formatting only; publishing under the unchanged version $scriptVersion."
-    } else {
-        throw ("Version-bump guard: $BootstrapBlob changed behaviour but ScriptVersion is still $scriptVersion. " +
-               "Bump it in $BootstrapSource -- the docs badge, version.json.bootstrapVersion and the " +
-               'portal outdated-script hint all read that value, and customers decide from it whether ' +
-               'to re-upload their Intune copy. Comment-only and formatting changes do not need a bump.')
-    }
+if ($loaderContent.IndexOf($stableLoaderLiteral) -lt 0) {
+    throw "Loader dev-render: anchor literal missing in $LoaderSource"
 }
+$devLoaderContent = $loaderContent.Replace($stableLoaderLiteral, $devLoaderLiteral)
+Write-Host "Rendered $LoaderDevBlob (points at $DevBlob)"
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. upload
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ 3. bump guards
+Assert-VersionBump -BlobName $BootstrapBlob -SourceContent $sourceContent -SourceOrigin $BootstrapSource -SourceVersion $scriptVersion
+Assert-VersionBump -BlobName $LoaderBlob    -SourceContent $loaderContent -SourceOrigin $LoaderSource    -SourceVersion $loaderVersion
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ 4. publish set
 # Sources beyond the bootstrap pair, read straight from the repo.
 $extraSources = @(
     @{ Path = 'scripts/Bootstrap/Test-ShouldBootstrapAgent.ps1';       BlobName = 'Test-ShouldBootstrapAgent.ps1' }
@@ -206,20 +362,38 @@ $extraSources = @(
 # Uninstall-AutopilotMonitor.ps1 is deliberately NOT published: nothing links it, and
 # an unauthenticated uninstall script on the public download host is not a feature.
 
+# Text is the unsigned publish form and stays the reference for every comparison against a
+# published copy; Bytes is what goes on the wire and carries the signature after step 4.
 $publishSet = [System.Collections.Generic.List[object]]::new()
-$publishSet.Add([pscustomobject]@{ BlobName = $BootstrapBlob; Bytes = $sourceBytes })
-$publishSet.Add([pscustomobject]@{ BlobName = $DevBlob;       Bytes = (Get-PublishBytes $devContent) })
+$publishSet.Add([pscustomobject]@{ BlobName = $LoaderBlob;    Text = $loaderContent;    Bytes = (Get-PublishBytes $loaderContent) })
+$publishSet.Add([pscustomobject]@{ BlobName = $LoaderDevBlob; Text = $devLoaderContent; Bytes = (Get-PublishBytes $devLoaderContent) })
+$publishSet.Add([pscustomobject]@{ BlobName = $BootstrapBlob; Text = $sourceContent;    Bytes = $sourceBytes })
+$publishSet.Add([pscustomobject]@{ BlobName = $DevBlob;       Text = $devContent;       Bytes = (Get-PublishBytes $devContent) })
 foreach ($extra in $extraSources) {
     $extraPath = Join-Path $RepoRoot $extra.Path
     if (-not (Test-Path $extraPath)) {
         throw "Publish source missing: $extraPath"
     }
-    $publishSet.Add([pscustomobject]@{ BlobName = $extra.BlobName; Bytes = (Get-PublishBytes (Get-Content $extraPath -Raw)) })
+    $extraText = Get-Content $extraPath -Raw
+    $publishSet.Add([pscustomobject]@{ BlobName = $extra.BlobName; Text = $extraText; Bytes = (Get-PublishBytes $extraText) })
+}
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. sign
+# After this point the bytes are final. Normalising, re-encoding or rewriting a line ending
+# would invalidate the signature, and the device-side loader would refuse the script.
+if ($SigningEnabled) {
+    Set-PublishSetSignature -Items $publishSet -WorkDir (Join-Path ([System.IO.Path]::GetTempPath()) "apm-publish-$PID")
+} else {
+    Write-Host '::warning::No signing token supplied -- dry run continues with unsigned scripts.'
 }
 
 $legacySas = if ($LegacySasToken) { $LegacySasToken.TrimStart('?') } else { '' }
-$writeSas  = if ($SasToken) { $SasToken.TrimStart('?') } else { '' }
 
+# Acquired lazily: a dry run must stay runnable without any Azure login -- the PR gate
+# (bootstrap-script-gates.yml) executes this script with -DryRun and never logs in.
+$authHeaders = if ($DryRun) { $null } else { & (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot 'Get-StorageAuthHeaders.ps1') }
+
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. upload
 foreach ($item in $publishSet) {
     # Explicit type, not a convenience: an Object[] body is uploaded as space-separated
     # decimals rather than raw bytes, and every hash check still passes because [byte[]]
@@ -227,11 +401,21 @@ foreach ($item in $publishSet) {
     [byte[]]$bytes = $item.Bytes
     $item | Add-Member -NotePropertyName Sha256 -NotePropertyValue (Get-Sha256 $bytes) -Force
 
+    # Exactly the bytes that go on the wire, for the CI artifact. Written in a dry run too:
+    # that is the run an operator uses to inspect a signed script before it is published.
+    if ($SignedOutputDir) {
+        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $SignedOutputDir | Out-Null
+        [System.IO.File]::WriteAllBytes((Join-Path $SignedOutputDir $item.BlobName), $bytes)
+    }
+
     if ($DryRun) {
-        # Doubles as a drift check: says per blob whether the alias already serves this source.
+        # Doubles as a drift check: says per blob whether the alias already serves this
+        # source. Compared as text without the signature block -- signed bytes differ on
+        # every run, so a byte comparison would report drift for every unchanged script.
         $served = Get-PublishedBytes "$AliasUrl/$($item.BlobName)"
         $state = if ($null -eq $served) { 'MISSING on the alias' }
-                 elseif ((Get-Sha256 $served) -eq $item.Sha256) { 'already current' }
+                 elseif ((Get-ComparableText ([System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetString($served))) -eq
+                         (Get-ComparableText $item.Text)) { 'already current' }
                  else { 'STALE on the alias' }
         Write-Host "  [dry-run] $($item.BlobName) ($($bytes.Length) bytes, sha256 $($item.Sha256)) -- $state"
         continue
@@ -241,8 +425,18 @@ foreach ($item in $publishSet) {
     # with Front Door. Route caching is disabled there, but a stale script paired with a
     # fresh manifest would fail the bootstrap SHA check -- this keeps that class of bug
     # impossible even if caching is ever re-enabled.
-    $headers = @{ 'x-ms-blob-type' = 'BlockBlob'; 'Content-Type' = $ScriptContentType; 'x-ms-blob-cache-control' = 'no-cache' }
-    Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "$ContainerUrl/$($item.BlobName)?$writeSas" -Method Put -Headers $headers -Body $bytes | Out-Null
+    #
+    # Content-Disposition: without it a text/plain blob opens as a web page in every
+    # browser, and the documented "download the script" step silently becomes "copy this
+    # text". The header makes the link a download everywhere, and command-line clients
+    # (the loader, the MSI, curl) ignore it.
+    $headers = @{
+        'x-ms-blob-type'                = 'BlockBlob'
+        'Content-Type'                  = $ScriptContentType
+        'x-ms-blob-cache-control'       = 'no-cache'
+        'x-ms-blob-content-disposition' = ('attachment; filename="{0}"' -f $item.BlobName)
+    }
+    Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "$ContainerUrl/$($item.BlobName)" -Method Put -Headers ($authHeaders + $headers) -Body $bytes | Out-Null
 
     # Read straight back from the blob (authoritative, no CDN in the way) before touching the
     # mirror or the next file. The alias verification at the end would catch a bad body too,
@@ -266,7 +460,7 @@ foreach ($item in $publishSet) {
     }
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------ 5. version oracles
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ 7. version oracles
 # version.json is the agent manifest; only bootstrapVersion belongs to us. Read from the
 # blob (not the alias) for an authoritative ETag, write back under If-Match so a concurrent
 # agent release cannot lose its version/sha256 fields.
@@ -278,11 +472,15 @@ if (-not $DryRun) {
         } else { [string]$manifestResp.Content }
         $manifest = $manifestRaw | ConvertFrom-Json
 
-        if ($manifest.bootstrapVersion -eq $scriptVersion) {
-            Write-Host "version.json already reports bootstrapVersion $scriptVersion"
+        if ($manifest.bootstrapVersion -eq $scriptVersion -and $manifest.loaderVersion -eq $loaderVersion) {
+            Write-Host "version.json already reports bootstrapVersion $scriptVersion and loaderVersion $loaderVersion"
         } else {
             $etag = '"' + ([string]($manifestResp.Headers['ETag'] | Select-Object -First 1)).Trim('"') + '"'
             $manifest | Add-Member -NotePropertyName 'bootstrapVersion' -NotePropertyValue $scriptVersion -Force
+            # Additive: no consumer reads loaderVersion yet. It exists so support can tell
+            # which stage-1 file a device was assigned -- stage 2 is always current by
+            # construction, so its version says nothing about the customer's Intune copy.
+            $manifest | Add-Member -NotePropertyName 'loaderVersion' -NotePropertyValue $loaderVersion -Force
             $body = [System.Text.Encoding]::UTF8.GetBytes(($manifest | ConvertTo-Json -Compress))
             $manifestHeaders = @{
                 'x-ms-blob-type'          = 'BlockBlob'
@@ -290,8 +488,8 @@ if (-not $DryRun) {
                 'x-ms-blob-cache-control' = 'no-cache'
                 'If-Match'                = $etag
             }
-            Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "$ContainerUrl/version.json?$writeSas" -Method Put -Headers $manifestHeaders -Body $body | Out-Null
-            Write-Host "version.json bootstrapVersion -> $scriptVersion (agent fields untouched)"
+            Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "$ContainerUrl/version.json" -Method Put -Headers ($authHeaders + $manifestHeaders) -Body $body | Out-Null
+            Write-Host "version.json bootstrapVersion -> $scriptVersion, loaderVersion -> $loaderVersion (agent fields untouched)"
 
             if ($legacySas) {
                 try {
@@ -310,11 +508,8 @@ if (-not $DryRun) {
     }
 }
 
-$tableSas = if ($TableSasToken) { $TableSasToken.TrimStart('?') } else { '' }
 if ($DryRun) {
     Write-Host "  [dry-run] would set AdminConfiguration.LatestBootstrapV2ScriptVersion = $scriptVersion"
-} elseif ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($tableSas) -or $tableSas -eq 'XXX') {
-    Write-Host 'SKIPPED: AdminConfiguration update -- set AZURE_TABLE_ADMIN_SAS_TOKEN to enable the portal version oracle'
 } else {
     $tableHeaders = @{
         'Content-Type' = 'application/json'
@@ -322,11 +517,11 @@ if ($DryRun) {
         'If-Match'     = '*'
     }
     $tableBody = @{ LatestBootstrapV2ScriptVersion = $scriptVersion } | ConvertTo-Json
-    Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "$TableUrl`?$tableSas" -Method Merge -Headers $tableHeaders -Body $tableBody | Out-Null
+    Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $TableUrl -Method Merge -Headers ($authHeaders + $tableHeaders) -Body $tableBody | Out-Null
     Write-Host "AdminConfiguration.LatestBootstrapV2ScriptVersion = $scriptVersion"
 }
 
-# ------------------------------------------------------------------ 6. verify via alias
+# ------------------------------------------------------------------ 8. verify via alias
 if (-not $DryRun) {
     $pending = [System.Collections.ArrayList]::new()
     $publishSet | ForEach-Object { [void]$pending.Add($_) }
@@ -358,7 +553,8 @@ if ($env:GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY) {
     $summary = @(
         "### Bootstrap scripts: $mode",
         '',
-        "Bootstrap script version: **$scriptVersion**",
+        "Loader script version: **$loaderVersion** | Bootstrap script version: **$scriptVersion**",
+        "Signed: **$(if ($SigningEnabled) { "yes, certificate '$CertificateName'" } else { 'NO (unsigned dry run)' })**",
         ''
     ) + ($publishSet | ForEach-Object { "- $($_.BlobName) -- sha256 $($_.Sha256)" })
     ($summary -join [Environment]::NewLine) | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY -Append -Encoding utf8

.github/scripts/Request-BuildNumber.ps1

@@ -12,7 +12,8 @@
     A failed build burns a number, which is harmless -- uniqueness matters,
     density does not.
 
-    The blob is public-read; only the write needs the container SAS.
+    The blob is public-read; only the write needs authorization, and that comes from the
+    ambient Entra identity (see Get-StorageAuthHeaders.ps1) -- no secret is passed in.
 
     Why a counter and not the published version manifest: manifests are written
     on publish, not on build (the agent writes version.json only for stable
@@ -20,10 +21,7 @@
     overwrite each other's versioned artifact.
 
 .PARAMETER CounterUrl
-    Full URL of the counter blob, without SAS.
-
-.PARAMETER SasToken
-    Container SAS with create+write permission. A leading '?' is tolerated.
+    Full URL of the counter blob.
 
 .PARAMETER Override
     Explicit build number instead of counter+1. If it is not greater than the
@@ -37,20 +35,19 @@
     [int] the reserved build number. Progress goes to the host, not the pipeline.
 
 .EXAMPLE
-    $n = ./Request-BuildNumber.ps1 -CounterUrl $url -SasToken $sas
+    $n = ./Request-BuildNumber.ps1 -CounterUrl $url
 #>
 [CmdletBinding()]
 param(
     [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$CounterUrl,
-    [Parameter(Mandatory = $true)][string]$SasToken,
     [int]$Override = 0,
     [int]$MaxAttempts = 5
 )
 
 $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
 
-# Tolerate both secret formats ("sp=cw&..." and "?sp=cw&...").
-$writeUrl = $CounterUrl + '?' + $SasToken.TrimStart('?')
+# The write is Entra-authorized; the read below stays anonymous (public container).
+$authHeaders = & (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot 'Get-StorageAuthHeaders.ps1')
 
 function Get-HttpStatus {
     param($ErrorRecord)
@@ -85,8 +82,8 @@ for ($attempt = 1; $attempt -le $MaxAttempts; $attempt++) {
     $target = if ($Override -gt 0) { $Override } else { $counter.Value + 1 }
 
     try {
-        $headers = @{ 'x-ms-blob-type' = 'BlockBlob'; 'If-Match' = $counter.ETag }
-        Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $writeUrl -Method Put -Headers $headers -Body "$target" -ContentType 'text/plain' | Out-Null
+        $headers = $authHeaders + @{ 'x-ms-blob-type' = 'BlockBlob'; 'If-Match' = $counter.ETag }
+        Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $CounterUrl -Method Put -Headers $headers -Body "$target" -ContentType 'text/plain' | Out-Null
         Write-Host "  Reserved build number $target (CAS write ok, attempt $attempt)"
         return $target
     } catch {

.github/workflows/action-pins.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,103 @@
+name: Workflow gates
+
+# Two checks over the workflow files themselves:
+#   * verify-pins -- every third-party action is referenced by a full commit SHA plus a
+#                    version comment (stricter than zizmor's unpinned-uses audit).
+#   * zizmor      -- static analysis of every workflow (permissions, credential
+#                    persistence, template injection, ...). Configuration and the
+#                    reasoned ignores live in zizmor.yml at the repository root; the
+#                    same run is expected locally before a workflow change is committed.
+#
+# Every third-party action must be referenced by a full commit SHA, never by a tag.
+# Tags are mutable: whoever controls an action repository can repoint v4 at new code,
+# and that code runs inside jobs that hold the code-signing identity, the storage
+# credentials and a token that can push to main. A SHA is the only reference an
+# upstream owner cannot change under us.
+#
+# Lives in its own workflow rather than in ci.yml: CI deliberately ignores changes to
+# the other workflow files, so a guard placed there would stay silent for exactly the
+# commits it needs to inspect. Dependabot's action-pin PRs are the main customer: they
+# rewrite workflow files without anyone running zizmor locally.
+#
+# Like CI, this reports rather than blocks: main is deliberately unprotected, so a red
+# run is a signal to act on, not a merge barrier. Making it binding means adding
+# 'Verify action pins' as a required status check -- a branch-protection decision, not
+# something this file can assert.
+#
+# The pins are not maintained by hand — .github/dependabot.yml opens a monthly grouped
+# PR that rewrites both the SHA and the trailing version comment. The comment is
+# therefore required too: it is what makes a pinned line reviewable.
+
+on:
+  push:
+    branches: [main]
+    paths: ['.github/workflows/**', '.github/dependabot.yml', 'zizmor.yml']
+  pull_request:
+    branches: [main]
+    paths: ['.github/workflows/**', '.github/dependabot.yml', 'zizmor.yml']
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+jobs:
+  verify-pins:
+    name: Verify action pins
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Every third-party action is pinned to a SHA
+        run: |
+          set -uo pipefail
+          failed=0
+          while IFS=: read -r file line ref; do
+            # Reusable workflows from this repository (workspace-relative ./ or the
+            # self-repository form $/) move with the commit that calls them, so there is
+            # nothing to pin.
+            case "$ref" in ./*|\$/*) continue ;; esac
+
+            if [[ "$ref" =~ ^[^@]+@[0-9a-f]{40}[[:space:]]+#[[:space:]]*[^[:space:]] ]]; then
+              printf 'ok  %s:%s  %s\n' "$file" "$line" "$ref"
+              continue
+            fi
+
+            if [[ "$ref" =~ ^[^@]+@[0-9a-f]{40}[[:space:]]*$ ]]; then
+              echo "::error file=$file,line=$line::Pinned but the version comment is missing: '$ref'. Write 'owner/action@<sha> # vN' so the line stays reviewable."
+            else
+              echo "::error file=$file,line=$line::Action '$ref' is not pinned to a commit SHA. Tags are mutable -- resolve it with: gh api repos/<owner>/<action>/git/ref/tags/<tag>"
+            fi
+            failed=1
+          # -H is load-bearing: with a single matching file grep omits the name, the
+          # fields shift by one and every diagnostic points at nothing.
+          done < <(grep -nHE '^[[:space:]]*(-[[:space:]]+)?uses:' .github/workflows/*.yml \
+                   | sed -E 's/^([^:]+):([0-9]+):[[:space:]]*(-[[:space:]]+)?uses:[[:space:]]*/\1:\2:/')
+
+          if [ "$failed" -ne 0 ]; then
+            echo "::error::Unpinned action references found -- fix them before this reaches main."
+            exit 1
+          fi
+          echo "All action references are pinned to commit SHAs."
+
+  zizmor:
+    name: zizmor audit
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      security-events: write   # SARIF upload: findings land in the Code scanning tab next to CodeQL
+      actions: read
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      # zizmor itself is version-pinned like every other tool here; bump it together with
+      # the local install so the gate and the pre-commit run agree on the finding set.
+      # Informational findings (template expansion of our own step outputs in pwsh) are
+      # visible locally but do not fail the gate.
+      - uses: zizmorcore/zizmor-action@cc914d7f3750a2d13d75c7f184a1060aa0e9d482 # v0.6.4
+        with:
+          version: 1.30.1
+          min-severity: low

.github/workflows/bootstrap-script-gates.yml

@@ -18,7 +18,9 @@ jobs:
     name: Bootstrap guard tests (PS 5.1)
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Install Pester 5+
         shell: powershell

.github/workflows/build-agent.yml

@@ -57,6 +57,13 @@ env:
   VERSIONED_ZIP: AutopilotMonitor-Agent-v2.zip
   STABLE_ZIP: AutopilotMonitor-Agent.zip
   STABLE_MANIFEST: version.json
+  # Authenticode via Azure Key Vault; identity and vault come from repository variables.
+  # CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT is optional and pins the publisher in the verify step.
+  CODE_SIGN_CLIENT_ID: ${{ vars.CODE_SIGN_CLIENT_ID }}
+  CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME: ${{ vars.CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME }}
+  CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL: ${{ vars.CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL }}
+  CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT: ${{ vars.CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT }}
+  CODE_SIGN_TIMESTAMP_URL: http://timestamp.acs.microsoft.com
 
 jobs:
   build:
@@ -65,14 +72,68 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v7
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      # Every released build is signed; a missing variable stops the run before a build
+      # number is burnt.
+      - name: Check code-signing configuration
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          foreach ($name in 'CODE_SIGN_CLIENT_ID', 'CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME', 'CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL') {
+            if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace([Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable($name))) {
+              throw "Repository variable $name is not set. Every released build must be Authenticode-signed."
+            }
+          }
+          Write-Host "Code-signing configuration present (certificate '$env:CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME')"
+
+      # Logs in FIRST and only to fetch the Key Vault token: azure/login sets the default az
+      # account, so the storage login below has to be the last one. Both federated credentials
+      # are bound to the ref, so this job must never be given an `environment:` -- that would
+      # change the OIDC subject claim and break both logins.
+      - name: Login to Azure (code-signing identity)
+        uses: azure/login@a641126d1b8aa4d1fa005f4f92df94a3a4c4c906 # v3.1.0
+        with:
+          client-id: ${{ env.CODE_SIGN_CLIENT_ID }}
+          tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
+          allow-no-subscriptions: true
+
+      - name: Acquire Key Vault token for signing
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+          $token = az account get-access-token --scope https://vault.azure.net/.default --query accessToken --output tsv
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -or [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($token)) {
+            throw "Could not acquire a Key Vault token for the code-signing identity."
+          }
+          Write-Host "::add-mask::$token"
+          "CODE_SIGN_AKV_ACCESS_TOKEN=$token" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Encoding utf8 -Append
+
+      # Every storage write below (counter blob, agent ZIP, manifests, AdminConfiguration)
+      # is authorized by this federated identity -- no SAS secret. One login covers the whole
+      # job: the federated credential is bound to the ref, and a release run takes ~2 minutes,
+      # well inside the token lifetime. Only the legacy mirror still needs a SAS: that account
+      # lives in the pre-migration tenant, where this principal has no identity.
+      - name: Login to Azure (OIDC)
+        uses: azure/login@a641126d1b8aa4d1fa005f4f92df94a3a4c4c906 # v3.1.0
+        with:
+          client-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CLIENT_ID }}
+          tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
+          subscription-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
 
       # SDK 10 = single build toolchain (parity with local build.ps1 / global.json).
       - name: Setup .NET
-        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v6
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6
         with:
           dotnet-version: '10.0.x'
 
+      # Version pinned; roll-forward because the tool targets an older runtime than the SDK above.
+      - name: Install AzureSignTool
+        env:
+          DOTNET_ROLL_FORWARD: LatestMajor
+        run: dotnet tool install --no-cache --global AzureSignTool --version 7.0.1
+
       # Build numbers come from the shared counter blob -- one counter and one
       # implementation for CI and the local build (.github/scripts/Request-BuildNumber.ps1).
       # Reserve-before-build with ETag-CAS: concurrent builds can never mint the same
@@ -85,7 +146,6 @@ jobs:
         # build_number could otherwise break out of the quotes and run arbitrary code.
         env:
           BUILD_NUMBER_OVERRIDE: ${{ inputs.build_number }}
-          AGENT_SAS_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOB_AGENT_SAS_TOKEN }}
         run: |
           $override = 0
           if ($env:BUILD_NUMBER_OVERRIDE -ne '') {
@@ -96,7 +156,7 @@ jobs:
           }
 
           $counterUrl = "https://autopilotmonitoreu.blob.core.windows.net/agent/buildcounter-v$($env:LINE_MAJOR).txt"
-          $buildNumber = & ./.github/scripts/Request-BuildNumber.ps1 -CounterUrl $counterUrl -SasToken $env:AGENT_SAS_TOKEN -Override $override
+          $buildNumber = & ./.github/scripts/Request-BuildNumber.ps1 -CounterUrl $counterUrl -Override $override
 
           $csproj = Get-Content $env:CSPROJ_PATH -Raw
           if ($csproj -match '<VersionPrefix>(\d+\.\d+)</VersionPrefix>') {
@@ -129,6 +189,47 @@ jobs:
       - name: Run Agent unit tests
         run: dotnet test ${{ env.TEST_PROJECT }} --configuration Release --no-restore --verbosity quiet
 
+      # Authenticode over everything we author; third-party assemblies keep their own signature.
+      #
+      # THE POSITION IS LOAD-BEARING: signing rewrites the PE file, so it must run before the
+      # ZIP and every SHA-256 in the next step -- those hashes are the bootstrap's integrity
+      # oracle, and hashes taken before signing match no downloaded file.
+      #
+      # $LASTEXITCODE is checked explicitly: PowerShell does not throw on a native non-zero exit.
+      - name: Sign agent binaries (Authenticode)
+        shell: pwsh
+        env:
+          DOTNET_ROLL_FORWARD: LatestMajor
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+
+          $targets = @()
+          $targets += Get-ChildItem -Path "$env:AGENT_OUTPUT/*" -Include 'AutopilotMonitor.*.exe', 'AutopilotMonitor.*.dll' -File
+          $targets += Get-ChildItem -Path "$env:DIALOG_OUTPUT/AutopilotMonitor.SummaryDialog.exe" -File
+
+          if (-not ($targets | Where-Object Name -eq 'AutopilotMonitor.Agent.exe')) {
+            throw "AutopilotMonitor.Agent.exe not found in $env:AGENT_OUTPUT -- nothing to sign."
+          }
+          if (-not ($targets | Where-Object Name -eq 'AutopilotMonitor.SummaryDialog.exe')) {
+            throw "AutopilotMonitor.SummaryDialog.exe not found in $env:DIALOG_OUTPUT -- nothing to sign."
+          }
+
+          $targets | ForEach-Object { Write-Host "Signing $($_.Name)" }
+
+          & azuresigntool.exe sign --verbose `
+            --azure-key-vault-url "$env:CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL" `
+            --azure-key-vault-accesstoken "$env:CODE_SIGN_AKV_ACCESS_TOKEN" `
+            --azure-key-vault-certificate "$env:CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME" `
+            --timestamp-rfc3161 "$env:CODE_SIGN_TIMESTAMP_URL" `
+            --file-digest sha256 `
+            --description "Autopilot Monitor Agent" `
+            --description-url "https://www.autopilotmonitor.com" `
+            ($targets | ForEach-Object { $_.FullName })
+
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) {
+            throw "azuresigntool failed with exit code $LASTEXITCODE -- aborting before anything is published."
+          }
+
       - name: Create release artifact
         id: artifact
         shell: pwsh
@@ -219,12 +320,57 @@ jobs:
           "sha256=$sha256Hash" >> $env:GITHUB_OUTPUT
           "exe_sha256=$exeSha256Hash" >> $env:GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
+      # Verified against the STAGING copy -- the exact bytes that ship. The invariant is "every
+      # AutopilotMonitor PE in the ZIP is signed", so a project added later cannot ride along
+      # unsigned. A missing timestamp fails too: without it the signature dies with the cert.
+      - name: Verify Authenticode signatures
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+          $files = Get-ChildItem -Path "staging/agent/*" -Include 'AutopilotMonitor.*.exe', 'AutopilotMonitor.*.dll' -File
+          if ($files.Count -lt 2) {
+            throw "Expected signed binaries in staging/agent, found $($files.Count)."
+          }
+
+          $failed = $false
+          $thumbprints = @{}
+          foreach ($file in $files) {
+            $sig = Get-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath $file.FullName
+            if ($sig.Status -ne 'Valid') {
+              Write-Host "::error file=$($file.Name)::Signature status is '$($sig.Status)' -- expected 'Valid'."
+              $failed = $true
+              continue
+            }
+            if (-not $sig.TimeStamperCertificate) {
+              Write-Host "::error file=$($file.Name)::Signature carries no RFC-3161 timestamp -- it would expire with the certificate."
+              $failed = $true
+              continue
+            }
+            if (-not [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($env:CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT) -and
+                $sig.SignerCertificate.Subject -notlike $env:CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT) {
+              Write-Host "::error file=$($file.Name)::Signed by '$($sig.SignerCertificate.Subject)', expected '$env:CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT'."
+              $failed = $true
+              continue
+            }
+            $thumbprints[$sig.SignerCertificate.Thumbprint] = $true
+            Write-Host "$($file.Name): Valid, timestamped $($sig.TimeStamperCertificate.Subject.Split(',')[0]), signer $($sig.SignerCertificate.Subject)"
+          }
+
+          if ($thumbprints.Count -gt 1) {
+            Write-Host "::error::Staged binaries carry $($thumbprints.Count) different signing certificates -- expected exactly one."
+            $failed = $true
+          }
+          if ($failed) {
+            throw "Signature verification failed. Nothing was published."
+          }
+          Write-Host "All $($files.Count) binaries signed with certificate $($thumbprints.Keys -join ', ')"
+
       - name: Upload to Azure Blob Storage
         if: inputs.upload_blob
         shell: pwsh
         run: |
           $containerUrl = "https://autopilotmonitoreu.blob.core.windows.net/agent"
-          $sasToken = "${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOB_AGENT_SAS_TOKEN }}".TrimStart('?')
+          $authHeaders = & ./.github/scripts/Get-StorageAuthHeaders.ps1
           # Legacy mirror (transition until customers moved to the download.-alias):
           # blobs are ALSO pushed to the old account so the bootstrap URL baked into
           # customers' Intune scripts keeps serving current bits. Fail-soft -- a
@@ -234,7 +380,6 @@ jobs:
 
           function Send-Blob {
             param([string]$Local, [string]$BlobName, [string]$ContentType)
-            $url = "$containerUrl/$BlobName`?$sasToken"
             $bytes = [System.IO.File]::ReadAllBytes($Local)
             # no-cache on EVERY blob: they all rotate in place (even the per-line ZIP is
             # overwritten each build), and the download alias fronts them with Front Door.
@@ -248,7 +393,7 @@ jobs:
               $md5.Dispose()
             }
             Write-Host "Uploading $BlobName ($([math]::Round($bytes.Length / 1MB, 2)) MB)..."
-            Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $url -Method Put -Headers $headers -Body $bytes
+            Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "$containerUrl/$BlobName" -Method Put -Headers ($authHeaders + $headers) -Body $bytes
             Write-Host "  uploaded $BlobName"
             if (-not [string]::IsNullOrEmpty($legacySasToken)) {
               try {
@@ -274,56 +419,66 @@ jobs:
             # to main, so a release lands a set that is consistent with what is already live
             # (dev render, version-bump guard, bootstrapVersion oracles, alias verification).
             # Runs AFTER version.json so its bootstrapVersion read sees this build's manifest.
+            # Signed with the same identity: the device-side loader verifies the publisher
+            # of what it downloads, and the publisher refuses to upload unsigned scripts.
             ./.github/scripts/Publish-BootstrapScripts.ps1 `
-              -SasToken '${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOB_AGENT_SAS_TOKEN }}' `
               -LegacySasToken '${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOB_AGENT_LEGACY_SAS_TOKEN }}' `
-              -TableSasToken '${{ secrets.AZURE_TABLE_ADMIN_SAS_TOKEN }}'
+              -SigningToken $env:CODE_SIGN_AKV_ACCESS_TOKEN `
+              -KeyVaultUrl $env:CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL `
+              -CertificateName $env:CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME `
+              -TimestampUrl $env:CODE_SIGN_TIMESTAMP_URL `
+              -ExpectedPublisher $env:CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT
           }
 
           # Update AdminConfiguration LatestAgentV2* -- ONLY on stable cutover. The hash-oracle
           # must never point at a build that is not actually in the stable namespace.
           # LatestBootstrapV2ScriptVersion is NOT set here: it belongs to the script publisher
           # above, which also owns it on script-only pushes. One writer per field.
-          $tableSasToken = "${{ secrets.AZURE_TABLE_ADMIN_SAS_TOKEN }}".TrimStart('?')
           if ('${{ inputs.publish_as_stable }}' -ne 'true') {
             Write-Host "SKIPPED: AdminConfiguration update (versioned-only run -- stable namespace unchanged)"
-          } elseif ([string]::IsNullOrEmpty($tableSasToken) -or $tableSasToken -eq "XXX") {
-            Write-Host "SKIPPED: Table SAS token not configured -- set AZURE_TABLE_ADMIN_SAS_TOKEN secret to enable backend hash-oracle"
           } else {
             $sha256 = "${{ steps.artifact.outputs.sha256 }}"
             $exeSha256 = "${{ steps.artifact.outputs.exe_sha256 }}"
             $agentVersion = "${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}"
-            $tableUrl = "https://autopilotmonitoreu.table.core.windows.net/AdminConfiguration(PartitionKey='GlobalConfig',RowKey='config')?$tableSasToken"
+            $tableUrl = "https://autopilotmonitoreu.table.core.windows.net/AdminConfiguration(PartitionKey='GlobalConfig',RowKey='config')"
             $tableBody = @{
               LatestAgentV2Version    = $agentVersion
               LatestAgentV2Sha256     = $sha256
               LatestAgentV2ExeSha256  = $exeSha256
             }
-            Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $tableUrl -Method Merge -Headers @{
+            Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $tableUrl -Method Merge -Headers ($authHeaders + @{
               "Content-Type" = "application/json"
               "Accept"       = "application/json;odata=nometadata"
               "If-Match"     = "*"
-            } -Body ($tableBody | ConvertTo-Json)
+            }) -Body ($tableBody | ConvertTo-Json)
             Write-Host "AdminConfiguration updated: V2 version=$agentVersion, sha256=$sha256, exeSha256=$exeSha256"
           }
 
-      # Sigstore keyless provenance: binds the ZIP digest to this workflow run (repo, ref,
-      # commit, workflow file) in a public transparency log. The digest covers the identical
+      # Sigstore keyless provenance: binds the artifact digests to this workflow run (repo, ref,
+      # commit, workflow file) in a public transparency log. The digests cover the identical
       # bytes uploaded to blob (versioned AND stable), so one attestation covers all copies.
-      # Verify: gh attestation verify <zip> --repo okieselbach/AutopilotMonitor
-      - name: Attest build provenance (ZIP)
-        uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v4
+      # Complements Authenticode rather than replacing it: the signature says who published a
+      # binary, the attestation which build produced these exact bytes. Both EXEs are subjects
+      # of their own so an extracted binary can be verified without the ZIP.
+      # Verify: gh attestation verify <file> --repo okieselbach/AutopilotMonitor
+      # Skipped on runs that publish nothing -- no log entry for bytes nobody receives.
+      - name: Attest build provenance
+        if: inputs.upload_blob || inputs.create_release
+        uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@4d101475d8b20a2381f78447822ac1eab6504dd8 # v4
         with:
-          subject-path: ${{ steps.artifact.outputs.versioned_zip_release }}
+          subject-path: |
+            ${{ steps.artifact.outputs.versioned_zip_release }}
+            staging/agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.exe
+            staging/agent/AutopilotMonitor.SummaryDialog.exe
 
       - name: Upload build artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7
         with:
           name: AutopilotMonitor-Agent-v${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
           path: ${{ steps.artifact.outputs.versioned_zip_release }}
 
       - name: Upload version metadata
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7
         with:
           name: version-metadata
           path: ${{ env.MANIFEST_NAME }}
@@ -356,7 +511,7 @@ jobs:
             - **Published as stable:** ${{ inputs.publish_as_stable }}
 
             ### Provenance
-            This ZIP carries a [GitHub Artifact Attestation](https://github.com/okieselbach/AutopilotMonitor/attestations) (Sigstore keyless). Verify:
+            The executables are Authenticode-signed and timestamped. The ZIP and both executables carry a [GitHub Artifact Attestation](https://github.com/okieselbach/AutopilotMonitor/attestations) (Sigstore keyless). Verify:
             ```
             gh attestation verify AutopilotMonitor-Agent-v${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}.zip --repo okieselbach/AutopilotMonitor
             ```

.github/workflows/build-msi.yml

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 name: Build & Publish Bootstrap MSI
 
 # Thin MDM LOB delivery vehicle for WDP (Autopilot v2) — see
-# src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.BootstrapMsi/Package.wxs. The MSI carries no bootstrap
-# logic (only the runner script that downloads the CURRENT server-hosted
-# Install-AutopilotMonitor.ps1), so it is rebuilt rarely: only when the runner script
-# or the WiX package changes. Version lives in Package.wxs — bump it there before
-# dispatching so Intune LOB update detection sees a new ProductVersion.
+# src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.BootstrapMsi/Package.wxs. The MSI is packaging only: it
+# carries the SAME stage-1 loader that is assigned directly in Intune, so it is rebuilt
+# rarely — only when that loader or the WiX package changes. Version lives in Package.wxs
+# — bump it there before dispatching so Intune LOB update detection sees a new
+# ProductVersion.
 
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
@@ -23,8 +23,15 @@ permissions:
 
 env:
   MSI_PROJECT_DIR: src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.BootstrapMsi
-  RUNNER_SCRIPT: src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.BootstrapMsi/Invoke-BootstrapDownload.ps1
+  RUNNER_SCRIPT: scripts/Bootstrap/Start-AutopilotMonitor.ps1
   STABLE_MSI: AutopilotMonitor-Bootstrap.msi
+  # Authenticode via Azure Key Vault; identity and vault come from repository variables.
+  # CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT is optional and pins the publisher in the verify steps.
+  CODE_SIGN_CLIENT_ID: ${{ vars.CODE_SIGN_CLIENT_ID }}
+  CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME: ${{ vars.CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME }}
+  CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL: ${{ vars.CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL }}
+  CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT: ${{ vars.CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT }}
+  CODE_SIGN_TIMESTAMP_URL: http://timestamp.acs.microsoft.com
 
 jobs:
   build:
@@ -33,10 +40,14 @@ jobs:
 
     steps:
       - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@v7
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
-      # The runner executes as SYSTEM on every enrolling device — a parse error or
+      # The loader executes as SYSTEM on every enrolling device — a parse error or
       # non-ASCII mojibake (PS 5.1 codepage roulette) must fail the build, not the fleet.
+      # bootstrap-script-gates.yml runs the same checks plus Pester on pushes; this job
+      # stands on its own because it can be dispatched at any time.
       - name: Validate runner script (parse + ASCII-only)
         shell: pwsh
         run: |
@@ -62,8 +73,77 @@ jobs:
           Write-Host "MSI version (from Package.wxs): $version"
           "version=$version" >> $env:GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
+      # Every published MSI is signed; a missing variable stops the run before the build.
+      - name: Check code-signing configuration
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          foreach ($name in 'CODE_SIGN_CLIENT_ID', 'CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME', 'CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL') {
+            if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace([Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable($name))) {
+              throw "Repository variable $name is not set. Every published MSI must be Authenticode-signed."
+            }
+          }
+
+      # Logs in FIRST and only to fetch the Key Vault token: azure/login sets the default az
+      # account, so the storage login below has to be the last one. Both federated credentials
+      # are bound to the ref, so this job must never be given an `environment:` -- that would
+      # change the OIDC subject claim and break both logins.
+      - name: Login to Azure (code-signing identity)
+        uses: azure/login@a641126d1b8aa4d1fa005f4f92df94a3a4c4c906 # v3.1.0
+        with:
+          client-id: ${{ env.CODE_SIGN_CLIENT_ID }}
+          tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
+          allow-no-subscriptions: true
+
+      - name: Acquire Key Vault token for signing
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+          $token = az account get-access-token --scope https://vault.azure.net/.default --query accessToken --output tsv
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -or [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($token)) {
+            throw "Could not acquire a Key Vault token for the code-signing identity."
+          }
+          Write-Host "::add-mask::$token"
+          "CODE_SIGN_AKV_ACCESS_TOKEN=$token" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Encoding utf8 -Append
+
+      # The blob upload below is authorized by this federated identity, not by a SAS.
+      - name: Login to Azure (OIDC)
+        uses: azure/login@a641126d1b8aa4d1fa005f4f92df94a3a4c4c906 # v3.1.0
+        with:
+          client-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CLIENT_ID }}
+          tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
+          subscription-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
+
+      # Exact version, not a "5.*" range: wix writes the bytes of the MSI that customers
+      # install, so a compromised or simply broken point release must not flow into a build
+      # unnoticed. Bumping is a reviewed commit.
       - name: Install WiX toolset
-        run: dotnet tool install --global wix --version "5.*"
+        run: dotnet tool install --global wix --version 5.0.2
+
+      # Version pinned; roll-forward because the tool targets an older runtime than the SDK.
+      - name: Install AzureSignTool
+        env:
+          DOTNET_ROLL_FORWARD: LatestMajor
+        run: dotnet tool install --no-cache --global AzureSignTool --version 7.0.1
+
+      # BEFORE the build: wix embeds the file as it finds it, so a loader signed afterwards
+      # would leave the copy inside the MSI unsigned. Devices under an AllSigned policy need
+      # the embedded loader to carry a signature of its own.
+      - name: Sign bootstrap loader (Authenticode)
+        shell: pwsh
+        env:
+          DOTNET_ROLL_FORWARD: LatestMajor
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+          & azuresigntool.exe sign --verbose `
+            --azure-key-vault-url "$env:CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL" `
+            --azure-key-vault-accesstoken "$env:CODE_SIGN_AKV_ACCESS_TOKEN" `
+            --azure-key-vault-certificate "$env:CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME" `
+            --timestamp-rfc3161 "$env:CODE_SIGN_TIMESTAMP_URL" `
+            --file-digest sha256 `
+            --description 'Autopilot Monitor bootstrap runner' `
+            --description-url 'https://www.autopilotmonitor.com' `
+            $env:RUNNER_SCRIPT
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "azuresigntool failed with exit code $LASTEXITCODE" }
 
       - name: Build MSI
         shell: pwsh
@@ -75,16 +155,46 @@ jobs:
           wix build Package.wxs -arch x64 -o $out
           Pop-Location
           if (-not (Test-Path $env:STABLE_MSI)) { Write-Error "wix build produced no MSI"; exit 1 }
-          $sha256 = (Get-FileHash $env:STABLE_MSI -Algorithm SHA256).Hash.ToLowerInvariant()
           Write-Host "Built $env:STABLE_MSI ($([math]::Round((Get-Item $env:STABLE_MSI).Length / 1KB)) KB)"
-          Write-Host "SHA-256: $sha256"
+
+      # Signing rewrites the MSI, so it runs before the hash and the upload. A missing
+      # timestamp fails the run: without it the signature dies with the certificate.
+      - name: Sign MSI (Authenticode)
+        shell: pwsh
+        env:
+          DOTNET_ROLL_FORWARD: LatestMajor
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+          & azuresigntool.exe sign --verbose `
+            --azure-key-vault-url "$env:CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL" `
+            --azure-key-vault-accesstoken "$env:CODE_SIGN_AKV_ACCESS_TOKEN" `
+            --azure-key-vault-certificate "$env:CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME" `
+            --timestamp-rfc3161 "$env:CODE_SIGN_TIMESTAMP_URL" `
+            --file-digest sha256 `
+            --description 'Autopilot Monitor Bootstrap' `
+            --description-url 'https://www.autopilotmonitor.com' `
+            $env:STABLE_MSI
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0) { throw "azuresigntool failed with exit code $LASTEXITCODE" }
+
+          # The MSI and the loader it carries -- verified here, before anything is published.
+          foreach ($file in @($env:STABLE_MSI, $env:RUNNER_SCRIPT)) {
+            $sig = Get-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath $file
+            if ($sig.Status -ne 'Valid') { throw "Signature on $file is '$($sig.Status)', expected 'Valid'." }
+            if (-not $sig.TimeStamperCertificate) { throw "Signature on $file carries no timestamp." }
+            if ($env:CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT -and $sig.SignerCertificate.Subject -notlike $env:CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT) {
+              throw "$file was signed by '$($sig.SignerCertificate.Subject)', expected '$env:CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT'."
+            }
+            Write-Host "$file : Valid, timestamped, signer $($sig.SignerCertificate.Subject.Split(',')[0])"
+          }
+
+          Write-Host "SHA-256: $((Get-FileHash $env:STABLE_MSI -Algorithm SHA256).Hash.ToLowerInvariant())"
 
       - name: Upload to Azure Blob Storage
         if: inputs.upload_blob
         shell: pwsh
         run: |
           $containerUrl = "https://autopilotmonitoreu.blob.core.windows.net/agent"
-          $sasToken = "${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOB_AGENT_SAS_TOKEN }}".TrimStart('?')
+          $authHeaders = & ./.github/scripts/Get-StorageAuthHeaders.ps1
           $version = "${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}"
 
           # Same Send-Blob contract as build-agent.yml: no-cache on every blob because the
@@ -102,7 +212,7 @@ jobs:
             $headers["Content-MD5"] = [Convert]::ToBase64String($md5.ComputeHash($bytes))
             $md5.Dispose()
             Write-Host "Uploading $BlobName ($([math]::Round($bytes.Length / 1KB)) KB)..."
-            Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "$containerUrl/$BlobName`?$sasToken" -Method Put -Headers $headers -Body $bytes
+            Invoke-RestMethod -Uri "$containerUrl/$BlobName" -Method Put -Headers ($authHeaders + $headers) -Body $bytes
             Write-Host "  uploaded $BlobName"
           }
 
@@ -125,15 +235,17 @@ jobs:
           }
           Write-Host "Alias verified: https://download.autopilotmonitor.com/agent/$env:STABLE_MSI ($remoteSize bytes)"
 
-      # Sigstore keyless provenance, same as the agent ZIP. Verify:
+      # Sigstore keyless provenance, same as the agent ZIP; covers the signed bytes. Skipped
+      # on runs that publish nothing -- no log entry for bytes nobody receives. Verify:
       # gh attestation verify AutopilotMonitor-Bootstrap.msi --repo okieselbach/AutopilotMonitor
       - name: Attest build provenance (MSI)
-        uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v4
+        if: inputs.upload_blob
+        uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@4d101475d8b20a2381f78447822ac1eab6504dd8 # v4
         with:
           subject-path: ${{ env.STABLE_MSI }}
 
       - name: Upload build artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7
         with:
           name: AutopilotMonitor-Bootstrap-v${{ steps.version.outputs.version }}
           path: ${{ env.STABLE_MSI }}

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ on:
       - 'infra/**'
       - '.claude/**'
       - '.gitmodules'
+      - 'zizmor.yml'
       - '**/*.md'
       - 'LICENSE'
       - '.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/**'
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ on:
       # Every other workflow: nothing here builds or tests anything CI covers. paths-ignore
       # cannot negate, so they are listed one by one; ci.yml itself stays out of the list
       # so a change to CI runs CI. A new workflow file is opt-in — add it here too.
+      - '.github/workflows/action-pins.yml'
       - '.github/workflows/bootstrap-script-gates.yml'
       - '.github/workflows/build-agent.yml'
       - '.github/workflows/build-msi.yml'
@@ -56,6 +58,7 @@ on:
       - 'infra/**'
       - '.claude/**'
       - '.gitmodules'
+      - 'zizmor.yml'
       - '**/*.md'
       - 'LICENSE'
       - '.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/**'
@@ -67,6 +70,7 @@ on:
       # Every other workflow: nothing here builds or tests anything CI covers. paths-ignore
       # cannot negate, so they are listed one by one; ci.yml itself stays out of the list
       # so a change to CI runs CI. A new workflow file is opt-in — add it here too.
+      - '.github/workflows/action-pins.yml'
       - '.github/workflows/bootstrap-script-gates.yml'
       - '.github/workflows/build-agent.yml'
       - '.github/workflows/build-msi.yml'
@@ -94,9 +98,11 @@ jobs:
     # windows-latest is required: the agent test projects target net48.
     runs-on: windows-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
-      - uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6
         with:
           dotnet-version: '10.0.x'
 
@@ -125,9 +131,11 @@ jobs:
       run:
         working-directory: src/Web/autopilot-monitor-web
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v7
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7
         with:
           node-version: '22'
           cache: npm
@@ -159,9 +167,11 @@ jobs:
       run:
         working-directory: src/McpServer/autopilot-monitor-mcp
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v7
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7
         with:
           node-version: '22'
           cache: npm
@@ -179,7 +189,7 @@ jobs:
       # (run 31252869254). Persist the model across runs instead; HF_CACHE_DIR
       # is honored by vector-search-provider.ts.
       - name: Cache embedding model
-        uses: actions/cache@v6
+        uses: actions/cache@55cc8345863c7cc4c66a329aec7e433d2d1c52a9 # v6
         with:
           path: ${{ github.workspace }}/.hf-cache
           key: hf-model-Xenova-all-MiniLM-L6-v2
@@ -193,9 +203,11 @@ jobs:
     name: Generated guardrails match rules/guardrails.json
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v7
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7
         with:
           node-version: '22'
 
@@ -214,9 +226,11 @@ jobs:
     name: Generated wire types match shared-manifests.json
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v7
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7
         with:
           node-version: '22'
 

.github/workflows/codeql.yml

@@ -17,6 +17,7 @@ on:
       - 'infra/**'
       - '.claude/**'
       - '.gitmodules'
+      - 'zizmor.yml'
       - '**/*.md'
       - 'LICENSE'
       - '.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/**'
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ on:
       - 'infra/**'
       - '.claude/**'
       - '.gitmodules'
+      - 'zizmor.yml'
       - '**/*.md'
       - 'LICENSE'
       - '.github/ISSUE_TEMPLATE/**'
@@ -102,15 +104,17 @@ jobs:
             build-mode: none
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
-      - uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v6
+      - uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6
         if: matrix.language == 'csharp'
         with:
           dotnet-version: '10.0.x'
 
       - name: Initialize CodeQL
-        uses: github/codeql-action/init@v4.37.9
+        uses: github/codeql-action/init@b96794f015dfd88f77b49b1c93e0fa7110f94c63 # v4.38.0
         with:
           languages: ${{ matrix.language }}
           build-mode: ${{ matrix.build-mode }}
@@ -121,6 +125,6 @@ jobs:
         run: dotnet build AutopilotMonitor.sln --configuration Release
 
       - name: Analyze
-        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@v4.37.9
+        uses: github/codeql-action/analyze@b96794f015dfd88f77b49b1c93e0fa7110f94c63 # v4.38.0
         with:
           category: /language:${{ matrix.language }}

.github/workflows/combine-rules.yml

@@ -24,14 +24,22 @@ jobs:
     permissions:
       contents: write
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
 
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v7
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7
         with:
           node-version: '22'
 
-      - name: Install ajv-cli
-        run: npm install -g ajv-cli ajv-formats
+      # Lockfile and no lifecycle scripts: this job holds contents:write and pushes to
+      # main, so an install-time script from a hijacked package would run with a token that
+      # can rewrite the repository. rules/scripts/package-lock.json pins ajv-cli, ajv-formats
+      # and every transitive package (Dependabot keeps it current); ajv is pure JS and
+      # needs no install hooks.
+      - name: Install ajv-cli from the lockfile
+        working-directory: rules/scripts
+        run: |
+          npm ci --ignore-scripts
+          echo "$PWD/node_modules/.bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
 
       - name: Validate Gather Rules
         run: |

.github/workflows/deploy-backend.yml

@@ -19,17 +19,19 @@ jobs:
     name: Build and Deploy Backend
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       - name: Login to Azure (OIDC)
-        uses: azure/login@7ddb5af1ef8758cf1353cf3b42f940aee27ba21c # v3
+        uses: azure/login@a641126d1b8aa4d1fa005f4f92df94a3a4c4c906 # v3.1.0
         with:
           client-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CLIENT_ID }}
           tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
           subscription-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
 
       - name: Setup .NET 10
-        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@v6
+        uses: actions/setup-dotnet@a98b56852c35b8e3190ac28c8c2271da59106c68 # v6
         with:
           dotnet-version: '10.0.x'
 
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ jobs:
         id: version
         shell: pwsh
         run: |
-          $buildNumber = & ./.github/scripts/Request-BuildNumber.ps1 -CounterUrl "${{ env.VERSIONS_CONTAINER }}/backend.txt" -SasToken '${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOB_VERSIONS_SAS_TOKEN }}'
+          $buildNumber = & ./.github/scripts/Request-BuildNumber.ps1 -CounterUrl "${{ env.VERSIONS_CONTAINER }}/backend.txt"
 
           $csproj = Get-Content ${{ env.CSPROJ_PATH }} -Raw
           if ($csproj -notmatch '<VersionPrefix>(\d+\.\d+)</VersionPrefix>') {
@@ -115,9 +117,9 @@ jobs:
             runId       = '${{ github.run_id }}'
           } | ConvertTo-Json
 
-          $sas = '${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOB_VERSIONS_SAS_TOKEN }}'.TrimStart('?')
-          $url = "${{ env.VERSIONS_CONTAINER }}/backend.json?$sas"
+          $authHeaders = & ./.github/scripts/Get-StorageAuthHeaders.ps1
+          $url = "${{ env.VERSIONS_CONTAINER }}/backend.json"
           # no-cache: rotating pointer, must never be served stale by any fronting cache.
-          Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $url -Method Put -Headers @{ 'x-ms-blob-type' = 'BlockBlob'; 'x-ms-blob-cache-control' = 'no-cache' } -Body $manifest -ContentType 'application/json' | Out-Null
+          Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $url -Method Put -Headers ($authHeaders + @{ 'x-ms-blob-type' = 'BlockBlob'; 'x-ms-blob-cache-control' = 'no-cache' }) -Body $manifest -ContentType 'application/json' | Out-Null
           Write-Host "Published versions/backend.json"
           Write-Host $manifest

.github/workflows/deploy-mcp.yml

@@ -26,7 +26,9 @@ jobs:
     name: Build and Deploy MCP Server
 
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
 
       # The published customer documentation lives in its own PUBLIC repo and is
       # baked into the image as the search_docs corpus (see the Dockerfile). No
@@ -36,8 +38,9 @@ jobs:
       # re-run actually rolls a new revision). /health reports the SHA captured
       # below so that staleness is checkable.
       - name: Check out documentation bundle
-        uses: actions/checkout@v7
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
         with:
+          persist-credentials: false
           repository: autopilotmonitor/autopilotmonitor-docs
           path: mcp-docs
 
@@ -46,7 +49,7 @@ jobs:
         run: echo "sha=$(git -C mcp-docs rev-parse HEAD)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
 
       - name: Login to Azure (OIDC)
-        uses: azure/login@7ddb5af1ef8758cf1353cf3b42f940aee27ba21c # v3
+        uses: azure/login@a641126d1b8aa4d1fa005f4f92df94a3a4c4c906 # v3.1.0
         with:
           client-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CLIENT_ID }}
           tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
@@ -59,7 +62,7 @@ jobs:
         id: version
         shell: pwsh
         run: |
-          $buildNumber = & ./.github/scripts/Request-BuildNumber.ps1 -CounterUrl "${{ env.VERSIONS_CONTAINER }}/mcp.txt" -SasToken '${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOB_VERSIONS_SAS_TOKEN }}'
+          $buildNumber = & ./.github/scripts/Request-BuildNumber.ps1 -CounterUrl "${{ env.VERSIONS_CONTAINER }}/mcp.txt"
 
           $pkgVersion = (Get-Content ${{ env.PACKAGE_JSON }} -Raw | ConvertFrom-Json).version
           $prefix = ($pkgVersion -split '\.')[0..1] -join '.'
@@ -77,7 +80,7 @@ jobs:
           "short_sha=$shortSha" >> $env:GITHUB_OUTPUT
 
       - name: Login to ACR
-        run: az acr login --name ${{ env.ACR_NAME }}
+        run: az acr login --name "$ACR_NAME"
 
       - name: Build and push container image
         run: |
@@ -87,17 +90,17 @@ jobs:
             --build-arg BUILD_NUMBER=${{ steps.version.outputs.build_number }} \
             --build-arg BUILD_COMMIT=${{ steps.version.outputs.short_sha }} \
             --build-arg BUILD_UTC=${{ steps.version.outputs.build_utc }} \
-            -t ${{ env.ACR_NAME }}.azurecr.io/${{ env.CONTAINER_APP_NAME }}:${{ env.IMAGE_TAG }} \
-            -t ${{ env.ACR_NAME }}.azurecr.io/${{ env.CONTAINER_APP_NAME }}:latest \
+            -t "$ACR_NAME.azurecr.io/$CONTAINER_APP_NAME:$IMAGE_TAG" \
+            -t "$ACR_NAME.azurecr.io/$CONTAINER_APP_NAME:latest" \
             .
-          docker push ${{ env.ACR_NAME }}.azurecr.io/${{ env.CONTAINER_APP_NAME }} --all-tags
+          docker push "$ACR_NAME.azurecr.io/$CONTAINER_APP_NAME" --all-tags
 
       - name: Deploy to Container App
         run: |
           az containerapp update \
-            --name ${{ env.CONTAINER_APP_NAME }} \
-            --resource-group ${{ env.RESOURCE_GROUP }} \
-            --image ${{ env.ACR_NAME }}.azurecr.io/${{ env.CONTAINER_APP_NAME }}:${{ env.IMAGE_TAG }}
+            --name "$CONTAINER_APP_NAME" \
+            --resource-group "$RESOURCE_GROUP" \
+            --image "$ACR_NAME.azurecr.io/$CONTAINER_APP_NAME:$IMAGE_TAG"
 
       # `az containerapp update` returns once the revision is provisioned, not once
       # it serves traffic — and with minReplicas=0 the first request also pays a cold
@@ -144,9 +147,9 @@ jobs:
             docsCommit  = '${{ steps.docs.outputs.sha }}'.Substring(0, 7)
           } | ConvertTo-Json
 
-          $sas = '${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOB_VERSIONS_SAS_TOKEN }}'.TrimStart('?')
-          $url = "${{ env.VERSIONS_CONTAINER }}/mcp.json?$sas"
+          $authHeaders = & ./.github/scripts/Get-StorageAuthHeaders.ps1
+          $url = "${{ env.VERSIONS_CONTAINER }}/mcp.json"
           # no-cache: rotating pointer, must never be served stale by any fronting cache.
-          Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $url -Method Put -Headers @{ 'x-ms-blob-type' = 'BlockBlob'; 'x-ms-blob-cache-control' = 'no-cache' } -Body $manifest -ContentType 'application/json' | Out-Null
+          Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $url -Method Put -Headers ($authHeaders + @{ 'x-ms-blob-type' = 'BlockBlob'; 'x-ms-blob-cache-control' = 'no-cache' }) -Body $manifest -ContentType 'application/json' | Out-Null
           Write-Host "Published versions/mcp.json"
           Write-Host $manifest

.github/workflows/deploy-web.yml

@@ -35,12 +35,40 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     name: Build and Deploy Job
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
         with:
+          persist-credentials: false
           lfs: false
           fetch-depth: 0  # Full history needed for git-based sitemap lastmod dates
 
-      - uses: actions/setup-node@v7
+      # Only the version manifest at the very end needs Azure; logging in here rather than
+      # next to that step keeps a credential problem from surfacing after a live deploy.
+      - name: Login to Azure (OIDC)
+        uses: azure/login@a641126d1b8aa4d1fa005f4f92df94a3a4c4c906 # v3.1.0
+        with:
+          client-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CLIENT_ID }}
+          tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
+          subscription-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
+
+      # The customer docs repo is the single source of the "What's new" panel: the prebuild
+      # step (scripts/whats-new/build-whats-new.js) turns changelog/*.md into
+      # public/whats-new.json and dates every bullet via git blame — hence the full history.
+      # Public repo, no token. Editing the docs does NOT update the live panel until this
+      # workflow runs again (push under src/Web/** or a manual dispatch); versions/web.json
+      # records which docs commit is live.
+      - name: Check out documentation bundle
+        uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+          repository: autopilotmonitor/autopilotmonitor-docs
+          path: whats-new-docs
+          fetch-depth: 0
+
+      - name: Resolve docs commit
+        id: docs
+        run: echo "sha=$(git -C whats-new-docs rev-parse HEAD)" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+      - uses: actions/setup-node@820762786026740c76f36085b0efc47a31fe5020 # v7
         with:
           node-version: '22'
           cache: npm
@@ -51,7 +79,7 @@ jobs:
         run: npm ci
 
       # next.config output:'export' -- `next build` writes the static site to out/
-      # (prebuild: sync-error-codes, generate-lastmod, generate-version).
+      # (prebuild: sync-error-codes, generate-lastmod, generate-version, whats-new).
       - name: Build
         working-directory: ${{ env.WEB_DIR }}
         env:
@@ -68,9 +96,12 @@ jobs:
           # Build stamp for public/version.json (scripts/generate-version.js in prebuild);
           # the verify step below polls the deployed file for exactly this commit.
           GITHUB_SHA: ${{ github.sha }}
+          # Docs checkout for public/whats-new.json; the prebuild fails in CI without it.
+          WHATS_NEW_DOCS_DIR: ${{ github.workspace }}/whats-new-docs
         run: |
           npm run build
           test -f out/version.json || { echo "out/version.json missing - export did not run"; exit 1; }
+          test -f out/whats-new.json || { echo "out/whats-new.json missing - whats-new prebuild did not run"; exit 1; }
 
       # One archive of the exact bytes that get uploaded, so the attestation has a single subject.
       - name: Package export
@@ -85,12 +116,12 @@ jobs:
       # commit, workflow file) in a public transparency log.
       # Verify: gh attestation verify portal-<sha>.tar.gz --repo okieselbach/AutopilotMonitor
       - name: Attest build provenance (portal export)
-        uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@v4
+        uses: actions/attest-build-provenance@4d101475d8b20a2381f78447822ac1eab6504dd8 # v4
         with:
           subject-path: ${{ steps.package.outputs.archive }}
 
       - name: Upload build artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@v7
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7
         with:
           name: portal-${{ github.sha }}
           path: ${{ steps.package.outputs.archive }}
@@ -136,7 +167,8 @@ jobs:
           throw "Portal did not serve commit $expectedCommit within 5 minutes -- deployment not verified, version manifest NOT published"
 
       # Cross-component deploy record, written last and only on a verified deploy --
-      # same contract as versions/backend.json and versions/mcp.json.
+      # same contract as versions/backend.json and versions/mcp.json. docsCommit says which
+      # docs revision the live What's new panel was generated from (as for the MCP corpus).
       - name: Publish version manifest
         shell: pwsh
         run: |
@@ -145,11 +177,12 @@ jobs:
             commit      = '${{ github.sha }}'.Substring(0, 7)
             deployedUtc = [DateTime]::UtcNow.ToString('o')
             runId       = '${{ github.run_id }}'
+            docsCommit  = '${{ steps.docs.outputs.sha }}'.Substring(0, 7)
           } | ConvertTo-Json
 
