Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/gw/T2.5-gateway-stack' into gw/T2.11-website-interim

test(e2e): observe website redirects instead of following them
Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/gw/T1.8-access-envelope' into gw/T2.5-gateway-stack
2026-11-11 12:43:54 +00:00 · 2026-11-11 18:14:41 +08:00 · 2026-11-11 18:14:36 +08:00 · 2026-11-11 18:03:26 +08:00 · 2026-11-11 17:39:55 +08:00 · 2026-11-11 17:37:29 +08:00
596 changed files with 60173 additions and 18460 deletions
@@ -1,43 +1,38 @@
 ---
 name: rustfs-release-publish
-description: Publish a RustFS version through Console, release-branch CI, preview acceptance, human confirmation, and final publication. Use only for an explicit release request.
+description: Publish a RustFS version through frozen Linux candidate acceptance, desktop completion, manifest approval, byte-preserving publication and post-release follow-up. Use only for an explicit release request.
 ---
 # RustFS Release

-Require the exact final SemVer target before version edits or publication. If unspecified, inspect current releases/tags and ask with concrete candidates; do not guess the channel or bump. A named bump type resolves to an exact version that still needs confirmation. Report the confirmed target verbatim; resolve any later mismatch before proceeding. Independent read-only preflight may continue.
+Require the exact final SemVer target before version edits or publication. If unspecified, inspect releases/tags and ask with concrete candidates; do not guess the channel or bump. Reuse the user's confirmed target and authorized delivery scope. Independent read-only preflight may continue.

 ## Invariants

- Cargo stores `<target>`, never `-preview.N`. Before publication, installation defaults retain the previous available deliverable. Final and preview binaries embed their own tag names, so version/asset names differ despite identical source.
- Use annotated tags without `v`. Preview names are exactly `<target>-preview.<digits>`; choose the next unused iteration after fetching tags. Preview Releases are prereleases, never Latest; publish only versioned assets/exact Docker tags, never latest assets, R2, Helm, moving Docker channels, or installation/banner updates.
- `release/<target>` owns the candidate. Retain its history, backport only reviewed fixes, and never merge main wholesale or force-push it. Pin `PREVIEW_HASH` to its exact commit with complete passing CI. Preview and final tags both point there; never tag a later main/branch HEAD or insert another bump.
- Phase failures block dependents. Keep preview Releases until final publication and notes generation finish; CI removes Releases while retaining tags. Never move an existing preview or final tag.
+- Cargo and every candidate executable contain the final product version. `<target>-preview.<run_number>` is an immutable candidate identifier, not a public tag or displayed binary version.
+- Freeze the exact source, reviewed workflow recipe, toolchain, Console, CLI, dependency lock, previous stable version and validation plan. Newer unrelated main or Console releases do not change those inputs.
+- Retain `release/<target>` history when a release branch is used; backport only reviewed fixes. Pin `CANDIDATE_SHA` to its exact CI-validated commit. Never force-push a release branch or move a public tag.
+- Build Linux first. Complete field acceptance before macOS/Windows and packaging. Full certification and final acceptance are required before publication; a partial Linux PASS grants no release authority.
+- Promote the accepted bytes. Final publication never recompiles binaries or rebuilds packages/images. Infrastructure retries reuse successful artifacts; changed source or inputs require a new candidate and affected acceptance.
+- Phase failures block dependents. No latest/default-channel update before versioned delivery. Use the [pipeline runbook](../../../docs/operations/release-pipeline.md) for executable entry points, locks and recovery.

-## Read by Phase
-
-Read only the current phase's procedure; retain completed evidence across turns. Follow root verification, Git/PR, and authorization rules.
+## Read by phase

 | Phase | Procedure |
 |---|---|
-| 0 | Clean tree, fetch main/tags, verify GitHub access, then complete the mandatory [Console release gate](references/console-gate.md). A green Console build alone is insufficient. |
-| 1–2 | [Prepare/reuse the release candidate and run exact-SHA branch CI](references/release-candidate.md). Source version changes use `rustfs-release-version-bump` with authorized delivery scope. |
-| 3 | [Verify the preview build, assets, channels, and notes](references/preview-release.md). |
-| 4–5 | [Run the downloaded binary, Console CRUD, and latest-rc matrix](references/preview-acceptance.md). Every check must pass. |
-| Confirmation | Complete the gate below and end the turn. |
-| 6 | After fresh confirmation, [publish and verify the final tag](references/final-release.md) at `PREVIEW_HASH`. |
-| 7 | [Reconcile Security Advisories, milestones, installation references, and the website; reconcile main and remove the completed release branch](references/post-release-updates.md) only after complete publication. |
+| 0 | Clean tree, fetch main/tags, verify access, then complete the mandatory [Console gate](references/console-gate.md). |
+| 1–2 | [Prepare the exact source and run branch CI](references/release-candidate.md). Version edits use `rustfs-release-version-bump`. |
+| 3 | [Build and verify the Linux candidate](references/preview-release.md). |
+| 4–5 | [Run artifact, field, Console and rc acceptance](references/preview-acceptance.md), then complete desktop/package/image/chart validation. |
+| Confirmation | Report the complete manifest and obtain the confirmation below. |
+| 6 | [Publish the accepted manifest](references/final-release.md). |
+| 7 | [Reconcile advisories, milestones, installation references, website and release branch](references/post-release-updates.md). |

-## Human Confirmation
+## Human confirmation

-After Phases 3–5 pass, recheck that the release branch still equals `PREVIEW_HASH` and that the current Console asset tag/digest match the preview's recorded build inputs. Report the target, branch, preview tag/hash, branch CI run, preview Release URL, accepted Console asset identity/result, and rc matrix. Explicitly ask whether to publish the final tag and end the turn without creating/pushing it.
+After all acceptance passes, report the target, source SHA, source CI run, Linux and completion run URLs, final manifest SHA-256, accepted Console/CLI identities, compatibility/performance results and backlog report. Explicitly ask whether to publish this exact manifest and end the turn without dispatching publication.

-Only a new affirmative user reply to that exact report authorizes Phase 6. The original release request, earlier confirmation, silence, or automated follow-up does not count. Confirmation binds the target, preview tag, hash, and accepted build inputs; a changed value or repeated/failed acceptance cycle invalidates it. Revalidate and obtain fresh confirmation before continuing.
+Only a new affirmative reply to that exact report authorizes Phase 6. An earlier general release request, silence or automatic continuation does not count. Reuse confirmation for retries of that same manifest; do not ask again merely because a destination failed. A changed source, input, manifest or acceptance result invalidates it and requires renewed acceptance/confirmation.

-## Recovery
+## Recovery and reporting

- Before the final tag exists, land fixes on main, backport to the candidate, verify target versions, and restart branch CI/acceptance. Use a new preview iteration once a preview was tagged; main may advance independently.
- If only an external build input changed, record it, create a new preview iteration even when the source SHA is unchanged, and repeat the affected build and artifact acceptance before fresh confirmation. Reuse source checks whose inputs remain valid.
- Once the final tag exists, retry publication jobs for that exact tag. A source fix requires a newly confirmed target, not retagging or a newer preview. Phase 7 retries recheck artifact availability and superseding releases.
- If abandoned after the bump merged, report the unpublished version on main and record whether to revert or let the next release overwrite it. Deleting unpublished candidate branches or preview tags requires an explicit decision. Completed release branches follow Phase 7 cleanup; keep release tags.
-
-Report completed phase results and incomplete work with evidence: Console previous/latest tags, release need, hash and run/Release URLs; target, branch CI/SHA, previews and hash, confirmation state; preview/final assets, latest-channel state, Console/rc results and cleanup; advisory reconciliation results and pending disclosure decisions; both milestone states, installation PR checks/merge state, and website text/link/PR/deployment state. Keep artifact publication separate from follow-up delivery; do not call an open PR a live update. Report deviations and their authorization.
+Resume failed infrastructure jobs without rebuilding successful units. Fix product defects on main, backport when needed, and start a new candidate. After a final tag exists, retry the same bytes or use a new patch version; never move the tag. Do not conflate implemented, CI-passed, field-accepted, approved, published and post-release-complete states. Report incomplete work and deviations with evidence; a tag or green build alone is not a completed release.
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@ Read during Phase 0, before changing RustFS version files or tags. Follow the pa

 ### Console release gate

-Complete this gate before changing any RustFS version file or creating any RustFS tag. RustFS `build.yml` downloads the asset returned by `repos/rustfs/console/releases/latest`, so a successful Console build alone is insufficient.
+Complete this gate before changing any RustFS version file or creating any RustFS tag. Candidate creation resolves `repos/rustfs/console/releases/latest` once and freezes the exact asset for every build, so a successful Console build alone is insufficient. After freezing, later Console releases do not silently change or invalidate the accepted inputs.

 1. Read the latest published Console tag and compare it with Console `main`:

@@ -1,22 +1,13 @@
-# Final Release Publication
+# Final release publication

-Read only after fresh user confirmation of the preview acceptance report. The [parent confirmation gate](../SKILL.md#human-confirmation) applies.
+Read only after fresh confirmation of the complete candidate report. The [parent confirmation gate](../SKILL.md#human-confirmation) applies.

-## Phase 6 — Publish the final tag on the validated commit
+Dispatch `release-publish.yml` on main with the successful completion run ID and approved `release-manifest.json` SHA-256. Do not create the tag manually. The workflow revalidates source, bytes and trusted certification, then creates the annotated final tag at `CANDIDATE_SHA`. A recipe change fails closed and requires a new candidate; unrelated main changes do not require a rebuild.

-No second source version bump. Before creating the final tag, recheck the remote `release/<target>` HEAD equals `PREVIEW_HASH` and the current Console release tag/asset digest still match the accepted preview inputs. If either changed after confirmation, the approval no longer applies; validate the changed inputs with a new preview and obtain fresh confirmation. The final tag goes on the exact commit the preview validated:
+Require both versioned publication and channel publication jobs to succeed. Verify the final tag's commit and manifest identity; all six platform ZIPs and compatibility aliases; DEB/RPM, checksums, SBOM, provenance and evidence bundle; both multi-architecture image variants in Docker Hub, GHCR and Quay; and the accepted Helm chart in the chart repository. Download a host-compatible final artifact and confirm its digest is exactly the accepted candidate digest and its version/source output agrees.

-```bash
-git fetch origin --tags
-git rev-parse "<preview-tag>^{commit}"          # must equal PREVIEW_HASH — abort if not
-git tag -a "<target>" -m "Release <target>" "$PREVIEW_HASH"
-git push origin "<target>"
-```
+For stable releases verify GitHub Latest, R2 download aliases and `latest.json` unless a newer stable release already owns those channels. Prereleases must remain GitHub prereleases and leave stable pointers unchanged. Verify generated release notes compare against the frozen previous stable release, excluding internal previews.

- CI rebuilds from the same source with a different tag name, so the binary self-reports `<target>`. Other inputs can change: `build.yml` reads Console `releases/latest` during each build. Compare the actual Console tag, URL, and verified digest in every final build job with the accepted preview record, and inspect available build provenance for other relevant changes. A pre-tag check cannot prevent a later input change. On a mismatch or missing evidence, repeat affected acceptance against the final artifacts and report the limitation; failed acceptance leaves release validation incomplete even if publication already succeeded. Never move the final tag to conceal a failure.
- Verify the final tag's complete publication path: all matrix and release jobs green; `gh release view "<target>"` shows the full versioned and `-latest` asset set plus checksums, SBOM, and provenance; Docker and Helm workflows succeed; `latest.json` points to `<target>`. A stable target must have `isPrerelease=false` and `isLatest=true`. An alpha/beta/rc target must have `isPrerelease=true`; GitHub does not permit prereleases to be Latest, but the project `latest.json` still advances to the final non-preview target.
- Verify the final Release body contains `## What's Changed` and a Full Changelog link. When `PREVIOUS_DELIVERABLE` exists, the link MUST be `https://github.com/rustfs/rustfs/compare/<PREVIOUS_DELIVERABLE>...<target>` and the baseline MUST equal the preview Release baseline; for example, both `1.0.0-beta.12-preview.1` and `1.0.0-beta.12` compare from `1.0.0-beta.11`.
- Verify the preview cleanup: `cleanup-preview-releases` must succeed and `gh release view "<preview-tag>"` must then report `release not found` for every preview iteration of this target. Each surviving preview tag must still resolve to its own recorded commit; the accepted preview resolves to `PREVIEW_HASH`. If the job failed, delete the leftover Releases manually with `gh release delete "<preview-tag>" --yes` and report it.
- Verify a host-compatible final artifact's checksum and `./rustfs --version`; it must report `<target>` and the expected source SHA. This identity check does not replace affected acceptance when build inputs changed.
+On infrastructure failure retry the same workflow/seal; matching destinations are reused. Never clobber an asset, force a tag, rebuild the image or silently accept a changed digest. A source fix after the final tag requires a new patch version. Cross-registry writes are not atomic: report the unfinished destination rather than claiming publication complete.

-Never pass `--cleanup-tag` when removing preview Releases. Remove them manually only if `cleanup-preview-releases` failed, after final publication and notes generation. Record deleted Releases and surviving tags.
+New candidates create no preview Releases to clean up. For a legacy preview release, preserve its tag and remove its Release only after final delivery and notes are verified. Do not pass `--cleanup-tag`. Complete the [post-release follow-up](post-release-updates.md) separately.
@@ -24,7 +24,7 @@ Reconcile advisories after every completed final release, including Console-only

 1. Re-read the published deliverable state before edits or a retry. If a newer release has superseded this target, do not downgrade installation references or the website announcement. Report the superseding release and leave those defaults intact.
 2. Invoke `rustfs-release-version-bump` with stage `post-release`, the exact target, and the authorized delivery scope. Prepare the follow-up on current main; do not edit or move either validated release tag. Cargo versions may already be preparing the next target and must remain untouched.
-3. Verify the exact Docker image manifest, Release download links, RPM source archive, and Helm repository entry before publishing the installation PR. The chart workflow overrides chart/app versions from the final tag, pins the source checkout to that release, and waits for its default Docker image before packaging.
+3. Verify the exact Docker image manifest, Release download links, RPM source archive, and Helm repository entry before publishing the installation PR. The chart is packaged and tested before sealing; publication uploads those same bytes only after versioned Docker images are available.
 4. Report the installation PR and its merge state separately from the completed release. Reuse existing merge authorization and repository checks; do not infer new merge authority from this reference.

 ## rustfs.com top banner
@@ -54,4 +54,4 @@ Use the existing announcement configuration from [website PR #112](https://githu
 1. Compare the exact published tag with current main. Audit every release-side commit since their merge base, including inherited backports. An ahead count is a history difference, not proof of missing changes. Use ancestry and patch equivalence, then inspect current code and regression evidence for squashed, adapted, superseded, or reverted changes. Record each commit as present, superseded, release-only, or missing; a positive `git cherry` result alone does not prove a missing fix.
 2. Bring missing shared changes to main through a reviewed PR and the required checks before closing the follow-up. Preserve main's later changes; decide version bumps and pinned Console configuration separately. If a history merge is needed, use a merge commit and verify the release commit is an ancestor of main; squash does not establish that ancestry. Do not merge main into the published release branch or move its tags. Report unresolved changes instead of claiming reconciliation is complete.
 3. After publication and authorized follow-ups are complete, delete the remote `release/<target>` branch. Immediately before deletion, verify its HEAD still equals the published tag's commit and no open PR targets or originates from it. Preserve a branch with newer work or open PRs and report the blocker. Use a deletion with an expected-old-SHA check to avoid removing a concurrently advanced branch.
-4. Verify the remote branch is absent and the final and preview tags still resolve to their recorded commits. Remove a local release branch only if it is task-owned, unchecked out, and has no unpreserved work. Record cleanup separately from artifact publication; an explicitly authorized deletion before reconciliation does not make unresolved main changes complete.
+4. Verify the remote branch is absent and the final tag and any legacy preview tags still resolve to their recorded commits. Remove a local release branch only if it is task-owned, unchecked out, and has no unpreserved work. Record cleanup separately from artifact publication; an explicitly authorized deletion before reconciliation does not make unresolved main changes complete.
@@ -1,10 +1,10 @@
-# Preview Artifact Acceptance
+# Candidate Artifact Acceptance

-Read after Phase 3 succeeds. Complete every check below before the parent skill's manual confirmation gate. These checks cover the downloaded artifact, embedded Console, and latest rc client.
+Read after Phase 3 succeeds. Complete every check below before the parent skill's manual confirmation gate. These checks cover the downloaded artifact, embedded Console, and the rc release frozen in the candidate inputs.

 ## Phase 4 — Run the artifact locally, verify the console

-Use a unique task-owned scratch directory. Select the versioned archive matching the host OS, architecture, and runtime, download its checksum file, and verify the archive before extraction. Do not substitute a different build when a matching artifact is unavailable; report that acceptance gap. The shell example below assumes the verified executable is at `RUSTFS_BINARY` (`rustfs.exe` on Windows), `SCRATCH` is the task directory, and `S3_PORT` and `CONSOLE_PORT` are distinct available ports. Use equivalent native commands when the shell differs.
+Use a unique task-owned scratch directory. Select the versioned archive matching the acceptance host, and verify it against the sealed manifest before extraction. Before desktop completion, use the Linux acceptance environment rather than rebuilding for the local desktop. Do not substitute a different build when a matching artifact is unavailable; report that acceptance gap. The shell example below assumes the verified executable is at `RUSTFS_BINARY` (`rustfs.exe` on Windows), `SCRATCH` is the task directory, and `S3_PORT` and `CONSOLE_PORT` are distinct available ports. Use equivalent native commands when the shell differs.

 Bind both listeners to loopback. Choose task-only credentials, set loopback proxy exclusions for the server/client processes, and record the server PID. A port probe does not reserve a port; retry startup with fresh ports on a bind conflict rather than connecting to an existing service.

@@ -24,16 +24,16 @@ PREVIEW_SERVER_PID=$!

 Checks (all must pass):

- `"$RUSTFS_BINARY" --version` reports the preview tag name and the short SHA of `PREVIEW_HASH`. Reporting `<target>` without the `-preview.N` suffix means the build did not embed the tag — treat as FAIL and investigate before proceeding.
+- `"$RUSTFS_BINARY" --version` reports the exact final `<target>` and full `CANDIDATE_SHA`. A preview suffix, another version or another source is a failure.
 - Wait with a bounded readiness deadline while checking the recorded server process remains alive; `curl --noproxy '*' -fsS "$S3_ENDPOINT/health/ready"` must return ready from this process's listener.
 - Startup log shows the embedded console being served (this was the regression that `fix(release): require embedded console assets` guards).
 - Open `CONSOLE_ENDPOINT` in the browser and log in with the task credentials. The dashboard must render without JS console errors; create a bucket, upload a file, download it back (byte-identical), and delete the object and bucket. Keep the server running for Phase 5.

-## Phase 5 — Validate with the latest rc client
+## Phase 5 — Validate with the pinned rc client

 `rc` is the RustFS CLI client from <https://github.com/rustfs/cli>.

- Resolve the latest release with `gh api repos/rustfs/cli/releases/latest --jq .tag_name`; verify the local client's version or download and verify a host-compatible client into the task directory. Set `RC_BIN` to that executable and record its version/digest. Avoid changing the user's installed client for this check.
+- Read the CLI release and asset digests from `inputs.json`; verify the local client's version or download a host-compatible asset from that exact release into the task directory. If the host is a desktop, resolve its asset within the same pinned CLI release and record the digest; do not independently follow `latest`. Set `RC_BIN` to that executable and record its version/digest. Avoid changing the user's installed client for this check.
 - Inspect the client's current help for an isolated configuration option and use it when supported. Otherwise choose a unique `PREVIEW_ALIAS` and confirm it is absent before creating it; never overwrite an existing alias. Use task-owned bucket/user names and input/output files. The names below are safe only inside the newly started isolated server.
 - Point the client at `S3_ENDPOINT` with loopback proxy exclusions and run the command matrix, recording PASS/FAIL per command:

@@ -60,3 +60,9 @@ cmp <local-file> "$SCRATCH/out"
 ```

 - Any FAIL blocks acceptance. On success or failure, stop only the recorded task process and remove only task-created aliases/data after retaining the needed failure evidence. Do not erase an existing client configuration or unrelated server data.
+
+## Field acceptance and desktop completion
+
+Before accepting the Linux manifest, record Scanner/Heal, multi-pool, memory, major features, high-concurrency 503, performance and previous-version integrity/upgrade results in backlog. Preserve the release-specific agreed limits and baseline; a PASS label without artifact identities or test results does not satisfy acceptance.
+
+Dispatch `release-complete.yml` only after that report passes, using the exact Linux manifest digest and backlog URL. Require native macOS/Windows checks, package extraction, image startup/scans, chart tests and complete certification to pass. Complete any desktop Console/client checks applicable to the release against these same archives. Record the completion run and final manifest SHA-256 before entering the parent confirmation gate. Partial Linux acceptance does not authorize final publication.
@@ -1,25 +1,9 @@
-# Preview Release Verification
+# Linux candidate verification

-Read for Phase 3 after the candidate passed exact-SHA CI. The [parent release invariants](../SKILL.md) apply.
+Read for Phase 3 after the source passed exact-SHA CI. The [parent invariants](../SKILL.md) apply; commands and recovery live in the [pipeline runbook](../../../../docs/operations/release-pipeline.md).

-## Preview channels
+Dispatch `release-candidate.yml` on main with the confirmed final version and `CANDIDATE_SHA`. Record the run ID, frozen `inputs.json`, every Linux archive digest and `linux-manifest.json` SHA-256. Require the four Linux builds, native startup/S3 checks, previous-release upgrade matrix and Linux seal to succeed. Missing, skipped, cancelled or failed required work is incomplete acceptance.

- Use `<target>-preview.N` for every target, e.g. `1.0.0-beta.10-preview.3` or `1.1.0-preview.1`.
- The canonical suffix is exactly `-preview.<digits>`. `build.yml` recognizes it before alpha/beta/rc classification and routes it to the preview-only path; any other tag containing `-preview` fails closed instead of being treated as a release.
- A preview Release MUST be published with `isPrerelease=true` and `isLatest=false`. Any `*-latest` preview asset or preview-triggered `latest.json`, R2, Helm, or moving Docker channel tag is a pipeline failure. Docker images may use the exact preview version tag, including its existing variant suffixes.
- Preview Releases are cleaned up by the `cleanup-preview-releases` job after `publish-release` succeeds for the deliverable tag. It deletes every Release whose tag is exactly `<target>-preview.<digits>` and never passes `--cleanup-tag`, so the tags survive.
+Verify the frozen Console identity equals the one accepted in Phase 0. Every matrix job consumes that same digest and exact toolchain. The binary must report the final product version and source commit; its candidate ID is separate. No public tag, Release, registry tag, R2 release path, Helm repository or latest pointer should change during this stage.

-## Phase 3 — CI and preview Release verification
-
- Find and watch the tag build: `gh run list --workflow build.yml --branch "<preview-tag>" --limit 1` then `gh run watch <run-id>`. Every build matrix target must succeed (linux x86_64/aarch64 × musl/gnu, macos-aarch64, windows-x86_64).
- Confirm the preview tag resolves to the Phase 2 CI-validated `PREVIEW_HASH`. If the release branch advances during acceptance, repeat Phases 2–5 with a new preview tag.
- Confirm the Release publication jobs (`create-release`, `upload-release-assets`, and `publish-release`) succeed while `update-latest-version` is skipped.
- Record the inputs actually consumed by each build job: source SHA and the embedded Console release tag, asset URL, and verified SHA256 from the download logs. The workflow reads Console `releases/latest` separately for each build; confirm the matrix used the Console asset accepted in Phase 0. A missing identity or differing asset blocks acceptance until resolved. Retain available toolchain and build provenance with the artifact checksums; the same source SHA alone does not establish equivalent builds.
- Verify `gh release view "<preview-tag>" --json isPrerelease,assets,url`: `isPrerelease` must be `true`, and the Release must contain all 6 versioned platform zips, checksums, SBOM, and provenance with no `-latest` assets. Confirm `gh api repos/{owner}/{repo}/releases/latest --jq .tag_name` does not return `<preview-tag>`.
- Record `PREVIOUS_DELIVERABLE`, selected from published Releases by `publishedAt` after excluding the current tag and every `-preview.N` tag. Verify `gh release view "<preview-tag>" --json body --jq .body` contains `## What's Changed` and, when `PREVIOUS_DELIVERABLE` exists, `**Full Changelog**: https://github.com/rustfs/rustfs/compare/<PREVIOUS_DELIVERABLE>...<preview-tag>`. For a repository with no previous deliverable, verify a Full Changelog link exists and record the GitHub baseline fallback.
- Confirm Helm is skipped. If preview Docker images are published, confirm they use only exact preview tags (and variant suffixes), with no `latest`, `alpha`, `beta`, or `rc` channel updates. Preview validation covers the built RustFS binaries, embedded console, and rc compatibility; it does not authorize advancing any installation default.
-
-## Release notes
-
- When a previous deliverable exists, GitHub Release notes for the preview and final tags MUST use it as their shared comparison baseline: the most recently published non-preview Release before the target. Internal `-preview.N` Releases are explicitly excluded from that selection, even when they point at the same commit as the final tag — cleanup runs after the notes are generated, so the preview Release is still present and would otherwise be picked as the baseline. If no previous deliverable exists, omit `previous_tag_name` and record that GitHub's default baseline fallback was used.
- Generated Release notes carry a workflow-management marker so retries can repair them. Before manually curating a generated body, remove that marker; unmarked non-placeholder notes are preserved by later workflow runs.
+A green Linux run is ready for field acceptance, not publication. The partial certification must have `publish_allowed: false`. Retain the exact Linux manifest for the next stage; a new source/build-input candidate must not inherit the old approval. A newer unrelated main commit does not invalidate this evidence.
@@ -16,22 +16,13 @@ Read for Phases 1–2. The [parent release invariants](../SKILL.md) and Console
 - Only when neither the release branch, an unfinished preview tag, nor current main already has `<target>`: if main is at a later version, select and verify a historical commit containing `<target>` rather than downgrading main; block if none exists. Otherwise invoke the `rustfs-release-version-bump` skill with stage `prepare`, the final `<target>` (NOT a preview version), and full GitHub flow (commit/push/PR).
 - If a bump PR was needed, get it merged into main and record its merge commit. For a new release branch when main already has `<target>`, identify the main commit that introduced those versions. Phase 2 chooses a release candidate containing that commit; an existing release branch keeps its own history and a newer main HEAD is not required.

-Do not wait for the moving latest main HEAD to become green. The release-branch CI in Phase 2 validates the chosen commit before a preview tag is created.
+Do not wait for the moving latest main HEAD to become green. The release-branch CI in Phase 2 validates the chosen commit before a candidate build is dispatched.

-## Phase 2 — Pin and validate the release candidate, then publish the preview tag
+## Phase 2 — Pin and validate the release source

- Use `release/<target>`. On the first attempt, create it from a selected main commit containing the version bump and intended changes; it need not be the latest main HEAD. On a restart, retain the existing branch and backport only reviewed fixes from main. Verify the branch's Cargo versions still equal `<target>`. If adopting an existing preview, run this branch CI before continuing its acceptance; reuse the tag only when it points to the validated SHA.
- The current `ci.yml` runs automatically on main pushes, not release-branch pushes. Dispatch it explicitly with `gh workflow run ci.yml --ref "release/<target>"`. Locate that dispatch run, verify its `head_sha` equals the release branch's remote HEAD, and require the full expected CI job set to pass, including `Quick Checks`, `Test and Lint`, and `End-to-End Tests (full merge gate)`. Treat a missing or skipped required lane as incomplete. A successful PR check or CI run for a different SHA does not qualify. If the branch advances or a run is cancelled, validate the new SHA again. Do not tag a candidate with failing or incomplete CI.
+- Use `release/<target>`. On the first attempt, create it from a selected main commit containing the version bump and intended changes; it need not be the latest main HEAD. On a restart, retain the existing branch and backport only reviewed fixes from main. Verify the branch's Cargo versions still equal `<target>`. A legacy preview can anchor source selection, but its tag and old artifacts do not constitute a candidate in the new protocol; freeze and verify a new candidate after the release recipe is aligned.
+- The current `ci.yml` runs automatically on main pushes, not release-branch pushes. Dispatch it explicitly with `gh workflow run ci.yml --ref "release/<target>"`. Locate that dispatch run, verify its `head_sha` equals the release branch's remote HEAD, and require the full expected CI job set to pass, including `Quick Checks`, `Test and Lint`, and `End-to-End Tests (full merge gate)`. Treat a missing or skipped required lane as incomplete. A successful PR check or CI run for a different SHA does not qualify. If the branch advances or a run is cancelled, validate the new SHA again. Do not dispatch a candidate with failing or incomplete CI.
 - Prefer protecting `release/*` against force pushes and deletion and requiring reviewed backport PRs. Check live rulesets rather than assuming the main ruleset covers release branches; report a missing release-branch rule as a gap.
- Set `PREVIEW_HASH` to the CI-validated release-branch commit and recheck the remote branch HEAD immediately before tagging. Report the branch, commit, and CI run URL; do not derive `PREVIEW_HASH` from a later `origin/main` fetch. When adopting an existing preview tag at this SHA, skip tag creation and continue Phase 3.
-
-```bash
-git tag -a "<preview-tag>" -m "Release <preview-tag>" "$PREVIEW_HASH"
-git push origin "<preview-tag>"
-```
-
-Pushing the tag triggers `.github/workflows/build.yml` ("Build and Release"); `docker.yml` chains off it via `workflow_run`.
-
-The preview run builds versioned artifacts and publishes them in a GitHub prerelease. Docker may publish exact preview image tags. Latest-channel, R2, and Helm publication must be skipped; installation references and the website announcement stay unchanged.
-
-On a restart after a backport, re-run release-branch CI before setting the new `PREVIEW_HASH`. Use the next unused preview iteration when the validated commit differs from an existing preview tag; never move an existing tag.
+- Set `CANDIDATE_SHA` to the CI-validated release-branch commit. Record the branch, exact commit and CI run URL. The new candidate protocol starts from a commit whose release recipe matches the reviewed main dispatcher; backport the recipe before freezing an older release branch if needed.
+- Dispatch the Linux candidate as described in [candidate verification](preview-release.md). Do not create a preview or final tag here. The final executable already contains `<target>`; publication later promotes those same bytes.
+- After a source or build-input change, run the affected source checks and create a new candidate. Reuse the frozen candidate after an infrastructure failure. Do not restart acceptance for unrelated main advances.
@@ -4,18 +4,18 @@ description: Prepare an exact RustFS Cargo version or align installation referen
 ---
 # Release Version Files

-Require an exact target; ask if missing or ambiguous. Reject targets containing `-preview`: those are tag-only. Infer `post-release` only from an explicit request or parent workflow; otherwise use `prepare`. Delivery defaults to local edit/verify; commit, push, PR, and merge follow existing authorization and [Git rules](../../references/pull-requests.md).
+Require an exact target; ask if missing or ambiguous. Reject targets containing `-preview`: those identify candidates, not product versions or new public tags. Infer `post-release` only from an explicit request or parent workflow; otherwise use `prepare`. Delivery defaults to local edit/verify; commit, push, PR, and merge follow existing authorization and [Git rules](../../references/pull-requests.md).

 | Stage | Files and constraints |
 |---|---|
 | `prepare` | Only `Cargo.toml` and `Cargo.lock`: workspace package, internal dependency, and workspace member versions become `<target>`. External dependencies stay unchanged. |
 | `post-release` | Only `README.md`, `README_ZH.md`, `flake.nix`, `helm/rustfs/Chart.yaml`, and `rustfs.spec`. Cargo may already target the next release; leave it untouched. |

-Before installation edits, verify the exact non-preview Release, downloadable assets/source archive, pullable `rustfs/rustfs:<target>` image manifest, and published Helm chart. Block on missing artifacts. Do not downgrade defaults if a newer deliverable superseded the target. Preview preparation retains the previous published installation references; follow-up commits never replace either validated tag.
+Before installation edits, verify the exact non-preview Release, downloadable assets/source archive, pullable `rustfs/rustfs:<target>` image manifest, and published Helm chart. Block on missing artifacts. Do not downgrade defaults if a newer deliverable superseded the target. Candidate preparation retains the previous published installation references; follow-up commits never replace validated tags or sealed artifacts.

 Packaging policy:

- Docker image tags have no `v` prefix. Derive chart/app versions with `scripts/helm_chart_version.sh <target>` (`beta.N -> 0.N.0`; other versions unchanged). Helm CI derives versions from the final tag, so no early chart bump is required.
+- Docker image tags have no `v` prefix. Derive chart/app versions with `scripts/helm_chart_version.sh <target>`; both equal the final product SemVer, including prerelease suffixes. Helm CI uses the frozen candidate version before sealing, so no early installation chart bump is required. Previously published chart versions remain unchanged.
 - RPM `Version` is numeric; `Release` is the prerelease suffix or `1` for stable. Expanded `Source0` and the unpack directory must resolve to the exact target including its suffix. Add the changelog entry using current git identity, date, and target; never copy an example identity/date.
 - Changing these mappings requires explicit confirmation.

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-sha256-darwin=219ac11e720b3f54dfee4d5d5e95171785ba159b2fe01db3037a8f5061c1ad32
-sha256-linux=2d34698cc8ec52d5b6c37ac612919a1d21f36cd56a1af539a7522a4eea518e26
+sha256-darwin=0374e6b9b061dd5d622686301386232a4aa1cb22eedc18af70d2a7411bc66f8d
+sha256-linux=70d8e59d9ba0512859bf1de0cb255b27b1bcf9f2d10cf12442762a025887397d
@@ -1 +1 @@
-sha256=e4ee3898b840a8374cb02c64342cc15f8d7ecd1becaf4b4a2a4657290f9e7ff1
+sha256=4eac269f9a59b2f9be4e7a87ea6aa38454f5ebe10ede35c9b8d4218137d2cd35
@@ -1 +1 @@
-sha256=5bdd4c2eadbc41625ae3184fff34062e000d328108436259b2b7c4fe2531ecaf
+sha256=ac8f0faa06d836a37480e290496a46707915b289616416f61982ccd6af2601dc
@@ -70,6 +70,16 @@ s3s-footprint-check: ## Check the s3s dependency footprint ratchet stays frozen
 	@echo "📦 Checking s3s footprint ratchet..."
 	./scripts/check_s3s_footprint.sh

+.PHONY: gateway-stack-release-boundary-check
+gateway-stack-release-boundary-check: ## Check no release build can enable the gateway-stack feature
+	@echo "🚧 Checking gateway-stack release boundary..."
+	./scripts/check_gateway_stack_release_boundary.sh
+
+.PHONY: test-count-ratchet-check
+test-count-ratchet-check: ## Check no workspace crate fell below its test floor or rose above its #[ignore] ceiling in the committed baseline
+	@echo "🧪 Checking per-crate test-count ratchet..."
+	./scripts/check_test_count_ratchet.sh
+
 .PHONY: fips-wording-check
 fips-wording-check: ## Check docs and crates/kms do not over-claim crypto capabilities
 	@echo "📣 Checking cryptographic capability wording guard..."
@@ -20,13 +20,13 @@ planning-docs-check: ## Check that no planning-type documents are committed
 	./scripts/check_no_planning_docs.sh

 .PHONY: pre-commit
-pre-commit: fmt-check unsafe-code-check architecture-migration-check logging-guardrails-check error-other-ratchet-check tokio-io-uring-check extension-schema-check body-cache-whitelist-check s3s-footprint-check fips-wording-check embedded-secrets-check test-wiring-check doc-paths-check planning-docs-check quick-check ## Run fast pre-commit checks without clippy/full tests
+pre-commit: fmt-check unsafe-code-check architecture-migration-check logging-guardrails-check error-other-ratchet-check tokio-io-uring-check extension-schema-check body-cache-whitelist-check s3s-footprint-check gateway-stack-release-boundary-check test-count-ratchet-check fips-wording-check embedded-secrets-check test-wiring-check doc-paths-check planning-docs-check quick-check ## Run fast pre-commit checks without clippy/full tests
 	@echo "✅ All pre-commit checks passed!"

 .PHONY: pre-pr
-pre-pr: fmt-check unsafe-code-check architecture-migration-check logging-guardrails-check error-other-ratchet-check tokio-io-uring-check extension-schema-check body-cache-whitelist-check s3s-footprint-check fips-wording-check embedded-secrets-check test-wiring-check doc-paths-check planning-docs-check log-analyzer-rules-check offline-enrollment-e2e-check clippy-check test ## Run full pre-PR checks with clippy and tests
+pre-pr: fmt-check unsafe-code-check architecture-migration-check logging-guardrails-check error-other-ratchet-check tokio-io-uring-check extension-schema-check body-cache-whitelist-check s3s-footprint-check gateway-stack-release-boundary-check test-count-ratchet-check fips-wording-check embedded-secrets-check test-wiring-check doc-paths-check planning-docs-check log-analyzer-rules-check offline-enrollment-e2e-check clippy-check test ## Run full pre-PR checks with clippy and tests
 	@echo "✅ All pre-PR checks passed!"

 .PHONY: dev-check
-dev-check: fmt-check unsafe-code-check architecture-migration-check logging-guardrails-check error-other-ratchet-check tokio-io-uring-check extension-schema-check body-cache-whitelist-check s3s-footprint-check fips-wording-check embedded-secrets-check test-wiring-check doc-paths-check planning-docs-check quick-check ## Run fast local development checks
+dev-check: fmt-check unsafe-code-check architecture-migration-check logging-guardrails-check error-other-ratchet-check tokio-io-uring-check extension-schema-check body-cache-whitelist-check s3s-footprint-check gateway-stack-release-boundary-check fips-wording-check embedded-secrets-check test-wiring-check doc-paths-check planning-docs-check quick-check ## Run fast local development checks
 	@echo "✅ Fast development checks passed!"
@@ -22,6 +22,14 @@ TEST_THREADS ?= 1
 # differ from CI and .config/nextest.toml test-groups will NOT apply.

 .PHONY: script-tests
+.PHONY: release-package-tests
+release-package-tests: ## Run release package integration on Linux with fpm, dpkg and rpm installed
+	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_release_packages.py
+
+.PHONY: release-image-tests
+release-image-tests: ## Run OCI integration with Docker, Go and skopeo; set RELEASE_IMAGE_VARIANT and RELEASE_IMAGE_OUTPUT
+	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_release_images.py
+
 script-tests: ## Run shell script tests
 	@echo "Running script tests..."
 	trap 'status=$$?; printf "ERROR: script-tests failed (exit %s): %s\n" "$$status" "$$BASH_COMMAND" >&2; exit "$$status"' ERR
@@ -52,10 +60,17 @@ script-tests: ## Run shell script tests
 	./scripts/test_python_bin.sh
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_check_doc_paths.py
 	./scripts/check_embedded_secrets.sh --self-test
+	./scripts/check_s3s_footprint.sh --self-test
+	./scripts/check_gateway_stack_release_boundary.sh --self-test
+	./scripts/test_check_test_count_ratchet.sh
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/check_test_wiring.py --self-test
+	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/codemods/s3_error_to_s3_types.py --self-test
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_e2e_binary.py
+	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_download_release_asset.py
+	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_reference_binary.py
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_inspect_btf_prototypes.py
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_release_build_workflow.py
+	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) -m unittest discover -s scripts/release -p "test_*.py"
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_release_glibc.py
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_upgrade_workflow.py
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_migration_gate_evidence.py
@@ -76,8 +91,10 @@ script-tests: ## Run shell script tests
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_inspect_validation_runner.py
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_retain_validation_evidence.py
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_ci_timing_report.py
+	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/test_junit_diff.py
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/s3-tests/test_report_compat.py
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/s3-tests/test_runner_tools.py
+	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/s3-tests/test_reference_parity.py
 	bash -n ./scripts/validate_object_data_cache_cold_stampede.sh
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/check_object_data_cache_follower_samples.py --self-test
 	./scripts/validate_object_data_cache_cold_stampede.sh --self-test
@@ -356,6 +356,12 @@ threads-required = "num-test-threads"
 filter = 'package(rustfs-ecstore) & test(=store::init::tests::dispatch_manifest_rollback_bounded_concurrency_reaches_tail_behind_slow_member)'
 threads-required = "num-test-threads"

+# These short-deadline real-disk progress probes need the test run's capacity
+# for scanner and object-lock handoffs; keep their assertions and deadlines.
+[[profile.default.overrides]]
+filter = '(package(rustfs-scanner) & (test(=scanner::tests::cycle_persist_failure::later_cycle_post_commit_failure_reloads_durable_state) | test(=scanner::tests::running_main_loop_catches_up_pause_cleared_after_startup_observe))) | (package(rustfs-ecstore) & test(=store::init::tests::restored_transitioned_delete_causally_enqueues_free_version))'
+threads-required = "num-test-threads"
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # ci profile — the strict CI gate (ci.yml `cargo nextest run --profile ci`)
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -424,6 +430,12 @@ threads-required = "num-test-threads"
 filter = 'package(rustfs-scanner) & (test(/^scanner::backlog::tests::native_/) | test(=scanner_folder::tests::mrf_ownership::mrf_ownership_manager_completion_preserves_scanner_pending) | test(/^scanner_io::tests::service_cohort::/))'
 threads-required = "num-test-threads"

+# Keep short-deadline real-disk progress probes from competing with unrelated
+# tests for scanner and object-lock capacity. Assertions and deadlines stay on.
+[[profile.ci.overrides]]
+filter = '(package(rustfs-scanner) & (test(=scanner::tests::cycle_persist_failure::later_cycle_post_commit_failure_reloads_durable_state) | test(=scanner::tests::running_main_loop_catches_up_pause_cleared_after_startup_observe))) | (package(rustfs-ecstore) & test(=store::init::tests::restored_transitioned_delete_causally_enqueues_free_version))'
+threads-required = "num-test-threads"
+
 # Emit this expensive fixture's stage timings in CI and use tmpfs when safe.
 [[profile.ci.overrides]]
 filter = 'package(rustfs-ecstore) & test(=store::init::tests::decommission_durable_ilm_receipt_pagination_fails_closed_on_second_page)'
@@ -698,14 +710,23 @@ test-group = 'ecstore-serial-flaky'
 # the PR-lane e2e coverage for scanner usage snapshots consumed by quota and
 # admin surfaces. It uses the same single-node, random-port, isolated-temp-dir
 # fixture as the existing smoke modules.
+#
+# Dual-stack differential (rustfs/backlog#2740): `dual_stack_differential::`
+# starts two single-node servers from the same binary, one per
+# RUSTFS_S3_STACK value, on random ports with isolated temp dirs, and runs one
+# SDK script covering every operation of `impl S3 for FS` against both. Its
+# comparator unit tests need no server. It meets the admission criteria
+# unchanged; the module clause admits a new differential test without another
+# filter edit.
 [profile.e2e-smoke]
 default-filter = """
    package(e2e_test) & (
-        test(/^(delete_marker_migration_semantics|version_id_regression|list_objects_v2_pagination|list_object_versions_regression|list_objects_duplicates|list_buckets_double_slash|list_buckets_auth|list_buckets_iam_filter|leading_slash_key|special_chars|create_bucket_region|delete_objects_versioning|head_object_consistency|head_object_range|copy_object_metadata|copy_object_tagging|copy_source_invalid_date|content_encoding|compression|multipart_storage_class|multipart_upload_id|storage_class_capability|ssec_copy|anonymous_access|bucket_policy_check|presigned_negative|negative_sigv4|admin_auth|notification_webhook|tls_hot_reload|console_smoke|admin_iam_crud|admin_pools|sts_query_compat|data_usage)_test::|^fake_s3_target::/)
+        test(/^(delete_marker_migration_semantics|version_id_regression|list_objects_v2_pagination|list_object_versions_regression|list_objects_duplicates|list_buckets_double_slash|list_buckets_auth|list_buckets_iam_filter|leading_slash_key|special_chars|create_bucket_region|delete_objects_versioning|head_object_consistency|head_object_range|copy_object_metadata|copy_object_tagging|copy_source_invalid_date|content_encoding|compression|multipart_storage_class|multipart_upload_id|storage_class_capability|ssec_copy|anonymous_access|bucket_policy_check|presigned_negative|negative_sigv4|admin_auth|notification_webhook|tls_hot_reload|console_smoke|admin_iam_crud|admin_pools|sts_query_compat|data_usage|website_stack_interim)_test::|^fake_s3_target::/)
        | test(/^replication_extension_test::(test_replication_check_succeeds_with_remote_target|test_replication_check_rejects_target_without_object_lock|test_set_remote_target_rejects_unversioned_source_bucket|test_replication_check_rejects_unversioned_source_bucket|test_replication_check_rejects_missing_replication_config|test_replication_check_rejects_invalid_bucket|test_set_remote_target_rejects_same_bucket_on_same_deployment|test_set_remote_target_rejects_unversioned_target_bucket|test_set_remote_target_update_requires_arn|test_set_remote_target_update_rejects_missing_target|test_set_remote_target_rejects_invalid_target_url|test_set_remote_target_rejects_self_signed_https_target_without_skip_tls_verify|test_set_remote_target_rejects_private_ca_https_target_without_ca_cert_pem|test_list_remote_targets_rejects_empty_bucket|test_list_remote_targets_rejects_invalid_bucket|test_remove_remote_target_rejects_missing_target|test_remove_remote_target_rejects_missing_arn|test_remove_remote_target_rejects_invalid_bucket|test_remove_remote_target_rejects_target_used_by_replication|test_delete_bucket_replication_removes_remote_target)$/)
        | test(/^reliant::lifecycle::/)
        | test(/^conditional_delete_objects_test::/)
        | test(/^reliant::tiering::/)
+        | test(/^dual_stack_differential::/)
        | test(/^upgrade_compatibility_test::upgrade_write_readiness_tests::/)
        | test(/^on_demand_migration::(get_basic_test::(get_miss_pulls_inline_and_serves_locally_afterwards|head_miss_answers_from_the_source_without_persisting)|interaction_test::test_odm_admin_config_is_redacted_and_status_counts_match_the_source)$/)
    )
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+# Pinned RustFS release used as the "reference" target of parity lanes
+# (.github/workflows/reference-parity.yml). This is the single place that names
+# the reference release; .github/actions/reference-binary resolves, downloads and
+# verifies it, and fails on a missing pin, a missing asset or a digest mismatch.
+#
+# Bumping the reference is a reviewed event: every per-test difference between
+# the candidate and the reference is measured against this exact build.
+#
+# Each sha256 is the value published in the release's SHA256SUMS asset, which
+# matches the digest GitHub reports for the same asset. The action checks both.
+
+schema = 1
+repository = "rustfs/rustfs"
+version = "1.0.5"
+tag = "1.0.5"
+
+[platforms.linux-x86_64-gnu]
+asset = "rustfs-linux-x86_64-gnu-v1.0.5.zip"
+sha256 = "5addae2f74756bf80104d0975e6347cda843bc2daffdfcd1f0cb80118b95cbd0"
+executable = "rustfs"
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+# Targets of the s3-tests reference parity lane (.github/workflows/reference-parity.yml).
+#
+# Exactly one target uses `binary = "reference"` (the release pinned in
+# .config/reference-binary.toml). Every other target uses `binary = "candidate"`
+# (the binary built from the branch under test) and is compared per node id
+# against the reference. All targets run the same harness, test list and server
+# configuration; `env` adds only the target's own RUSTFS_* settings.
+#
+# Adding a target is one more [[targets]] table, for example:
+#
+#   [[targets]]
+#   name = "candidate-gateway"
+#   binary = "candidate"
+#   env = { RUSTFS_S3_STACK = "gateway" }
+
+schema = 1
+
+[[targets]]
+name = "reference"
+binary = "reference"
+
+[[targets]]
+name = "candidate-legacy"
+binary = "candidate"
@@ -0,0 +1,12 @@
+# Tolerated per-test differences of the s3-tests reference parity lane.
+#
+# One entry per line, four fields separated by " | ":
+#
+#   <target> | <pytest node id> | <tracking issue URL> | <reason>
+#
+# <target> is a candidate name from .config/reference-parity-targets.toml, the
+# node id is exactly as the lane prints it (s3tests/functional/test_s3.py::...),
+# and the issue URL is https://github.com/rustfs/<repo>/issues/<number>.
+#
+# Same semantics as scripts/junit_diff.py --allow: an entry whose difference no
+# longer occurs is stale and fails the lane, so remove it when it is fixed.
@@ -1,44 +1,93 @@
 {
  "schema_version": 1,
  "plan_id": "rustfs-release-validation",
-  "description": "Versioned certification plan for every public RustFS release exit (rustfs/backlog#2662, R01). preview, prerelease and stable all require this explicit plan. Scripts/release/release_gate.py fail-closes publication on any missing, duplicate, stale, substituted or non-PASS required item.",
-  "release_types": ["preview", "prerelease", "stable"],
+  "description": "Certification for immutable candidates. All shipped platforms require native identity and startup; stable and prerelease require the pinned upgrade matrix. Linux-only acceptance never authorizes publication.",
+  "release_types": [
+    "preview",
+    "prerelease",
+    "stable"
+  ],
  "targets": [
-    {"os": "linux", "arch": "x86_64", "abi": "musl"},
-    {"os": "linux", "arch": "aarch64", "abi": "musl"},
-    {"os": "linux", "arch": "x86_64", "abi": "gnu"},
-    {"os": "linux", "arch": "aarch64", "abi": "gnu"},
-    {"os": "macos", "arch": "aarch64", "abi": "none"},
-    {"os": "windows", "arch": "x86_64", "abi": "msvc"}
+    {
+      "os": "linux",
+      "arch": "x86_64",
+      "abi": "musl"
+    },
+    {
+      "os": "linux",
+      "arch": "aarch64",
+      "abi": "musl"
+    },
+    {
+      "os": "linux",
+      "arch": "x86_64",
+      "abi": "gnu"
+    },
+    {
+      "os": "linux",
+      "arch": "aarch64",
+      "abi": "gnu"
+    },
+    {
+      "os": "macos",
+      "arch": "aarch64",
+      "abi": "none"
+    },
+    {
+      "os": "windows",
+      "arch": "x86_64",
+      "abi": "msvc"
+    }
  ],
  "targets_basis": "Platform matrix of .github/workflows/build.yml (prepare-platform-matrix). gnu and macOS targets build with the pyroscope feature; musl and Windows targets build with no extra features.",
-  "features": ["pyroscope"],
-  "trusted_workflows": [
-    {"repository": "rustfs/s3chaos", "workflow_id": "release-gate.yml"}
+  "features": [
+    "pyroscope"
  ],
-  "trusted_workflows_basis": "The shared evidence envelope producer lives in rustfs/s3chaos (G01, fault/release_gate.rs) and its plan/live split workflow is .github/workflows/release-gate.yml there. Only results from these identities may enter a release certification; PR-uploaded JSON never gains release authority. R02 must extend this list when additional verifier workflows land, never widen it to untrusted sources.",
+  "trusted_workflows": [
+    {
+      "repository": "rustfs/rustfs",
+      "workflow_id": "release-candidate.yml"
+    },
+    {
+      "repository": "rustfs/rustfs",
+      "workflow_id": "release-complete.yml"
+    }
+  ],
+  "trusted_workflows_basis": "Receipts are produced by the reviewed main workflows and fetched by exact run ID with GitHub artifact digest verification. Candidate inputs freeze the harness commit separately from product source.",
  "lanes": [
    {
      "lane": "identity",
-      "harness_repository": "rustfs/s3chaos",
-      "harness_sha": "9a48f55c1d6d58ce63a8fb1ea7317e024f32f11d",
-      "harness_basis": "Fixed G01 evidence-envelope producer revision (rustfs/s3chaos PR #102 head recorded in rustfs/backlog#2658). R02 re-pins this when the live verifier ships.",
+      "harness_repository": "rustfs/rustfs",
+      "harness_sha": "candidate.workflow_sha",
+      "harness_basis": "The exact workflow commit is frozen in candidate inputs; no mutable branch is accepted as a harness identity.",
      "timeout_seconds": 1800,
-      "environment_capabilities": ["process-exec"],
-      "cases": ["artifact-identity", "startup"],
+      "environment_capabilities": [
+        "process-exec"
+      ],
+      "cases": [
+        "artifact-identity",
+        "startup"
+      ],
      "applies_to": {
-        "release_types": ["preview", "prerelease", "stable"],
+        "release_types": [
+          "preview",
+          "prerelease",
+          "stable"
+        ],
        "platforms": "all"
      },
      "applies_basis": "Artifact identity and startup checks are mandatory for every release type, preview included, on every shipped target (rustfs/backlog#2662 frozen design item 5)."
    },
    {
      "lane": "upgrade",
-      "harness_repository": "rustfs/s3chaos",
-      "harness_sha": "9a48f55c1d6d58ce63a8fb1ea7317e024f32f11d",
-      "harness_basis": "Same fixed envelope producer as the identity lane; the workflow SHA and the product build SHA are bound separately and need not be equal.",
+      "harness_repository": "rustfs/rustfs",
+      "harness_sha": "candidate.workflow_sha",
+      "harness_basis": "The exact workflow commit is frozen in candidate inputs; no mutable branch is accepted as a harness identity.",
      "timeout_seconds": 5400,
-      "environment_capabilities": ["process-exec", "previous-release-artifact"],
+      "environment_capabilities": [
+        "process-exec",
+        "previous-release-artifact"
+      ],
      "cases": [
        "direct-upgrade",
        "mixed-version-upgrade",
@@ -49,8 +98,17 @@
      ],
      "cases_basis": "Case IDs of the pinned previous-release matrix in .github/workflows/e2e-upgrade.yml (source.version/asset/sha256 and the case list mapped there).",
      "applies_to": {
-        "release_types": ["prerelease", "stable"],
-        "platforms": [{"os": "linux", "arch": "x86_64", "abi": "gnu"}]
+        "release_types": [
+          "prerelease",
+          "stable"
+        ],
+        "platforms": [
+          {
+            "os": "linux",
+            "arch": "x86_64",
+            "abi": "gnu"
+          }
+        ]
      },
      "applies_basis": "preview releases use the pre-declared smaller set (identity lane only). The upgrade lane is only exercised on linux-x86_64-gnu, the platform of the pinned source assets."
    }
@@ -0,0 +1,37 @@
+# Files that may still reference s3s (`s3s::` or `s3s_sigv4`) when Phase 1 of
+# the gateway migration ends (rustfs/backlog#2734 task T0.6, rustfs/backlog#2741).
+# Consumed only by `scripts/check_s3s_footprint.sh --mode allowlist`.
+#
+# One entry per line: a repository-relative file path or a git `:(glob)`
+# pathspec. `**` matches across directories, `*` stays within one path
+# component, and a directory entry matches everything under it. Blank lines
+# and lines starting with `#` are ignored; an entry may not contain whitespace,
+# so a note belongs on its own comment line.
+#
+# Every Rust file listed by `git grep -l '\bs3s\(::\|_sigv4\)' -- '*.rs'` that
+# no entry matches fails the allowlist mode. Task T1.9 switches CI to that
+# mode; until then `--dry-run` prints the files still outside this list, which
+# is the Phase 1 tracking list.
+#
+# Never add crates/** other than crates/e2e_test: the engine crates leave s3s
+# entirely, and the script rejects such an entry. Only the s3s-facing edge of
+# the rustfs binary and the e2e oracle keep it.
+
+# rustfs binary: the s3s-facing edge that survives Phase 1
+rustfs/src/storage/ecfs.rs
+rustfs/src/storage/s3_compat/**
+rustfs/src/storage/access.rs
+rustfs/src/auth.rs
+rustfs/src/error.rs
+rustfs/src/storage_api.rs
+rustfs/src/app/storage_api.rs
+rustfs/src/admin/router.rs
+rustfs/src/app/metadata_route.rs
+rustfs/src/server/http.rs
+rustfs/src/server/layer.rs
+rustfs/src/server/hybrid.rs
+rustfs/src/protocols/client.rs
+
+# e2e oracle: the test target that verifies S3 behaviour against s3s
+crates/e2e_test/src/fake_s3_target/**
+crates/e2e_test/src/**
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+# Exact baseline for the direct s3s footprint, consumed only by
+# scripts/check_s3s_footprint.sh (rustfs/backlog#1677; rustfs/backlog#2734 T0.4).
+#
+# Each value is the exact measurement of the tree, not a ceiling. CI fails when a
+# measured counter differs from its line here in either direction:
+#   - a larger measurement means new code widened the s3s surface: route it
+#     through the gateway abstractions instead; never raise a value here;
+#   - a smaller measurement means the PR shrank the surface: lower the matching
+#     value to the measured number in the same PR.
+#
+# files           Rust files referencing s3s paths, repo-wide minus crates/e2e_test
+# s3_error_lines  lines holding s3_error!, same scope, minus those the script
+#                 header's rule clears (rustfs_s3_types's macro); fails closed
+# ecstore_files   Rust files referencing s3s paths under crates/ecstore/src
+files=65
+s3_error_lines=217
+ecstore_files=0
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+# Per-crate test-count baseline consumed by scripts/check_test_count_ratchet.sh
+# (rustfs/backlog#2734 section 1 rule 3; T0.3 in rustfs/backlog#2738).
+#
+# One row per workspace member: <package>, tests, ignored, tab-separated.
+# tests counts #[test], #[tokio::test], #[tokio::test(...)] and #[test_case(...)]
+# attribute lines under the package directory; ignored counts #[ignore] and
+# #[ignore = "..."]. The tests column is a floor and the ignored column is a
+# ceiling: CI fails when a crate's tests fall below its row or its ignored count
+# rises above it. Extra tests and fewer ignores pass; --update tightens the rows.
+# Lowering a tests row or raising an ignored row is a reviewed statement that
+# tests were intentionally removed or ignored; justify it in the PR description.
+# Regenerate with:
+#   scripts/check_test_count_ratchet.sh --update
+e2e_test	1026	20
+rustfs	6440	64
+rustfs-audit	70	0
+rustfs-checksums	28	1
+rustfs-common	36	0
+rustfs-concurrency	87	0
+rustfs-config	43	0
+rustfs-connect-symbol-catalog	6	0
+rustfs-credentials	24	0
+rustfs-crypto	67	0
+rustfs-data-usage	58	0
+rustfs-ecstore	7858	2
+rustfs-extension-schema	23	0
+rustfs-filemeta	361	0
+rustfs-gateway-adapter	36	0
+rustfs-heal	1128	3
+rustfs-heal-contracts	8	0
+rustfs-iam	415	0
+rustfs-io-core	52	0
+rustfs-io-metrics	157	0
+rustfs-keystone	31	0
+rustfs-kms	716	25
+rustfs-license	2	0
+rustfs-lifecycle	156	0
+rustfs-lock	182	0
+rustfs-log-analyzer	91	0
+rustfs-madmin	210	0
+rustfs-notify	140	0
+rustfs-object-capacity	92	0
+rustfs-object-data-cache	141	0
+rustfs-obs	387	0
+rustfs-policy	758	0
+rustfs-protocols	770	1
+rustfs-protos	75	0
+rustfs-replication	209	0
+rustfs-rio	225	1
+rustfs-rio-v2	34	6
+rustfs-s3-client	71	0
+rustfs-s3-ops	8	0
+rustfs-s3-types	105	0
+rustfs-s3select-api	232	0
+rustfs-s3select-query	235	2
+rustfs-scanner	1392	20
+rustfs-scanner-metrics	90	0
+rustfs-security-governance	20	0
+rustfs-signer	34	0
+rustfs-storage-api	34	0
+rustfs-targets	612	26
+rustfs-test-utils	1	0
+rustfs-tls-runtime	44	0
+rustfs-trusted-proxies	72	0
+rustfs-utils	253	1
+rustfs-zip	30	0
+zstd	11	0
@@ -28,11 +28,12 @@ runs:

    - name: Install actionlint
      shell: bash
+      env:
+        GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        ASSET_DOWNLOADER: ${{ github.action_path }}/../setup/download_release_asset.py
      run: |
        actionlint_dir="$(mktemp -d "${RUNNER_TEMP}/actionlint.XXXXXX")"
-        curl --fail --location --silent --show-error \
-          --output "$actionlint_dir/actionlint.tar.gz" \
-          https://github.com/rhysd/actionlint/releases/download/v1.7.12/actionlint_1.7.12_linux_amd64.tar.gz
+        python3 "$ASSET_DOWNLOADER" --repository rhysd/actionlint --tag v1.7.12 --asset actionlint_1.7.12_linux_amd64.tar.gz --output "$actionlint_dir/actionlint.tar.gz" --sha256 8aca8db96f1b94770f1b0d72b6dddcb1ebb8123cb3712530b08cc387b349a3d8
        echo "8aca8db96f1b94770f1b0d72b6dddcb1ebb8123cb3712530b08cc387b349a3d8  $actionlint_dir/actionlint.tar.gz" | sha256sum --check --status
        tar -xzf "$actionlint_dir/actionlint.tar.gz" -C "$actionlint_dir" actionlint
        rm "$actionlint_dir/actionlint.tar.gz"
@@ -96,6 +97,14 @@ runs:
      shell: bash
      run: ./scripts/check_s3s_footprint.sh

+    - name: Check gateway-stack release boundary
+      shell: bash
+      run: ./scripts/check_gateway_stack_release_boundary.sh
+
+    - name: Check per-crate test-count ratchet
+      shell: bash
+      run: ./scripts/check_test_count_ratchet.sh
+
    - name: Check cryptographic capability wording
      shell: bash
      run: ./scripts/check_fips_wording.sh
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+# Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+name: "Reference RustFS binary"
+description: "Download the pinned reference RustFS release, verify its sha256 and expose the executable path. A missing pin, missing asset or digest mismatch fails the step."
+
+inputs:
+  pin-file:
+    description: "Pin file naming the reference release (repository-relative)"
+    required: false
+    default: ".config/reference-binary.toml"
+  platform:
+    description: "Platform table in the pin file"
+    required: false
+    default: "linux-x86_64-gnu"
+  destination:
+    description: "Directory that receives the executable; defaults to $RUNNER_TEMP/reference-binary"
+    required: false
+    default: ""
+
+outputs:
+  path:
+    description: "Absolute path of the verified executable"
+    value: ${{ steps.unpack.outputs.path }}
+  version:
+    description: "Pinned reference version"
+    value: ${{ steps.pin.outputs.version }}
+  sha256:
+    description: "Pinned and verified archive sha256"
+    value: ${{ steps.pin.outputs.sha256 }}
+
+runs:
+  using: "composite"
+  steps:
+    - name: Resolve reference pin
+      id: pin
+      shell: bash
+      env:
+        PIN_TOOL: ${{ github.action_path }}/reference_binary.py
+        PIN_FILE: ${{ inputs.pin-file }}
+        PIN_PLATFORM: ${{ inputs.platform }}
+      run: |
+        set -euo pipefail
+        resolved="$(python3 "$PIN_TOOL" resolve --pin "$PIN_FILE" --platform "$PIN_PLATFORM")"
+        printf '%s\n' "$resolved"
+        printf '%s\n' "$resolved" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+    - name: Download and verify reference archive
+      id: download
+      shell: bash
+      env:
+        GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        ASSET_DOWNLOADER: ${{ github.action_path }}/../setup/download_release_asset.py
+        REF_REPOSITORY: ${{ steps.pin.outputs.repository }}
+        REF_TAG: ${{ steps.pin.outputs.tag }}
+        REF_ASSET: ${{ steps.pin.outputs.asset }}
+        REF_SHA256: ${{ steps.pin.outputs.sha256 }}
+      run: |
+        set -euo pipefail
+        archive="$RUNNER_TEMP/reference-archive/$REF_ASSET"
+        # Fails unless the release lists exactly one asset of this name whose
+        # published digest equals the pin and whose downloaded bytes match it.
+        python3 "$ASSET_DOWNLOADER" --repository "$REF_REPOSITORY" --tag "$REF_TAG" \
+          --asset "$REF_ASSET" --output "$archive" --sha256 "$REF_SHA256"
+        echo "archive=$archive" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+
+    - name: Unpack reference executable
+      id: unpack
+      shell: bash
+      env:
+        PIN_TOOL: ${{ github.action_path }}/reference_binary.py
+        REF_ARCHIVE: ${{ steps.download.outputs.archive }}
+        REF_SHA256: ${{ steps.pin.outputs.sha256 }}
+        REF_EXECUTABLE: ${{ steps.pin.outputs.executable }}
+        REF_DESTINATION: ${{ inputs.destination }}
+      run: |
+        set -euo pipefail
+        destination="${REF_DESTINATION:-$RUNNER_TEMP/reference-binary}"
+        unpacked="$(python3 "$PIN_TOOL" unpack --archive "$REF_ARCHIVE" --sha256 "$REF_SHA256" \
+          --executable "$REF_EXECUTABLE" --destination "$destination")"
+        path="${unpacked#path=}"
+        test -x "$path"
+        echo "Reference executable: $path"
+        "$path" --version
+        echo "path=$path" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
@@ -0,0 +1,144 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+# Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+"""Resolve and unpack the pinned reference RustFS release binary.
+
+`resolve` reads the pin file and prints the selected platform's identity as
+`key=value` lines (GitHub step-output format). `unpack` re-verifies the
+downloaded archive digest against the pin and extracts exactly one executable.
+Every missing or malformed input is a failure; nothing is skipped.
+"""
+
+import argparse
+import hashlib
+from pathlib import Path
+import re
+import sys
+import tomllib
+import zipfile
+
+REPOSITORY = re.compile(r"[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9_.-]*/[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9_.-]*")
+TAG = re.compile(r"[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9_.+-]*")
+PLATFORM = re.compile(r"[a-z0-9][a-z0-9_-]*")
+ASSET = re.compile(r"[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9_.+-]*\.zip")
+SHA256 = re.compile(r"[0-9a-f]{64}")
+EXECUTABLE = re.compile(r"[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9_.-]*")
+MAX_EXECUTABLE_BYTES = 1024 * 1024 * 1024
+
+
+class PinError(Exception):
+    """A pin, archive or argument that cannot be trusted."""
+
+
+def field(table, key, pattern, where):
+    value = table.get(key)
+    if not isinstance(value, str) or not pattern.fullmatch(value):
+        raise PinError(f"{where}: missing or invalid '{key}'")
+    return value
+
+
+def resolve(pin_path, platform):
+    if not PLATFORM.fullmatch(platform or ""):
+        raise PinError("invalid platform name")
+    try:
+        data = tomllib.loads(Path(pin_path).read_text(encoding="utf-8"))
+    except FileNotFoundError as exc:
+        raise PinError(f"{pin_path}: reference pin file is missing") from exc
+    except (OSError, UnicodeDecodeError, tomllib.TOMLDecodeError) as exc:
+        raise PinError(f"{pin_path}: cannot read reference pin: {exc}") from exc
+    if data.get("schema") != 1 or type(data.get("schema")) is not int:
+        raise PinError(f"{pin_path}: unsupported pin schema")
+    identity = {
+        "repository": field(data, "repository", REPOSITORY, pin_path),
+        "version": field(data, "version", TAG, pin_path),
+        "tag": field(data, "tag", TAG, pin_path),
+    }
+    platforms = data.get("platforms")
+    if not isinstance(platforms, dict) or not platforms:
+        raise PinError(f"{pin_path}: no pinned platforms")
+    entry = platforms.get(platform)
+    if not isinstance(entry, dict):
+        raise PinError(f"{pin_path}: no pin for platform '{platform}'")
+    where = f"{pin_path} [platforms.{platform}]"
+    identity["asset"] = field(entry, "asset", ASSET, where)
+    identity["sha256"] = field(entry, "sha256", SHA256, where)
+    identity["executable"] = field(entry, "executable", EXECUTABLE, where)
+    if identity["version"] not in identity["asset"]:
+        raise PinError(f"{where}: asset name does not carry version {identity['version']}")
+    unknown = set(entry) - {"asset", "sha256", "executable"}
+    if unknown:
+        raise PinError(f"{where}: unknown keys {sorted(unknown)}")
+    return identity
+
+
+def file_sha256(path):
+    with open(path, "rb") as stream:
+        return hashlib.file_digest(stream, "sha256").hexdigest()
+
+
+def unpack(archive, sha256, executable, destination):
+    if not SHA256.fullmatch(sha256 or "") or not EXECUTABLE.fullmatch(executable or ""):
+        raise PinError("invalid expected digest or executable name")
+    try:
+        actual = file_sha256(archive)
+    except OSError as exc:
+        raise PinError(f"{archive}: reference archive is missing or unreadable") from exc
+    if actual != sha256:
+        raise PinError(f"{archive}: sha256 {actual} does not match the pinned digest")
+    try:
+        with zipfile.ZipFile(archive) as bundle:
+            matches = [info for info in bundle.infolist() if info.filename == executable]
+            if len(matches) != 1:
+                raise PinError(f"{archive}: must contain exactly one top-level '{executable}'")
+            info = matches[0]
+            if info.is_dir() or not 0 < info.file_size <= MAX_EXECUTABLE_BYTES:
+                raise PinError(f"{archive}: '{executable}' is not a plausible executable")
+            destination = Path(destination)
+            destination.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+            target = destination / executable
+            with bundle.open(info) as source, open(target, "wb") as sink:
+                while chunk := source.read(1024 * 1024):
+                    sink.write(chunk)
+    except zipfile.BadZipFile as exc:
+        raise PinError(f"{archive}: not a valid zip archive") from exc
+    target.chmod(0o755)
+    return target
+
+
+def main(argv=None):
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__.splitlines()[0])
+    sub = parser.add_subparsers(dest="mode", required=True)
+    res = sub.add_parser("resolve")
+    res.add_argument("--pin", required=True)
+    res.add_argument("--platform", required=True)
+    unp = sub.add_parser("unpack")
+    unp.add_argument("--archive", required=True)
+    unp.add_argument("--sha256", required=True)
+    unp.add_argument("--executable", required=True)
+    unp.add_argument("--destination", required=True)
+    args = parser.parse_args(argv)
+    try:
+        if args.mode == "resolve":
+            for key, value in resolve(args.pin, args.platform).items():
+                print(f"{key}={value}")
+        else:
+            print(f"path={unpack(args.archive, args.sha256, args.executable, args.destination)}")
+    except PinError as exc:
+        print(f"reference binary: {exc}", file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    sys.exit(main())
@@ -66,10 +66,7 @@ inputs:
 runs:
  using: "composite"
  steps:
-    # protobuf-compiler is deliberately absent: the setup-protoc step below
-    # installs 35.1 into the tool cache and prepends it to PATH, so the apt
-    # build (older, and never version-matched) was shadowed on every run and
-    # simply never used.
+    # Use the pinned code generators rather than Ubuntu's older packages.
    - name: Install system dependencies (Ubuntu)
      if: runner.os == 'Linux'
      shell: bash
@@ -79,7 +76,9 @@ runs:
          build-essential \
          pkg-config \
          libssl-dev \
-          ripgrep
+          ripgrep \
+          python3 \
+          gh

    # musl-gcc is needed by the native musl release leg, and zip/unzip by the
    # release packaging steps. No CI test lane touches any of them.
@@ -88,13 +87,32 @@ runs:
      shell: bash
      run: sudo apt-get install -y musl-tools zip unzip

+    - name: Install pinned code generators through GitHub API (Linux x64)
+      if: runner.os == 'Linux' && runner.arch == 'X64'
+      shell: bash
+      env:
+        GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        ASSET_DOWNLOADER: ${{ github.action_path }}/download_release_asset.py
+      run: |
+        python3 "$ASSET_DOWNLOADER" --repository protocolbuffers/protobuf --tag v35.1 --asset protoc-35.1-linux-x86_64.zip --output "$RUNNER_TEMP/protoc.zip"
+        python3 "$ASSET_DOWNLOADER" --repository google/flatbuffers --tag v25.12.19 --asset 'Linux.flatc.binary.g++-13.zip' --output "$RUNNER_TEMP/flatc.zip"
+        python3 -m zipfile -e "$RUNNER_TEMP/protoc.zip" "$RUNNER_TEMP/protoc"
+        python3 -m zipfile -e "$RUNNER_TEMP/flatc.zip" "$RUNNER_TEMP/flatc"
+        chmod +x "$RUNNER_TEMP/protoc/bin/protoc" "$RUNNER_TEMP/flatc/flatc"
+        "$RUNNER_TEMP/protoc/bin/protoc" --version
+        "$RUNNER_TEMP/flatc/flatc" --version
+        echo "$RUNNER_TEMP/protoc/bin" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+        echo "$RUNNER_TEMP/flatc" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
+
    - name: Install protoc
+      if: runner.os != 'Linux' || runner.arch != 'X64'
      uses: rustfs/setup-protoc@a3705324d8f9bf5b6c3573fb6cf8ae421db55dd6 # v3.0.1
      with:
        version: "35.1"
        repo-token: ${{ github.token }}

    - name: Install flatc
+      if: runner.os != 'Linux' || runner.arch != 'X64'
      uses: Nugine/setup-flatc@698800de72a96bfb22cf60431dc21a2ff9a7e07b # v1
      with:
        version: "25.12.19"
@@ -0,0 +1,84 @@
+#!/usr/bin/env python3
+"""Download a named GitHub release asset through its API and verify its digest."""
+
+import argparse
+import hashlib
+import json
+from pathlib import Path
+import re
+import subprocess
+import sys
+import tempfile
+from urllib.parse import quote
+
+
+def download(repository, tag, name, output, expected_sha256=None):
+    if not re.fullmatch(r"[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9_.-]*/[A-Za-z0-9][A-Za-z0-9_.-]*", repository):
+        raise ValueError("invalid release repository")
+    if not tag or not name or "/" in name or "\\" in name:
+        raise ValueError("invalid release tag or asset name")
+    if expected_sha256 is not None and not re.fullmatch(r"[0-9a-f]{64}", expected_sha256):
+        raise ValueError("invalid pinned asset digest")
+    result = subprocess.run(
+        ["gh", "api", "--hostname", "github.com", f"repos/{repository}/releases/tags/{quote(tag, safe='')}"],
+        check=True, capture_output=True, text=True, timeout=60,
+    )
+    release = json.loads(result.stdout)
+    if not isinstance(release, dict) or release.get("tag_name") != tag:
+        raise ValueError("release metadata does not match the requested tag")
+    assets = release.get("assets")
+    if not isinstance(assets, list) or any(not isinstance(asset, dict) for asset in assets):
+        raise ValueError("invalid release asset inventory")
+    matches = [asset for asset in assets if asset.get("name") == name]
+    if len(matches) != 1:
+        raise ValueError("release must contain exactly one named asset")
+    asset = matches[0]
+    asset_id, size, digest = asset.get("id"), asset.get("size"), asset.get("digest")
+    if type(asset_id) is not int or asset_id <= 0 or type(size) is not int or not 0 < size <= 512 * 1024 * 1024:
+        raise ValueError("invalid release asset identity or size")
+    if not isinstance(digest, str) or not re.fullmatch(r"sha256:[0-9a-f]{64}", digest):
+        raise ValueError("release asset has no valid SHA-256 digest")
+    sha256 = digest.removeprefix("sha256:")
+    if expected_sha256 is not None and expected_sha256 != sha256:
+        raise ValueError("release digest differs from the pinned digest")
+    output = Path(output)
+    output.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)
+    temporary = None
+    try:
+        with tempfile.NamedTemporaryFile(dir=output.parent, prefix=".release-asset-", delete=False) as stream:
+            temporary = Path(stream.name)
+            # gh authenticates to the API; its HTTP client strips credentials on
+            # cross-host redirects. No browser URL or token is supplied in argv.
+            subprocess.run(
+                ["gh", "api", "--hostname", "github.com", "--header", "Accept: application/octet-stream", f"repos/{repository}/releases/assets/{asset_id}"],
+                check=True, stdout=stream, timeout=300,
+            )
+        with temporary.open("rb") as stream:
+            actual = hashlib.file_digest(stream, "sha256").hexdigest()
+        if temporary.stat().st_size != size or actual != sha256:
+            raise ValueError("downloaded release asset failed size or SHA-256 verification")
+        temporary.replace(output)
+        print(f"Verified release asset: {repository} {tag} {name} sha256={actual}")
+    finally:
+        if temporary is not None:
+            temporary.unlink(missing_ok=True)
+
+
+def main():
+    parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(description=__doc__)
+    parser.add_argument("--repository", required=True)
+    parser.add_argument("--tag", required=True)
+    parser.add_argument("--asset", required=True)
+    parser.add_argument("--output", required=True, type=Path)
+    parser.add_argument("--sha256")
+    args = parser.parse_args()
+    try:
+        download(args.repository, args.tag, args.asset, args.output, args.sha256)
+    except (ValueError, KeyError, TypeError, json.JSONDecodeError, subprocess.SubprocessError, OSError) as error:
+        print(f"Release asset download failed: {error}", file=sys.stderr)
+        return 1
+    return 0
+
+
+if __name__ == "__main__":
+    raise SystemExit(main())
@@ -350,10 +350,10 @@
      "roles": [
        "periodic",
        "manual",
-        "release"
+        "reusable"
      ],
      "events": [
-        "push",
+        "workflow_call",
        "schedule",
        "workflow_dispatch"
      ],
@@ -367,7 +367,7 @@
      "monitor": "workflow",
      "max_age_hours": 36,
      "result_owner": "build.yml",
-      "disposition": "retained independent entry",
+      "disposition": "Builds artifacts only; public release writes belong to release-publish.yml.",
      "failure_owner": "workflow",
      "origin": "baseline",
      "alert_contract": "scheduled-validation"
@@ -745,14 +745,13 @@
    },
    {
      "workflow": ".github/workflows/docker.yml",
-      "name": "Docker Images",
+      "name": "Build candidate images",
      "roles": [
-        "manual",
-        "release"
+        "release",
+        "reusable"
      ],
      "events": [
-        "workflow_run",
-        "workflow_dispatch"
+        "workflow_call"
      ],
      "cadence": "event",
      "timezone": "UTC",
@@ -761,7 +760,7 @@
      "policy": "active",
      "monitor": "none",
      "result_owner": "docker.yml",
-      "disposition": "retained independent entry",
+      "disposition": "Builds artifacts only; public release writes belong to release-publish.yml.",
      "monitor_reason": "Event-driven or operator-requested work has no periodic freshness obligation.",
      "origin": "baseline"
    },
@@ -870,6 +869,33 @@
      "failure_owner": "watchdog",
      "origin": "baseline"
    },
+    {
+      "workflow": ".github/workflows/reference-parity.yml",
+      "name": "Reference Parity",
+      "roles": [
+        "pr",
+        "periodic",
+        "manual"
+      ],
+      "events": [
+        "pull_request",
+        "schedule",
+        "workflow_dispatch"
+      ],
+      "cadence": "nightly",
+      "timezone": "UTC",
+      "schedule": [
+        "37 1 * * *"
+      ],
+      "owner": "@overtrue",
+      "policy": "active",
+      "monitor": "workflow",
+      "max_age_hours": 36,
+      "result_owner": "reference-parity.yml",
+      "disposition": "s3-tests per-node-id parity of branch candidates against the pinned reference release",
+      "failure_owner": "watchdog",
+      "origin": "added"
+    },
    {
      "workflow": ".github/workflows/functional-chain-health.yml",
      "name": "Functional chain health",
@@ -954,14 +980,13 @@
    },
    {
      "workflow": ".github/workflows/helm-package.yml",
-      "name": "Publish helm chart to artifacthub",
+      "name": "Build candidate Helm chart",
      "roles": [
-        "manual",
-        "release"
+        "release",
+        "reusable"
      ],
      "events": [
-        "workflow_run",
-        "workflow_dispatch"
+        "workflow_call"
      ],
      "cadence": "event",
      "timezone": "UTC",
@@ -970,7 +995,7 @@
      "policy": "active",
      "monitor": "none",
      "result_owner": "helm-package.yml",
-      "disposition": "retained independent entry",
+      "disposition": "Builds artifacts only; public release writes belong to release-publish.yml.",
      "monitor_reason": "Event-driven or operator-requested work has no periodic freshness obligation.",
      "origin": "baseline"
    },
@@ -1182,14 +1207,13 @@
    },
    {
      "workflow": ".github/workflows/package.yml",
-      "name": "Package DEB/RPM",
+      "name": "Build candidate packages",
      "roles": [
-        "manual",
-        "release"
+        "release",
+        "reusable"
      ],
      "events": [
-        "workflow_run",
-        "workflow_dispatch"
+        "workflow_call"
      ],
      "cadence": "event",
      "timezone": "UTC",
@@ -1198,7 +1222,7 @@
      "policy": "active",
      "monitor": "none",
      "result_owner": "package.yml",
-      "disposition": "retained independent entry",
+      "disposition": "Builds artifacts only; public release writes belong to release-publish.yml.",
      "monitor_reason": "Event-driven or operator-requested work has no periodic freshness obligation.",
      "origin": "baseline"
    },
@@ -1727,6 +1751,69 @@
      "disposition": "retained independent entry",
      "monitor_reason": "Event-driven or operator-requested work has no periodic freshness obligation.",
      "origin": "baseline"
+    },
+    {
+      "workflow": ".github/workflows/release-candidate.yml",
+      "name": "Release candidate (Linux)",
+      "roles": [
+        "manual",
+        "release"
+      ],
+      "events": [
+        "workflow_dispatch"
+      ],
+      "cadence": "event",
+      "timezone": "UTC",
+      "schedule": [],
+      "owner": "@overtrue",
+      "policy": "active",
+      "monitor": "none",
+      "result_owner": "release-candidate.yml",
+      "disposition": "Explicit immutable candidate stage",
+      "monitor_reason": "Operator-requested release stage has no periodic freshness obligation.",
+      "origin": "release-candidate-migration"
+    },
+    {
+      "workflow": ".github/workflows/release-complete.yml",
+      "name": "Release candidate (complete)",
+      "roles": [
+        "manual",
+        "release"
+      ],
+      "events": [
+        "workflow_dispatch"
+      ],
+      "cadence": "event",
+      "timezone": "UTC",
+      "schedule": [],
+      "owner": "@overtrue",
+      "policy": "active",
+      "monitor": "none",
+      "result_owner": "release-complete.yml",
+      "disposition": "Explicit immutable candidate stage",
+      "monitor_reason": "Operator-requested release stage has no periodic freshness obligation.",
+      "origin": "release-candidate-migration"
+    },
+    {
+      "workflow": ".github/workflows/release-publish.yml",
+      "name": "Publish accepted release",
+      "roles": [
+        "manual",
+        "release"
+      ],
+      "events": [
+        "workflow_dispatch"
+      ],
+      "cadence": "event",
+      "timezone": "UTC",
+      "schedule": [],
+      "owner": "@overtrue",
+      "policy": "active",
+      "monitor": "none",
+      "result_owner": "release-publish.yml",
+      "disposition": "Explicit immutable candidate stage",
+      "monitor_reason": "Operator-requested release stage has no periodic freshness obligation.",
+      "origin": "release-candidate-migration"
    }
  ]
 }
@@ -5,7 +5,7 @@

 ## Billing facts

-This repository is public. For a public repository, GitHub's standard hosted runners (`ubuntu-latest`, `windows-latest`, `macos-latest`) cost nothing and have no minute cap, whatever plan the organisation is on. GitHub bills only two things: larger hosted runners, which have custom labels and are not used here, and standard runners in private repositories.
+This repository is public. For a public repository, GitHub's standard hosted runners (`ubuntu-latest`, `windows-latest`, `macos-latest`) cost nothing and have no minute cap, whatever plan the organisation is on. GitHub bills only two things: larger hosted runners, including the `macos-latest-xlarge` release lane used here, and standard runners in private repositories.

 Every other label in this repository is capacity RustFS pays for. ARC pods and lab machines accrue cost while the machine exists. A Ubicloud label is metered for the minutes a job holds its VM:

@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ Every other label in this repository is capacity RustFS pays for. ARC pods and l
 |---|---|---|---|
 | `ubuntu-latest` | nobody | GitHub-hosted, Ubuntu 24.04, 4 vCPU, 16 GB RAM, about 14 GB of free disk. Ships a C toolchain, `docker`, `gh`, `curl`, `wget`, `jq`, Python. Can `mount` tmpfs and loop devices; io_uring works | the default for every job |
 | `windows-latest`, `macos-latest` | nobody | GitHub-hosted standard runners | Windows and macOS targets |
+| `macos-latest-xlarge` | RustFS | GitHub-hosted larger Apple Silicon runner | macOS release builds, deferred until Linux acceptance for candidates |
 | `sm-standard-2` | RustFS | ARC pod, Ubuntu 24.04, minimal image: no `gh`, no C toolchain; Docker only on the `dind-` label | only a job that a hosted runner cannot run (see the placement rule) |
 | `sm-standard-4` | RustFS | ARC pod, Ubuntu 24.04, 14 CPUs and 28 GB (the label is not the core count), large disk | workspace-scale Cargo builds |
 | `ubicloud-standard-16-arm` | RustFS | Ubicloud VM, alias of `ubicloud-standard-16-arm-ubuntu-2404`: Ubuntu 24.04 arm64, 16 vCPU, 48 GB, 300 GB disk. Reached through the `build.yml` matrix, so `actionlint.yaml` does not list it | native aarch64 release builds (`linux-aarch64-musl`, `linux-aarch64-gnu`) |
@@ -32,7 +33,7 @@ A job runs on `ubuntu-latest` unless it has one of these reasons, and the reason

 Jobs that do only the following have no reason to be self-hosted: shell or Python scripts, `cargo fmt`, `cargo deny`, typos, actionlint, API calls (`gh`, dependency review, issue and stale bots, CLA checks), downloading an artifact and running a prebuilt binary, or a `cargo build -p rustfs` with its own cache key. `e2e-distributed.yml` and `e2e-upgrade.yml` build the server and the `e2e_test` harness on `ubuntu-latest` inside their budgets, so "it compiles something" alone is not a reason.

-The functional chain's `prepare` and `complete-chain` jobs, the performance runner availability check, and runner hygiene use `ubuntu-latest`: they inspect APIs or artifacts, not the lab hosts. The actual functional and performance suites remain on their lab runners. Functional-chain health collection uses `ubuntu-latest` so a lab outage cannot also stop its independent monitor. Docker image packaging also uses `ubuntu-latest` for both musl and glibc variants; it downloads release binaries rather than compiling the workspace, and still sets up QEMU and Buildx explicitly.
+The functional chain's `prepare` and `complete-chain` jobs, the performance runner availability check, and runner hygiene use `ubuntu-latest`: they inspect APIs or artifacts, not the lab hosts. The actual functional and performance suites remain on their lab runners. Functional-chain health collection uses `ubuntu-latest` so a lab outage cannot also stop its independent monitor. Docker image packaging also uses `ubuntu-latest` for both musl and glibc variants; it wraps verified candidate binaries rather than compiling the workspace, and still sets up QEMU and Buildx explicitly.

 Moving these jobs off AKS reduces capacity demand, not necessarily the Azure bill immediately. VM costs fall only when nodes scale down or smaller capacity replaces them.

@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ A hosted runner is also the only choice for a few things the pods cannot do: `mo
 These are the patterns that have cost real money here without validating anything more:

 - An `if: always()` summary or alert job on a self-hosted label inside a `workflow_run`-triggered workflow. The upstream workflow completes many times a day, the real jobs skip, and the summary still starts a pod each time. Gate it on the upstream job having run, and keep it on `ubuntu-latest`.
- Per-push workflows on `main`. A merge triggers the full `ci.yml` matrix, `cache-warm.yml` and the `build.yml` development build; with tens of merges a day that is as much self-hosted time as all pull requests together. Anything that does not verify the merged tree itself belongs on a schedule or behind a `paths` filter.
+- Per-push workflows on `main`. A merge triggers the applicable `ci.yml` matrix and cache warming; `build.yml` development builds are scheduled or manual; with tens of merges a day that is as much self-hosted time as all pull requests together. Anything that does not verify the merged tree itself belongs on a schedule or behind a `paths` filter.
 - `apt-get install` of tools the hosted image already ships. It is only needed on the minimal pod images.
 - A throttled `CARGO_BUILD_JOBS` on a 14-CPU pod. The limit exists for link-storm reasons documented in `ci.yml`; measure before raising it, and measure before lowering it further.
 - Tiny jobs on ARC pods. Each one pays roughly a minute of pod start-up before its first step; a compile-free job that takes ten seconds costs more to schedule than to run.
@@ -66,7 +67,7 @@ gh api "repos/rustfs/rustfs/actions/runs/<run_id>/jobs?per_page=100" \
  --jq '.jobs[] | "\(.conclusion)\t\(.labels | join(","))\t\(.started_at)\t\(.completed_at)\t\(.name)"'
 ```