-          $sas = '${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOB_VERSIONS_SAS_TOKEN }}'.TrimStart('?')
-          $url = "${{ env.VERSIONS_CONTAINER }}/web.json?$sas"
+          $authHeaders = & ./.github/scripts/Get-StorageAuthHeaders.ps1
+          $url = "${{ env.VERSIONS_CONTAINER }}/web.json"
           # no-cache: rotating pointer, must never be served stale by any fronting cache.
-          Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $url -Method Put -Headers @{ 'x-ms-blob-type' = 'BlockBlob'; 'x-ms-blob-cache-control' = 'no-cache' } -Body $manifest -ContentType 'application/json' | Out-Null
+          Invoke-RestMethod -Uri $url -Method Put -Headers ($authHeaders + @{ 'x-ms-blob-type' = 'BlockBlob'; 'x-ms-blob-cache-control' = 'no-cache' }) -Body $manifest -ContentType 'application/json' | Out-Null
           Write-Host "Published versions/web.json"
           Write-Host $manifest

.github/workflows/indexnow-notify.yml

@@ -3,6 +3,9 @@ name: IndexNow Notify (Bing/Yandex)
 on:
   workflow_dispatch:
 
+# The job only talks to public endpoints; it never needs a repository token.
+permissions: {}
+
 jobs:
   notify:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest

.github/workflows/oidc-login-test.yml

@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ jobs:
     name: Federated login + read check
     steps:
       - name: Login to Azure (OIDC)
-        uses: azure/login@7ddb5af1ef8758cf1353cf3b42f940aee27ba21c # v3
+        uses: azure/login@a641126d1b8aa4d1fa005f4f92df94a3a4c4c906 # v3.1.0
         with:
           client-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CLIENT_ID }}
           tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}

.github/workflows/pester.yml

@@ -25,5 +25,6 @@ concurrency:
   cancel-in-progress: true
 
 jobs:
+  # $/ is the self-repository form: this repository at the running commit.
   gates:
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/bootstrap-script-gates.yml
+    uses: $/.github/workflows/bootstrap-script-gates.yml

.github/workflows/publish-scripts.yml

@@ -34,23 +34,109 @@ concurrency:
   group: agent-blob-publish
   cancel-in-progress: false
 
+# Authenticode for the customer scripts. Same identity and same repository variables as
+# build-agent.yml -- the loader on every device pins this publisher, so the two must not
+# drift apart.
+env:
+  CODE_SIGN_CLIENT_ID: ${{ vars.CODE_SIGN_CLIENT_ID }}
+  CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME: ${{ vars.CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME }}
+  CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL: ${{ vars.CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL }}
+  CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT: ${{ vars.CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT }}
+  CODE_SIGN_TIMESTAMP_URL: http://timestamp.acs.microsoft.com
+
 jobs:
+  # $/ is the self-repository form: this repository at the running commit, never a
+  # path some earlier step could have written to the workspace.
   gates:
-    uses: ./.github/workflows/bootstrap-script-gates.yml
+    uses: $/.github/workflows/bootstrap-script-gates.yml
 
   publish:
     name: Publish to the download alias
     needs: gates
     runs-on: windows-latest
+    # Job-scoped: only the publish job federates to Azure, the gates job never holds an
+    # OIDC token it does not need.
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      id-token: write   # OIDC federated login for the storage writes (secret-less)
     steps:
-      - uses: actions/checkout@v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@3d3c42e5aac5ba805825da76410c181273ba90b1 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Check code-signing configuration
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          foreach ($name in 'CODE_SIGN_CLIENT_ID', 'CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME', 'CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL') {
+            if ([string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace([Environment]::GetEnvironmentVariable($name))) {
+              throw "Repository variable $name is not set. Published customer scripts must be signed."
+            }
+          }
+
+      # First, and only to fetch the Key Vault token: azure/login sets the default az
+      # account and the storage login below has to be the one that stays. See D-223 --
+      # both federated credentials are bound to the ref, so this job must never carry a
+      # GitHub `environment:`.
+      - name: Login to Azure (code-signing identity)
+        uses: azure/login@a641126d1b8aa4d1fa005f4f92df94a3a4c4c906 # v3.1.0
+        with:
+          client-id: ${{ env.CODE_SIGN_CLIENT_ID }}
+          tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
+          allow-no-subscriptions: true
+
+      - name: Acquire Key Vault token for signing
+        shell: pwsh
+        run: |
+          $ErrorActionPreference = 'Stop'
+          $token = az account get-access-token --scope https://vault.azure.net/.default --query accessToken --output tsv
+          if ($LASTEXITCODE -ne 0 -or [string]::IsNullOrWhiteSpace($token)) {
+            throw "Could not acquire a Key Vault token for the code-signing identity."
+          }
+          Write-Host "::add-mask::$token"
+          "CODE_SIGN_AKV_ACCESS_TOKEN=$token" | Out-File -FilePath $env:GITHUB_ENV -Encoding utf8 -Append
+
+      # Authorizes the eu blob writes and the AdminConfiguration merge. The gates job above
+      # runs the same publisher with -DryRun and deliberately without a login -- a dry run
+      # must never need Azure credentials.
+      - name: Login to Azure (OIDC)
+        uses: azure/login@a641126d1b8aa4d1fa005f4f92df94a3a4c4c906 # v3.1.0
+        with:
+          client-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_CLIENT_ID }}
+          tenant-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_TENANT_ID }}
+          subscription-id: ${{ secrets.AZURE_SUBSCRIPTION_ID }}
+
+      # Version pinned so a new or compromised NuGet release cannot flow into signing
+      # unreviewed; roll-forward because the tool targets an older runtime than the SDK
+      # preinstalled on the runner.
+      - name: Install AzureSignTool
+        env:
+          DOTNET_ROLL_FORWARD: LatestMajor
+        run: dotnet tool install --no-cache --global AzureSignTool --version 7.0.1
 
       - name: Publish bootstrap + customer scripts
         shell: pwsh
+        env:
+          DOTNET_ROLL_FORWARD: LatestMajor
         run: |
           $dryRun = '${{ inputs.dry_run }}' -eq 'true'
           ./.github/scripts/Publish-BootstrapScripts.ps1 `
-            -SasToken '${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOB_AGENT_SAS_TOKEN }}' `
             -LegacySasToken '${{ secrets.AZURE_BLOB_AGENT_LEGACY_SAS_TOKEN }}' `
-            -TableSasToken '${{ secrets.AZURE_TABLE_ADMIN_SAS_TOKEN }}' `
+            -SigningToken $env:CODE_SIGN_AKV_ACCESS_TOKEN `
+            -KeyVaultUrl $env:CODE_SIGN_KEY_VAULT_URL `
+            -CertificateName $env:CODE_SIGN_CERTIFICATE_NAME `
+            -TimestampUrl $env:CODE_SIGN_TIMESTAMP_URL `
+            -ExpectedPublisher $env:CODE_SIGN_EXPECTED_SUBJECT `
+            -SignedOutputDir "$env:RUNNER_TEMP/signed-scripts" `
             -DryRun:$dryRun
+
+      # The exact bytes that were (or, on a dry run, would have been) uploaded. A dry-run
+      # dispatch is therefore the way to inspect a signed script locally before it reaches
+      # a single customer. Kept on failure too: a failed alias verification is precisely
+      # when someone wants to look at the file.
+      - name: Upload signed scripts
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7
+        with:
+          name: signed-scripts
+          path: ${{ runner.temp }}/signed-scripts
+          if-no-files-found: ignore

.gitignore

@@ -145,6 +145,10 @@ internal/docs/~$Introduction-AutopilotMonitor.pptx
 # changes each run) and served at /version.json from the static export.
 src/Web/autopilot-monitor-web/public/version.json
 
+# What's new payload: generated by scripts/whats-new/build-whats-new.js from the docs
+# checkout on every build and served at /whats-new.json from the static export.
+src/Web/autopilot-monitor-web/public/whats-new.json
+
 
 # Local IME installer scratch (MSI + extracted payload per version, for grepping
 # in binaries). Operator-only, never committed.

rules/analyze/ANALYZE-ESP-004.json

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 {
   "$schema": "../schema/analyze-rule.schema.json",
   "ruleId": "ANALYZE-ESP-004",
-  "title": "ESP Timeout with 'Continue Anyway' (Soft Failure)",
-  "description": "Detects an ESP terminal failure on a profile that allows 'Continue anyway'. The enrollment is reported as failed, but the user most likely dismissed the error screen and reached the desktop — a soft failure rather than an unusable device.",
+  "title": "ESP Gave Up on a Blocking App with 'Continue Anyway' (Soft Failure)",
+  "description": "Detects an ESP terminal failure where the ESP gave up while a blocking app was still installing (the agent's own esp_apps_timeout verdict — no per-app HRESULT was reported) on a profile that allows 'Continue anyway'. The enrollment is reported as failed, but the user most likely dismissed the error screen and reached the desktop — a soft failure rather than an unusable device. An ESP failure that carries a specific error code (a failed installer, a detection mismatch) is a different case and stays with the rule that explains that code.",
   "severity": "warning",
   "category": "esp",
-  "version": "1.0.1",
+  "version": "1.1.0",
   "enabled": true,
   "baseConfidence": 80,
   "conditions": [
@@ -26,6 +26,27 @@
       "value": "true",
       "required": true
     },
+    {
+      "signal": "esp_gave_up_on_app",
+      "source": "event_type",
+      "eventType": "app_install_failed",
+      "dataField": "failureType",
+      "operator": "equals",
+      "value": "esp_apps_timeout",
+      "required": true
+    },
+    {
+      "signal": "appName",
+      "source": "event_data",
+      "eventType": "app_install_failed",
+      "dataField": "appName",
+      "operator": "exists",
+      "value": "",
+      "filterField": "failureType",
+      "filterOperator": "equals",
+      "filterValue": "esp_apps_timeout",
+      "required": false
+    },
     {
       "signal": "espSyncFailureTimeoutMinutes",
       "source": "event_type",
@@ -38,34 +59,25 @@
     {
       "signal": "failedSubcategory",
       "source": "event_type",
-      "eventType": "enrollment_failed",
+      "eventType": "esp_failure_settle_started",
       "dataField": "failedSubcategory",
       "operator": "exists",
       "value": "",
       "required": false
-    },
-    {
-      "signal": "appName",
-      "source": "event_type",
-      "eventType": "app_install_failed",
-      "dataField": "appName",
-      "operator": "exists",
-      "value": "",
-      "required": false
     }
   ],
   "confidenceFactors": [
-    { "signal": "appName", "condition": "exists", "weight": 10 }
+    { "signal": "failedSubcategory", "condition": "exists", "weight": 10 }
   ],
-  "explanation": "This enrollment was reported as **failed** because the Enrollment Status Page reached its configured terminal timeout (`{{espSyncFailureTimeoutMinutes}} min`) before all blocking items finished. The ESP profile, however, allows **'Continue anyway'** — so the user most likely dismissed the error screen and reached the desktop with a working, though not fully provisioned, device.\n\nThe agent only observes the ESP terminal failure on the device side; it cannot see what the user did after the failure screen. Treat this as a **soft failure**: the device may well be in productive use, while at least one blocking item (`{{failedSubcategory}}` subcategory / app `{{appName}}`) did not complete inside the ESP window.\n\nA cluster of these across a tenant almost always points at one slow blocking app holding the whole fleet at the ESP timeout wall, not at broken devices. Any field still shown as a literal `{{…}}` placeholder was simply not recorded for this session (e.g. a certificate-only failure has no failed app).",
+  "explanation": "This enrollment was reported as **failed** because the Enrollment Status Page gave up while the blocking app **{{appName}}** was still installing — the agent recorded no per-app error code, only that the app never finished inside the ESP window (the profile's configured limit is `{{espSyncFailureTimeoutMinutes}} min`; the ESP may have stopped earlier than that). The ESP profile, however, allows **'Continue anyway'** — so the user most likely dismissed the error screen and reached the desktop with a working, though not fully provisioned, device.\n\nThe agent only observes the ESP terminal failure on the device side; it cannot see what the user did after the failure screen. Treat this as a **soft failure**: the device may well be in productive use, while the `{{failedSubcategory}}` subcategory did not complete inside the ESP window.\n\nA cluster of these across a tenant almost always points at one slow blocking app holding the whole fleet at the ESP limit, not at broken devices. This rule deliberately stays silent when the failed app reported a specific error code — a failed installer or a detection mismatch is explained by the rule for that code, and 'Continue anyway' does not make it a timing problem. Any field still shown as a literal `{{…}}` placeholder was simply not recorded for this session.",
   "remediation": [
     {
       "title": "Relieve ESP pressure so enrollments finish inside the window",
       "steps": [
-        "Identify the slow blocking app (`{{appName}}`) and either remove it from the ESP 'block device use until these required apps are installed' list, or raise the ESP installation timeout (currently {{espSyncFailureTimeoutMinutes}} min).",
-        "If the app legitimately needs longer than the ESP allows, make it non-blocking and let it install after the desktop arrives.",
-        "Verify the app's detection rule matches after install — an app that installs but fails detection times out the ESP on every device (see ANALYZE-APP-013).",
-        "If a subcategory such as Certificates is reported under '{{failedSubcategory}}', confirm the certificate/connector actually delivers — 'Continue anyway' hides a missing certificate, it does not fix it."
+        "Look at how long `{{appName}}` takes on a device that completes: if it legitimately needs longer than the ESP allows, make it non-blocking (remove it from 'block device use until these required apps are installed') and let it install after the desktop arrives.",
+        "If the app must stay blocking, raise the ESP setting 'Show error when installation takes longer than' (configured at {{espSyncFailureTimeoutMinutes}} min) — a limit, not a target; it only helps when the app reliably finishes within the new value.",
+        "Check the app's dependencies and install order: a blocking app waiting on a large dependency download (Delivery Optimization, proxy throughput) is the usual reason it never finishes in time.",
+        "If the ESP reported a non-Apps subcategory under '{{failedSubcategory}}', confirm the certificate/connector actually delivers — 'Continue anyway' hides a missing certificate, it does not fix it."
       ]
     }
   ],

rules/analyze/ANALYZE-ID-001.json

@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@
   "description": "Detects when a certificate with the configured subject is missing from the local machine personal store (LocalMachine\\My). Requires the gather rule GATHER-ID-002 (machine cert store inventory) to be enabled — the check runs against its gather_machine_cert_store output. A missing certificate may indicate that MDM enrollment certificate provisioning or SCEP certificate deployment failed.",
   "severity": "warning",
   "category": "identity",
+  "author": "Community",
   "isCommunity": true,
   "enabled": false,
   "evaluateOn": [

rules/analyze/ANALYZE-OFFICE-001.json

@@ -2,10 +2,10 @@
   "$schema": "../schema/analyze-rule.schema.json",
   "ruleId": "ANALYZE-OFFICE-001",
   "title": "Microsoft 365 Apps Install Failed",
-  "description": "Detects when the Microsoft 365 Apps (Office Click-to-Run) background install did not reach completion. The V2 OfficeInstallDetector watches the C2R client directly (registry + process) and emits office_install_failed when the install scenario was abandoned (worker gone and streaming never finished) or a C2R failure code was observed. This catches Office failures that the Intune integrated app type hides, because IME reports the app done within 1-2 minutes while C2R keeps installing in the background.",
+  "description": "Detects when the Microsoft 365 Apps (Office Click-to-Run) install failed. The V2 OfficeInstallDetector watches the C2R client directly (registry, Delivery Optimization, process) and emits office_install_failed when the C2R INSTALL scenario records an error code. Completion is proven by the core Office binaries on disk; an install window that closes without that proof ends silently, never as a failure. This catches Office failures the deployment status hides: the Intune built-in app type is marked done once the configuration is delivered, and a Win32 or RealmJoin package once its installer exits, while C2R keeps installing in the background.",
   "severity": "warning",
   "category": "apps",
-  "version": "1.1.0",
+  "version": "1.1.1",
   "enabled": true,
   "evaluateOn": [
     "enrollment_end",
@@ -39,12 +39,12 @@
     }
   ],
   "confidenceThreshold": 40,
-  "explanation": "The Microsoft 365 Apps (Office Click-to-Run) install did not finish.\n\nThe OfficeInstallDetector watches the C2R client directly and reports the real background install lifecycle. The Intune \"integrated\" Microsoft 365 Apps app type only pushes the configuration XML and starts the C2R bootstrapper, so IME marks the app done within 1-2 minutes while C2R keeps streaming and laying down the product for several more minutes. This event means C2R activity ended (the OfficeC2RClient worker exited and the install scenario cleared) without the StreamingFinished flag being set, or a C2R failure code was observed.\n\nReview the office_install_failed event payload: `products`, `channel`, `phase`, `streamingFinished`, `errorCode` (best-effort — may be empty) and `durationSeconds`.",
+  "explanation": "The Microsoft 365 Apps (Office Click-to-Run) install failed.\n\nThe OfficeInstallDetector watches the C2R client directly and reports the real install lifecycle, however it was started. The Intune built-in Microsoft 365 Apps app type delivers the configuration through the Office CSP and lets the device start C2R; a Win32 or RealmJoin package runs the Office Deployment Tool. Either way the deployment is marked done before C2R has finished laying down the product. This event means C2R recorded an error code in its INSTALL scenario before the core Office apps were on disk.\n\nReview the office_install_failed event payload: `products`, `channel`, `errorCode`, `errorSource` (the C2R registry value that carried the code) and `durationSeconds`.",
   "remediation": [
     {
       "title": "Investigate the Office C2R install failure",
       "steps": [
-        "Open the office_install_failed event and review products, channel, phase, streamingFinished and errorCode",
+        "Open the office_install_failed event and review products, channel, errorCode and errorSource",
         "Check the Click-to-Run logs on the device (%windir%\\Temp and %temp%, files named <MachineName>-yyyymmdd-nnnn.log) for the failing operation",
         "Verify the device had network reachability to the Office CDN / Microsoft Connected Cache during the enrollment window",
         "Confirm the Intune Microsoft 365 Apps app configuration (products, channel, architecture) matches what the device can install",

rules/dist/analyze-rules.json

@@ -2496,11 +2496,11 @@
     },
     {
       "ruleId": "ANALYZE-ESP-004",
-      "title": "ESP Timeout with 'Continue Anyway' (Soft Failure)",
-      "description": "Detects an ESP terminal failure on a profile that allows 'Continue anyway'. The enrollment is reported as failed, but the user most likely dismissed the error screen and reached the desktop — a soft failure rather than an unusable device.",
+      "title": "ESP Gave Up on a Blocking App with 'Continue Anyway' (Soft Failure)",
+      "description": "Detects an ESP terminal failure where the ESP gave up while a blocking app was still installing (the agent's own esp_apps_timeout verdict — no per-app HRESULT was reported) on a profile that allows 'Continue anyway'. The enrollment is reported as failed, but the user most likely dismissed the error screen and reached the desktop — a soft failure rather than an unusable device. An ESP failure that carries a specific error code (a failed installer, a detection mismatch) is a different case and stays with the rule that explains that code.",
       "severity": "warning",
       "category": "esp",
-      "version": "1.0.1",
+      "version": "1.1.0",
       "enabled": true,
       "baseConfidence": 80,
       "conditions": [
@@ -2521,6 +2521,27 @@
           "value": "true",
           "required": true
         },
+        {
+          "signal": "esp_gave_up_on_app",
+          "source": "event_type",
+          "eventType": "app_install_failed",
+          "dataField": "failureType",
+          "operator": "equals",
+          "value": "esp_apps_timeout",
+          "required": true
+        },
+        {
+          "signal": "appName",
+          "source": "event_data",
+          "eventType": "app_install_failed",
+          "dataField": "appName",
+          "operator": "exists",
+          "value": "",
+          "filterField": "failureType",
+          "filterOperator": "equals",
+          "filterValue": "esp_apps_timeout",
+          "required": false
+        },
         {
           "signal": "espSyncFailureTimeoutMinutes",
           "source": "event_type",
@@ -2533,38 +2554,29 @@
         {
           "signal": "failedSubcategory",
           "source": "event_type",
-          "eventType": "enrollment_failed",
+          "eventType": "esp_failure_settle_started",
           "dataField": "failedSubcategory",
           "operator": "exists",
           "value": "",
           "required": false
-        },
-        {
-          "signal": "appName",
-          "source": "event_type",
-          "eventType": "app_install_failed",
-          "dataField": "appName",
-          "operator": "exists",
-          "value": "",
-          "required": false
         }
       ],
       "confidenceFactors": [
         {
-          "signal": "appName",
+          "signal": "failedSubcategory",
           "condition": "exists",
           "weight": 10
         }
       ],
-      "explanation": "This enrollment was reported as **failed** because the Enrollment Status Page reached its configured terminal timeout (`{{espSyncFailureTimeoutMinutes}} min`) before all blocking items finished. The ESP profile, however, allows **'Continue anyway'** — so the user most likely dismissed the error screen and reached the desktop with a working, though not fully provisioned, device.\n\nThe agent only observes the ESP terminal failure on the device side; it cannot see what the user did after the failure screen. Treat this as a **soft failure**: the device may well be in productive use, while at least one blocking item (`{{failedSubcategory}}` subcategory / app `{{appName}}`) did not complete inside the ESP window.\n\nA cluster of these across a tenant almost always points at one slow blocking app holding the whole fleet at the ESP timeout wall, not at broken devices. Any field still shown as a literal `{{…}}` placeholder was simply not recorded for this session (e.g. a certificate-only failure has no failed app).",
+      "explanation": "This enrollment was reported as **failed** because the Enrollment Status Page gave up while the blocking app **{{appName}}** was still installing — the agent recorded no per-app error code, only that the app never finished inside the ESP window (the profile's configured limit is `{{espSyncFailureTimeoutMinutes}} min`; the ESP may have stopped earlier than that). The ESP profile, however, allows **'Continue anyway'** — so the user most likely dismissed the error screen and reached the desktop with a working, though not fully provisioned, device.\n\nThe agent only observes the ESP terminal failure on the device side; it cannot see what the user did after the failure screen. Treat this as a **soft failure**: the device may well be in productive use, while the `{{failedSubcategory}}` subcategory did not complete inside the ESP window.\n\nA cluster of these across a tenant almost always points at one slow blocking app holding the whole fleet at the ESP limit, not at broken devices. This rule deliberately stays silent when the failed app reported a specific error code — a failed installer or a detection mismatch is explained by the rule for that code, and 'Continue anyway' does not make it a timing problem. Any field still shown as a literal `{{…}}` placeholder was simply not recorded for this session.",
       "remediation": [
         {
           "title": "Relieve ESP pressure so enrollments finish inside the window",
           "steps": [
-            "Identify the slow blocking app (`{{appName}}`) and either remove it from the ESP 'block device use until these required apps are installed' list, or raise the ESP installation timeout (currently {{espSyncFailureTimeoutMinutes}} min).",
-            "If the app legitimately needs longer than the ESP allows, make it non-blocking and let it install after the desktop arrives.",
-            "Verify the app's detection rule matches after install — an app that installs but fails detection times out the ESP on every device (see ANALYZE-APP-013).",
-            "If a subcategory such as Certificates is reported under '{{failedSubcategory}}', confirm the certificate/connector actually delivers — 'Continue anyway' hides a missing certificate, it does not fix it."
+            "Look at how long `{{appName}}` takes on a device that completes: if it legitimately needs longer than the ESP allows, make it non-blocking (remove it from 'block device use until these required apps are installed') and let it install after the desktop arrives.",
+            "If the app must stay blocking, raise the ESP setting 'Show error when installation takes longer than' (configured at {{espSyncFailureTimeoutMinutes}} min) — a limit, not a target; it only helps when the app reliably finishes within the new value.",
+            "Check the app's dependencies and install order: a blocking app waiting on a large dependency download (Delivery Optimization, proxy throughput) is the usual reason it never finishes in time.",
+            "If the ESP reported a non-Apps subcategory under '{{failedSubcategory}}', confirm the certificate/connector actually delivers — 'Continue anyway' hides a missing certificate, it does not fix it."
           ]
         }
       ],
@@ -2794,6 +2806,7 @@
       "description": "Detects when a certificate with the configured subject is missing from the local machine personal store (LocalMachine\\My). Requires the gather rule GATHER-ID-002 (machine cert store inventory) to be enabled — the check runs against its gather_machine_cert_store output. A missing certificate may indicate that MDM enrollment certificate provisioning or SCEP certificate deployment failed.",
       "severity": "warning",
       "category": "identity",
+      "author": "Community",
       "isCommunity": true,
       "enabled": false,
       "evaluateOn": [
@@ -3233,10 +3246,10 @@
     {
       "ruleId": "ANALYZE-OFFICE-001",
       "title": "Microsoft 365 Apps Install Failed",
-      "description": "Detects when the Microsoft 365 Apps (Office Click-to-Run) background install did not reach completion. The V2 OfficeInstallDetector watches the C2R client directly (registry + process) and emits office_install_failed when the install scenario was abandoned (worker gone and streaming never finished) or a C2R failure code was observed. This catches Office failures that the Intune integrated app type hides, because IME reports the app done within 1-2 minutes while C2R keeps installing in the background.",
+      "description": "Detects when the Microsoft 365 Apps (Office Click-to-Run) install failed. The V2 OfficeInstallDetector watches the C2R client directly (registry, Delivery Optimization, process) and emits office_install_failed when the C2R INSTALL scenario records an error code. Completion is proven by the core Office binaries on disk; an install window that closes without that proof ends silently, never as a failure. This catches Office failures the deployment status hides: the Intune built-in app type is marked done once the configuration is delivered, and a Win32 or RealmJoin package once its installer exits, while C2R keeps installing in the background.",
       "severity": "warning",
       "category": "apps",
-      "version": "1.1.0",
+      "version": "1.1.1",
       "enabled": true,
       "evaluateOn": [
         "enrollment_end",
@@ -3270,12 +3283,12 @@
         }
       ],
       "confidenceThreshold": 40,
-      "explanation": "The Microsoft 365 Apps (Office Click-to-Run) install did not finish.\n\nThe OfficeInstallDetector watches the C2R client directly and reports the real background install lifecycle. The Intune \"integrated\" Microsoft 365 Apps app type only pushes the configuration XML and starts the C2R bootstrapper, so IME marks the app done within 1-2 minutes while C2R keeps streaming and laying down the product for several more minutes. This event means C2R activity ended (the OfficeC2RClient worker exited and the install scenario cleared) without the StreamingFinished flag being set, or a C2R failure code was observed.\n\nReview the office_install_failed event payload: `products`, `channel`, `phase`, `streamingFinished`, `errorCode` (best-effort — may be empty) and `durationSeconds`.",
+      "explanation": "The Microsoft 365 Apps (Office Click-to-Run) install failed.\n\nThe OfficeInstallDetector watches the C2R client directly and reports the real install lifecycle, however it was started. The Intune built-in Microsoft 365 Apps app type delivers the configuration through the Office CSP and lets the device start C2R; a Win32 or RealmJoin package runs the Office Deployment Tool. Either way the deployment is marked done before C2R has finished laying down the product. This event means C2R recorded an error code in its INSTALL scenario before the core Office apps were on disk.\n\nReview the office_install_failed event payload: `products`, `channel`, `errorCode`, `errorSource` (the C2R registry value that carried the code) and `durationSeconds`.",
       "remediation": [
         {
           "title": "Investigate the Office C2R install failure",
           "steps": [
-            "Open the office_install_failed event and review products, channel, phase, streamingFinished and errorCode",
+            "Open the office_install_failed event and review products, channel, errorCode and errorSource",
             "Check the Click-to-Run logs on the device (%windir%\\Temp and %temp%, files named <MachineName>-yyyymmdd-nnnn.log) for the failing operation",
             "Verify the device had network reachability to the Office CDN / Microsoft Connected Cache during the enrollment window",
             "Confirm the Intune Microsoft 365 Apps app configuration (products, channel, architecture) matches what the device can install",

rules/dist/ime-log-patterns.json

@@ -34,6 +34,14 @@
       "description": "Captures the exit code of a health-script execution. Feeds the early-signal slot consumed by HS-COMPLIANCE so the user sees the real exit code (not just the inferred 0/1) before HS-NEW-RESULT arrives.",
       "enabled": true
     },
+    {
+      "patternId": "HS-INVOCATION",
+      "category": "always",
+      "pattern": "^\"[^\"]{0,260}\\\\agentexecutor\\.exe\"\\s+-(?<kind>remediationScript)\\s",
+      "action": "agentInvocationArgument",
+      "description": "The IME service's command line for a health-script executor, written by the health-script worker to IntuneManagementExtension.log and HealthScripts.log right before 'Launch powershell executor in ... session'. Opens an invocation that owns nothing, so the launch line the same worker writes next never sets the context of the platform script whose run is in flight in the IME log. The platform-script command line ('-powershell') does not match.",
+      "enabled": true
+    },
     {
       "patternId": "HS-NEW-RESULT",
       "category": "always",
@@ -646,6 +654,22 @@
       "description": "Detects WinGet app installation progress with Operation Phase = Installing (format variant 2).",
       "enabled": true
     },
+    {
+      "patternId": "PS-AGENT-ARG",
+      "category": "always",
+      "pattern": "^Adding argument (?<kind>[A-Za-z0-9]+) with value ",
+      "action": "agentInvocationArgument",
+      "description": "The first argument line of every AgentExecutor.exe invocation (powershell, remediationScript, detectionScript, requirementScript, ...). Opens the invocation that owns the policyId-less exit/output lines following it in AgentExecutor.log; PS-AGENT-SCRIPT-START upgrades a powershell invocation to its platform script. Also keeps the tracker's overwrite check active while the invocation runs.",
+      "enabled": true
+    },
+    {
+      "patternId": "PS-AGENT-COMPLETED",
+      "category": "always",
+      "pattern": "^Agent executor completed\\.",
+      "action": "agentExecutorCompleted",
+      "description": "Last line of an AgentExecutor.exe invocation. Closes the invocation's ownership of the exit/output lines in AgentExecutor.log and triggers the tracker's overwrite check: the executor wrote its end block at its own stream position, which may lie behind the tracker's bookmark when another process appended meanwhile.",
+      "enabled": true
+    },
     {
       "patternId": "PS-AGENT-ERROR",
       "category": "always",
@@ -708,14 +732,6 @@
       "description": "Captures whether a PowerShell script runs in machine (System) or user session context.",
       "enabled": true
     },
-    {
-      "patternId": "PS-SCRIPT-EXITCODE",
-      "category": "always",
-      "pattern": "^Powershell execution is done, exitCode = (?<exitCode>-?\\d+)",
-      "action": "scriptExitCode",
-      "description": "Captures the PowerShell exit code when script execution completes in the IME log.",
-      "enabled": true
-    },
     {
       "patternId": "PS-SCRIPT-GENERATED",
       "category": "always",

rules/guardrails.json

@@ -94,7 +94,11 @@
     "C:\\Windows\\Panther",
     "C:\\Windows\\SetupDiag",
     "C:\\ProgramData\\Microsoft\\DiagnosticLogCSP",
-    "C:\\Windows\\SoftwareDistribution\\ReportingEvents.log"
+    "C:\\Windows\\SoftwareDistribution\\ReportingEvents.log",
+    "C:\\ProgramData\\RealmJoin\\choco\\logs"
+  ],
+  "userProfileFilePrefixes": [
+    "AppData\\Local\\RealmJoin"
   ],
   "wmiQueryPrefixes": [
     "SELECT * FROM Win32_OperatingSystem",
@@ -296,6 +300,7 @@
     "script_completed",
     "script_failed",
     "script_timeout_suspected",
+    "script_recurrence_summary",
     "esp_phase_changed",
     "ime_agent_version",
     "ime_token_failure",

rules/ime-log-patterns/HS-INVOCATION.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "../schema/ime-log-pattern.schema.json",
+  "patternId": "HS-INVOCATION",
+  "category": "always",
+  "pattern": "^\"[^\"]{0,260}\\\\agentexecutor\\.exe\"\\s+-(?<kind>remediationScript)\\s",
+  "action": "agentInvocationArgument",
+  "description": "The IME service's command line for a health-script executor, written by the health-script worker to IntuneManagementExtension.log and HealthScripts.log right before 'Launch powershell executor in ... session'. Opens an invocation that owns nothing, so the launch line the same worker writes next never sets the context of the platform script whose run is in flight in the IME log. The platform-script command line ('-powershell') does not match.",
+  "enabled": true
+}

rules/ime-log-patterns/PS-AGENT-ARG.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "../schema/ime-log-pattern.schema.json",
+  "patternId": "PS-AGENT-ARG",
+  "category": "always",
+  "pattern": "^Adding argument (?<kind>[A-Za-z0-9]+) with value ",
+  "action": "agentInvocationArgument",
+  "description": "The first argument line of every AgentExecutor.exe invocation (powershell, remediationScript, detectionScript, requirementScript, ...). Opens the invocation that owns the policyId-less exit/output lines following it in AgentExecutor.log; PS-AGENT-SCRIPT-START upgrades a powershell invocation to its platform script. Also keeps the tracker's overwrite check active while the invocation runs.",
+  "enabled": true
+}

rules/ime-log-patterns/PS-AGENT-COMPLETED.json

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+{
+  "$schema": "../schema/ime-log-pattern.schema.json",
+  "patternId": "PS-AGENT-COMPLETED",
+  "category": "always",
+  "pattern": "^Agent executor completed\\.",
+  "action": "agentExecutorCompleted",
+  "description": "Last line of an AgentExecutor.exe invocation. Closes the invocation's ownership of the exit/output lines in AgentExecutor.log and triggers the tracker's overwrite check: the executor wrote its end block at its own stream position, which may lie behind the tracker's bookmark when another process appended meanwhile.",
+  "enabled": true
+}

rules/ime-log-patterns/PS-SCRIPT-EXITCODE.json

@@ -1,9 +0,0 @@
-{
-  "$schema": "../schema/ime-log-pattern.schema.json",
-  "patternId": "PS-SCRIPT-EXITCODE",
-  "category": "always",
-  "pattern": "^Powershell execution is done, exitCode = (?<exitCode>-?\\d+)",
-  "action": "scriptExitCode",
-  "description": "Captures the PowerShell exit code when script execution completes in the IME log.",
-  "enabled": true
-}

rules/schema/analyze-rule.schema.json

@@ -190,7 +190,7 @@
         },
         "operator": {
           "type": "string",
-          "description": "Comparison operator.",
+          "description": "Comparison operator. exists/not_exists with a dataField test whether ANY event of the type carries a non-empty value at that field: not_exists matches when no event does — including when the event type is absent altogether — so a rule can gate on a missing field (e.g. an ESP failure without an HRESULT). Without a dataField they test only the presence of the event type.",
           "enum": ["equals", "not_equals", "contains", "not_contains", "regex", "not_regex", "gt", "lt", "gte", "lte", "exists", "not_exists", "count_gte", "count_per_group_gte", "in", "not_in"]
         },
         "value": {

rules/schema/gather-rule.schema.json

@@ -114,6 +114,11 @@
           "description": "Emit behavior: \"always\" (default — emit on every collection) or \"on_change\" (poll on the trigger cadence but emit only when the collected result changes; the first in-scope result always emits).",
           "enum": ["always", "on_change"]
         },
+        "enrichErrorCodes": {
+          "type": "boolean",
+          "description": "Opt-in: let the backend explain error-code fields in this rule's output (exitCode, errorCode, hresult, ...) with the Windows/MSI/Intune error-code catalog, attaching the same *Info siblings built-in events get. Default false because gather-rule codes usually come from third-party logs or commands (HP Image Assistant, Dell Command Update, custom scripts) with their own exit-code numbering, where the catalog meaning would be wrong. Enable only when the parsed source really uses Windows codes (e.g. an msiexec or IME log).",
+          "default": false
+        },
         "outputEventType": {
           "type": "string",
           "description": "EventType for the emitted event (e.g., \"gather_proxy_settings\")."

rules/schema/guardrails.schema.json

@@ -8,6 +8,16 @@
     "$schema": { "type": "string" },
     "registryPrefixes": { "$ref": "#/$defs/categorizedList" },
     "filePrefixes": { "$ref": "#/$defs/stringList" },
+    "userProfileFilePrefixes": {
+      "description": "Folders under the signed-in user's profile that file collectors and diagnostics paths may read, RELATIVE to the profile root (e.g. \"AppData\\\\Local\\\\Vendor\"). Resolved against %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% at match time. Entries outside AppData\\Local / AppData\\Roaming are dropped at load: the C:\\Users hard block never admits them, so this list can only ever narrow what the block's exception already permits.",
+      "type": "array",
+      "items": {
+        "allOf": [
+          { "$ref": "#/$defs/safeString" },
+          { "pattern": "^AppData\\\\(Local|Roaming)(\\\\|$)" }
+        ]
+      }
+    },
     "wmiQueryPrefixes": { "$ref": "#/$defs/stringList" },
     "eventLogChannels": { "$ref": "#/$defs/categorizedList" },
     "blockedEventLogChannels": { "$ref": "#/$defs/stringList" },

rules/schema/ime-log-pattern.schema.json

@@ -71,6 +71,8 @@
             "scriptOutput",
             "scriptCompleted",
             "resetPlatformScriptContext",
+            "agentInvocationArgument",
+            "agentExecutorCompleted",
             "healthScriptResult",
             "healthScriptDetectionResult",
             "captureExitCode",

rules/scripts/.npmrc

@@ -0,0 +1,3 @@
+# ajv-cli declares ts-node as a peer dependency it never needs for JSON schemas; do not
+# pull ts-node + typescript into a job that pushes to main.
+legacy-peer-deps=true

rules/scripts/combine.js

@@ -208,6 +208,14 @@ export const ALLOWED_FILE_PREFIXES: readonly string[] = [
 ${flatArray(guardrails.filePrefixes)}
 ];
 
+// Folders under the signed-in user's profile, RELATIVE to the profile root. The agent
+// resolves %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% at runtime; the portal validates against a placeholder
+// profile. These cannot live in ALLOWED_FILE_PREFIXES — that list is matched literally
+// against the already-expanded path, where the user name is unknown at authoring time.
+export const USER_PROFILE_FILE_PREFIXES: readonly string[] = [
+${flatArray(guardrails.userProfileFilePrefixes ?? [])}
+];
+
 export const ALLOWED_WMI_QUERY_PREFIXES: readonly string[] = [
 ${flatArray(guardrails.wmiQueryPrefixes)}
 ];

rules/scripts/package-lock.json

@@ -0,0 +1,315 @@
+{
+  "name": "autopilot-monitor-rules-tooling",
+  "lockfileVersion": 3,
+  "requires": true,
+  "packages": {
+    "": {
+      "name": "autopilot-monitor-rules-tooling",
+      "devDependencies": {
+        "ajv-cli": "5.0.0",
+        "ajv-formats": "3.0.1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/ajv": {
+      "version": "8.20.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ajv/-/ajv-8.20.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Thbli+OlOj+iMPYFBVBfJ3OmCAnaSyNn4M1vz9T6Gka5Jt9ba/HIR56joy65tY6kx/FCF5VXNB819Y7/GUrBGA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "fast-deep-equal": "^3.1.3",
+        "fast-uri": "^3.0.1",
+        "json-schema-traverse": "^1.0.0",
+        "require-from-string": "^2.0.2"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "type": "github",
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/epoberezkin"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/ajv-cli": {
+      "version": "5.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ajv-cli/-/ajv-cli-5.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-LY4m6dUv44HTyhV+u2z5uX4EhPYTM38Iv1jdgDJJJCyOOuqB8KtZEGjPZ2T+sh5ZIJrXUfgErYx/j3gLd3+PlQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "ajv": "^8.0.0",
+        "fast-json-patch": "^2.0.0",
+        "glob": "^7.1.0",
+        "js-yaml": "^3.14.0",
+        "json-schema-migrate": "^2.0.0",
+        "json5": "^2.1.3",
+        "minimist": "^1.2.0"
+      },
+      "bin": {
+        "ajv": "dist/index.js"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "ts-node": ">=9.0.0"
+      },
+      "peerDependenciesMeta": {
+        "ts-node": {
+          "optional": true
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/ajv-formats": {
+      "version": "3.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/ajv-formats/-/ajv-formats-3.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-8iUql50EUR+uUcdRQ3HDqa6EVyo3docL8g5WJ3FNcWmu62IbkGUue/pEyLBW8VGKKucTPgqeks4fIU1DA4yowQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "ajv": "^8.0.0"
+      },
+      "peerDependencies": {
+        "ajv": "^8.0.0"
+      },
+      "peerDependenciesMeta": {
+        "ajv": {
+          "optional": true
+        }
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/argparse": {
+      "version": "1.0.10",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/argparse/-/argparse-1.0.10.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-o5Roy6tNG4SL/FOkCAN6RzjiakZS25RLYFrcMttJqbdd8BWrnA+fGz57iN5Pb06pvBGvl5gQ0B48dJlslXvoTg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "sprintf-js": "~1.0.2"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/balanced-match": {
+      "version": "1.0.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/balanced-match/-/balanced-match-1.0.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-3oSeUO0TMV67hN1AmbXsK4yaqU7tjiHlbxRDZOpH0KW9+CeX4bRAaX0Anxt0tx2MrpRpWwQaPwIlISEJhYU5Pw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/brace-expansion": {
+      "version": "1.1.21",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/brace-expansion/-/brace-expansion-1.1.21.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-9zeA+KLZNNzglF2TPKRQEDyx6Yby7daAkuy8MiPzpXPsYDWi/DRM8jmwUDxokQjYqBpv5DgPiwD4h4ZZSy1Ujw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "balanced-match": "^1.0.0",
+        "concat-map": "0.0.1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/concat-map": {
+      "version": "0.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/concat-map/-/concat-map-0.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-/Srv4dswyQNBfohGpz9o6Yb3Gz3SrUDqBH5rTuhGR7ahtlbYKnVxw2bCFMRljaA7EXHaXZ8wsHdodFvbkhKmqg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/esprima": {
+      "version": "4.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/esprima/-/esprima-4.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-eGuFFw7Upda+g4p+QHvnW0RyTX/SVeJBDM/gCtMARO0cLuT2HcEKnTPvhjV6aGeqrCB/sbNop0Kszm0jsaWU4A==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "BSD-2-Clause",
+      "bin": {
+        "esparse": "bin/esparse.js",
+        "esvalidate": "bin/esvalidate.js"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=4"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/fast-deep-equal": {
+      "version": "3.1.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fast-deep-equal/-/fast-deep-equal-3.1.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-f3qQ9oQy9j2AhBe/H9VC91wLmKBCCU/gDOnKNAYG5hswO7BLKj09Hc5HYNz9cGI++xlpDCIgDaitVs03ATR84Q==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/fast-json-patch": {
+      "version": "3.1.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fast-json-patch/-/fast-json-patch-3.1.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-vf6IHUX2SBcA+5/+4883dsIjpBTqmfBjmYiWK1savxQmFk4JfBMLa7ynTYOs1Rolp/T1betJxHiGD3g1Mn8lUQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/fast-uri": {
+      "version": "3.1.8",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fast-uri/-/fast-uri-3.1.8.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-GZMtZUTNRpOVIECoXwLNZS5xUGE+mVNbTB8h/7Rwh2TFWcBQiPzTgyZi05BF9UMZKkLJv8XBRJTlU7zg8+ZfMg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "funding": [
+        {
+          "type": "github",
+          "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/fastify"
+        },
+        {
+          "type": "opencollective",
+          "url": "https://opencollective.com/fastify"
+        }
+      ],
+      "license": "BSD-3-Clause"
+    },
+    "node_modules/fs.realpath": {
+      "version": "1.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/fs.realpath/-/fs.realpath-1.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-OO0pH2lK6a0hZnAdau5ItzHPI6pUlvI7jMVnxUQRtw4owF2wk8lOSabtGDCTP4Ggrg2MbGnWO9X8K1t4+fGMDw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "ISC"
+    },
+    "node_modules/glob": {
+      "version": "7.2.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/glob/-/glob-7.2.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-nFR0zLpU2YCaRxwoCJvL6UvCH2JFyFVIvwTLsIf21AuHlMskA1hhTdk+LlYJtOlYt9v6dvszD2BGRqBL+iQK9Q==",
+      "deprecated": "Old versions of glob are not supported, and contain widely publicized security vulnerabilities, which have been fixed in the current version. Please update. Support for old versions may be purchased (at exorbitant rates) by contacting i@izs.me",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "ISC",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "fs.realpath": "^1.0.0",
+        "inflight": "^1.0.4",
+        "inherits": "2",
+        "minimatch": "^3.1.1",
+        "once": "^1.3.0",
+        "path-is-absolute": "^1.0.0"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": "*"
+      },
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/isaacs"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/inflight": {
+      "version": "1.0.6",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/inflight/-/inflight-1.0.6.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-k92I/b08q4wvFscXCLvqfsHCrjrF7yiXsQuIVvVE7N82W3+aqpzuUdBbfhWcy/FZR3/4IgflMgKLOsvPDrGCJA==",
+      "deprecated": "This module is not supported, and leaks memory. Do not use it. Check out lru-cache if you want a good and tested way to coalesce async requests by a key value, which is much more comprehensive and powerful.",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "ISC",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "once": "^1.3.0",
+        "wrappy": "1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/inherits": {
+      "version": "2.0.4",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/inherits/-/inherits-2.0.4.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-k/vGaX4/Yla3WzyMCvTQOXYeIHvqOKtnqBduzTHpzpQZzAskKMhZ2K+EnBiSM9zGSoIFeMpXKxa4dYeZIQqewQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "ISC"
+    },
+    "node_modules/js-yaml": {
+      "version": "3.15.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/js-yaml/-/js-yaml-3.15.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-6EuL879VkRA+1Cz578mKMiKvjPNEuk6+r1JaFzoSWejZmtf7xWbIyw1e3KkxlkzTIt9Taw6JBhEppG7utc1P+w==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "argparse": "^1.0.7",
+        "esprima": "^4.0.0"
+      },
+      "bin": {
+        "js-yaml": "bin/js-yaml.js"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/json-schema-migrate": {
+      "version": "2.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/json-schema-migrate/-/json-schema-migrate-2.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-r38SVTtojDRp4eD6WsCqiE0eNDt4v1WalBXb9cyZYw9ai5cGtBwzRNWjHzJl38w6TxFkXAIA7h+fyX3tnrAFhQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "ajv": "^8.0.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/json-schema-traverse": {
+      "version": "1.0.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/json-schema-traverse/-/json-schema-traverse-1.0.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-NM8/P9n3XjXhIZn1lLhkFaACTOURQXjWhV4BA/RnOv8xvgqtqpAX9IO4mRQxSx1Rlo4tqzeqb0sOlruaOy3dug==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT"
+    },
+    "node_modules/json5": {
+      "version": "2.2.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/json5/-/json5-2.2.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-XmOWe7eyHYH14cLdVPoyg+GOH3rYX++KpzrylJwSW98t3Nk+U8XOl8FWKOgwtzdb8lXGf6zYwDUzeHMWfxasyg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "bin": {
+        "json5": "lib/cli.js"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=6"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/minimatch": {
+      "version": "3.1.5",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minimatch/-/minimatch-3.1.5.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-VgjWUsnnT6n+NUk6eZq77zeFdpW2LWDzP6zFGrCbHXiYNul5Dzqk2HHQ5uFH2DNW5Xbp8+jVzaeNt94ssEEl4w==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "ISC",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "brace-expansion": "^1.1.7"
+      },
+      "engines": {
+        "node": "*"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/minimist": {
+      "version": "1.2.8",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/minimist/-/minimist-1.2.8.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-2yyAR8qBkN3YuheJanUpWC5U3bb5osDywNB8RzDVlDwDHbocAJveqqj1u8+SVD7jkWT4yvsHCpWqqWqAxb0zCA==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "funding": {
+        "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/ljharb"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/once": {
+      "version": "1.4.0",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/once/-/once-1.4.0.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-lNaJgI+2Q5URQBkccEKHTQOPaXdUxnZZElQTZY0MFUAuaEqe1E+Nyvgdz/aIyNi6Z9MzO5dv1H8n58/GELp3+w==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "ISC",
+      "dependencies": {
+        "wrappy": "1"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/path-is-absolute": {
+      "version": "1.0.1",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/path-is-absolute/-/path-is-absolute-1.0.1.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-AVbw3UJ2e9bq64vSaS9Am0fje1Pa8pbGqTTsmXfaIiMpnr5DlDhfJOuLj9Sf95ZPVDAUerDfEk88MPmPe7UCQg==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=0.10.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/require-from-string": {
+      "version": "2.0.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/require-from-string/-/require-from-string-2.0.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-Xf0nWe6RseziFMu+Ap9biiUbmplq6S9/p+7w7YXP/JBHhrUDDUhwa+vANyubuqfZWTveU//DYVGsDG7RKL/vEw==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "MIT",
+      "engines": {
+        "node": ">=0.10.0"
+      }
+    },
+    "node_modules/sprintf-js": {
+      "version": "1.0.3",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/sprintf-js/-/sprintf-js-1.0.3.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-D9cPgkvLlV3t3IzL0D0YLvGA9Ahk4PcvVwUbN0dSGr1aP0Nrt4AEnTUbuGvquEC0mA64Gqt1fzirlRs5ibXx8g==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "BSD-3-Clause"
+    },
+    "node_modules/wrappy": {
+      "version": "1.0.2",
+      "resolved": "https://registry.npmjs.org/wrappy/-/wrappy-1.0.2.tgz",
+      "integrity": "sha512-l4Sp/DRseor9wL6EvV2+TuQn63dMkPjZ/sp9XkghTEbV9KlPS1xUsZ3u7/IQO4wxtcFB4bgpQPRcR3QCvezPcQ==",
+      "dev": true,
+      "license": "ISC"
+    }
+  }
+}

rules/scripts/package.json

@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+{
+  "name": "autopilot-monitor-rules-tooling",
+  "private": true,
+  "description": "Validator tooling for rules/ - combine-rules.yml installs from the lockfile so nothing unpinned reaches a job that pushes to main.",
+  "devDependencies": {
+    "ajv-cli": "5.0.0",
+    "ajv-formats": "3.0.1"
+  },
+  "overrides": {
+    "fast-json-patch": "3.1.1"
+  }
+}

scripts/Bootstrap/Install-AutopilotMonitor.Tests.ps1

@@ -14,6 +14,22 @@
 BeforeAll {
     . (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot 'Install-AutopilotMonitor.ps1')
 
+    function New-FakeSignature {
+        param([string]$Status, [string]$Subject)
+        $cert = if ($Subject) {
+            [pscustomobject]@{ Subject = $Subject; Thumbprint = '0123456789ABCDEF' }
+        } else { $null }
+        return [pscustomobject]@{ Status = $Status; SignerCertificate = $cert }
+    }
+
+    function New-FakePayload {
+        param([string[]]$Files)
+        $dir = Join-Path $TestDrive ([guid]::NewGuid().ToString())
+        New-Item -ItemType Directory -Path $dir -Force | Out-Null
+        foreach ($f in $Files) { Set-Content -Path (Join-Path $dir $f) -Value 'x' }
+        return $dir
+    }
+
     function New-FakeProfile {
         param([string]$Name, [double]$AgeMinutes)
         $p = Join-Path $TestDrive $Name
@@ -305,3 +321,93 @@ Describe 'logging purity' {
         Get-Content $LogFile -Raw | Should -Match 'SKIP: Agent was previously deployed'
     }
 }
+
+Describe 'Get-UnverifiedAgentBinaries' {
+    # The publisher gate on the extracted payload. What matters is the DECISION: which
+    # payload is accepted, which is refused, and which files are looked at at all.
+    BeforeEach {
+        Mock Write-Log { }
+        $script:ours = 'CN=glueckkanja AG, O=glueckkanja AG, C=DE'
+    }
+
+    It 'accepts a payload where every binary of ours is validly signed by us' {
+        $dir = New-FakePayload -Files @('AutopilotMonitor.Agent.exe', 'AutopilotMonitor.Shared.dll')
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature { New-FakeSignature -Status 'Valid' -Subject $script:ours }
+        Get-UnverifiedAgentBinaries -Path $dir | Should -BeNullOrEmpty
+    }
+
+    It 'checks the binaries we author and leaves third-party assemblies alone' {
+        $dir = New-FakePayload -Files @(
+            'AutopilotMonitor.Agent.exe',
+            'AutopilotMonitor.Agent.exe.config',
+            'AutopilotMonitor.Shared.dll',
+            'Newtonsoft.Json.dll',
+            'System.Management.Automation.dll'
+        )
+        $script:checked = @()
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature {
+            $script:checked += (Split-Path $FilePath -Leaf)
+            New-FakeSignature -Status 'Valid' -Subject $script:ours
+        }
+
+        Get-UnverifiedAgentBinaries -Path $dir | Should -BeNullOrEmpty
+        $script:checked | Should -Be @('AutopilotMonitor.Agent.exe', 'AutopilotMonitor.Shared.dll')
+    }
+
+    It 'refuses an unsigned agent executable' {
+        $dir = New-FakePayload -Files @('AutopilotMonitor.Agent.exe')
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature { New-FakeSignature -Status 'NotSigned' -Subject $null }
+        (Get-UnverifiedAgentBinaries -Path $dir).Count | Should -Be 1
+    }
+
+    It 'refuses a tampered binary (hash mismatch)' {
+        $dir = New-FakePayload -Files @('AutopilotMonitor.Agent.exe')
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature { New-FakeSignature -Status 'HashMismatch' -Subject $script:ours }
+        (Get-UnverifiedAgentBinaries -Path $dir).Count | Should -Be 1
+    }
+
+    It 'refuses a signature whose chain does not validate' {
+        $dir = New-FakePayload -Files @('AutopilotMonitor.Agent.exe')
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature { New-FakeSignature -Status 'UnknownError' -Subject $script:ours }
+        (Get-UnverifiedAgentBinaries -Path $dir).Count | Should -Be 1
+    }
+
+    It 'refuses a validly signed binary from a different publisher' {
+        $dir = New-FakePayload -Files @('AutopilotMonitor.Agent.exe')
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature { New-FakeSignature -Status 'Valid' -Subject 'CN=Somebody Else, O=Somebody Else Ltd, C=US' }
+        (Get-UnverifiedAgentBinaries -Path $dir).Count | Should -Be 1
+    }
+
+    It 'refuses the whole payload when a single DLL of ours is swapped' {
+        $dir = New-FakePayload -Files @('AutopilotMonitor.Agent.exe', 'AutopilotMonitor.Shared.dll')
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature {
+            if ((Split-Path $FilePath -Leaf) -eq 'AutopilotMonitor.Shared.dll') {
+                New-FakeSignature -Status 'Valid' -Subject 'CN=Somebody Else, O=Somebody Else Ltd, C=US'
+            } else {
+                New-FakeSignature -Status 'Valid' -Subject $script:ours
+            }
+        }
+        $rejected = Get-UnverifiedAgentBinaries -Path $dir
+        $rejected.Count | Should -Be 1
+        $rejected[0] | Should -BeLike 'AutopilotMonitor.Shared.dll*'
+    }
+
+    It 'refuses when the signature check itself throws' {
+        $dir = New-FakePayload -Files @('AutopilotMonitor.Agent.exe')
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature { throw 'access denied' }
+        (Get-UnverifiedAgentBinaries -Path $dir).Count | Should -Be 1
+    }
+
+    It 'refuses an empty payload instead of passing it' {
+        $dir = New-FakePayload -Files @('Newtonsoft.Json.dll')
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature { New-FakeSignature -Status 'Valid' -Subject $script:ours }
+        (Get-UnverifiedAgentBinaries -Path $dir).Count | Should -Be 1
+    }
+}
+
+Describe 'publisher pin' {
+    It 'pins the expected publisher by subject, not by thumbprint' {
+        $ExpectedPublisher | Should -Be '*O=glueckkanja AG*'
+        $ExpectedPublisher | Should -Not -Match '^[0-9A-Fa-f]{40}$'
+    }
+}

scripts/Bootstrap/Install-AutopilotMonitor.ps1

@@ -12,8 +12,9 @@
       2. Downloads the monitoring agent ZIP from Azure Blob Storage
       3. Verifies integrity via SHA-256 hash from the version manifest (mandatory)
       4. Extracts the agent into %ProgramData%\AutopilotMonitor\Agent
-      5. Runs the agent in --install mode (registers Scheduled Task, spawns the runtime)
-      6. Verifies the runtime process actually launched
+      5. Verifies the Authenticode signature and publisher of every binary we author
+      6. Runs the agent in --install mode (registers Scheduled Task, spawns the runtime)
+      7. Verifies the runtime process actually launched
     Agent self-destructs when enrollment completes.
 
     Relax flow (guards 2+3): a real user profile (or a real LastLoggedOnUser)
@@ -76,6 +77,11 @@
       PowerShell 5.1 (IME) reads scripts without BOM as ANSI, corrupting multi-byte chars.
 