-Only rows whose label starts with `sm-`, `dind-`, `ubicloud-`, `smoke-` or `pf-` cost anything. At the October 2026 review, a full pull-request run of `ci.yml` spent about 150 self-hosted minutes, a third of it in jobs that never compiled; treat that as the scale of what a placement mistake costs, not as a current figure.
+Rows using `macos-latest-xlarge` or a label starting with `sm-`, `dind-`, `ubicloud-`, `smoke-` or `pf-` use paid capacity. At the October 2026 review, a full pull-request run of `ci.yml` spent about 150 self-hosted minutes, a third of it in jobs that never compiled; treat that as the scale of what a placement mistake costs, not as a current figure.

 ## Checklist for a new or moved job

@@ -76,3 +77,9 @@ Only rows whose label starts with `sm-`, `dind-`, `ubicloud-`, `smoke-` or `pf-`
 - A self-hosted `runs-on` carries a comment naming its reason from the placement rule.
 - Every `./.github/actions/setup` call states `cache-save-if`, and a key read from one pool is not written from the other.
 - Moving a job does not change its check name, so the `main` ruleset and `docs/testing/ci-gates.md` stay as they are; renaming it does, and then that document's change checklist applies.
+
+## Release stages
+
+The [candidate release pipeline](../../docs/operations/release-pipeline.md) builds Linux first and defers paid desktop capacity until acceptance. Daily development builds also select Linux; use manual platform selection for desktop development artifacts. All six platforms remain required before publication. The pipeline records and promotes the exact tested bytes. Builder workflows have no public-release credentials. Keep periodic development builds, PR verification and field-test chains separate when their contracts differ; do not re-enable disabled workflows as part of a source-file migration.
+
+Larger runners remain billed for public repositories; see [GitHub runner billing](https://docs.github.com/en/actions/concepts/runners/larger-runners#billing). Actual spending comes from organization billing, not runner labels or an estimated build duration.
@@ -23,9 +23,16 @@ on:
      - 'deny.toml'
      - '.github/actions/**'
      - '.github/workflows/**'
-      - 'scripts/release/create_or_update_release.sh'
-      - 'scripts/release/package_service_scripts.sh'
-      - 'scripts/release/package_versions.sh'
+      - 'scripts/release/**'
+      - 'scripts/security/generate_release_supply_chain_assets.py'
+      - '.config/release-validation-plan.json'
+      - '.github/scheduled-validations.json'
+      - 'scripts/test_helm_release_workflow.py'
+      - 'scripts/test_release_packages.py'
+      - 'scripts/test_release_images.py'
+      - 'Dockerfile*'
+      - 'entrypoint.sh'
+      - 'bootstrap/**'
      - 'scripts/test_package_service_scripts.sh'
      - 'scripts/test_package_versions.sh'
      - 'scripts/test_docker_workflow.py'
@@ -41,9 +48,16 @@ on:
      - 'deny.toml'
      - '.github/actions/**'
      - '.github/workflows/**'
-      - 'scripts/release/create_or_update_release.sh'
-      - 'scripts/release/package_service_scripts.sh'
-      - 'scripts/release/package_versions.sh'
+      - 'scripts/release/**'
+      - 'scripts/security/generate_release_supply_chain_assets.py'
+      - '.config/release-validation-plan.json'
+      - '.github/scheduled-validations.json'
+      - 'scripts/test_helm_release_workflow.py'
+      - 'scripts/test_release_packages.py'
+      - 'scripts/test_release_images.py'
+      - 'Dockerfile*'
+      - 'entrypoint.sh'
+      - 'bootstrap/**'
      - 'scripts/test_package_service_scripts.sh'
      - 'scripts/test_package_versions.sh'
      - 'scripts/test_docker_workflow.py'
@@ -132,12 +146,38 @@ jobs:
    if: github.repository == 'rustfs/rustfs' && (github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.action != 'closed')
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
    timeout-minutes: 5
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      actions: read
+    outputs:
+      release_changed: ${{ steps.scope.outputs.release_changed }}
    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
          persist-credentials: false

+      - name: Scope native packaging checks to release changes
+        id: scope
+        env:
+          BASE_SHA: ${{ github.event.pull_request.base.sha || github.event.before }}
+        run: |
+          python3 - <<'PY'
+          import os, re, subprocess
+          event, base = os.environ['GITHUB_EVENT_NAME'], os.environ.get('BASE_SHA', '')
+          changed = event == 'workflow_dispatch'
+          if event in ('push', 'pull_request'):
+              if not re.fullmatch(r'[0-9a-f]{40}', base) or base == '0' * 40:
+                  changed = True
+              else:
+                  paths = subprocess.check_output(['git', 'diff', '--name-only', base, os.environ['GITHUB_SHA']], text=True).splitlines()
+                  pattern = r'^(scripts/release/|scripts/test_release_|Dockerfile|entrypoint.sh$|bootstrap/|\.dockerignore$|\.config/release-validation-plan.json$|\.github/workflows/(audit|build|docker|package|helm-package|release-[^.]+)\.yml$)'
+                  changed = any(re.match(pattern, path) for path in paths)
+          with open(os.environ['GITHUB_OUTPUT'], 'a') as output:
+              output.write(f'release_changed={str(changed).lower()}\n')
+          PY
+
      - name: Report unpinned GitHub Actions
        run: ./scripts/security/check_workflow_pins.sh --enforce

@@ -150,8 +190,35 @@ jobs:
      - name: Check checkouts clear their credentials
        run: ./scripts/security/check_persist_credentials.sh

-      - name: Check preview release workflow policy
-        run: ./scripts/security/check_preview_release_workflow.sh
+      - name: Check release candidate and promotion contracts
+        run: python3 -m unittest discover -s scripts/release -p 'test_*.py'
+
+      - name: Prepare artifact transport rehearsal
+        run: |
+          mkdir -p "$RUNNER_TEMP/release-transport"
+          printf '{"purpose":"transport contract, not release evidence"}\n' > "$RUNNER_TEMP/release-transport/transport.json"
+
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: release-transport-contract-${{ github.run_attempt }}
+          path: ${{ runner.temp }}/release-transport/transport.json
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 1
+
+      - name: Verify actual GitHub artifact metadata and downloaded bytes
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        run: |
+          python3 - <<'PY'
+          import os, sys
+          from pathlib import Path
+          sys.path.insert(0, 'scripts/release')
+          import candidate as c
+          run = c.github(f"repos/{c.REPOSITORY}/actions/runs/{os.environ['GITHUB_RUN_ID']}")
+          destination = Path(os.environ['RUNNER_TEMP']) / 'release-transport-downloaded'
+          c.download_artifact(run, f"release-transport-contract-{os.environ['GITHUB_RUN_ATTEMPT']}", destination)
+          c.require(c.read_json(destination / 'transport.json') == {'purpose': 'transport contract, not release evidence'}, 'artifact round trip changed')
+          PY