 .CHANGELOG
+    2026-09-08  v2.5  Publisher gate: every AutopilotMonitor binary in the extracted
+                      payload must carry a valid Authenticode signature from the
+                      expected publisher before --install runs. The SHA-256 manifest
+                      check stays and is unchanged; it proves the bytes, the signature
+                      proves the author.
     2026-08-08  v2.3  Windows 365 Cloud PC support: a positively identified Cloud PC
                       (Windows365 registry key AND CloudManagedDesktopExtension
                       service) now triggers the guard 2+3 relax alongside OOBE
@@ -128,7 +134,12 @@ param(
 )
 
 # Script version (bump on meaningful changes; see .CHANGELOG above)
-$ScriptVersion = "2.4"
+$ScriptVersion = "2.5"
+
+# The publisher every binary we author must carry. A -like pattern on the subject, NOT a
+# thumbprint: certificates are renewed, deployed copies of this script are not. Same value
+# the loader pins for this script.
+$ExpectedPublisher = "*O=glueckkanja AG*"
 
 # Configuration - Everything in ProgramData for easy cleanup
 $AgentBasePath = "$env:ProgramData\AutopilotMonitor"
@@ -329,6 +340,56 @@ function Get-BootstrapDecision {
     return [pscustomobject]@{ Install = $true; ReasonCode = $null; RelaxActive = $relax.Active }
 }
 
+# Returns the list of reasons why the extracted payload is not ours; an empty result means
+# every binary we author carries a valid Authenticode signature from the expected publisher.
+# Third-party assemblies keep their own publisher's signature and are not checked here.
+# Any error is a rejection: an unreadable signature is an unverified binary.
+function Get-UnverifiedAgentBinaries {
+    param([string]$Path)
+
+    $rejected = @()
+    $ourBinaries = @(
+        Get-ChildItem -Path $Path -Filter 'AutopilotMonitor.*' -File -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue |
+            Where-Object { $_.Extension -in @('.exe', '.dll') }
+    )
+
+    # An empty set is a rejection, not a pass: it means the extraction produced nothing we
+    # recognise, and the alternative would be a gate that silently approves an empty folder.
+    # The comma keeps a single rejection an ARRAY: PowerShell unrolls a one-element result to
+    # a bare string, and the caller reads .Count and indexes into it.
+    if ($ourBinaries.Count -eq 0) {
+        return , @("no AutopilotMonitor binaries found in $Path")
+    }
+
+    foreach ($binary in $ourBinaries) {
+        try {
+            $sig = Get-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath $binary.FullName -ErrorAction Stop
+        }
+        catch {
+            $rejected += "$($binary.Name): signature check failed to run ($($_.Exception.Message))"
+            continue
+        }
+
+        if ($null -eq $sig) {
+            $rejected += "$($binary.Name): signature check returned nothing"
+            continue
+        }
+
+        $subject = if ($sig.SignerCertificate) { $sig.SignerCertificate.Subject } else { '<unsigned>' }
+
+        if ($sig.Status -ne 'Valid') {
+            $rejected += "$($binary.Name): signature status $($sig.Status)"
+            continue
+        }
+        if ($subject -notlike $ExpectedPublisher) {
+            $rejected += "$($binary.Name): unexpected publisher $subject"
+            continue
+        }
+    }
+
+    return , $rejected
+}
+
 # Main bootstrap flow. Only invoked when the script is run directly (see entry guard
 # at the bottom); never on dot-source.
 function Invoke-Bootstrap {
@@ -445,6 +506,20 @@ function Invoke-Bootstrap {
             }
         }
 
+        # Publisher gate. The SHA-256 above proves the ZIP is the one the manifest names, but
+        # that manifest lives in the same container as the ZIP and cannot outlive a compromise
+        # of the download host. The expected publisher travels inside THIS script, which the
+        # loader verified before running it, so the chain from the file an administrator
+        # assigns to the process that starts here stays publisher-anchored end to end.
+        # Fail-closed, exactly like the hash check: running unverified code as SYSTEM is the
+        # risk being removed.
+        Write-Log "Verifying Authenticode signatures of the agent binaries..."
+        $unverified = Get-UnverifiedAgentBinaries -Path $AgentBinPath
+        if ($unverified.Count -gt 0) {
+            throw "Authenticode verification FAILED ($($unverified -join '; ')). Refusing to run an agent that is not signed by the expected publisher."
+        }
+        Write-Log "Authenticode verification passed (publisher pin: $ExpectedPublisher)"
+
         Write-Log "Calling agent install mode (--install)..."
         & $agentExePath --install
         $installExitCode = $LASTEXITCODE

scripts/Bootstrap/Start-AutopilotMonitor.Tests.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+# Pester tests (Pester 5+) for the stage-1 loader Start-AutopilotMonitor.ps1.
+#
+# The script under test is dot-sourced; its entry guard prevents the loader from
+# executing, so loading it here is side-effect free. Network and signature checks
+# are mocked -- what is verified is the DECISION: what does the loader accept, what
+# does it refuse, and how often does it retry.
+#
+# Run under Windows PowerShell 5.1 to match the IME runtime:
+#   powershell.exe -NoProfile -Command "& { $c = New-PesterConfiguration; $c.Run.Path = 'scripts\Bootstrap'; $c.Output.Verbosity = 'Detailed'; Invoke-Pester -Configuration $c }"
+#
+# This file MUST remain pure ASCII (PS 5.1 reads BOM-less files as ANSI).
+
+BeforeAll {
+    . (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot 'Start-AutopilotMonitor.ps1')
+
+    function New-FakeSignature {
+        param([string]$Status, [string]$Subject)
+        $cert = if ($Subject) {
+            [pscustomobject]@{ Subject = $Subject; Thumbprint = '0123456789ABCDEF' }
+        } else { $null }
+        return [pscustomobject]@{ Status = $Status; SignerCertificate = $cert }
+    }
+}
+
+Describe 'Test-BootstrapSignature' {
+    BeforeEach {
+        Mock Write-Log { }
+    }
+
+    It 'accepts a valid signature from the expected publisher' {
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature { New-FakeSignature -Status 'Valid' -Subject 'CN=glueckkanja AG, O=glueckkanja AG, C=DE' }
+        Test-BootstrapSignature -Path 'TestDrive:\x.ps1' | Should -BeTrue
+    }
+
+    # An EV subject is a line of street address and registration numbers; the log gets the CN.
+    It 'logs the signer CN, not the whole subject' {
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature {
+            New-FakeSignature -Status 'Valid' -Subject 'CN=glueckkanja AG, O=glueckkanja AG, L=Offenbach am Main, C=DE, SERIALNUMBER=HRB 12381'
+        }
+        Test-BootstrapSignature -Path 'TestDrive:\x.ps1' | Should -BeTrue
+        Should -Invoke Write-Log -ParameterFilter { $Message -eq 'Signature status: Valid. Signer: glueckkanja AG' }
+    }
+
+    It 'refuses an unsigned script' {
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature { New-FakeSignature -Status 'NotSigned' -Subject $null }
+        Test-BootstrapSignature -Path 'TestDrive:\x.ps1' | Should -BeFalse
+    }
+
+    It 'refuses a tampered script (hash mismatch)' {
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature { New-FakeSignature -Status 'HashMismatch' -Subject 'CN=glueckkanja AG, O=glueckkanja AG, C=DE' }
+        Test-BootstrapSignature -Path 'TestDrive:\x.ps1' | Should -BeFalse
+    }
+
+    It 'refuses a signature whose chain does not validate' {
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature { New-FakeSignature -Status 'UnknownError' -Subject 'CN=glueckkanja AG, O=glueckkanja AG, C=DE' }
+        Test-BootstrapSignature -Path 'TestDrive:\x.ps1' | Should -BeFalse
+    }
+
+    # The whole point of the pinned publisher: a validly signed script from someone else
+    # is exactly what an attacker with any code-signing certificate can produce.
+    It 'refuses a valid signature from a different publisher' {
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature { New-FakeSignature -Status 'Valid' -Subject 'CN=Somebody Else, O=Somebody Else Ltd, C=US' }
+        Test-BootstrapSignature -Path 'TestDrive:\x.ps1' | Should -BeFalse
+    }
+
+    It 'refuses when the signature check itself fails' {
+        Mock Get-AuthenticodeSignature { throw 'file not found' }
+        Test-BootstrapSignature -Path 'TestDrive:\x.ps1' | Should -BeFalse
+    }
+}
+
+Describe 'Get-VerifiedBootstrapScript' {
+    BeforeEach {
+        Mock Write-Log { }
+        Mock Start-Sleep { }
+        Mock Invoke-WebRequest { }
+    }
+
+    It 'returns after the first attempt when the download verifies' {
+        Mock Test-BootstrapSignature { $true }
+        Get-VerifiedBootstrapScript -Url 'https://example.invalid/s.ps1' -Destination 'TestDrive:\s.ps1' | Should -BeTrue
+        Should -Invoke Invoke-WebRequest -Times 1 -Exactly
+    }
+
+    It 'gives up after three attempts when verification keeps failing' {
+        Mock Test-BootstrapSignature { $false }
+        Get-VerifiedBootstrapScript -Url 'https://example.invalid/s.ps1' -Destination 'TestDrive:\s.ps1' | Should -BeFalse
+        Should -Invoke Invoke-WebRequest -Times 3 -Exactly
+    }
+
+    # A truncated or proxy-mangled body fails verification, so the retry has to cover the
+    # download AND the check, not just the transport.
+    It 'retries a failed verification and accepts a later attempt' {
+        $script:calls = 0
+        Mock Test-BootstrapSignature { $script:calls++; return ($script:calls -ge 2) }
+        Get-VerifiedBootstrapScript -Url 'https://example.invalid/s.ps1' -Destination 'TestDrive:\s.ps1' | Should -BeTrue
+        Should -Invoke Invoke-WebRequest -Times 2 -Exactly
+    }
+
+    It 'retries a transport failure' {
+        $script:downloads = 0
+        Mock Invoke-WebRequest { $script:downloads++; if ($script:downloads -eq 1) { throw 'connection reset' } }
+        Mock Test-BootstrapSignature { $true }
+        Get-VerifiedBootstrapScript -Url 'https://example.invalid/s.ps1' -Destination 'TestDrive:\s.ps1' | Should -BeTrue
+        Should -Invoke Invoke-WebRequest -Times 2 -Exactly
+    }
+
+    It 'never executes anything when no attempt verifies' {
+        Mock Test-BootstrapSignature { $false }
+        Get-VerifiedBootstrapScript -Url 'https://example.invalid/s.ps1' -Destination 'TestDrive:\s.ps1' | Should -BeFalse
+    }
+}
+
+Describe 'publish contract' {
+    BeforeAll {
+        $script:loaderText = Get-Content (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot 'Start-AutopilotMonitor.ps1') -Raw
+    }
+
+    # Publish-BootstrapScripts.ps1 renders the -Dev loader by substituting this exact
+    # literal and fails the publish when it is gone. Catching that here means the PR fails
+    # instead of the publish.
+    It 'carries the dev-render anchor the publisher substitutes' {
+        $anchor = '$BootstrapUrl = "https://download.autopilotmonitor.com/agent/Install-AutopilotMonitor.ps1"'
+        $script:loaderText.Contains($anchor) | Should -BeTrue
+    }
+
+    # The publisher parses this to write version.json.loaderVersion and to run the
+    # version-bump guard.
+    It 'declares a parsable ScriptVersion' {
+        $script:loaderText -match '\$ScriptVersion\s*=\s*"([\d\.\-a-zA-Z]+)"' | Should -BeTrue
+    }
+
+    It 'pins the expected publisher by subject, not by thumbprint' {
+        $script:loaderText -match '\$ExpectedPublisher\s*=\s*"\*O=' | Should -BeTrue
+    }
+
+    # The bootstrap MSI installs this same file and runs it with -LogFileName so the delivery
+    # channel stays visible in a diagnostics package. Renaming the parameter on either side
+    # would leave the MSI channel silently logging under the wrong name.
+    It 'keeps the -LogFileName contract the bootstrap MSI relies on' {
+        $script:loaderText -match '\[string\]\$LogFileName' | Should -BeTrue
+
+        $wxs = Get-Content (Join-Path $PSScriptRoot '..\..\src\Agent\AutopilotMonitor.BootstrapMsi\Package.wxs') -Raw
+        $wxs.Contains('[INSTALLFOLDER]Start-AutopilotMonitor.ps1') | Should -BeTrue
+        $wxs.Contains('-LogFileName bootstrap-msi.log') | Should -BeTrue
+    }
+}

scripts/Bootstrap/Start-AutopilotMonitor.ps1

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+<#
+.SYNOPSIS
+    Stage 1 of the Autopilot Monitor bootstrap: fetches the current installer and runs it.
+
+.DESCRIPTION
+    This is the file an administrator assigns in Intune, and the same file the bootstrap MSI
+    installs and runs -- one implementation for both delivery channels; the MSI is only the
+    packaging. It carries no enrollment logic at all: it downloads the published
+    Install-AutopilotMonitor.ps1, proves that it was signed by Autopilot Monitor, and runs it
+    in this process.
+
+    Why two stages: the installer holds every guard, relax rule and download path, and those
+    change. Whoever assigns the installer directly has to replace their Intune copy each
+    time; whoever assigns this loader never does, because the part that changes lives on the
+    server. Assigning the installer directly stays supported and unchanged.
+
+    This file is deliberately boring. It is the one piece that cannot be fixed remotely, so
+    it does the least it can: download, verify, invoke, log.
+
+    Verification is by Authenticode publisher, not by hash. A hash oracle would have to be
+    fetched from the same host as the script itself, so it could not survive a compromise of
+    that host, while the expected publisher below travels with this file. It pins the
+    certificate SUBJECT and not a thumbprint, so a certificate renewal does not brick a
+    loader that is already deployed on devices.
+
+    Fail-soft: the loader always exits 0 and never throws into the caller. A device that
+    cannot reach the download endpoint is a device without monitoring, never a failed
+    enrollment step. Verification failures are the same: nothing runs, and the reason is in
+    the log. Refusing to execute unverified code as SYSTEM is the point of this file.
+
+    This file MUST remain pure ASCII (PS 5.1 reads BOM-less files as ANSI).
+
+.PARAMETER BootstrapUrl
+    Installer URL. Defaults to the published stable installer; the -Dev variant of this
+    loader is rendered from that default at publish time.
+
+.PARAMETER LogFileName
+    Log file inside the agent log directory. The MSI channel passes bootstrap-msi.log so the
+    delivery channel stays visible in a diagnostics package; the diag tooling keys on these
+    names, so do not rename them.
+
+.PARAMETER BootstrapArguments
+    Everything else is passed through to the installer unchanged, so any parameter the
+    installer accepts can be set here without this file knowing about it.
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Start-AutopilotMonitor.ps1
+
+.EXAMPLE
+    .\Start-AutopilotMonitor.ps1 -MaxBootstrapWindowHours 24
+
+.NOTES
+    Author  : Oliver Kieselbach (autopilotmonitor.com)
+    Runtime : Windows PowerShell 5.1, SYSTEM context, during Autopilot enrollment
+
+.CHANGELOG
+    2026-09-08  v1.2  Log the signer CN instead of the full EV subject; the full subject is
+                      logged only when the publisher is why a script was rejected.
+    2026-09-08  v1.1  Also used by the bootstrap MSI, which replaced its own copy of this
+                      logic; -LogFileName keeps the channel visible in diagnostics.
+    2026-09-08  v1.0  Initial version: two-stage bootstrap, publisher-pinned verification.
+#>
+
+[CmdletBinding()]
+param(
+    [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)]
+    [string]$BootstrapUrl = "https://download.autopilotmonitor.com/agent/Install-AutopilotMonitor.ps1",
+
+    [Parameter(Mandatory = $false)]
+    [ValidatePattern('^[A-Za-z0-9._-]+$')]
+    [string]$LogFileName = "bootstrap-loader.log",
+
+    [Parameter(Mandatory = $false, ValueFromRemainingArguments = $true)]
+    [string[]]$BootstrapArguments
+)
+
+# Script version (bump on meaningful changes; see .CHANGELOG above)
+$ScriptVersion = "1.2"
+
+# The publisher every downloaded stage-2 script must carry. A -like pattern on the subject,
+# NOT a thumbprint: certificates are renewed, deployed loaders are not.
+$ExpectedPublisher = "*O=glueckkanja AG*"
+
+$LoaderBasePath = "$env:ProgramData\AutopilotMonitor"
+$LoaderLogPath  = "$LoaderBasePath\Logs"
+$LogFile        = "$LoaderLogPath\$LogFileName"
+$BootstrapPath  = "$LoaderBasePath\Install-AutopilotMonitor.ps1"
+
+$DownloadAttempts = 3
+$RetryDelaySeconds = 10
+
+# Write-Host as well as the file: the Intune script output is what an administrator sees in
+# the portal, the file is what a support case reads.
+function Write-Log {
+    param([string]$Message)
+    $timestamp = Get-Date -Format "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
+    $logMessage = "[$timestamp] $Message"
+    Write-Host $logMessage
+    Add-Content -Path $LogFile -Value $logMessage -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue
+}
+
+# True only when the file is signed, the signature validates against the machine's trust
+# chain, and the signer is us. Any error is a false -- an unreadable signature is an
+# unverified script.
+function Test-BootstrapSignature {
+    param([string]$Path)
+
+    try {
+        $sig = Get-AuthenticodeSignature -FilePath $Path -ErrorAction Stop
+    }
+    catch {
+        Write-Log "Signature check failed to run: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+        return $false
+    }
+
+    if ($null -eq $sig) {
+        Write-Log "Signature check returned nothing."
+        return $false
+    }
+
+    # The full subject of an EV certificate is a line of street address and registration
+    # numbers. The CN answers the only question the log has to answer; the full subject is
+    # logged when it is the reason for a rejection.
+    $subject = if ($sig.SignerCertificate) { $sig.SignerCertificate.Subject } else { "<unsigned>" }
+    $signer = if ($subject -match 'CN=([^,]+)') { $Matches[1] } else { $subject }
+    Write-Log "Signature status: $($sig.Status). Signer: $signer"
+
+    if ($sig.Status -ne 'Valid') {
+        Write-Log "REJECTED: expected signature status 'Valid'."
+        return $false
+    }
+    if ($subject -notlike $ExpectedPublisher) {
+        Write-Log "REJECTED: signer does not match the expected publisher. Full subject: $subject"
+        return $false
+    }
+
+    Write-Log "Signature accepted (thumbprint $($sig.SignerCertificate.Thumbprint))."
+    return $true
+}
+
+# Downloads the installer and returns $true once a downloaded copy passes verification.
+# Verification lives inside the retry loop on purpose: a truncated or proxy-mangled body
+# fails the signature check, and that is worth another attempt.
+function Get-VerifiedBootstrapScript {
+    param([string]$Url, [string]$Destination)
+
+    for ($attempt = 1; $attempt -le $DownloadAttempts; $attempt++) {
+        try {
+            Write-Log "Download attempt $attempt/$DownloadAttempts from $Url"
+            Invoke-WebRequest -Uri $Url -OutFile $Destination -UseBasicParsing -TimeoutSec 60 -ErrorAction Stop
+
+            if (Test-BootstrapSignature -Path $Destination) {
+                return $true
+            }
+        }
+        catch {
+            Write-Log "Download attempt $attempt failed: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+        }
+
+        if ($attempt -lt $DownloadAttempts) {
+            Start-Sleep -Seconds $RetryDelaySeconds
+        }
+    }
+
+    return $false
+}
+
+# Main flow. Only invoked when the script is run directly (see entry guard at the bottom),
+# so the Pester suite can dot-source this file without bootstrapping anything.
+function Start-BootstrapLoader {
+    New-Item -ItemType Directory -Force -Path $LoaderLogPath -ErrorAction SilentlyContinue | Out-Null
+
+    Write-Log "=== Autopilot Monitor bootstrap loader v$ScriptVersion started (user=$env:USERNAME, pid=$PID) ==="
+
+    # PS 5.1 on an OOBE device still defaults to TLS 1.0 for this process.
+    try {
+        [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol = [Net.ServicePointManager]::SecurityProtocol -bor [Net.SecurityProtocolType]::Tls12
+    }
+    catch {
+        Write-Log "INFO: could not raise the TLS protocol: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+    }
+
+    if (-not (Get-VerifiedBootstrapScript -Url $BootstrapUrl -Destination $BootstrapPath)) {
+        Write-Log "No verified installer available after $DownloadAttempts attempt(s). Nothing was executed."
+        return
+    }
+
+    Write-Log "Executing $BootstrapPath"
+
+    # Same process, so the execution policy this loader runs under applies to stage 2 as
+    # well and no second policy decision can strand the installer. Splatting an array of
+    # remaining arguments keeps this file free of any knowledge about the installer's
+    # parameters.
+    $arguments = @()
+    if ($BootstrapArguments) { $arguments = $BootstrapArguments }
+
+    try {
+        & $BootstrapPath @arguments
+        Write-Log "Installer finished (exit code $LASTEXITCODE)."
+    }
+    catch {
+        Write-Log "Installer threw: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+    }
+}
+
+# Entry guard: dot-sourcing (Pester) loads the functions without running the loader.
+if ($MyInvocation.InvocationName -ne '.') {
+    try {
+        Start-BootstrapLoader
+    }
+    catch {
+        # Nothing above should throw; if it does, it must not become a failed Intune script.
+        Write-Log "Loader failed: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+    }
+    exit 0
+}

scripts/CustomerSetup/Grant-AutopilotMonitorAddOn.ps1

@@ -29,10 +29,9 @@
          Cloud PCs are never Autopilot-registered, so this enables agent monitoring
          of Cloud PC first-connect enrollment)
       - IntuneDeviceBinding     -> DeviceManagementManagedDevices.Read.All
-        (cert-to-device binding: verifies that the Intune device id carried in the
-         agent's client certificate is a device THIS tenant actually enrolled --
-         currently a Global-Admin-only preview that records telemetry and does not
-         block enrollment)
+        (Intune Enrollment Validation: accepts devices enrolled in THIS tenant's
+         Intune, matched by the Intune device id in the agent's client certificate,
+         without Autopilot registration, corporate identifier or device association)
       - All                    -> every optional permission above, in one run
         (also works with -Revoke to remove all optional grants at once)
 
@@ -76,15 +75,17 @@
 .NOTES
     Requires:
       - Microsoft.Graph.Authentication PowerShell module (auto-installs if missing).
-      - Sign-in as Global Administrator OR Privileged Role Administrator OR Cloud Application Administrator.
+      - Sign-in as Global Administrator OR Privileged Role Administrator (with PIM, activate the
+        role first). Only these roles may assign Microsoft Graph application permissions;
+        Application Administrator and Cloud Application Administrator are not enough.
+      - The Autopilot Monitor app must be admin-consented in your tenant first
+        (its service principal must exist before grants can be added).
 
     Sign-in behaviour:
       In Azure Cloud Shell the script signs in via the ambient identity endpoint (a delegated
       token for the already-signed-in user) - no device-code prompt, which Conditional Access
       policies commonly block. Outside Cloud Shell it falls back to a normal interactive
       Microsoft Graph sign-in. -TenantId only applies to the interactive fallback.
-      - The Autopilot Monitor app must be admin-consented in your tenant first
-        (its service principal must exist before grants can be added).
 
     After granting:
       The Autopilot Monitor backend may cache an older token for up to ~1 hour. Use the
@@ -140,6 +141,36 @@ if ($PSCmdlet.ParameterSetName -eq 'ByFeatures') {
 # ---- Constants ----
 $MicrosoftGraphAppId = '00000003-0000-0000-c000-000000000000'
 
+# ---- Graph failure details ----
+# Invoke-MgGraphRequest puts only "Response status code does not indicate success: ..." into the
+# exception message. Graph's own error (code + message) is the response body in ErrorDetails,
+# behind the request line, the status line and the headers. Some headers carry JSON themselves
+# (x-ms-ags-diagnostic), so the body is taken from behind the blank line that ends the headers.
+function Get-GraphFailure {
+    param([System.Management.Automation.ErrorRecord]$ErrorRecord)
+
+    $status = 0
+    if ($ErrorRecord.Exception.PSObject.Properties['Response'] -and $ErrorRecord.Exception.Response) {
+        $status = [int]$ErrorRecord.Exception.Response.StatusCode
+    }
+
+    $text = $ErrorRecord.Exception.Message
+    if ($ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails -and $ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails.Message) {
+        $body = ($ErrorRecord.ErrorDetails.Message -split '\r?\n\r?\n', 2)[-1].Trim()
+        if ($body.StartsWith('{')) {
+            try {
+                $graphError = ($body | ConvertFrom-Json).error
+                if ($graphError.code) { $text = "$($graphError.code): $($graphError.message)" }
+            }
+            catch {
+                # Not a Graph JSON body - keep the exception message.
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    [pscustomobject]@{ Status = $status; Text = $text }
+}
+
 # ---- Pre-flight: module ----
 if (-not (Get-Module -ListAvailable -Name Microsoft.Graph.Authentication)) {
     Write-Host "[Setup] Microsoft.Graph.Authentication not installed. Installing for current user..." -ForegroundColor Yellow
@@ -189,7 +220,7 @@ Write-Host "[Auth] Granted scopes: $($ctx.Scopes -join ', ')"
 # carries a fixed scope set (incl. Directory.AccessAsUser.All) instead of the requested scopes,
 # and its effective rights follow the signed-in user's directory role.
 if (-not $identityConnected -and -not ($ctx.Scopes -contains 'AppRoleAssignment.ReadWrite.All')) {
-    Write-Warning "Scope 'AppRoleAssignment.ReadWrite.All' was NOT granted. The signed-in user likely lacks the required role (Global Admin / Privileged Role Admin / Cloud App Admin)."
+    Write-Warning "Scope 'AppRoleAssignment.ReadWrite.All' was NOT granted. The signed-in user likely lacks the required role (Global Administrator or Privileged Role Administrator)."
     if (-not $VerifyOnly) { return }
 }
 
@@ -263,6 +294,7 @@ $action = if ($Revoke) { 'Revoke' } else { 'Grant' }
 Write-Host "[4/4] $action mode - processing $($Permissions.Count) permission(s)..." -ForegroundColor Cyan
 
 $results = @()
+$graphForbidden = $false
 foreach ($permName in $Permissions) {
     $appRole = $graphSp.appRoles | Where-Object {
         $_.value -eq $permName -and $_.allowedMemberTypes -contains 'Application'
@@ -289,7 +321,9 @@ foreach ($permName in $Permissions) {
                 $results += [pscustomobject]@{ Permission = $permName; Status = 'Revoked' }
             }
             catch {
-                Write-Warning "  [FAIL]  '$permName' revoke failed: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+                $failure = Get-GraphFailure $_
+                if ($failure.Status -eq 403) { $graphForbidden = $true }
+                Write-Warning "  [FAIL]  '$permName' revoke failed: $($failure.Text)"
                 $results += [pscustomobject]@{ Permission = $permName; Status = 'Failed' }
             }
         }
@@ -316,7 +350,9 @@ foreach ($permName in $Permissions) {
             $results += [pscustomobject]@{ Permission = $permName; Status = 'Granted' }
         }
         catch {
-            Write-Warning "  [FAIL]  '$permName' grant failed: $($_.Exception.Message)"
+            $failure = Get-GraphFailure $_
+            if ($failure.Status -eq 403) { $graphForbidden = $true }
+            Write-Warning "  [FAIL]  '$permName' grant failed: $($failure.Text)"
             $results += [pscustomobject]@{ Permission = $permName; Status = 'Failed' }
         }
     }
@@ -325,6 +361,9 @@ foreach ($permName in $Permissions) {
 Write-Host ""
 Write-Host "=========== Summary ===========" -ForegroundColor Cyan
 $results | Format-Table -AutoSize | Out-Host
+if ($graphForbidden) {
+    Write-Warning "Microsoft Graph refused the change (403): the signed-in account may not manage Microsoft Graph application permissions. Sign in as Global Administrator or Privileged Role Administrator (with PIM, activate the role first) and run the script again."
+}
 Write-Host ""
 Write-Host "Note: token-cached backends may need up to ~1h to see the new permission set." -ForegroundColor Yellow
 Write-Host "      Use 'Refresh permission status' in the admin UI to apply changes immediately." -ForegroundColor Yellow

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/EspAndHelloTrackerShellCoreFailureInheritanceTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Logging;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Orchestration;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.SignalAdapters;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Harness;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Orchestration;
+using AutopilotMonitor.DecisionCore.Signals;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Session 683f1eff — a Shell-Core 62407 failure (<c>WhiteGlove_Failed</c>) arrived four
+    /// seconds into the provisioning tracker's 30-s settle window and terminalised the session
+    /// with nothing but its failure type: the HRESULT (0x80070652) and the failed subcategory
+    /// (Apps) the registry had already named never reached the terminal event, the backend
+    /// FailureReason or the termination-time app classification. The coordinator now inherits
+    /// the pending settle detail onto the Shell-Core args and records the terminal-failure
+    /// snapshot from it.
+    /// </summary>
+    public sealed class EspAndHelloTrackerShellCoreFailureInheritanceTests
+    {
+        private static readonly DateTime Fixed = new DateTime(2026, 9, 8, 18, 11, 6, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+
+        private sealed class Fixture : IDisposable
+        {
+            public TempDirectory Tmp { get; } = new TempDirectory();
+            public AgentLogger Logger { get; }
+            public FakeSignalIngressSink Ingress { get; } = new FakeSignalIngressSink();
+            public FakeSignalIngressSink TrackerPostSink { get; } = new FakeSignalIngressSink();
+            public VirtualClock Clock { get; } = new VirtualClock(Fixed);
+            public List<EspFailureDetectedEventArgs> Forwarded { get; } = new List<EspFailureDetectedEventArgs>();
+
+            public Fixture() { Logger = new AgentLogger(Tmp.Path, AgentLogLevel.Debug); }
+
+            public EspAndHelloTracker BuildCoordinator(Func<EspFailureDetectedEventArgs?> pendingProbe)
+            {
+                var coordinator = new EspAndHelloTracker(
+                    sessionId: "S1",
+                    tenantId: "T1",
+                    post: new InformationalEventPost(TrackerPostSink, Clock),
+                    logger: Logger,
+                    skipConfigProbe: () => ((bool?)false, (bool?)false),
+                    accountSetupActivityProbe: () => false,
+                    pendingEspFailureProbe: pendingProbe);
+                coordinator.EspFailureDetected += (_, args) => Forwarded.Add(args);
+                return coordinator;
+            }
+
+            public FakeSignalIngressSink.PostedSignal TerminalSignal() =>
+                Assert.Single(Ingress.Posted, p => p.Kind == DecisionSignalKind.EspTerminalFailure);
+
+            public void Dispose() { Tmp.Dispose(); }
+        }
+
+        private static EspFailureDetectedEventArgs PendingAppsFailure() => new EspFailureDetectedEventArgs(
+            failureType: "Provisioning_DeviceSetup_Apps_Failed",
+            errorCode: "0x80070652",
+            failedSubcategory: "Apps",
+            category: "DeviceSetup",
+            likelyCulpritApps: new[] { "ESP Finalizer US" });
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ShellCore_failure_inside_the_settle_window_inherits_the_registry_detail()
+        {
+            using var f = new Fixture();
+            using var coordinator = f.BuildCoordinator(PendingAppsFailure);
+            using var adapter = new EspAndHelloTrackerAdapter(coordinator, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            coordinator.TriggerShellCoreEspFailureForTest("WhiteGlove_Failed");
+
+            var args = Assert.Single(f.Forwarded);
+            Assert.Equal("WhiteGlove_Failed", args.FailureType);   // the signal that terminalised
+            Assert.Equal("0x80070652", args.ErrorCode);
+            Assert.Equal("Apps", args.FailedSubcategory);
+            Assert.Equal("DeviceSetup", args.Category);
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { "ESP Finalizer US" }, args.LikelyCulpritApps);
+
+            // Wire-through: the EspTerminalFailure signal payload carries the detail the
+            // DecisionEngine copies onto enrollment_failed.
+            var signal = f.TerminalSignal();
+            Assert.Equal("WhiteGlove_Failed", signal.Payload!["failureType"]);
+            Assert.Equal("0x80070652", signal.Payload["errorCode"]);
+            Assert.Equal("Apps", signal.Payload["failedSubcategory"]);
+            Assert.Equal("DeviceSetup", signal.Payload["category"]);
+            Assert.Equal("ESP Finalizer US", signal.Payload["likelyCulpritApps"]);
+
+            // Termination-time classification reads the same context.
+            Assert.NotNull(coordinator.LastEspTerminalFailure);
+            Assert.Equal("0x80070652", coordinator.LastEspTerminalFailure.ErrorCode);
+            Assert.True(coordinator.LastEspTerminalFailure.IsAppsSubcategory);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ShellCore_failure_without_a_pending_window_stays_bare()
+        {
+            using var f = new Fixture();
+            using var coordinator = f.BuildCoordinator(() => null);
+            using var adapter = new EspAndHelloTrackerAdapter(coordinator, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            coordinator.TriggerShellCoreEspFailureForTest("ESPProgress_Timeout");
+
+            var args = Assert.Single(f.Forwarded);
+            Assert.Equal("ESPProgress_Timeout", args.FailureType);
+            Assert.Null(args.ErrorCode);
+            Assert.Null(args.FailedSubcategory);
+            Assert.Null(args.Category);
+            Assert.Empty(args.LikelyCulpritApps);
+            Assert.Null(coordinator.LastEspTerminalFailure);
+
+            var signal = f.TerminalSignal();
+            Assert.False(signal.Payload!.ContainsKey("errorCode"));
+            Assert.False(signal.Payload.ContainsKey("failedSubcategory"));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void A_throwing_probe_degrades_to_the_bare_failure()
+        {
+            using var f = new Fixture();
+            using var coordinator = f.BuildCoordinator(() => throw new InvalidOperationException("probe"));
+
+            coordinator.TriggerShellCoreEspFailureForTest("WhiteGlove_Failed");
+
+            var args = Assert.Single(f.Forwarded);
+            Assert.Equal("WhiteGlove_Failed", args.FailureType);
+            Assert.Null(args.ErrorCode);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Gather/DiagnosticsPathGuardsTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+using System;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Gather
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// A configured diagnostics entry is resolved to the folder and pattern that get
+    /// enumerated, and the guard judges exactly that folder. The cases below pin the
+    /// property that matters: no spelling of an allowed entry ever selects its parent.
+    /// </summary>
+    public sealed class DiagnosticsPathGuardsTests
+    {
+        private const string TestProfile = @"C:\Users\TestUser";
+
+        private static readonly Func<string, bool> IsDirectory = _ => true;
+        private static readonly Func<string, bool> IsNotDirectory = _ => false;
+
+        private static DiagnosticsPathGuards.CollectionTarget Resolve(
+            string path,
+            bool includeSubfolders = false,
+            bool unrestrictedMode = false,
+            string? userProfilePath = null,
+            Func<string, bool>? directoryExists = null)
+        {
+            Assert.True(DiagnosticsPathGuards.TryResolveCollectionTarget(
+                path, includeSubfolders, unrestrictedMode, userProfilePath!, directoryExists ?? IsDirectory, out var target));
+            return target;
+        }
+
+        private static void AssertRefused(
+            string path,
+            bool unrestrictedMode = false,
+            string? userProfilePath = null,
+            Func<string, bool>? directoryExists = null)
+        {
+            Assert.False(DiagnosticsPathGuards.TryResolveCollectionTarget(
+                path, true, unrestrictedMode, userProfilePath!, directoryExists ?? IsDirectory, out var target));
+            Assert.Null(target);
+        }
+
+        // ------------------------------------------------------------ folder entries
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Windows\Logs")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Windows\Logs\")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Windows\SetupDiag")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\ProgramData\AutopilotMonitor")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\ProgramData\Microsoft\DiagnosticLogCSP")]
+        public void Folder_entry_collects_from_itself_never_from_its_parent(string configured)
+        {
+            var target = Resolve(configured, includeSubfolders: true);
+
+            Assert.Equal(configured.TrimEnd('\\'), target.Folder, ignoreCase: true);
+            Assert.Equal("*", target.Pattern);
+            Assert.True(target.Recurse);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Trailing_separator_means_folder_even_when_the_folder_does_not_exist_yet()
+        {
+            var target = Resolve(@"C:\Windows\Logs\NotThereYet\", directoryExists: IsNotDirectory);
+
+            Assert.Equal(@"C:\Windows\Logs\NotThereYet", target.Folder, ignoreCase: true);
+            Assert.Equal("*", target.Pattern);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Folder_name_with_a_dot_is_still_a_folder()
+        {
+            var target = Resolve(@"C:\Windows\Logs\vendor.v2");
+
+            Assert.Equal(@"C:\Windows\Logs\vendor.v2", target.Folder, ignoreCase: true);
+            Assert.Equal("*", target.Pattern);
+        }
+
+        // ------------------------------------------------------------ wildcard entries
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Wildcard_entry_collects_the_pattern_from_its_validated_parent()
+        {
+            var target = Resolve(@"C:\Windows\Panther\*.log", includeSubfolders: true);
+
+            Assert.Equal(@"C:\Windows\Panther", target.Folder, ignoreCase: true);
+            Assert.Equal("*.log", target.Pattern);
+            Assert.True(target.Recurse);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Wildcard_beside_an_allowlisted_file_is_refused()
+        {
+            // Only ReportingEvents.log is on the allowlist, not the folder it lives in.
+            AssertRefused(@"C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\*.log");
+        }
+
+        // ------------------------------------------------------------ file entries
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void File_entry_never_recurses_because_its_folder_was_not_validated()
+        {
+            var target = Resolve(
+                @"C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution\ReportingEvents.log",
+                includeSubfolders: true,
+                directoryExists: IsNotDirectory);
+
+            Assert.Equal(@"C:\Windows\SoftwareDistribution", target.Folder, ignoreCase: true);
+            Assert.Equal("ReportingEvents.log", target.Pattern);
+            Assert.False(target.Recurse);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Missing_path_without_a_dot_is_one_file_name_not_a_wildcard_on_the_parent()
+        {
+            var target = Resolve(@"C:\Windows\Logs\nodot", includeSubfolders: true, directoryExists: IsNotDirectory);
+
+            Assert.Equal(@"C:\Windows\Logs", target.Folder, ignoreCase: true);
+            Assert.Equal("nodot", target.Pattern);
+            Assert.False(target.Recurse);
+        }
+
+        // ------------------------------------------------------------ refusals
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Windows")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\ProgramData")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\ProgramData\Microsoft")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Windows\Logs\..\System32")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Windows\LogsEvil")]
+        [InlineData("")]
+        public void Paths_outside_the_allowlist_are_refused(string configured)
+        {
+            AssertRefused(configured);
+        }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Users")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Users\TestUser\Documents")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Windows\System32\config")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Windows\System32\config\*")]
+        public void Hard_blocks_hold_in_unrestricted_mode(string configured)
+        {
+            AssertRefused(configured, unrestrictedMode: true);
+        }
+
+        // ------------------------------------------------------------ user-profile token
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Expanded_token_path_outside_AppData_is_refused_even_in_unrestricted_mode()
+        {
+            // The service expands %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% before the guard sees the path; an
+            // unexpanded token is not under C:\Users lexically and used to slip past the block.
+            AssertRefused(TestProfile + @"\Documents", unrestrictedMode: true, userProfilePath: TestProfile);
+            AssertRefused(TestProfile + @"\Documents\*.txt", unrestrictedMode: true, userProfilePath: TestProfile);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Expanded_token_path_on_the_profile_allowlist_is_admitted_in_restricted_mode()
+        {
+            var target = Resolve(
+                TestProfile + @"\AppData\Local\RealmJoin\Logs\*.log",
+                userProfilePath: TestProfile);
+
+            Assert.Equal(TestProfile + @"\AppData\Local\RealmJoin\Logs", target.Folder, ignoreCase: true);
+            Assert.Equal("*.log", target.Pattern);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Profile_path_without_the_token_stays_blocked()
+        {
+            AssertRefused(TestProfile + @"\AppData\Local\RealmJoin\Logs\*.log", userProfilePath: null);
+        }
+
+        // ------------------------------------------------------------ recursion guard
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Users")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Users\TestUser")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Windows\System32\config")]
+        [InlineData(@"C:\Windows\System32\config\RegBack")]
+        public void Recursion_never_enters_a_hard_blocked_subtree_in_unrestricted_mode(string directory)
+        {
+            Assert.False(DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsDirectoryEnterable(directory, unrestrictedMode: true, userProfilePath: null));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Recursion_enters_ordinary_subfolders()
+        {
+            Assert.True(DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsDirectoryEnterable(@"C:\Windows\System32\drivers", unrestrictedMode: true, userProfilePath: null));
+            Assert.True(DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsDirectoryEnterable(@"C:\Windows\Logs\CBS", unrestrictedMode: false, userProfilePath: null));
+            Assert.False(DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsDirectoryEnterable(@"C:\Windows\System32\drivers", unrestrictedMode: false, userProfilePath: null));
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Gather/GatherRuleCollectorGuardTests.cs

@@ -456,5 +456,124 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Gather
 
             SingleSecurityWarning();
         }
+
+        // -------------------------------------------------------------------
+        // %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% exception (userProfilePath overload)
+        //
+        // The token lifts the C:\Users hard block for AppData\Local and
+        // AppData\Roaming — and nothing more. The allowlist still decides,
+        // which is what the cases below pin down: the exception is a gate the
+        // allowlist has to open, never an allowance of its own.
+        // -------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+        private const string TestProfile = @"C:\Users\TestUser";
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void UserProfile_AppDataPath_WithoutAllowlistEntry_IsStillBlocked()
+        {
+            // The lifted hard block alone admits nothing: without a matching
+            // userProfileFilePrefixes entry the path falls through to the
+            // allowlist and is refused there.
+            Assert.False(GatherRuleGuards.IsFilePathAllowed(
+                TestProfile + @"\AppData\Local\UnlistedVendor\app.log",
+                unrestrictedMode: false, userProfilePath: TestProfile));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void UserProfile_OutsideAppData_IsBlockedByTheHardBlock()
+        {
+            foreach (var target in new[] { @"\Desktop\secret.txt", @"\Documents\notes.txt", @"\ntuser.dat" })
+            {
+                Assert.False(GatherRuleGuards.IsFilePathAllowed(
+                    TestProfile + target, unrestrictedMode: false, userProfilePath: TestProfile));
+            }
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void UserProfile_NullProfile_KeepsTheUsersHardBlock()
+        {
+            // No interactive user detected — the exception cannot apply and the
+            // path stays under the plain C:\Users block.
+            Assert.False(GatherRuleGuards.IsFilePathAllowed(
+                @"C:\Users\TestUser\AppData\Local\UnlistedVendor\app.log",
+                unrestrictedMode: false, userProfilePath: null));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void UserProfile_TraversalOutOfAppData_IsBlocked()
+        {
+            // Spelling Documents as a traversal out of AppData must not survive
+            // Path.GetFullPath normalisation.
+            const string traversal = @"C:\Users\TestUser\AppData\Local\..\..\Documents\secret.txt";
+
+            Assert.Equal(@"C:\Users\TestUser\Documents\secret.txt", Path.GetFullPath(traversal));
+            Assert.False(GatherRuleGuards.IsFilePathAllowed(
+                traversal, unrestrictedMode: false, userProfilePath: TestProfile));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void UserProfile_ForeignProfile_IsBlockedEvenUnderAppData()
+        {
+            // The exception is scoped to the DETECTED profile — a rule must not
+            // reach a second user's AppData by spelling the path out.
+            Assert.False(GatherRuleGuards.IsFilePathAllowed(
+                @"C:\Users\OtherUser\AppData\Local\UnlistedVendor\app.log",
+                unrestrictedMode: false, userProfilePath: TestProfile));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void UserProfile_AllowlistedVendorFolder_IsAllowed()
+        {
+            // AppData\Local\RealmJoin is on userProfileFilePrefixes: the file itself, a
+            // subfolder below it, and the folder itself all pass.
+            foreach (var target in new[] { @"\tray.log", @"\Logs\rj.log", "" })
+            {
+                Assert.True(GatherRuleGuards.IsFilePathAllowed(
+                    TestProfile + @"\AppData\Local\RealmJoin" + target,
+                    unrestrictedMode: false, userProfilePath: TestProfile),
+                    $"expected allowed: ...\\RealmJoin{target}");
+            }
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void UserProfile_SiblingOfAnAllowlistedVendorFolder_IsBlocked()
+        {
+            // Segment-bounded: "RealmJoin" must not admit "RealmJoinSomethingElse".
+            Assert.False(GatherRuleGuards.IsFilePathAllowed(
+                TestProfile + @"\AppData\Local\RealmJoinSomethingElse\tray.log",
+                unrestrictedMode: false, userProfilePath: TestProfile));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void UserProfile_AllowlistedVendorFolder_InAForeignProfile_IsBlocked()
+        {
+            // The allowlist is anchored to the DETECTED profile, not to C:\Users\*.
+            Assert.False(GatherRuleGuards.IsFilePathAllowed(
+                @"C:\Users\OtherUser\AppData\Local\RealmJoin\tray.log",
+                unrestrictedMode: false, userProfilePath: TestProfile));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void UserProfile_AllowlistedVendorFolder_WithoutADetectedUser_IsBlocked()
+        {
+            Assert.False(GatherRuleGuards.IsFilePathAllowed(
+                @"C:\Users\TestUser\AppData\Local\RealmJoin\tray.log",
+                unrestrictedMode: false, userProfilePath: null));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void UserProfile_AppDataPath_IsAllowedInUnrestrictedMode()
+        {
+            // Where the exception does bite today: unrestricted mode returns
+            // before the allowlist, so the lifted hard block is the whole story.
+            Assert.True(GatherRuleGuards.IsFilePathAllowed(
+                TestProfile + @"\AppData\Local\UnlistedVendor\app.log",
+                unrestrictedMode: true, userProfilePath: TestProfile));
+
+            // ...but only under AppData — Documents stays blocked even there.
+            Assert.False(GatherRuleGuards.IsFilePathAllowed(
+                TestProfile + @"\Documents\secret.txt",
+                unrestrictedMode: true, userProfilePath: TestProfile));
+        }
     }
 }

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Gather/GatherRuleExecutorEnrichErrorCodesTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,111 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Diagnostics;
+using System.Threading;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Logging;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Harness;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Shared;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Shared.Models;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Gather
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// <see cref="GatherRule.EnrichErrorCodes"/> is an opt-in the backend honours at response time:
+    /// the agent stamps <c>enrichErrorCodes: true</c> into the event data of a rule that set it and
+    /// nothing at all otherwise (the default payload stays as it was).
+    /// </summary>
+    [Collection("SerialThreading")] // startup rules execute on the shared ThreadPool
+    public sealed class GatherRuleExecutorEnrichErrorCodesTests : IDisposable
+    {
+        private readonly TempDirectory _tmp = new TempDirectory();
+        private readonly List<EnrollmentEvent> _events = new List<EnrollmentEvent>();
+        private readonly object _eventsGate = new object();
+        private readonly GatherRuleExecutor _executor;
+
+        private const string AbsentPath =
+            "HKLM\\SOFTWARE\\AutopilotMonitorTests\\DefinitelyAbsent_7e3a1f4b-0000-0000-0000-000000000000";
+
+        public GatherRuleExecutorEnrichErrorCodesTests()
+        {
+            var logger = new AgentLogger(_tmp.Path, AgentLogLevel.Info);
+            _executor = new GatherRuleExecutor(
+                "sess", "tenant",
+                evt => { lock (_eventsGate) _events.Add(evt); },
+                logger)
+            {
+                UnrestrictedMode = true
+            };
+        }
+
+        public void Dispose()
+        {
+            _executor.Dispose();
+            _tmp.Dispose();
+        }
+
+        private EnrollmentEvent SingleEvent()
+        {
+            lock (_eventsGate) return Assert.Single(_events);
+        }
+
+        private bool WaitForEventCount(int count, int timeoutMs = 10000)
+        {
+            var sw = Stopwatch.StartNew();
+            while (sw.ElapsedMilliseconds < timeoutMs)
+            {
+                lock (_eventsGate) if (_events.Count >= count) return true;
+                Thread.Sleep(25);
+            }
+            lock (_eventsGate) return _events.Count >= count;
+        }
+
+        private static GatherRule StartupRule(bool enrichErrorCodes) => new GatherRule
+        {
+            RuleId = "GATHER-EEC-001",
+            Title = "enrich test",
+            CollectorType = "registry",
+            Target = AbsentPath,
+            Trigger = "startup",
+            OutputEventType = "gather_test",
+            Enabled = true,
+            EnrichErrorCodes = enrichErrorCodes,
+        };
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void StampRuleMarkers_AddsMarkerOnlyWhenOptedIn()
+        {
+            var optedIn = new Dictionary<string, object> { ["exitCode"] = "1603" };
+            GatherRuleExecutor.StampRuleMarkers(StartupRule(enrichErrorCodes: true), optedIn);
+            Assert.Equal(true, optedIn[Constants.GatherRuleDataKeys.EnrichErrorCodes]);
+
+            var defaultRule = new Dictionary<string, object> { ["exitCode"] = "1603" };
+            GatherRuleExecutor.StampRuleMarkers(StartupRule(enrichErrorCodes: false), defaultRule);
+            Assert.False(defaultRule.ContainsKey(Constants.GatherRuleDataKeys.EnrichErrorCodes));
+            Assert.Single(defaultRule);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ExecuteRule_StampsMarker_WhenRuleOptsIn()
+        {
+            _executor.UpdateRules(new List<GatherRule> { StartupRule(enrichErrorCodes: true) });
+
+            Assert.True(_executor.WaitForStartupRules(30));
+            Assert.True(WaitForEventCount(1));
+            var evt = SingleEvent();
+            Assert.Equal(GatherRuleExecutor.SourceName, evt.Source);
+            Assert.Equal(true, evt.Data[Constants.GatherRuleDataKeys.EnrichErrorCodes]);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ExecuteRule_LeavesPayloadUnchanged_ByDefault()
+        {
+            _executor.UpdateRules(new List<GatherRule> { StartupRule(enrichErrorCodes: false) });
+
+            Assert.True(_executor.WaitForStartupRules(30));
+            Assert.True(WaitForEventCount(1));
+            Assert.False(SingleEvent().Data.ContainsKey(Constants.GatherRuleDataKeys.EnrichErrorCodes));
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Ime/CmTraceOffsetCalibratorTests.cs

@@ -186,5 +186,20 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             DateTime resolved;
             Assert.False(sut.TryResolveUtc(Source, UtcNow, out resolved));
         }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(3610.39, true, 4)]     // session 4377911b: +1 h on a 10 s script
+        [InlineData(61203.0, true, 68)]    // 17 h on a 3 s script
+        [InlineData(7205.66, true, 8)]     // session cbaed57b: +2 h
+        [InlineData(-3596.0, true, 4)]     // the same error on the start end
+        [InlineData(26.4, false, 0)]       // a run time below one grid step
+        [InlineData(1030.0, false, 1)]     // 17 min 10 s: residual past the tolerance
+        [InlineData(900.0, true, 1)]       // exactly one step — a genuine 15-minute run reads the same, the caller needs mixed provenance too
+        public void A_grid_sized_span_is_the_signature_of_an_offset_error(double seconds, bool onGrid, int expectedSteps)
+        {
+            int steps;
+            Assert.Equal(onGrid, CmTraceOffsetCalibrator.IsOnOffsetGrid(TimeSpan.FromSeconds(seconds), out steps));
+            if (onGrid) Assert.Equal(expectedSteps, steps);
+        }
     }
 }

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Ime/ImeLogTrackerOverwriteRewindTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,537 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Linq;
+using System.Text;
+using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Logging;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Harness;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Shared.Models;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Session 46749560: IME's trace listener writes every log through one FileMode.Append
+    /// stream per process, so a process that resumes logging after another one appended
+    /// overwrites those bytes at its own stale position. The tracker had read the first version
+    /// and never saw the second — 6 of 16 script results and 4 of 16 executor end blocks were
+    /// lost while the final files looked intact. These tests drive that exact write pattern
+    /// (positional overwrite behind the bookmark) against the two multi-writer logs and pin the
+    /// contract: unchanged bytes never rewind, changed bytes are processed exactly once, and the
+    /// executor lines a rewind uncovers belong to the invocation that owns their file position.
+    /// </summary>
+    public sealed class ImeLogTrackerOverwriteRewindTests
+    {
+        private static readonly DateTime T0 = new DateTime(2026, 9, 10, 19, 30, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+
+        private static List<ImeLogPattern> MarkerPatterns() => new List<ImeLogPattern>
+        {
+            new ImeLogPattern
+            {
+                PatternId = "T-MARK", Category = "always", Enabled = true,
+                Pattern = @"^marker (?<n>\d+)", Action = "noop",
+                Parameters = new Dictionary<string, string>(),
+            },
+        };
+
+        private static readonly string[] ScriptPatternIds =
+        {
+            "PS-AGENT-INVOCATION", "PS-AGENT-ARG", "PS-AGENT-SCRIPT-START", "PS-AGENT-EXITCODE",
+            "PS-AGENT-OUTPUT", "PS-AGENT-COMPLETED", "PS-SCRIPT-GENERATED", "PS-SCRIPT-CONTEXT", "PS-SCRIPT-RESULT",
+        };
+
+        /// <summary>The shipped pattern JSON — the same source combine.js embeds — so the contract is the real one.</summary>
+        private static List<ImeLogPattern> ScriptPatterns()
+        {
+            DirectoryInfo? dir = new DirectoryInfo(AppContext.BaseDirectory);
+            string? patternDir = null;
+            while (dir != null)
+            {
+                var candidate = Path.Combine(dir.FullName, "rules", "ime-log-patterns");
+                if (Directory.Exists(candidate)) { patternDir = candidate; break; }
+                dir = dir.Parent;
+            }
+            Assert.NotNull(patternDir);
+
+            var byId = new Dictionary<string, ImeLogPattern>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+            foreach (var file in Directory.GetFiles(patternDir, "*.json"))
+            {
+                var pattern = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ImeLogPattern>(File.ReadAllText(file));
+                if (pattern?.PatternId != null) byId[pattern.PatternId] = pattern;
+            }
+            return ScriptPatternIds.Select(id =>
+            {
+                Assert.True(byId.TryGetValue(id, out var p), $"Shipped IME pattern '{id}' not found under {patternDir}.");
+                return p!;
+            }).ToList();
+        }
+
+        private static string Entry(string message, string thread = "1")
+            => $"<![LOG[{message}]LOG]!><time=\"12:00:00.0000000\" date=\"9-10-2026\" component=\"X\" context=\"\" type=\"1\" thread=\"{thread}\" file=\"\">\r\n";
+
+        private const string PlatformId = "d39eeef3-e88e-41a0-82d7-5e28ee7b5acf";
+        private const string PlatformStartLine =
+            @"Adding argument powershell with value C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Intune Management Extension\Policies\Scripts\73d664e4-0886-4a73-b745-c694da45ddb4_d39eeef3-e88e-41a0-82d7-5e28ee7b5acf.ps1 to the named argument list.";
+        private const string DetectionStartLine =
+            @"Adding argument detectionScript with value C:\Windows\IMECache\DetectionScripts\App_cc46aa62-e93a-41a1-bdd0-44f57e92a66d.ps1 to the named argument list.";
+        private const string GeneratedLine =
+            @"Script file C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Intune Management Extension\Policies\Scripts\73d664e4-0886-4a73-b745-c694da45ddb4_d39eeef3-e88e-41a0-82d7-5e28ee7b5acf.ps1 is generated.";
+        private const string ResultLine =
+            "[PowerShell] User Id = 73d664e4-0886-4a73-b745-c694da45ddb4, Policy id = " + PlatformId + ", policy result = Success";
+
+        private sealed class Harness : IDisposable
+        {
+            private readonly TempDirectory _tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            private readonly string _matchLog;
+            private readonly List<ImeLogPattern> _patterns;
+            public ImeLogTracker Tracker { get; private set; }
+            public DateTime Now { get; set; } = T0;
+            public string LogName { get; }
+            public string LogPath => Path.Combine(_tmp.Path, LogName);
+            public string StateDir { get; }
+            public List<ScriptExecutionState> Completed { get; } = new List<ScriptExecutionState>();
+
+            public Harness(string logName, List<ImeLogPattern> patterns)
+            {
+                LogName = logName;
+                _patterns = patterns;
+                var logDir = Path.Combine(_tmp.Path, "agent");
+                Directory.CreateDirectory(logDir);
+                _matchLog = Path.Combine(logDir, "ime-pattern-matches.log");
+                StateDir = Path.Combine(_tmp.Path, "state");
+                Tracker = Build();
+            }
+
+            private ImeLogTracker Build()
+            {
+                var t = new ImeLogTracker(_tmp.Path, _patterns, new AgentLogger(Path.Combine(_tmp.Path, "agent"), AgentLogLevel.Debug),
+                    matchLogPath: _matchLog, stateDirectory: StateDir);
+                t.UtcNowProvider = () => Now;
+                t.OnScriptCompleted = s => Completed.Add(s);
+                return t;
+            }
+
+            /// <summary>Agent restart: dispose, rebuild over the same state directory, restore the bookmark.</summary>
+            public void Restart()
+            {
+                Tracker.SaveStateForTest();
+                Tracker.Dispose();
+                Tracker = Build();
+                Tracker.LoadStateForTest();
+            }
+
+            public void Append(string text) => File.AppendAllText(LogPath, text, new UTF8Encoding(false));
+
+            /// <summary>What IME's stale writer does: write at its own position, over whatever is there.</summary>
+            public void Overwrite(long offset, string text)
+            {
+                using (var fs = new FileStream(LogPath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.ReadWrite))
+                {
+                    fs.Seek(offset, SeekOrigin.Begin);
+                    var bytes = new UTF8Encoding(false).GetBytes(text);
+                    fs.Write(bytes, 0, bytes.Length);
+                }
+            }
+
+            public long Length => new FileInfo(LogPath).Length;
+
+            public Task Pass(CancellationToken token = default) => Tracker.CheckLogFilesAsync(token);
+
+            /// <summary>Marker numbers matched so far, in match order.</summary>
+            public List<int> Matched()
+            {
+                if (!File.Exists(_matchLog)) return new List<int>();
+                return File.ReadAllLines(_matchLog)
+                    .Select(l => Regex.Match(l, @"\[T-MARK\] <!\[LOG\[marker (\d+)"))
+                    .Where(m => m.Success).Select(m => int.Parse(m.Groups[1].Value)).ToList();
+            }
+
+            public ImeTrackerHealth Health => Tracker.GetHealthSnapshot();
+
+            public void Dispose()
+            {
+                Tracker.Dispose();
+                _tmp.Dispose();
+            }
+        }
+
+        // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+        // Marker-level contract on AgentExecutor.log
+        // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Unchanged_bytes_never_rewind_however_often_they_are_verified()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AgentExecutor.log", MarkerPatterns());
+            h.Append(Entry("marker 1") + "<![LOG[marker 2\nsecond line\n]LOG]!><time=\"12:00:00.0000000\" date=\"9-10-2026\" component=\"X\" context=\"\" type=\"1\" thread=\"1\" file=\"\">\r\n" + Entry("marker 3"));
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 3 }, h.Matched());
+
+            for (var i = 0; i < 5; i++)
+            {
+                h.Tracker.RequestOverwriteCheckForTest();
+                h.Now = h.Now.AddSeconds(2);
+                await h.Pass();
+            }
+
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 3 }, h.Matched());
+            Assert.Equal(0, h.Health.OverwriteRewinds);
+            Assert.Equal(5, h.Health.VerifyPasses);
+            Assert.Equal(3, h.Tracker.LedgerEntryCountForTest("AgentExecutor.log"));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Non_multi_writer_files_keep_no_ledger_and_are_never_verified()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AppWorkload.log", MarkerPatterns());
+            h.Append(Entry("marker 1") + Entry("marker 2"));
+            await h.Pass();
+            h.Tracker.RequestOverwriteCheckForTest();
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddSeconds(2);
+            await h.Pass();
+
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2 }, h.Matched());
+            Assert.Equal(0, h.Tracker.LedgerEntryCountForTest("AppWorkload.log"));
+            Assert.Equal(0, h.Health.VerifyPasses);
+            Assert.Equal(0, h.Health.VerifiedBytes);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Block_written_over_read_bytes_is_processed_once_and_the_surviving_tail_is_not_repeated()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AgentExecutor.log", MarkerPatterns());
+            var one = Entry("marker 1");
+            h.Append(one + Entry("marker 2") + Entry("marker 3"));
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 3 }, h.Matched());
+
+            // A stale writer lays two entries over the first two (same length: marker 3 survives
+            // intact at its old offset). No growth, no fragment — only the end signal finds it.
+            h.Overwrite(0, Entry("marker 7") + Entry("marker 8"));
+            Assert.Equal(3 * one.Length, h.Length);
+            h.Tracker.RequestOverwriteCheckForTest();
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 7, 8 }, h.Matched());
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.OverwriteRewinds);
+            Assert.Equal(3 * one.Length, h.Health.OverwriteBytesReprocessed);
+            Assert.Equal(3, h.Tracker.LedgerEntryCountForTest("AgentExecutor.log"));
+
+            // Nothing left to find.
+            h.Tracker.RequestOverwriteCheckForTest();
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddSeconds(2);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 7, 8 }, h.Matched());
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.OverwriteRewinds);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Block_that_cuts_an_old_entry_leaves_a_fragment_that_is_never_matched()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AgentExecutor.log", MarkerPatterns());
+            h.Append(Entry("marker 1") + Entry("marker 2") + Entry("marker 3"));
+            await h.Pass();
+
+            // Longer than two old entries, shorter than three: the tail of marker 3's line survives
+            // as a fragment behind the new block.
+            h.Overwrite(0, Entry("marker 7") + Entry("marker 8 is a little longer"));
+            h.Tracker.RequestOverwriteCheckForTest();
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 7, 8 }, h.Matched());
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.OverwriteRewinds);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Guard_zone_catches_a_short_block_when_the_file_grows_without_any_signal()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AgentExecutor.log", MarkerPatterns());
+            h.Append(Entry("marker 1") + Entry("marker 2") + Entry("marker 3"));
+            await h.Pass();
+
+            // Same-length replacement of marker 1 (no fragment), then an ordinary append by
+            // another writer: the growth pass re-checks the last 4 KB and finds the change.
+            h.Overwrite(0, Entry("marker 7"));
+            h.Append(Entry("marker 4"));
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 7, 4 }, h.Matched());
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.OverwriteRewinds);
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.VerifyPasses); // the full check that follows a guard hit
+            Assert.True(h.Health.VerifiedBytes > 0);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Guard_hit_rewinds_to_the_true_start_of_the_block_not_the_guard_zone()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AgentExecutor.log", MarkerPatterns());
+            // ~6 KB of entries so the guard zone covers only the last few.
+            var sb = new StringBuilder();
+            for (var i = 1; i <= 60; i++) sb.Append(Entry($"marker {i}"));
+            h.Append(sb.ToString());
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(60, h.Matched().Count);
+
+            // A block over everything plus one more entry: the guard sees a change at its
+            // zone start, the full check must place the rewind at offset 0.
+            var block = new StringBuilder();
+            for (var i = 101; i <= 161; i++) block.Append(Entry($"marker {i}"));
+            h.Overwrite(0, block.ToString());
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+
+            var matched = h.Matched();
+            Assert.Equal(60 + 61, matched.Count);
+            Assert.Equal(Enumerable.Range(101, 61), matched.Skip(60));
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.OverwriteRewinds);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Fragment_at_the_bookmark_triggers_the_check_when_no_ledger_entry_starts_in_the_guard_zone()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AgentExecutor.log", MarkerPatterns());
+            var one = Entry("marker 1");
+            var big = Entry("marker 2 " + new string('x', 6000));
+            h.Append(one + big);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2 }, h.Matched());
+
+            // The 6 KB entry is the last ledger entry and starts before the 4 KB guard zone, so
+            // the guard has nothing to check. The stale writer's block is longer than that entry:
+            // the pass after it starts mid-line — a fragment — and must not match it raw.
+            h.Overwrite(one.Length, Entry("marker 7 " + new string('y', 3000)) + Entry("marker 8 " + new string('z', 3100)));
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2 }, h.Matched());
+
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 7, 8 }, h.Matched());
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.OverwriteRewinds);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Hidden_block_is_found_by_the_cadence_while_a_script_is_in_flight_and_the_cadence_is_throttled()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AgentExecutor.log", MarkerPatterns());
+            h.Append(Entry("marker 1") + Entry("marker 2") + Entry("marker 3"));
+            await h.Pass();
+
+            // A platform script is pending → contention. First pass in contention verifies at once.
+            h.Tracker.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("policyX", exitCode: null, exitObservedAtUtc: null, startedAtUtc: T0);
+            h.Now = T0.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.VerifyPasses);
+
+            // Same-length replacement, no growth, no signal: only the cadence can find it —
+            // and not before a second has passed since the last verification.
+            h.Overwrite(0, Entry("marker 7"));
+            h.Now = T0.AddMilliseconds(500);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 3 }, h.Matched());
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.VerifyPasses);
+
+            h.Now = T0.AddMilliseconds(1200);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 7 }, h.Matched());
+            Assert.Equal(2, h.Health.VerifyPasses);
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.OverwriteRewinds);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Without_contention_or_signal_nothing_is_verified()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AgentExecutor.log", MarkerPatterns());
+            h.Append(Entry("marker 1") + Entry("marker 2"));
+            await h.Pass();
+
+            for (var i = 0; i < 20; i++)
+            {
+                h.Now = h.Now.AddSeconds(1);
+                await h.Pass();
+            }
+
+            Assert.Equal(0, h.Health.VerifyPasses);
+            Assert.Equal(0, h.Health.VerifiedBytes);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Restart_seeds_the_ledger_so_an_overwrite_after_the_restart_is_still_found()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AgentExecutor.log", MarkerPatterns());
+            h.Append(Entry("marker 1") + Entry("marker 2") + Entry("marker 3"));
+            await h.Pass();
+            h.Restart();
+            Assert.Equal(0, h.Tracker.LedgerEntryCountForTest("AgentExecutor.log"));
+
+            // First pass after the restart: nothing new to read, but the ledger is seeded from
+            // the bytes behind the persisted bookmark.
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(3, h.Tracker.LedgerEntryCountForTest("AgentExecutor.log"));
+
+            h.Overwrite(0, Entry("marker 7"));
+            h.Tracker.RequestOverwriteCheckForTest();
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 7 }, h.Matched());
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.OverwriteRewinds);
+
+            // The counter is part of the persisted health.
+            h.Restart();
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.OverwriteRewinds);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Rollover_clears_the_ledger_and_the_new_file_is_read_without_a_false_rewind()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AgentExecutor.log", MarkerPatterns());
+            h.Append(Entry("marker 1") + Entry("marker 2") + Entry("marker 3"));
+            await h.Pass();
+
+            File.WriteAllText(h.LogPath, Entry("marker 7") + Entry("marker 8"), new UTF8Encoding(false));
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 7, 8 }, h.Matched());
+
+            h.Tracker.RequestOverwriteCheckForTest();
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddSeconds(2);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 7, 8 }, h.Matched());
+            Assert.Equal(0, h.Health.OverwriteRewinds);
+            Assert.Equal(2, h.Tracker.LedgerEntryCountForTest("AgentExecutor.log"));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Cancelled_pass_does_not_lose_a_pending_check()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AgentExecutor.log", MarkerPatterns());
+            h.Append(Entry("marker 1") + Entry("marker 2") + Entry("marker 3"));
+            await h.Pass();
+            h.Overwrite(0, Entry("marker 7") + Entry("marker 8"));
+            h.Tracker.RequestOverwriteCheckForTest();
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+
+            using (var cts = new CancellationTokenSource())
+            {
+                cts.Cancel();
+                await h.Pass(cts.Token);
+            }
+
+            // The cancelled pass touched nothing after the rewind; the next one reads it all.
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { 1, 2, 3, 7, 8 }, h.Matched());
+        }
+
+        // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+        // The field scenario with the shipped patterns
+        // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Executor_end_block_written_over_a_detection_invocation_belongs_to_its_own_script()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AgentExecutor.log", ScriptPatterns());
+
+            // Executor E starts its platform script and waits for PowerShell.
+            h.Append(Entry("ExecutorLog AgentExecutor gets invoked") + Entry(PlatformStartLine) + Entry("[Executor] created powershell with process id 12708"));
+            await h.Pass();
+            var executorPosition = h.Length;
+
+            // Detection executor D appends its whole run while E waits — the tracker reads it.
+            var detectionBlock = Entry("ExecutorLog AgentExecutor gets invoked") + Entry(DetectionStartLine)
+                + Entry("Powershell exit code is 3") + Entry("write output done. output = detected nothing, error = ")
+                + Entry("Agent executor completed.") + Entry(@"Writing result: False to resultFilePath: C:\x\App_cc46aa62.txt");
+            h.Append(detectionBlock);
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+
+            // E ends: its end block lands at its own stale position, over D's lines.
+            var endBlock = Entry("Powershell exit code is 0") + Entry("write output done. output = Hello from E, error = ") + Entry("Agent executor completed.");
+            Assert.True(endBlock.Length < detectionBlock.Length);
+            h.Overwrite(executorPosition, endBlock);
+
+            // Nothing visible signalled the end; the cadence (E is pending) finds the block.
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddSeconds(1.5);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.OverwriteRewinds);
+
+            // IME's result line (in the other file) completes the script with E's own data.
+            h.Tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(ResultLine);
+            var script = Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+            Assert.Equal(PlatformId, script.PolicyId);
+            Assert.Equal("Success", script.Result);
+            Assert.Equal("ime_policy_result", script.ResultSource);
+            Assert.Equal(0, script.ExitCode);
+            Assert.Equal("Hello from E", script.Stdout);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Detection_exit_lines_read_before_the_overwrite_never_reach_the_platform_script()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("AgentExecutor.log", ScriptPatterns());
+            h.Append(Entry("ExecutorLog AgentExecutor gets invoked") + Entry(PlatformStartLine) + Entry("[Executor] created powershell with process id 1"));
+            await h.Pass();
+            h.Append(Entry("ExecutorLog AgentExecutor gets invoked") + Entry(DetectionStartLine)
+                + Entry("Powershell exit code is 3") + Entry("write output done. output = detected nothing, error = ") + Entry("Agent executor completed."));
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+
+            // The platform result arrives without any end block ever becoming visible: held for
+            // the grace, then emitted — the detection's exit code 3 must not stand in.
+            h.Tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(ResultLine);
+            Assert.Empty(h.Completed);
+            h.Now = h.Now.Add(ImeLogTracker.PlatformScriptEndBlockGrace);
+            h.Tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(h.Now);
+            var script = Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+            Assert.Equal("Success", script.Result);
+            Assert.Null(script.ExitCode);
+            Assert.Null(script.Stdout);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Ime_result_line_hidden_by_an_executor_start_line_is_recovered_from_the_ime_log()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness("IntuneManagementExtension.log", ScriptPatterns());
+            h.Append(Entry(GeneratedLine, "17") + Entry("Launch powershell executor in user session", "17") + Entry("process id = 10608", "17"));
+            await h.Pass();
+            var servicePosition = h.Length;
+
+            // The executor process appends its telemetry start line at the true end of file.
+            h.Append(Entry("[Telemetry] Telemetry is enabled. Starting mananger...", "1"));
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Empty(h.Completed);
+
+            // The service's first write after the script wait lands at ITS position — over the
+            // executor's line; the block is longer, so the pass sees a fragment at the bookmark.
+            h.Overwrite(servicePosition, Entry("Execution is done, collecting result", "17") + Entry(ResultLine, "17") + Entry("[PowerShell] Success, Result details length: 315", "17"));
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+            h.Now = h.Now.AddMilliseconds(100);
+            await h.Pass();
+            Assert.Equal(1, h.Health.OverwriteRewinds);
+
+            // Recovered on the IME side alone (this harness has no AgentExecutor.log): held for
+            // the end block, emitted without an exit code after the grace.
+            Assert.Empty(h.Completed);
+            h.Now = h.Now.Add(ImeLogTracker.PlatformScriptEndBlockGrace);
+            h.Tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(h.Now);
+
+            var script = Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+            Assert.Equal(PlatformId, script.PolicyId);
+            Assert.Equal("Success", script.Result);
+            Assert.Equal("ime_policy_result", script.ResultSource);
+            Assert.Equal("User", script.RunContext);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Ime/ImeLogTrackerPlatformScriptContaminationTests.cs