      - name: Check tier evidence workflow isolation
        run: ./scripts/security/check_tier_artifact_workflow.sh
@@ -162,6 +229,80 @@ jobs:
      - name: Check package service lifecycle contract
        run: ./scripts/test_package_service_scripts.sh

+  release-package-contract:
+    name: Release package contract
+    needs: workflow-pin-report
+    if: needs.workflow-pin-report.outputs.release_changed == 'true'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 15
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Install real package managers
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y ruby ruby-dev build-essential rpm fakeroot cpio
+          sudo gem install fpm --version 1.17.0 --no-document
+      - name: Exercise accepted and substituted payloads through both recipes
+        run: python3 scripts/test_release_packages.py
+
+  release-image-contract:
+    name: Release image contract (${{ matrix.variant }})
+    needs: workflow-pin-report
+    if: needs.workflow-pin-report.outputs.release_changed == 'true'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 35
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        variant: [musl, gnu]
+    env:
+      RELEASE_IMAGE_VARIANT: ${{ matrix.variant }}
+      NO_PROXY: 127.0.0.1,localhost,::1
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Install OCI tools
+        run: |
+          echo "RELEASE_IMAGE_OUTPUT=$RUNNER_TEMP/image-contract" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          echo 'no_proxy=127.0.0.1,localhost,::1' >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y skopeo
+          go version
+      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@c7c53464625b32c7a7e944ae62b3e17d2b600130 # v3
+      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@8d2750c68a42422c14e847fe6c8ac0403b4cbd6f # v3
+      - name: Exercise real OCI packaging, startup, registry retry and conflicts
+        run: python3 scripts/test_release_images.py
+      - name: Exercise amd64 OCI archive scanning
+        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@ed142fd0673e97e23eac54620cfb913e5ce36c25
+        env:
+          TRIVY_PLATFORM: linux/amd64
+        with:
+          input: ${{ runner.temp }}/image-contract-scan/image-${{ matrix.variant }}-amd64.tar
+          format: sarif
+          output: ${{ runner.temp }}/image-contract/scan-${{ matrix.variant }}-amd64.sarif
+          exit-code: "0"
+      - name: Exercise arm64 OCI archive scanning
+        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@ed142fd0673e97e23eac54620cfb913e5ce36c25
+        env:
+          TRIVY_PLATFORM: linux/arm64
+        with:
+          input: ${{ runner.temp }}/image-contract-scan/image-${{ matrix.variant }}-arm64.tar
+          format: sarif
+          output: ${{ runner.temp }}/image-contract/scan-${{ matrix.variant }}-arm64.sarif
+          exit-code: "0"
+      - name: Verify scan receipts before recording the archive
+        run: |
+          python3 - <<'PY'
+          import os, sys
+          from pathlib import Path
+          sys.path.insert(0, 'scripts/release')
+          import deliver, test_candidate
+          deliver.image_record(test_candidate.inputs(), os.environ['RELEASE_IMAGE_VARIANT'], Path(os.environ['RELEASE_IMAGE_OUTPUT']))
+          PY
+
  dependency-review:
    name: Dependency Review
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ name: Continuous Integration

 on:
  push:
-    branches: [ main ]
+    # gateway/integration receives the daily merge of main as a direct push
+    # (rustfs/backlog#2734), so its pushes must prove the result like main's.
+    branches: [ main, gateway/integration ]
    paths-ignore:
      - "**.md"
      - "docs/**"
@@ -113,7 +115,7 @@ jobs:
            printf '%s\n' 'mode=full' >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
            echo "Base CI policy unavailable; running the full matrix."
          fi
-          if ! grep -q '^plan=' "$GITHUB_OUTPUT" || ! grep -q '^plan_contract=3$' "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"; then
+          if ! grep -q '^plan=' "$GITHUB_OUTPUT" || ! grep -q '^plan_contract=4$' "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"; then
            printf '%s\n' 'mode=full' 'connect=true' 'full_validation=true' 'rehearse_shards=false' 'packages=' 'plan=' >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
            echo "Base policy does not cover this workflow contract; retaining the full matrix."
          fi
@@ -142,15 +144,23 @@ jobs:
      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
        with:
          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Install pinned typos through GitHub API
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+          TYPOS_VERSION: 1.50.2
+        run: |
+          python3 .github/actions/setup/download_release_asset.py --repository crate-ci/typos --tag "v${TYPOS_VERSION}" --asset "typos-v${TYPOS_VERSION}-x86_64-unknown-linux-musl.tar.gz" --output "$RUNNER_TEMP/typos.tar.gz"
+          mkdir -p "$RUNNER_TEMP/typos"
+          tar -xzf "$RUNNER_TEMP/typos.tar.gz" -C "$RUNNER_TEMP/typos"
      - name: Typos check with custom config file
-        uses: crate-ci/typos@512fc24f32f44ab01972217aaaf3dc86ec234d53 # v1.50.2
+        run: '"$RUNNER_TEMP/typos/typos" .'

  # Fail early with compile-free checks for every pull request.
  quick-checks:
    name: Quick Checks
    if: github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.action != 'closed'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 10
+    timeout-minutes: 20
    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
@@ -695,6 +705,53 @@ jobs:
          retention-days: 3
          if-no-files-found: warn

+  test-and-lint-gateway-stack:
+    name: Test and Lint (gateway-stack)
+    # The gateway S3 stack (rustfs/backlog#2734) sits behind the rustfs
+    # `gateway-stack` feature, which no other pull-request lane lints or tests.
+    # Unlike the dormant feature lanes above, this one runs for every code
+    # change: each operation slice puts its handler tests, its authorization
+    # census and its end-to-end refusal test behind the feature, and a lane that
+    # ran only on demand would let them rot behind a green pull request.
+    if: needs.classify-changes.outputs.mode == 'full' && (github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.action != 'closed')
+    needs: [ quick-checks, classify-changes ]
+    # Self-hosted for build scale and cache ownership: a workspace-scale Cargo
+    # build that reads the ci-dev cache written on this image.
+    runs-on: sm-standard-4
+    timeout-minutes: 90
+    env:
+      FORCE_JAVASCRIPT_ACTIONS_TO_NODE24: "true"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Setup Rust environment
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup
+        with:
+          rust-version: stable
+          cache-shared-key: ci-dev
+          cache-save-if: 'false'
+          install-build-packaging-tools: 'false'
+
+      # A feature that does not compile fails here; nothing below is skipped
+      # into a pass.
+      - name: Run clippy with gateway-stack
+        run: cargo clippy --locked -p rustfs --all-targets --features gateway-stack -- -D warnings
+
+      # The gateway stack's own tests: the assembly, the authorizer table and
+      # its census, the handler template, the migrated use cases, and the
+      # embedded server driven through the whole middleware stack.
+      - name: Run tests with gateway-stack
+        env:
+          # The same bounded link concurrency as the other feature lanes.
+          CARGO_BUILD_JOBS: "2"
+        run: |
+          cargo nextest run --profile ci --locked -p rustfs --features gateway-stack --no-tests fail \
+            --status-level all --final-status-level all \
+            -E 'test(/gateway_stack|gateway_handlers|server::stack::|list_buckets|legacy_stack_is_always_selectable/) | binary(embedded_gateway_stack_test)'
+
  build-rustfs-debug-binary:
    name: Build RustFS Debug Binary
    if: contains(fromJSON('["full", "e2e"]'), needs.classify-changes.outputs.mode) && (github.event_name != 'pull_request' || github.event.action != 'closed')
@@ -957,6 +1014,8 @@ jobs:
    # Retain the producer image and fixture paths until the runtime pilot passes.
    runs-on: sm-standard-4
    timeout-minutes: 30
+    env:
+      RUSTFS_S3_STACK: legacy
    steps:
      - name: Checkout repository
        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
@@ -1077,18 +1136,122 @@ jobs:
          path: ${{ runner.temp }}/rustfs-e2e-*/rustfs.log
          retention-days: 3

+  # The same e2e-smoke suite against the same debug binary with the gateway
+  # S3 stack selected (rustfs/backlog#2734). Report-only: it is outside the
+  # Test and Lint aggregate and becomes required at T2.10. The test-binary
+  # download, identity, membership, run and completeness steps must stay
+  # identical to e2e-tests; scripts/ci_gate.py enforces that.
+  e2e-tests-gateway:
+    name: e2e-smoke (gateway, report-only until T2.10)
+    needs: [ build-rustfs-debug-binary ]
+    runs-on: sm-standard-2
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    continue-on-error: true
+    env:
+      RUSTFS_S3_STACK: gateway
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Install verification runtime
+        uses: ./.github/actions/test-runtime
+
+      - name: Download E2E test binaries
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
+        with:
+          name: e2e-test-binaries
+          path: ${{ runner.temp }}
+
+      - name: Verify E2E archive identity
+        run: python3 scripts/ci_test_artifact.py verify --configuration e2e --archive "$RUNNER_TEMP/e2e-tests.tar.zst"
+
+      - name: Set up Python
+        uses: actions/setup-python@5fda3b95a4ea91299a34e894583c3862153e4b97 # v7.0.0
+        with:
+          python-version: "3.12"
+
+      - name: Install awscurl
+        run: |
+          python3 -m pip install --user --upgrade pip "awscurl==0.44"
+          echo "AWSCURL_PATH=$HOME/.local/bin/awscurl" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+
+      - name: Verify awscurl
+        run: test -x "$AWSCURL_PATH"
+
+      # Download after the cache restore so the freshly built binary from the
+      # build job always wins over anything restored into target/debug.
+      - name: Download debug binary
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
+        with:
+          name: rustfs-debug-binary
+          path: target/debug
+
+      - name: Make binary executable
+        run: chmod +x ./target/debug/rustfs
+
+      # Build the e2e test graph once. The archive is reused by the smoke
+      # selection guard, security exact-count check, and run below, avoiding a
+      # second compile of the same e2e_test target on cold runners (backlog#1645).
+      - name: Verify e2e smoke test membership
+        env:
+          NEXTEST_ARCHIVE: ${{ runner.temp }}/e2e-tests.tar.zst
+          NEXTEST_LISTING: ${{ runner.temp }}/rustfs-e2e-smoke-list.json
+        run: |
+          cargo nextest list --profile e2e-smoke --archive-file "${NEXTEST_ARCHIVE}" --workspace-remap "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE" --extract-to "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE" --extract-overwrite --message-format json > "${NEXTEST_LISTING}"
+          python3 ./scripts/check_test_wiring.py --check-profile e2e-smoke "${NEXTEST_LISTING}"
+          ./scripts/check_security_smoke_count.sh check "${NEXTEST_LISTING}"
+
+      # PR smoke subset of the in-repo e2e suite (backlog#1149 ci-4). The
+      # profile.e2e-smoke default-filter in .config/nextest.toml is the single
+      # wiring mechanism for e2e tests in CI — extend that filter instead of
+      # adding new e2e jobs here. Each test spawns its own rustfs server on a
+      # random port and reuses the downloaded debug binary above.
+      - name: Run e2e smoke suite
+        env:
+          NEXTEST_ARCHIVE: ${{ runner.temp }}/e2e-tests.tar.zst
+          RUSTFS_E2E_LOG_DIR: ${{ runner.temp }}/rustfs-e2e-smoke-logs
+          SAMPLER_INTERVAL_SECS: "15"
+        run: |
+          ./scripts/ci/resource_sampler.sh start e2e-smoke
+          trap './scripts/ci/resource_sampler.sh stop' EXIT
+          python3 scripts/e2e_binary.py run --features e2e-test-hooks -- cargo nextest run --profile e2e-smoke --cargo-metadata target/nextest/cargo-metadata.json --binaries-metadata target/nextest/binaries-metadata.json --workspace-remap "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE" --target-dir-remap "$GITHUB_WORKSPACE/target" \
+            --status-level all --final-status-level all --failure-output final
+
+      - name: Verify e2e smoke execution completeness
+        run: python3 scripts/ci_test_artifact.py evidence "$RUNNER_TEMP/rustfs-e2e-smoke-list.json" target/nextest/e2e-smoke/junit.xml
+
+      - name: Upload e2e smoke diagnostics
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: e2e-smoke-gateway-diagnostics-${{ github.run_number }}-${{ github.run_attempt }}
+          path: |
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/rustfs-e2e-smoke-logs/
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/rustfs-e2e-smoke-list.json
+          if-no-files-found: warn
+
+      - name: Upload e2e smoke JUnit report
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: e2e-smoke-gateway-junit-${{ github.run_number }}-${{ github.run_attempt }}
+          path: target/nextest/e2e-smoke/junit.xml
+          if-no-files-found: warn
+
  e2e-full:
    name: End-to-End Tests (full merge gate)
    # Merge gate only (backlog#1149 ci-5): the never-automated user-visible
    # suites — KMS, object_lock, multipart_auth, quota, checksum, encryption,
    # security-boundary, ... — via the e2e-full nextest profile. Too heavy for
-    # every PR, so it is gated to main pushes, the merge queue, and manual
-    # dispatch. protocols / the 7 cluster suites / replication / #[ignore] are
-    # owned by other lanes (see .config/nextest.toml profile.e2e-full).
+    # every PR, so it is gated to main and gateway/integration pushes, the merge
+    # queue, and manual dispatch. protocols / the 7 cluster suites / replication
+    # / #[ignore] are owned by other lanes (see .config/nextest.toml profile.e2e-full).
    if: >-
      github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' ||
      github.event_name == 'merge_group' ||
-      (github.event_name == 'push' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main')
+      (github.event_name == 'push' && (github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' || github.ref == 'refs/heads/gateway/integration'))
    needs: [ build-rustfs-debug-binary ]
    # Retain the producer image and fixture paths until the runtime pilot passes.
    runs-on: sm-standard-4
@@ -1137,11 +1300,16 @@ jobs:

      - name: Install mc
        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
          MC_VERSION: RELEASE.2025-08-13T08-35-41Z
          MC_SHA256: 01f866e9c5f9b87c2b09116fa5d7c06695b106242d829a8bb32990c00312e891
        run: |
+          if ! command -v gh >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            sudo apt-get update
+            sudo apt-get install -y gh
+          fi
          MC_BINARY="mc.linux-amd64.${MC_VERSION}"
-          curl -fsSLo "$RUNNER_TEMP/mc" "https://github.com/minio/mc/releases/download/${MC_VERSION}/${MC_BINARY}"
+          python3 .github/actions/setup/download_release_asset.py --repository minio/mc --tag "$MC_VERSION" --asset "$MC_BINARY" --output "$RUNNER_TEMP/mc" --sha256 "$MC_SHA256"
          echo "${MC_SHA256}  $RUNNER_TEMP/mc" | sha256sum --check --status
          chmod +x "$RUNNER_TEMP/mc"
          echo "$RUNNER_TEMP" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
@@ -1458,6 +1626,7 @@ jobs:
      - fips-provider
      - test-and-lint-rio-v2
      - test-and-lint-protocols
+      - test-and-lint-gateway-stack
      - build-rustfs-debug-binary
      - uring-integration
      - e2e-tests
@@ -1492,6 +1661,7 @@ jobs:
      - core-contract
      - test-and-lint-rio-v2
      - test-and-lint-protocols
+      - test-and-lint-gateway-stack
      - build-rustfs-debug-binary
      - build-rustfs-debug-binary-rio-v2
      - uring-integration
@@ -1,779 +1,99 @@
-# Copyright 2024 RustFS Team
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-
-# Docker Images Workflow
-#
-# This workflow builds Docker images using pre-built binaries from the build workflow.
-#
-# Trigger Types:
-# 1. workflow_run: Automatically triggered when "Build and Release" workflow completes
-# 2. workflow_dispatch: Manual trigger for standalone Docker builds
-#
-# Key Features:
-# - Only triggers when Linux builds (x86_64 + aarch64) are successful
-# - Independent of macOS/Windows build status
-# - Uses workflow_run event for precise control
-# - Only builds Docker images for releases and prereleases (development builds are skipped)
-
-name: Docker Images
-
-# Permissions needed for workflow_run event and Docker registry access
+# Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+name: Build candidate images
+on:
+  workflow_call:
+    inputs:
+      candidate_manifest:
+        type: string
+        required: true
 permissions:
  contents: read
-  packages: write
-
-on:
-  # Automatically triggered when build workflow completes
-  workflow_run:
-    workflows: [ "Build and Release" ]
-    types: [ completed ]
-  # Manual trigger with same parameters for consistency
-  workflow_dispatch:
-    inputs:
-      push_images:
-        description: "Push images to registries"
-        required: false
-        default: true
-        type: boolean
-      version:
-        description: "Version to build (latest, v1.0.0, v1.0.0-alpha1, or v1.0.1-preview.1)"
-        required: false
-        default: "latest"
-        type: string
-      force_rebuild:
-        description: "Force rebuild even if binary exists (useful for testing)"
-        required: false
-        default: false
-        type: boolean
-
-env:
-  CONCLUSION: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.conclusion }}
-  HEAD_BRANCH: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_branch }}
-  HEAD_SHA: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_sha }}
-  TRIGGERING_EVENT: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.event }}
-  DOCKERHUB_USERNAME: rustfs
-  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
-  REGISTRY_DOCKERHUB: rustfs/rustfs
-  REGISTRY_GHCR: ghcr.io/${{ github.repository }}
-  REGISTRY_QUAY: quay.io/rustfs/rustfs
-  DOCKER_PLATFORMS: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
-
+  actions: read
 jobs:
-  # Check if we should build Docker images.
-  # Short-circuit at job level so per-merge development builds (workflow_run
-  # from a push to main) skip the whole run without spawning a checkout job:
-  # images are only published for tag builds — build.yml push triggers cover
-  # only main and tags, so a non-main head_branch is a tag name — and for
-  # manual dispatch.
-  build-check:
-    name: Docker Build Check
-    if: >-
-      github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' ||
-      (github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'success' &&
-       github.event.workflow_run.event == 'push' &&
-       github.event.workflow_run.head_branch != 'main')
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 30
-    outputs:
-      should_build: ${{ steps.check.outputs.should_build }}
-      should_push: ${{ steps.check.outputs.should_push }}
-      build_type: ${{ steps.check.outputs.build_type }}
-      version: ${{ steps.check.outputs.version }}
-      short_sha: ${{ steps.check.outputs.short_sha }}
-      is_prerelease: ${{ steps.check.outputs.is_prerelease }}
-      create_latest: ${{ steps.check.outputs.create_latest }}
-      source_ref: ${{ steps.check.outputs.source_ref }}
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-          # For workflow_run events, checkout the specific commit that triggered the workflow
-          ref: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_sha || github.sha }}
-
-      - name: Check build conditions
-        id: check
-        env:
-          # dispatch inputs via env, not `${{ }}` interpolation: they are
-          # free-form strings and would otherwise be evaluated by bash.
-          INPUT_VERSION: ${{ github.event.inputs.version }}
-          INPUT_PUSH_IMAGES: ${{ github.event.inputs.push_images }}
-          INPUT_FORCE_REBUILD: ${{ github.event.inputs.force_rebuild }}
-        run: |
-          should_build=false
-          should_push=false
-          build_type="none"
-          version=""
-          short_sha=""
-          is_prerelease=false
-          create_latest=false
-          source_ref="$GITHUB_SHA"
-
-          # Pre-GA policy: until the first stable (vX.Y.Z) tag exists, every
-          # prerelease (alpha/beta/rc) also moves `latest`, so users pulling
-          # `latest` get the newest test build. Once a stable tag is published
-          # this returns false and `latest` follows stable releases only.
-          prerelease_moves_latest() {
-            local stable_tags
-            stable_tags=$(git ls-remote --tags --refs origin 2>/dev/null \
-              | awk '{print $2}' \
-              | grep -E '^refs/tags/v?[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+$' || true)
-            if [[ -z "$stable_tags" ]]; then
-              return 0
-            fi
-            echo "ℹ️  Stable release tag(s) already exist; prereleases no longer update latest"
-            return 1
-          }
-
-          if [[ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "workflow_run" ]]; then
-            # Triggered by build workflow completion
-            echo "🔗 Triggered by build workflow completion"
-
-            # Check if the triggering workflow was successful
-            # If the workflow succeeded, it means ALL builds (including Linux x86_64 and aarch64) succeeded
-            if [[ "$CONCLUSION" == "success" ]]; then
-              echo "✅ Build workflow succeeded, all builds including Linux are successful"
-              should_build=true
-              should_push=true
-            else
-              echo "❌ Build workflow failed (conclusion: $CONCLUSION), skipping Docker build"
-              should_build=false
-            fi
-
-            # Extract version info from commit message or use commit SHA
-            # Use Git to generate consistent short SHA (ensures uniqueness like build.yml)
-            short_sha=$(git rev-parse --short "$HEAD_SHA")
-            source_ref="$HEAD_SHA"
-
-            # Determine build type based on triggering workflow event and ref
-            triggering_event="$TRIGGERING_EVENT"
-            head_branch="$HEAD_BRANCH"
-
-            echo "🔍 Analyzing triggering workflow:"
-            echo "   📋 Event: $triggering_event"
-            echo "   🌿 Head branch: $head_branch"
-            echo "   📎 Head SHA: $HEAD_SHA"
-
-            # Check if this was triggered by a tag push
-            if [[ "$triggering_event" == "push" ]]; then
-              # For tag pushes, head_branch will be like "refs/tags/v1.0.0" or just "v1.0.0"
-              if [[ "$head_branch" == refs/tags/* ]]; then
-                # Extract tag name from refs/tags/TAG_NAME
-                tag_name="${head_branch#refs/tags/}"
-                version="$tag_name"
-              elif [[ "$head_branch" =~ ^v?[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+ ]]; then
-                # Direct tag name like "v1.0.0" or "1.0.0-alpha.1"
-                version="$head_branch"
-              elif [[ "$head_branch" == "main" ]]; then
-                # Regular branch push to main
-                build_type="development"
-                version="dev-${short_sha}"
-                should_build=false
-                echo "⏭️  Skipping Docker build for development version (main branch push)"
-              else
-                # Other branch push
-                build_type="development"
-                version="dev-${short_sha}"
-                should_build=false
-                echo "⏭️  Skipping Docker build for development version (branch: $head_branch)"
-              fi
-
-              # If we extracted a version (tag), determine release type
-              if [[ -n "$version" ]] && [[ "$version" != "dev-${short_sha}" ]]; then
-                # Remove 'v' prefix if present for consistent version format
-                if [[ "$version" == v* ]]; then
-                  version="${version#v}"
-                fi
-
-                if [[ "$version" =~ -preview\.[0-9]+$ ]]; then
-                  build_type="preview"
-                  is_prerelease=true
-                  echo "🔍 Building Docker image for preview: $version (version tags only)"
-                elif [[ "$version" == *"-preview"* ]]; then
-                  echo "❌ Invalid preview tag: $version (expected suffix: -preview.<number>)" >&2
-                  exit 1
-                elif [[ "$version" == *"alpha"* ]] || [[ "$version" == *"beta"* ]] || [[ "$version" == *"rc"* ]]; then
-                  build_type="prerelease"
-                  is_prerelease=true
-                  # Pre-GA policy: prereleases update latest until the first stable tag exists.
-                  if prerelease_moves_latest; then
-                    create_latest=true
-                    echo "🧪 Building Docker image for prerelease: $version (creating latest tag)"
-                  else
-                    echo "🧪 Building Docker image for prerelease: $version"
-                  fi
-                else
-                  build_type="release"
-                  create_latest=true
-                  echo "🚀 Building Docker image for release: $version"
-                fi
-              fi
-            else
-              # Non-push events
-              build_type="development"
-              version="dev-${short_sha}"
-              should_build=false
-              echo "⏭️  Skipping Docker build for development version (event: $triggering_event)"
-            fi
-
-            echo "🔄 Build triggered by workflow_run:"
-            echo "   📋 Conclusion: $CONCLUSION"
-            echo "   🌿 Branch: $HEAD_BRANCH"
-            echo "   📎 SHA: $HEAD_SHA"
-            echo "   🎯 Event: $TRIGGERING_EVENT"
-
-          elif [[ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "workflow_dispatch" ]]; then
-            # Manual trigger
-            input_version="$INPUT_VERSION"
-            version="${input_version}"
-            should_push="$INPUT_PUSH_IMAGES"
-            should_build=true
-
-            # Get short SHA
-            short_sha=$(git rev-parse --short HEAD)
-
-            echo "🎯 Manual Docker build triggered:"
-            echo "   📋 Requested version: $input_version"
-            echo "   🔧 Force rebuild: $INPUT_FORCE_REBUILD"
-            echo "   🚀 Push images: $should_push"
-
-            case "$input_version" in
-              "latest")
-                build_type="release"
-                create_latest=true
-                echo "🚀 Building with latest stable release version"
-                ;;
-              *-preview*)
-                if [[ ! "$input_version" =~ ^v?[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(-[0-9A-Za-z.-]+)?-preview\.[0-9]+$ ]]; then
-                  echo "❌ Invalid preview version: $input_version" >&2
-                  exit 1
-                fi
-                build_type="preview"
-                is_prerelease=true
-                version="${input_version#v}"
-                echo "🔍 Building with preview version: $version (version tags only)"
-                ;;
-              # Prerelease versions (must match first, more specific)
-              v*alpha*|v*beta*|v*rc*|*alpha*|*beta*|*rc*)
-                build_type="prerelease"
-                is_prerelease=true
-                # Pre-GA policy: prereleases update latest until the first stable tag exists.
-                if prerelease_moves_latest; then
-                  create_latest=true
-                  echo "🧪 Building with prerelease version: $input_version (creating latest tag)"
-                else
-                  echo "🧪 Building with prerelease version: $input_version"
-                fi
-                ;;
-              # Release versions (match after prereleases, more general)
-              v[0-9]*|[0-9]*.*.*)
-                build_type="release"
-                create_latest=true
-                echo "📦 Building with specific release version: $input_version"
-                ;;
-              *)
-                # Invalid version for Docker build
-                should_build=false
-                echo "❌ Invalid version for Docker build: $input_version"
-                echo "⚠️  Only release versions (latest, v1.0.0, 1.0.0) and prereleases (v1.0.0-alpha1, 1.0.0-beta2) are supported"
-                ;;
-            esac
-
-            if [[ "$should_build" == true && "$input_version" != "latest" ]]; then
-              tag_ref="refs/tags/$input_version"
-              if ! git ls-remote --exit-code origin "$tag_ref" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-                if [[ "$input_version" == v* ]]; then
-                  tag_ref="refs/tags/${input_version#v}"
-                else
-                  tag_ref="refs/tags/v$input_version"
-                fi
-              fi
-
-              if ! git ls-remote --exit-code origin "$tag_ref" >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-                echo "❌ Release tag not found for Docker build: $input_version"
-                exit 1
-              fi
-              source_ref="$tag_ref"
-            fi
-          fi
-
-          {
-            echo "should_build=$should_build"
-            echo "should_push=$should_push"
-            echo "build_type=$build_type"
-            echo "version=$version"
-            echo "short_sha=$short_sha"
-            echo "is_prerelease=$is_prerelease"
-            echo "create_latest=$create_latest"
-            echo "source_ref=$source_ref"
-          } >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-
-          echo "🐳 Docker Build Summary:"
-          echo "  - Should build: $should_build"
-          echo "  - Should push: $should_push"
-          echo "  - Build type: $build_type"
-          echo "  - Version: $version"
-          echo "  - Short SHA: $short_sha"
-          echo "  - Is prerelease: $is_prerelease"
-          echo "  - Create latest: $create_latest"
-          echo "  - Source ref: $source_ref"
-
-  # Consume the trusted release certification for the exact version this
-  # workflow wraps and verify the certified input digests. A manual dispatch
-  # without that certification fails here and pushes no official tag; only
-  # results from the trusted verification sources carry release authority.
-  release-certification:
-    name: Release Certification
-    needs: build-check
-    if: needs.build-check.outputs.should_build == 'true'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 30
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-      actions: read
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-          ref: ${{ needs.build-check.outputs.source_ref }}
-
-      - name: Download and verify release certification
-        env:
-          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_VALIDATION_TOKEN || github.token }}
-          TRIGGERING_RUN_ID: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
-          VERSION: ${{ needs.build-check.outputs.version }}
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          mkdir -p certification
-          run_id="$TRIGGERING_RUN_ID"
-          if [[ -z "$run_id" ]]; then
-            run_id="$(gh api --method GET \
-              "repos/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/actions/workflows/build.yml/runs" \
-              -f branch="$VERSION" -f status=success -F per_page=1 \
-              --jq '.workflow_runs[0].id // empty' || true)"
-          fi
-          if [[ -z "$run_id" ]]; then
-            echo "No certified Build and Release run found for ${VERSION}; failing closed" >&2
-            exit 1
-          fi
-          if ! gh run download "$run_id" -n release-certification -D certification; then
-            echo "Build run ${run_id} published no release-certification artifact; failing closed" >&2
-            exit 1
-          fi
-          python3 scripts/release/release_gate.py verify-promotion \
-            --plan .config/release-validation-plan.json \
-            --candidate certification/candidate.json \
-            --summary certification/release-gate-output \
-            --artifact-sha256 "$(jq -r '.deliverables[0].sha256' certification/candidate.json)" \
-            --artifact-name "$(jq -r '.deliverables[0].name' certification/candidate.json)"
-
-          # Input digest binding: every zip this image wraps must be the
-          # certified byte-for-byte content, never a mutable latest pointer.
-          while IFS=$'\t' read -r name location expected; do
-            echo "Verifying certified input ${name}"
-            actual="$(curl -fsSL "$location" | sha256sum | awk '{print $1}')"
-            if [[ "$actual" != "$expected" ]]; then
-              echo "Certified input ${name} does not match its recorded digest" >&2
-              exit 1
-            fi
-          done < <(jq -r '.deliverables[] | select(.name | contains("linux")) | [.name, .location, .sha256] | @tsv' certification/candidate.json)
-
-  # Build multi-arch Docker images
-  # Strategy: Build images using pre-built binaries from dl.rustfs.com
-  # Supports both release and dev channel binaries based on build context
-  # Only runs when should_build is true (which includes workflow success check)
  build-docker:
-    name: Build Docker Images
-    needs: [ build-check, release-certification ]
-    if: needs.build-check.outputs.should_build == 'true'
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 60
+    timeout-minutes: 90
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
      matrix:
        include:
          - variant: musl
            file: Dockerfile
-            suffix: ""
-          - variant: glibc
+          - variant: gnu
            file: Dockerfile.glibc
-            suffix: "-glibc"
-
+    env:
+      CANDIDATE_MANIFEST: ${{ inputs.candidate_manifest }}
+      VARIANT: ${{ matrix.variant }}
    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
        with:
+          ref: ${{ fromJson(inputs.candidate_manifest).source_sha }}
          persist-credentials: false
-          ref: ${{ needs.build-check.outputs.source_ref }}
-
-      - name: Login to Docker Hub
-        uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3
-        with:
-          username: ${{ env.DOCKERHUB_USERNAME }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
-
-      - name: Login to GitHub Container Registry
-        uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3
-        with:
-          registry: ghcr.io
-          username: ${{ secrets.GHCR_USERNAME }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.GHCR_PASSWORD }}
-
-      - name: Login to Quay.io
-        uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3
-        with:
-          registry: quay.io
-          username: ${{ secrets.QUAY_USERNAME }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.QUAY_PASSWORD }}
-
-      - name: Set up QEMU
-        uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@c7c53464625b32c7a7e944ae62b3e17d2b600130 # v3
-
-      - name: Set up Docker Buildx
-        uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@8d2750c68a42422c14e847fe6c8ac0403b4cbd6f # v3
-
-      - name: Extract metadata and generate tags
-        id: meta
+      - name: Reuse completed image
+        id: reuse
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        run: python3 scripts/release/deliver.py reuse --kind image --target "$VARIANT"
+      - name: Install OCI tools
+        if: steps.reuse.outputs.reused != 'true'
        run: |
-          BUILD_TYPE="${{ needs.build-check.outputs.build_type }}"
-          VERSION="${{ needs.build-check.outputs.version }}"
-          CREATE_LATEST="${{ needs.build-check.outputs.create_latest }}"
-          VARIANT_SUFFIX="${{ matrix.suffix }}"
-
-          # Convert version format for Dockerfile compatibility. The former
-          # DOCKER_CHANNEL was "release" down every branch and was passed as a
-          # build-arg no Dockerfile declares, so it is gone.
-          case "$VERSION" in
-            "latest")
-              DOCKER_RELEASE="latest"
-              ;;
-            v*)
-              # For versioned releases (v1.0.0), remove 'v' prefix for Dockerfile
-              DOCKER_RELEASE="${VERSION#v}"
-              ;;
-            *)
-              # For other versions, pass as-is
-              DOCKER_RELEASE="${VERSION}"
-              ;;
-          esac
-
-          echo "docker_release=$DOCKER_RELEASE" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-
-          echo "🐳 Docker build parameters:"
-          echo "  - Original version: $VERSION"
-          echo "  - Docker RELEASE: $DOCKER_RELEASE"
-
-          # Generate tags based on build type
-          # Only support release and prerelease builds (no development builds)
-          TAG_BASE="${VERSION}${VARIANT_SUFFIX}"
-          TAGS="${{ env.REGISTRY_DOCKERHUB }}:$TAG_BASE,${{ env.REGISTRY_GHCR }}:$TAG_BASE,${{ env.REGISTRY_QUAY }}:$TAG_BASE"
-
-          # Add latest when requested (stable releases, and prereleases before GA)
-          if [[ "$CREATE_LATEST" == "true" ]]; then
-            TAGS="$TAGS,${{ env.REGISTRY_DOCKERHUB }}:latest${VARIANT_SUFFIX},${{ env.REGISTRY_GHCR }}:latest${VARIANT_SUFFIX},${{ env.REGISTRY_QUAY }}:latest${VARIANT_SUFFIX}"
-          fi
-
-          # Always add the channel tag for prereleases, independent of latest
-          if [[ "$BUILD_TYPE" == "prerelease" ]]; then
-            # Prerelease channel tags (alpha, beta, rc)
-            if [[ "$VERSION" == *"alpha"* ]]; then
-              CHANNEL="alpha"
-            elif [[ "$VERSION" == *"beta"* ]]; then
-              CHANNEL="beta"
-            elif [[ "$VERSION" == *"rc"* ]]; then
-              CHANNEL="rc"
-            fi
-
-            if [[ -n "$CHANNEL" ]]; then
-              TAGS="$TAGS,${{ env.REGISTRY_DOCKERHUB }}:${CHANNEL}${VARIANT_SUFFIX},${{ env.REGISTRY_GHCR }}:${CHANNEL}${VARIANT_SUFFIX},${{ env.REGISTRY_QUAY }}:${CHANNEL}${VARIANT_SUFFIX}"
-            fi
-          fi
-
-          # Output tags
-          echo "tags=$TAGS" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-
-          # Staging identity for this run's promotion: official tags are only
-          # created after the staged image verifies against the certification,
-          # and they point at this same digest (no rebuild-after-verify).
-          STAGING_TAG="staging-${GITHUB_RUN_ID}-${GITHUB_RUN_ATTEMPT}${VARIANT_SUFFIX}"
-          STAGING_TAGS="${{ env.REGISTRY_DOCKERHUB }}:${STAGING_TAG},${{ env.REGISTRY_GHCR }}:${STAGING_TAG},${{ env.REGISTRY_QUAY }}:${STAGING_TAG}"
-          echo "staging_tags=$STAGING_TAGS" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-          echo "staging_tag=$STAGING_TAG" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-
-          # Generate labels
-          LABELS="org.opencontainers.image.title=RustFS"
-          LABELS="$LABELS,org.opencontainers.image.description=RustFS distributed object storage system"
-          LABELS="$LABELS,org.opencontainers.image.version=$VERSION"
-          SOURCE_REVISION="$(git rev-parse HEAD)"
-          LABELS="$LABELS,org.opencontainers.image.revision=$SOURCE_REVISION"
-          LABELS="$LABELS,org.opencontainers.image.source=${{ github.server_url }}/${{ github.repository }}"
-          LABELS="$LABELS,org.opencontainers.image.created=$(date -u +'%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%SZ')"
-          LABELS="$LABELS,org.opencontainers.image.build-type=$BUILD_TYPE"
-
-          echo "labels=$LABELS" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-
-          echo "🐳 Generated Docker tags:"
-          echo "$TAGS" | tr ',' '\n' | sed 's/^/  - /'
-          echo "📋 Build type: $BUILD_TYPE"
-          echo "🔖 Version: $VERSION"
-
-      - name: Build and push Docker image
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y skopeo
+      - uses: docker/setup-qemu-action@c7c53464625b32c7a7e944ae62b3e17d2b600130 # v3
+        if: steps.reuse.outputs.reused != 'true'
+      - uses: docker/setup-buildx-action@8d2750c68a42422c14e847fe6c8ac0403b4cbd6f # v3
+        if: steps.reuse.outputs.reused != 'true'
+      - name: Supply accepted binaries and pinned CLI
+        if: steps.reuse.outputs.reused != 'true'
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        run: python3 scripts/release/deliver.py image-prepare --target "$VARIANT"
+      - name: Build OCI archive without registry writes
+        if: steps.reuse.outputs.reused != 'true'
        uses: docker/build-push-action@10e90e3645eae34f1e60eeb005ba3a3d33f178e8 # v6
        with:
          context: .
          file: ${{ matrix.file }}
-          platforms: ${{ env.DOCKER_PLATFORMS }}
-          push: ${{ needs.build-check.outputs.should_push == 'true' }}
-          # Push to staging tags only: official tags are created by the
-          # certification-gated promotion step below from this same digest.
-          tags: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.staging_tags }}
-          labels: ${{ steps.meta.outputs.labels }}
-          # No layer cache. This build compiles nothing — it downloads a
-          # release zip and runs apk/apt — so the cache could only save the
-          # minute or two those take, while creating a correctness problem: with
-          # RELEASE=latest the binary URL is resolved by curl *inside* a RUN
-          # layer, and the layer key does not include what that resolved to. A
-          # rebuild at the same RELEASE value (dispatch with version=latest, or
-          # a re-run of the same version) would hit the old layer and ship the
-          # previous release's binary. mode=max also consumed the same 10GB
-          # Actions cache quota the Rust lanes are fighting over.
-          #
-          # Only RELEASE is passed: it is the sole build-arg the Dockerfiles
-          # declare besides TARGETARCH. BUILDTIME, VERSION, BUILD_TYPE, REVISION
-          # and CHANNEL were never read by any stage (and BUILDTIME's $(date ...)
-          # was a literal here, not a shell substitution). BUILD_DATE and VCS_REF
-          # are declared by the Dockerfiles but deliberately left unset —
-          # supplying them would change the published image labels.
+          platforms: linux/amd64,linux/arm64
+          push: false
+          provenance: false
+          outputs: type=oci,dest=delivery/image-${{ matrix.variant }}.tar
          build-args: |
-            RELEASE=${{ steps.meta.outputs.docker_release }}
-          provenance: true
-          sbom: true
-          # Add retry mechanism by splitting the build process
-          no-cache: false
-          pull: true
-
-      # A later-built wrapper: the staged image must complete this platform's
-      # own binary identity verification before any official tag is written.
-      # It may not inherit an unverified package's conclusion.
-      - name: Verify staged image against certification
-        if: needs.build-check.outputs.should_push == 'true'
-        env:
-          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_VALIDATION_TOKEN || github.token }}
-          TRIGGERING_RUN_ID: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
-          VERSION: ${{ needs.build-check.outputs.version }}
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          mkdir -p certification
-          run_id="$TRIGGERING_RUN_ID"
-          if [[ -z "$run_id" ]]; then
-            run_id="$(gh api --method GET \
-              "repos/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/actions/workflows/build.yml/runs" \
-              -f branch="$VERSION" -f status=success -F per_page=1 \
-              --jq '.workflow_runs[0].id // empty' || true)"
-          fi
-          gh run download "$run_id" -n release-certification -D certification
-
-          STAGING_REF="${{ env.REGISTRY_DOCKERHUB }}:staging-${GITHUB_RUN_ID}-${GITHUB_RUN_ATTEMPT}${{ matrix.suffix }}"
-          case "${{ matrix.variant }}" in
-            musl) libc="musl" ;;
-            glibc) libc="gnu" ;;
-          esac
-          for platform in linux/amd64 linux/arm64; do
-            case "$platform" in
-              linux/amd64) arch_sub="x86_64" ;;
-              linux/arm64) arch_sub="aarch64" ;;
-            esac
-            docker pull --platform "$platform" "$STAGING_REF"
-            container="$(docker create --platform "$platform" "$STAGING_REF")"
-            docker cp "$container:/usr/bin/rustfs" "$RUNNER_TEMP/staged-rustfs"
-            docker rm "$container" >/dev/null
-            actual="$(sha256sum "$RUNNER_TEMP/staged-rustfs" | awk '{print $1}')"
-            expected="$(jq -r --arg needle "linux-${arch_sub}-${libc}" \
-              '[.deliverables[] | select(.name | contains($needle)) | .binary_sha256][0] // empty' \
-              certification/candidate.json)"
-            if [[ -z "$expected" || "$actual" != "$expected" ]]; then
-              echo "Staged image binary for ${platform} does not match the certified binary digest" >&2
-              exit 1
-            fi
-            python3 scripts/release/release_gate.py verify-promotion \
-              --plan .config/release-validation-plan.json \
-              --candidate certification/candidate.json \
-              --summary certification/release-gate-output \
-              --artifact "$RUNNER_TEMP/staged-rustfs" \
-              --artifact-role binary
-          done
-
-      - name: Promote staged image to official tags
-        if: needs.build-check.outputs.should_push == 'true'
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          STAGING_REF="${{ env.REGISTRY_DOCKERHUB }}:staging-${GITHUB_RUN_ID}-${GITHUB_RUN_ATTEMPT}${{ matrix.suffix }}"
-          IFS=',' read -r -a official_tags <<< "${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}"
-          for tag in "${official_tags[@]}"; do
-            docker buildx imagetools create -t "$tag" "$STAGING_REF"
-            echo "Promoted $tag -> $STAGING_REF"
-          done
-
-      # Downstream consumers (Helm) verify this record instead of inheriting
-      # an unverified wrapper's conclusion.
-      - name: Record image promotion
-        if: needs.build-check.outputs.should_push == 'true'
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_VALIDATION_TOKEN || github.token }}
-          TRIGGERING_RUN_ID: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
-          VERSION: ${{ needs.build-check.outputs.version }}
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          mkdir -p certification
-          run_id="$TRIGGERING_RUN_ID"
-          if [[ -z "$run_id" ]]; then
-            run_id="$(gh api --method GET \
-              "repos/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/actions/workflows/build.yml/runs" \
-              -f branch="$VERSION" -f status=success -F per_page=1 \
-              --jq '.workflow_runs[0].id // empty' || true)"
-          fi
-          gh run download "$run_id" -n release-certification -D certification
-          STAGING_REF="${{ env.REGISTRY_DOCKERHUB }}:staging-${GITHUB_RUN_ID}-${GITHUB_RUN_ATTEMPT}${{ matrix.suffix }}"
-          digest="$(docker buildx imagetools inspect "$STAGING_REF" --format '{{json .Manifest}}' | jq -r '.digest')"
-          candidate_sha="$(python3 -c "import json,hashlib,sys; sys.path.insert(0,'scripts/release'); import release_gate; print(release_gate.canonical_sha256(json.load(open('certification/candidate.json'))))")"
-          jq -n \
-            --arg version "$VERSION" \
-            --arg digest "$digest" \
-            --arg staging_ref "$STAGING_REF" \
-            --arg candidate_sha256 "$candidate_sha" \
-            --arg tags "${{ steps.meta.outputs.tags }}" \
-            --slurpfile candidate certification/candidate.json \
-            '{schema_version: 1, version: $version, image_digest: $digest, staging_ref: $staging_ref,
-              promoted_tags: ($tags | split(",")), candidate_sha256: $candidate_sha256,
-              binary_sha256s: ($candidate[0].deliverables | map(.binary_sha256) | unique)}' \
-            > image-promotion-record.json
-
-      - name: Upload image promotion record
-        if: needs.build-check.outputs.should_push == 'true'
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          name: image-promotion-record${{ matrix.suffix }}
-          path: image-promotion-record.json
-          if-no-files-found: error
-          retention-days: 30
-
-  # Note: Manifest creation is no longer needed as we only build one variant
-  # Multi-arch manifests are automatically created by docker/build-push-action
-
-  # Report-only container image vulnerability scan
-  scan-docker-image:
-    name: Scan Docker Images
-    needs: [ build-check, build-docker ]
-    if: needs.build-check.outputs.should_build == 'true' && needs.build-check.outputs.should_push == 'true'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 30
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-      security-events: write
-    strategy:
-      fail-fast: false
-      matrix:
-        include:
-          - variant: musl
-            suffix: ""
-          - variant: glibc
-            suffix: "-glibc"
-    steps:
-      - name: Login to GitHub Container Registry
-        # docker/login-action v3
-        uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9
-        with:
-          registry: ghcr.io
-          username: ${{ secrets.GHCR_USERNAME }}
-          password: ${{ secrets.GHCR_PASSWORD }}
-
-      - name: Scan image with Trivy
-        # aquasecurity/trivy-action v0.36.0
+            BINARY_SOURCE=supplied
+            RELEASE=${{ fromJson(inputs.candidate_manifest).version }}
+            VCS_REF=${{ fromJson(inputs.candidate_manifest).source_sha }}
+      - name: Verify wrapped binaries and startup on both architectures
+        if: steps.reuse.outputs.reused != 'true'
+        run: python3 scripts/release/deliver.py image-smoke --target "$VARIANT"
+      - name: Scan amd64 image before sealing
+        if: steps.reuse.outputs.reused != 'true'
        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@ed142fd0673e97e23eac54620cfb913e5ce36c25
+        env:
+          TRIVY_PLATFORM: linux/amd64
        with:
-          image-ref: ${{ env.REGISTRY_GHCR }}:${{ needs.build-check.outputs.version }}${{ matrix.suffix }}
+          input: delivery-scan/image-${{ matrix.variant }}-amd64.tar
          format: sarif
-          output: trivy-${{ matrix.variant }}.sarif
-          ignore-unfixed: true
-          vuln-type: os,library
-          severity: CRITICAL,HIGH
+          output: delivery/scan-${{ matrix.variant }}-amd64.sarif
+          exit-code: "0" # Keep the repository's report-only vulnerability policy.
+      - name: Scan arm64 image before sealing
+        if: steps.reuse.outputs.reused != 'true'
+        uses: aquasecurity/trivy-action@ed142fd0673e97e23eac54620cfb913e5ce36c25
+        env:
+          TRIVY_PLATFORM: linux/arm64
+        with:
+          input: delivery-scan/image-${{ matrix.variant }}-arm64.tar
+          format: sarif
+          output: delivery/scan-${{ matrix.variant }}-arm64.sarif
          exit-code: "0"
-
-      # Surface findings in the Security tab; an artifact alone is write-only
-      # reporting nobody reviews.
-      - name: Upload scan results to code scanning
-        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@99df26d4f13ea111d4ec1a7dddef6063f76b97e9 # v4.37.0
+      - name: Record verified OCI identity
+        if: steps.reuse.outputs.reused != 'true'
+        run: python3 scripts/release/deliver.py image-record --target "$VARIANT"
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        if: steps.reuse.outputs.reused != 'true'
        with:
-          sarif_file: trivy-${{ matrix.variant }}.sarif
-          category: container-image-${{ matrix.variant }}
-
-      - name: Upload container scan report
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          name: container-image-scan-${{ matrix.variant }}
-          path: trivy-${{ matrix.variant }}.sarif
+          name: image-${{ matrix.variant }}
+          path: delivery/*
          if-no-files-found: error
          retention-days: 30
-
-  # Docker build summary
-  docker-summary:
-    name: Docker Build Summary
-    needs: [ build-check, build-docker ]
-    if: always() && needs.build-check.outputs.should_build == 'true'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 10
-    steps:
-      - name: Docker build completion summary
-        run: |
-          BUILD_TYPE="${{ needs.build-check.outputs.build_type }}"
-          VERSION="${{ needs.build-check.outputs.version }}"
-          CREATE_LATEST="${{ needs.build-check.outputs.create_latest }}"
-
-          echo "🐳 Docker build completed successfully!"
-          echo "📦 Build type: $BUILD_TYPE"
-          echo "🔢 Version: $VERSION"
-          echo "🚀 Strategy: Images using pre-built binaries (release channel only)"
-          echo ""
-
-          case "$BUILD_TYPE" in
-            "preview")
-              echo "🔍 Preview Docker image has been built with ${VERSION} tags"
-              echo "⏭️  Preview images do not update latest or prerelease channels"
-              ;;
-            "release")
-              echo "🚀 Release Docker image has been built with ${VERSION} tags"
-              echo "✅ This image is ready for production use"
-              if [[ "$CREATE_LATEST" == "true" ]]; then
-                echo "🏷️  Latest tag has been created for stable release"
-              fi
-              ;;
-            "prerelease")
-              echo "🧪 Prerelease Docker image has been built with ${VERSION} tags"
-              echo "⚠️  This is a prerelease image - use with caution"
-              # Prereleases move latest until the first stable tag exists (pre-GA policy).
-              if [[ "$CREATE_LATEST" == "true" ]]; then
-                echo "🏷️  Latest tag has been created for prerelease: $VERSION"
-              else
-                echo "🚫 Latest tag NOT created for prerelease"
-              fi
-              ;;
-            *)
-              echo "❌ Unexpected build type: $BUILD_TYPE"
-              ;;
-          esac
+          compression-level: 0
@@ -1,229 +1,26 @@
-# Copyright 2024 RustFS Team
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-
-name: Publish helm chart to artifacthub
-
+# Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+name: Build candidate Helm chart
 on:
-  workflow_run:
-    workflows: [ "Build and Release" ]
-    types: [ completed ]
-  workflow_dispatch:
+  workflow_call:
    inputs:
-      version:
-        description: "Release version to publish, e.g. 1.0.0-beta.1 or v1.0.0-beta.1"
-        required: true
-        default: "1.0.0-beta.1"
+      candidate_manifest:
        type: string
-
+        required: true
 permissions:
  contents: read
-
+  actions: read
 jobs:
-  # Consume the same trusted release certification as every other publication
-  # exit and verify the image promotion record of the Docker workflow. The
-  # chart wraps no binary of its own, so it may only reference an image whose
-  # platform verification already passed; it must not inherit an unverified
-  # package's conclusion. A run without that evidence fails closed here and
-  # never reaches the chart repository.
-  release-certification:
+  package:
    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 30
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-      actions: read
-    outputs:
-      version: ${{ steps.version.outputs.raw_tag }}
+    timeout-minutes: 15
    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
        with:
+          ref: ${{ fromJson(inputs.candidate_manifest).source_sha }}
          persist-credentials: false
-
-      - name: Normalize release version
-        id: version
-        env:
-          RAW_INPUT: ${{ github.event.inputs.version }}
-          RAW_BRANCH: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_branch }}
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" = "workflow_dispatch" ]; then
-            RAW="$RAW_INPUT"
-          else
-            RAW="$RAW_BRANCH"
-          fi
-          case "$RAW" in
-            refs/tags/*) RAW_TAG="${RAW#refs/tags/}" ;;
-            *) RAW_TAG="$RAW" ;;
-          esac
-          echo "raw_tag=$RAW_TAG" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-
-      - name: Download and verify release certification and image record
-        env:
-          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_VALIDATION_TOKEN || github.token }}
-          TRIGGERING_RUN_ID: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
-          RAW_TAG: ${{ steps.version.outputs.raw_tag }}
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          mkdir -p certification image-record
-
-          build_run="$TRIGGERING_RUN_ID"
-          if [[ -z "$build_run" ]]; then
-            build_run="$(gh api --method GET \
-              "repos/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/actions/workflows/build.yml/runs" \
-              -f branch="$RAW_TAG" -f status=success -F per_page=1 \
-              --jq '.workflow_runs[0].id // empty' || true)"
-          fi
-          if [[ -z "$build_run" ]]; then
-            echo "No certified Build and Release run found for ${RAW_TAG}; failing closed" >&2
-            exit 1
-          fi
-          if ! gh run download "$build_run" -n release-certification -D certification; then
-            echo "Build run ${build_run} published no release-certification artifact; failing closed" >&2
-            exit 1
-          fi
-          python3 scripts/release/release_gate.py verify-promotion \
-            --plan .config/release-validation-plan.json \
-            --candidate certification/candidate.json \
-            --summary certification/release-gate-output \
-            --artifact-sha256 "$(jq -r '.deliverables[0].sha256' certification/candidate.json)" \
-            --artifact-name "$(jq -r '.deliverables[0].name' certification/candidate.json)"
-
-          docker_run="$(gh api --method GET \
-            "repos/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/actions/workflows/docker.yml/runs" \
-            -f branch="$RAW_TAG" -f status=success -F per_page=1 \
-            --jq '.workflow_runs[0].id // empty' || true)"
-          if [[ -z "$docker_run" ]] || ! gh run download "$docker_run" -n image-promotion-record -D image-record; then
-            echo "No image promotion record for ${RAW_TAG}; a chart may not wrap an unverified image" >&2
-            exit 1
-          fi
-          candidate_sha="$(python3 -c "import json,hashlib,sys; sys.path.insert(0,'scripts/release'); import release_gate; print(release_gate.canonical_sha256(json.load(open('certification/candidate.json'))))")"
-          record_sha="$(jq -r '.candidate_sha256 // empty' image-record/image-promotion-record.json)"
-          if [[ "$record_sha" != "$candidate_sha" ]]; then
-            echo "Image promotion record does not belong to this certification" >&2
-            exit 1
-          fi
-          overlap="$(jq -r --slurpfile candidate certification/candidate.json \
-            '[.binary_sha256s[]] - ($candidate[0].deliverables | map(.binary_sha256)) | length' \
-            image-record/image-promotion-record.json)"
-          if [[ "$overlap" -ne 0 ]]; then
-            echo "Image promotion record carries binary digests outside the certification" >&2
-            exit 1
-          fi
-
-  build-helm-package:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 30
-    needs: [ release-certification ]
-    if: |
-      (github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' && !contains(github.event.inputs.version, '-preview')) ||
-      (
-        github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'success' &&
-        github.event.workflow_run.event == 'push' &&
-        contains(github.event.workflow_run.head_branch, '.') &&
-        !contains(github.event.workflow_run.head_branch, '-preview')
-      )
-
-    outputs:
-      raw_tag: ${{ steps.version.outputs.raw_tag }}
-      app_version: ${{ steps.version.outputs.app_version }}
-      chart_version: ${{ steps.version.outputs.chart_version }}
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout release source
-        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
-        with:
-          ref: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_sha || (startsWith(inputs.version, 'refs/tags/') && inputs.version || format('refs/tags/{0}', inputs.version)) }}
-          persist-credentials: false
-
-      # Both inputs reach the shell through env rather than `${{ }}`
-      # interpolation. A git ref name may contain `$(...)` — anything without a
-      # space is a legal tag — and interpolation pastes it into the script
-      # verbatim, where bash would run it. Reading "$RAW_INPUT" instead makes it
-      # data.
-      - name: Normalize release version
-        id: version
-        env:
-          RAW_INPUT: ${{ github.event.inputs.version }}
-          RAW_BRANCH: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_branch }}
-        run: |
-          set -eux
-
-          if [ "${{ github.event_name }}" = "workflow_dispatch" ]; then
-            RAW="$RAW_INPUT"
-          else
-            RAW="$RAW_BRANCH"
-          fi
-
-          case "$RAW" in
-            refs/tags/*)
-              RAW_TAG="${RAW#refs/tags/}"
-              ;;
-            *)
-              RAW_TAG="$RAW"
-              ;;
-          esac
-
-          ./scripts/helm_chart_version.sh "$RAW_TAG"
-
-      # Docker and Helm share the binary-build trigger. Do not publish a chart
-      # until the image selected by its default appVersion is pullable.
-      - name: Wait for release image
-        timeout-minutes: 20
-        env:
-          APP_VERSION: ${{ steps.version.outputs.app_version }}
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          if [[ ! "$APP_VERSION" =~ ^[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+(-[0-9A-Za-z.-]+)?$ ]] ||
-             [[ "$APP_VERSION" == *-preview* ]]; then
-            echo "Invalid deliverable image version: $APP_VERSION" >&2
-            exit 1
-          fi
-
-          for attempt in {1..60}; do
-            if token=$(curl --fail --silent --show-error --connect-timeout 10 --max-time 20 \
-              'https://auth.docker.io/token?service=registry.docker.io&scope=repository:rustfs/rustfs:pull' \
-              | jq -er '.token // empty') &&
-              curl --fail --silent --show-error --head --connect-timeout 10 --max-time 20 \
-                --header "Authorization: Bearer $token" \
-                --header 'Accept: application/vnd.oci.image.index.v1+json, application/vnd.docker.distribution.manifest.list.v2+json' \
-                "https://registry-1.docker.io/v2/rustfs/rustfs/manifests/$APP_VERSION" > /dev/null; then
-              echo "Release image is available: rustfs/rustfs:$APP_VERSION"
-              exit 0
-            fi
-            echo "Waiting for rustfs/rustfs:$APP_VERSION ($attempt/60)"
-            if (( attempt < 60 )); then
-              sleep 15
-            fi
-          done
-
-          echo "Release image is unavailable; refusing to publish Helm chart" >&2
-          exit 1
-
-      - name: Replace chart version and app version
-        env:
-          CHART_VERSION: ${{ steps.version.outputs.chart_version }}
-          APP_VERSION: ${{ steps.version.outputs.app_version }}
-        run: |
-          set -eux
-          sed -i -E "s/^version:.*/version: \"${CHART_VERSION}\"/" helm/rustfs/Chart.yaml
-          sed -i -E "s/^appVersion:.*/appVersion: \"${APP_VERSION}\"/" helm/rustfs/Chart.yaml
-
-      - name: Set up Helm
-        uses: azure/setup-helm@b9e51907a09c216f16ebe8536097933489208112 # v4.3.0
-
-      - name: Install yq
+      - uses: azure/setup-helm@b9e51907a09c216f16ebe8536097933489208112 # v4.3.0
+      - name: Install pinned yq
        run: |
          set -euo pipefail
          yq_version="4.54.1"
@@ -238,66 +35,43 @@ jobs:
          echo "$tools_dir" >> "$GITHUB_PATH"
          "$tools_dir/yq" --version