@@ -36,8 +36,9 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
         // silently passing against a stale inline copy.
         private static readonly string[] RequiredPatternIds =
         {
-            "PS-AGENT-INVOCATION", "PS-AGENT-SCRIPT-START", "PS-AGENT-EXITCODE",
-            "PS-AGENT-OUTPUT", "PS-SCRIPT-RESULT",
+            "PS-AGENT-INVOCATION", "PS-AGENT-ARG", "PS-AGENT-SCRIPT-START", "PS-AGENT-EXITCODE",
+            "PS-AGENT-OUTPUT", "PS-AGENT-COMPLETED", "PS-SCRIPT-GENERATED", "PS-SCRIPT-CONTEXT",
+            "PS-SCRIPT-RESULT", "HS-INVOCATION",
         };
 
         private static List<ImeLogPattern> ScriptPatterns()
@@ -83,6 +84,24 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
         private const string RemediationStartLine =
             @"Adding argument remediationScript with value C:\Windows\IMECache\HealthScripts\446f0450-d0ee-404c-8dc0-a74123bde31f_1\detect.ps1 to the named argument list.";
 
+        private const string ImeLog = "IntuneManagementExtension.log";
+        private const string HealthLog = "HealthScripts.log";
+        private const string ExecutorLog = "AgentExecutor.log";
+
+        private const string PlatformGeneratedLine =
+            @"Script file C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Intune Management Extension\Policies\Scripts\00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000_c3e0124c-4936-4bfd-afcc-c7fe1d84d104.ps1 is generated";
+
+        private static readonly string PlatformResultLine =
+            $"[PowerShell] User Id = 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000, Policy id = {PlatformId}, policy result = Success";
+
+        // The health-script worker (IME AgentCommon ScriptWorker) writes its command line, the launch
+        // line and the exit line to IntuneManagementExtension.log AND HealthScripts.log — session
+        // 24dc69d1 (IME 1.105.152.0), where the exit line pre-filled a pending platform script's exit
+        // code and the launch line its context.
+        private const string HealthScriptCommandLine =
+            @"""C:\Program Files (x86)\Microsoft Intune Management Extension\agentexecutor.exe""  -remediationScript  """"C:\WINDOWS\IMECache\HealthScripts\446f0450-d0ee-404c-8dc0-a74123bde31f_1\detect.ps1"""" ""C:\WINDOWS\IMECache\HealthScripts\446f0450-d0ee-404c-8dc0-a74123bde31f_1\detect.ps1.result"" 60";
+        private const string HealthScriptExitLine = "Powershell execution is done, exitCode = 5";
+
         private static ImeLogTracker BuildTracker(TempDirectory tmp, out List<ScriptExecutionState> emitted)
         {
             var captured = new List<ScriptExecutionState>();
@@ -111,9 +130,13 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest("Powershell exit code is 0");
             tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest("write output done. output = [Compliant] No Classic Teams found, error = ");
 
-            // Authoritative IME result for the PLATFORM script (keyed by policyId).
+            // Authoritative IME result for the PLATFORM script (keyed by policyId). Its own end
+            // block never comes here, so the result is held until the shutdown flush — which must
+            // not pick up the remediation's exit/output either.
             tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(
                 $"[PowerShell] User Id = 00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000, Policy id = {PlatformId}, policy result = Failed");
+            Assert.Empty(emitted);
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(System.DateTime.UtcNow, force: true);
 
             var script = Assert.Single(emitted);
             Assert.Equal(PlatformId, script.PolicyId);
@@ -145,5 +168,100 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             Assert.Equal(0, script.ExitCode);
             Assert.Equal("Hello from c3e0124c", script.Stdout);
         }
+
+        // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+        // Health-script lines never feed a platform slot (session 24dc69d1)
+        // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void No_shipped_pattern_reads_the_health_script_workers_exit_line()
+        {
+            // "Powershell execution is done, exitCode = N" is the health-script worker's line only;
+            // as PS-SCRIPT-EXITCODE (no scriptType) it pre-filled the exit code of whichever platform
+            // script was pending, which then emitted without waiting for its own end block.
+            foreach (var file in Directory.GetFiles(FindRulesPatternDir(), "*.json"))
+            {
+                var pattern = JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<ImeLogPattern>(File.ReadAllText(file))!;
+                Assert.False(System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.IsMatch(HealthScriptExitLine, pattern.Pattern),
+                    $"{pattern.PatternId} matches the health-script worker's exit line");
+            }
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Health_script_exit_line_in_the_ime_log_never_pre_fills_the_platform_slot()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            var tracker = BuildTracker(tmp, out var emitted);
+
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(PlatformGeneratedLine, sourceFileName: ImeLog);
+            // A health script that ran in parallel finishes: its exit line lands inside the platform
+            // run's window (c81b8053 had "exit code 0" before its executor even started).
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(HealthScriptExitLine, sourceFileName: ImeLog);
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(PlatformResultLine, sourceFileName: ImeLog);
+
+            // No exit code of its own → held for the end block, never emitted with the health script's 5.
+            Assert.Empty(emitted);
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(DateTime.UtcNow, force: true);
+            var script = Assert.Single(emitted);
+            Assert.Null(script.ExitCode);
+            Assert.Equal("Success", script.Result);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Health_script_launch_line_in_the_ime_log_does_not_flip_the_platform_context()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            var tracker = BuildTracker(tmp, out var emitted);
+
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(PlatformGeneratedLine, sourceFileName: ImeLog);
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest("Launch powershell executor in user session", sourceFileName: ImeLog);
+            // The health-script worker launches its executor while the platform script runs: its
+            // command line opens an invocation that owns nothing, so its launch line stays there.
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(HealthScriptCommandLine, sourceFileName: ImeLog);
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest("Launch powershell executor in machine session", sourceFileName: ImeLog);
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(PlatformResultLine, sourceFileName: ImeLog);
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(DateTime.UtcNow, force: true);
+
+            var script = Assert.Single(emitted);
+            Assert.Equal("User", script.RunContext);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Lines_from_the_health_scripts_log_never_resolve_to_a_platform_script()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            var tracker = BuildTracker(tmp, out var emitted);
+
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest("ExecutorLog AgentExecutor gets invoked", sourceFileName: ExecutorLog);
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(PlatformStartLine, sourceFileName: ExecutorLog);
+            // HealthScripts.log never carries a platform marker — the run in flight is not the
+            // fallback owner of the lines there.
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest("Launch powershell executor in machine session", sourceFileName: HealthLog);
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(PlatformResultLine, sourceFileName: ImeLog);
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(DateTime.UtcNow, force: true);
+
+            var script = Assert.Single(emitted);
+            Assert.Null(script.RunContext);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Context_line_after_an_ime_log_rollover_still_finds_the_run_in_flight()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            var tracker = BuildTracker(tmp, out var emitted);
+
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(PlatformGeneratedLine, sourceFileName: ImeLog);
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest("ExecutorLog AgentExecutor gets invoked", sourceFileName: ExecutorLog);
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(PlatformStartLine, sourceFileName: ExecutorLog);
+            // IME rolls the log over between its two lines: the fresh file has no markers, but
+            // platform runs open there — the run in flight still owns the context line.
+            tracker.ClearInvocationMarkersForTest(ImeLog);
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest("Launch powershell executor in user session", sourceFileName: ImeLog);
+            tracker.ProcessLogMessageForTest(PlatformResultLine, sourceFileName: ImeLog);
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(DateTime.UtcNow, force: true);
+
+            var script = Assert.Single(emitted);
+            Assert.Equal("User", script.RunContext);
+        }
     }
 }

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Ime/ImeLogTrackerPlatformScriptFallbackTests.cs

@@ -39,7 +39,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             tracker.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("dece354a", exitCode: 0, exitObservedAtUtc: observedAt, stdout: "Script start.\nScript end.");
 
             // Well past the grace window — should emit.
-            tracker.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
 
             var script = Assert.Single(emitted);
             Assert.Equal("dece354a", script.PolicyId);
@@ -60,11 +60,11 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             tracker.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("60b43a2e", exitCode: 0, exitObservedAtUtc: observedAt);
 
             // Inside the grace window — IME might still log its result; do not emit yet.
-            tracker.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(5));
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(5));
             Assert.Empty(emitted);
 
             // Past the grace window — emit.
-            tracker.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
             Assert.Single(emitted);
         }
 
@@ -78,7 +78,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             tracker.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("846cea22", exitCode: 0, exitObservedAtUtc: observedAt);
 
             // Shutdown flush right after exit — grace not elapsed, but force emits anyway.
-            tracker.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(1), force: true);
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(1), force: true);
 
             Assert.Single(emitted);
         }
@@ -92,7 +92,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
 
             tracker.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("bad5c0de", exitCode: 1, exitObservedAtUtc: observedAt);
 
-            tracker.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
 
             var script = Assert.Single(emitted);
             Assert.Equal(1, script.ExitCode);
@@ -109,7 +109,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             // Started but no exit code yet → still running, must not be emitted even on force flush.
             tracker.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("running", exitCode: null, exitObservedAtUtc: null);
 
-            tracker.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(DateTime.UtcNow, force: true);
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(DateTime.UtcNow, force: true);
 
             Assert.Empty(emitted);
         }
@@ -122,7 +122,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             var observedAt = new DateTime(2026, 6, 19, 12, 59, 4, DateTimeKind.Utc);
 
             tracker.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("dece354a", exitCode: 0, exitObservedAtUtc: observedAt);
-            tracker.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
             Assert.Single(emitted);
 
             // IME finally logs its PS-SCRIPT-RESULT line — must NOT produce a second event.
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             var observedAt = new DateTime(2026, 6, 19, 12, 59, 4, DateTimeKind.Utc);
 
             tracker.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("dece354a", exitCode: 0, exitObservedAtUtc: observedAt);
-            tracker.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
 
             // The exit-observed timestamp must travel on the emitted state so the adapter can bind
             // the event to it instead of an unrelated "last matched" line parsed during the grace.
@@ -156,14 +156,14 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
 
             // Run 1 of policy X — fallback emits.
             tracker.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("policyX", exitCode: 0, exitObservedAtUtc: firstRun);
-            tracker.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(firstRun.AddSeconds(20));
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(firstRun.AddSeconds(20));
             Assert.Single(emitted);
 
             // Run 2 of the SAME policy later in the same agent lifetime (IME re-evaluation / retry)
             // must NOT be deduped away — the fresh start clears the prior emitted-marker.
             var secondRun = firstRun.AddMinutes(30);
             tracker.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("policyX", exitCode: 0, exitObservedAtUtc: secondRun);
-            tracker.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(secondRun.AddSeconds(20));
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(secondRun.AddSeconds(20));
             Assert.Equal(2, emitted.Count);
         }
 
@@ -182,7 +182,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             Assert.Equal("ime_policy_result", script.ResultSource);
 
             // Later fallback pass must find nothing pending → no duplicate.
-            tracker.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
             Assert.Single(emitted);
         }
     }

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Ime/ImeLogTrackerPollTimingTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,95 @@
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Logging;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Harness;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Shared.Models;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The poll loop's timing maxima (session c3ecb568: the loop was not scheduled for 26 s at
+    /// 100 % VM CPU and nothing in the telemetry could show it): the longest pass and the
+    /// longest pause between two passes, on a monotonic clock, restart-safe like the other
+    /// health counters.
+    /// </summary>
+    public sealed class ImeLogTrackerPollTimingTests
+    {
+        /// <summary>Monotonic readings the tracker takes at the start and the end of every pass.</summary>
+        private sealed class Clock
+        {
+            private readonly Queue<long> _readings = new Queue<long>();
+            public void Enqueue(params long[] ms) { foreach (var m in ms) _readings.Enqueue(m); }
+            public long Next() => _readings.Dequeue();
+        }
+
+        private static ImeLogTracker Build(TempDirectory tmp, Clock clock)
+        {
+            var tracker = new ImeLogTracker(tmp.Path, new List<ImeLogPattern>(), new AgentLogger(tmp.Path, AgentLogLevel.Info), stateDirectory: tmp.Path);
+            tracker.MonotonicMillisProvider = clock.Next;
+            return tracker;
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Longest_pass_and_longest_pause_are_kept_as_session_maxima()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            var clock = new Clock();
+            var tracker = Build(tmp, clock);
+
+            // Pass 1 takes 30 ms; the loop is not scheduled again for 26.1 s; pass 2 takes 10 ms,
+            // pass 3 follows after the normal 100 ms.
+            clock.Enqueue(0, 30, 26130, 26140, 26240, 26245);
+            await tracker.RunPollPassAsync(CancellationToken.None);
+            await tracker.RunPollPassAsync(CancellationToken.None);
+            await tracker.RunPollPassAsync(CancellationToken.None);
+
+            var health = tracker.GetHealthSnapshot();
+            Assert.Equal(30, health.PassMaxMs);
+            Assert.Equal(26100, health.PassGapMaxMs);
+            tracker.Dispose();
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void A_fresh_tracker_reports_zero()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            var tracker = Build(tmp, new Clock());
+
+            var health = tracker.GetHealthSnapshot();
+            Assert.Equal(0, health.PassMaxMs);
+            Assert.Equal(0, health.PassGapMaxMs);
+            tracker.Dispose();
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Maxima_survive_a_restart_and_are_never_lowered()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            var clock = new Clock();
+            var tracker1 = Build(tmp, clock);
+            clock.Enqueue(0, 40, 5140, 5150);
+            await tracker1.RunPollPassAsync(CancellationToken.None);
+            await tracker1.RunPollPassAsync(CancellationToken.None);
+            tracker1.SaveStateForTest();
+            tracker1.Dispose();
+
+            var tracker2 = Build(tmp, clock);
+            tracker2.LoadStateForTest();
+            Assert.Equal(40, tracker2.GetHealthSnapshot().PassMaxMs);
+            Assert.Equal(5100, tracker2.GetHealthSnapshot().PassGapMaxMs);
+
+            // The first pass after a restart has no pause to measure; a calmer session afterwards
+            // never lowers what the session already saw.
+            clock.Enqueue(6000, 6010, 6110, 6115);
+            await tracker2.RunPollPassAsync(CancellationToken.None);
+            await tracker2.RunPollPassAsync(CancellationToken.None);
+            var health = tracker2.GetHealthSnapshot();
+            Assert.Equal(40, health.PassMaxMs);
+            Assert.Equal(5100, health.PassGapMaxMs);
+            tracker2.Dispose();
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Ime/ImeLogTrackerResultHoldTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,332 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Logging;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Harness;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Shared.Models;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The IME result waits for its executor end block (session e7f3c910): PS-SCRIPT-RESULT can
+    /// reach the tracker before the AgentExecutor.log end block of the same run — an overwritten
+    /// block is recovered one pass after the result that triggers the ledger check, the
+    /// AgentExecutor.log read of a pass may precede the exit line by milliseconds, or the poll
+    /// loop stalled. Emitting at once lost the exit code and, when the late start line reopened
+    /// the slot, produced a fallback duplicate 15 s later.
+    /// </summary>
+    public sealed class ImeLogTrackerResultHoldTests
+    {
+        private static readonly DateTime T0 = new DateTime(2026, 9, 10, 22, 13, 35, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+
+        private sealed class Harness : IDisposable
+        {
+            private readonly TempDirectory _tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            public ImeLogTracker Tracker { get; private set; }
+            public DateTime Now { get; set; } = T0;
+            public List<ScriptExecutionState> Completed { get; } = new List<ScriptExecutionState>();
+            public List<ScriptStartedInfo> Started { get; } = new List<ScriptStartedInfo>();
+
+            public Harness() { Tracker = Build(); }
+
+            private ImeLogTracker Build()
+            {
+                var t = new ImeLogTracker(_tmp.Path, new List<ImeLogPattern>(), new AgentLogger(_tmp.Path, AgentLogLevel.Info), stateDirectory: _tmp.Path);
+                t.UtcNowProvider = () => Now;
+                t.OnScriptCompleted = s => Completed.Add(s);
+                t.OnScriptStarted = s => Started.Add(s);
+                return t;
+            }
+
+            /// <summary>Agent restart over the same state directory.</summary>
+            public void Restart()
+            {
+                Tracker.SaveStateForTest();
+                Tracker.Dispose();
+                Tracker = Build();
+                Tracker.LoadStateForTest();
+            }
+
+            /// <summary>A start line (IME "Script file … is generated" or the executor's argument line) with its source timestamp.</summary>
+            public void Start(string id, DateTime lineTs)
+            {
+                Tracker.LastMatchedLogTimestamp = lineTs;
+                Tracker.NextTestEntry();
+                Tracker.HandlePlatformScriptStarted(id);
+            }
+
+            public void Result(string id, DateTime lineTs, string result = "Success")
+                => Tracker.CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResultForTesting(id, result, lineTs);
+
+            public void Exit(string id, DateTime lineTs, int exitCode = 0)
+                => Tracker.RecordPlatformScriptExitCodeForTesting(id, exitCode, lineTs);
+
+            /// <summary>The end-of-pass flush at the harness clock.</summary>
+            public void Flush(bool force = false) => Tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(Now, force);
+
+            public void Dispose()
+            {
+                Tracker.Dispose();
+                _tmp.Dispose();
+            }
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Result_before_the_end_block_is_held_and_emits_once_with_the_exit_code()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness();
+            h.Start("376ee51a", T0);
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2);
+            h.Result("376ee51a", T0.AddSeconds(2));
+            Assert.Empty(h.Completed);
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2.1);
+            h.Flush();
+            Assert.Empty(h.Completed);
+
+            // The end block surfaces on the next pass (ledger rewind or plain read lag).
+            h.Exit("376ee51a", T0.AddSeconds(1.99));
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2.2);
+            h.Flush();
+
+            var script = Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+            Assert.Equal(0, script.ExitCode);
+            Assert.Equal("Success", script.Result);
+            Assert.Equal("ime_policy_result", script.ResultSource);
+            Assert.Equal(T0.AddSeconds(2), script.ResultObservedAtUtc);
+            Assert.Equal("PS-SCRIPT-RESULT", script.ResultPatternId);
+            Assert.Equal(T0, script.StartedAtUtc);
+
+            // Nothing fires twice: later passes, a repeated result line, the 15 s fallback window.
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(30);
+            h.Flush();
+            h.Result("376ee51a", T0.AddSeconds(2));
+            Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Result_with_the_end_block_already_read_emits_at_once()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness();
+            h.Start("847da54e", T0);
+            h.Exit("847da54e", T0.AddSeconds(2.3));
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2.31);
+            h.Result("847da54e", T0.AddSeconds(2.31));
+
+            var script = Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+            Assert.Equal(0, script.ExitCode);
+            Assert.Null(script.ResultHeldSinceUtc);
+            Assert.Equal(T0.AddSeconds(2.31), script.ResultObservedAtUtc);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Held_result_emits_without_exit_code_after_the_grace()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness();
+            h.Start("784fcaf5", T0);
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2);
+            h.Result("784fcaf5", T0.AddSeconds(2));
+
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2).Add(ImeLogTracker.PlatformScriptEndBlockGrace).AddMilliseconds(-100);
+            h.Flush();
+            Assert.Empty(h.Completed);
+
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2).Add(ImeLogTracker.PlatformScriptEndBlockGrace);
+            h.Flush();
+            var script = Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+            Assert.Null(script.ExitCode);
+            Assert.Equal("Success", script.Result);
+            Assert.Equal("ime_policy_result", script.ResultSource);
+
+            // An exit line surfacing after the emit is dropped — no second event, no fallback.
+            h.Exit("784fcaf5", T0.AddSeconds(1.99));
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(40);
+            h.Flush();
+            Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Shutdown_flush_emits_a_held_result_at_once()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness();
+            h.Start("a52e4f47", T0);
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2);
+            h.Result("a52e4f47", T0.AddSeconds(2), "Failed");
+            Assert.Empty(h.Completed);
+
+            h.Flush(force: true);
+            var script = Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+            Assert.Equal("Failed", script.Result);
+            Assert.Null(script.ExitCode);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Late_start_line_of_an_emitted_run_opens_no_new_run()
+        {
+            // Session e7f3c910, 376ee51a: the result was emitted, THEN the executor's start and
+            // exit lines of the same run were read (a 2 s poll stall) — the start opened a second
+            // slot and the exit code became a fallback duplicate 15 s later.
+            using var h = new Harness();
+            h.Start("376ee51a", T0);
+            h.Exit("376ee51a", T0.AddSeconds(1.99));
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2);
+            h.Result("376ee51a", T0.AddSeconds(2));
+            Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+            Assert.Single(h.Started);
+
+            h.Start("376ee51a", T0.AddMilliseconds(300));
+            Assert.Single(h.Started);
+            h.Exit("376ee51a", T0.AddSeconds(1.99));
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(30);
+            h.Flush();
+            Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Start_line_newer_than_the_emitted_result_is_the_next_run()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness();
+            h.Start("338d9434", T0);
+            h.Exit("338d9434", T0.AddSeconds(1));
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(1);
+            h.Result("338d9434", T0.AddSeconds(1));
+            Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+
+            // IME re-runs the policy after the user signed in.
+            h.Start("338d9434", T0.AddMinutes(7));
+            Assert.Equal(2, h.Started.Count);
+            h.Exit("338d9434", T0.AddMinutes(7).AddSeconds(3));
+            h.Now = T0.AddMinutes(7).AddSeconds(3);
+            h.Result("338d9434", T0.AddMinutes(7).AddSeconds(3));
+            Assert.Equal(2, h.Completed.Count);
+            Assert.Equal(T0.AddMinutes(7), h.Completed[1].StartedAtUtc);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Newer_start_line_closes_a_held_result_and_starts_the_next_run()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness();
+            h.Start("c81b8053", T0);
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2);
+            h.Result("c81b8053", T0.AddSeconds(2));
+            Assert.Empty(h.Completed);
+
+            // The end block never surfaced before the policy ran again.
+            h.Start("c81b8053", T0.AddSeconds(4));
+            var first = Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+            Assert.Null(first.ExitCode);
+            Assert.Equal(T0, first.StartedAtUtc);
+            Assert.Equal(2, h.Started.Count);
+
+            h.Exit("c81b8053", T0.AddSeconds(6));
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(6);
+            h.Result("c81b8053", T0.AddSeconds(6));
+            Assert.Equal(2, h.Completed.Count);
+            Assert.Equal(0, h.Completed[1].ExitCode);
+            Assert.Equal(T0.AddSeconds(4), h.Completed[1].StartedAtUtc);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Result_without_a_start_takes_the_recovered_start_line_and_end_block()
+        {
+            // Both the start block and the end block were hidden when the result arrived; the
+            // ledger rewind the result triggers brings both back on the next pass.
+            using var h = new Harness();
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2);
+            h.Result("d39eeef3", T0.AddSeconds(2));
+            Assert.Empty(h.Completed);
+
+            h.Start("d39eeef3", T0);
+            Assert.Empty(h.Started);
+            h.Exit("d39eeef3", T0.AddSeconds(1.99));
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2.2);
+            h.Flush();
+
+            var script = Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+            Assert.Equal(T0, script.StartedAtUtc);
+            Assert.Equal(0, script.ExitCode);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Held_result_survives_a_restart()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness();
+            h.Start("832e27bc", T0);
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2);
+            h.Result("832e27bc", T0.AddSeconds(2));
+            h.Restart();
+            Assert.Empty(h.Completed);
+
+            h.Exit("832e27bc", T0.AddSeconds(1.99));
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(2.5);
+            h.Flush();
+            var script = Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+            Assert.Equal(0, script.ExitCode);
+            Assert.Equal(T0.AddSeconds(2), script.ResultObservedAtUtc);
+            Assert.Equal("PS-SCRIPT-RESULT", script.ResultPatternId);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Emitted_marker_keeps_the_run_timestamp_across_a_restart()
+        {
+            using var h = new Harness();
+            h.Start("89b3cbcd", T0);
+            h.Exit("89b3cbcd", T0.AddSeconds(1));
+            h.Now = T0.AddSeconds(1);
+            h.Result("89b3cbcd", T0.AddSeconds(1));
+            h.Restart();
+
+            h.Start("89b3cbcd", T0.AddMilliseconds(500)); // late line of the emitted run
+            Assert.Single(h.Started);
+            h.Start("89b3cbcd", T0.AddMinutes(5));        // the next run
+            Assert.Equal(2, h.Started.Count);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Marker_list_from_an_older_state_file_still_dedups()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            var persistence = new ImeTrackerStatePersistence(tmp.Path, new AgentLogger(tmp.Path, AgentLogLevel.Info));
+            persistence.Save(new ImeTrackerStateData { PlatformScriptResultEmitted = new List<string> { "policyZ" } });
+
+            var completed = new List<ScriptExecutionState>();
+            var started = new List<ScriptStartedInfo>();
+            var tracker = new ImeLogTracker(tmp.Path, new List<ImeLogPattern>(), new AgentLogger(tmp.Path, AgentLogLevel.Info), stateDirectory: tmp.Path);
+            tracker.OnScriptCompleted = s => completed.Add(s);
+            tracker.OnScriptStarted = s => started.Add(s);
+            tracker.LoadStateForTest();
+
+            tracker.CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResultForTesting("policyZ", "Success", T0);
+            Assert.Empty(completed);
+
+            // Without a timestamp on the marker every start line is a new run, as before.
+            tracker.LastMatchedLogTimestamp = T0;
+            tracker.HandlePlatformScriptStarted("policyZ");
+            Assert.Single(started);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Emitted_marker_is_capped_at_the_clock_so_the_next_run_still_opens_a_slot()
+        {
+            // Session 4377911b: the result line was re-read after an overwrite rewind and resolved
+            // in the reader's zone, one hour ahead of the clock. Stored uncapped, that stamp made
+            // the genuine second run's start line read as a late line of the first run and its
+            // result a duplicate.
+            using var h = new Harness();
+            h.Start("d94468af", T0.AddSeconds(-10));
+            h.Result("d94468af", T0.AddHours(1));
+            h.Exit("d94468af", T0.AddSeconds(-1));
+            h.Flush();
+            Assert.Single(h.Completed);
+
+            // The second run, two minutes later on the clock — still "before" the uncapped stamp.
+            h.Now = T0.AddMinutes(2);
+            h.Start("d94468af", h.Now.AddSeconds(-5));
+            h.Result("d94468af", h.Now.AddSeconds(-1));
+            h.Exit("d94468af", h.Now.AddSeconds(-2));
+            h.Flush();
+
+            Assert.Equal(2, h.Completed.Count);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Ime/ImeLogTrackerScriptStatePersistenceTests.cs

@@ -41,7 +41,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             // Run 1: exit code seen, shutdown force-flush emits the fallback completion.
             var tracker1 = BuildTracker(tmp, out var emitted1);
             tracker1.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("policyA", exitCode: 0, exitObservedAtUtc: observedAt);
-            tracker1.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(1), force: true);
+            tracker1.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(1), force: true);
             Assert.Single(emitted1);
             tracker1.SaveStateForTest();
 
@@ -68,7 +68,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             // Restarted tracker continues the grace window instead of dropping the script.
             var tracker2 = BuildTracker(tmp, out var emitted2);
             tracker2.LoadStateForTest();
-            tracker2.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
+            tracker2.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
 
             var script = Assert.Single(emitted2);
             Assert.Equal("policyB", script.PolicyId);
@@ -84,7 +84,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
 
             var tracker1 = BuildTracker(tmp, out _);
             tracker1.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("policyC", exitCode: 0, exitObservedAtUtc: observedAt);
-            tracker1.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(1), force: true);
+            tracker1.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(1), force: true);
             tracker1.SaveStateForTest();
 
             // Restart, then a genuine RE-RUN of the same policy (fresh start clears the marker).
@@ -109,8 +109,10 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             var tracker = BuildTracker(tmp, out var emitted);
             tracker.LoadStateForTest(); // must not throw
 
-            // Degrades to pre-fix behavior: no markers restored, normal emission works.
+            // Degrades to pre-fix behavior: no markers restored, normal emission works (the
+            // result waits for its end block until the shutdown flush).
             tracker.CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResultForTesting("policyD", "Success");
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(DateTime.UtcNow, force: true);
             Assert.Single(emitted);
         }
 
@@ -128,8 +130,10 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             tracker.CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResultForTesting("policyE", "Failed", run2Start.AddMinutes(-5));
             Assert.Empty(emitted);
 
-            // Run 2's own result (newer than its start) still emits normally.
+            // Run 2's own result (newer than its start) still emits normally — held for the end
+            // block until the shutdown flush, since none is seeded here.
             tracker.CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResultForTesting("policyE", "Success", run2Start.AddMinutes(2));
+            tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(run2Start.AddMinutes(2), force: true);
             var script = Assert.Single(emitted);
             Assert.Equal("Success", script.Result);
             Assert.Equal(run2Start, script.StartedAtUtc);
@@ -150,5 +154,45 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
             Assert.False(tracker2.TryClaimScriptTimeoutSuspected("policyF")); // cross-restart dedup
             Assert.True(tracker2.TryClaimScriptTimeoutSuspected("policyG"));  // other policies unaffected
         }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Line_provenance_of_a_pending_script_survives_restart()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            var observedAt = new DateTime(2026, 9, 17, 13, 20, 7, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+            var start = new CmTraceLineProvenance
+            {
+                SourceLocalTs = new DateTime(2026, 9, 17, 15, 19, 57, DateTimeKind.Unspecified),
+                Origin = CmTraceOffsetOrigin.LineAnchored,
+                OffsetMinutes = 120,
+                MeasuredWriterOffsetMinutes = 120,
+                SourceFileName = "IntuneManagementExtension.log",
+            };
+            var exit = new CmTraceLineProvenance
+            {
+                SourceLocalTs = new DateTime(2026, 9, 17, 15, 20, 7, DateTimeKind.Unspecified),
+                Origin = CmTraceOffsetOrigin.None,
+                OffsetMinutes = 60,
+                SourceFileName = "AgentExecutor.log",
+            };
+
+            var tracker1 = BuildTracker(tmp, out _);
+            tracker1.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("policyH", exitCode: 0, exitObservedAtUtc: observedAt,
+                startedAtUtc: observedAt.AddSeconds(-10), startedAtProvenance: start, exitProvenance: exit);
+            tracker1.SaveStateForTest();
+
+            var tracker2 = BuildTracker(tmp, out var emitted2);
+            tracker2.LoadStateForTest();
+            tracker2.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(observedAt.AddSeconds(20));
+
+            var script = Assert.Single(emitted2);
+            Assert.Equal(CmTraceOffsetOrigin.LineAnchored, script.StartedAtProvenance.Origin);
+            Assert.Equal(120, script.StartedAtProvenance.OffsetMinutes);
+            Assert.Equal(start.SourceLocalTs, script.StartedAtProvenance.SourceLocalTs);
+            Assert.Equal(DateTimeKind.Unspecified, script.StartedAtProvenance.SourceLocalTs!.Value.Kind); // no zone was ever attached
+            Assert.Equal("AgentExecutor.log", script.ExitProvenance.SourceFileName);
+            Assert.Equal(60, script.ExitProvenance.OffsetMinutes);
+            Assert.Null(script.ResultProvenance);
+        }
     }
 }

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Ime/RecurringScriptGateTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,267 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Logging;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Harness;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Shared.Models;
+using Newtonsoft.Json;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Ime
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// IME re-runs health-script policies on its own schedule for as long as the device is up.
+    /// A session that waited days for its user reported every hourly run of every policy
+    /// (field: 9 policies × 94 runs in one session). The gate emits the first run and every
+    /// changed result, counts the rest, and keeps the start/result pairing intact that the
+    /// running indicators rely on.
+    /// </summary>
+    public sealed class RecurringScriptGateTests
+    {
+        private const string Policy = "11111111-2222-3333-4444-555555555555";
+        private static readonly DateTime T0 = new DateTime(2026, 9, 16, 20, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+
+        private static ScriptExecutionState Early(string compliance, int exit = 0, string? stderr = null) =>
+            new ScriptExecutionState
+            {
+                PolicyId = Policy, ScriptType = "remediation", ScriptPart = "detection",
+                ComplianceResult = compliance, ExitCode = exit, Stderr = stderr, DurationBasis = "script_runtime",
+            };
+
+        private static ScriptExecutionState Consolidated(string compliance, int exit = 0, int status = 1) =>
+            new ScriptExecutionState
+            {
+                PolicyId = Policy, ScriptType = "remediation", ScriptPart = "detection",
+                ComplianceResult = compliance, ExitCode = exit, RemediationStatus = status,
+                DurationBasis = "cycle_including_reporting_latency",
+            };
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void First_run_emits_start_and_result()
+        {
+            var gate = new RecurringScriptGate();
+
+            Assert.True(gate.OnStart(Policy, T0, "6", "HS-SCRIPT-START"));
+            Assert.True(gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0.AddSeconds(5), out var released));
+            Assert.Null(released);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Repeated_result_is_counted_and_its_start_stays_held()
+        {
+            var gate = new RecurringScriptGate();
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0, "6", "HS-SCRIPT-START");
+            gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0.AddSeconds(5), out _);
+
+            Assert.False(gate.OnStart(Policy, T0.AddHours(1), "6", "HS-SCRIPT-START"));
+            Assert.False(gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0.AddHours(1).AddSeconds(5), out var released));
+            Assert.Null(released);
+
+            var summary = Assert.Single(gate.TakeSummaries());
+            Assert.Equal(2, summary.RunsObserved);
+            Assert.Equal(1, summary.RunsCollapsed);
+            Assert.Equal(1, summary.CollapsedResults);
+            Assert.Equal(T0.AddHours(1).AddSeconds(5), summary.LastCollapsedAtUtc);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Changed_result_releases_the_held_start_with_its_own_timestamp()
+        {
+            var gate = new RecurringScriptGate();
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0, "6", "HS-SCRIPT-START");
+            gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0.AddSeconds(5), out _);
+
+            var secondStart = T0.AddHours(1);
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, secondStart, "6", "HS-SCRIPT-START");
+            Assert.True(gate.OnResult(Early("False", exit: 1), secondStart.AddSeconds(5), out var released));
+
+            Assert.NotNull(released);
+            Assert.Equal(Policy, released.PolicyId);
+            Assert.Equal(secondStart, released.SourceTimestampUtc);
+            Assert.Equal("HS-SCRIPT-START", released.PatternId);
+            Assert.Equal("6", released.PolicyType);
+            Assert.Empty(gate.TakeSummaries());
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void New_stderr_counts_as_a_changed_result()
+        {
+            var gate = new RecurringScriptGate();
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0, "6", "p");
+            gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0, out _);
+
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0.AddHours(1), "6", "p");
+            Assert.True(gate.OnResult(Early("True", stderr: "Get-ChildItem : path not found"), T0.AddHours(1), out _));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Early_signal_and_consolidated_result_do_not_overwrite_each_other()
+        {
+            // Both describe the detection phase, but only the consolidated one knows
+            // RemediationStatus. Sharing one signature slot would make every run look changed.
+            var gate = new RecurringScriptGate();
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0, "6", "p");
+            Assert.True(gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0, out _));
+            Assert.True(gate.OnResult(Consolidated("True"), T0.AddMinutes(1), out _));
+
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0.AddHours(1), "6", "p");
+            Assert.False(gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0.AddHours(1), out _));
+            Assert.False(gate.OnResult(Consolidated("True"), T0.AddHours(1).AddMinutes(1), out _));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Held_start_without_result_is_released_only_after_the_grace()
+        {
+            var gate = new RecurringScriptGate();
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0, "6", "p");
+            gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0, out _);
+            var heldAt = T0.AddHours(1);
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, heldAt, "6", "p");
+
+            Assert.Empty(gate.ReleaseStartsWithoutResult(heldAt.AddMinutes(29), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30)));
+
+            var released = Assert.Single(gate.ReleaseStartsWithoutResult(heldAt.AddMinutes(31), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30)));
+            Assert.Equal(heldAt, released.SourceTimestampUtc);
+            Assert.Empty(gate.ReleaseStartsWithoutResult(heldAt.AddHours(2), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Held_start_whose_result_was_collapsed_is_never_released_as_unfinished()
+        {
+            var gate = new RecurringScriptGate();
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0, "6", "p");
+            gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0, out _);
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0.AddHours(1), "6", "p");
+            gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0.AddHours(1), out _);
+
+            Assert.Empty(gate.ReleaseStartsWithoutResult(T0.AddDays(1), TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Run_superseded_by_the_next_start_counts_as_without_result()
+        {
+            var gate = new RecurringScriptGate();
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0, "6", "p");
+            gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0, out _);
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0.AddHours(1), "6", "p");   // no result
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0.AddHours(2), "6", "p");
+            gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0.AddHours(2), out _);
+
+            var summary = Assert.Single(gate.TakeSummaries());
+            Assert.Equal(3, summary.RunsObserved);
+            Assert.Equal(1, summary.RunsWithoutResult);
+            Assert.Equal(1, summary.RunsCollapsed);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Summary_reports_growth_only()
+        {
+            var gate = new RecurringScriptGate();
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0, "6", "p");
+            gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0, out _);
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0.AddHours(1), "6", "p");
+            gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0.AddHours(1), out _);
+
+            Assert.Single(gate.TakeSummaries());
+            Assert.Empty(gate.TakeSummaries());
+
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0.AddHours(2), "6", "p");
+            gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0.AddHours(2), out _);
+            Assert.Equal(2, Assert.Single(gate.TakeSummaries()).RunsCollapsed);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void State_round_trips_through_json()
+        {
+            var gate = new RecurringScriptGate();
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0, "6", "p");
+            gate.OnResult(Early("True"), T0, out _);
+            gate.OnStart(Policy, T0.AddHours(1), "6", "p");
+
+            var json = JsonConvert.SerializeObject(gate.ToPersisted());
+            var restored = new RecurringScriptGate();
+            restored.Restore(JsonConvert.DeserializeObject<Dictionary<string, RecurringScriptPolicyState>>(json));
+
+            // The restored gate still knows the last report and still holds the second start.
+            Assert.True(restored.OnResult(Early("False", exit: 1), T0.AddHours(1).AddSeconds(5), out var released));
+            Assert.Equal(T0.AddHours(1), released.SourceTimestampUtc);
+        }
+
+        // ── Through the tracker ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+        private sealed class Rig
+        {
+            public readonly List<ScriptStartedInfo> Started = new List<ScriptStartedInfo>();
+            public readonly List<ScriptExecutionState> Completed = new List<ScriptExecutionState>();
+            public readonly List<ScriptRecurrenceSummary> Summaries = new List<ScriptRecurrenceSummary>();
+            public readonly ImeLogTracker Tracker;
+
+            public Rig(TempDirectory tmp)
+            {
+                Tracker = new ImeLogTracker(
+                    logFolder: tmp.Path,
+                    patterns: new List<ImeLogPattern>(),
+                    logger: new AgentLogger(tmp.Path, AgentLogLevel.Info),
+                    stateDirectory: tmp.Path);
+                Tracker.OnScriptStarted = Started.Add;
+                Tracker.OnScriptCompleted = Completed.Add;
+                Tracker.OnScriptRecurrenceSummary = Summaries.Add;
+            }
+
+            public void Run(DateTime startedAtUtc, string compliance)
+            {
+                Tracker.HandleHealthScriptStartForTest(Policy, startedAtUtc);
+                Tracker.HandleHealthScriptDetectionResultForTest(Policy, compliance, "pre", exitCode: compliance == "True" ? 0 : 1);
+            }
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Tracker_collapses_repeats_across_a_restart_and_reports_them_on_stop()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+
+            var first = new Rig(tmp);
+            first.Run(T0, "True");
+            first.Run(T0.AddHours(1), "True");
+            Assert.Single(first.Started);
+            Assert.Single(first.Completed);
+            first.Tracker.SaveStateForTest();
+
+            // Restart (reboot kill, WhiteGlove Part 2): the last report and the counter are back.
+            var second = new Rig(tmp);
+            second.Tracker.LoadStateForTest();
+            second.Run(T0.AddHours(2), "True");
+            Assert.Empty(second.Started);
+            Assert.Empty(second.Completed);
+
+            second.Run(T0.AddHours(3), "False");
+            var start = Assert.Single(second.Started);
+            Assert.Equal(T0.AddHours(3), start.SourceTimestampUtc);
+            Assert.Equal("False", Assert.Single(second.Completed).ComplianceResult);
+
+            second.Tracker.FlushRecurringScripts(T0.AddHours(4), shuttingDown: true);
+            var summary = Assert.Single(second.Summaries);
+            Assert.Equal(4, summary.RunsObserved);
+            Assert.Equal(2, summary.RunsCollapsed);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Tracker_leaves_platform_scripts_alone()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            var rig = new Rig(tmp);
+            var observedAt = T0;
+
+            for (var run = 0; run < 2; run++)
+            {
+                rig.Tracker.SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting("platformA", exitCode: 0, exitObservedAtUtc: observedAt.AddMinutes(run * 10));
+                rig.Tracker.CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResultForTesting("platformA", "Success", observedAt.AddMinutes(run * 10 + 1));
+            }
+
+            Assert.Equal(2, rig.Completed.Count(s => s.ScriptType == "platform"));
+            rig.Tracker.FlushRecurringScripts(T0.AddDays(1), shuttingDown: true);
+            Assert.Empty(rig.Summaries);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Runtime/DiagnosticsEventLogBlockTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,204 @@
+#nullable enable
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
+using System.IO.Compression;
+using System.Linq;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Configuration;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Logging;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Runtime;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Harness;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Shared.Models;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Runtime
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// The hard-blocked event-log channels (Security, PowerShell, Sysmon) are unreadable through
+    /// the diagnostics package as well — by path, by wildcard, by resolved channel, and in
+    /// unrestricted mode. Before this the block held only in the event-log collector.
+    /// </summary>
+    public sealed class DiagnosticsEventLogBlockTests
+    {
+        private const string WinevtLogs = @"C:\Windows\System32\winevt\Logs";
+
+        // A channel no machine has: the export fails and the packager falls back to the raw copy.
+        private const string HarmlessChannel = "AutopilotMonitor-Tests-NoSuchChannel/Operational";
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData("Security.evtx")]
+        [InlineData("security.EVTX")]
+        [InlineData("Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell%4Operational.evtx")]
+        [InlineData("Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell%4Admin.evtx")]
+        [InlineData("Windows PowerShell.evtx")]
+        [InlineData("Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon%4Operational.evtx")]
+        [InlineData("Archive-Security-2026-09-21-10-15-30-123.evtx")]
+        [InlineData("Archive-Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell%4Operational-2026-09-21-10-15-30-123.evtx")]
+        public void Hard_blocked_channel_files_are_recognised_by_name(string fileName)
+        {
+            Assert.True(DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsHardBlockedEventLogFile(Path.Combine(WinevtLogs, fileName)));
+        }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData("System.evtx")]
+        [InlineData("Application.evtx")]
+        [InlineData("SecurityAudit.evtx")]
+        [InlineData("Security.log")]
+        [InlineData("Microsoft-Windows-Security-Mitigations%4KernelMode.evtx")]
+        // Same boundary as the collector: only '/' continues a blocked channel name.
+        [InlineData("Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell-DesiredStateConfiguration-FileDownloadManager%4Operational.evtx")]
+        [InlineData("Archive-System-2026-09-21-10-15-30-123.evtx")]
+        public void Other_files_are_not_mistaken_for_a_blocked_channel(string fileName)
+        {
+            Assert.False(DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsHardBlockedEventLogFile(Path.Combine(WinevtLogs, fileName)));
+        }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(false)]
+        [InlineData(true)]
+        public void Path_guard_refuses_a_blocked_channel_file_in_every_mode(bool unrestrictedMode)
+        {
+            Assert.False(DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsDiagnosticsPathAllowed(
+                WinevtLogs + @"\Security.evtx", unrestrictedMode));
+            Assert.False(DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsDiagnosticsPathAllowed(
+                WinevtLogs + @"\Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell%4Operational.evtx", unrestrictedMode));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Path_guard_still_admits_other_channels_and_wildcards()
+        {
+            Assert.True(DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsDiagnosticsPathAllowed(WinevtLogs + @"\System.evtx"));
+            // Undecidable on the string — the packager filters per file (tests below).
+            Assert.True(DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsDiagnosticsPathAllowed(WinevtLogs + @"\*.evtx"));
+        }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData("Security", true)]
+        [InlineData("Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell/Operational", true)]
+        [InlineData(" Windows PowerShell ", true)]
+        [InlineData("Microsoft-Windows-Sysmon/Operational", true)]
+        [InlineData("System", false)]
+        [InlineData("", false)]
+        [InlineData(null, false)]
+        public void Channel_block_is_one_matcher_for_collector_and_package(string? channel, bool blocked)
+        {
+            Assert.Equal(blocked, GatherRuleGuards.IsHardBlockedEventLogChannel(channel!));
+        }
+
+        // ------------------------------------------------------------ packager ----
+
+        // %TEMP% lives under C:\Users, which the path guard blocks in every mode, so the
+        // configured folder sits beside the test assembly and the run is unrestricted — which
+        // is also the strongest form of the claim: not even unrestricted mode collects these.
+        private sealed class EvtxFolder : System.IDisposable
+        {
+            public string Path { get; } = System.IO.Path.Combine(
+                System.AppContext.BaseDirectory, "diag-evtx-" + System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N"));
+
+            public EvtxFolder(params string[] fileNames)
+            {
+                Directory.CreateDirectory(Path);
+                foreach (var name in fileNames)
+                    File.WriteAllBytes(System.IO.Path.Combine(Path, name), new byte[] { 1, 2, 3 });
+            }
+
+            public void Dispose()
+            {
+                try { Directory.Delete(Path, recursive: true); } catch { }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static DiagnosticsPackageService BuildService(
+            TempDirectory scratch, string configuredPath, System.Func<string, string> channelResolver)
+        {
+            var logger = new AgentLogger(Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.Combine(scratch.Path, "logs")).FullName);
+            var apiClient = new BackendApiClient(
+                httpClient: new System.Net.Http.HttpClient(),
+                baseUrl: "http://localhost",
+                manufacturer: string.Empty,
+                model: string.Empty,
+                serialNumber: string.Empty,
+                useBootstrapTokenAuth: false,
+                bootstrapToken: null,
+                agentVersion: "0.0.0",
+                logger: logger);
+
+            var cfg = new AgentConfiguration
+            {
+                SessionId = "S1",
+                TenantId = "T1",
+                ApiBaseUrl = "http://localhost",
+                UnrestrictedMode = true,
+            };
+            cfg.DiagnosticsLogPaths.Add(new DiagnosticsLogPath { Path = configuredPath });
+
+            string Sub(string name) => Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.Combine(scratch.Path, name)).FullName;
+            return new DiagnosticsPackageService(
+                cfg,
+                logger,
+                apiClient,
+                agentLogFolderOverride: Sub("agentlogs"),
+                imeLogFolderOverride: Sub("ime"),
+                agentStateFolderOverride: Sub("state"),
+                agentSpoolFolderOverride: Sub("spool"),
+                agentDataFolderOverride: Sub("data"),
+                sectionFolderOverrides: null,
+                devicePreparationProbe: () => false)
+            {
+                EventLogChannelResolver = channelResolver,
+            };
+        }
+
+        private static List<string> ZipEntryNames(byte[] bytes)
+        {
+            using var ms = new MemoryStream(bytes);
+            using var archive = new ZipArchive(ms, ZipArchiveMode.Read);
+            return archive.Entries.Select(e => e.FullName).ToList();
+        }
+
+        private static string ReadManifest(byte[] bytes)
+        {
+            using var ms = new MemoryStream(bytes);
+            using var archive = new ZipArchive(ms, ZipArchiveMode.Read);
+            using var reader = new StreamReader(archive.GetEntry("package-manifest.txt")!.Open());
+            return reader.ReadToEnd();
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Wildcard_entry_skips_blocked_channel_files_and_keeps_the_rest()
+        {
+            using var scratch = new TempDirectory();
+            using var folder = new EvtxFolder(
+                "Security.evtx", "Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell%4Operational.evtx", "Setup.evtx");
+
+            var service = BuildService(scratch, Path.Combine(folder.Path, "*.evtx"), _ => HarmlessChannel);
+            var bytes = service.BuildArchiveBytes(enrollmentSucceeded: false);
+
+            var entries = ZipEntryNames(bytes);
+            Assert.Contains(entries, e => e.EndsWith("/Setup.evtx"));
+            Assert.DoesNotContain(entries, e => e.EndsWith("Security.evtx"));
+            Assert.DoesNotContain(entries, e => e.Contains("PowerShell"));
+
+            var manifest = ReadManifest(bytes);
+            Assert.Contains("BLOCKED (event-log channel guard", manifest);
+            Assert.Contains("Security.evtx", manifest);
+            Assert.Equal(2, service.LastPackaging!.ProblemsByKind["path-guard"]);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void File_with_a_harmless_name_is_blocked_when_it_resolves_to_a_blocked_channel()
+        {
+            // A channel is free to write to any file name; and the resolver's naming fallback
+            // maps a stray file onto a live channel. The export must never read that channel.
+            using var scratch = new TempDirectory();
+            using var folder = new EvtxFolder("Harmless.evtx");
+
+            var service = BuildService(scratch, Path.Combine(folder.Path, "Harmless.evtx"), _ => "Security");
+            var bytes = service.BuildArchiveBytes(enrollmentSucceeded: false);
+
+            Assert.DoesNotContain(ZipEntryNames(bytes), e => e.EndsWith("Harmless.evtx"));
+            Assert.Contains("BLOCKED (event-log channel guard, channel 'Security')", ReadManifest(bytes));
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Runtime/DiagnosticsPackageServiceTests.cs

@@ -206,6 +206,91 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Runtime
             Assert.Contains($"BLOCKED (path guard): {configuredPath}", manifest);
         }
 
+        // %TEMP% lives under C:\Users, which the guard blocks in every mode — the positive
+        // configured-path cases run beside the test assembly, in unrestricted mode.
+        private sealed class ConfiguredPathTree : System.IDisposable
+        {
+            public string Root { get; } = Path.Combine(
+                System.AppContext.BaseDirectory, "diag-paths-" + System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N"));
+            public string Logs => Path.Combine(Root, "Logs");
+
+            public ConfiguredPathTree()
+            {
+                Directory.CreateDirectory(Path.Combine(Logs, "sub"));
+                File.WriteAllText(Path.Combine(Root, "parent-only.txt"), "not configured");
+                File.WriteAllText(Path.Combine(Logs, "app.log"), "configured");
+                File.WriteAllText(Path.Combine(Logs, "sub", "app.log"), "below");
+            }
+
+            public void Dispose()
+            {
+                try { Directory.Delete(Root, recursive: true); } catch { /* best effort */ }
+            }
+        }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData("")]
+        [InlineData("\\")]
+        public void BuildArchiveBytes_folder_entry_collects_the_folder_not_its_parent(string trailing)
+        {
+            using var rig = new Rig();
+            using var tree = new ConfiguredPathTree();
+
+            var bytes = rig.Build(cfg =>
+                {
+                    cfg.UnrestrictedMode = true;
+                    cfg.DiagnosticsLogPaths.Add(new AutopilotMonitor.Shared.Models.DiagnosticsLogPath
+                    {
+                        Path = tree.Logs + trailing,
+                        IncludeSubfolders = true,
+                    });
+                })
+                .BuildArchiveBytes(enrollmentSucceeded: true);
+
+            var entries = ZipEntryNames(bytes);
+            Assert.Contains("AdditionalLogs/Logs/app.log", entries);
+            Assert.Contains("AdditionalLogs/Logs/sub/app.log", entries);
+            Assert.DoesNotContain(entries, e => e.EndsWith("parent-only.txt"));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void BuildArchiveBytes_file_entry_ignores_include_subfolders()
+        {
+            using var rig = new Rig();
+            using var tree = new ConfiguredPathTree();
+
+            var bytes = rig.Build(cfg =>
+                {
+                    cfg.UnrestrictedMode = true;
+                    cfg.DiagnosticsLogPaths.Add(new AutopilotMonitor.Shared.Models.DiagnosticsLogPath
+                    {
+                        Path = Path.Combine(tree.Logs, "app.log"),
+                        IncludeSubfolders = true,
+                    });
+                })
+                .BuildArchiveBytes(enrollmentSucceeded: true);
+
+            var entries = ZipEntryNames(bytes);
+            Assert.Contains("AdditionalLogs/Logs/app.log", entries);
+            Assert.DoesNotContain("AdditionalLogs/Logs/sub/app.log", entries);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void EnumerateFilesNoReparseDirs_asks_the_guard_before_entering_a_subfolder()
+        {
+            using var tree = new ConfiguredPathTree();
+            var refused = new List<string>();
+
+            var files = DiagnosticsPackageService.EnumerateFilesNoReparseDirs(
+                tree.Root, "*", recurse: true,
+                mayEnterDirectory: dir => !dir.EndsWith("sub"),
+                refusedDirectories: refused);
+
+            Assert.Contains(Path.Combine(tree.Logs, "app.log"), files);
+            Assert.DoesNotContain(Path.Combine(tree.Logs, "sub", "app.log"), files);
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { Path.Combine(tree.Logs, "sub") }, refused);
+        }
+
         [Fact]
         public void BuildArchiveBytes_excludes_top_level_session_id_and_bootstrap_config()
         {

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/SystemSignals/ImeRegistryAppStateObserverTests.cs

@@ -59,9 +59,17 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.SystemSignals
         public void ClassifyEnforcementState_bands(int state, string expected)
             => Assert.Equal(expected, ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.ClassifyEnforcementState(state));
 
+        // IME AppInstallStatus values (StatusServiceReports\..\Status), stable IME 1.50 .. 1.106.
+        // 1001/1003 sit inside the 1000 band but are NOT terminal — IME maps every InProgress
+        // enforcement state to 1001 (verified in the decompiled 1.106 StatusServiceHelpers).
         [Theory]
         [InlineData(1000, "installed")]
-        [InlineData(1999, "installed")]
+        [InlineData(1002, "installed")]
+        [InlineData(1004, "installed")]
+        [InlineData(1001, "installing")]
+        [InlineData(1003, "installing")]
+        [InlineData(1005, null)]
+        [InlineData(1999, null)]
         [InlineData(3000, "failed")]
         [InlineData(2000, "notApplicable")]
         [InlineData(2999, "notApplicable")]
@@ -72,6 +80,35 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.SystemSignals
         public void ClassifyStatusServiceStatus_bands(int status, string? expected)
             => Assert.Equal(expected, ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.ClassifyStatusServiceStatus(status));
 
+        [Fact]
+        public void TryParseRegistryDateTime_reads_both_ime_shapes_as_utc()
+        {
+            // ExecutionDeadlineTime: DateTime.ToString(InvariantCulture), UTC without a kind marker.
+            var deadline = ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TryParseRegistryDateTime("09/23/2026 18:00:00");
+            Assert.Equal(new DateTime(2026, 9, 23, 18, 0, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc), deadline);
+            Assert.Equal(DateTimeKind.Utc, deadline!.Value.Kind);
+
+            // DeferUntilTime: round-trip "o" with trailing Z.
+            var until = ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TryParseRegistryDateTime("2026-09-23T10:30:00.0000000Z");
+            Assert.Equal(new DateTime(2026, 9, 23, 10, 30, 0, DateTimeKind.Utc), until);
+            Assert.Equal(DateTimeKind.Utc, until!.Value.Kind);
+
+            Assert.Null(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TryParseRegistryDateTime(null));
+            Assert.Null(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TryParseRegistryDateTime(""));
+            Assert.Null(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TryParseRegistryDateTime("not a date"));
+            Assert.Null(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TryParseRegistryDateTime(42));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void TryReadBool_parses_registry_strings_only()
+        {
+            Assert.True(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TryReadBool("True"));
+            Assert.False(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TryReadBool("false"));
+            Assert.Null(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TryReadBool("yes"));
+            Assert.Null(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TryReadBool(1));
+            Assert.Null(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TryReadBool(null));
+        }
+
         [Fact]
         public void TerminalOutcome_prefers_enforcement_state_then_status_service()
         {
@@ -88,6 +125,49 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.SystemSignals
             Assert.Null(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TerminalOutcome(Entry(enforcementState: 3000)));
             Assert.Null(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TerminalOutcome(Entry(statusServiceStatus: 2500)));
             Assert.Null(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TerminalOutcome(Entry()));
+            // Installing (1001) / InstallingPendingReboot (1003) share the 1000 band but are not terminal.
+            Assert.Null(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TerminalOutcome(Entry(statusServiceStatus: 1001)));
+            Assert.Null(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.TerminalOutcome(Entry(enforcementState: 2009, statusServiceStatus: 1003)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ChangedFields_reports_wait_state_triggers_only()
+        {
+            var prev = Entry(enforcementState: 2009);
+            var next = Entry(enforcementState: 2009,
+                installDeadlineUtc: T0.AddHours(2),
+                deferralsUsed: 1, deferralMaxDeferrals: 3, deferUntilUtc: T0.AddMinutes(30), deferralAutoDeferred: false);
+
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { "installDeadline", "deferralsUsed", "deferUntil" },
+                ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.ChangedFields(prev, next));
+
+            // MaxDeferrals / AutoDeferred alone are data, not a transition.
+            var sameCounters = Entry(enforcementState: 2009,
+                installDeadlineUtc: T0.AddHours(2),
+                deferralsUsed: 1, deferralMaxDeferrals: 5, deferUntilUtc: T0.AddMinutes(30), deferralAutoDeferred: true);
+            Assert.Empty(ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.ChangedFields(next, sameCounters));
+
+            // A cleared deadline is a transition too (IME clears it when the next download starts).
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { "installDeadline" },
+                ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.ChangedFields(
+                    Entry(installDeadlineUtc: T0.AddHours(2)), Entry()));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void DescribeWaitState_texts()
+        {
+            Assert.Equal(string.Empty, ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.DescribeWaitState(Entry(enforcementState: 2009)));
+            Assert.Equal(", downloaded, install deadline 2026-08-18 10:00 UTC",
+                ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.DescribeWaitState(Entry(installDeadlineUtc: T0.AddHours(2))));
+            Assert.Equal(", deferred by user 1/3 until 2026-08-18 08:30 UTC",
+                ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.DescribeWaitState(Entry(
+                    deferralsUsed: 1, deferralMaxDeferrals: 3, deferUntilUtc: T0.AddMinutes(30), deferralAutoDeferred: false)));
+            Assert.Equal(", auto-deferred 2/3",
+                ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.DescribeWaitState(Entry(
+                    deferralsUsed: 2, deferralMaxDeferrals: 3, deferralAutoDeferred: true)));
+            // Zero deferrals used is not a deferral; a missing max falls back to the bare count.
+            Assert.Equal(string.Empty, ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.DescribeWaitState(Entry(deferralsUsed: 0, deferralMaxDeferrals: 3)));
+            Assert.Equal(", deferred by user 1", ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.DescribeWaitState(Entry(deferralsUsed: 1)));
         }
 
         [Fact]
@@ -184,6 +264,54 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.SystemSignals
             Assert.Equal("success", evt.Payload["enforcementClass"]);
         }
 
+        [Fact]
+        public void Wait_state_changes_emit_state_events_with_data_and_text()
+        {
+            var (sink, clock, observer) = CreateObserver(trackerApps: null);
+            var current = Snapshot((App1, 2009, null));
+
+            using (new ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.ScopedSnapshotOverride(() => current))
+            {
+                observer.Tick("baseline");
+
+                // Download finished, IME parks the app until its install deadline (1.106 ExecutionDeadlineTime).
+                var withDeadline = Snapshot((App1, 2009, null));
+                withDeadline.Entries.Values.Single().InstallDeadlineUtc = T0.AddHours(2);
+                current = withDeadline;
+                observer.Tick("registry_change");
+
+                // A required app hits a running process and the user defers (1.105 app-in-use deferral).
+                var deferred = Snapshot((App1, 2014, null));
+                var entry = deferred.Entries.Values.Single();
+                entry.InstallDeadlineUtc = T0.AddHours(2);
+                entry.DeferralsUsed = 1;
+                entry.DeferralMaxDeferrals = 3;
+                entry.DeferUntilUtc = T0.AddMinutes(30);
+                entry.DeferralAutoDeferred = false;
+                current = deferred;
+                observer.Tick("registry_change");
+            }
+
+            var events = Events(sink, SharedEventTypes.RegistryAppState);
+            Assert.Equal(2, events.Count);
+
+            var deadlineEvent = events[0];
+            Assert.Equal("installDeadline", deadlineEvent.Payload!["changedFields"]);
+            Assert.Equal("2026-08-18T10:00:00.0000000Z", deadlineEvent.Payload["installDeadlineUtc"]);
+            Assert.DoesNotContain("deferralsUsed", deadlineEvent.Payload.Keys);
+            Assert.Contains("-> inProgress, downloaded, install deadline 2026-08-18 10:00 UTC",
+                deadlineEvent.Payload[SignalPayloadKeys.Message]);
+
+            var deferralEvent = events[1];
+            Assert.Equal("enforcementState,deferralsUsed,deferUntil", deferralEvent.Payload!["changedFields"]);
+            Assert.Equal("2014", deferralEvent.Payload["enforcementState"]);
+            Assert.Equal("1", deferralEvent.Payload["deferralsUsed"]);
+            Assert.Equal("3", deferralEvent.Payload["deferralMaxDeferrals"]);
+            Assert.Equal("2026-08-18T08:30:00.0000000Z", deferralEvent.Payload["deferUntilUtc"]);
+            Assert.Equal("false", deferralEvent.Payload["deferralAutoDeferred"]);
+            Assert.Contains("deferred by user 1/3 until 2026-08-18 08:30 UTC", deferralEvent.Payload[SignalPayloadKeys.Message]);
+        }
+
         [Fact]
         public void NonEmpty_baseline_emits_one_summary_with_counts()
         {
@@ -331,7 +459,9 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.SystemSignals
 
         private static AppRegistryEntry Entry(
             int? enforcementState = null, long? errorCode = null, int? exitCode = null,
-            int? statusServiceStatus = null, bool espTracked = false, string? espPhase = null)
+            int? statusServiceStatus = null, bool espTracked = false, string? espPhase = null,
+            DateTime? installDeadlineUtc = null, int? deferralsUsed = null, int? deferralMaxDeferrals = null,
+            DateTime? deferUntilUtc = null, bool? deferralAutoDeferred = null)
         {
             var entry = new AppRegistryEntry($"{ImeRegistrySnapshot.DeviceContext}|{App1}", ImeRegistrySnapshot.DeviceContext, App1);
             entry.EnforcementState = enforcementState;
@@ -340,6 +470,11 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.SystemSignals
             entry.StatusServiceStatus = statusServiceStatus;
             entry.EspTracked = espTracked;
             entry.EspPhase = espPhase;
+            entry.InstallDeadlineUtc = installDeadlineUtc;
+            entry.DeferralsUsed = deferralsUsed;
+            entry.DeferralMaxDeferrals = deferralMaxDeferrals;
+            entry.DeferUntilUtc = deferUntilUtc;
+            entry.DeferralAutoDeferred = deferralAutoDeferred;
             return entry;
         }
 

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/SystemSignals/ProvisioningStatusTrackerPendingFailureTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,92 @@
+using System;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Logging;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Orchestration;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Harness;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Orchestration;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.SystemSignals
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// <see cref="ProvisioningStatusTracker.TryGetPendingFailureArgs"/> exposes the registry
+    /// failure detail while its settle window is open and nothing once the window has fired —
+    /// the coordinator reads it when a Shell-Core failure terminalises first (session 683f1eff).
+    /// </summary>
+    public sealed class ProvisioningStatusTrackerPendingFailureTests
+    {
+        private static readonly DateTime Fixed = new DateTime(2026, 9, 8, 18, 11, 2, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+
+        private const string InProgressJson = @"{
+            ""categorySucceeded"": null,
+            ""AppsSubcategory"": {""subcategoryState"":""inProgress"",""subcategoryStatusText"":""Apps (Working)""}
+        }";
+        private const string AppsFailedJson = @"{
+            ""categorySucceeded"": null,
+            ""AppsSubcategory"": {""subcategoryState"":""failed"",""subcategoryStatusText"":""Apps (0x80070652)""}
+        }";
+
+        private sealed class Fixture : IDisposable
+        {
+            public TempDirectory Tmp { get; } = new TempDirectory();
+            public ProvisioningStatusTracker Tracker { get; }
+
+            public Fixture()
+            {
+                var post = new InformationalEventPost(new FakeSignalIngressSink(), new VirtualClock(Fixed));
+                var logger = new AgentLogger(Tmp.Path, AgentLogLevel.Info);
+                Tracker = new ProvisioningStatusTracker(
+                    sessionId: "S1",
+                    tenantId: "T1",
+                    post: post,
+                    logger: logger,
+                    appxScanner: new FakeAppxDeploymentFailureScanner(),
+                    backgroundDispatcher: action => action());
+            }
+
+            public void Dispose()
+            {
+                Tracker.Dispose();
+                Tmp.Dispose();
+            }
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Nothing_pending_before_any_failure()
+        {
+            using var f = new Fixture();
+            Assert.Null(f.Tracker.TryGetPendingFailureArgs());
+
+            f.Tracker.ProcessCategoryStatusForTest("DeviceSetupCategory.Status", InProgressJson);
+            Assert.Null(f.Tracker.TryGetPendingFailureArgs());
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Armed_settle_window_exposes_the_registry_detail()
+        {
+            using var f = new Fixture();
+            f.Tracker.ProcessCategoryStatusForTest("DeviceSetupCategory.Status", InProgressJson);
+            f.Tracker.ProcessCategoryStatusForTest("DeviceSetupCategory.Status", AppsFailedJson);
+
+            var pending = f.Tracker.TryGetPendingFailureArgs();
+
+            Assert.NotNull(pending);
+            Assert.Equal("Provisioning_DeviceSetup_Apps_Failed", pending!.FailureType);
+            Assert.Equal("0x80070652", pending.ErrorCode);
+            Assert.Equal("Apps", pending.FailedSubcategory);
+            Assert.Equal("DeviceSetup", pending.Category);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Expired_settle_window_leaves_nothing_pending()
+        {
+            using var f = new Fixture();
+            f.Tracker.ProcessCategoryStatusForTest("DeviceSetupCategory.Status", InProgressJson);
+            f.Tracker.ProcessCategoryStatusForTest("DeviceSetupCategory.Status", AppsFailedJson);
+
+            f.Tracker.TriggerSettleTimerForTest("DeviceSetupCategory.Status");
+
+            Assert.Null(f.Tracker.TryGetPendingFailureArgs());
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Telemetry/Gather/GuardrailsParityTests.cs

@@ -56,6 +56,31 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
                 LoadEmbeddedGuardrails()["maxCommandLength"]!.Value<int>());
         }
 
+        [Fact]
+        public void User_profile_prefixes_are_all_accepted_by_the_loader()
+        {
+            // The loader drops entries outside AppData\Local / AppData\Roaming (the hard block
+            // would never release them anyway). A dropped entry is invisible at runtime — it
+            // just never matches — so a typo in the JSON must fail here instead.
+            var json = LoadEmbeddedGuardrails()["userProfileFilePrefixes"]?.ToObject<string[]>()
+                       ?? new string[0];
+
+            Assert.Equal(
+                json.Select(p => p.Trim().TrimEnd('\\')).OrderBy(p => p),
+                GatherRuleGuards.AllowedUserProfileFilePrefixes.OrderBy(p => p));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void User_profile_prefixes_stay_under_the_hard_blocks_exception()
+        {
+            Assert.All(
+                GatherRuleGuards.AllowedUserProfileFilePrefixes,
+                prefix => Assert.Contains(
+                    GatherRuleGuards.AllowedUserProfileSubdirs,
+                    subdir => prefix.StartsWith(subdir, System.StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
+                              (prefix.Length == subdir.Length || prefix[subdir.Length] == '\\')));
+        }
+
         [Fact]
         public void Blocked_event_log_channels_match_code_constants()
         {

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Transport/EmergencyReporterTests.cs

@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Transport
         private sealed class FakeApiClient : BackendApiClient
         {
             public readonly List<TimeSpan?> Timeouts = new List<TimeSpan?>();
+            public readonly List<AgentErrorReport> Reports = new List<AgentErrorReport>();
             public readonly Queue<bool> Results = new Queue<bool>();
 
             public FakeApiClient() : base(
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Transport
             public override Task<bool> ReportAgentErrorAsync(AgentErrorReport report, TimeSpan? timeout = null)
             {
                 Timeouts.Add(timeout);
+                Reports.Add(report);
                 return Task.FromResult(Results.Count > 0 && Results.Dequeue());
             }
         }
@@ -139,5 +141,21 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Transport
 
             Assert.Equal(2, client.Calls);
         }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Session_age_is_carried_in_the_report_and_absent_by_default()
+        {
+            // One reporter per report: a delivered report starts the 10-minute cooldown.
+            var client = new FakeApiClient();
+            client.Results.Enqueue(true);
+            client.Results.Enqueue(true);
+
+            await Reporter(client).TrySendAsync(AgentErrorType.SessionAgeEmergencyBreak, "m", sessionAgeHours: 478.2);
+            await Reporter(client).TrySendAsync(AgentErrorType.ConfigFetchFailed, "m");
+
+            Assert.Equal(2, client.Reports.Count);
+            Assert.Equal(478.2, client.Reports[0].SessionAgeHours);
+            Assert.Null(client.Reports[1].SessionAgeHours);
+        }
     }
 }

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Monitoring/Transport/GeoLocationServiceTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,88 @@
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport;
+using Newtonsoft.Json.Linq;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Monitoring.Transport
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Response parsers of the geo providers. Addresses come from the RFC 5737 documentation
+    /// ranges — never real ones.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class GeoLocationServiceTests
+    {
+        [Fact]
+        public void ParseDoGeo_maps_country_and_egress_ip_and_ignores_the_do_service_fields()
+        {
+            var json = JObject.Parse(@"{
+                ""ExternalIpAddress"": ""203.0.113.7"",
+                ""CountryCode"": ""DE"",
+                ""KeyValue_EndpointFullUri"": ""https://kv601.prod.do.dsp.mp.microsoft.com/all"",
+                ""Version"": ""26A6D4D6994E8DA5"",
+                ""CacheId"": ""7"",
+                ""ContentCert"": false,
+                ""DownloadModeFailSafe"": """"
+            }");
+
+            var result = GeoLocationService.ParseDoGeo(json);
+
+            Assert.NotNull(result);
+            Assert.Equal("DE", result.Country);
+            Assert.Equal("203.0.113.7", result.Ip);
+            Assert.Equal("do-geo", result.Source);
+            Assert.Null(result.Region);
+            Assert.Null(result.City);
+            Assert.Null(result.Loc);
+            Assert.Null(result.Timezone);
+        }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(@"{ ""ExternalIpAddress"": ""203.0.113.7"" }")]
+        [InlineData(@"{ ""ExternalIpAddress"": ""203.0.113.7"", ""CountryCode"": """" }")]
+        public void ParseDoGeo_without_country_is_a_failure(string body)
+        {
+            Assert.Null(GeoLocationService.ParseDoGeo(JObject.Parse(body)));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ParseIpInfo_maps_all_fields()
+        {
+            var json = JObject.Parse(@"{
+                ""ip"": ""198.51.100.4"", ""city"": ""Stuttgart"", ""region"": ""Baden-Wurttemberg"",
+                ""country"": ""DE"", ""loc"": ""48.7823,9.1770"", ""timezone"": ""Europe/Berlin""
+            }");
+
+            var result = GeoLocationService.ParseIpInfo(json);
+
+            Assert.Equal("DE", result.Country);
+            Assert.Equal("Baden-Wurttemberg", result.Region);
+            Assert.Equal("Stuttgart", result.City);
+            Assert.Equal("48.7823,9.1770", result.Loc);
+            Assert.Equal("Europe/Berlin", result.Timezone);
+            Assert.Equal("198.51.100.4", result.Ip);
+            Assert.Equal("ipinfo", result.Source);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void ParseIfConfigCo_joins_coordinates_and_leaves_loc_empty_without_them()
+        {
+            var withCoords = GeoLocationService.ParseIfConfigCo(JObject.Parse(@"{
+                ""ip"": ""198.51.100.4"", ""country_iso"": ""DE"", ""region_name"": ""Bavaria"",
+                ""city"": ""Munich"", ""latitude"": 48.13, ""longitude"": 11.58, ""time_zone"": ""Europe/Berlin""
+            }"));
+            var withoutCoords = GeoLocationService.ParseIfConfigCo(JObject.Parse(@"{ ""country_iso"": ""DE"" }"));
+
+            Assert.Equal("48.13,11.58", withCoords.Loc);
+            Assert.Equal("DE", withCoords.Country);
+            Assert.Equal("Bavaria", withCoords.Region);
+            Assert.Equal("ifconfig.co", withCoords.Source);
+            Assert.Equal("", withoutCoords.Loc);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Describe_skips_the_parts_a_provider_did_not_return()
+        {
+            Assert.Equal("Stuttgart, BW, DE", new GeoLocationResult { City = "Stuttgart", Region = "BW", Country = "DE" }.Describe());
+            Assert.Equal("DE", new GeoLocationResult { Country = "DE", Region = "" }.Describe());
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Orchestration/EnrollmentOrchestratorTests.cs

@@ -265,6 +265,42 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Orchestration
             sut.Stop();
         }
 
+        [Fact]
+        public void Deadline_fired_late_keeps_the_due_time_as_stamp_and_carries_it_in_the_payload()
+        {
+            // A deadline that was due while the device slept (or the agent was down) fires only
+            // afterwards. The signal keeps the due time as OccurredAtUtc (D-238: the outage must not
+            // become session duration) and repeats it in the payload so the stale-fire guards
+            // identify the incarnation independently of the stamp.
+            using var rig = new EnrollmentOrchestratorRig(At);
+            var sut = rig.Build();
+            sut.Start();
+
+            var dueAt = At.AddMinutes(-5);
+            var scheduler = GetScheduler(sut);
+            scheduler.Schedule(new ActiveDeadline(
+                name: "hello_safety",
+                dueAtUtc: dueAt,
+                firesSignalKind: DecisionSignalKind.DeadlineFired,
+                firesPayload: new Dictionary<string, string> { [SignalPayloadKeys.Deadline] = "hello_safety" }));
+
+            var signalLog = GetSignalLog(sut);
+            Assert.True(SpinWait.SpinUntil(() => ContainsDeadlineFired(signalLog), 3000));
+
+            DecisionSignal? fired = null;
+            foreach (var sig in signalLog.ReadAll())
+            {
+                if (sig.Kind == DecisionSignalKind.DeadlineFired) { fired = sig; break; }
+            }
+            Assert.NotNull(fired);
+            Assert.Equal(dueAt, fired!.OccurredAtUtc);
+            Assert.NotNull(fired.Payload);
+            Assert.Equal("hello_safety", fired.Payload![SignalPayloadKeys.Deadline]);
+            Assert.Equal(dueAt.ToString("O"), fired.Payload[SignalPayloadKeys.DeadlineDueAtUtc]);
+
+            sut.Stop();
+        }
+
         // ========================================================================= Quarantine
 
         [Fact]

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Orchestration/RecoveryCoordinatorTests.cs

@@ -162,6 +162,28 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Orchestration
             Assert.Equal(SessionStage.AwaitingHello, result.InitialState.Stage);
         }
 
+        [Fact]
+        public void Clean_snapshot_of_a_rotated_session_adopts_the_current_session_id()
+        {
+            // SESSION-OWNER-BINDING: the backend refused the persisted session id at registration,
+            // the agent rotated, and the snapshot on disk still names the old session. The
+            // enrollment state carries over; the session id must be the current one.
+            using var rig = new Rig();
+            var saved = DecisionState.CreateInitial("S-REFUSED", TenantId)
+                .ToBuilder()
+                .WithStage(SessionStage.EspAccountSetup)
+                .WithStepIndex(7)
+                .WithLastAppliedSignalOrdinal(6)
+                .Build();
+            SeedSnapshot(rig, saved);
+
+            var result = rig.Recover();
+
+            Assert.Equal(SessionId, result.InitialState.SessionId);
+            Assert.Equal(SessionStage.EspAccountSetup, result.InitialState.Stage);
+            Assert.Equal(7, result.InitialState.StepIndex);
+        }
+
         [Fact]
         public void Snapshot_plus_pending_tail_replays_tail_onto_snapshot()
         {

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Orchestration/SignalActivityClassifierTests.cs

@@ -37,6 +37,12 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Orchestration
         [InlineData("modern_deployment_log")]
         // Environment observation — battery drain on an idle device must not reset idle clocks.
         [InlineData("power_state_change")]
+        // A flapping link is environment too: it must neither keep the collectors awake nor
+        // reset the stall clock of the enrollment it is stalling.
+        [InlineData("network_state_change")]
+        [InlineData("network_connectivity_check")]
+        // Bookkeeping of health-script runs that were deliberately not reported.
+        [InlineData("script_recurrence_summary")]
         // Agent health / control / transport — not device/enrollment progress (P2).
         [InlineData("collector_degraded")]
         [InlineData("telemetry_upload_poisoned")]
@@ -67,6 +73,18 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Orchestration
             Assert.True(SignalActivityClassifier.IsRealActivity(DecisionSignalKind.InformationalEvent, payload));
         }
 
+        [Theory]
+        // Only the link-change pair is exempt. The device-info snapshots are emitted at start
+        // and at the end, not per flap, and stay activity.
+        [InlineData("network_interface_info")]
+        [InlineData("wifi_signal_info")]
+        [InlineData("network_bandwidth_estimate")]
+        public void Other_network_events_remain_activity(string eventType)
+        {
+            var payload = new Dictionary<string, string> { [SignalPayloadKeys.EventType] = eventType };
+            Assert.True(SignalActivityClassifier.IsRealActivity(DecisionSignalKind.InformationalEvent, payload));
+        }
+
         [Theory]
         // Genuine ModernDeployment warnings/errors stay real activity — only the Info/Debug
         // `modern_deployment_log` forwarding is excluded.

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Program/ProgramGuardsTests.cs

@@ -149,6 +149,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Program
             persistence.SaveSessionCreatedAt(DateTime.UtcNow.AddHours(-100));
 
             var stateDir = Path.Combine(tmp.Path, "State");
+            double? reportedAgeHours = null;
 
             var tripped = AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.CheckSessionAgeEmergencyBreak(
                 dataDirectory: tmp.Path,
@@ -157,9 +158,13 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Program
                 selfDestructOnComplete: false,
                 cleanupServiceFactory: null,
                 logger: logger,
-                consoleMode: false);
+                consoleMode: false,
+                onBreakFired: ageHours => reportedAgeHours = ageHours);
 
             Assert.True(tripped);
+            // The measured age reaches the break report (the backend cannot derive it).
+            Assert.NotNull(reportedAgeHours);
+            Assert.InRange(reportedAgeHours.Value, 99.9, 100.1);
             // Marker must have been written so the next restart exits cleanly.
             Assert.True(File.Exists(Path.Combine(stateDir, "enrollment-complete.marker")));
             // Session must have been cleared.
@@ -302,6 +307,114 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Program
             Assert.False(File.Exists(path));
         }
 
+        // ================================================================= Multi-instance guard
+
+        private static AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.AgentProcessFact Proc(int pid, int sessionId)
+            => new AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.AgentProcessFact(pid, sessionId);
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void FindSiblingAgentPid_ignores_a_same_named_process_in_a_user_session()
+        {
+            // The agent (pid 100, session 0) starts while a standard user keeps a process with
+            // the agent's image name resident in their own session. It must not block the start.
+            var matches = new[] { Proc(100, 0), Proc(200, 1) };
+
+            Assert.Equal(0, AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.FindSiblingAgentPid(matches, ownPid: 100));
+        }
+
+        [Theory]
+        [InlineData(1)]
+        [InlineData(2)]
+        [InlineData(7)]
+        [InlineData(-1)]
+        public void FindSiblingAgentPid_ignores_every_session_but_zero(int sessionId)
+        {
+            var matches = new[] { Proc(100, 0), Proc(200, sessionId) };
+
+            Assert.Equal(0, AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.FindSiblingAgentPid(matches, ownPid: 100));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void FindSiblingAgentPid_reports_a_second_runtime_in_session_zero()
+        {
+            // Self-update restart while the old runtime is still alive — the single-agent
+            // invariant the guard exists for.
+            var matches = new[] { Proc(100, 0), Proc(300, 0) };
+
+            Assert.Equal(300, AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.FindSiblingAgentPid(matches, ownPid: 100));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void FindSiblingAgentPid_never_reports_the_caller_itself()
+        {
+            var matches = new[] { Proc(100, 0) };
+
+            Assert.Equal(0, AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.FindSiblingAgentPid(matches, ownPid: 100));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void FindSiblingAgentPid_skips_user_session_processes_listed_before_the_runtime()
+        {
+            // Install-mode launch verification: a user-session process enumerated first must not
+            // be reported as the launched runtime.
+            var matches = new[] { Proc(200, 1), Proc(201, 2), Proc(100, 0), Proc(300, 0) };
+
+            Assert.Equal(300, AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.FindSiblingAgentPid(matches, ownPid: 100));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void FindSiblingAgentPid_blocks_an_interactive_start_next_to_the_session_zero_runtime()
+        {
+            // --console run from an admin prompt (session 1) while the Scheduled Task runtime is up.
+            var matches = new[] { Proc(100, 1), Proc(300, 0) };
+
+            Assert.Equal(300, AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.FindSiblingAgentPid(matches, ownPid: 100));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void FindSiblingAgentPid_returns_zero_for_no_matches()
+        {
+            Assert.Equal(0, AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.FindSiblingAgentPid(
+                new AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.AgentProcessFact[0], ownPid: 100));
+            Assert.Equal(0, AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.FindSiblingAgentPid(null, ownPid: 100));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void SnapshotProcessesByName_reads_pid_and_session_of_the_running_test_host()
+        {
+            using var self = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetCurrentProcess();
+
+            var facts = AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.SnapshotProcessesByName(self.ProcessName);
+
+            var own = Assert.Single(facts, f => f.Pid == self.Id);
+            Assert.Equal(self.SessionId, own.SessionId);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void SnapshotProcessesByName_reads_the_session_of_system_owned_processes_without_access_rights()
+        {
+            // Positive control for the fail-open direction: the session id comes from the process
+            // snapshot, not from an opened handle, so even an unprivileged caller reads it for
+            // SYSTEM-owned service hosts. A skipped process would let a real sibling go unseen.
+            var expected = System.Diagnostics.Process.GetProcessesByName("svchost");
+            foreach (var p in expected) p.Dispose();
+
+            var facts = AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.SnapshotProcessesByName("svchost");
+
+            Assert.NotEmpty(facts);
+            Assert.All(facts, f => Assert.True(f.Pid > 0));
+            Assert.Contains(facts, f => f.SessionId == 0);
+            // Service hosts come and go; a wholesale access failure would drop (nearly) all of them.
+            Assert.True(facts.Count >= expected.Length / 2,
+                $"Snapshot returned {facts.Count} of ~{expected.Length} svchost processes.");
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void SnapshotProcessesByName_returns_empty_for_an_unknown_name()
+        {
+            Assert.Empty(AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Program.SnapshotProcessesByName("no-such-process-" + Guid.NewGuid().ToString("N")));
+        }
+
         // ================================================================= Crash log writer
 
         [Fact]

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Runtime/StartupEnvironmentProbesTests.cs

@@ -62,6 +62,18 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Runtime
             Assert.Equal("ipinfo.io", evt.Data["source"]);
         }
 
+        [Fact]
+        public void BuildGeoEvent_country_only_location_has_no_empty_parts_in_message()
+        {
+            var loc = new GeoLocationResult { Country = "DE", Source = "do-geo" };
+
+            var evt = StartupEnvironmentProbes.BuildGeoEvent(Config(), loc);
+
+            Assert.Equal("Device location: DE (via do-geo)", evt.Message);
+            Assert.Equal("DE", evt.Data["country"]);
+            Assert.Equal("do-geo", evt.Data["source"]);
+        }
+
         // ================================================================= Outbound IP
 
         [Fact]
@@ -98,6 +110,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Runtime
                 PrimaryError = "connection refused",
                 PrimaryRetryError = "DNS failure",
                 FallbackError = "timeout",
+                DoGeoError = "HTTP 403 (Forbidden)",
             };
 
             var evt = StartupEnvironmentProbes.BuildGeoFailureEvent(cfg, attempt);
@@ -108,6 +121,8 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Runtime
             Assert.Equal("connection refused", evt.Data["primaryError"]);
             Assert.Equal("DNS failure", evt.Data["primaryRetryError"]);
             Assert.Equal("timeout", evt.Data["fallbackError"]);
+            Assert.Equal("HTTP 403 (Forbidden)", evt.Data["doGeoError"]);
+            Assert.Equal("do-geo", evt.Data["lastResortProvider"]);
         }
 
         [Fact]
@@ -119,6 +134,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Runtime
             Assert.Equal("unknown", evt.Data["primaryError"]);
             Assert.Equal("unknown", evt.Data["primaryRetryError"]);
             Assert.Equal("unknown", evt.Data["fallbackError"]);
+            Assert.Equal("unknown", evt.Data["doGeoError"]);
         }
 
         // ================================================================= Timezone

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Security/SessionRegistrationHelperTests.cs

@@ -137,6 +137,86 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Security
             Assert.Equal(originalSessionId, result.RotatedFromSessionId);
         }
 
+        private static BackendRefusalException TenantConflict()
+            => new BackendRefusalException("Backend returned 409 Conflict with error code session_owner_mismatch.", 409,
+                AutopilotMonitor.Shared.Constants.AgentErrorCodes.SessionOwnerMismatch);
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Tenant_conflict_409_rotates_once_like_an_owner_mismatch()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            var logger = NewLogger(tmp);
+            var config = NewConfig();
+            var originalSessionId = config.SessionId;
+            var rotatedTo = Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
+            var seenSessionIds = new System.Collections.Generic.List<string>();
+
+            var apiClient = new FakeApiClient(
+                attempt => attempt == 1
+                    ? throw TenantConflict()
+                    : new RegisterSessionResponse { Success = true, SessionId = rotatedTo, ValidatedBy = ValidatorType.AutopilotV1 },
+                onRegister: r => seenSessionIds.Add(r.SessionId));
+
+            var tracker = new AuthFailureTracker(maxFailures: 5, timeoutMinutes: 0,
+                clock: SystemClock.Instance, logger: logger);
+
+            var result = await SessionRegistrationHelper.RegisterWithRetryAsync(
+                apiClient, config, agentVersion: "0.0.0", logger: logger,
+                authFailureTracker: tracker,
+                backoffDelay: _ => throw new InvalidOperationException("rotation must retry without backoff"),
+                networkLinkWait: _ => Task.CompletedTask,
+                rotateSession: () => { config.SessionId = rotatedTo; return rotatedTo; });
+
+            Assert.Equal(SessionRegistrationOutcome.Succeeded, result.Outcome);
+            Assert.Equal(new[] { originalSessionId, rotatedTo }, seenSessionIds);
+            Assert.Equal(originalSessionId, result.RotatedFromSessionId);
+            Assert.Equal(0, tracker.ConsecutiveFailures);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Coded_refusal_after_rotation_fails_without_retry_or_auth_failure()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            var logger = NewLogger(tmp);
+            var config = NewConfig();
+
+            var apiClient = new FakeApiClient(_ => throw TenantConflict());
+            var tracker = new AuthFailureTracker(maxFailures: 5, timeoutMinutes: 0,
+                clock: SystemClock.Instance, logger: logger);
+
+            var result = await SessionRegistrationHelper.RegisterWithRetryAsync(
+                apiClient, config, agentVersion: "0.0.0", logger: logger,
+                authFailureTracker: tracker,
+                backoffDelay: _ => throw new InvalidOperationException("a coded refusal must not be retried"),
+                networkLinkWait: _ => Task.CompletedTask,
+                rotateSession: () => { config.SessionId = Guid.NewGuid().ToString(); return config.SessionId; });
+
+            Assert.Equal(SessionRegistrationOutcome.Failed, result.Outcome);
+            Assert.Equal(2, apiClient.CallCount);
+            Assert.Equal(0, tracker.ConsecutiveFailures);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Rotation_hook_failure_on_a_tenant_conflict_fails_without_auth_failure()
+        {
+            using var tmp = new TempDirectory();
+            var logger = NewLogger(tmp);
+            var config = NewConfig();
+
+            var apiClient = new FakeApiClient(_ => throw TenantConflict());
+            var tracker = new AuthFailureTracker(maxFailures: 5, timeoutMinutes: 0,
+                clock: SystemClock.Instance, logger: logger);
+
+            var result = await SessionRegistrationHelper.RegisterWithRetryAsync(
+                apiClient, config, agentVersion: "0.0.0", logger: logger,
+                authFailureTracker: tracker, networkLinkWait: _ => Task.CompletedTask,
+                rotateSession: () => throw new IOException("disk full"));
+
+            Assert.Equal(SessionRegistrationOutcome.Failed, result.Outcome);
+            Assert.Equal(1, apiClient.CallCount);
+            Assert.Equal(0, tracker.ConsecutiveFailures);
+        }
+
         [Fact]
         public async Task Second_owner_mismatch_after_rotation_is_an_auth_failure()
         {

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/SignalAdapters/ImeLogTrackerAdapterDurationProvenanceTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,292 @@
+using System;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.SignalAdapters;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Harness;
+using SharedEventTypes = AutopilotMonitor.Shared.Constants.EventTypes;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.SignalAdapters
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// A script run duration is the span between two CMTrace lines, each resolved on its own zone
+    /// belief. When the beliefs differ the span is a whole number of offset-grid steps plus the run
+    /// time, not the run time: session 4377911b read a 10 s script as 3610 s (start line-anchored
+    /// +120, result re-read after an overwrite rewind in the reader's zone +60 and rejected as
+    /// ahead of the clock), a fleet tenant read 2–9 s scripts as 17 h every day. The adapter judges
+    /// the pair from the provenance bound to each line and omits the span rather than lie.
+    /// </summary>
+    public sealed class ImeLogTrackerAdapterDurationProvenanceTests
+    {
+        private const string ServiceLog = "IntuneManagementExtension.log";
+        private const string ExecutorLog = "AgentExecutor.log";
+
+        private static CmTraceLineProvenance Line(
+            DateTime resolvedUtc, int offsetMinutes, CmTraceOffsetOrigin origin,
+            string file = ServiceLog, string? anchor = null, int? measured = null) =>
+            new CmTraceLineProvenance
+            {
+                // The writer's local time is the resolved value with the applied offset put back.
+                SourceLocalTs = DateTime.SpecifyKind(resolvedUtc.AddMinutes(offsetMinutes), DateTimeKind.Unspecified),
+                Origin = origin,
+                OffsetMinutes = offsetMinutes,
+                EraAnchorKind = anchor,
+                MeasuredWriterOffsetMinutes = measured,
+                SourceFileName = file,
+            };
+
+        private static ScriptExecutionState Platform(string policyId, DateTime startedAtUtc, CmTraceLineProvenance start,
+            DateTime? resultObservedAtUtc = null, CmTraceLineProvenance? result = null, string outcome = "Success", int exitCode = 0) =>
+            new ScriptExecutionState
+            {
+                PolicyId = policyId,
+                ScriptType = "platform",
+                ExitCode = exitCode,
+                Result = outcome,
+                ResultSource = "ime_policy_result",
+                StartedAtUtc = startedAtUtc,
+                StartedAtProvenance = start,
+                ResultObservedAtUtc = resultObservedAtUtc,
+                ResultProvenance = result,
+            };
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Rejected_result_line_against_a_line_anchored_start_omits_the_span()
+        {
+            // Session 4377911b, script d94468af: start 15:19:57.005 local, self-anchored (+120);
+            // result 15:20:07.391 local, re-read after a rewind and resolved in the reader's
+            // zone (+60) → 14:20:07Z, one hour ahead of the clock. The raw pair reads 3610 s.
+            var clockNow = new DateTime(2026, 9, 17, 13, 20, 7, 437, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+            using var f = new ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture(clockNow);
+            using var adapter = new ImeLogTrackerAdapter(f.Tracker, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            var startUtc = new DateTime(2026, 9, 17, 13, 19, 57, 5, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+            var resultRaw = new DateTime(2026, 9, 17, 14, 20, 7, 391, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+
+            adapter.TriggerScriptCompletedFromTest(Platform("d94468af",
+                startUtc, Line(startUtc, 120, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.LineAnchored, measured: 120),
+                resultRaw, Line(resultRaw, 60, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.None, measured: 120)));
+
+            var info = f.InfoEvent(SharedEventTypes.ScriptCompleted);
+            Assert.Equal(clockNow, info.OccurredAtUtc);                              // stamp: clamped to the clock
+            Assert.Equal("true", info.Payload!["derivedTimestamp"]);
+            Assert.Equal(resultRaw.ToString("o"), info.Payload["rejectedSourceTimestamp"]);
+            Assert.False(info.Payload.ContainsKey("durationSeconds"));
+            Assert.False(info.Payload.ContainsKey("durationBasis"));
+            Assert.Equal("rejected-endpoint", info.Payload["durationSuppressedReason"]);
+            Assert.Equal("unverified", info.Payload["durationProvenance"]);
+            // The end line's own provenance and the start line's, side by side.
+            Assert.Equal("reader-zone-fallback", info.Payload["sourceOffsetOrigin"]);
+            Assert.Equal("60", info.Payload["sourceOffsetMinutes"]);
+            Assert.Equal("120", info.Payload["measuredWriterOffsetMinutes"]);
+            Assert.Equal("2026-09-17T15:20:07.3910000", info.Payload["sourceLocalTs"]);
+            Assert.Equal("line-anchored", info.Payload["startSourceOffsetOrigin"]);
+            Assert.Equal("120", info.Payload["startSourceOffsetMinutes"]);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Rejected_era_anchored_result_of_a_failed_script_omits_the_span_and_the_timeout_verdict()
+        {
+            // Fleet shape (script_failed, daily in one tenant): result era-anchored at −420 (the
+            // OOBE default zone's era) on a line written under +600 → 17 h ahead of the clock;
+            // the 61203 s "run" of a 3 s script fired script_timeout_suspected every day.
+            var clockNow = new DateTime(2026, 9, 21, 1, 30, 13, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+            using var f = new ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture(clockNow);
+            using var adapter = new ImeLogTrackerAdapter(f.Tracker, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            var startUtc = clockNow.AddSeconds(-8);
+            var resultRaw = clockNow.AddSeconds(-5).AddHours(17);
+
+            adapter.TriggerScriptCompletedFromTest(Platform("88d406eb",
+                startUtc, Line(startUtc, 600, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.LineAnchored),
+                resultRaw, Line(resultRaw, -420, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.EraAnchored, anchor: "bootstrap-policy-result", measured: 600),
+                outcome: "Failed"));
+
+            var failed = f.InfoEvent(SharedEventTypes.ScriptFailed);
+            Assert.Equal("rejected-endpoint", failed.Payload!["durationSuppressedReason"]);
+            Assert.False(failed.Payload.ContainsKey("durationSeconds"));
+            Assert.Equal("era-anchored", failed.Payload["sourceOffsetOrigin"]);
+            Assert.Equal("bootstrap-policy-result", failed.Payload["sourceOffsetAnchor"]);
+            Assert.Empty(f.InfoEvents(SharedEventTypes.ScriptTimeoutSuspected));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Mixed_pair_on_the_offset_grid_omits_the_span_even_when_nothing_was_rejected()
+        {
+            // Session cbaed57b: start from AgentExecutor.log in the reader's zone (+120, two
+            // hours too early), result era-anchored at 0 in the service log → 7205 s.
+            var clockNow = new DateTime(2026, 9, 11, 8, 48, 25, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+            using var f = new ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture(clockNow);
+            using var adapter = new ImeLogTrackerAdapter(f.Tracker, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            var resultUtc = clockNow.AddSeconds(-1);
+            var startUtc = resultUtc.AddSeconds(-7205);
+
+            adapter.TriggerScriptCompletedFromTest(Platform("846cea22",
+                startUtc, Line(startUtc, 120, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.None, file: ExecutorLog),
+                resultUtc, Line(resultUtc, 0, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.EraAnchored, anchor: "bootstrap-policy-result")));
+
+            var info = f.InfoEvent(SharedEventTypes.ScriptCompleted);
+            Assert.False(info.Payload!.ContainsKey("derivedTimestamp"));
+            Assert.False(info.Payload.ContainsKey("durationSeconds"));
+            Assert.Equal("offset-grid", info.Payload["durationSuppressedReason"]);
+            Assert.Equal("unverified", info.Payload["durationProvenance"]);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Mixed_pair_off_the_grid_keeps_the_span_as_unverified()
+        {
+            var clockNow = ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture.DefaultClockStart;
+            using var f = new ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture(clockNow);
+            using var adapter = new ImeLogTrackerAdapter(f.Tracker, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            var resultUtc = clockNow.AddSeconds(-1);
+            var startUtc = resultUtc.AddSeconds(-26);
+
+            adapter.TriggerScriptCompletedFromTest(Platform("f6f67f79",
+                startUtc, Line(startUtc, 120, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.LineAnchored),
+                resultUtc, Line(resultUtc, 120, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.None)));
+
+            var info = f.InfoEvent(SharedEventTypes.ScriptCompleted);
+            Assert.Equal("26.00", info.Payload!["durationSeconds"]);
+            Assert.Equal("script_runtime", info.Payload["durationBasis"]);
+            Assert.Equal("unverified", info.Payload["durationProvenance"]);
+            Assert.False(info.Payload.ContainsKey("durationSuppressedReason"));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Two_line_anchored_ends_on_the_grid_are_a_verified_fifteen_minute_run()
+        {
+            var clockNow = ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture.DefaultClockStart;
+            using var f = new ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture(clockNow);
+            using var adapter = new ImeLogTrackerAdapter(f.Tracker, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            var resultUtc = clockNow.AddSeconds(-1);
+            var startUtc = resultUtc.AddSeconds(-900);
+
+            adapter.TriggerScriptCompletedFromTest(Platform("11111111",
+                startUtc, Line(startUtc, 120, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.LineAnchored),
+                resultUtc, Line(resultUtc, 120, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.LineAnchored)));
+
+            var info = f.InfoEvent(SharedEventTypes.ScriptCompleted);
+            Assert.Equal("900.00", info.Payload!["durationSeconds"]);
+            Assert.Equal("verified", info.Payload["durationProvenance"]);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Two_fallback_ends_from_the_same_file_share_their_error_and_stay_measurable()
+        {
+            var clockNow = ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture.DefaultClockStart;
+            using var f = new ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture(clockNow);
+            using var adapter = new ImeLogTrackerAdapter(f.Tracker, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            var resultUtc = clockNow.AddSeconds(-1);
+            var startUtc = resultUtc.AddSeconds(-900);
+
+            adapter.TriggerScriptCompletedFromTest(Platform("22222222",
+                startUtc, Line(startUtc, 60, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.None),
+                resultUtc, Line(resultUtc, 60, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.None)));
+
+            var info = f.InfoEvent(SharedEventTypes.ScriptCompleted);
+            Assert.Equal("900.00", info.Payload!["durationSeconds"]);
+            Assert.Equal("verified", info.Payload["durationProvenance"]);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Two_fallback_ends_from_different_files_are_different_writers()
+        {
+            // Same reader zone applied to both, but the executor child process and the service
+            // can hold different beliefs (cbaed57b) — a grid-sized span is not trusted.
+            var clockNow = ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture.DefaultClockStart;
+            using var f = new ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture(clockNow);
+            using var adapter = new ImeLogTrackerAdapter(f.Tracker, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            var resultUtc = clockNow.AddSeconds(-1);
+            var startUtc = resultUtc.AddSeconds(-900);
+
+            adapter.TriggerScriptCompletedFromTest(Platform("33333333",
+                startUtc, Line(startUtc, 60, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.None, file: ExecutorLog),
+                resultUtc, Line(resultUtc, 60, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.None)));
+
+            var info = f.InfoEvent(SharedEventTypes.ScriptCompleted);
+            Assert.False(info.Payload!.ContainsKey("durationSeconds"));
+            Assert.Equal("offset-grid", info.Payload["durationSuppressedReason"]);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Without_provenance_the_pair_is_taken_as_before()
+        {
+            // States from before the field (persisted by an older agent) and synthetic events:
+            // no snapshot on either end, the 30-minute Failed run still reads as a timeout.
+            var clockNow = ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture.DefaultClockStart;
+            using var f = new ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture(clockNow);
+            using var adapter = new ImeLogTrackerAdapter(f.Tracker, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedLogTimestamp = clockNow.AddSeconds(-1);
+            adapter.TriggerScriptCompletedFromTest(new ScriptExecutionState
+            {
+                PolicyId = "44444444",
+                ScriptType = "platform",
+                ExitCode = 0,
+                Result = "Failed",
+                StartedAtUtc = clockNow.AddSeconds(-1801),
+            });
+
+            var failed = f.InfoEvent(SharedEventTypes.ScriptFailed);
+            Assert.Equal("1800.00", failed.Payload!["durationSeconds"]);
+            Assert.False(failed.Payload.ContainsKey("durationProvenance"));
+            Assert.False(failed.Payload.ContainsKey("durationSuppressedReason"));
+            Assert.Single(f.InfoEvents(SharedEventTypes.ScriptTimeoutSuspected));
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Negative_grid_sized_span_from_a_future_shifted_start_is_named_not_dropped_silently()
+        {
+            var clockNow = ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture.DefaultClockStart;
+            using var f = new ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture(clockNow);
+            using var adapter = new ImeLogTrackerAdapter(f.Tracker, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            var resultUtc = clockNow.AddSeconds(-1);
+            var startUtc = resultUtc.AddSeconds(3595); // resolved one hour ahead of its real instant
+
+            adapter.TriggerScriptCompletedFromTest(Platform("55555555",
+                startUtc, Line(startUtc, 60, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.None),
+                resultUtc, Line(resultUtc, 120, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.LineAnchored)));
+
+            var info = f.InfoEvent(SharedEventTypes.ScriptCompleted);
+            Assert.False(info.Payload!.ContainsKey("durationSeconds"));
+            Assert.Equal("offset-grid", info.Payload["durationSuppressedReason"]);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Health_script_cycle_is_judged_the_same_way()
+        {
+            // HS-SCRIPT-START self-anchored, HS-NEW-RESULT re-read in the reader's zone and
+            // rejected: the cycle duration is omitted, the compliance verdict stays.
+            var clockNow = ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture.DefaultClockStart;
+            using var f = new ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture(clockNow);
+            using var adapter = new ImeLogTrackerAdapter(f.Tracker, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            var startUtc = clockNow.AddSeconds(-40);
+            var resultRaw = clockNow.AddSeconds(-2).AddHours(1);
+
+            adapter.TriggerScriptCompletedFromTest(new ScriptExecutionState
+            {
+                PolicyId = "66666666",
+                ScriptType = "remediation",
+                ScriptPart = "detection",
+                ExitCode = 0,
+                ComplianceResult = "True",
+                StartedAtUtc = startUtc,
+                StartedAtProvenance = Line(startUtc, 120, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.LineAnchored),
+                ResultObservedAtUtc = resultRaw,
+                ResultProvenance = Line(resultRaw, 60, CmTraceOffsetOrigin.None),
+                DurationBasis = "cycle_including_reporting_latency",
+            });
+
+            var info = f.InfoEvent(SharedEventTypes.ScriptCompleted);
+            Assert.Equal("True", info.Payload!["complianceResult"]);
+            Assert.False(info.Payload.ContainsKey("durationSeconds"));
+            Assert.Equal("rejected-endpoint", info.Payload["durationSuppressedReason"]);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/SignalAdapters/ImeLogTrackerAdapterHistoricReplayTests.cs

@@ -247,6 +247,8 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.SignalAdapters
 
             f.Tracker.LastMatchedLogTimestamp = ClockNow;
             f.Tracker.CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResultForTesting("beef7777", "Success", ClockNow);
+            // No end block is seeded — the held result goes out with the shutdown flush.
+            f.Tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(f.Clock.UtcNow, force: true);
 
             var info = f.InfoEvent(SharedEventTypes.ScriptCompleted);
             // Without the hardening the slot kept the 7-day-old start: the duration would have

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/SignalAdapters/ImeLogTrackerAdapterResultHoldTests.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+using System;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.SignalAdapters;
+using AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Harness;
+using SharedEventTypes = AutopilotMonitor.Shared.Constants.EventTypes;
+using Xunit;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.SignalAdapters
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// A held platform-script completion (IME result read before the executor end block) is
+    /// emitted at the end of a later pass, when the tracker's "last matched" line is an unrelated
+    /// one — the event stays bound to the result line's timestamp and pattern.
+    /// </summary>
+    public sealed class ImeLogTrackerAdapterResultHoldTests
+    {
+        private static readonly DateTime ClockNow = new DateTime(2026, 9, 10, 22, 13, 40, DateTimeKind.Utc);
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Held_completion_is_bound_to_the_result_line_not_to_the_last_matched_one()
+        {
+            using var f = new ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture(ClockNow);
+            using var adapter = new ImeLogTrackerAdapter(f.Tracker, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            var startTs = ClockNow.AddSeconds(-95);
+            var resultTs = ClockNow.AddSeconds(-3);
+
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedLogTimestamp = startTs;
+            f.Tracker.HandlePlatformScriptStarted("376ee51a");
+
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedLogTimestamp = resultTs;
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedPatternId = "PS-SCRIPT-RESULT";
+            f.Tracker.CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResultForTesting("376ee51a", "Success", resultTs);
+            Assert.Empty(f.InfoEvents(SharedEventTypes.ScriptCompleted));
+
+            // Other lines were matched before the end block was read and the pass ended.
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedLogTimestamp = ClockNow.AddSeconds(-1);
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedPatternId = "IME-DOWNLOADING";
+            f.Tracker.RecordPlatformScriptExitCodeForTesting("376ee51a", 0, resultTs.AddMilliseconds(-8));
+            f.Tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(f.Clock.UtcNow);
+
+            var info = f.InfoEvent(SharedEventTypes.ScriptCompleted);
+            Assert.Equal(resultTs, info.OccurredAtUtc);
+            Assert.Equal("PS-SCRIPT-RESULT", info.Payload!["patternId"]);
+            Assert.Equal("0", info.Payload["exitCode"]);
+            Assert.Equal("ime_policy_result", info.Payload["resultSource"]);
+            Assert.Equal("92.00", info.Payload["durationSeconds"]);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public void Held_completion_carries_the_provenance_of_its_result_line()
+        {
+            using var f = new ImeLogTrackerAdapterFixture(ClockNow);
+            using var adapter = new ImeLogTrackerAdapter(f.Tracker, f.Ingress, f.Clock);
+
+            var startTs = ClockNow.AddSeconds(-95);
+            var resultTs = ClockNow.AddSeconds(-3);
+
+            // Start and result lines both self-anchored (+120).
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedLogTimestamp = startTs;
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedSourceLocalTimestamp = DateTime.SpecifyKind(startTs.AddMinutes(120), DateTimeKind.Unspecified);
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedSourceOffsetOrigin = CmTraceOffsetOrigin.LineAnchored;
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedSourceOffsetMinutes = 120;
+            f.Tracker.HandlePlatformScriptStarted("376ee51a");
+
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedLogTimestamp = resultTs;
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedSourceLocalTimestamp = DateTime.SpecifyKind(resultTs.AddMinutes(120), DateTimeKind.Unspecified);
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedPatternId = "PS-SCRIPT-RESULT";
+            f.Tracker.CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResultForTesting("376ee51a", "Success", resultTs);
+
+            // By the time the held completion is emitted, the last matched line is an unrelated
+            // one resolved in the reader's zone.
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedLogTimestamp = ClockNow.AddSeconds(-1);
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedSourceLocalTimestamp = DateTime.SpecifyKind(ClockNow.AddSeconds(-1).AddMinutes(60), DateTimeKind.Unspecified);
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedSourceOffsetOrigin = CmTraceOffsetOrigin.None;
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedSourceOffsetMinutes = 60;
+            f.Tracker.LastMatchedPatternId = "IME-DOWNLOADING";
+            f.Tracker.RecordPlatformScriptExitCodeForTesting("376ee51a", 0, resultTs.AddMilliseconds(-8));
+            f.Tracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(f.Clock.UtcNow);
+
+            var info = f.InfoEvent(SharedEventTypes.ScriptCompleted);
+            Assert.Equal("line-anchored", info.Payload!["sourceOffsetOrigin"]);
+            Assert.Equal("120", info.Payload["sourceOffsetMinutes"]);
+            Assert.Equal(resultTs.AddMinutes(120).ToString("yyyy-MM-ddTHH:mm:ss.fffffff"), info.Payload["sourceLocalTs"]);
+            Assert.Equal("line-anchored", info.Payload["startSourceOffsetOrigin"]);
+            Assert.Equal("120", info.Payload["startSourceOffsetMinutes"]);
+            Assert.Equal("92.00", info.Payload["durationSeconds"]);
+            Assert.Equal("verified", info.Payload["durationProvenance"]);
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests/Transport/BackendApiClientAuthClassificationTests.cs

@@ -88,6 +88,35 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Tests.Transport
             Assert.Null(ex.ErrorCode);
         }
 
+        // ── coded 409: a refusal, never an auth failure ─────────────────────
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Coded_409_is_a_refusal_not_an_auth_failure()
+        {
+            using var client = BuildClient(
+                HttpStatusCode.Conflict,
+                "{\"success\":false,\"message\":\"Session id is already registered to another tenant\",\"errorCode\":\"session_owner_mismatch\"}",
+                "application/json");
+
+            var ex = await Assert.ThrowsAsync<BackendRefusalException>(
+                () => client.RegisterSessionAsync(new AutopilotMonitor.Shared.Models.SessionRegistration()));
+
+            Assert.Equal(409, ex.StatusCode);
+            Assert.Equal("session_owner_mismatch", ex.ErrorCode);
+        }
+
+        [Fact]
+        public async Task Uncoded_409_stays_a_plain_http_error()
+        {
+            using var client = BuildClient(
+                HttpStatusCode.Conflict,
+                "{\"success\":false,\"message\":\"A diagnostics package with this name already exists\"}",
+                "application/json");
+
+            await Assert.ThrowsAsync<HttpRequestException>(
+                () => client.GetDiagnosticsUploadUrlAsync("tenant-1", "session-1", "package.zip"));
+        }
+
         [Theory]
         [InlineData(null, null)]
         [InlineData("", null)]

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/Ime/BoundedLineReader.cs

@@ -33,6 +33,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
 
         private readonly Stream _stream;
         private readonly int _maxLineBytes;
+        private readonly bool _hashLines;
         private readonly byte[] _readBuffer = new byte[ReadBufferSize];
         private int _readPos;
         private int _readLen;
@@ -41,21 +42,32 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
 
         private byte[] _line = new byte[4096];
         private int _lineLen;
+        private ulong _lineHash;
 
         /// <param name="stream">Seekable stream positioned at the first byte to read.</param>
         /// <param name="maxLineBytes">Upper bound of bytes kept per line; the remainder is discarded.</param>
-        public BoundedLineReader(Stream stream, int maxLineBytes)
+        /// <param name="hashLines">Fingerprint the raw bytes of every line (<see cref="LastLineHash"/>) — the
+        /// tracker's byte ledger needs it for multi-writer files only.</param>
+        public BoundedLineReader(Stream stream, int maxLineBytes, bool hashLines = false)
         {
             if (stream == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(stream));
             if (maxLineBytes <= 0) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException(nameof(maxLineBytes));
             _stream = stream;
             _maxLineBytes = maxLineBytes;
+            _hashLines = hashLines;
             _readBufferFileOffset = stream.Position;
         }
 
         /// <summary>Cap in bytes applied to every line.</summary>
         public int MaxLineBytes => _maxLineBytes;
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// FNV-1a 64 over the bytes the most recently returned line was decoded from (BOM and
+        /// line terminator excluded; the capped prefix of a truncated line). Zero unless the
+        /// reader was created with hashing on.
+        /// </summary>
+        public ulong LastLineHash => _lineHash;
+
         /// <summary>Absolute file offset of the next unread byte (exact — no decoder read-ahead).</summary>
         public long Position => _readBufferFileOffset + _readPos;
 
@@ -78,6 +90,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             LastLineTerminated = false;
             LastLineTruncated = false;
             _lineLen = 0;
+            _lineHash = _hashLines ? Fnv1a64.OffsetBasis : 0UL;
             var sawAnyByte = false;
 
             while (true)
@@ -154,6 +167,16 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             // tail (and thus any CR) discarded, so the check is skipped there.
             if (LastLineTerminated && !LastLineTruncated && len > 0 && _line[start + len - 1] == (byte)'\r')
                 len--;
+            if (_hashLines)
+            {
+                // Fingerprint exactly the bytes the string is decoded from, so a tail that was
+                // first read unterminated and later gained its CRLF hashes the same.
+                var h = Fnv1a64.OffsetBasis;
+                var end = start + len;
+                for (var i = start; i < end; i++)
+                    h = (h ^ _line[i]) * Fnv1a64.Prime;
+                _lineHash = h;
+            }
             return len == 0 ? string.Empty : Encoding.UTF8.GetString(_line, start, len);
         }
     }

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/Ime/CmTraceEntryAssembler.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,171 @@
+using System.Text;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
+{
+    /// <summary>FNV-1a 64-bit — the entry fingerprint used by the tracker's byte ledger.</summary>
+    internal static class Fnv1a64
+    {
+        public const ulong OffsetBasis = 14695981039346656037UL;
+        public const ulong Prime = 1099511628211UL;
+
+        public static ulong Fold(ulong hash, ulong value) => (hash ^ value) * Prime;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>One assembled CMTrace entry: its byte range in the file, the fingerprint of those bytes and the text.</summary>
+    internal struct AssembledEntry
+    {
+        public long Offset;
+        public int Length;
+        public ulong Hash;
+        public string Text;
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Turns physical lines into CMTrace entries: a line is one entry, unless it opens
+    /// <c>&lt;![LOG[</c> without its <c>]LOG]!&gt;</c> close — then the continuation lines up to the
+    /// closing one belong to it. Oversized lines and capped entries are dropped together with
+    /// their remaining continuation lines, so no fragment is ever matched as an entry.
+    /// <para>
+    /// The read loop and the ledger verification (<c>ImeLogTracker.Overwrite.cs</c>) both feed
+    /// this class, which is what makes their entry boundaries — and therefore the fingerprints
+    /// they compare — identical by construction.
+    /// </para>
+    /// </summary>
+    internal sealed class CmTraceEntryAssembler
+    {
+        public enum Outcome
+        {
+            /// <summary>The line was absorbed into an open multiline entry.</summary>
+            Buffered,
+            /// <summary>An entry is complete.</summary>
+            Entry,
+            /// <summary>A line over the byte cap was dropped (its entry with it).</summary>
+            OversizedDropped,
+            /// <summary>An open multiline entry hit the line/char cap and was dropped.</summary>
+            CapDropped,
+            /// <summary>A continuation line of a dropped entry was skipped.</summary>
+            Skipped,
+        }
+
+        private const string LogOpen = "<![LOG[";
+        private const string LogClose = "]LOG]!>";
+
+        private readonly int _maxLines;
+        private readonly int _maxChars;
+
+        private StringBuilder _buffer;
+        private int _lineCount;
+        private long _entryStart;
+        private ulong _entryHash;
+        private bool _skippingDroppedEntry;
+
+        public CmTraceEntryAssembler(int maxMultiLineBufferLines, int maxEntryBytes)
+        {
+            _maxLines = maxMultiLineBufferLines;
+            _maxChars = maxEntryBytes;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>True while a multiline entry is being assembled.</summary>
+        public bool HasOpenEntry => _buffer != null;
+
+        /// <summary>File offset of the open multiline entry (valid while <see cref="HasOpenEntry"/>).</summary>
+        public long OpenEntryStart => _entryStart;
+
+        /// <summary>Line count of the entry dropped by the last <see cref="Outcome.CapDropped"/>.</summary>
+        public int DroppedLines { get; private set; }
+
+        /// <summary>Char count of the entry dropped by the last <see cref="Outcome.CapDropped"/>.</summary>
+        public int DroppedChars { get; private set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Feeds one physical line. <paramref name="lineStart"/> / <paramref name="positionAfter"/>
+        /// are the line's file offsets (start, next unread byte), <paramref name="lineHash"/> the
+        /// reader's raw-byte fingerprint of the line.
+        /// </summary>
+        public Outcome Feed(string line, long lineStart, long positionAfter, bool truncated, ulong lineHash, out AssembledEntry entry)
+        {
+            entry = default(AssembledEntry);
+
+            if (truncated)
+            {
+                // The capped prefix only tells whether the line opened an entry whose remaining
+                // lines must be skipped rather than matched as raw text.
+                if (_buffer != null)
+                {
+                    _buffer = null;
+                    _lineCount = 0;
+                    _skippingDroppedEntry = true;
+                }
+                else if (line.StartsWith(LogOpen) && !line.Contains(LogClose))
+                {
+                    _skippingDroppedEntry = true;
+                }
+                return Outcome.OversizedDropped;
+            }
+
+            if (_skippingDroppedEntry)
+            {
+                // A line opening a new entry ends the skip and is processed itself — checked
+                // BEFORE the close-tag test, because a complete single-line entry contains both.
+                if (line.StartsWith(LogOpen))
+                    _skippingDroppedEntry = false;
+                else
+                {
+                    if (line.Contains(LogClose)) _skippingDroppedEntry = false;
+                    return Outcome.Skipped;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (_buffer != null)
+            {
+                _buffer.Append('\n').Append(line);
+                _lineCount++;
+                _entryHash = Fnv1a64.Fold(_entryHash, lineHash);
+
+                if (line.Contains(LogClose))
+                {
+                    entry = new AssembledEntry
+                    {
+                        Offset = _entryStart,
+                        Length = (int)(positionAfter - _entryStart),
+                        Hash = _entryHash,
+                        Text = _buffer.ToString(),
+                    };
+                    _buffer = null;
+                    _lineCount = 0;
+                    return Outcome.Entry;
+                }
+
+                if (_lineCount >= _maxLines || _buffer.Length >= _maxChars)
+                {
+                    DroppedLines = _lineCount;
+                    DroppedChars = _buffer.Length;
+                    _buffer = null;
+                    _lineCount = 0;
+                    _skippingDroppedEntry = true;
+                    return Outcome.CapDropped;
+                }
+
+                return Outcome.Buffered;
+            }
+
+            if (line.StartsWith(LogOpen) && !line.Contains(LogClose))
+            {
+                _buffer = new StringBuilder(line);
+                _lineCount = 1;
+                _entryStart = lineStart;
+                _entryHash = lineHash;
+                return Outcome.Buffered;
+            }
+
+            entry = new AssembledEntry
+            {
+                Offset = lineStart,
+                Length = (int)(positionAfter - lineStart),
+                Hash = lineHash,
+                Text = line,
+            };
+            return Outcome.Entry;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/Ime/CmTraceLineProvenance.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+using System;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// How ONE CMTrace line's UTC value was arrived at, captured at the line itself.
+    /// <para>
+    /// The tracker exposes the provenance of the line it matched last. A consumer that acts later —
+    /// a platform-script result held for its executor end block, a run duration spanning a start
+    /// line and a result line — must describe ITS line, not whichever line happened to be matched
+    /// last, so the snapshot travels on <see cref="ScriptExecutionState"/> (persisted as a plain
+    /// DTO; null on state files written before it existed).
+    /// </para>
+    /// </summary>
+    public sealed class CmTraceLineProvenance
+    {
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The line's local time exactly as the writer wrote it (Kind Unspecified, no zone). Null
+        /// when the value did not come from a CMTrace line at all (clock fallback).
+        /// </summary>
+        public DateTime? SourceLocalTs { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>How the offset applied to <see cref="SourceLocalTs"/> was obtained.</summary>
+        public CmTraceOffsetOrigin Origin { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>The offset that was applied, in minutes (local = UTC + offset).</summary>
+        public int? OffsetMinutes { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>For <see cref="CmTraceOffsetOrigin.EraAnchored"/>: which anchor established the era's offset.</summary>
+        public string EraAnchorKind { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>What the calibrator measured for the source file — observational, never applied.</summary>
+        public int? MeasuredWriterOffsetMinutes { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>Name of the log file the line was read from — the closest thing to a writer identity the tracker has.</summary>
+        public string SourceFileName { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// True when the applied offset was ASSUMED for this line rather than declared by the
+        /// writer or measured against the agent clock: the reader's own zone (fallback), a writer
+        /// era's anchor, or the retired per-file calibration. A clock-derived value (no source
+        /// timestamp) sits on the true UTC axis and is not an assumption.
+        /// </summary>
+        public bool IsAssumed()
+        {
+            if (!SourceLocalTs.HasValue) return false;
+            switch (Origin)
+            {
+                case CmTraceOffsetOrigin.Bias:
+                case CmTraceOffsetOrigin.LineAnchored:
+                    return false;
+                default:
+                    return true;
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/Ime/CmTraceOffsetCalibrator.cs