-      - name: Test Helm Chart Templates
-        run: ./scripts/test_helm_templates.sh
-
-      - name: Package Helm Chart
-        run: |
-          set -eux
-          cp helm/README.md helm/rustfs/
-          helm package ./helm/rustfs \
-            --destination helm/rustfs/ \
-            --version "${{ steps.version.outputs.chart_version }}"
-
-      - name: Upload helm package as artifact
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          name: helm-package
-          path: |
-            helm/rustfs/*.tgz
-            helm/rustfs/README.md
-          retention-days: 1
-
-  publish-helm-package:
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 30
-    needs: [ build-helm-package ]
-    if: needs.build-helm-package.result == 'success'
-
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout helm package repo
-        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
-        with:
-          # persist-credentials-exempt: this checkout's token IS the push credential —
-          # the job git-pushes to rustfs/helm below. Clearing it breaks chart publishing.
-          repository: rustfs/helm
-          token: ${{ secrets.RUSTFS_HELM_PACKAGE }}
-
-      - name: Download helm package
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
-        with:
-          name: helm-package
-          path: ./
-
-      - name: Set up helm
-        uses: azure/setup-helm@b9e51907a09c216f16ebe8536097933489208112 # v4.3.0
-
-      - name: Generate index
-        run: helm repo index . --url https://charts.rustfs.com
-
-      # app_version is derived from the triggering tag name, and this job holds
-      # the cross-repository push token with rustfs/helm already checked out —
-      # the worst place in the repo to paste an attacker-influenced string into
-      # a shell line. Passed through env so bash treats it as data.
-      - name: Push helm package and index file
+      - name: Test and package the exact application version
+        id: chart
        env:
-          GIT_USERNAME: ${{ secrets.USERNAME }}
-          GIT_EMAIL: ${{ secrets.EMAIL_ADDRESS }}
-          APP_VERSION: ${{ needs.build-helm-package.outputs.app_version }}
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+          CANDIDATE_MANIFEST: ${{ inputs.candidate_manifest }}
        run: |
-          set -eux
-          git config --global user.name "${GIT_USERNAME}"
-          git config --global user.email "${GIT_EMAIL}"
-          git add .
-          git commit -m "Update rustfs helm package with ${APP_VERSION}." || echo "No changes to commit"
-          git push origin main
+          python3 - <<'PYCHART'
+          import sys, subprocess, shutil
+          from pathlib import Path
+          sys.path.insert(0, 'scripts/release')
+          import candidate as c, pipeline
+          inputs = pipeline.manifest_env()
+          current = pipeline.current_run('release-complete.yml')
+          if any(a['name'] == 'helm-package' for a in c.artifact_list(current['id'])):
+              c.download_artifact(current, 'helm-package', 'chart')
+              record = c.read_json('chart/chart.json')
+              c.require(record['inputs_sha256'] == c.digest(inputs), 'chart belongs to another candidate')
+              c.emit_output('reused', 'true')
+          else:
+              chart = Path('helm/rustfs/Chart.yaml')
+              import re
+              value = chart.read_text()
+              for key in ('version', 'appVersion'):
+                  value, count = re.subn(rf'(?m)^{key}:.*$', f'{key}: "{inputs["version"]}"', value)
+                  c.require(count == 1, 'ambiguous chart metadata')
+              chart.write_text(value)
+              subprocess.run(['bash', 'scripts/test_helm_templates.sh'], check=True)
+              shutil.copyfile('helm/README.md', 'helm/rustfs/README.md')
+              subprocess.run(['helm', 'package', 'helm/rustfs', '--destination', 'chart'], check=True)
+              path = Path('chart') / f"rustfs-{inputs['version']}.tgz"
+              c.write_json('chart/chart.json', {'version': inputs['version'], 'inputs_sha256': c.digest(inputs),
+                                               'name': path.name, 'sha256': c.file_digest(path), 'size': path.stat().st_size})
+          PYCHART
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        if: steps.chart.outputs.reused != 'true'
+        with:
+          name: helm-package
+          path: chart/*
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 30
@@ -47,8 +47,8 @@ permissions:
  contents: read

 concurrency:
-  group: oidc-keycloak-live-${{ github.ref }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
+  group: oidc-keycloak-live-${{ github.event_name }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.event_name != 'schedule' }}