@@ -159,6 +159,23 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             return true;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Whether a span between two resolved lines is the signature of a wrong offset on one
+        /// of them rather than of elapsed time: a zone error is always a whole number of grid
+        /// steps, so a span within <see cref="MaxGridResidual"/> of k × <see cref="OffsetGrid"/>
+        /// (k ≥ 1) reads as an offset error plus a run time of seconds. Sign is ignored — a wrong
+        /// offset on the START end produces the same magnitude with the opposite sign.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static bool IsOnOffsetGrid(TimeSpan span, out int gridSteps)
+        {
+            var magnitude = span.Duration();
+            gridSteps = (int)Math.Round(magnitude.TotalMinutes / OffsetGrid.TotalMinutes, MidpointRounding.AwayFromZero);
+            if (gridSteps < 1) return false;
+
+            var nearest = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(gridSteps * OffsetGrid.TotalMinutes);
+            return (magnitude - nearest).Duration() <= MaxGridResidual;
+        }
+
         public bool TryCalibrate(string sourceKey, DateTime localTimestamp, DateTime agentUtcNow)
         {
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(sourceKey)) return false;

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/Ime/ImeLogTracker.Handlers.cs

@@ -222,20 +222,6 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
         // PowerShell script tracking handlers
         // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-        // Returns the current platform-script accumulator, or null when no platform script is active.
-        // Health-script (remediation) state is no longer tracked line-by-line — the HS-NEW-RESULT
-        // pattern delivers the full pre-detection / remediation / post-detection JSON in one shot
-        // via HandleHealthScriptResult. The platform branch keeps its line-by-line accumulator
-        // because PS-* patterns (PS-SCRIPT-CONTEXT / PS-SCRIPT-EXITCODE / PS-AGENT-OUTPUT / …) still
-        // arrive across multiple log lines.
-        private ScriptExecutionState GetCurrentPlatformScript()
-        {
-            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(_lastPlatformScriptPolicyId) &&
-                _pendingPlatformScripts.TryGetValue(_lastPlatformScriptPolicyId, out var state))
-                return state;
-            return null;
-        }
-
         private void HandleScriptStarted(Match match, Dictionary<string, string> parameters)
         {
             var id = match.Groups["id"]?.Value;
@@ -266,10 +252,22 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                 // duration when the consolidated [HS] new result line arrives (the slot above is
                 // cleared by the early-signal HS-COMPLIANCE handler, so timing lives in its own
                 // map). Prefer the source CMTrace timestamp; latest start wins on a policy re-run.
-                _healthScriptStartTimes[id] = LastMatchedLogTimestamp ?? DateTime.UtcNow;
+                var startedAtUtc = LastMatchedLogTimestamp ?? UtcNowProvider();
+                _healthScriptStartTimes[id] = (startedAtUtc, CaptureLastMatchedProvenance());
                 _logger.Info($"ImeLogTracker: health script started: {id}");
-                try { OnScriptStarted?.Invoke(new ScriptStartedInfo { PolicyId = id, ScriptType = "remediation", PolicyType = policyType }); }
-                catch (Exception ex) { _logger.Warning($"ImeLogTracker: OnScriptStarted handler threw: {ex.Message}"); }
+
+                // A replayed line of a previous enrollment bypasses the recurrence gate: the
+                // adapter drops its event, and a dropped run must not count as the policy's
+                // first report.
+                if (!_currentLineIsHistoricReplay
+                    && !_recurringScripts.OnStart(id, startedAtUtc, policyType, LastMatchedPatternId))
+                {
+                    _stateDirty = true;
+                    _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: health script {id} is a recurring policy — start held until its result is known");
+                    return;
+                }
+                _stateDirty = true;
+                RaiseScriptStarted(new ScriptStartedInfo { PolicyId = id, ScriptType = "remediation", PolicyType = policyType });
             }
             else
             {
@@ -282,27 +280,61 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
         // a regex Match).
         internal void HandlePlatformScriptStarted(string id, string source = null)
         {
-            // Stale-slot hardening (session eaf3d8c4): a replayed start line from a previous
-            // enrollment whose matching result never appeared (script was mid-run when that
-            // enrollment ended) leaves a pending slot with a days-old StartedAtUtc. When the
-            // same policy genuinely re-runs now, the fresh start must begin a NEW execution —
-            // otherwise the ancient start pairs with the fresh completion and the duration
-            // lies. > 24 h mirrors the adapter's source-timestamp staleness clamp.
-            var currentStartTs = LastMatchedLogTimestamp ?? DateTime.UtcNow;
-            if (_pendingPlatformScripts.TryGetValue(id, out var pendingSlot)
-                && pendingSlot.StartedAtUtc.HasValue
-                && currentStartTs - pendingSlot.StartedAtUtc.Value > TimeSpan.FromHours(24))
+            var currentStartTs = LastMatchedLogTimestamp ?? UtcNowProvider();
+            var currentStartProvenance = CaptureLastMatchedProvenance();
+
+            // A start line older than the result this policy already emitted is the late start
+            // line of THAT run: its AgentExecutor block surfaced after the IME result — the two
+            // files are read in turn (AgentExecutor.log first, but a script's exit line and IME's
+            // result line are 8–30 ms apart), a ledger rewind recovered the block, or the poll
+            // loop stalled (session e7f3c910: the late line opened a second slot, cleared the
+            // emitted-marker and turned the exit code that followed into a fallback duplicate
+            // 15 s later). It owns the lines behind it in its file and opens nothing. Strictly
+            // older: a start line at the result's own timestamp is the next run (source lines
+            // never tie; a low-resolution clock in a test may).
+            if (_platformScriptResultEmitted.TryGetValue(id, out var emittedResultTs) && currentStartTs < emittedResultTs)
             {
-                _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: discarding stale pending platform-script slot for {id} (started {pendingSlot.StartedAtUtc:o})");
-                _pendingPlatformScripts.Remove(id);
+                RecordInvocationMarker(id, isClose: false);
+                NoteInvocationActivity();
+                _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: platform script start line for {id} (source: {source ?? "ime"}) predates its emitted result — late line of that run, not a new one");
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (_pendingPlatformScripts.TryGetValue(id, out var pendingSlot))
+            {
+                if (pendingSlot.StartedAtUtc.HasValue && currentStartTs - pendingSlot.StartedAtUtc.Value > TimeSpan.FromHours(24))
+                {
+                    // Stale-slot hardening (session eaf3d8c4): a replayed start line from a previous
+                    // enrollment whose matching result never appeared (script was mid-run when that
+                    // enrollment ended) leaves a pending slot with a days-old StartedAtUtc. When the
+                    // same policy genuinely re-runs now, the fresh start must begin a NEW execution —
+                    // otherwise the ancient start pairs with the fresh completion and the duration
+                    // lies. > 24 h mirrors the adapter's source-timestamp staleness clamp.
+                    _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: discarding stale pending platform-script slot for {id} (started {pendingSlot.StartedAtUtc:o})");
+                    _pendingPlatformScripts.Remove(id);
+                }
+                else if (pendingSlot.Result != null && pendingSlot.ResultObservedAtUtc.HasValue && currentStartTs >= pendingSlot.ResultObservedAtUtc.Value)
+                {
+                    // The held run is over — a start line at or after its result is the next run.
+                    // Emit what the held run has; its end block did not surface in time.
+                    EmitPlatformScriptResult(pendingSlot, "the next run of this policy started");
+                }
+                else if (!pendingSlot.StartedAtUtc.HasValue)
+                {
+                    // The slot was opened by its result while the start block was still hidden;
+                    // the recovered start line dates the run.
+                    pendingSlot.StartedAtUtc = currentStartTs;
+                    pendingSlot.StartedAtProvenance = currentStartProvenance;
+                    _stateDirty = true;
+                }
             }
             if (!_pendingPlatformScripts.ContainsKey(id))
             {
                 // A fresh start for this policy (no pending entry) begins a NEW execution.
                 // Clear any emitted-marker from a prior run so IME re-evaluations / retries of
                 // the same platform-script policy within one agent lifetime are not silently
-                // deduped away. Within a single run the start always precedes exit/result, so
-                // this never clears the current run's own marker.
+                // deduped away. A start line of the emitted run itself never reaches this point
+                // (the guard above), so this never clears the current run's own marker.
                 _platformScriptResultEmitted.Remove(id);
                 _pendingPlatformScripts[id] = new ScriptExecutionState
                 {
@@ -313,6 +345,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                     // Set only at slot creation: the start line fires twice (agentexecutor + ime
                     // source) but the earliest wins.
                     StartedAtUtc = currentStartTs,
+                    StartedAtProvenance = currentStartProvenance,
                 };
                 // Live "running" indicator — same signal health scripts emit. Gated on slot
                 // creation so the duplicate start line (agentexecutor + ime source) doesn't
@@ -320,7 +353,8 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                 try { OnScriptStarted?.Invoke(new ScriptStartedInfo { PolicyId = id, ScriptType = "platform" }); }
                 catch (Exception ex) { _logger.Warning($"ImeLogTracker: OnScriptStarted handler threw: {ex.Message}"); }
             }
-            _lastPlatformScriptPolicyId = id;
+            RecordInvocationMarker(id, isClose: false);
+            NoteInvocationActivity();
             // Started lines fire twice per script (agentexecutor + ime source) and carry no
             // outcome — the matching `platform script completed` line below carries result+exit
             // and stays on Info. Keep starts on Debug so Info reflects script outcomes only.
@@ -329,42 +363,55 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
 
         // Routes line-by-line script-data handlers (context / exitCode / output) to the right
         // accumulator based on the pattern's scriptType parameter. Health-script lines feed the
-        // single-slot _pendingHealthScript; platform-script lines feed _pendingPlatformScripts.
+        // single-slot _pendingHealthScript (the HS-NEW-RESULT JSON delivers the full cycle in one
+        // shot; the slot only enriches the early HS-COMPLIANCE signal). Platform-script lines feed
+        // _pendingPlatformScripts, and the slot that owns a line is decided by file position (see
+        // ImeLogTracker.Overwrite.cs), never by which script happened to start last.
         private ScriptExecutionState GetCurrentScriptForLineUpdate(Dictionary<string, string> parameters)
+            => GetCurrentScriptForLineUpdate(parameters, out _);
+
+        // ownerPolicyId names the platform script that owns the line by file position even when
+        // its pending slot is gone (the completion was already emitted); null for health-script
+        // lines and for lines no platform invocation owns.
+        private ScriptExecutionState GetCurrentScriptForLineUpdate(Dictionary<string, string> parameters, out string ownerPolicyId)
         {
             var scriptType = parameters != null && parameters.TryGetValue("scriptType", out var st) ? st : null;
-            return string.Equals(scriptType, "remediation", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
-                ? _pendingHealthScript
-                : GetCurrentPlatformScript();
+            if (string.Equals(scriptType, "remediation", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+            {
+                ownerPolicyId = null;
+                return _pendingHealthScript;
+            }
+            return ResolvePlatformScriptForCurrentEntry(out ownerPolicyId);
         }
 
-        // Session 6b4993e5 fix — platform-script stdout/exit cross-contamination.
-        //
-        // AgentExecutor.exe hosts BOTH platform scripts (…\Policies\Scripts\<id>.ps1) and
-        // proactive-remediation scripts (…\IMECache\HealthScripts\<id>\detect.ps1), and writes
-        // their lines interleaved into the shared AgentExecutor.log. The policyId-less
-        // PS-AGENT-EXITCODE ("Powershell exit code is N") and PS-AGENT-OUTPUT ("write output
-        // done. output = …") lines are routed to whichever platform script
-        // _lastPlatformScriptPolicyId points at. A remediation invocation's start
-        // ("Adding argument remediationScript …") does NOT match PS-AGENT-SCRIPT-START, so it
-        // never moves the pointer — its exit/output then bleed into the last-started PLATFORM
-        // script's slot (observed: platform c3e0124c emitted result=Failed but with exit 0 +
-        // stdout "[Compliant] No Classic Teams found" — the Teams remediation's output).
-        //
-        // Each AgentExecutor process logs "ExecutorLog AgentExecutor gets invoked" first, so a
-        // new banner means the previous invocation's line-capture context is over. Clearing the
-        // pointer here scopes line-capture to a single invocation: the immediately following
-        // "Adding argument powershell …\Policies\Scripts\<id>.ps1" (PS-AGENT-SCRIPT-START)
-        // re-establishes it for a platform invocation, while a remediation invocation leaves it
-        // null so its exit/output are dropped (the remediation's authoritative data still
-        // arrives via HS-NEW-RESULT). The platform script's final result is unaffected — it is
-        // keyed by policyId via PS-SCRIPT-RESULT, not by this pointer.
-        private void HandleAgentExecutorInvocationBoundary()
+        // AgentExecutor.exe hosts platform scripts (…\Policies\Scripts\<id>.ps1) as well as
+        // detection, requirement and proactive-remediation scripts, and its policyId-less
+        // PS-AGENT-EXITCODE / PS-AGENT-OUTPUT lines belong to whichever invocation owns that
+        // file position. The banner closes the previous invocation; the argument line that
+        // follows opens the next one — as a platform script when PS-AGENT-SCRIPT-START matched
+        // it, otherwise as an invocation whose exit/output are not captured (a remediation's
+        // authoritative data arrives via HS-NEW-RESULT; session 6b4993e5 saw its output bleed
+        // into a platform slot). "Agent executor completed" closes the invocation again.
+        private void HandleAgentExecutorInvocation()
         {
-            if (_lastPlatformScriptPolicyId == null) return;
-            _logger.Debug(
-                $"ImeLogTracker: AgentExecutor invocation boundary — clearing platform-script line-capture pointer (was {_lastPlatformScriptPolicyId}).");
-            _lastPlatformScriptPolicyId = null;
+            RecordInvocationMarker(null, isClose: true);
+            NoteInvocationActivity();
+        }
+
+        private void HandleAgentInvocationArgument(string kind)
+        {
+            RecordInvocationMarker(null, isClose: false);
+            NoteInvocationActivity();
+            if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(kind) && !string.Equals(kind, "powershell", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: AgentExecutor invocation of kind '{kind}' — exit/output lines not captured as a platform script");
+        }
+
+        private void HandleAgentExecutorCompleted()
+        {
+            RecordInvocationMarker(null, isClose: true);
+            // The end block was written at the executor's own stream position — if that lay
+            // behind the bookmark, the ledger check on the next pass finds it.
+            RequestOverwriteCheck();
         }
 
         private void HandleScriptContext(Match match, Dictionary<string, string> parameters)
@@ -372,6 +419,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             var context = match.Groups["context"]?.Value;
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(context)) return;
 
+            NoteInvocationActivity();
             var runContext = string.Equals(context, "machine", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) ? "System" : "User";
             var script = GetCurrentScriptForLineUpdate(parameters);
             if (script != null)
@@ -386,18 +434,31 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             var exitCodeStr = match.Groups["exitCode"]?.Value;
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(exitCodeStr) || !int.TryParse(exitCodeStr, out var exitCode)) return;
 
-            var script = GetCurrentScriptForLineUpdate(parameters);
+            var script = GetCurrentScriptForLineUpdate(parameters, out var ownerPolicyId);
             if (script != null)
+                ApplyExitCode(script, exitCode, LastMatchedLogTimestamp ?? UtcNowProvider(), CaptureLastMatchedProvenance());
+            else if (ownerPolicyId != null)
+                _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: exit code {exitCode} belongs to platform script {ownerPolicyId}, whose completion was already emitted — dropped");
+            // An exit code means the executor just wrote its end block and IME is about to
+            // write the result — both land at a stale stream position when another process
+            // appended meanwhile. Check the ledgers on the next pass.
+            RequestOverwriteCheck();
+        }
+
+        private void ApplyExitCode(ScriptExecutionState script, int exitCode, DateTime observedAtUtc, CmTraceLineProvenance exitProvenance)
+        {
+            script.ExitCode = exitCode;
+            // Stamp when we learned the script's exit code so the deadline-based fallback
+            // (FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults) can fire if IME never logs its authoritative
+            // PS-SCRIPT-RESULT line in time. Prefer the source CMTrace timestamp (already
+            // UTC-normalized by the parser) so replayed log content is dated correctly. The
+            // line's provenance rides along: the fallback emit is bound to this line.
+            if (string.Equals(script.ScriptType, "platform", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
             {
-                script.ExitCode = exitCode;
-                // Stamp when we learned the script's exit code so the deadline-based fallback
-                // (FlushStalePlatformScriptResults) can fire if IME never logs its authoritative
-                // PS-SCRIPT-RESULT line in time. Prefer the source CMTrace timestamp (already
-                // UTC-normalized by the parser) so replayed log content is dated correctly.
-                if (string.Equals(script.ScriptType, "platform", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
-                    script.ExitObservedAtUtc = LastMatchedLogTimestamp ?? DateTime.UtcNow;
-                _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: script exit code {exitCode} for {script.PolicyId}");
+                script.ExitObservedAtUtc = observedAtUtc;
+                script.ExitProvenance = exitProvenance;
             }
+            _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: script exit code {exitCode} for {script.PolicyId}");
         }
 
         private void HandleScriptOutput(Match match, Dictionary<string, string> parameters)
@@ -446,22 +507,36 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
 
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(id)) return;
 
-            // Dedup: the deadline-based fallback (FlushStalePlatformScriptResults) may already have
+            CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResult(id, result, LastMatchedLogTimestamp, LastMatchedPatternId, CaptureLastMatchedProvenance());
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The authoritative IME <c>PS-SCRIPT-RESULT</c> line of a platform script. Emits at once
+        /// when the executor end block (exit code, output) has been read already — the normal
+        /// order of the two files — and otherwise holds the completion: the end block reaches the
+        /// tracker after the result whenever a concurrent writer overwrote it (the check this
+        /// result triggers recovers it one pass later), when the AgentExecutor.log read of a pass
+        /// simply preceded the exit line by a few milliseconds, or when the poll loop stalled.
+        /// Emitting immediately lost the exit code in all three cases and, once the late start
+        /// line reopened the slot, produced a fallback duplicate (session e7f3c910).
+        /// <see cref="FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults"/> emits the held completion.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal void CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResult(string policyId, string result, DateTime? resultLineTimestampUtc, string patternId, CmTraceLineProvenance resultProvenance)
+        {
+            // Dedup: the deadline-based fallback (FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults) may already have
             // emitted this script from its AgentExecutor exit code because IME's authoritative
             // PS-SCRIPT-RESULT line arrived late. The fallback carries the same exit code + stdout,
             // so re-emitting here would duplicate the timeline entry and inflate counts. Drop the
             // now-redundant pending entry and skip.
-            if (_platformScriptResultEmitted.Contains(id))
+            if (_platformScriptResultEmitted.ContainsKey(policyId))
             {
-                _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: platform script {id} PS-SCRIPT-RESULT arrived after fallback emit — skipping duplicate");
-                _pendingPlatformScripts.Remove(id);
-                if (string.Equals(_lastPlatformScriptPolicyId, id, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
-                    _lastPlatformScriptPolicyId = null;
+                _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: platform script {policyId} PS-SCRIPT-RESULT arrived after fallback emit — skipping duplicate");
+                _pendingPlatformScripts.Remove(policyId);
                 return;
             }
 
             // Merge with pending AgentExecutor data if available
-            if (_pendingPlatformScripts.TryGetValue(id, out var script))
+            if (_pendingPlatformScripts.TryGetValue(policyId, out var script))
             {
                 // Stale-result guard: on an intra-lifetime re-run of the same policy, run 1's
                 // late PS-SCRIPT-RESULT can arrive after run 2's start line already created a
@@ -471,10 +546,10 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                 // line in the source log, so a result older than the pending slot's start
                 // belongs to a previous run — drop it and keep the live slot intact.
                 if (script.StartedAtUtc.HasValue
-                    && LastMatchedLogTimestamp.HasValue
-                    && LastMatchedLogTimestamp.Value < script.StartedAtUtc.Value)
+                    && resultLineTimestampUtc.HasValue
+                    && resultLineTimestampUtc.Value < script.StartedAtUtc.Value)
                 {
-                    _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: platform script {id} result predates the current run's start — stale result from a previous run, skipping");
+                    _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: platform script {policyId} result predates the current run's start — stale result from a previous run, skipping");
                     return;
                 }
             }
@@ -482,70 +557,119 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             {
                 script = new ScriptExecutionState
                 {
-                    PolicyId = id,
+                    PolicyId = policyId,
                     ScriptType = "platform"
                 };
+                _pendingPlatformScripts[policyId] = script;
             }
 
             script.Result = result;
             script.ResultSource = "ime_policy_result";
-
-            _logger.Info($"ImeLogTracker: platform script completed: {id}, result={result}, exit={script.ExitCode}");
-
-            EmitScriptEvent(script);
-            _platformScriptResultEmitted.Add(id);
-            _pendingPlatformScripts.Remove(id);
+            script.ResultObservedAtUtc = resultLineTimestampUtc ?? UtcNowProvider();
+            script.ResultProvenance = resultProvenance;
+            script.ResultPatternId = patternId;
+            _stateDirty = true;
+
+            if (script.ExitCode.HasValue)
+            {
+                EmitPlatformScriptResult(script);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                script.ResultHeldSinceUtc = UtcNowProvider();
+                _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: platform script {policyId} result={result} seen before its executor end block — holding the completion up to {PlatformScriptEndBlockGrace.TotalSeconds:F0}s for the exit code");
+            }
+            // The result block is IME's first write after the script wait — the executor's end
+            // block in the other file may have landed behind the bookmark at the same time.
+            RequestOverwriteCheck();
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The one emit path for platform-script completions (IME result, held result, exit-code
+        /// fallback): event, emitted-marker with the run's source timestamp, slot closed.
+        /// </summary>
+        private void EmitPlatformScriptResult(ScriptExecutionState script, string note = null)
+        {
+            _logger.Info($"ImeLogTracker: platform script completed: {script.PolicyId}, result={script.Result}, exit={script.ExitCode}{(note != null ? $" ({note})" : string.Empty)}");
+            EmitScriptEvent(script);
+            // The run's source stamp, capped at the clock: a result line cannot be read before it
+            // was written, so a stamp ahead of the clock is a wrong zone assumption on that line
+            // (a rewound result resolved in the reader's zone, session 4377911b: +1 h). Left
+            // uncapped, the marker made the genuine NEXT run's start line read as a late line of
+            // this run and its result a duplicate.
+            var runStamp = script.ResultObservedAtUtc ?? script.ExitObservedAtUtc ?? UtcNowProvider();
+            var nowUtc = UtcNowProvider();
+            _platformScriptResultEmitted[script.PolicyId] = runStamp > nowUtc ? nowUtc : runStamp;
+            _pendingPlatformScripts.Remove(script.PolicyId);
             _stateDirty = true;
-            if (string.Equals(_lastPlatformScriptPolicyId, id, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
-                _lastPlatformScriptPolicyId = null;
         }
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Grace period after a platform script's AgentExecutor exit code is observed before
-        /// <see cref="FlushStalePlatformScriptResults"/> emits a completion from that exit code.
-        /// IME logs its authoritative <c>PS-SCRIPT-RESULT</c> line within ~1 s of exit on healthy
-        /// reporting cycles, so 15 s lets the normal path win virtually always — the fallback is a
-        /// true safety net for the case where IME has not flushed its batch-send to the Microsoft
-        /// service before the (often short) Autopilot enrollment ends and the agent terminates.
+        /// <see cref="FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults"/> emits a completion from that exit code.
+        /// IME logs its authoritative <c>PS-SCRIPT-RESULT</c> line within ~1 s of exit; when it
+        /// is missing after 15 s it was hidden by a concurrent writer (the ledger check in
+        /// <c>ImeLogTracker.Overwrite.cs</c> recovers that line) or the enrollment ended before
+        /// IME wrote it — this fallback is the safety net for the remaining cases.
         /// </summary>
         private static readonly TimeSpan PlatformScriptResultGrace = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(15);
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Policy IDs of platform scripts already emitted (via either the authoritative
-        /// PS-SCRIPT-RESULT path or the exit-code fallback). Guards against double emission when
-        /// both fire for the same script.
+        /// How long an IME result waits for the executor end block of its run before the
+        /// completion goes out without an exit code. An overwritten end block surfaces on the
+        /// pass after the result (100 ms, the result triggers the ledger check); a stalled poll
+        /// loop was measured at 2 s (session e7f3c910, VM at 100 % CPU). Well below the 15 s
+        /// exit-code fallback, and the event keeps the result line's timestamp — only its
+        /// delivery waits.
         /// </summary>
-        private readonly HashSet<string> _platformScriptResultEmitted =
-            new HashSet<string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+        internal static readonly TimeSpan PlatformScriptEndBlockGrace = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Emits a <c>script_completed</c>/<c>script_failed</c> for every pending platform script
-        /// that has a known AgentExecutor exit code but whose IME <c>PS-SCRIPT-RESULT</c> line has
-        /// not arrived within <see cref="PlatformScriptResultGrace"/>. Without this, scripts that
-        /// completed shortly before the agent terminates are silently dropped (the
-        /// <c>_pendingPlatformScripts</c> buffer is neither persisted nor flushed on dispose), so a
-        /// device that ran N platform scripts could surface only the long-running one that happened
-        /// to get its IME result logged in time. Result is derived from the exit code (0 → Success,
-        /// else Failed) and tagged <c>resultSource=agentexecutor_fallback</c> so the data is honest
-        /// about its provenance.
-        /// <para>
-        /// Runs on the single-threaded polling loop (no locking needed, same as the handlers).
-        /// <paramref name="force"/> bypasses the grace check for the final pass on shutdown.
-        /// </para>
+        /// Platform scripts already emitted (via the authoritative PS-SCRIPT-RESULT path or the
+        /// exit-code fallback), keyed by policy id with the source timestamp of the emitted run
+        /// (the result line, or the exit line for a fallback emit). Guards against double emission
+        /// when both paths fire for the same script, and tells a late start line of the emitted
+        /// run from the start of the next run.
         /// </summary>
-        internal void FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(DateTime nowUtc, bool force = false)
+        private readonly Dictionary<string, DateTime> _platformScriptResultEmitted =
+            new Dictionary<string, DateTime>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// End-of-pass emit for pending platform scripts, two cases:
+        /// <list type="bullet">
+        /// <item>A held IME result (<see cref="ScriptExecutionState.ResultHeldSinceUtc"/>) goes
+        /// out once its executor end block has been read — the block arrives within one pass, so
+        /// stdout/stderr are in by now — or after <see cref="PlatformScriptEndBlockGrace"/>.</item>
+        /// <item>A script with a known AgentExecutor exit code but no IME <c>PS-SCRIPT-RESULT</c>
+        /// line within <see cref="PlatformScriptResultGrace"/> is emitted from the exit code
+        /// (0 → Success, else Failed), tagged <c>resultSource=agentexecutor_fallback</c> so the
+        /// data is honest about its provenance. Without this, scripts that completed shortly
+        /// before the agent terminates were silently dropped.</item>
+        /// </list>
+        /// Runs on the single-threaded polling loop (no locking needed, same as the handlers).
+        /// <paramref name="force"/> bypasses both grace checks for the final pass on shutdown.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal void FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(DateTime nowUtc, bool force = false)
         {
             if (_pendingPlatformScripts.Count == 0) return;
 
-            List<string> toRemove = null;
-            foreach (var kv in _pendingPlatformScripts)
+            var fallbackEmitted = false;
+            foreach (var script in _pendingPlatformScripts.Values.ToList())
             {
-                var script = kv.Value;
-
                 // Already emitted by the authoritative path — just drop the stale buffer entry.
-                if (_platformScriptResultEmitted.Contains(script.PolicyId))
+                if (_platformScriptResultEmitted.ContainsKey(script.PolicyId))
                 {
-                    (toRemove ??= new List<string>()).Add(kv.Key);
+                    _pendingPlatformScripts.Remove(script.PolicyId);
+                    _stateDirty = true;
+                    continue;
+                }
+
+                if (script.Result != null)
+                {
+                    if (script.ExitCode.HasValue)
+                        EmitPlatformScriptResult(script, "executor end block read after the result");
+                    else if (force || !script.ResultHeldSinceUtc.HasValue || nowUtc - script.ResultHeldSinceUtc.Value >= PlatformScriptEndBlockGrace)
+                        EmitPlatformScriptResult(script, $"no executor end block within {PlatformScriptEndBlockGrace.TotalSeconds:F0}s{(force ? ", shutdown flush" : string.Empty)}");
                     continue;
                 }
 
@@ -560,35 +684,20 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
 
                 script.Result = script.ExitCode.Value == 0 ? "Success" : "Failed";
                 script.ResultSource = "agentexecutor_fallback";
-
-                _logger.Info(
-                    $"ImeLogTracker: platform script {script.PolicyId} result not seen within " +
-                    $"{PlatformScriptResultGrace.TotalSeconds:F0}s{(force ? " (shutdown flush)" : "")} — " +
-                    $"emitting from AgentExecutor exit code {script.ExitCode.Value} (fallback)");
-
-                EmitScriptEvent(script);
-                _platformScriptResultEmitted.Add(script.PolicyId);
-                (toRemove ??= new List<string>()).Add(kv.Key);
+                EmitPlatformScriptResult(script,
+                    $"result not seen within {PlatformScriptResultGrace.TotalSeconds:F0}s{(force ? ", shutdown flush" : string.Empty)} — emitted from AgentExecutor exit code {script.ExitCode.Value} (fallback)");
+                fallbackEmitted = true;
             }
 
-            if (toRemove != null)
-            {
-                // The flush can fire on a quiet polling cycle (grace expiry with no new log
-                // lines), where nothing else marks state dirty — the emitted-markers must reach
-                // the state file before a restart or the restarted tracker re-emits (H1).
-                _stateDirty = true;
-                foreach (var key in toRemove)
-                {
-                    _pendingPlatformScripts.Remove(key);
-                    if (string.Equals(_lastPlatformScriptPolicyId, key, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
-                        _lastPlatformScriptPolicyId = null;
-                }
-            }
+            // The fallback is an end signal like the others: the result line it stood in for
+            // may sit overwritten behind the bookmark of the other file.
+            if (fallbackEmitted) RequestOverwriteCheck();
         }
 
         /// <summary>Test seam: inject a pending platform script as if AgentExecutor.log had reported
         /// its start + exit code, without an IME PS-SCRIPT-RESULT line.</summary>
-        internal void SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting(string policyId, int? exitCode, DateTime? exitObservedAtUtc, string stdout = null, DateTime? startedAtUtc = null)
+        internal void SeedPendingPlatformScriptForTesting(string policyId, int? exitCode, DateTime? exitObservedAtUtc, string stdout = null, DateTime? startedAtUtc = null,
+            CmTraceLineProvenance startedAtProvenance = null, CmTraceLineProvenance exitProvenance = null)
         {
             // Mirrors a fresh execution start: a new run clears any prior emitted-marker (see
             // HandleScriptStarted) so re-runs of the same policy within one lifetime emit again.
@@ -601,50 +710,29 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                 ExitObservedAtUtc = exitObservedAtUtc,
                 Stdout = stdout,
                 StartedAtUtc = startedAtUtc,
+                StartedAtProvenance = startedAtProvenance,
+                ExitProvenance = exitProvenance,
             };
-            _lastPlatformScriptPolicyId = policyId;
+            NextTestEntry();
+            RecordInvocationMarker(policyId, isClose: false);
         }
 
-        /// <summary>Test seam: simulate the authoritative IME PS-SCRIPT-RESULT path for a platform
-        /// script (same code as <see cref="HandleScriptCompleted"/> minus regex extraction).
-        /// <paramref name="resultLineTimestampUtc"/> stands in for the CMTrace timestamp of the
-        /// PS-SCRIPT-RESULT line (production reads it via <see cref="LastMatchedLogTimestamp"/>).</summary>
-        internal void CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResultForTesting(string policyId, string result, DateTime? resultLineTimestampUtc = null)
+        /// <summary>Test seam: the authoritative IME PS-SCRIPT-RESULT path for a platform script
+        /// (the production handler minus regex extraction). <paramref name="resultLineTimestampUtc"/>
+        /// stands in for the CMTrace timestamp of the PS-SCRIPT-RESULT line (production reads it
+        /// via <see cref="LastMatchedLogTimestamp"/>, the fallback here).</summary>
+        internal void CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResultForTesting(string policyId, string result, DateTime? resultLineTimestampUtc = null, CmTraceLineProvenance resultProvenance = null)
         {
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(policyId)) return;
+            CompletePlatformScriptFromImeResult(policyId, result, resultLineTimestampUtc ?? LastMatchedLogTimestamp, "PS-SCRIPT-RESULT", resultProvenance ?? CaptureLastMatchedProvenance());
+        }
 
-            if (_platformScriptResultEmitted.Contains(policyId))
-            {
-                _pendingPlatformScripts.Remove(policyId);
-                if (string.Equals(_lastPlatformScriptPolicyId, policyId, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
-                    _lastPlatformScriptPolicyId = null;
-                return;
-            }
-
+        /// <summary>Test seam: the AgentExecutor exit-code line of a pending platform script (the
+        /// production handler minus regex extraction and positional ownership).</summary>
+        internal void RecordPlatformScriptExitCodeForTesting(string policyId, int exitCode, DateTime observedAtUtc, CmTraceLineProvenance exitProvenance = null)
+        {
             if (_pendingPlatformScripts.TryGetValue(policyId, out var script))
-            {
-                // Mirror of HandleScriptCompleted's stale-result guard: a result older than the
-                // pending slot's start belongs to a previous run of the same policy.
-                if (script.StartedAtUtc.HasValue
-                    && resultLineTimestampUtc.HasValue
-                    && resultLineTimestampUtc.Value < script.StartedAtUtc.Value)
-                {
-                    return;
-                }
-            }
-            else
-            {
-                script = new ScriptExecutionState { PolicyId = policyId, ScriptType = "platform" };
-            }
-
-            script.Result = result;
-            script.ResultSource = "ime_policy_result";
-            EmitScriptEvent(script);
-            _platformScriptResultEmitted.Add(policyId);
-            _pendingPlatformScripts.Remove(policyId);
-            if (string.Equals(_lastPlatformScriptPolicyId, policyId, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
-                _lastPlatformScriptPolicyId = null;
-            _stateDirty = true;
+                ApplyExitCode(script, exitCode, observedAtUtc, exitProvenance);
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -720,8 +808,14 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                 // HS-NEW-RESULT path whose end stamp includes IME's batched reporting latency.
                 // Peek only: HS-NEW-RESULT still consumes + removes the entry for cycle timing.
                 StartedAtUtc = _healthScriptStartTimes.TryGetValue(id, out var earlyStart)
-                    ? earlyStart
+                    ? earlyStart.Utc
                     : (DateTime?)null,
+                StartedAtProvenance = _healthScriptStartTimes.TryGetValue(id, out var earlyStartProvenance)
+                    ? earlyStartProvenance.Provenance
+                    : null,
+                // The HS-COMPLIANCE line is the end of this phase; emitted synchronously, so the
+                // last matched line is it.
+                ResultProvenance = CaptureLastMatchedProvenance(),
                 DurationBasis = "script_runtime",
             };
 
@@ -736,6 +830,17 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             _pendingHealthScript = null;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Test seam: a health-script start line for <paramref name="id"/> stamped
+        /// <paramref name="startedAtUtc"/>, without driving the regex pipeline.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal void HandleHealthScriptStartForTest(string id, DateTime startedAtUtc)
+        {
+            LastMatchedLogTimestamp = startedAtUtc;
+            var match = System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex.Match(id ?? string.Empty, @"(?<id>.+)");
+            HandleScriptStarted(match, new Dictionary<string, string> { ["scriptType"] = "remediation" });
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Test seam: simulates the full HS-SCRIPT-START → HS-RUN-CONTEXT / HS-EXITCODE /
         /// HS-STDOUT / HS-STDERR → HS-COMPLIANCE sequence by directly populating the
@@ -779,10 +884,10 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
         /// HS-SCRIPT-START line had been observed, so a subsequent
         /// <see cref="HandleHealthScriptResultJson"/> surfaces a run duration without driving the
         /// full regex pipeline.</summary>
-        internal void SeedHealthScriptStartForTesting(string policyId, DateTime startedAtUtc)
+        internal void SeedHealthScriptStartForTesting(string policyId, DateTime startedAtUtc, CmTraceLineProvenance provenance = null)
         {
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(policyId)) return;
-            _healthScriptStartTimes[policyId] = startedAtUtc;
+            _healthScriptStartTimes[policyId] = (startedAtUtc, provenance);
         }
 
         private void HandleHealthScriptResult(Match match, Dictionary<string, string> parameters)
@@ -794,6 +899,8 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                 return;
             }
             HandleHealthScriptResultJson(json);
+            // A remediation executor just ended too — its end block may sit behind the bookmark.
+            RequestOverwriteCheck();
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -837,10 +944,12 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             // emitted phase events — the remediation analog of platform-script timing. Consumed +
             // removed so a later re-run of the same policy re-times from its own start. Null when
             // the start line was never seen in the agent's window (e.g. a replayed result).
-            DateTime? cycleStartedAtUtc = _healthScriptStartTimes.TryGetValue(policyId, out var hsStart)
-                ? hsStart
-                : (DateTime?)null;
+            var hasCycleStart = _healthScriptStartTimes.TryGetValue(policyId, out var hsStart);
+            DateTime? cycleStartedAtUtc = hasCycleStart ? hsStart.Utc : (DateTime?)null;
+            var cycleStartProvenance = hasCycleStart ? hsStart.Provenance : null;
             _healthScriptStartTimes.Remove(policyId);
+            // Every phase ends on this HS-NEW-RESULT line.
+            var resultProvenance = CaptureLastMatchedProvenance();
 
             // Common metadata — applied to every emitted phase event.
             var remediationStatus = TryGetInt(root, "RemediationStatus");
@@ -880,7 +989,9 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                 targetType: targetType,
                 errorCode: errorCode,
                 errorDetails: errorDetails,
-                startedAtUtc: cycleStartedAtUtc);
+                startedAtUtc: cycleStartedAtUtc,
+                startedAtProvenance: cycleStartProvenance,
+                resultProvenance: resultProvenance);
             // complianceResult mirrors the legacy HS-COMPLIANCE event semantics: True when the
             // pre-detection script reported compliant (exit 0), False otherwise.
             detection.ComplianceResult = firstDetectExit == 0 ? "True" : (firstDetectExit.HasValue ? "False" : null);
@@ -904,7 +1015,9 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                     targetType: targetType,
                     errorCode: errorCode,
                     errorDetails: errorDetails,
-                    startedAtUtc: cycleStartedAtUtc);
+                    startedAtUtc: cycleStartedAtUtc,
+                startedAtProvenance: cycleStartProvenance,
+                resultProvenance: resultProvenance);
                 // No complianceResult on the remediation phase — there is nothing to be compliant about.
                 EmitScriptEvent(remediation);
             }
@@ -926,7 +1039,9 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                     targetType: targetType,
                     errorCode: errorCode,
                     errorDetails: errorDetails,
-                    startedAtUtc: cycleStartedAtUtc);
+                    startedAtUtc: cycleStartedAtUtc,
+                startedAtProvenance: cycleStartProvenance,
+                resultProvenance: resultProvenance);
                 postDetection.ComplianceResult = lastDetectExit == 0 ? "True" : (lastDetectExit.HasValue ? "False" : null);
                 EmitScriptEvent(postDetection);
             }
@@ -949,7 +1064,9 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             int? targetType,
             int? errorCode,
             string errorDetails,
-            DateTime? startedAtUtc) =>
+            DateTime? startedAtUtc,
+            CmTraceLineProvenance startedAtProvenance,
+            CmTraceLineProvenance resultProvenance) =>
             new ScriptExecutionState
             {
                 PolicyId = policyId,
@@ -966,6 +1083,8 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                 // Cycle start (HS-SCRIPT-START). Every phase carries the same cycle start so the
                 // adapter computes the total run duration; the Web surfaces it once at card level.
                 StartedAtUtc = startedAtUtc,
+                StartedAtProvenance = startedAtProvenance,
+                ResultProvenance = resultProvenance,
                 // End stamp is the HS-NEW-RESULT line — written only after IME's batched report
                 // to the service, so this duration overstates the actual script execution time.
                 DurationBasis = "cycle_including_reporting_latency"
@@ -992,9 +1111,58 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
         private void EmitScriptEvent(ScriptExecutionState script)
         {
             if (script == null || string.IsNullOrEmpty(script.PolicyId)) return;
+
+            // Health scripts recur for as long as the device is up; platform scripts run once.
+            if (string.Equals(script.ScriptType, "remediation", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)
+                && !_currentLineIsHistoricReplay)
+            {
+                var emit = _recurringScripts.OnResult(script, LastMatchedLogTimestamp ?? UtcNowProvider(), out var releasedStart);
+                _stateDirty = true;
+                if (!emit)
+                {
+                    _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: health script {script.PolicyId} {script.ScriptPart} repeats its last reported result — counted, not emitted");
+                    return;
+                }
+                if (releasedStart != null) RaiseScriptStarted(releasedStart);
+            }
+
             OnScriptCompleted?.Invoke(script);
         }
 
+        private void RaiseScriptStarted(ScriptStartedInfo info)
+        {
+            try { OnScriptStarted?.Invoke(info); }
+            catch (Exception ex) { _logger.Warning($"ImeLogTracker: OnScriptStarted handler threw: {ex.Message}"); }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// A held start whose run produced no result for <see cref="HeldScriptStartGrace"/> is
+        /// emitted after all: the script did not finish. On shutdown the shorter
+        /// <see cref="HeldScriptStartShutdownGrace"/> applies — a start read moments before the
+        /// stop stays held for the next run of this session instead of reading as unfinished.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal void FlushRecurringScripts(DateTime nowUtc, bool shuttingDown)
+        {
+            var released = _recurringScripts.ReleaseStartsWithoutResult(
+                nowUtc, shuttingDown ? HeldScriptStartShutdownGrace : HeldScriptStartGrace);
+            foreach (var start in released) RaiseScriptStarted(start);
+
+            if (shuttingDown)
+            {
+                foreach (var summary in _recurringScripts.TakeSummaries())
+                {
+                    try { OnScriptRecurrenceSummary?.Invoke(summary); }
+                    catch (Exception ex) { _logger.Warning($"ImeLogTracker: OnScriptRecurrenceSummary handler threw: {ex.Message}"); }
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (_recurringScripts.ConsumeDirty()) _stateDirty = true;
+        }
+
+        // IME aborts a health script after roughly 30 minutes.
+        internal static readonly TimeSpan HeldScriptStartGrace = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30);
+        internal static readonly TimeSpan HeldScriptStartShutdownGrace = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(5);
+
         private static string TruncateOutput(string output)
         {
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(output) || output.Length <= MaxScriptOutputLength)

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/Ime/ImeLogTracker.LogProcessing.cs

@@ -78,243 +78,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
 
                 try
                 {
-                    var fileInfo = new FileInfo(filePath);
-                    if (!fileInfo.Exists) continue;
-
-                    // Captured BEFORE MarkChecked below stamps this pass. Growth measured
-                    // against a previously observed state is what makes this pass's lines valid
-                    // "written now" anchors — for the per-file measurement AND per-line anchoring.
-                    var hadPreviousObservation = _positionTracker.HasSeen(filePath);
-                    var lastCheckedUtc = _positionTracker.GetLastCheckedUtc(filePath);
-                    var passNowUtc = UtcNowProvider();
-
-                    var startPos = _positionTracker.GetSafePosition(filePath, fileInfo.Length);
-
-                    // Every look counts, including "no new data" and an empty first sight: the
-                    // NEXT pass's freshness window is measured from here. Restored bookmarks
-                    // deliberately carry no LastCheckedUtc — the first pass after a restart reads
-                    // downtime backlog and must never count as fresh.
-                    _positionTracker.MarkChecked(filePath, passNowUtc);
-
-                    if (startPos >= fileInfo.Length)
-                    {
-                        // M2: guard the interpolated string so it isn't built every 100 ms tick
-                        // (per file) when Trace is off — which is the production default (Info).
-                        if (_logger.LogLevel >= AgentLogLevel.Trace)
-                            _logger.Trace($"ImeLogTracker: {Path.GetFileName(filePath)} — no new data (pos={startPos}, size={fileInfo.Length})");
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    if (_logger.LogLevel >= AgentLogLevel.Trace)
-                        _logger.Trace($"ImeLogTracker: reading {Path.GetFileName(filePath)} from pos {startPos} (size={fileInfo.Length}, delta={fileInfo.Length - startPos})");
-
-                    _currentSourceFileName = Path.GetFileName(filePath);
-                    _currentPassLinesAreFresh = hadPreviousObservation
-                        && lastCheckedUtc > DateTime.MinValue
-                        && (passNowUtc - lastCheckedUtc) <= FreshLineMaxAge;
-
-                    // Newest bias-less line of this pass — the calibration anchor. Bias-carrying
-                    // lines are skipped: they already state the writer's offset, so they need no
-                    // measurement and must not overwrite one.
-                    CmTraceLogEntry calibrationAnchor = null;
-
-                    using (var stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite))
-                    {
-                        stream.Seek(startPos, SeekOrigin.Begin);
-
-                        var reader = new BoundedLineReader(stream, MaxEntryBytes);
-                        var stats = new PassStats();
-
-                        // Buffer for multiline CMTrace entries (e.g. AgentExecutor.log
-                        // "write output done. output = ..." spans many lines)
-                        StringBuilder multiLineBuffer = null;
-                        int multiLineCount = 0;
-                        // Set after a capped entry is dropped: its remaining physical lines
-                        // are skipped instead of being matched as raw text, until the entry
-                        // closes or a new entry begins (so no real entry is lost).
-                        bool skippingDroppedEntry = false;
-                        // File offset where the entry currently being assembled/processed
-                        // begins — the bookmark to fall back to when that entry is NOT
-                        // consumed (cancellation, or a held-back unterminated tail).
-                        long entryStart = startPos;
-                        // Where the next pass resumes. EOF unless an entry is left unconsumed.
-                        long resumePos;
-
-                        while (true)
-                        {
-                            // CancellationToken.None: cancellation is honoured by the explicit
-                            // check below (exact bookmark) rather than by an exception out of
-                            // the read, which the poll loop would log as an error.
-                            var line = await reader.ReadLineAsync(CancellationToken.None);
-                            if (line == null)
-                            {
-                                // EOF. An in-flight multiline entry here is an entry the writer
-                                // has not finished — hold it back (see HoldBackTail) instead of
-                                // dropping it and raw-matching its remaining lines next pass.
-                                if (multiLineBuffer != null && HoldBackTail(filePath, entryStart, fileInfo.Length, passNowUtc))
-                                {
-                                    _heldTailCount++;
-                                    resumePos = entryStart;
-                                    break;
-                                }
-                                resumePos = reader.Position;
-                                break;
-                            }
-
-                            if (token.IsCancellationRequested)
-                            {
-                                // Exact bookmark: nothing of this line (or of the multiline
-                                // entry it belongs to) has been handled.
-                                resumePos = multiLineBuffer != null ? entryStart : reader.LastLineStart;
-                                break;
-                            }
-
-                            if (multiLineBuffer == null)
-                                entryStart = reader.LastLineStart;
-
-                            _linesRead++;
-
-                            // A physical line over the cap is never matched: its captures would be
-                            // cut and the regexes would run over attacker-sized input. The capped
-                            // prefix is enough to tell whether it opened an entry whose remaining
-                            // lines must be skipped rather than raw-matched.
-                            if (reader.LastLineTruncated)
-                            {
-                                stats.OversizedLines++;
-                                _oversizedLines++;
-                                if (multiLineBuffer != null)
-                                {
-                                    multiLineBuffer = null;
-                                    multiLineCount = 0;
-                                    skippingDroppedEntry = true;
-                                }
-                                else if (line.StartsWith("<![LOG[") && !line.Contains("]LOG]!>"))
-                                {
-                                    skippingDroppedEntry = true;
-                                }
-                                continue;
-                            }
-
-                            if (!reader.LastLineTerminated && multiLineBuffer == null
-                                && HoldBackTail(filePath, reader.LastLineStart, fileInfo.Length, passNowUtc))
-                            {
-                                // Unterminated single line at EOF: the writer is mid-line.
-                                _heldTailCount++;
-                                resumePos = reader.LastLineStart;
-                                break;
-                            }
-
-                            if (skippingDroppedEntry)
-                            {
-                                // A line opening a new entry ends the skip and is processed
-                                // itself — checked BEFORE the close-tag test, because a complete
-                                // single-line entry contains both and must not be consumed as
-                                // the dropped entry's close.
-                                if (line.StartsWith("<![LOG["))
-                                    skippingDroppedEntry = false;
-                                else
-                                {
-                                    if (line.Contains("]LOG]!>")) skippingDroppedEntry = false;
-                                    continue;
-                                }
-                            }
-
-                            // --- Multiline CMTrace buffering ---
-                            // CMTrace entries: <![LOG[message]LOG]!><time=...>
-                            // When message contains newlines, the entry spans multiple lines.
-                            // We buffer until we find the closing ]LOG]!> tag.
-                            if (multiLineBuffer != null)
-                            {
-                                // Continuing a multiline entry
-                                multiLineBuffer.Append('\n').Append(line);
-                                multiLineCount++;
-
-                                if (line.Contains("]LOG]!>"))
-                                {
-                                    // Entry complete — use the assembled line
-                                    line = multiLineBuffer.ToString();
-                                    multiLineBuffer = null;
-                                    multiLineCount = 0;
-                                }
-                                else if (multiLineCount >= MaxMultiLineBufferLines || multiLineBuffer.Length >= MaxEntryBytes)
-                                {
-                                    // Safety limit — discard to bound memory and parser work. Warning
-                                    // (not Debug) so a capped entry is visible in the client log at the
-                                    // default level: a real IME entry this large would be news.
-                                    _logger.Warning($"ImeLogTracker: discarding multiline CMTrace buffer in {Path.GetFileName(filePath)} after {multiLineCount} lines / {multiLineBuffer.Length} chars (cap {MaxMultiLineBufferLines} lines / {MaxEntryBytes} chars) — entry dropped");
-                                    multiLineBuffer = null;
-                                    multiLineCount = 0;
-                                    skippingDroppedEntry = true;
-                                    continue;
-                                }
-                                else
-                                {
-                                    // Still accumulating — read next line
-                                    continue;
-                                }
-                            }
-                            else if (line.StartsWith("<![LOG[") && !line.Contains("]LOG]!>"))
-                            {
-                                // Start of a multiline CMTrace entry
-                                multiLineBuffer = new StringBuilder(line);
-                                multiLineCount = 1;
-                                continue;
-                            }
-
-                            // --- Normal processing (single-line or completed multiline) ---
-                            CmTraceLogEntry entry;
-                            string messageToMatch;
-                            _currentEntryOffset = entryStart;
-                            if (CmTraceLogParser.TryParseLine(line, out entry))
-                            {
-                                messageToMatch = entry.Message;
-                                if (entry.HasTimestamp && !entry.BiasMinutes.HasValue)
-                                    calibrationAnchor = entry;
-                            }
-                            else
-                            {
-                                // Non-CMTrace line - match raw
-                                messageToMatch = line;
-                                entry = null;
-                            }
-
-                            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(messageToMatch)) continue;
-
-                            // Simulation mode delay
-                            if (SimulationMode && entry != null)
-                            {
-                                await ApplySimulationDelay(ResolveEntryUtc(entry), token);
-                            }
-
-                            MatchLine(filePath, line, messageToMatch, entry, stats);
-                        }
-
-                        ClearHeldTailIfConsumed(filePath, resumePos);
-                        _positionTracker.SetPosition(filePath, resumePos);
-                        _stateDirty = true;
-                        backlogBytes += Math.Max(0, fileInfo.Length - resumePos);
-
-                        // One line per pass and file, never per hostile line: the counters are
-                        // the operator's only trace that matching was skipped or cut short.
-                        if (stats.RegexTimeouts > 0 || stats.BudgetBreaks > 0 || stats.OversizedLines > 0)
-                        {
-                            _logger.Warning(
-                                $"ImeLogTracker: {Path.GetFileName(filePath)} pass skipped work — " +
-                                $"oversizedLines={stats.OversizedLines} (cap {MaxEntryBytes} bytes), " +
-                                $"regexTimeouts={stats.RegexTimeouts}, lineBudgetBreaks={stats.BudgetBreaks}" +
-                                (stats.FirstSkippedPatternId != null ? $", firstSkippedPattern={stats.FirstSkippedPatternId}" : string.Empty));
-                            RaiseTrackerDegradedOnce(Path.GetFileName(filePath), stats.FirstSkippedPatternId);
-                        }
-
-                        // Calibrate AFTER the pass: this pass's lines were resolved with the
-                        // offset established previously, at most one poll (100 ms) old. Buffering
-                        // the pass to calibrate first is not an option — the first pass of
-                        // AppWorkload.log can be hundreds of MB. The cost is a warm-up of one
-                        // growing pass, during which lines fall back to the reader zone and are
-                        // flagged as such.
-                        if (hadPreviousObservation && calibrationAnchor != null)
-                            CalibrateFrom(_currentSourceFileName, Path.GetFileName(filePath), calibrationAnchor);
-                        _currentEntryOffset = -1;
-                    }
+                    backlogBytes += await ProcessFileAsync(filePath, token);
                 }
                 catch (FileNotFoundException) { }
                 catch (IOException ex)
@@ -330,6 +94,246 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             }
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// One pass over one file: the bytes behind the bookmark, on a multi-writer file preceded
+        /// by the overwrite check that may move the bookmark back first (see
+        /// <c>ImeLogTracker.Overwrite.cs</c>). Returns the file's remaining backlog in bytes.
+        /// </summary>
+        private async Task<long> ProcessFileAsync(string filePath, CancellationToken token)
+        {
+            var fileInfo = new FileInfo(filePath);
+            if (!fileInfo.Exists) return 0;
+
+            // Captured BEFORE MarkChecked below stamps this pass. Growth measured
+            // against a previously observed state is what makes this pass's lines valid
+            // "written now" anchors — for the per-file measurement AND per-line anchoring.
+            var hadPreviousObservation = _positionTracker.HasSeen(filePath);
+            var lastCheckedUtc = _positionTracker.GetLastCheckedUtc(filePath);
+            var passNowUtc = UtcNowProvider();
+
+            var startPos = _positionTracker.GetSafePosition(filePath, fileInfo.Length);
+
+            // Every look counts, including "no new data" and an empty first sight: the
+            // NEXT pass's freshness window is measured from here. Restored bookmarks
+            // deliberately carry no LastCheckedUtc — the first pass after a restart reads
+            // downtime backlog and must never count as fresh.
+            _positionTracker.MarkChecked(filePath, passNowUtc);
+
+            var fileName = Path.GetFileName(filePath);
+            var ledger = IsMultiWriterLogFile(fileName) ? GetLedger(fileName) : null;
+
+            // Set by a rewind: entries that still read unchanged behind the old bookmark are
+            // skipped, and nothing below the old bookmark is fresh or a calibration anchor.
+            HashSet<LedgerEntry> rewoundEntries = null;
+            long oldBookmark = -1;
+
+            if (ledger != null)
+            {
+                var rewindTo = await PrepareLedgerAsync(filePath, fileName, ledger, startPos, passNowUtc, token);
+                if (rewindTo >= 0)
+                {
+                    rewoundEntries = ApplyRewind(filePath, fileName, ledger, rewindTo, startPos);
+                    oldBookmark = startPos;
+                    startPos = rewindTo;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if (startPos >= fileInfo.Length)
+            {
+                // M2: guard the interpolated string so it isn't built every 100 ms tick
+                // (per file) when Trace is off — which is the production default (Info).
+                if (_logger.LogLevel >= AgentLogLevel.Trace)
+                    _logger.Trace($"ImeLogTracker: {fileName} — no new data (pos={startPos}, size={fileInfo.Length})");
+                return 0;
+            }
+            if (_logger.LogLevel >= AgentLogLevel.Trace)
+                _logger.Trace($"ImeLogTracker: reading {fileName} from pos {startPos} (size={fileInfo.Length}, delta={fileInfo.Length - startPos})");
+
+            _currentSourceFileName = fileName;
+            var passLinesAreFresh = hadPreviousObservation
+                && lastCheckedUtc > DateTime.MinValue
+                && (passNowUtc - lastCheckedUtc) <= FreshLineMaxAge;
+            _currentPassLinesAreFresh = passLinesAreFresh;
+
+            // Newest bias-less line of this pass — the calibration anchor. Bias-carrying
+            // lines are skipped: they already state the writer's offset, so they need no
+            // measurement and must not overwrite one.
+            CmTraceLogEntry calibrationAnchor = null;
+
+            using (var stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite))
+            {
+                // Guard zone: the file grew and is open anyway — re-check the entries just behind
+                // the bookmark, where a stale writer's block lands when it is short.
+                if (ledger != null && rewoundEntries == null && ledger.Entries.Count > 0)
+                {
+                    var guardFrom = ledger.OffsetOfEntryAtOrAfter(startPos - OverwriteGuardBytes);
+                    if (guardFrom >= 0 && guardFrom < startPos)
+                    {
+                        var divergence = await FindOverwriteAsync(stream, ledger, guardFrom, startPos, token);
+                        _verifiedBytes += startPos - guardFrom;
+                        if (divergence >= 0)
+                        {
+                            // The guard saw only the tail of the ledger; the block may start earlier.
+                            var earliest = await FindOverwriteAsync(stream, ledger, ledger.StartOffset, startPos, token);
+                            _verifiedBytes += startPos - ledger.StartOffset;
+                            _verifyPasses++;
+                            if (earliest >= 0) divergence = earliest;
+                            rewoundEntries = ApplyRewind(filePath, fileName, ledger, divergence, startPos);
+                            oldBookmark = startPos;
+                            startPos = divergence;
+                        }
+                    }
+                }
+
+                stream.Seek(startPos, SeekOrigin.Begin);
+
+                var reader = new BoundedLineReader(stream, MaxEntryBytes, hashLines: ledger != null);
+                var assembler = new CmTraceEntryAssembler(MaxMultiLineBufferLines, MaxEntryBytes);
+                var stats = new PassStats();
+                var firstEntry = true;
+                // Where the next pass resumes. EOF unless an entry is left unconsumed.
+                long resumePos;
+
+                while (true)
+                {
+                    // CancellationToken.None: cancellation is honoured by the explicit
+                    // check below (exact bookmark) rather than by an exception out of
+                    // the read, which the poll loop would log as an error.
+                    var line = await reader.ReadLineAsync(CancellationToken.None);
+                    if (line == null)
+                    {
+                        // EOF. An in-flight multiline entry here is an entry the writer
+                        // has not finished — hold it back (see HoldBackTail) instead of
+                        // dropping it and raw-matching its remaining lines next pass.
+                        if (assembler.HasOpenEntry && HoldBackTail(filePath, assembler.OpenEntryStart, fileInfo.Length, passNowUtc))
+                        {
+                            _heldTailCount++;
+                            resumePos = assembler.OpenEntryStart;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                        resumePos = reader.Position;
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    if (token.IsCancellationRequested)
+                    {
+                        // Exact bookmark: nothing of this line (or of the multiline
+                        // entry it belongs to) has been handled.
+                        resumePos = assembler.HasOpenEntry ? assembler.OpenEntryStart : reader.LastLineStart;
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    _linesRead++;
+
+                    if (!reader.LastLineTruncated && !reader.LastLineTerminated && !assembler.HasOpenEntry
+                        && HoldBackTail(filePath, reader.LastLineStart, fileInfo.Length, passNowUtc))
+                    {
+                        // Unterminated single line at EOF: the writer is mid-line.
+                        _heldTailCount++;
+                        resumePos = reader.LastLineStart;
+                        break;
+                    }
+
+                    AssembledEntry entry;
+                    var outcome = assembler.Feed(line, reader.LastLineStart, reader.Position, reader.LastLineTruncated, reader.LastLineHash, out entry);
+                    if (outcome == CmTraceEntryAssembler.Outcome.OversizedDropped)
+                    {
+                        // A physical line over the cap is never matched: its captures would be
+                        // cut and the regexes would run over attacker-sized input.
+                        stats.OversizedLines++;
+                        _oversizedLines++;
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if (outcome == CmTraceEntryAssembler.Outcome.CapDropped)
+                    {
+                        // Warning (not Debug) so a capped entry is visible in the client log at the
+                        // default level: a real IME entry this large would be news.
+                        _logger.Warning($"ImeLogTracker: discarding multiline CMTrace buffer in {fileName} after {assembler.DroppedLines} lines / {assembler.DroppedChars} chars (cap {MaxMultiLineBufferLines} lines / {MaxEntryBytes} chars) — entry dropped");
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    if (outcome != CmTraceEntryAssembler.Outcome.Entry) continue;
+
+                    if (firstEntry)
+                    {
+                        firstEntry = false;
+                        // A fragment right at the bookmark of a multi-writer file (the previous
+                        // entry ended exactly here, this one does not open an entry) is the tail of
+                        // a block a stale writer laid over already-read bytes: verify before reading on.
+                        if (ledger != null && rewoundEntries == null && entry.Offset == ledger.EndOffset
+                            && ledger.LastFragmentOffset != entry.Offset && !entry.Text.StartsWith("<![LOG["))
+                        {
+                            ledger.VerifyRequested = true;
+                            ledger.LastFragmentOffset = entry.Offset;
+                            resumePos = entry.Offset;
+                            break;
+                        }
+                    }
+
+                    if (ledger != null) ledger.Record(entry);
+                    if (rewoundEntries != null && rewoundEntries.Contains(new LedgerEntry { Offset = entry.Offset, Hash = entry.Hash }))
+                        continue; // unchanged behind the old bookmark — processed before the rewind
+
+                    _currentPassLinesAreFresh = passLinesAreFresh && entry.Offset >= oldBookmark;
+
+                    // --- Normal processing (single-line or completed multiline) ---
+                    CmTraceLogEntry parsed;
+                    string messageToMatch;
+                    _currentEntryOffset = entry.Offset;
+                    if (CmTraceLogParser.TryParseLine(entry.Text, out parsed))
+                    {
+                        messageToMatch = parsed.Message;
+                        if (parsed.HasTimestamp && !parsed.BiasMinutes.HasValue && entry.Offset >= oldBookmark)
+                            calibrationAnchor = parsed;
+                    }
+                    else
+                    {
+                        // Non-CMTrace line - match raw
+                        messageToMatch = entry.Text;
+                        parsed = null;
+                    }
+
+                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(messageToMatch)) continue;
+
+                    // Simulation mode delay
+                    if (SimulationMode && parsed != null)
+                    {
+                        await ApplySimulationDelay(ResolveEntryUtc(parsed), token);
+                    }
+
+                    MatchLine(filePath, entry.Text, messageToMatch, parsed, stats);
+                }
+
+                ClearHeldTailIfConsumed(filePath, resumePos);
+                _positionTracker.SetPosition(filePath, resumePos);
+                _stateDirty = true;
+                if (ledger != null) ledger.TrimBelow(RetentionFloor(fileName, resumePos));
+
+                // One line per pass and file, never per hostile line: the counters are
+                // the operator's only trace that matching was skipped or cut short.
+                if (stats.RegexTimeouts > 0 || stats.BudgetBreaks > 0 || stats.OversizedLines > 0)
+                {
+                    _logger.Warning(
+                        $"ImeLogTracker: {fileName} pass skipped work — " +
+                        $"oversizedLines={stats.OversizedLines} (cap {MaxEntryBytes} bytes), " +
+                        $"regexTimeouts={stats.RegexTimeouts}, lineBudgetBreaks={stats.BudgetBreaks}" +
+                        (stats.FirstSkippedPatternId != null ? $", firstSkippedPattern={stats.FirstSkippedPatternId}" : string.Empty));
+                    RaiseTrackerDegradedOnce(fileName, stats.FirstSkippedPatternId);
+                }
+
+                // Calibrate AFTER the pass: this pass's lines were resolved with the
+                // offset established previously, at most one poll (100 ms) old. Buffering
+                // the pass to calibrate first is not an option — the first pass of
+                // AppWorkload.log can be hundreds of MB. The cost is a warm-up of one
+                // growing pass, during which lines fall back to the reader zone and are
+                // flagged as such.
+                if (hadPreviousObservation && calibrationAnchor != null)
+                    CalibrateFrom(_currentSourceFileName, fileName, calibrationAnchor);
+                _currentEntryOffset = -1;
+
+                return Math.Max(0, fileInfo.Length - resumePos);
+            }
+        }
+
         private sealed class PassStats
         {
             public int RegexTimeouts;
@@ -501,6 +505,21 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             "imetokenfailure",
         };
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Snapshot of the last matched line's provenance, for a consumer that acts later than
+        /// the match (a held platform-script result, a run duration across two lines) and must
+        /// describe THAT line rather than whichever line is matched by then.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal CmTraceLineProvenance CaptureLastMatchedProvenance() => new CmTraceLineProvenance
+        {
+            SourceLocalTs = LastMatchedSourceLocalTimestamp,
+            Origin = LastMatchedSourceOffsetOrigin,
+            OffsetMinutes = LastMatchedSourceOffsetMinutes,
+            EraAnchorKind = LastMatchedEraAnchorKind,
+            MeasuredWriterOffsetMinutes = LastMatchedMeasuredWriterOffsetMinutes,
+            SourceFileName = _currentSourceFileName,
+        };
+
         private void HandlePatternMatch(CompiledPattern pattern, Match match, string message, CmTraceLogEntry entry)
         {
             LastMatchedPatternId = pattern.PatternId;
@@ -547,6 +566,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             // replays historic logs on purpose and bypasses the guard.
             var isStaleReplayLine = !SimulationMode && entry != null
                 && (UtcNowProvider() - NormalizeUtc(ResolveEntryUtc(entry))) > HistoricReplayThreshold;
+            _currentLineIsHistoricReplay = isStaleReplayLine;
             if (isStaleReplayLine && AppMutatingActions.Contains(pattern.Action?.ToLower() ?? string.Empty))
             {
                 _logger.Debug($"ImeLogTracker: skipped app action '{pattern.Action}' for historic line ({ResolveEntryUtc(entry):o})");
@@ -828,10 +848,18 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                         break;
 
                     case "resetplatformscriptcontext":
-                        // Session 6b4993e5 fix: a fresh AgentExecutor invocation banner
-                        // ("ExecutorLog AgentExecutor gets invoked") ends the previous
-                        // invocation's line-capture context. See HandleAgentExecutorInvocationBoundary.
-                        HandleAgentExecutorInvocationBoundary();
+                        // "ExecutorLog AgentExecutor gets invoked": a new process — the executor
+                        // lines that follow belong to its own argument line, never to the
+                        // previous invocation (session 6b4993e5).
+                        HandleAgentExecutorInvocation();
+                        break;
+
+                    case "agentinvocationargument":
+                        HandleAgentInvocationArgument(match.Groups["kind"]?.Value);
+                        break;
+
+                    case "agentexecutorcompleted":
+                        HandleAgentExecutorCompleted();
                         break;
 
                     case "healthscriptresult":
@@ -859,11 +887,15 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
         /// <c>_activePatterns</c> → <see cref="HandlePatternMatch"/>). Lets unit tests drive the
         /// script / app handlers deterministically without writing CMTrace files or spinning the
         /// poller. <paramref name="sourceTimestampUtc"/> populates the entry timestamp some
-        /// handlers read via <see cref="LastMatchedLogTimestamp"/>.
+        /// handlers read via <see cref="LastMatchedLogTimestamp"/>. <paramref name="sourceFileName"/>
+        /// names the log the line comes from — positional ownership is per file — and stays in
+        /// effect for later calls; omitted, the line lands in the test file.
         /// </summary>
-        internal void ProcessLogMessageForTest(string message, DateTime? sourceTimestampUtc = null)
+        internal void ProcessLogMessageForTest(string message, DateTime? sourceTimestampUtc = null, string sourceFileName = null)
         {
             if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(message)) return;
+            if (sourceFileName != null) _currentSourceFileName = sourceFileName;
+            NextTestEntry();
             // The test seam hands in an already-resolved UTC instant, so it takes the same route a
             // writer-declared bias does: TimestampUtc set, no zone left to guess.
             var entry = sourceTimestampUtc.HasValue

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/Ime/ImeLogTracker.Overwrite.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,490 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.IO;
+using System.Threading;
+using System.Threading.Tasks;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Partial: overwrite-aware tailing of the two IME logs that several processes append to.
+    /// <para>
+    /// IME's trace listener opens each log once per process with FileMode.Append and
+    /// FileShare.ReadWrite and writes at its own stream position afterwards. AgentExecutor.exe
+    /// (two processes per user-context script, one per detection or remediation script) has such
+    /// a listener on AgentExecutor.log AND on IntuneManagementExtension.log. Whenever one process
+    /// resumes writing after another one appended, it overwrites those bytes: the final file
+    /// holds the last writer, while a tailer that trusts its bookmark read the first version and
+    /// never sees the second (session 46749560: 6 of 16 script results, 4 of 16 exit blocks).
+    /// </para>
+    /// <para>
+    /// So the bytes behind the bookmark are not immutable. The tracker keeps a fingerprint ledger
+    /// of every entry it read from these files, re-verifies it while script invocations are in
+    /// flight or right after a signal that a stale writer just wrote, and on the first changed
+    /// entry rewinds the bookmark — processing only entries it has not processed before.
+    /// </para>
+    /// </summary>
+    public partial class ImeLogTracker
+    {
+        /// <summary>Live logs with more than one writing process; archived rotations are closed files.</summary>
+        internal static readonly string[] MultiWriterLogFiles = { "AgentExecutor.log", "IntuneManagementExtension.log" };
+
+        /// <summary>Ledger depth behind the bookmark while no script is in flight.</summary>
+        internal const int LedgerRetentionBytes = 1024 * 1024;
+
+        /// <summary>Hard cap on the ledger depth, whatever is in flight.</summary>
+        internal const int LedgerMaxBytes = 4 * 1024 * 1024;
+
+        /// <summary>Entries this close to the bookmark are re-checked on every pass that found growth (the file is open anyway).</summary>
+        internal const int OverwriteGuardBytes = 4 * 1024;
+
+        /// <summary>After a restart the ledger is seeded from this many bytes before the persisted bookmark.</summary>
+        internal const int RestartSeedBytes = 64 * 1024;
+
+        /// <summary>Verification work per second while in contention — a deep ledger is checked less often, never skipped.</summary>
+        internal const long VerifyBudgetBytesPerSecond = 256 * 1024;
+
+        internal static readonly TimeSpan VerifyMinInterval = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(1);
+
+        /// <summary>How long an observed invocation keeps the files in contention on its own (detection executors have no pending slot).</summary>
+        internal static readonly TimeSpan InvocationContentionWindow = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(120);
+
+        /// <summary>A pending script older than this no longer holds the files in contention.</summary>
+        internal static readonly TimeSpan MaxPendingScriptContention = TimeSpan.FromHours(2);
+
+        private const int MaxInvocationMarkersPerFile = 512;
+        private const string TestSourceFileName = "TEST.log";
+        private const string LogOpenTag = "<![LOG[";
+
+        /// <summary>One processed entry: where it starts, how far it reaches, what its bytes hashed to.</summary>
+        internal struct LedgerEntry : IEquatable<LedgerEntry>
+        {
+            public long Offset;
+            public int Length;
+            public ulong Hash;
+
+            // Identity is (offset, hash): a tail first read unterminated and later completed
+            // keeps its hash but grows by its terminator.
+            public bool Equals(LedgerEntry other) => Offset == other.Offset && Hash == other.Hash;
+            public override bool Equals(object obj) => obj is LedgerEntry other && Equals(other);
+            public override int GetHashCode() => unchecked(((int)Offset * 397) ^ (int)Hash ^ (int)(Hash >> 32));
+        }
+
+        internal sealed class FileLedger
+        {
+            public readonly List<LedgerEntry> Entries = new List<LedgerEntry>();
+            public bool VerifyRequested;
+            public DateTime NextCadenceVerifyUtc = DateTime.MinValue;
+            public long LastFragmentOffset = -1;
+            public bool Seeded;
+            public bool RewindLogged;
+
+            public long StartOffset => Entries.Count > 0 ? Entries[0].Offset : -1;
+            public long EndOffset => Entries.Count > 0 ? Entries[Entries.Count - 1].Offset + Entries[Entries.Count - 1].Length : -1;
+
+            public int IndexOfFirstAtOrAfter(long offset)
+            {
+                int lo = 0, hi = Entries.Count;
+                while (lo < hi)
+                {
+                    var mid = (lo + hi) >> 1;
+                    if (Entries[mid].Offset < offset) lo = mid + 1; else hi = mid;
+                }
+                return lo;
+            }
+
+            /// <summary>Entry offset at or after <paramref name="offset"/>, or -1.</summary>
+            public long OffsetOfEntryAtOrAfter(long offset)
+            {
+                var idx = IndexOfFirstAtOrAfter(offset);
+                return idx < Entries.Count ? Entries[idx].Offset : -1;
+            }
+
+            public void Record(AssembledEntry e)
+            {
+                var idx = IndexOfFirstAtOrAfter(e.Offset);
+                if (idx < Entries.Count) Entries.RemoveRange(idx, Entries.Count - idx);
+                Entries.Add(new LedgerEntry { Offset = e.Offset, Length = e.Length, Hash = e.Hash });
+            }
+
+            /// <summary>Drops everything from <paramref name="offset"/> on and returns it — the entries a rewind must not process twice.</summary>
+            public HashSet<LedgerEntry> TruncateFrom(long offset)
+            {
+                var idx = IndexOfFirstAtOrAfter(offset);
+                var removed = new HashSet<LedgerEntry>();
+                for (var i = idx; i < Entries.Count; i++) removed.Add(Entries[i]);
+                if (idx < Entries.Count) Entries.RemoveRange(idx, Entries.Count - idx);
+                return removed;
+            }
+
+            public void TrimBelow(long floor)
+            {
+                var idx = IndexOfFirstAtOrAfter(floor);
+                if (idx > 0) Entries.RemoveRange(0, idx);
+            }
+
+            public void Clear()
+            {
+                Entries.Clear();
+                LastFragmentOffset = -1;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // Keyed by file name (unique within the log folder). Poll thread only.
+        private readonly Dictionary<string, FileLedger> _ledgers = new Dictionary<string, FileLedger>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+        private DateTime _contentionUntilUtc = DateTime.MinValue;
+
+        // Cumulative, restart-safe like the other health counters.
+        private long _overwriteRewinds;
+        private long _overwriteBytesReprocessed;
+        private long _verifyPasses;
+        private long _verifiedBytes;
+
+        internal static bool IsMultiWriterLogFile(string fileName)
+        {
+            foreach (var f in MultiWriterLogFiles)
+                if (string.Equals(f, fileName, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) return true;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        private FileLedger GetLedger(string fileName)
+        {
+            FileLedger ledger;
+            if (!_ledgers.TryGetValue(fileName, out ledger))
+            {
+                ledger = new FileLedger();
+                _ledgers[fileName] = ledger;
+            }
+            return ledger;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>A stale writer writes exactly when its script ends: every end signal asks both files for a check on the next pass.</summary>
+        private void RequestOverwriteCheck()
+        {
+            foreach (var ledger in _ledgers.Values) ledger.VerifyRequested = true;
+        }
+
+        private void NoteInvocationActivity()
+        {
+            _contentionUntilUtc = UtcNowProvider() + InvocationContentionWindow;
+        }
+
+        private bool InContention(DateTime nowUtc)
+        {
+            if (nowUtc < _contentionUntilUtc || _pendingHealthScript != null) return true;
+            foreach (var script in _pendingPlatformScripts.Values)
+            {
+                if (script.Result != null) continue;
+                if (!script.StartedAtUtc.HasValue || nowUtc - script.StartedAtUtc.Value < MaxPendingScriptContention) return true;
+            }
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Runs before a multi-writer file is read: rollover reset, restart seeding, then the
+        /// overwrite check when one is due. Returns the offset to rewind to, or -1.
+        /// </summary>
+        private async Task<long> PrepareLedgerAsync(string filePath, string fileName, FileLedger ledger, long bookmark, DateTime nowUtc, CancellationToken token)
+        {
+            if (ledger.Entries.Count > 0 && bookmark < ledger.EndOffset)
+            {
+                // The bookmark moved below what was read: the file was replaced (rollover).
+                ledger.Clear();
+                InvalidateInvocationMarkersFrom(fileName, 0);
+            }
+
+            if (!ledger.Seeded)
+            {
+                ledger.Seeded = true;
+                if (ledger.Entries.Count == 0 && bookmark > 0)
+                    await SeedLedgerAsync(filePath, ledger, bookmark, token).ConfigureAwait(false);
+            }
+
+            var due = ledger.VerifyRequested || (InContention(nowUtc) && nowUtc >= ledger.NextCadenceVerifyUtc);
+            if (!due || ledger.Entries.Count == 0) return -1;
+
+            var from = ledger.StartOffset;
+            var bytes = bookmark - from;
+            if (bytes <= 0)
+            {
+                ledger.VerifyRequested = false;
+                return -1;
+            }
+
+            long divergence;
+            using (var stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite))
+                divergence = await FindOverwriteAsync(stream, ledger, from, bookmark, token).ConfigureAwait(false);
+            if (token.IsCancellationRequested) return -1;
+
+            ledger.VerifyRequested = false;
+            var paceSeconds = Math.Max(VerifyMinInterval.TotalSeconds, (double)bytes / VerifyBudgetBytesPerSecond);
+            ledger.NextCadenceVerifyUtc = nowUtc.AddSeconds(paceSeconds);
+            _verifyPasses++;
+            _verifiedBytes += bytes;
+            return divergence;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Re-reads [fromOffset, toOffset) with the read loop's assembler and compares against the
+        /// ledger. Returns the offset of the first entry whose bytes changed — a ledger entry not
+        /// reproduced, or an entry the ledger never had — or -1 when everything reads as before.
+        /// </summary>
+        private async Task<long> FindOverwriteAsync(FileStream stream, FileLedger ledger, long fromOffset, long toOffset, CancellationToken token)
+        {
+            var entries = ledger.Entries;
+            var idx = ledger.IndexOfFirstAtOrAfter(fromOffset);
+            if (idx >= entries.Count) return -1;
+
+            stream.Seek(entries[idx].Offset, SeekOrigin.Begin);
+            var reader = new BoundedLineReader(stream, MaxEntryBytes, hashLines: true);
+            var assembler = new CmTraceEntryAssembler(MaxMultiLineBufferLines, MaxEntryBytes);
+
+            while (reader.Position < toOffset)
+            {
+                var line = await reader.ReadLineAsync(CancellationToken.None).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                if (line == null) break;
+                if (token.IsCancellationRequested) return -1;
+
+                AssembledEntry e;
+                if (assembler.Feed(line, reader.LastLineStart, reader.Position, reader.LastLineTruncated, reader.LastLineHash, out e)
+                    != CmTraceEntryAssembler.Outcome.Entry)
+                    continue;
+                if (e.Offset >= toOffset) break;
+
+                if (idx < entries.Count && entries[idx].Offset < e.Offset) return entries[idx].Offset;
+                if (idx < entries.Count && entries[idx].Offset == e.Offset)
+                {
+                    if (entries[idx].Hash != e.Hash) return e.Offset;
+                    idx++;
+                    continue;
+                }
+                return e.Offset; // an entry the ledger never had: the bytes changed here
+            }
+
+            return idx < entries.Count && entries[idx].Offset < toOffset ? entries[idx].Offset : -1;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>After a restart the ledger is empty: fingerprint the entries just behind the persisted bookmark without processing them.</summary>
+        private async Task SeedLedgerAsync(string filePath, FileLedger ledger, long bookmark, CancellationToken token)
+        {
+            var from = Math.Max(0, bookmark - RestartSeedBytes);
+            using (var stream = new FileStream(filePath, FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read, FileShare.ReadWrite))
+            {
+                stream.Seek(from, SeekOrigin.Begin);
+                var reader = new BoundedLineReader(stream, MaxEntryBytes, hashLines: true);
+                var assembler = new CmTraceEntryAssembler(MaxMultiLineBufferLines, MaxEntryBytes);
+                var aligned = from == 0;
+                while (reader.Position < bookmark)
+                {
+                    var line = await reader.ReadLineAsync(CancellationToken.None).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                    if (line == null || token.IsCancellationRequested) break;
+                    if (!aligned)
+                    {
+                        // The seek may have landed mid-entry: wait for an entry boundary.
+                        if (!line.StartsWith(LogOpenTag)) continue;
+                        aligned = true;
+                    }
+                    AssembledEntry e;
+                    if (assembler.Feed(line, reader.LastLineStart, reader.Position, reader.LastLineTruncated, reader.LastLineHash, out e)
+                            == CmTraceEntryAssembler.Outcome.Entry
+                        && e.Offset + e.Length <= bookmark)
+                        ledger.Record(e);
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>Moves the bookmark back to the first changed entry; returns the entries to skip if they still read unchanged behind it.</summary>
+        private HashSet<LedgerEntry> ApplyRewind(string filePath, string fileName, FileLedger ledger, long rewindTo, long bookmark)
+        {
+            var removed = ledger.TruncateFrom(rewindTo);
+            _positionTracker.SetPosition(filePath, rewindTo);
+            _heldTails.Remove(filePath);
+            InvalidateInvocationMarkersFrom(fileName, rewindTo);
+            _overwriteRewinds++;
+            _overwriteBytesReprocessed += bookmark - rewindTo;
+
+            var message = $"ImeLogTracker: {fileName} changed behind the bookmark at offset {rewindTo} " +
+                          $"(a concurrent writer overwrote already-read bytes) — rewinding {bookmark - rewindTo} bytes";
+            if (!ledger.RewindLogged)
+            {
+                ledger.RewindLogged = true;
+                _logger.Info(message);
+            }
+            else
+            {
+                _logger.Debug(message);
+            }
+            return removed;
+        }
+
+        private long RetentionFloor(string fileName, long bookmark)
+        {
+            var floor = bookmark - LedgerRetentionBytes;
+            var oldest = OldestPendingScriptMarkerOffset(fileName);
+            if (oldest >= 0 && oldest < floor) floor = oldest;
+            var hardFloor = bookmark - LedgerMaxBytes;
+            return floor < hardFloor ? hardFloor : floor;
+        }
+
+        // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+        // Invocation markers: who owns the policyId-less executor lines at a file position
+        // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+        //
+        // AgentExecutor.log carries "Powershell exit code is N" / "write output done" without a
+        // policy id. Their owner is decided by FILE POSITION, not by the order lines were read:
+        // an executor writes its end block at its own stream position, i.e. directly after its
+        // own start block in the final bytes, so the nearest preceding invocation marker names
+        // it — and stays right after a rewind re-reads that region. A marker is a platform start
+        // (policy id), some other invocation (detection, remediation, requirement: null) or a
+        // close ("gets invoked" banner, "Agent executor completed").
+
+        private sealed class InvocationMarker
+        {
+            public long Offset;
+            public string PolicyId;
+            public bool IsClose;
+        }
+
+        private readonly Dictionary<string, List<InvocationMarker>> _invocationMarkers =
+            new Dictionary<string, List<InvocationMarker>>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+        private InvocationMarker _lastPlatformMarker;
+        // Files a platform run has opened in (PS-AGENT-SCRIPT-START in AgentExecutor.log,
+        // PS-SCRIPT-GENERATED in IntuneManagementExtension.log). Survives a rollover of the
+        // file's markers: the fallback below is meant for exactly that file.
+        private readonly HashSet<string> _platformMarkerFiles = new HashSet<string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+        private long _testEntryOrdinal;
+
+        private void RecordInvocationMarker(string policyId, bool isClose)
+        {
+            if (_currentEntryOffset < 0) return;
+            var file = _currentSourceFileName ?? TestSourceFileName;
+            List<InvocationMarker> list;
+            if (!_invocationMarkers.TryGetValue(file, out list))
+            {
+                list = new List<InvocationMarker>();
+                _invocationMarkers[file] = list;
+            }
+
+            if (list.Count > 0 && list[list.Count - 1].Offset == _currentEntryOffset)
+            {
+                // Two patterns on one line: the platform start outranks the generic argument line.
+                var last = list[list.Count - 1];
+                if (!isClose && policyId != null)
+                {
+                    last.PolicyId = policyId;
+                    last.IsClose = false;
+                    _lastPlatformMarker = last;
+                    _platformMarkerFiles.Add(file);
+                }
+                return;
+            }
+
+            if (list.Count >= MaxInvocationMarkersPerFile) list.RemoveAt(0);
+            var marker = new InvocationMarker { Offset = _currentEntryOffset, PolicyId = policyId, IsClose = isClose };
+            list.Add(marker);
+            if (!isClose && policyId != null)
+            {
+                _lastPlatformMarker = marker;
+                _platformMarkerFiles.Add(file);
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The pending platform script that owns the entry being processed, or null.
+        /// <paramref name="ownerPolicyId"/> names the owning platform script even when its slot is
+        /// gone (completion already emitted); null when no platform invocation owns the entry.
+        /// </summary>
+        private ScriptExecutionState ResolvePlatformScriptForCurrentEntry(out string ownerPolicyId)
+        {
+            ownerPolicyId = null;
+            var file = _currentSourceFileName ?? TestSourceFileName;
+            InvocationMarker marker = null;
+            List<InvocationMarker> list = null;
+            if (_currentEntryOffset >= 0 && _invocationMarkers.TryGetValue(file, out list))
+            {
+                for (var i = list.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+                {
+                    if (list[i].Offset <= _currentEntryOffset)
+                    {
+                        marker = list[i];
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            // A file without any marker resolves to the platform run in flight only when platform
+            // runs open in that file at all — IntuneManagementExtension.log right after a rollover
+            // cleared its markers, AgentExecutor.log likewise. HealthScripts.log and the app logs
+            // never carry a platform marker: their launch and exit lines belong to health scripts
+            // and detection scripts, never to the platform script that happens to be pending
+            // (session 24dc69d1: the health-script worker's exit line pre-filled a platform slot's
+            // exit code, its launch line the slot's context).
+            if (marker == null && (list == null || list.Count == 0) && _platformMarkerFiles.Contains(file)) marker = _lastPlatformMarker;
+            if (marker == null || marker.IsClose || marker.PolicyId == null) return null;
+
+            ownerPolicyId = marker.PolicyId;
+            ScriptExecutionState state;
+            return _pendingPlatformScripts.TryGetValue(marker.PolicyId, out state) ? state : null;
+        }
+
+        private void InvalidateInvocationMarkersFrom(string fileName, long offset)
+        {
+            List<InvocationMarker> list;
+            if (!_invocationMarkers.TryGetValue(fileName, out list) || list.Count == 0) return;
+            var removedLast = false;
+            for (var i = list.Count - 1; i >= 0 && list[i].Offset >= offset; i--)
+            {
+                if (ReferenceEquals(list[i], _lastPlatformMarker)) removedLast = true;
+                list.RemoveAt(i);
+            }
+            if (removedLast)
+            {
+                _lastPlatformMarker = null;
+                for (var i = list.Count - 1; i >= 0; i--)
+                {
+                    if (!list[i].IsClose && list[i].PolicyId != null)
+                    {
+                        _lastPlatformMarker = list[i];
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        private long OldestPendingScriptMarkerOffset(string fileName)
+        {
+            List<InvocationMarker> list;
+            if (!_invocationMarkers.TryGetValue(fileName, out list)) return -1;
+            long oldest = -1;
+            foreach (var marker in list)
+            {
+                if (marker.IsClose || marker.PolicyId == null || !_pendingPlatformScripts.ContainsKey(marker.PolicyId)) continue;
+                if (oldest < 0 || marker.Offset < oldest) oldest = marker.Offset;
+            }
+            return oldest;
+        }
+
+        // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+        // Test seams
+        // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+        /// <summary>Same effect as an end signal: both multi-writer ledgers are verified on the next pass.</summary>
+        internal void RequestOverwriteCheckForTest() => RequestOverwriteCheck();
+
+        /// <summary>What a rollover of the file does to its invocation markers.</summary>
+        internal void ClearInvocationMarkersForTest(string fileName) => InvalidateInvocationMarkersFrom(fileName, 0);
+
+        internal int LedgerEntryCountForTest(string fileName)
+        {
+            FileLedger ledger;
+            return _ledgers.TryGetValue(fileName, out ledger) ? ledger.Entries.Count : 0;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>Gives a seam-fed message a file position of its own so positional attribution behaves like in a real pass.</summary>
+        internal void NextTestEntry()
+        {
+            if (_currentSourceFileName == null) _currentSourceFileName = TestSourceFileName;
+            _currentEntryOffset = ++_testEntryOrdinal * 4096;
+        }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/Ime/ImeLogTracker.cs

@@ -181,7 +181,6 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
         // arrive across multiple log entries and IME may interleave platform scripts).
         private readonly Dictionary<string, ScriptExecutionState> _pendingPlatformScripts =
             new Dictionary<string, ScriptExecutionState>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
-        private string _lastPlatformScriptPolicyId;
 
         // Health-script (remediation) line-by-line accumulator — single slot because IME
         // executes health scripts SEQUENTIALLY within a session (verified across multiple
@@ -193,14 +192,23 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
         // UI dedupe (dataCompleteness scoring).
         private ScriptExecutionState _pendingHealthScript;
 
+        // Collapses recurring health-script runs; persisted with the file positions.
+        private readonly RecurringScriptGate _recurringScripts = new RecurringScriptGate();
+
+        // Set for the duration of one pattern dispatch: the matched line is older than
+        // HistoricReplayThreshold, so the adapter drops whatever it produces.
+        private bool _currentLineIsHistoricReplay;
+
         // Cycle start timestamps for health (remediation) scripts, keyed by policyId. Captured
         // from the HS-SCRIPT-START line ([HS] ProcessScript) so the consolidated HS-NEW-RESULT
         // emit can surface the cycle's total run duration (start → result) on its phase events —
         // the remediation-script analog of the platform-script StartedAtUtc timing. Kept in a
         // dedicated map (not on _pendingHealthScript) because the early-signal HS-COMPLIANCE
         // handler clears that slot before HS-NEW-RESULT arrives. Consumed + removed on result emit.
-        private readonly Dictionary<string, DateTime> _healthScriptStartTimes =
-            new Dictionary<string, DateTime>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+        // The start line's provenance rides along so the adapter can tell whether start and result
+        // were resolved on the same zone assumption before it subtracts them.
+        private readonly Dictionary<string, (DateTime Utc, CmTraceLineProvenance Provenance)> _healthScriptStartTimes =
+            new Dictionary<string, (DateTime Utc, CmTraceLineProvenance Provenance)>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
 
         // Restart-safe dedup for the adapter's one-shot script_timeout_suspected Warning.
         // Owned by the tracker (not the adapter) solely so it rides the persisted state file —
@@ -223,7 +231,16 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             return true;
         }
 
-        private const int MaxScriptOutputLength = 2048;
+        // Script stdout kept per event. Measured over 1,486 script outputs in the fleet
+        // (2026-08-25..09-08): median 39, p90 644, max 1,501 chars -- the maximum being our own
+        // one-stage bootstrap, and nothing ever hit the previous 2,048 cap. The two-stage
+        // bootstrap then added a ~460-char loader preamble to that maximum and started
+        // truncating the one output an operator actually reads. 8,192 leaves room for the
+        // realistic worst case (download retries plus relax logging, ~2,700) and stays 4x below
+        // the 32K-char Table Storage property limit that bounds the event downstream. Growth
+        // driver is the number of log lines the bootstrap chain writes, so re-measure before
+        // adding a chatty step rather than raising this again.
+        private const int MaxScriptOutputLength = 8192;
         private const int MaxMultiLineBufferLines = 100;
         // Size cap for ONE entry — a single physical line (enforced by BoundedLineReader before
         // the line is materialized) and an assembled multiline entry alike. Any process able to
@@ -328,7 +345,15 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
         private int _unanchoredPatterns;
         private int _filesTailed;
         private long _backlogBytes;
+        // Poll-loop timing (restart-safe maxima on a monotonic clock): the longest pass and the
+        // longest pause between passes — see ImeTrackerHealth.PassMaxMs / PassGapMaxMs.
+        private long _passMaxMs;
+        private long _passGapMaxMs;
+        private long _lastPassEndMs = -1;
         private string _imeAgentVersionSeen;
+
+        /// <summary>Monotonic milliseconds for the poll-loop timing; tests substitute a counter.</summary>
+        internal Func<long> MonotonicMillisProvider { get; set; } = () => Stopwatch.GetTimestamp() * 1000 / Stopwatch.Frequency;
         private bool _trackerDegradedFired;
         private readonly Dictionary<string, int> _patternHits = new Dictionary<string, int>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
 
@@ -358,6 +383,12 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                     FilesTailed = _filesTailed,
                     BacklogBytes = _backlogBytes,
                     ImeAgentVersion = _imeAgentVersionSeen,
+                    OverwriteRewinds = _overwriteRewinds,
+                    OverwriteBytesReprocessed = _overwriteBytesReprocessed,
+                    VerifyPasses = _verifyPasses,
+                    VerifiedBytes = _verifiedBytes,
+                    PassMaxMs = _passMaxMs,
+                    PassGapMaxMs = _passGapMaxMs,
                     PatternHits = new Dictionary<string, int>(_patternHits, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase),
                 };
             }
@@ -476,6 +507,12 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
         /// </summary>
         public Action<ScriptStartedInfo> OnScriptStarted { get; set; }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Fires when the tracker stops, once per health-script policy whose repeated runs were
+        /// counted instead of emitted since the last summary (see <see cref="RecurringScriptGate"/>).
+        /// </summary>
+        public Action<ScriptRecurrenceSummary> OnScriptRecurrenceSummary { get; set; }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Fires on every pattern match with the matched <c>PatternId</c>. Plan §4.x M4.4.4.
         /// Invoked by <c>HandlePatternMatch</c> after <see cref="LastMatchedPatternId"/> is
@@ -942,18 +979,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                 {
                     try
                     {
-                        await CheckLogFilesAsync(token);
-
-                        // Safety net: emit completions for platform scripts whose AgentExecutor
-                        // exit code we already have but whose authoritative IME PS-SCRIPT-RESULT
-                        // line never arrived within the grace period. Runs on this same loop
-                        // thread (no locking) so it observes the buffer right after parsing.
-                        FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(DateTime.UtcNow);
-
-                        // Token-failure grace window: fires only when the failure stayed
-                        // unresolved (no IME-TOKEN-SUCCESS) for the whole window. Runs after
-                        // the drain so a success later in the same batch clears first.
-                        CheckPendingTokenFailure(DateTime.UtcNow);
+                        await RunPollPassAsync(token);
                     }
                     catch (OperationCanceledException) { break; }
                     catch (Exception ex)
@@ -976,12 +1002,16 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                     try { await Task.Delay(_pollingIntervalMs, token); } catch (OperationCanceledException) { break; }
                 }
 
-                // Final pass: force-flush any platform script that completed within the last grace
-                // window before shutdown (exit code known, IME result still pending). Best-effort —
-                // emits only while callbacks are still wired (i.e. the adapter hasn't been disposed).
-                try { FlushStalePlatformScriptResults(DateTime.UtcNow, force: true); }
+                // Final pass: force-flush any platform script still waiting for the other file
+                // (a held IME result, or an exit code whose IME result is still pending).
+                // Best-effort — emits only while callbacks are still wired (i.e. the adapter
+                // hasn't been disposed).
+                try { FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(UtcNowProvider(), force: true); }
                 catch (Exception ex) { _logger.Warning($"ImeLogTracker: shutdown script flush failed: {ex.Message}"); }
 
+                try { FlushRecurringScripts(UtcNowProvider(), shuttingDown: true); }
+                catch (Exception ex) { _logger.Warning($"ImeLogTracker: shutdown recurring-script flush failed: {ex.Message}"); }
+
                 // Final state save on shutdown
                 if (_stateDirty)
                 {
@@ -993,6 +1023,37 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             }, token);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// One poll pass, timed: the file reads, then the platform-script completions that wait
+        /// for the other file (an IME result held for its executor end block, the exit-code
+        /// fallback for a result IME never logged), then the token-failure grace window — all on
+        /// this one loop thread, no locking, so the flushes observe the buffers right after
+        /// parsing. The longest pass and the longest pause since the previous pass ended are the
+        /// session's <see cref="ImeTrackerHealth.PassMaxMs"/> / <see cref="ImeTrackerHealth.PassGapMaxMs"/>.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal async Task RunPollPassAsync(CancellationToken token)
+        {
+            var startMs = MonotonicMillisProvider();
+            if (_lastPassEndMs >= 0 && startMs - _lastPassEndMs > _passGapMaxMs)
+            {
+                _passGapMaxMs = startMs - _lastPassEndMs;
+                _stateDirty = true;
+            }
+
+            await CheckLogFilesAsync(token);
+            FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults(UtcNowProvider());
+            FlushRecurringScripts(UtcNowProvider(), shuttingDown: false);
+            CheckPendingTokenFailure(UtcNowProvider());
+
+            var endMs = MonotonicMillisProvider();
+            if (endMs - startMs > _passMaxMs)
+            {
+                _passMaxMs = endMs - startMs;
+                _stateDirty = true;
+            }
+            _lastPassEndMs = endMs;
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Stops the background polling task
         /// </summary>
@@ -1091,10 +1152,17 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
             // (the in-memory marker set started empty). Old state files have null here —
             // degrades to the pre-fix behavior, no crash.
             _platformScriptResultEmitted.Clear();
-            if (state.PlatformScriptResultEmitted != null)
+            if (state.PlatformScriptResultEmittedAt != null)
             {
+                foreach (var kv in state.PlatformScriptResultEmittedAt)
+                    _platformScriptResultEmitted[kv.Key] = kv.Value;
+            }
+            else if (state.PlatformScriptResultEmitted != null)
+            {
+                // State files from before the marker carried the run's timestamp: the dedup
+                // works as before, the late-start-line guard never fires for these runs.
                 foreach (var id in state.PlatformScriptResultEmitted)
-                    _platformScriptResultEmitted.Add(id);
+                    _platformScriptResultEmitted[id] = DateTime.MinValue;
             }
 
             _pendingPlatformScripts.Clear();
@@ -1114,6 +1182,8 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                     _scriptTimeoutSuspectedPosted.Add(id);
             }
 
+            _recurringScripts.Restore(state.RecurringScripts);
+
             // Health counters + histogram: a restart (or WhiteGlove Part 2) must report the
             // whole session, not only the lines seen since the last start. Null on state files
             // written before these fields existed → counters start at zero.
@@ -1131,6 +1201,12 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                     HealthScriptResultParseFailures = state.Health.HealthScriptResultParseFailures;
                     _imeAgentVersionSeen = state.Health.ImeAgentVersion;
                     _trackerDegradedFired = state.Health.TrackerDegradedFired;
+                    _overwriteRewinds = state.Health.OverwriteRewinds;
+                    _overwriteBytesReprocessed = state.Health.OverwriteBytesReprocessed;
+                    _verifyPasses = state.Health.VerifyPasses;
+                    _verifiedBytes = state.Health.VerifiedBytes;
+                    _passMaxMs = state.Health.PassMaxMs;
+                    _passGapMaxMs = state.Health.PassGapMaxMs;
                 }
                 if (state.PatternHits != null)
                 {
@@ -1181,9 +1257,10 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
 
                 // H1 (delta review 2026-07-02): platform-script dedup markers + pending buffer
                 // must survive restarts — see the LoadState comment for the duplicate scenario.
-                PlatformScriptResultEmitted = _platformScriptResultEmitted.ToList(),
+                PlatformScriptResultEmittedAt = new Dictionary<string, DateTime>(_platformScriptResultEmitted, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase),
                 PendingPlatformScripts = _pendingPlatformScripts.Values.ToList(),
                 ScriptTimeoutSuspectedPosted = _scriptTimeoutSuspectedPosted.ToList(),
+                RecurringScripts = _recurringScripts.ToPersisted(),
             };
 
             lock (_healthLock)
@@ -1200,6 +1277,12 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
                     HealthScriptResultParseFailures = HealthScriptResultParseFailures,
                     ImeAgentVersion = _imeAgentVersionSeen,
                     TrackerDegradedFired = _trackerDegradedFired,
+                    OverwriteRewinds = _overwriteRewinds,
+                    OverwriteBytesReprocessed = _overwriteBytesReprocessed,
+                    VerifyPasses = _verifyPasses,
+                    VerifiedBytes = _verifiedBytes,
+                    PassMaxMs = _passMaxMs,
+                    PassGapMaxMs = _passGapMaxMs,
                 };
                 state.PatternHits = new Dictionary<string, int>(_patternHits, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
             }

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/Ime/ImeTrackerHealth.cs

@@ -46,6 +46,41 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
         /// <summary>IME version as logged by IME itself ("Agent version is: …"), null until seen.</summary>
         public string ImeAgentVersion { get; set; }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Times the bookmark of a multi-writer log (AgentExecutor.log, IntuneManagementExtension.log)
+        /// was moved back because bytes behind it had been overwritten by a concurrent IME
+        /// process. Expected nonzero whenever user-context scripts or detection scripts ran —
+        /// recovered data, not skipped work.
+        /// </summary>
+        public long OverwriteRewinds { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>Bytes re-read by those rewinds (only entries that changed are processed again).</summary>
+        public long OverwriteBytesReprocessed { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>Full ledger verifications run (cadence while scripts are in flight, end signals, fragments).</summary>
+        public long VerifyPasses { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>Bytes re-read for verification, guard-zone checks included — the cost of the overwrite detection.</summary>
+        public long VerifiedBytes { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Longest single poll pass this session (one <c>CheckLogFilesAsync</c> plus the
+        /// flushes), milliseconds on a monotonic clock. A pass spends its time in the file
+        /// reads, the ledger verifications and the regex matching; the fleet baseline is well
+        /// under 100 ms.
+        /// </summary>
+        public long PassMaxMs { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Longest pause between the end of one poll pass and the start of the next this
+        /// session, milliseconds. The loop sleeps 100 ms between passes and saves its state now
+        /// and then; anything far above that is the loop not being scheduled — session c3ecb568
+        /// lost 26 s this way at 100 % VM CPU while the rest of the agent kept running. Late
+        /// reading, not lost data: every event keeps its log line's own timestamp, and a
+        /// result read before its executor end block waits for it.
+        /// </summary>
+        public long PassGapMaxMs { get; set; }
+
         /// <summary>Match count per enabled pattern ID — every enabled pattern is present, zeros included.</summary>
         public IReadOnlyDictionary<string, int> PatternHits { get; set; }
 

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/Ime/ImeTrackerStatePersistence.cs

@@ -142,10 +142,22 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
         // continues its grace window after the restart instead of being silently dropped.
         // ScriptExecutionState is a plain DTO, serialized directly (no mapping layer needed).
         // All three are null on state files from before this fix — LoadState treats null as empty.
+        // Read-only migration input: state files written before the marker carried the run's
+        // source timestamp (agents up to 2.0.1458). Never written any more.
+        [JsonProperty(NullValueHandling = NullValueHandling.Ignore)]
         public List<string> PlatformScriptResultEmitted { get; set; }
+        // Policy id → source timestamp of the emitted run (its result line; the exit line for a
+        // fallback emit): the dedup marker plus the reference that tells a late start line of
+        // that run from the start of the next one.
+        public Dictionary<string, DateTime> PlatformScriptResultEmittedAt { get; set; }
         public List<ScriptExecutionState> PendingPlatformScripts { get; set; }
         public List<string> ScriptTimeoutSuspectedPosted { get; set; }
 
+        // Recurring health-script runs collapsed per policy. Saved in the same write as
+        // FilePositions on purpose: after a hard kill both fall back together, so re-read lines
+        // are counted again instead of twice. Null on older state files → empty.
+        public Dictionary<string, RecurringScriptPolicyState> RecurringScripts { get; set; }
+
         // Cumulative tracker health + per-pattern histogram (ime_pattern_hits / ime_tracker_degraded,
         // 2026-08-30). Restart-safe on purpose: WhiteGlove Part 2 reports the whole session and the
         // one-shot degraded event must not fire twice. Null on older state files → zero.
@@ -165,6 +177,14 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
         public int HealthScriptResultParseFailures { get; set; }
         public string ImeAgentVersion { get; set; }
         public bool TrackerDegradedFired { get; set; }
+        // Overwrite detection counters (null-defaulting on older state files).
+        public long OverwriteRewinds { get; set; }
+        public long OverwriteBytesReprocessed { get; set; }
+        public long VerifyPasses { get; set; }
+        public long VerifiedBytes { get; set; }
+        // Poll-loop timing maxima (null-defaulting on older state files).
+        public long PassMaxMs { get; set; }
+        public long PassGapMaxMs { get; set; }
     }
 
     public class PackageStateData

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/Ime/RecurringScriptGate.cs

@@ -0,0 +1,257 @@
+using System;
+using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Globalization;
+
+namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.Ime
+{
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Collapses recurring health-script (proactive remediation) runs. IME re-runs every assigned
+    /// policy on its own schedule for as long as the device is up; an enrollment that waits for
+    /// its user for days would otherwise report every hourly run of every policy. A policy's
+    /// first run and every run whose result differs from the last reported one are emitted in
+    /// full; runs that repeat the last reported result are only counted and surface once per
+    /// policy as a recurrence summary.
+    /// <para>
+    /// The start signal of an already known policy is held until its result is known, because
+    /// the running indicators (web panel, session coverage) pair a start with a later result of
+    /// the same policy — a start whose result was collapsed would read as "still running".
+    /// </para>
+    /// <para>
+    /// The state is part of the tracker state file and is saved in the same write as the file
+    /// positions: after a hard kill both fall back together, the lines after the last save are
+    /// read again and counted again — nothing is lost and nothing counts twice.
+    /// </para>
+    /// Not thread-safe: called from the tracker's single poll thread only.
+    /// </summary>
+    public sealed class RecurringScriptGate
+    {
+        private readonly Dictionary<string, RecurringScriptPolicyState> _policies =
+            new Dictionary<string, RecurringScriptPolicyState>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+
+        /// <summary>True when any call changed persisted state since the last <see cref="ConsumeDirty"/>.</summary>
+        private bool _dirty;
+
+        public bool ConsumeDirty()
+        {
+            var wasDirty = _dirty;
+            _dirty = false;
+            return wasDirty;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// A start line was read. Returns <c>true</c> when the start signal is emitted right away
+        /// (first run of the policy); <c>false</c> when it is held until the run's result is known.
+        /// </summary>
+        public bool OnStart(string policyId, DateTime startedAtUtc, string policyType, string patternId)
+        {
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(policyId)) return true;
+
+            var isKnown = _policies.TryGetValue(policyId, out var state);
+            if (!isKnown)
+            {
+                state = new RecurringScriptPolicyState();
+                _policies[policyId] = state;
+            }
+
+            CloseHeldRun(state);
+            state.RunsObserved++;
+            _dirty = true;
+
+            if (!isKnown) return true;
+
+            state.HeldStartAtUtc = startedAtUtc;
+            state.HeldStartPolicyType = policyType;
+            state.HeldStartPatternId = patternId;
+            state.HeldRunSawResult = false;
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// A result (one phase event) is about to be emitted. Returns <c>true</c> to emit it; when
+        /// the run's start was held, <paramref name="releasedStart"/> carries the start signal to
+        /// emit first. Returns <c>false</c> when the result repeats the last reported one.
+        /// </summary>
+        public bool OnResult(ScriptExecutionState script, DateTime observedAtUtc, out ScriptStartedInfo releasedStart)
+        {
+            releasedStart = null;
+            if (script == null || string.IsNullOrEmpty(script.PolicyId)) return true;
+
+            if (!_policies.TryGetValue(script.PolicyId, out var state))
+            {
+                state = new RecurringScriptPolicyState();
+                _policies[script.PolicyId] = state;
+            }
+
+            var key = SignatureKey(script);
+            var signature = Signature(script);
+            _dirty = true;
+
+            if (state.Signatures.TryGetValue(key, out var last) && string.Equals(last, signature, StringComparison.Ordinal))
+            {
+                state.CollapsedResults++;
+                if (!state.FirstCollapsedAtUtc.HasValue) state.FirstCollapsedAtUtc = observedAtUtc;
+                state.LastCollapsedAtUtc = observedAtUtc;
+                if (state.HeldStartAtUtc.HasValue) state.HeldRunSawResult = true;
+                return false;
+            }
+
+            state.Signatures[key] = signature;
+            releasedStart = ReleaseHeldStart(script.PolicyId, state);
+            return true;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Start signals that were held for at least <paramref name="minAge"/> without any result:
+        /// the script did not finish, which is exactly what the running indicators are for.
+        /// </summary>
+        public List<ScriptStartedInfo> ReleaseStartsWithoutResult(DateTime nowUtc, TimeSpan minAge)
+        {
+            var released = new List<ScriptStartedInfo>();
+            foreach (var kv in _policies)
+            {
+                var state = kv.Value;
+                if (!state.HeldStartAtUtc.HasValue || state.HeldRunSawResult) continue;
+                if (nowUtc - state.HeldStartAtUtc.Value < minAge) continue;
+                released.Add(ReleaseHeldStart(kv.Key, state));
+                _dirty = true;
+            }
+            return released;
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// One summary per policy whose collapsed-run count grew since the last summary. Marks
+        /// the reported count, so a later stop of the same session only reports new growth.
+        /// </summary>
+        public List<ScriptRecurrenceSummary> TakeSummaries()
+        {
+            var summaries = new List<ScriptRecurrenceSummary>();
+            foreach (var kv in _policies)
+            {
+                var state = kv.Value;
+                var collapsedRuns = state.RunsCollapsed + (state.HeldStartAtUtc.HasValue && state.HeldRunSawResult ? 1 : 0);
+                if (collapsedRuns <= state.RunsCollapsedAtLastSummary) continue;
+
+                summaries.Add(new ScriptRecurrenceSummary
+                {
+                    PolicyId = kv.Key,
+                    RunsObserved = state.RunsObserved,
+                    RunsCollapsed = collapsedRuns,
+                    RunsWithoutResult = state.RunsWithoutResult,
+                    CollapsedResults = state.CollapsedResults,
+                    FirstCollapsedAtUtc = state.FirstCollapsedAtUtc,
+                    LastCollapsedAtUtc = state.LastCollapsedAtUtc,
+                });
+                state.RunsCollapsedAtLastSummary = collapsedRuns;
+                _dirty = true;
+            }
+            return summaries;
+        }
+
+        public Dictionary<string, RecurringScriptPolicyState> ToPersisted() =>
+            new Dictionary<string, RecurringScriptPolicyState>(_policies, StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
+
+        public void Restore(Dictionary<string, RecurringScriptPolicyState> persisted)
+        {
+            _policies.Clear();
+            if (persisted == null) return;
+            foreach (var kv in persisted)
+            {
+                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(kv.Key) || kv.Value == null) continue;
+                if (kv.Value.Signatures == null)
+                    kv.Value.Signatures = new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.Ordinal);
+                _policies[kv.Key] = kv.Value;
+            }
+        }
+
+        // A held run ends when the next start of the policy arrives: all its results repeated the
+        // last report (collapsed), or it never produced one.
+        private static void CloseHeldRun(RecurringScriptPolicyState state)
+        {
+            if (!state.HeldStartAtUtc.HasValue) return;
+            if (state.HeldRunSawResult) state.RunsCollapsed++;
+            else state.RunsWithoutResult++;
+            ClearHeldStart(state);
+        }
+
+        private static ScriptStartedInfo ReleaseHeldStart(string policyId, RecurringScriptPolicyState state)
+        {
+            if (!state.HeldStartAtUtc.HasValue) return null;
+            var info = new ScriptStartedInfo
+            {
+                PolicyId = policyId,
+                ScriptType = "remediation",
+                PolicyType = state.HeldStartPolicyType,
+                SourceTimestampUtc = state.HeldStartAtUtc,
+                PatternId = state.HeldStartPatternId,
+            };
+            ClearHeldStart(state);
+            return info;
+        }
+
+        private static void ClearHeldStart(RecurringScriptPolicyState state)
+        {
+            state.HeldStartAtUtc = null;
+            state.HeldStartPolicyType = null;
+            state.HeldStartPatternId = null;
+            state.HeldRunSawResult = false;
+        }
+
+        // The early compliance signal and the consolidated result of one phase differ in
+        // completeness (only the latter knows RemediationStatus); keyed apart, or the two would
+        // overwrite each other's signature on every run and nothing would ever collapse.
+        private static string SignatureKey(ScriptExecutionState script) =>
+            (script.ScriptPart ?? string.Empty) + "|" + (script.DurationBasis ?? string.Empty);
+
+        private static string Signature(ScriptExecutionState script)
+        {
+            var culture = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture;
+            return string.Join("|",
+                script.ComplianceResult ?? string.Empty,
+                script.ExitCode.HasValue ? script.ExitCode.Value.ToString(culture) : string.Empty,
+                string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(script.Stderr) ? "0" : "1",
+                script.RemediationStatus.HasValue ? script.RemediationStatus.Value.ToString(culture) : string.Empty,
+                script.ErrorCode.HasValue ? script.ErrorCode.Value.ToString(culture) : string.Empty);
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>Persisted per-policy state of <see cref="RecurringScriptGate"/>.</summary>
+    public class RecurringScriptPolicyState
+    {
+        /// <summary>Last reported result per phase and signal kind.</summary>
+        public Dictionary<string, string> Signatures { get; set; } = new Dictionary<string, string>(StringComparer.Ordinal);
+
+        /// <summary>Start lines read for the policy.</summary>
+        public int RunsObserved { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>Runs whose every result repeated the last reported one.</summary>
+        public int RunsCollapsed { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>Runs that were followed by the next start without any result in between.</summary>
+        public int RunsWithoutResult { get; set; }
+
+        /// <summary>Phase events that were not emitted.</summary>
+        public int CollapsedResults { get; set; }
+
+        public DateTime? FirstCollapsedAtUtc { get; set; }
+        public DateTime? LastCollapsedAtUtc { get; set; }
+
+        public DateTime? HeldStartAtUtc { get; set; }
+        public string HeldStartPolicyType { get; set; }
+        public string HeldStartPatternId { get; set; }
+        public bool HeldRunSawResult { get; set; }
+
+        public int RunsCollapsedAtLastSummary { get; set; }
+    }
+
+    /// <summary>What <see cref="RecurringScriptGate"/> collapsed for one policy.</summary>
+    public class ScriptRecurrenceSummary
+    {
+        public string PolicyId { get; set; }
+        public int RunsObserved { get; set; }
+        public int RunsCollapsed { get; set; }
+        public int RunsWithoutResult { get; set; }
+        public int CollapsedResults { get; set; }
+        public DateTime? FirstCollapsedAtUtc { get; set; }
+        public DateTime? LastCollapsedAtUtc { get; set; }
+    }
+}

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/Ime/ScriptExecutionState.cs

@@ -29,6 +29,15 @@ public class ScriptExecutionState
     /// </summary>
     public System.DateTime? StartedAtUtc { get; set; }
 
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Provenance of <see cref="StartedAtUtc"/>: how the start line's offset was obtained. Paired
+    /// with <see cref="ResultProvenance"/> / <see cref="ExitProvenance"/> by the adapter to decide
+    /// whether a run duration is measurable — two lines resolved on different zone assumptions
+    /// differ by whole offset-grid steps, not by run time (session 4377911b: a 10 s script read
+    /// as 3610 s). Null when the start was never observed or on state files from before the field.
+    /// </summary>
+    public CmTraceLineProvenance StartedAtProvenance { get; set; }
+
     /// <summary>"detection", "remediation", or "post-detection" (remediation scripts only).</summary>
     public string ScriptPart { get; set; }
 
@@ -61,11 +70,45 @@ public class ScriptExecutionState
     /// <summary>
     /// UTC timestamp at which the AgentExecutor.log exit-code line for this platform script was
     /// observed. Drives the deadline check in
-    /// <see cref="ImeLogTracker.FlushStalePlatformScriptResults"/> — set only on the platform path
+    /// <see cref="ImeLogTracker.FlushPendingPlatformScriptResults"/> — set only on the platform path
     /// (PS-AGENT exit code); null until an exit code is seen.
     /// </summary>
     public System.DateTime? ExitObservedAtUtc { get; set; }
 
+    /// <summary>Provenance of the exit-code line behind <see cref="ExitObservedAtUtc"/> (the fallback emit's end).</summary>
+    public CmTraceLineProvenance ExitProvenance { get; set; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Source (CMTrace) timestamp of the IME <c>PS-SCRIPT-RESULT</c> line that delivered
+    /// <see cref="Result"/> (platform scripts, <c>ime_policy_result</c> only). The emitted event is
+    /// bound to it — the emit may happen passes later (see <see cref="ResultHeldSinceUtc"/>), when
+    /// the tracker's "last matched" line is an unrelated one. Also the reference a later start line
+    /// of the same policy is compared against: a start older than the emitted result is the late
+    /// start line of that run, not a new run.
+    /// </summary>
+    public System.DateTime? ResultObservedAtUtc { get; set; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Provenance of the line that delivered <see cref="Result"/> — bound here for the same reason
+    /// as <see cref="ResultObservedAtUtc"/>: a held completion is emitted passes later, when the
+    /// tracker's "last matched" provenance describes an unrelated line. For health scripts the
+    /// result line of the phase (HS-COMPLIANCE early signal or HS-NEW-RESULT).
+    /// </summary>
+    public CmTraceLineProvenance ResultProvenance { get; set; }
+
+    /// <summary>Pattern id of the line that delivered <see cref="Result"/> (surfaced as <c>patternId</c> on the event).</summary>
+    public string ResultPatternId { get; set; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Wall-clock time (agent UTC) at which the IME result was seen while the executor end block
+    /// (exit code, stdout, stderr) had not been read yet. The tracker holds the emit until the end
+    /// block arrives — an overwritten block surfaces one pass later through the ledger rewind that
+    /// the result itself triggers, and the AgentExecutor.log read can simply lag behind the IME log
+    /// read — or until <c>ImeLogTracker.PlatformScriptEndBlockGrace</c> elapsed. Null when the
+    /// result was not held.
+    /// </summary>
+    public System.DateTime? ResultHeldSinceUtc { get; set; }
+
     /// <summary>"True" or "False" compliance result (remediation detection / post-detection only).</summary>
     public string ComplianceResult { get; set; }
 
@@ -119,4 +162,14 @@ public class ScriptStartedInfo
 
     /// <summary>Numeric IME PolicyType from the start line (captured as string), e.g. "6" for health scripts.</summary>
     public string PolicyType { get; set; }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Source timestamp of the start line when the signal is emitted later than it was read
+    /// (a held start of a recurring health script, see <see cref="RecurringScriptGate"/>). Null
+    /// for a start emitted while its own line is the tracker's last matched one.
+    /// </summary>
+    public System.DateTime? SourceTimestampUtc { get; set; }
+
+    /// <summary>Pattern id of the start line; set together with <see cref="SourceTimestampUtc"/>.</summary>
+    public string PatternId { get; set; }
 }

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/SystemSignals/EspAndHelloTracker.cs

@@ -44,6 +44,9 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
         private readonly Func<bool> _userEspAppsSettledProbe;
         private readonly Func<System.Collections.Generic.IReadOnlyList<Ime.AppPackageState>> _starvedUserEspAppsProbe;
         private readonly Func<System.Collections.Generic.IReadOnlyList<Ime.AppPackageState>> _packageStatesProbe;
+        // Session 683f1eff: registry failure detail still sitting in an open settle window,
+        // consulted when a Shell-Core failure terminalises first (see OnShellCoreEspFailureDetected).
+        private readonly Func<EspFailureDetectedEventArgs> _pendingEspFailureProbe;
 
         // Session caa6cf50 gate-starvation fix (2026-06-11) — fire-once guard for the
         // user-ESP-apps-settled AccountSetup synthesis (see MaybeSynthesizeAccountSetupComplete).
@@ -174,8 +177,8 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
         /// late "Installing-→-Error" promotion can classify the failure correctly
         /// AND refuse to promote when the failure originated outside the Apps
         /// subcategory (a non-Apps HRESULT does not describe per-app outcome).
-        /// Null when no HRESULT-carrying ESP failure has fired (or all observed
-        /// failures came from ShellCoreTracker, which has no HRESULT surface).
+        /// Null when no registry-derived failure detail has been observed — neither from
+        /// a settle window that expired nor from one a Shell-Core failure inherited.
         /// </summary>
         public Termination.EspTerminalFailureSnapshot LastEspTerminalFailure { get; private set; }
 
@@ -243,7 +246,8 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
             Func<bool> accountSetupActivityProbe = null,
             Func<bool> userEspAppsSettledProbe = null,
             Func<System.Collections.Generic.IReadOnlyList<Ime.AppPackageState>> starvedUserEspAppsProbe = null,
-            Func<System.Collections.Generic.IReadOnlyList<Ime.AppPackageState>> packageStatesProbe = null)
+            Func<System.Collections.Generic.IReadOnlyList<Ime.AppPackageState>> packageStatesProbe = null,
+            Func<EspFailureDetectedEventArgs> pendingEspFailureProbe = null)
         {
             _sessionId = sessionId ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(sessionId));
             _tenantId = tenantId ?? throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(tenantId));
@@ -277,6 +281,10 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
             // provisioning tracker name not-completed apps on an Apps-subcategory failure.
             _packageStatesProbe = packageStatesProbe
                 ?? (() => Array.Empty<Ime.AppPackageState>());
+            // Test seam: defaults to the provisioning tracker's open settle window (null when
+            // none is armed or the tracker is not running, e.g. Device Preparation).
+            _pendingEspFailureProbe = pendingEspFailureProbe
+                ?? (() => _provisioningTracker?.TryGetPendingFailureArgs());
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -658,6 +666,11 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
         internal void TriggerEspExitedForTest(DateTime occurredAtUtc) =>
             OnEspExited(this, new EspExitedEventArgs(occurredAtUtc));
 
+        // Test seam for a Shell-Core 62407 failure — drives the coordinator forwarder including
+        // the pending-settle inheritance, without a real ShellCoreTracker.
+        internal void TriggerShellCoreEspFailureForTest(string failureType) =>
+            OnShellCoreEspFailureDetected(this, failureType);
+
         // Test seam for HelloWizardStarted — same contract as TriggerEspExitedForTest.
         internal void TriggerHelloWizardStartedForTest(DateTime occurredAtUtc) =>
             OnHelloWizardStarted(this, new HelloWizardStartedEventArgs(occurredAtUtc));
@@ -673,33 +686,56 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
         // Forwarder for ShellCoreTracker (event-log-derived ESP failures, e.g. Shell-Core 62407
         // failure descriptions). Source-event timestamp is mirrored so the adapter can stamp the
         // DecisionSignal with the historical instant on backfill. ShellCoreTracker has no HRESULT
-        // surface, so only FailureType is set on the args.
+        // surface; the registry detail is inherited from an open settle window (see below).
         private void OnShellCoreEspFailureDetected(object sender, string failureType)
         {
             LastEventOccurredAtUtc = (sender as ShellCoreTracker)?.LastEventOccurredAtUtc;
             try
             {
-                EspFailureDetected?.Invoke(this, new EspFailureDetectedEventArgs(failureType));
+                EspFailureDetected?.Invoke(this, BuildShellCoreFailureArgs(failureType));
             }
             catch (Exception ex) { _logger.Error($"Error forwarding ShellCore EspFailureDetected for '{failureType}'", ex); }
             finally { LastEventOccurredAtUtc = null; }
         }
 
-        // Forwarder for ProvisioningStatusTracker (registry-derived ESP failures). Args carry the
-        // full failure detail (FailureType, ErrorCode, FailedSubcategory, Category) extracted
-        // from the failed subcategory's statusText. Provisioning has no source-event timestamp
-        // surfaced today, so the adapter falls back to clock.
-        private void OnProvisioningEspFailureDetected(object sender, EspFailureDetectedEventArgs args)
+        // Session 683f1eff: the Shell-Core 62407 failure usually lands INSIDE the provisioning
+        // tracker's 30-s settle window — after the registry named the failed subcategory and its
+        // HRESULT, before the settle timer would have forwarded them. The engine terminalises on
+        // the first EspTerminalFailure and the agent stops seconds later, so whatever this signal
+        // carries is all the terminal event, the backend FailureReason and the termination-time
+        // app classification ever see (a third of all ESP terminal failures took this path). The
+        // pending detail is inherited here; FailureType stays the Shell-Core value because that
+        // is the signal that actually terminalised.
+        private EspFailureDetectedEventArgs BuildShellCoreFailureArgs(string failureType)
+        {
+            EspFailureDetectedEventArgs pending = null;
+            try { pending = _pendingEspFailureProbe(); }
+            catch (Exception ex) { _logger.Warning($"EspAndHelloTracker: pending ESP failure probe threw: {ex.Message}"); }
+
+            if (pending == null)
+                return new EspFailureDetectedEventArgs(failureType);
+
+            RecordTerminalFailureSnapshot(pending);
+            _logger.Info(
+                $"EspAndHelloTracker: Shell-Core failure '{failureType}' inherits the pending provisioning failure detail " +
+                $"(category={pending.Category ?? "n/a"}, failedSubcategory={pending.FailedSubcategory ?? "n/a"}, " +
+                $"errorCode={pending.ErrorCode ?? "n/a"})");
+            return new EspFailureDetectedEventArgs(
+                failureType,
+                errorCode: pending.ErrorCode,
+                failedSubcategory: pending.FailedSubcategory,
+                category: pending.Category,
+                likelyCulpritApps: pending.LikelyCulpritApps);
+        }
+
+        // Session 080edee9 follow-up + Codex review (P2/P3) — snapshot the full failure context
+        // (HRESULT + failedSubcategory + category) so EnrollmentTerminationHandler can read it on
+        // the terminal-failure pathway. Only update when the args carry at least one of the three
+        // fields, so a bare Shell-Core failure cannot wipe out the registry snapshot. Deliberately
+        // NOT gated on ErrorCode alone — a non-Apps subcategory failure without HRESULT is still
+        // useful for downstream "should we promote?" gating.
+        private void RecordTerminalFailureSnapshot(EspFailureDetectedEventArgs args)
         {
-            LastEventOccurredAtUtc = null;
-            // Session 080edee9 follow-up + Codex review (P2/P3) — snapshot the full
-            // failure context (HRESULT + failedSubcategory + category) before
-            // forwarding so EnrollmentTerminationHandler can read it on the terminal-
-            // failure pathway. Only update when the args carry at least one of the
-            // three fields, so a later ShellCore-derived failure (which has none of
-            // them) cannot wipe out the registry snapshot. We deliberately do NOT
-            // gate on ErrorCode alone — a non-Apps subcategory failure without
-            // HRESULT is still useful for downstream "should we promote?" gating.
             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(args?.ErrorCode)
                 || !string.IsNullOrEmpty(args?.FailedSubcategory)
                 || !string.IsNullOrEmpty(args?.Category))
@@ -709,6 +745,16 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
                     failedSubcategory: args.FailedSubcategory,
                     category: args.Category);
             }
+        }
+
+        // Forwarder for ProvisioningStatusTracker (registry-derived ESP failures). Args carry the
+        // full failure detail (FailureType, ErrorCode, FailedSubcategory, Category) extracted
+        // from the failed subcategory's statusText. Provisioning has no source-event timestamp
+        // surfaced today, so the adapter falls back to clock.
+        private void OnProvisioningEspFailureDetected(object sender, EspFailureDetectedEventArgs args)
+        {
+            LastEventOccurredAtUtc = null;
+            RecordTerminalFailureSnapshot(args);
             try
             {
                 EspFailureDetected?.Invoke(this, args);

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/SystemSignals/ImeRegistryAppStateObserver.cs

@@ -24,10 +24,15 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
     /// <item><c>EspTrackingWin32Apps\&lt;userGuid&gt;\&lt;appGuid&gt;_&lt;rev&gt;</c> — which apps IME
     /// registered for ESP tracking and in which phase.</item>
     /// <item><c>SideCarPolicies\StatusServiceReports\&lt;userGuid&gt;\&lt;appId&gt;</c> — the exact
-    /// AppInstallStatusReport the ESP page renders (Status 1000=Installed .. 3000=Failed).</item>
+    /// AppInstallStatusReport the ESP page renders (Status 1000=Installed, 1001=Installing,
+    /// 1003=InstallingPendingReboot, 2000=NotApplicable, 3000=Failed).</item>
+    /// <item><c>Win32Apps\OperationalState\&lt;userGuid&gt;\&lt;appGuid&gt;</c> (bare GUIDs) — IME's
+    /// per-app operational state: the install deadline a downloaded app is waiting for
+    /// (<c>ExecutionDeadlineTime</c>, IME 1.106+) and the app-in-use deferral counters
+    /// (<c>DeferralsUsed</c>, <c>DeferUntilTime</c>, ..., IME 1.105+).</item>
     /// </list>
     /// The observer is snapshot-and-diff driven (RegistryWatcher gives key-scope edges only,
-    /// coalesced — a per-write parse is impossible by design): every tick re-reads the three
+    /// coalesced — a per-write parse is impossible by design): every tick re-reads the four
     /// surfaces and emits <c>registry_app_state</c> on real field changes. Pre-existing state at
     /// agent start is the silent baseline — Win32Apps keys survive re-enrollments, so replaying
     /// them as fresh events would be the registry twin of the historic-IME-replay bug.
@@ -162,6 +167,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
             ReadWin32Apps(root, snapshot);
             ReadEspTracking(root, snapshot);
             ReadStatusServiceReports(root, snapshot);
+            ReadOperationalState(root, snapshot);
             return snapshot;
         }
 
@@ -250,6 +256,42 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
             }
         }
 
+        // Only the two wait states are read; the download/execution bookkeeping next to them
+        // (DownloadStatus, DownloadStartTime, ExecutionStatus, ...) duplicates the log narrative
+        // and would double the event volume without adding a state the timeline lacks.
+        private static void ReadOperationalState(RegistryKey root, ImeRegistrySnapshot snapshot)
+        {
+            using var operational = root.OpenSubKey(@"Win32Apps\OperationalState");
+            if (operational == null) return;
+
+            foreach (var userName in operational.GetSubKeyNames())
+            {
+                if (!LooksLikeGuid(userName)) continue;
+                using var userKey = operational.OpenSubKey(userName);
+                if (userKey == null) continue;
+
+                foreach (var appKeyName in userKey.GetSubKeyNames())
+                {
+                    var appId = ExtractAppId(appKeyName);
+                    if (appId == null) continue;
+
+                    using var appKey = userKey.OpenSubKey(appKeyName);
+                    if (appKey == null) continue;
+
+                    var deadline = TryParseRegistryDateTime(appKey.GetValue("ExecutionDeadlineTime"));
+                    var deferralsUsed = TryReadInt(appKey.GetValue("DeferralsUsed"));
+                    if (deadline == null && deferralsUsed == null) continue; // no wait state — no entry of its own
+
+                    var entry = snapshot.GetOrAdd(userName, appId);
+                    entry.InstallDeadlineUtc = deadline;
+                    entry.DeferralsUsed = deferralsUsed;
+                    entry.DeferralMaxDeferrals = TryReadInt(appKey.GetValue("DeferralMaxDeferrals"));
+                    entry.DeferUntilUtc = TryParseRegistryDateTime(appKey.GetValue("DeferUntilTime"));
+                    entry.DeferralAutoDeferred = TryReadBool(appKey.GetValue("DeferralAutoDeferred"));
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
         // ── pure helpers (unit-tested directly) ─────────────────────────────────
 
         internal static bool LooksLikeGuid(string name) =>
@@ -301,6 +343,23 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
             }
         }
 
+        internal static bool? TryReadBool(object? value) =>
+            value is string s && bool.TryParse(s, out var parsed) ? parsed : (bool?)null;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// OperationalState timestamps are UTC but stored in two InvariantCulture shapes:
+        /// <c>ExecutionDeadlineTime</c> as <c>MM/dd/yyyy HH:mm:ss</c> without a kind marker,
+        /// <c>DeferUntilTime</c> round-trip ("o", trailing Z). Both come back as UTC here.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static DateTime? TryParseRegistryDateTime(object? value)
+        {
+            if (!(value is string s) || string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(s)) return null;
+            return DateTime.TryParse(s, CultureInfo.InvariantCulture,
+                DateTimeStyles.AssumeUniversal | DateTimeStyles.AdjustToUniversal, out var parsed)
+                ? parsed
+                : (DateTime?)null;
+        }
+
         /// <summary>StateMessageEnforcementState bands (verified against decompiled IME 1.97/1.104).</summary>
         internal static string ClassifyEnforcementState(int state)
         {
@@ -312,15 +371,59 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
             return "unknown";
         }
 
-        /// <summary>AppInstallStatus (StatusService/ESP page): 1000er = installed, 3000 = failed.</summary>
+        /// <summary>
+        /// AppInstallStatus as IME writes it to StatusServiceReports (unchanged IME 1.50 .. 1.106):
+        /// 1000 Installed, 1001 Installing, 1002 InstalledButDependenciesNotPresent,
+        /// 1003 InstallingPendingReboot, 1004 InstalledPendingReboot, 2000 NotApplicable, 3000 Failed.
+        /// The 1000 band is NOT uniformly terminal — IME maps every InProgress enforcement state to
+        /// 1001 — so the mapping is explicit and an unknown value is not judged.
+        /// </summary>
         internal static string? ClassifyStatusServiceStatus(int status)
         {
-            if (status >= 1000 && status < 2000) return "installed";
-            if (status == 3000) return "failed";
+            switch (status)
+            {
+                case 1000:
+                case 1002:
+                case 1004:
+                    return "installed";
+                case 1001:
+                case 1003:
+                    return "installing";
+                case 3000:
+                    return "failed";
+            }
             if (status >= 2000 && status < 3000) return "notApplicable";
             return null;
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Human-readable suffix for the two IME wait states (install deadline, app-in-use
+        /// deferral); empty when neither applies. Culture-invariant on purpose — the agent runs
+        /// under whatever culture the SYSTEM account carries.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static string DescribeWaitState(AppRegistryEntry entry)
+        {
+            var parts = new List<string>(2);
+            if (entry.InstallDeadlineUtc is DateTime deadline)
+                parts.Add("downloaded, install deadline " + FormatUtcMinute(deadline));
+
+            if (entry.DeferralsUsed is int used && used > 0)
+            {
+                var kind = entry.DeferralAutoDeferred == true ? "auto-deferred" : "deferred by user";
+                var count = entry.DeferralMaxDeferrals is int max
+                    ? used.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture) + "/" + max.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)
+                    : used.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+                parts.Add(entry.DeferUntilUtc is DateTime until
+                    ? kind + " " + count + " until " + FormatUtcMinute(until)
+                    : kind + " " + count);
+            }
+
+            return parts.Count == 0 ? string.Empty : ", " + string.Join(", ", parts);
+        }
+
+        private static string FormatUtcMinute(DateTime utc) =>
+            utc.ToString("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture) + " UTC";
+
         internal static List<AppRegistryChange> DiffSnapshots(ImeRegistrySnapshot previous, ImeRegistrySnapshot next)
         {
             var changes = new List<AppRegistryChange>();
@@ -343,6 +446,11 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
             if (prev?.StatusServiceStatus != next.StatusServiceStatus) changed.Add("statusServiceStatus");
             if ((prev?.EspTracked ?? false) != next.EspTracked) changed.Add("espTracked");
             if (!string.Equals(prev?.EspPhase, next.EspPhase, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)) changed.Add("espPhase");
+            // Wait states: the deadline and each recorded deferral are transitions worth an event;
+            // MaxDeferrals / AutoDeferred only travel along as data.
+            if (prev?.InstallDeadlineUtc != next.InstallDeadlineUtc) changed.Add("installDeadline");
+            if (prev?.DeferralsUsed != next.DeferralsUsed) changed.Add("deferralsUsed");
+            if (prev?.DeferUntilUtc != next.DeferUntilUtc) changed.Add("deferUntil");
             return changed;
         }
 
@@ -445,6 +553,11 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
             }
             if (e.EspTracked) data["espTracked"] = "true";
             if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(e.EspPhase)) data["espPhase"] = e.EspPhase!;
+            if (e.InstallDeadlineUtc is DateTime deadline) data["installDeadlineUtc"] = deadline.ToString("o", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+            if (e.DeferralsUsed is int used) data["deferralsUsed"] = used.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+            if (e.DeferralMaxDeferrals is int max) data["deferralMaxDeferrals"] = max.ToString(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+            if (e.DeferUntilUtc is DateTime until) data["deferUntilUtc"] = until.ToString("o", CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
+            if (e.DeferralAutoDeferred is bool auto) data["deferralAutoDeferred"] = auto ? "true" : "false";
 
             var summary = data.TryGetValue("enforcementClass", out var encls) ? encls
                         : data.TryGetValue("statusServiceClass", out var sscls) ? sscls
@@ -453,7 +566,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
             _post.Emit(
                 eventType: SharedEventTypes.RegistryAppState,
                 source: SourceLabel,
-                message: $"Registry app state: {e.AppId} ({(e.UserContext == ImeRegistrySnapshot.DeviceContext ? "device" : "user")}) -> {summary}",
+                message: $"Registry app state: {e.AppId} ({(e.UserContext == ImeRegistrySnapshot.DeviceContext ? "device" : "user")}) -> {summary}{DescribeWaitState(e)}",
                 severity: EventSeverity.Info,
                 data: data,
                 occurredAtUtc: nowUtc);
@@ -625,6 +738,13 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
         public int? StatusServiceStatus { get; set; }
         public bool EspTracked { get; set; }
         public string? EspPhase { get; set; }
+
+        // Win32Apps\OperationalState — the two IME wait states (all UTC).
+        public DateTime? InstallDeadlineUtc { get; set; }
+        public int? DeferralsUsed { get; set; }
+        public int? DeferralMaxDeferrals { get; set; }
+        public DateTime? DeferUntilUtc { get; set; }
+        public bool? DeferralAutoDeferred { get; set; }
     }
 
     internal sealed class AppRegistryChange

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Enrollment/SystemSignals/ProvisioningStatusTracker.cs

@@ -80,6 +80,14 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
             "AccountSetupCategory.Status"
         };
 
+        // Order in which TryGetPendingFailureArgs resolves concurrently armed settle windows.
+        private static readonly string[] PendingFailurePreference =
+        {
+            "DeviceSetupCategory.Status",
+            "AccountSetupCategory.Status",
+            "DevicePreparationCategory.Status"
+        };
+
         private readonly AgentLogger _logger;
         private readonly string _sessionId;
         private readonly string _tenantId;
@@ -1711,6 +1719,29 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Enrollment.SystemSignals
         internal void TriggerSettleTimerForTest(string categoryName)
             => OnProvisioningFailureSettleExpired(categoryName);
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The registry-derived failure detail of a settle window that is still open (armed,
+        /// not yet expired or retracted) — null when none is pending. Read by the coordinator
+        /// when a Shell-Core 62407 failure arrives inside the window, so the terminal signal
+        /// inherits HRESULT / failed subcategory / category instead of racing them away
+        /// (session 683f1eff). Windows fail one category at a time, but should two be armed
+        /// the device-phase category wins: it is the one the ESP page reports.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal EspFailureDetectedEventArgs TryGetPendingFailureArgs()
+        {
+            lock (_stateLock)
+            {
+                if (_provisioningFailureSettleArgs == null || _provisioningFailureSettleArgs.Count == 0)
+                    return null;
+                foreach (var category in PendingFailurePreference)
+                {
+                    if (_provisioningFailureSettleArgs.TryGetValue(category, out var args) && args != null)
+                        return args;
+                }
+                return null;
+            }
+        }
+
         private bool HasCategorySucceededChanged(string categoryName, bool? newValue)
         {
             if (!_lastCategorySucceeded.TryGetValue(categoryName, out var oldValue))

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Runtime/DiagnosticsPackageService.cs

@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Runtime
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Packaging problems that are not cap skips, per kind: <c>path-guard</c> (configured path
-        /// refused), <c>no-user-session</c> (user-profile token without a signed-in user),
+        /// or hard-blocked event log refused),<c>no-user-session</c> (user-profile token without a signed-in user),
         /// <c>folder-rejected</c>, <c>enumerate</c>, <c>open</c>, <c>copy</c>.
         /// </summary>
         public IReadOnlyDictionary<string, int> ProblemsByKind { get; set; } = Empty;
@@ -145,6 +145,10 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Runtime
         // exact point production is exposed. Null in production.
         internal Action<string> BeforeSourceFileOpen { get; set; }
 
+        // Test seam: which channel writes to an .evtx file. Production asks the registered
+        // channels; a test cannot register one.
+        internal Func<string, string> EventLogChannelResolver { get; set; } = ResolveChannelForEvtxFile;
+
         // Tracks per-build inclusion totals + skip reasons. Threaded through every
         // AddLogFiles call so caps are global across all sections, not per section.
         private sealed class BudgetTracker
@@ -462,17 +466,12 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Runtime
                     // 3. Configured additional log paths (global + tenant, validated by guards)
                     foreach (var entry in _configuration.DiagnosticsLogPaths ?? new System.Collections.Generic.List<Shared.Models.DiagnosticsLogPath>())
                     {
-                        // Resolve %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% token and get profile path for guard exception
+                        // The profile path only lifts the C:\Users block for entries that use the token.
                         var userProfilePath = UserProfileResolver.ContainsUserProfileToken(entry.Path)
                             ? UserProfileResolver.GetLoggedOnUserProfilePath() : null;
 
-                        if (!DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsDiagnosticsPathAllowed(entry.Path, _configuration.UnrestrictedMode, userProfilePath))
-                        {
-                            _logger.Warning($"Diagnostics path blocked by guard: {entry.Path}");
-                            ManifestLine($"BLOCKED (path guard): {entry.Path}");
-                            tracker.RecordProblem("path-guard");
-                            continue;
-                        }
+                        // Expand BEFORE the guard: the guard must judge the path that is read,
+                        // and an unresolved token is not a path it can judge.
                         var expandedPath = UserProfileResolver.ExpandCustomTokens(entry.Path);
                         if (expandedPath == null)
                         {
@@ -481,13 +480,23 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Runtime
                             tracker.RecordProblem("no-user-session");
                             continue;
                         }
-                        var folder = Path.GetDirectoryName(expandedPath);
-                        var pattern = Path.GetFileName(expandedPath);
-                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(folder)) continue;
-                        if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(pattern) || !pattern.Contains(".")) pattern = "*";
-                        var zipFolder = $"AdditionalLogs/{Path.GetFileName(folder)}";
-                        ManifestLine($"CONFIGURED PATH: '{entry.Path}' -> folder='{folder}' pattern='{pattern}'");
-                        AddLogFiles(archive, folder, zipFolder, pattern, tracker, entry.IncludeSubfolders);
+
+                        // The guard validates the folder that gets enumerated — never a path
+                        // derived from the validated one afterwards.
+                        if (!DiagnosticsPathGuards.TryResolveCollectionTarget(
+                                expandedPath, entry.IncludeSubfolders, _configuration.UnrestrictedMode, userProfilePath, out var target))
+                        {
+                            _logger.Warning($"Diagnostics path blocked by guard: {entry.Path}");
+                            ManifestLine($"BLOCKED (path guard): {entry.Path}");
+                            tracker.RecordProblem("path-guard");
+                            continue;
+                        }
+
+                        var unrestrictedMode = _configuration.UnrestrictedMode;
+                        var zipFolder = $"AdditionalLogs/{Path.GetFileName(target.Folder)}";
+                        ManifestLine($"CONFIGURED PATH: '{entry.Path}' -> folder='{target.Folder}' pattern='{target.Pattern}' recursive={target.Recurse}");
+                        AddLogFiles(archive, target.Folder, zipFolder, target.Pattern, tracker, target.Recurse,
+                            dir => DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsDirectoryEnterable(dir, unrestrictedMode, userProfilePath));
                     }
 
                     // Packaging manifest — always written, even when empty of problems, so its
@@ -617,14 +626,18 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Runtime
         // Recursive enumeration that skips reparse-point directories. Materializes the
         // result into a list so the caller can iterate without holding a directory handle.
         // Errors during enumeration are swallowed (logged via _logger by the caller).
-        private static List<string> EnumerateFilesNoReparseDirs(string folder, string pattern, bool recurse)
+        // mayEnterDirectory (configured paths only) is asked for every subdirectory before the
+        // walk descends: a hard-blocked subtree can sit below a folder that passed the guard.
+        internal static List<string> EnumerateFilesNoReparseDirs(string folder, string pattern, bool recurse,
+            Func<string, bool> mayEnterDirectory, List<string> refusedDirectories)
         {
             var result = new List<string>();
-            CollectFilesNoReparseDirs(folder, pattern, recurse, result);
+            CollectFilesNoReparseDirs(folder, pattern, recurse, mayEnterDirectory, refusedDirectories, result);
             return result;
         }
 
-        private static void CollectFilesNoReparseDirs(string folder, string pattern, bool recurse, List<string> result)
+        private static void CollectFilesNoReparseDirs(string folder, string pattern, bool recurse,
+            Func<string, bool> mayEnterDirectory, List<string> refusedDirectories, List<string> result)
         {
             string[] files;
             try { files = Directory.GetFiles(folder, pattern, SearchOption.TopDirectoryOnly); }
@@ -643,12 +656,17 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Runtime
                 try { attrs = File.GetAttributes(sub); }
                 catch { continue; }
                 if (IsReparsePoint(attrs)) continue;
-                CollectFilesNoReparseDirs(sub, pattern, recurse: true, result);
+                if (mayEnterDirectory != null && !mayEnterDirectory(sub))
+                {
+                    refusedDirectories.Add(sub);
+                    continue;
+                }
+                CollectFilesNoReparseDirs(sub, pattern, recurse: true, mayEnterDirectory, refusedDirectories, result);
             }
         }
 
         private void AddLogFiles(ZipArchive archive, string sourceFolder, string zipFolder, string searchPattern,
-            BudgetTracker tracker, bool includeSubfolders = false)
+            BudgetTracker tracker, bool includeSubfolders = false, Func<string, bool> mayEnterDirectory = null)
         {
             // The folder stays pinned (open handle) for this whole section. The path guards and
             // the enumeration below only ever judge path strings; every byte that reaches the
@@ -673,9 +691,11 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Runtime
                 }
 
                 List<string> files;
+                var refusedDirectories = new List<string>();
                 try
                 {
-                    files = EnumerateFilesNoReparseDirs(pinned.LexicalPath, searchPattern, includeSubfolders);
+                    files = EnumerateFilesNoReparseDirs(pinned.LexicalPath, searchPattern, includeSubfolders,
+                        mayEnterDirectory, refusedDirectories);
                 }
                 catch (Exception ex)
                 {
@@ -685,6 +705,13 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Runtime
                     return;
                 }
 
+                // Expected outcome, not a packaging problem: the subtree is off limits by design.
+                foreach (var refused in refusedDirectories)
+                {
+                    _logger.Info($"Diagnostics subfolder skipped by guard: {refused}");
+                    ManifestLine($"SKIPPED DIR (path guard): {refused}");
+                }
+
                 if (files.Count == 0)
                     ManifestLine($"NO MATCH: {sourceFolder} pattern '{searchPattern}'");
 
@@ -704,7 +731,22 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Runtime
                 // the tenant-configured BootstrapperAgent channel never made it into the ZIP.
                 if (file.EndsWith(".evtx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
                 {
-                    tempExport = TryExportEventLogChannel(file);
+                    // Hard-blocked channels are refused for every source and in every mode,
+                    // by file name AND by the channel the export would read: the path guard
+                    // cannot judge what a wildcard or folder entry resolves to, and the %4
+                    // fallback of the resolver turns a "Security.evtx" in any allowed folder
+                    // into the live Security channel.
+                    var channel = EventLogChannelResolver(file);
+                    if (DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsHardBlockedEventLogFile(file) ||
+                        GatherRuleGuards.IsHardBlockedEventLogChannel(channel))
+                    {
+                        _logger.Warning($"Event log blocked by channel guard (channel '{channel}'): {file}");
+                        ManifestLine($"BLOCKED (event-log channel guard, channel '{channel}'): {file}");
+                        tracker.RecordProblem("path-guard");
+                        return;
+                    }
+
+                    tempExport = TryExportEventLogChannel(file, channel);
                     if (tempExport == null)
                     {
                         // Export failed (channel not resolvable / wevtutil error) — fall through
@@ -850,16 +892,16 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Runtime
         /// <summary>
         /// Exports the event-log channel behind a winevt .evtx file to a temp copy via
         /// <c>wevtutil epl</c> (active channels hold their file exclusively locked, so a raw
-        /// copy fails). Channel resolution happens against the registered channels — see
-        /// <see cref="ResolveChannelForEvtxFile"/>. Returns the temp file path (caller deletes)
-        /// or null when the export failed.
+        /// copy fails). The caller resolved <paramref name="channel"/> against the registered
+        /// channels — see <see cref="ResolveChannelForEvtxFile"/> — and checked it against the
+        /// hard-blocked channels. Returns the temp file path (caller deletes) or null when the
+        /// export failed.
         /// </summary>
-        private string TryExportEventLogChannel(string evtxPath)
+        private string TryExportEventLogChannel(string evtxPath, string channel)
         {
             string tempPath = null;
             try
             {
-                var channel = ResolveChannelForEvtxFile(evtxPath);
                 tempPath = Path.Combine(Path.GetTempPath(), $"am-evtx-{Guid.NewGuid():N}.evtx");
                 var psi = new System.Diagnostics.ProcessStartInfo
                 {

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Telemetry/Gather/Collectors/LogParserCollector.cs

@@ -278,6 +278,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather.Collectors
                                 data["logFile"] = Path.GetFileName(filePath);
                                 data["ruleId"] = rule.RuleId;
                                 data["ruleTitle"] = rule.Title;
+                                GatherRuleExecutor.StampRuleMarkers(rule, data);
 
                                 var eventType = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(rule.OutputEventType)
                                     ? rule.OutputEventType
@@ -347,6 +348,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather.Collectors
                                 data["logFile"] = Path.GetFileName(filePath);
                                 data["ruleId"] = rule.RuleId;
                                 data["ruleTitle"] = rule.Title;
+                                GatherRuleExecutor.StampRuleMarkers(rule, data);
 
                                 var eventType = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(rule.OutputEventType)
                                     ? rule.OutputEventType

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Telemetry/Gather/DiagnosticsPathGuards.cs

@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
 using System.IO;
 using System.Linq;
+using System.Text.RegularExpressions;
 
 namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
 {
@@ -70,12 +71,8 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
             @"C:\Windows\System32\config",  // SAM, SECURITY, SYSTEM hives
         };
 
-        // Allowed subdirectories under a user profile (used with %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% token)
-        private static readonly string[] AllowedUserProfileSubdirs = new[]
-        {
-            @"AppData\Local",
-            @"AppData\Roaming",
-        };
+        // The allowed user-profile subdirectories and the vendor allowlist under them live in
+        // GatherRuleGuards, which owns the embedded guardrails.json — one copy for both guards.
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Returns true if the given path is allowed for diagnostics collection.
@@ -128,48 +125,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
                 if (IsSymlinkOrReparsePoint(normalizedDir))
                     return false;
 
-                // C:\Users block always applies (even in unrestricted mode)
-                // Exception: paths under <userProfilePath>\AppData\Local or AppData\Roaming
-                // are allowed when the %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% token was used.
-                if (normalizedDir.StartsWith(BlockedUsersPrefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
-                    (normalizedDir.Length == BlockedUsersPrefix.Length ||
-                     normalizedDir[BlockedUsersPrefix.Length] == Path.DirectorySeparatorChar))
-                {
-                    if (!IsUserProfileSubpathAllowed(normalizedDir, userProfilePath))
-                        return false;
-                }
-
-                // Additional hard-blocked paths (even in unrestricted mode)
-                foreach (var blocked in AdditionalHardBlockedPrefixes)
-                {
-                    var normalizedBlocked = Path.GetFullPath(blocked);
-                    if (normalizedDir.StartsWith(normalizedBlocked, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
-                        (normalizedDir.Length == normalizedBlocked.Length ||
-                         normalizedDir[normalizedBlocked.Length] == Path.DirectorySeparatorChar))
-                    {
-                        return false;
-                    }
-                }
-
-                // In unrestricted mode, everything except hard-blocked paths is allowed
-                if (unrestrictedMode)
-                    return true;
-
-                foreach (var prefix in AllowedDiagnosticsPathPrefixes)
-                {
-                    var normalizedPrefix = Path.GetFullPath(prefix);
-                    if (normalizedDir.StartsWith(normalizedPrefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
-                    {
-                        // Segment-bounded: next char must be '\' or end-of-string
-                        if (normalizedDir.Length == normalizedPrefix.Length ||
-                            normalizedDir[normalizedPrefix.Length] == Path.DirectorySeparatorChar)
-                        {
-                            return true;
-                        }
-                    }
-                }
-
-                return false;
+                return IsNormalizedPathAllowed(normalizedDir, unrestrictedMode, userProfilePath);
             }
             catch
             {
@@ -179,35 +135,210 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
         }
 
         /// <summary>
-        /// Returns true if the normalized path falls under one of the allowed subdirectories
-        /// of the detected user profile (AppData\Local, AppData\Roaming).
-        /// Only applies when %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% was used to resolve the path.
+        /// What the package actually reads for one configured entry: every file matching
+        /// <see cref="Pattern"/> in <see cref="Folder"/>, optionally below it.
         /// </summary>
-        internal static bool IsUserProfileSubpathAllowed(string normalizedPath, string userProfilePath)
+        public sealed class CollectionTarget
         {
-            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(userProfilePath))
+            public CollectionTarget(string folder, string pattern, bool recurse)
+            {
+                Folder = folder;
+                Pattern = pattern;
+                Recurse = recurse;
+            }
+
+            /// <summary>Full path without a trailing separator (drive roots keep theirs).</summary>
+            public string Folder { get; }
+            public string Pattern { get; }
+            public bool Recurse { get; }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Resolves a configured entry to the folder and pattern that get enumerated, and
+        /// validates exactly that. Returns false when the guard refuses the entry.
+        ///
+        /// <paramref name="expandedPath"/> must already have the %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% token
+        /// resolved: validating the raw token would judge a different path than the one read.
+        ///
+        /// A wildcard in the last segment selects files in its parent folder. A trailing
+        /// separator or an existing directory selects every file in that folder. Anything else
+        /// names one file — validated as that file and never recursed, because its parent
+        /// folder has not passed the guard. The filesystem decides folder-vs-file, never the
+        /// spelling of the last segment.
+        /// </summary>
+        public static bool TryResolveCollectionTarget(
+            string expandedPath,
+            bool includeSubfolders,
+            bool unrestrictedMode,
+            string userProfilePath,
+            out CollectionTarget target)
+            => TryResolveCollectionTarget(
+                expandedPath, includeSubfolders, unrestrictedMode, userProfilePath, Directory.Exists, out target);
+
+        internal static bool TryResolveCollectionTarget(
+            string expandedPath,
+            bool includeSubfolders,
+            bool unrestrictedMode,
+            string userProfilePath,
+            Func<string, bool> directoryExists,
+            out CollectionTarget target)
+        {
+            target = null;
+            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(expandedPath))
                 return false;
 
             try
             {
-                var normalizedProfile = Path.GetFullPath(userProfilePath);
-                foreach (var subdir in AllowedUserProfileSubdirs)
+                var expanded = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(expandedPath.Trim());
+                var lastSegment = Path.GetFileName(expanded);
+
+                if (lastSegment.Contains('*') || lastSegment.Contains('?'))
                 {
-                    var allowedPrefix = Path.GetFullPath(Path.Combine(normalizedProfile, subdir));
-                    if (normalizedPath.StartsWith(allowedPrefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
-                        (normalizedPath.Length == allowedPrefix.Length ||
-                         normalizedPath[allowedPrefix.Length] == Path.DirectorySeparatorChar))
+                    var parent = Path.GetDirectoryName(expanded);
+                    if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(parent))
+                        return false;
+                    var folder = TrimTrailingSeparators(Path.GetFullPath(parent));
+                    if (!IsDiagnosticsPathAllowed(folder, unrestrictedMode, userProfilePath))
+                        return false;
+                    target = new CollectionTarget(folder, lastSegment, includeSubfolders);
+                    return true;
+                }
+
+                var full = TrimTrailingSeparators(Path.GetFullPath(expanded));
+                if (!IsDiagnosticsPathAllowed(full, unrestrictedMode, userProfilePath))
+                    return false;
+
+                if (lastSegment.Length == 0 || directoryExists(full))
+                {
+                    target = new CollectionTarget(full, "*", includeSubfolders);
+                    return true;
+                }
+
+                var fileFolder = Path.GetDirectoryName(full);
+                if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(fileFolder))
+                    return false;
+                target = new CollectionTarget(fileFolder, Path.GetFileName(full), recurse: false);
+                return true;
+            }
+            catch
+            {
+                target = null;
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Guard for every subdirectory a recursive collection is about to enter. The start
+        /// folder passed <see cref="IsDiagnosticsPathAllowed(string, bool, string)"/>, but a
+        /// hard-blocked subtree can sit below an allowed folder (unrestricted mode, drive
+        /// root). Lexical only: reparse points are skipped by the enumeration and refused
+        /// again on the handle that is read.
+        /// </summary>
+        public static bool IsDirectoryEnterable(string directory, bool unrestrictedMode, string userProfilePath)
+        {
+            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(directory))
+                return false;
+
+            try
+            {
+                return IsNormalizedPathAllowed(Path.GetFullPath(directory), unrestrictedMode, userProfilePath);
+            }
+            catch
+            {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
+
+        private static string TrimTrailingSeparators(string fullPath)
+        {
+            var root = Path.GetPathRoot(fullPath);
+            var trimmed = fullPath.TrimEnd(Path.DirectorySeparatorChar, Path.AltDirectorySeparatorChar);
+            return root != null && trimmed.Length < root.Length ? root : trimmed;
+        }
+
+        // Hard blocks, then (restricted mode) the allowlists — on an already normalized path.
+        private static bool IsNormalizedPathAllowed(string normalizedDir, bool unrestrictedMode, string userProfilePath)
+        {
+            // C:\Users block always applies (even in unrestricted mode)
+            // Exception: paths under <userProfilePath>\AppData\Local or AppData\Roaming
+            // are allowed when the %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% token was used.
+            if (normalizedDir.StartsWith(BlockedUsersPrefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
+                (normalizedDir.Length == BlockedUsersPrefix.Length ||
+                 normalizedDir[BlockedUsersPrefix.Length] == Path.DirectorySeparatorChar))
+            {
+                if (!GatherRuleGuards.IsUserProfileSubpathAllowed(normalizedDir, userProfilePath))
+                    return false;
+            }
+
+            // Additional hard-blocked paths (even in unrestricted mode)
+            foreach (var blocked in AdditionalHardBlockedPrefixes)
+            {
+                var normalizedBlocked = Path.GetFullPath(blocked);
+                if (normalizedDir.StartsWith(normalizedBlocked, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
+                    (normalizedDir.Length == normalizedBlocked.Length ||
+                     normalizedDir[normalizedBlocked.Length] == Path.DirectorySeparatorChar))
+                {
+                    return false;
+                }
+            }
+
+            // Hard-blocked event logs (even in unrestricted mode). Only a path that names the
+            // file is caught here; a wildcard or folder entry is judged per file by
+            // DiagnosticsPackageService, which is the enforcement point.
+            if (IsHardBlockedEventLogFile(normalizedDir))
+                return false;
+
+            // In unrestricted mode, everything except hard-blocked paths is allowed
+            if (unrestrictedMode)
+                return true;
+
+            foreach (var prefix in AllowedDiagnosticsPathPrefixes)
+            {
+                var normalizedPrefix = Path.GetFullPath(prefix);
+                if (normalizedDir.StartsWith(normalizedPrefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                {
+                    // Segment-bounded: next char must be '\' or end-of-string
+                    if (normalizedDir.Length == normalizedPrefix.Length ||
+                        normalizedDir[normalizedPrefix.Length] == Path.DirectorySeparatorChar)
                     {
                         return true;
                     }
                 }
             }
-            catch
-            {
-                // Path normalization failure — deny
-            }
 
-            return false;
+            // Vendor folders under the signed-in user's profile — same allowlist the file
+            // collectors use, since it answers the same question: which folders below a
+            // profile carry enrollment-relevant logs rather than the user's own data.
+            return GatherRuleGuards.IsUserProfilePathOnAllowlist(normalizedDir, userProfilePath);
+        }
+
+        // Windows archives a full channel as "Archive-<file name>-yyyy-MM-dd-HH-mm-ss-fff.evtx".
+        private static readonly Regex ArchivedEventLogRegex = new Regex(
+            @"^Archive-(.+)-\d{4}-\d{2}-\d{2}-\d{2}-\d{2}-\d{2}-\d{3}$",
+            RegexOptions.IgnoreCase | RegexOptions.CultureInvariant | RegexOptions.Compiled);
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// True when the .evtx file name belongs to one of
+        /// <see cref="GatherRuleGuards.HardBlockedEventLogChannels"/> — live file
+        /// ("Microsoft-Windows-PowerShell%4Operational.evtx", where %4 encodes '/') or
+        /// archived copy. Judges the NAME only; a channel may write to a file that does not
+        /// follow the convention, so the packager also checks the channel it resolved.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static bool IsHardBlockedEventLogFile(string path)
+        {
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(path))
+                return false;
+
+            var name = Path.GetFileName(path);
+            if (!name.EndsWith(".evtx", StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase))
+                return false;
+
+            var stem = name.Substring(0, name.Length - ".evtx".Length);
+            var archived = ArchivedEventLogRegex.Match(stem);
+            if (archived.Success)
+                stem = archived.Groups[1].Value;
+
+            return GatherRuleGuards.IsHardBlockedEventLogChannel(stem.Replace("%4", "/"));
         }
 
         /// <summary>

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Telemetry/Gather/GatherRuleExecutor.cs

@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
         /// emits (executor, context guard events, collectors). The timeline feed uses it to keep
         /// gather output from re-triggering on_event rules.
         /// </summary>
-        public const string SourceName = "GatherRuleExecutor";
+        public const string SourceName = Constants.EventSources.GatherRuleExecutor;
 
         /// <summary>
         /// Upper bound on on_event executions per rule and session. on_event has no natural
@@ -496,6 +496,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
 
                     result["ruleId"] = rule.RuleId;
                     result["ruleTitle"] = rule.Title;
+                    StampRuleMarkers(rule, result);
 
                     var eventType = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(rule.OutputEventType) ? rule.OutputEventType : Constants.EventTypes.GatherResult;
 
@@ -537,6 +538,17 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
 
         // ===== Phase scope (ActivePhases / ActiveFromPhase) =====
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Injects the per-rule opt-in markers the backend reads at response time. Called after
+        /// the on_change hash is taken (the markers are rule config, not collected data) by the
+        /// executor and by collectors that emit directly (logparser).
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static void StampRuleMarkers(GatherRule rule, Dictionary<string, object> data)
+        {
+            if (rule.EnrichErrorCodes)
+                data[Constants.GatherRuleDataKeys.EnrichErrorCodes] = true;
+        }
+
         private static bool HasPhaseScope(GatherRule rule)
         {
             return (rule.ActivePhases != null && rule.ActivePhases.Count > 0)

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Telemetry/Gather/GatherRuleGuards.cs

@@ -32,6 +32,16 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
         // -----------------------------------------------------------------------
         public static readonly IReadOnlyList<string> AllowedRegistryPrefixes;
         public static readonly IReadOnlyList<string> AllowedFilePrefixes;
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Folders under the signed-in user's profile that file collectors and
+        /// admin-configured diagnostics paths may read, RELATIVE to the profile root
+        /// (e.g. <c>AppData\Local\Vendor</c>). Resolved against the path
+        /// %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% produced, at match time — the profile name is not
+        /// known when the list is authored, which is why these entries cannot live in
+        /// <see cref="AllowedFilePrefixes"/> (matched literally against the expanded path).
+        /// </summary>
+        public static readonly IReadOnlyList<string> AllowedUserProfileFilePrefixes;
         public static readonly IReadOnlyList<string> AllowedWmiQueryPrefixes;
         public static readonly IReadOnlyCollection<string> AllowedCommands;
         public static readonly IReadOnlyList<string> AllowedEventLogChannels;
@@ -63,8 +73,10 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
             Path.GetFullPath(@"C:\Windows\System32\config"),  // SAM, SECURITY, SYSTEM hives
         };
 
-        // Allowed subdirectories under a user profile (used with %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% token)
-        private static readonly string[] AllowedUserProfileSubdirs = new[]
+        // The only subdirectories of a user profile the C:\Users hard block will ever
+        // release (used with %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE%). Single copy for both guards —
+        // DiagnosticsPathGuards delegates here.
+        internal static readonly string[] AllowedUserProfileSubdirs = new[]
         {
             @"AppData\Local",
             @"AppData\Roaming",
@@ -118,6 +130,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
 
                     AllowedRegistryPrefixes = FlattenCategorized(obj, "registryPrefixes", "prefixes");
                     AllowedFilePrefixes = obj["filePrefixes"]?.ToObject<List<string>>() ?? new List<string>();
+                    AllowedUserProfileFilePrefixes = LoadUserProfilePrefixes(obj);
                     AllowedWmiQueryPrefixes = obj["wmiQueryPrefixes"]?.ToObject<List<string>>() ?? new List<string>();
 
                     var commands = FlattenCategorized(obj, "allowedCommands", "commands");
@@ -136,6 +149,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
 
             AllowedRegistryPrefixes = new List<string>();
             AllowedFilePrefixes = new List<string>();
+            AllowedUserProfileFilePrefixes = new List<string>();
             AllowedWmiQueryPrefixes = new List<string>();
             AllowedCommands = new HashSet<string>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
             AllowedEventLogChannels = new List<string>();
@@ -143,6 +157,43 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
             ResidualWmiPrefixes = new List<string>();
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Reads <c>userProfileFilePrefixes</c> and drops every entry that is rooted, carries a
+        /// traversal, or does not sit under one of <see cref="AllowedUserProfileSubdirs"/>.
+        /// The C:\Users hard block releases nothing outside AppData, so such an entry could only
+        /// ever be dead text — dropping it at load keeps the list honest instead of silently
+        /// ineffective, and no configuration can widen the hard block's exception.
+        /// </summary>
+        private static List<string> LoadUserProfilePrefixes(JObject obj)
+        {
+            var raw = obj["userProfileFilePrefixes"]?.ToObject<List<string>>() ?? new List<string>();
+            var result = new List<string>();
+
+            foreach (var entry in raw)
+            {
+                if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(entry))
+                    continue;
+
+                var trimmed = entry.Trim().TrimEnd('\\');
+                if (Path.IsPathRooted(trimmed))
+                    continue;
+                if (trimmed.IndexOf("..", StringComparison.Ordinal) >= 0)
+                    continue;
+
+                foreach (var subdir in AllowedUserProfileSubdirs)
+                {
+                    if (trimmed.StartsWith(subdir, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
+                        (trimmed.Length == subdir.Length || trimmed[subdir.Length] == '\\'))
+                    {
+                        result.Add(trimmed);
+                        break;
+                    }
+                }
+            }
+
+            return result;
+        }
+
         private static void DeriveWmiClassAllowlist(
             IReadOnlyList<string> entries,
             out HashSet<string> classes,
@@ -265,12 +316,13 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
 
             // C:\Users block always applies (even in unrestricted mode)
             // Exception: paths under <userProfilePath>\AppData\Local or AppData\Roaming
-            // are allowed when the %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% token was used.
+            // are allowed when the %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% token was used. The exception
+            // only LIFTS the block — in restricted mode the allowlist below still decides.
             if (normalizedPath.StartsWith(BlockedUsersPrefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
                 (normalizedPath.Length == BlockedUsersPrefix.Length ||
                  normalizedPath[BlockedUsersPrefix.Length] == Path.DirectorySeparatorChar))
             {
-                if (!DiagnosticsPathGuards.IsUserProfileSubpathAllowed(normalizedPath, userProfilePath))
+                if (!IsUserProfileSubpathAllowed(normalizedPath, userProfilePath))
                     return false;
             }
 
@@ -288,9 +340,61 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
             if (unrestrictedMode)
                 return true;
 
-            return AllowedFilePrefixes.Any(prefix =>
+            if (AllowedFilePrefixes.Any(prefix =>
                 normalizedPath.StartsWith(prefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
-                (normalizedPath.Length == prefix.Length || normalizedPath[prefix.Length] == '\\'));
+                (normalizedPath.Length == prefix.Length || normalizedPath[prefix.Length] == '\\')))
+            {
+                return true;
+            }
+
+            // Vendor folders under the signed-in user's profile. Only reachable when the rule
+            // spelled %LOGGED_ON_USER_PROFILE% and the resolver found an interactive user —
+            // a null profile denies, so a machine with nobody signed in cannot widen anything.
+            return IsUserProfilePathOnAllowlist(normalizedPath, userProfilePath);
+        }
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// True when the normalized path sits under one of <see cref="AllowedUserProfileSubdirs"/>
+        /// of the detected user profile. This is the C:\Users hard block's only exception; it
+        /// releases the block and nothing else. A null profile denies.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static bool IsUserProfileSubpathAllowed(string normalizedPath, string userProfilePath)
+            => AllowedUserProfileSubdirs.Any(subdir =>
+                   MatchesProfileRelativePrefix(normalizedPath, userProfilePath, subdir));
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// True when the normalized path is admitted by an entry of
+        /// <see cref="AllowedUserProfileFilePrefixes"/> under the detected user profile.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static bool IsUserProfilePathOnAllowlist(string normalizedPath, string userProfilePath)
+            => AllowedUserProfileFilePrefixes.Any(prefix =>
+                   MatchesProfileRelativePrefix(normalizedPath, userProfilePath, prefix));
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Segment-bounded match of <paramref name="normalizedPath"/> against
+        /// &lt;profile&gt;\&lt;relativePrefix&gt;. Both sides go through Path.GetFullPath, so a
+        /// traversal spelled into either one cannot slip past the boundary check.
+        /// </summary>
+        private static bool MatchesProfileRelativePrefix(
+            string normalizedPath, string userProfilePath, string relativePrefix)
+        {
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(normalizedPath) || string.IsNullOrEmpty(userProfilePath))
+                return false;
+
+            try
+            {
+                var allowedPrefix = Path.GetFullPath(
+                    Path.Combine(Path.GetFullPath(userProfilePath), relativePrefix));
+
+                return normalizedPath.StartsWith(allowedPrefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
+                       (normalizedPath.Length == allowedPrefix.Length ||
+                        normalizedPath[allowedPrefix.Length] == Path.DirectorySeparatorChar);
+            }
+            catch
+            {
+                // Path normalization failure — deny.
+                return false;
+            }
         }
 
         /// <summary>
@@ -347,11 +451,8 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
             var trimmed = channel.Trim();
 
             // Hard blocks apply even in unrestricted mode
-            foreach (var blocked in HardBlockedEventLogChannels)
-            {
-                if (MatchesChannel(trimmed, blocked))
-                    return false;
-            }
+            if (IsHardBlockedEventLogChannel(trimmed))
+                return false;
 
             if (unrestrictedMode)
                 return true;
@@ -359,6 +460,20 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Gather
             return AllowedEventLogChannels.Any(allowed => MatchesChannel(trimmed, allowed));
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// True when the channel is one of <see cref="HardBlockedEventLogChannels"/>. Every
+        /// path that can read an event log asks here — the event-log collector and the
+        /// diagnostics package alike — so the block cannot hold in one and leak through another.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static bool IsHardBlockedEventLogChannel(string channel)
+        {
+            if (string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(channel))
+                return false;
+
+            var trimmed = channel.Trim();
+            return HardBlockedEventLogChannels.Any(blocked => MatchesChannel(trimmed, blocked));
+        }
+
         private static bool MatchesChannel(string channel, string prefix)
             => channel.StartsWith(prefix, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase) &&
                (channel.Length == prefix.Length || channel[prefix.Length] == '/');

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Telemetry/Periodic/AgentSelfMetricsCollector.cs

@@ -209,6 +209,12 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Telemetry.Periodic
                         data["ime_line_budget_breaks"] = health.BudgetBreaks;
                         data["ime_held_tails"] = health.HeldTails;
                         data["ime_unanchored_patterns"] = health.UnanchoredPatterns;
+                        data["ime_overwrite_rewinds"] = health.OverwriteRewinds;
+                        data["ime_overwrite_bytes_reprocessed"] = health.OverwriteBytesReprocessed;
+                        data["ime_verify_passes"] = health.VerifyPasses;
+                        data["ime_verified_bytes"] = health.VerifiedBytes;
+                        data["ime_pass_max_ms"] = health.PassMaxMs;
+                        data["ime_pass_gap_max_ms"] = health.PassGapMaxMs;
                     }
                 }
                 catch (Exception ex)

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Transport/BackendApiClient.cs

@@ -237,6 +237,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport
                 using (response)
                 {
                     await ThrowOnAuthFailureAsync(response).ConfigureAwait(false);
+                    await ThrowOnCodedConflictAsync(response).ConfigureAwait(false);
                     response.EnsureSuccessStatusCode();
 
                     var responseJson = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
@@ -338,6 +339,38 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport
                 errorCode: errorCode);
         }
 
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Throws <see cref="BackendRefusalException"/> for a 409 whose JSON body carries a
+        /// machine-readable <c>errorCode</c> — register-session answers
+        /// <c>session_owner_mismatch</c> when another tenant claimed the session id, which no retry
+        /// can clear but a session rotation can. A 409 without a code falls through to
+        /// <c>EnsureSuccessStatusCode</c> as before.
+        /// </summary>
+        private static async Task ThrowOnCodedConflictAsync(HttpResponseMessage response)
+        {
+            if (response.StatusCode != System.Net.HttpStatusCode.Conflict)
+                return;
+
+            string body = null;
+            try
+            {
+                body = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync().ConfigureAwait(false);
+            }
+            catch
+            {
+                // No body, no code — the generic 409 handling applies.
+            }
+
+            var errorCode = TryExtractErrorCode(body);
+            if (errorCode == null)
+                return;
+
+            throw new BackendRefusalException(
+                $"Backend returned 409 Conflict with error code {errorCode}.",
+                (int)response.StatusCode,
+                errorCode);
+        }
+
         /// <summary>
         /// Pulls <c>errorCode</c> out of a backend JSON error body. Tolerant: any parse failure
         /// or a non-string value yields null, never an exception.
@@ -471,4 +504,24 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport
             ErrorCode = errorCode;
         }
     }
+
+    /// <summary>
+    /// Thrown when the backend refuses a request on a non-auth status (409) with a machine-readable
+    /// code from Shared <c>Constants.AgentErrorCodes</c>. Unlike <see cref="BackendAuthException"/>
+    /// it says nothing about the device's authorization and must never feed the auth-failure tracker.
+    /// </summary>
+    public class BackendRefusalException : Exception
+    {
+        /// <summary>HTTP status code returned by the backend (409).</summary>
+        public int StatusCode { get; }
+
+        /// <summary>Machine-readable code from the backend's JSON body (never null).</summary>
+        public string ErrorCode { get; }
+
+        public BackendRefusalException(string message, int statusCode, string errorCode) : base(message)
+        {
+            StatusCode = statusCode;
+            ErrorCode = errorCode;
+        }
+    }
 }

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Transport/EmergencyReporter.cs

@@ -79,6 +79,9 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport
         /// exist for callers whose process is about to exit and cannot come back later
         /// (emergency break): retries stay INSIDE the one reservation, so they never
         /// multiply against the per-session budget.
+        ///
+        /// <paramref name="sessionAgeHours"/> is the emergency break's measured session age
+        /// (<see cref="AgentErrorReport.SessionAgeHours"/>); null for every other error type.
         /// </summary>
         public virtual async Task TrySendAsync(
             AgentErrorType errorType,
@@ -87,7 +90,8 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport
             long? sequenceNumber = null,
             int attempts = 1,
             TimeSpan? perAttemptTimeout = null,
-            TimeSpan? retryDelay = null)
+            TimeSpan? retryDelay = null,
+            double? sessionAgeHours = null)
         {
             // Deduplicate by error type + status code: same failure category sent only once per session.
             // All anti-flood checks are protected by a lock to prevent race conditions when
@@ -135,6 +139,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport
                 Message = message,
                 HttpStatusCode = httpStatusCode,
                 SequenceNumber = sequenceNumber,
+                SessionAgeHours = sessionAgeHours,
                 AgentVersion = _agentVersion,
                 Timestamp = DateTime.UtcNow
             };

src/Agent/AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core/Monitoring/Transport/GeoLocationService.cs

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 using System;
 using System.Collections.Generic;
+using System.Linq;
 using System.Net.Http;
 using System.Threading;
 using System.Threading.Tasks;
@@ -25,6 +26,10 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport
         /// </summary>
         public string Ip { get; set; }
 
+        /// <summary>"City, Region, Country" without the parts a provider did not return.</summary>
+        public string Describe() =>
+            string.Join(", ", new[] { City, Region, Country }.Where(p => !string.IsNullOrEmpty(p)));
+
         public Dictionary<string, object> ToDictionary()
         {
             return new Dictionary<string, object>
@@ -45,6 +50,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport
         public string PrimaryError { get; set; }
         public string PrimaryRetryError { get; set; }
         public string FallbackError { get; set; }
+        public string DoGeoError { get; set; }
     }
 
     public static class GeoLocationService
@@ -52,6 +58,16 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport
         private static readonly TimeSpan RequestTimeout = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(5);
         private static readonly TimeSpan RetryDelay = TimeSpan.FromSeconds(2);
 
+        internal const string IpInfoUrl = "https://ipinfo.io/json";
+        internal const string IfConfigCoUrl = "https://ifconfig.co/json";
+
+        /// <summary>
+        /// Delivery Optimization's own geo endpoint. Country and egress IP only (no region, city,
+        /// coordinates or timezone), but it is part of the Windows Update / DO endpoint set that
+        /// Autopilot needs anyway, so it stays reachable in networks that block public geo services.
+        /// </summary>
+        internal const string DoGeoUrl = "https://geo.prod.do.dsp.mp.microsoft.com/geo";
+
         // Static HttpClient to avoid socket exhaustion from repeated short-lived instances.
         // HttpClient is designed to be reused across requests.
         private static readonly HttpClient SharedHttpClient = CreateSharedHttpClient();
@@ -68,7 +84,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport
             var attempt = new GeoLocationAttemptResult();
 
             // Try ipinfo.io first
-            var (result, error) = await TryIpInfo(logger);
+            var (result, error) = await TryProvider("ipinfo.io", IpInfoUrl, ParseIpInfo, logger);
             if (result != null)
             {
                 attempt.Location = result;
@@ -80,7 +96,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport
             logger?.Info($"GeoLocation: Retrying ipinfo.io after {RetryDelay.TotalSeconds}s...");
             await Task.Delay(RetryDelay);
 
-            (result, error) = await TryIpInfo(logger);
+            (result, error) = await TryProvider("ipinfo.io", IpInfoUrl, ParseIpInfo, logger);
             if (result != null)
             {
                 attempt.Location = result;
@@ -89,7 +105,7 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport
             attempt.PrimaryRetryError = error;
 
             // Fallback to ifconfig.co
-            (result, error) = await TryIfConfigCo(logger);
+            (result, error) = await TryProvider("ifconfig.co", IfConfigCoUrl, ParseIfConfigCo, logger);
             if (result != null)
             {
                 attempt.Location = result;
@@ -97,108 +113,111 @@ namespace AutopilotMonitor.Agent.V2.Core.Monitoring.Transport
             }
             attempt.FallbackError = error;
 
+            // Last resort: Delivery Optimization geo — country only, but better than no location
+            (result, error) = await TryProvider("do-geo", DoGeoUrl, ParseDoGeo, logger);
+            if (result != null)
+            {
+                attempt.Location = result;
+                return attempt;
+            }
+            attempt.DoGeoError = error;
+
             logger?.Warning("GeoLocation: All providers failed, skipping location event");
             return attempt;
         }
 
-        private static async Task<(GeoLocationResult result, string error)> TryIpInfo(AgentLogger logger)
+        private static async Task<(GeoLocationResult result, string error)> TryProvider(
+            string name, string url, Func<JObject, GeoLocationResult> parse, AgentLogger logger)
         {
             try
             {
-                logger?.Info("GeoLocation: Querying ipinfo.io...");
+                logger?.Info($"GeoLocation: Querying {name}...");
 
-                using (var httpResponse = await SharedHttpClient.GetAsync("https://ipinfo.io/json"))
+                using (var httpResponse = await SharedHttpClient.GetAsync(url))
                 {
                     if (!httpResponse.IsSuccessStatusCode)
                     {
                         var error = $"HTTP {(int)httpResponse.StatusCode} ({httpResponse.ReasonPhrase})";
-                        logger?.Warning($"GeoLocation: ipinfo.io failed: {error}");
+                        logger?.Warning($"GeoLocation: {name} failed: {error}");
                         return (null, error);
                     }
 
                     var response = await httpResponse.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
-                    var json = JObject.Parse(response);
-
-                    var result = new GeoLocationResult
+                    var result = parse(JObject.Parse(response));
+                    if (result == null)
                     {
-                        Country = json.Value<string>("country"),
-                        Region = json.Value<string>("region"),
-                        City = json.Value<string>("city"),
-                        Loc = json.Value<string>("loc"),
-                        Timezone = json.Value<string>("timezone"),
-                        Ip = json.Value<string>("ip"),
-                        Source = "ipinfo"
-                    };
+                        var error = "No country in response";
+                        logger?.Warning($"GeoLocation: {name} failed: {error}");
+                        return (null, error);
+                    }
 
-                    logger?.Info($"GeoLocation: ipinfo.io returned {result.City}, {result.Region}, {result.Country}");
+                    logger?.Info($"GeoLocation: {name} returned {result.Describe()}");
                     return (result, null);
                 }
             }
             catch (TaskCanceledException)
             {
-                var error = "Timeout (5s)";
-                logger?.Warning($"GeoLocation: ipinfo.io failed: {error}");
+                var error = $"Timeout ({RequestTimeout.TotalSeconds}s)";
+                logger?.Warning($"GeoLocation: {name} failed: {error}");
                 return (null, error);
             }
             catch (Exception ex)
             {
                 var error = ex.Message;
-                logger?.Warning($"GeoLocation: ipinfo.io failed: {error}");
+                logger?.Warning($"GeoLocation: {name} failed: {error}");
                 return (null, error);
             }
         }
 
-        private static async Task<(GeoLocationResult result, string error)> TryIfConfigCo(AgentLogger logger)
+        internal static GeoLocationResult ParseIpInfo(JObject json) =>
+            new GeoLocationResult
+            {
+                Country = json.Value<string>("country"),
+                Region = json.Value<string>("region"),
+                City = json.Value<string>("city"),
+                Loc = json.Value<string>("loc"),
+                Timezone = json.Value<string>("timezone"),
+                Ip = json.Value<string>("ip"),
+                Source = "ipinfo"
+            };
+
+        internal static GeoLocationResult ParseIfConfigCo(JObject json)
         {
-            try
+            var latitude = json.Value<string>("latitude") ?? "";
+            var longitude = json.Value<string>("longitude") ?? "";
+            var loc = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(latitude) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(longitude)
+                ? $"{latitude},{longitude}"
+                : "";
+
+            return new GeoLocationResult
             {
-                logger?.Info("GeoLocation: Falling back to ifconfig.co...");
+                Country = json.Value<string>("country_iso"),
+                Region = json.Value<string>("region_name"),
+                City = json.Value<string>("city"),
+                Loc = loc,
+                Timezone = json.Value<string>("time_zone"),
+                Ip = json.Value<string>("ip"),
+                Source = "ifconfig.co"
+            };
+        }
 
-                using (var httpResponse = await SharedHttpClient.GetAsync("https://ifconfig.co/json"))
-                {
-                    if (!httpResponse.IsSuccessStatusCode)
-                    {
-                        var error = $"HTTP {(int)httpResponse.StatusCode} ({httpResponse.ReasonPhrase})";
-                        logger?.Warning($"GeoLocation: ifconfig.co failed: {error}");
-                        return (null, error);
-                    }
+        /// <summary>
+        /// The DO geo response carries DO service configuration next to the geo fields; only
+        /// <c>CountryCode</c> and <c>ExternalIpAddress</c> are location data. Without a country
+        /// the response is worthless as a location, so it counts as a failure (null).
+        /// </summary>
+        internal static GeoLocationResult ParseDoGeo(JObject json)
+        {
+            var country = json.Value<string>("CountryCode");
+            if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(country))
+                return null;
 
-                    var response = await httpResponse.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
-                    var json = JObject.Parse(response);
-
-                    var latitude = json.Value<string>("latitude") ?? "";
-                    var longitude = json.Value<string>("longitude") ?? "";
-                    var loc = !string.IsNullOrEmpty(latitude) && !string.IsNullOrEmpty(longitude)
-                        ? $"{latitude},{longitude}"
-                        : "";
-
-                    var result = new GeoLocationResult
-                    {
-                        Country = json.Value<string>("country_iso"),
-                        Region = json.Value<string>("region_name"),
-                        City = json.Value<string>("city"),
-                        Loc = loc,
-                        Timezone = json.Value<string>("time_zone"),
-                        Ip = json.Value<string>("ip"),
-                        Source = "ifconfig.co"
-                    };
-
-                    logger?.Info($"GeoLocation: ifconfig.co returned {result.City}, {result.Region}, {result.Country}");
-                    return (result, null);
-                }
-            }
-            catch (TaskCanceledException)
+            return new GeoLocationResult
             {
-                var error = "Timeout (5s)";
-                logger?.Warning($"GeoLocation: ifconfig.co failed: {error}");
-                return (null, error);
-            }
-            catch (Exception ex)
-            {
-                var error = ex.Message;
-                logger?.Warning($"GeoLocation: ifconfig.co failed: {error}");
-                return (null, error);
-            }
+                Country = country,
+                Ip = json.Value<string>("ExternalIpAddress"),
+                Source = "do-geo"
+            };
         }
     }
 }