 jobs:
  oidc-keycloak-live:
@@ -1,840 +1,53 @@
-# Copyright 2024 RustFS Team
-#
-# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
-# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
-# You may obtain a copy of the License at
-#
-#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
-#
-# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
-# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
-# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
-# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
-# limitations under the License.
-
-# Package Workflow - Build DEB/RPM packages
-#
-# This workflow builds DEB and RPM packages from pre-built Linux binaries
-# and uploads them to Cloudflare R2 and the GitHub release.
-#
-# Trigger:
-# - workflow_run: automatically package after "Build and Release" completes
-#   for a release tag (the mac/windows/linux binaries are already uploaded
-#   to the GitHub release before packaging starts)
-# - workflow_dispatch: manual fallback with a release tag and/or exact build run ID
-#
-# Flow:
-# 1. Resolve and validate the selected Build workflow run and source identity
-# 2. Download Linux binaries (x86_64-gnu, aarch64-gnu, x86_64-musl,
-#    aarch64-musl) from build artifacts
-# 3. Build DEB packages for amd64 and arm64, gnu and musl variants
-# 4. Build RPM packages for x86_64 and aarch64, gnu and musl variants
-# 5. Upload all packages to Cloudflare R2 and the GitHub release
-
-name: Package DEB/RPM
-
-permissions:
-  # contents: write is required to upload packages to the GitHub release
-  contents: write
-  actions: read
-
+# Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+name: Build candidate packages
 on:
-  # Follows the same pattern as docker.yml: run after the release build
-  # workflow completes, so packaging is triggered only by release tags
-  # (e.g. 1.0.0-rc.2, 1.0.0-rc.3), never by development builds.
-  workflow_run:
-    workflows: [ "Build and Release" ]
-    types: [ completed ]
-  workflow_dispatch:
+  workflow_call:
    inputs:
-      tag:
-        description: "Release tag to package (e.g. 1.0.0-beta.12). Leave empty for latest main build."
-        required: false
+      candidate_manifest:
        type: string
-      build_run_id:
-        description: "Build workflow run ID (when combined with tag, both must identify the same release commit)"
-        required: false
-        type: string
-
-concurrency:
-  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_branch || github.event.inputs.tag || github.run_id }}
-  cancel-in-progress: true
-
-env:
-  HEAD_BRANCH: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.head_branch }}
-  WORKFLOW_RUN_ID: ${{ github.event.workflow_run.id }}
-
+        required: true
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  actions: read
 jobs:
-  # Resolve which build run to use and extract version info
-  resolve:
-    name: Resolve Build
-    # Auto-trigger only from successful tag builds of "Build and Release".
-    # Tag pushes arrive as event == push with head_branch != main (a
-    # non-main push head_branch is the release tag name). Manual dispatch
-    # stays available as a fallback for backfills and re-runs.
-    if: >-
-      github.event_name == 'workflow_dispatch' ||
-      (github.event.workflow_run.conclusion == 'success' &&
-       github.event.workflow_run.event == 'push' &&
-       github.event.workflow_run.head_branch != 'main')
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest # gh CLI required; the sm-standard-2 fleet does not ship it
-    timeout-minutes: 10
-    outputs:
-      version: ${{ steps.resolve.outputs.version }}
-      build_type: ${{ steps.resolve.outputs.build_type }}
-      build_run_id: ${{ steps.resolve.outputs.build_run_id }}
-      build_run_number: ${{ steps.resolve.outputs.build_run_number }}
-      head_sha: ${{ steps.resolve.outputs.head_sha }}
-      dev_sequence: ${{ steps.resolve.outputs.dev_sequence }}
-      tag: ${{ steps.resolve.outputs.tag }}
-    steps:
-      - name: Resolve build run
-        id: resolve
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
-          EVENT_NAME: ${{ github.event_name }}
-          REPOSITORY: ${{ github.repository }}
-          INPUT_TAG: ${{ github.event.inputs.tag }}
-          INPUT_RUN_ID: ${{ github.event.inputs.build_run_id }}
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-
-          fail() {
-            echo "❌ $1" >&2
-            exit 1
-          }
-
-          TAG=""
-          BUILD_RUN_ID=""
-          case "$EVENT_NAME" in
-            workflow_run)
-              TAG="$HEAD_BRANCH"
-              BUILD_RUN_ID="$WORKFLOW_RUN_ID"
-              ;;
-            workflow_dispatch)
-              TAG="$INPUT_TAG"
-              BUILD_RUN_ID="$INPUT_RUN_ID"
-              ;;
-            *) fail "unsupported event: $EVENT_NAME" ;;
-          esac
-
-          # Validate and classify tags before using them in API paths or logs.
-          semver_core='(0|[1-9][0-9]*)\.(0|[1-9][0-9]*)\.(0|[1-9][0-9]*)'
-          prerelease_id='(alpha|beta|rc)\.(0|[1-9][0-9]*)'
-          if [[ -n "$TAG" ]]; then
-            if [[ "$TAG" =~ ^${semver_core}(-${prerelease_id})?-preview\.(0|[1-9][0-9]*)$ ]]; then
-              BUILD_TYPE=preview
-            elif [[ "$TAG" =~ ^${semver_core}-${prerelease_id}$ ]]; then
-              BUILD_TYPE=prerelease
-            elif [[ "$TAG" =~ ^${semver_core}$ ]]; then
-              BUILD_TYPE=release
-            else
-              fail "tag is not a supported strict package version"
-            fi
-          else
-            BUILD_TYPE=development
-          fi
-
-          if [[ -n "$BUILD_RUN_ID" ]]; then
-            [[ "$BUILD_RUN_ID" =~ ^[1-9][0-9]*$ ]] || fail "build run ID must be a positive decimal integer"
-            echo "Using selected build run: $BUILD_RUN_ID"
-          elif [[ -n "$TAG" ]]; then
-            echo "Looking for build run for tag: $TAG"
-            BUILD_RUN_ID=$(gh api --method GET \
-              "repos/${REPOSITORY}/actions/workflows/build.yml/runs" \
-              -f branch="$TAG" -f status=success -F per_page=1 \
-              --jq '.workflow_runs[0].id // empty' 2>/dev/null || true)
-
-            if [[ -z "$BUILD_RUN_ID" ]]; then
-              BUILD_RUN_ID=$(gh api --method GET \
-                "repos/${REPOSITORY}/actions/workflows/build.yml/runs" \
-                -f event=push -f status=success -F per_page=100 2>/dev/null |
-                jq -r --arg tag "$TAG" \
-                  '[.workflow_runs[] | select(.head_branch == $tag)][0].id // empty' || true)
-            fi
-            [[ "$BUILD_RUN_ID" =~ ^[1-9][0-9]*$ ]] || fail "no successful build run found for tag"
-            echo "Found build run: $BUILD_RUN_ID"
-          else
-            echo "No tag specified, looking for latest main build"
-            BUILD_RUN_ID=$(gh api --method GET \
-              "repos/${REPOSITORY}/actions/workflows/build.yml/runs" \
-              -f branch=main -f status=success -F per_page=1 \
-              --jq '.workflow_runs[0].id // empty' 2>/dev/null || true)
-            [[ "$BUILD_RUN_ID" =~ ^[1-9][0-9]*$ ]] || fail "no successful main build found"
-            echo "Latest main build: $BUILD_RUN_ID"
-          fi
-
-          # Fetch once and use the same immutable run metadata for identity,
-          # ordering, workflow provenance, and release-channel validation.
-          RUN_JSON=$(gh api "repos/${REPOSITORY}/actions/runs/${BUILD_RUN_ID}") ||
-            fail "cannot read selected build run"
-          RUN_ID=$(jq -r '.id // empty' <<<"$RUN_JSON")
-          RUN_NUMBER=$(jq -r '.run_number // empty' <<<"$RUN_JSON")
-          RUN_STATUS=$(jq -r '.status // empty' <<<"$RUN_JSON")
-          RUN_CONCLUSION=$(jq -r '.conclusion // empty' <<<"$RUN_JSON")
-          RUN_PATH=$(jq -r '.path // empty' <<<"$RUN_JSON")
-          HEAD_SHA=$(jq -r '.head_sha // empty' <<<"$RUN_JSON")
-          RUN_HEAD_BRANCH=$(jq -r '.head_branch // empty' <<<"$RUN_JSON")
-
-          [[ "$RUN_ID" == "$BUILD_RUN_ID" ]] || fail "run metadata ID mismatch"
-          [[ "$RUN_NUMBER" =~ ^[1-9][0-9]*$ ]] || fail "build run number must be a positive decimal integer"
-          [[ "$RUN_STATUS" == completed && "$RUN_CONCLUSION" == success ]] || fail "selected build run is not successful"
-          [[ "$RUN_PATH" == .github/workflows/build.yml ]] || fail "selected run is not Build and Release"
-          [[ "$HEAD_SHA" =~ ^[0-9a-f]{40}$ ]] || fail "selected build run has an invalid head SHA"
-          [[ "$RUN_HEAD_BRANCH" != *$'\n'* && -n "$RUN_HEAD_BRANCH" ]] || fail "selected build run has an invalid head branch"
-
-          if [[ -n "$TAG" ]]; then
-            [[ "$RUN_HEAD_BRANCH" == "$TAG" ]] || fail "tag and build run head branch do not match"
-
-            TAG_REF_JSON=$(gh api "repos/${REPOSITORY}/git/ref/tags/${TAG}") ||
-              fail "cannot resolve release tag ref"
-            TAG_OBJECT_TYPE=$(jq -r '.object.type // empty' <<<"$TAG_REF_JSON")
-            TAG_OBJECT_SHA=$(jq -r '.object.sha // empty' <<<"$TAG_REF_JSON")
-            depth=0
-            while [[ "$TAG_OBJECT_TYPE" == tag && $depth -lt 5 ]]; do
-              TAG_OBJECT_JSON=$(gh api "repos/${REPOSITORY}/git/tags/${TAG_OBJECT_SHA}") ||
-                fail "cannot peel annotated release tag"
-              TAG_OBJECT_TYPE=$(jq -r '.object.type // empty' <<<"$TAG_OBJECT_JSON")
-              TAG_OBJECT_SHA=$(jq -r '.object.sha // empty' <<<"$TAG_OBJECT_JSON")
-              depth=$((depth + 1))
-            done
-            [[ "$TAG_OBJECT_TYPE" == commit && "$TAG_OBJECT_SHA" =~ ^[0-9a-f]{40}$ ]] ||
-              fail "release tag does not resolve to a commit"
-            [[ "$TAG_OBJECT_SHA" == "$HEAD_SHA" ]] || fail "release tag commit and build run head SHA do not match"
-            VERSION="$TAG"
-            DEV_SEQUENCE=""
-          else
-            VERSION="dev-${HEAD_SHA}"
-            DEV_SEQUENCE="$RUN_NUMBER"
-          fi
-
-          {
-            echo "version=$VERSION"
-            echo "build_type=$BUILD_TYPE"
-            echo "build_run_id=$BUILD_RUN_ID"
-            echo "build_run_number=$RUN_NUMBER"
-            echo "head_sha=$HEAD_SHA"
-            echo "dev_sequence=$DEV_SEQUENCE"
-            echo "tag=${TAG}"
-          } >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-
-          echo "📊 Resolved:"
-          echo "  Version: $VERSION"
-          echo "  Build type: $BUILD_TYPE"
-          echo "  Build run ID: $BUILD_RUN_ID"
-          echo "  Build run number: $RUN_NUMBER"
-
-  # Consume the trusted release certification of the resolved build run and
-  # verify the certified input digests before any package is wrapped. A run
-  # without that certification fails closed here; packages built later must
-  # complete their own verification and cannot inherit an unverified
-  # conclusion.
-  release-certification:
-    name: Release Certification
-    needs: resolve
-    if: needs.resolve.result == 'success'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest # gh CLI required; the sm-standard-2 fleet does not ship it
-    timeout-minutes: 30
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-      actions: read
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-
-      - name: Download and verify release certification
-        env:
-          GH_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RELEASE_VALIDATION_TOKEN || github.token }}
-          BUILD_RUN_ID: ${{ needs.resolve.outputs.build_run_id }}
-          BUILD_TYPE: ${{ needs.resolve.outputs.build_type }}
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          mkdir -p certification
-          if [[ "$BUILD_TYPE" == "development" ]]; then
-            # Development artifacts are explicitly uncertified and never touch
-            # official or latest channels; only the staging/dev paths remain.
-            jq -n '{schema_version: 1, certified: false, reason: "development artifacts are explicitly uncertified"}' \
-              > certification/development-uncertified.json
-            exit 0
-          fi
-          if ! gh run download "$BUILD_RUN_ID" -n release-certification -D certification; then
-            echo "Build run ${BUILD_RUN_ID} published no release-certification artifact; failing closed" >&2
-            exit 1
-          fi
-          python3 scripts/release/release_gate.py verify-promotion \
-            --plan .config/release-validation-plan.json \
-            --candidate certification/candidate.json \
-            --summary certification/release-gate-output \
-            --artifact-sha256 "$(jq -r '.deliverables[0].sha256' certification/candidate.json)" \
-            --artifact-name "$(jq -r '.deliverables[0].name' certification/candidate.json)"
-
-  # Build DEB and RPM packages for each architecture and libc variant
  package:
-    name: Package (${{ matrix.arch }}-${{ matrix.libc }})
-    needs: [ resolve, release-certification ]
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest # gh CLI required; the sm-standard-2 fleet does not ship it
-    timeout-minutes: 30
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 45
    strategy:
      fail-fast: false
-      max-parallel: 1
      matrix:
-        include:
-          - arch: x86_64
-            libc: gnu
-            deb_arch: amd64
-            rpm_arch: x86_64
-            artifact_name: "rustfs-linux-x86_64-gnu"
-            # gnu binaries dynamically link glibc; musl binaries are static
-            # and run without a libc dependency.
-            deb_depends: "libc6 (>= 2.31)"
-            rpm_depends: "glibc >= 2.31"
-          - arch: aarch64
-            libc: gnu
-            deb_arch: arm64
-            rpm_arch: aarch64
-            artifact_name: "rustfs-linux-aarch64-gnu"
-            deb_depends: "libc6 (>= 2.31)"
-            rpm_depends: "glibc >= 2.31"
-          - arch: x86_64
-            libc: musl
-            deb_arch: amd64
-            rpm_arch: x86_64
-            artifact_name: "rustfs-linux-x86_64-musl"
-            deb_depends: ""
-            rpm_depends: ""
-          - arch: aarch64
-            libc: musl
-            deb_arch: arm64
-            rpm_arch: aarch64
-            artifact_name: "rustfs-linux-aarch64-musl"
-            deb_depends: ""
-            rpm_depends: ""
+        target: [linux-x86_64-musl, linux-aarch64-musl, linux-x86_64-gnu, linux-aarch64-gnu]
    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
        with:
+          ref: ${{ fromJson(inputs.candidate_manifest).source_sha }}
          persist-credentials: false
-
-      - name: Normalize package metadata
-        id: versions
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          BUILD_TYPE: ${{ needs.resolve.outputs.build_type }}
-          SOURCE_VERSION: ${{ needs.resolve.outputs.version }}
-          DEV_SEQUENCE: ${{ needs.resolve.outputs.dev_sequence }}
-          ARCH: ${{ matrix.rpm_arch }}
-          LIBC: ${{ matrix.libc }}
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-
-          normalized=$(./scripts/release/package_versions.sh \
-            "$BUILD_TYPE" "$SOURCE_VERSION" "$DEV_SEQUENCE" "$ARCH" "$LIBC")
-          printf '%s\n' "$normalized" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-
-      - name: Download binary artifact from build run
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
-        with:
-          pattern: ${{ matrix.artifact_name }}*
-          path: ./binary-artifact
-          run-id: ${{ needs.resolve.outputs.build_run_id }}
-          github-token: ${{ github.token }}
-          merge-multiple: true
-
-      - name: Extract binary
-        id: binary
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-
-          ZIP_FILE=$(find ./binary-artifact -name "*.zip" -type f | head -1)
-          if [[ -z "$ZIP_FILE" ]]; then
-            echo "❌ No binary artifact found"
-            find ./binary-artifact -mindepth 1 -maxdepth 1 -print 2>/dev/null || true
-            exit 1
-          fi
-
-          echo "Found artifact: $ZIP_FILE"
-
-          mkdir -p ./bin
-          unzip -o "$ZIP_FILE" -d ./bin
-
-          if [[ ! -f ./bin/rustfs ]]; then
-            echo "❌ rustfs binary not found in archive"
-            exit 1
-          fi
-
-          chmod +x ./bin/rustfs
-          stat --printf='%n %s bytes\n' ./bin/rustfs
-          echo "✅ Binary extracted"
-
-      - name: Build DEB package
-        id: deb
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          DEB_VERSION: ${{ steps.versions.outputs.deb_version }}
-          DEB_ARCH: ${{ matrix.deb_arch }}
-          DEB_FILE: ${{ steps.versions.outputs.deb_file }}
-          DEB_DEPENDS: ${{ matrix.deb_depends }}
-          LIBC: ${{ matrix.libc }}
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-
-          PKG_DIR="${DEB_FILE%.deb}"
-
-          echo "Building DEB: ${DEB_FILE}"
-
-          mkdir -p "${PKG_DIR}/DEBIAN"
-          mkdir -p "${PKG_DIR}/usr/bin"
-          mkdir -p "${PKG_DIR}/etc/default"
-          mkdir -p "${PKG_DIR}/lib/systemd/system"
-          mkdir -p "${PKG_DIR}/usr/share/doc/rustfs"
-
-          cp ./bin/rustfs "${PKG_DIR}/usr/bin/"
-          chmod 755 "${PKG_DIR}/usr/bin/rustfs"
-
-          cp deploy/build/rustfs.service "${PKG_DIR}/lib/systemd/system/"
-
-          cat > "${PKG_DIR}/etc/default/rustfs" << 'ENVEOF'
-          # RustFS Environment Configuration
-          # See https://docs.rustfs.com for more information
-          # RUSTFS_ACCESS_KEY=<changeme>
-          # RUSTFS_SECRET_KEY=<changeme>
-          # RUSTFS_VOLUMES=""
-          # RUSTFS_ADDRESS=":9000"
-          # RUSTFS_CONSOLE_ADDRESS=":9001"
-          # RUSTFS_CONSOLE_ENABLE=true
-          # RUSTFS_OBS_LOGGER_LEVEL=error
-          # RUSTFS_OBS_LOG_DIRECTORY="/var/log/rustfs/"
-          ENVEOF
-
-          cat > "${PKG_DIR}/DEBIAN/control" << EOF
-          Package: rustfs
-          Version: ${DEB_VERSION}
-          Section: utils
-          Priority: optional
-          Architecture: ${DEB_ARCH}
-          EOF
-
-          # gnu binaries dynamically link glibc and must declare it; musl
-          # binaries are statically linked and need no libc dependency.
-          if [[ -n "$DEB_DEPENDS" ]]; then
-            echo "Depends: ${DEB_DEPENDS}" >> "${PKG_DIR}/DEBIAN/control"
-          fi
-
-          cat >> "${PKG_DIR}/DEBIAN/control" << EOF
-          Maintainer: RustFS Team <support@rustfs.com>
-          Description: High-performance distributed object storage (${LIBC} build)
-           RustFS is a high-performance distributed object storage software
-           built using Rust. It is compatible with MinIO and S3 API.
-          Homepage: https://rustfs.com
-          EOF
-
-          # Declare /etc/default/rustfs as a conffile so dpkg preserves user
-          # modifications on upgrade instead of silently overwriting them.
-          cat > "${PKG_DIR}/DEBIAN/conffiles" << 'CONFFILES'
-          /etc/default/rustfs
-          CONFFILES
-
-          ./scripts/release/package_service_scripts.sh after-install > "${PKG_DIR}/DEBIAN/postinst"
-          chmod 755 "${PKG_DIR}/DEBIAN/postinst"
-
-          ./scripts/release/package_service_scripts.sh before-remove > "${PKG_DIR}/DEBIAN/prerm"
-          chmod 755 "${PKG_DIR}/DEBIAN/prerm"
-
-          ./scripts/release/package_service_scripts.sh after-remove > "${PKG_DIR}/DEBIAN/postrm"
-          chmod 755 "${PKG_DIR}/DEBIAN/postrm"
-
-          cp LICENSE "${PKG_DIR}/usr/share/doc/rustfs/"
-          cp README.md "${PKG_DIR}/usr/share/doc/rustfs/"
-
-          fakeroot dpkg-deb --build "${PKG_DIR}" "$DEB_FILE"
-
-          [[ $(dpkg-deb -f "$DEB_FILE" Package) == rustfs ]]
-          [[ $(dpkg-deb -f "$DEB_FILE" Version) == "$DEB_VERSION" ]]
-          [[ $(dpkg-deb -f "$DEB_FILE" Architecture) == "$DEB_ARCH" ]]
-          dpkg-deb --fsys-tarfile "$DEB_FILE" | tar -tf - | grep -Fx './usr/bin/rustfs' >/dev/null
-          stat --printf='%n %s bytes\n' "$DEB_FILE"
-          echo "deb_file=$DEB_FILE" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-          echo "✅ DEB built: $DEB_FILE"
-
-      - name: Build RPM package
-        id: rpm
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          RPM_VERSION: ${{ steps.versions.outputs.rpm_version }}
-          RPM_RELEASE: ${{ steps.versions.outputs.rpm_release }}
-          RPM_ARCH: ${{ matrix.rpm_arch }}
-          RPM_FILE: ${{ steps.versions.outputs.rpm_file }}
-          RPM_DEPENDS: ${{ matrix.rpm_depends }}
-          LIBC: ${{ matrix.libc }}
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-
-          echo "Building RPM for ${RPM_ARCH} (${LIBC})"
-
-          sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y ruby ruby-dev build-essential rpm
-          sudo gem install fpm
-          ./scripts/test_package_versions.sh --require-package-managers
-
-          # gnu binaries dynamically link glibc and must declare it; musl
-          # binaries are statically linked and need no libc dependency.
-          depends_args=()
-          if [[ -n "$RPM_DEPENDS" ]]; then
-            depends_args+=(--depends "$RPM_DEPENDS")
-          fi
-
-          # Create config file for fpm (DEB build creates it in its package dir structure,
-          # but fpm needs the file to exist before packaging)
-          mkdir -p ./tmp-pkg/etc/default
-          cat > ./tmp-pkg/etc/default/rustfs << 'ENVEOF'
-          # RustFS Environment Configuration
-          # See https://docs.rustfs.com for more information
-          # RUSTFS_ACCESS_KEY=<changeme>
-          # RUSTFS_SECRET_KEY=<changeme>
-          # RUSTFS_VOLUMES=""
-          # RUSTFS_ADDRESS=":9000"
-          # RUSTFS_CONSOLE_ADDRESS=":9001"
-          # RUSTFS_CONSOLE_ENABLE=true
-          # RUSTFS_OBS_LOGGER_LEVEL=error
-          # RUSTFS_OBS_LOG_DIRECTORY="/var/log/rustfs/"
-          ENVEOF
-
-          fpm -s dir -t rpm \
-            --name rustfs \
-            --version "$RPM_VERSION" \
-            --iteration "$RPM_RELEASE" \
-            --architecture "$RPM_ARCH" \
-            --package "$RPM_FILE" \
-            "${depends_args[@]}" \
-            --description "High-performance distributed object storage (${LIBC} build)" \
-            --maintainer "RustFS Team <support@rustfs.com>" \
-            --url "https://rustfs.com" \
-            --license "Apache-2.0" \
-            --before-install <(./scripts/release/package_service_scripts.sh rpm-before-install) \
-            --before-upgrade <(./scripts/release/package_service_scripts.sh rpm-before-upgrade) \
-            --after-install <(./scripts/release/package_service_scripts.sh after-install) \
-            --after-upgrade <(./scripts/release/package_service_scripts.sh after-install) \
-            --before-remove <(./scripts/release/package_service_scripts.sh before-remove) \
-            --after-remove <(./scripts/release/package_service_scripts.sh after-remove) \
-            --rpm-posttrans <(./scripts/release/package_service_scripts.sh rpm-posttrans) \
-            --config-files /etc/default/rustfs \
-            ./bin/rustfs=/usr/bin/rustfs \
-            ./tmp-pkg/etc/default/rustfs=/etc/default/rustfs \
-            deploy/build/rustfs.service=/lib/systemd/system/rustfs.service \
-            LICENSE=/usr/share/doc/rustfs/LICENSE \
-            README.md=/usr/share/doc/rustfs/README.md
-
-          if [[ ! -f "$RPM_FILE" ]]; then
-            echo "❌ RPM build failed"
-            exit 1
-          fi
-
-          RPM_METADATA=$(rpm -qp --qf '%{NAME}\n%{VERSION}\n%{RELEASE}\n%{ARCH}\n' "$RPM_FILE")
-          EXPECTED_METADATA=$(printf 'rustfs\n%s\n%s\n%s' "$RPM_VERSION" "$RPM_RELEASE" "$RPM_ARCH")
-          [[ "$RPM_METADATA" == "$EXPECTED_METADATA" ]]
-          rpm -qpl "$RPM_FILE" | grep -Fx '/usr/bin/rustfs' >/dev/null
-          stat --printf='%n %s bytes\n' "$RPM_FILE"
-          echo "rpm_file=$RPM_FILE" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
-          echo "✅ RPM built: $RPM_FILE"
-
-      - name: Download certification evidence
-        if: needs.resolve.outputs.build_type != 'development'
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
-        with:
-          name: release-certification
-          path: ./certification
-
-      # Later-built wrapper verification: the binary inside each package must
-      # match the certified binary digest for this platform before anything is
-      # uploaded, and the package itself stays on staging until promotion.
-      - name: Verify wrapped binary against certification
-        if: needs.resolve.outputs.build_type != 'development'
-        shell: bash
-        env:
-          DEB_FILE: ${{ steps.deb.outputs.deb_file }}
-          RPM_FILE: ${{ steps.rpm.outputs.rpm_file }}
-          ARTIFACT_NAME: ${{ matrix.artifact_name }}
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-          expected="$(jq -r --arg needle "$ARTIFACT_NAME" \
-            '[.deliverables[] | select(.name | contains($needle)) | .binary_sha256][0] // empty' \
-            certification/candidate.json)"
-          if [[ -z "$expected" ]]; then
-            echo "No certified binary digest recorded for ${ARTIFACT_NAME}" >&2
-            exit 1
-          fi
-          if ! command -v rpm2cpio >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-            sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y rpm2cpio
-          fi
-          if ! command -v cpio >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-            sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y cpio
-          fi
-          for package_file in "$DEB_FILE" "$RPM_FILE"; do
-            case "$package_file" in
-              *.deb)
-                dpkg-deb --fsys-tarfile "$package_file" | tar -xOf - ./usr/bin/rustfs > "$RUNNER_TEMP/wrapped-rustfs"
-                ;;
-              *.rpm)
-                rpm2cpio "$package_file" | cpio -i --to-stdout ./usr/bin/rustfs > "$RUNNER_TEMP/wrapped-rustfs"
-                ;;
-            esac
-            python3 scripts/release/release_gate.py verify-promotion \
-              --plan .config/release-validation-plan.json \
-              --candidate certification/candidate.json \
-              --summary certification/release-gate-output \
-              --artifact "$RUNNER_TEMP/wrapped-rustfs" \
-              --artifact-role binary
-          done
-
-      - name: Upload packages to artifacts
-        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
-        with:
-          name: packages-${{ matrix.arch }}-${{ matrix.libc }}
-          path: |
-            *.deb
-            *.rpm
-          retention-days: 30
-
-      - name: Upload packages to Cloudflare R2
-        if: needs.resolve.outputs.build_type != 'preview' && env.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID != ''
-        env:
-          R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
-          R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
-          R2_ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.R2_ENDPOINT }}
-          R2_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.R2_BUCKET }}
-          AWS_EC2_METADATA_DISABLED: true
-          BUILD_TYPE: ${{ needs.resolve.outputs.build_type }}
-          DEB_FILE: ${{ steps.deb.outputs.deb_file }}
-          RPM_FILE: ${{ steps.rpm.outputs.rpm_file }}
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-
-          if [[ -z "$R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID" || -z "$R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY" || -z "$R2_ENDPOINT" || -z "$R2_BUCKET" ]]; then
-            echo "⚠️ R2 credentials missing, skipping upload"
-            exit 0
-          fi
-
-          if ! command -v aws >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-            sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y awscli
-          fi
-
-          export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID="$R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID"
-          export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY="$R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY"
-          export AWS_DEFAULT_REGION="auto"
-
-          # Build-phase writes stay on staging for release types: the official
-          # packages/release and packages/latest paths are written only by the
-          # certification-gated promote-packages job, from these same staged
-          # objects. Development packages keep the uncertified dev channel.
-          if [[ "$BUILD_TYPE" == "development" ]]; then
-            R2_PREFIX="artifacts/rustfs/packages/dev"
-          else
-            R2_PREFIX="artifacts/rustfs/packages/staging/${GITHUB_RUN_ID}/${GITHUB_RUN_ATTEMPT}"
-          fi
-          R2_PATH="s3://${R2_BUCKET}/${R2_PREFIX}/"
-
-          echo "📤 Uploading to $R2_PATH"
-
-          for f in "$DEB_FILE" "$RPM_FILE"; do
-            if [[ -n "$f" && -f "$f" ]]; then
-              echo "Uploading: $f"
-              aws s3 cp "$f" "$R2_PATH" --endpoint-url "$R2_ENDPOINT" --only-show-errors
-            fi
-          done
-
-          echo "✅ Upload complete"
-
-      - name: Upload packages to GitHub Release
-        if: needs.resolve.outputs.tag != ''
+      - name: Reuse completed package set
+        id: reuse
        env:
          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
-          TAG: ${{ needs.resolve.outputs.tag }}
-          DEB_FILE: ${{ steps.deb.outputs.deb_file }}
-          RPM_FILE: ${{ steps.rpm.outputs.rpm_file }}
-        shell: bash
+          CANDIDATE_MANIFEST: ${{ inputs.candidate_manifest }}
+          TARGET: ${{ matrix.target }}
+        run: python3 scripts/release/deliver.py reuse --kind packages --target "$TARGET"
+      - name: Install packaging tools
+        if: steps.reuse.outputs.reused != 'true'
        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-
-          # Upload the packages, then refresh the release checksums so the new
-          # assets are covered, matching the binary release flow.
-          for f in "$DEB_FILE" "$RPM_FILE"; do
-            if [[ -n "$f" && -f "$f" ]]; then
-              echo "📤 Uploading $(basename "$f") to GitHub release ${TAG}..."
-              gh release upload "$TAG" "$f" --clobber
-            fi
-          done
-
-          CHECKSUM_DIR="$(mktemp -d)"
-          gh release download "$TAG" -p 'SHA256SUMS' -p 'SHA512SUMS' \
-            -D "$CHECKSUM_DIR" --clobber
-
-          for spec in "SHA256SUMS:sha256sum" "SHA512SUMS:sha512sum"; do
-            asset="${spec%%:*}"
-            checksum_cmd="${spec##*:}"
-            checksum_file="${CHECKSUM_DIR}/${asset}"
-
-            for f in "$DEB_FILE" "$RPM_FILE"; do
-              if [[ -n "$f" && -f "$f" ]]; then
-                base="$(basename "$f")"
-                # GitHub stores release asset names with '~' normalized to '.'.
-                # Current package file names embed the raw tag and contain no
-                # '~', but older releases may still ship such assets, so the
-                # checksum entries must reference the name as stored on the
-                # release.
-                github_base="${base//\~/.}"
-                # Remove any stale entry (both naming variants), then append
-                grep -Fv -- "$base" "$checksum_file" > "${checksum_file}.tmp" || true
-                grep -Fv -- "$github_base" "${checksum_file}.tmp" > "${checksum_file}.tmp2" || true
-                mv "${checksum_file}.tmp2" "$checksum_file"
-                digest=$("$checksum_cmd" -- "$f" | awk '{print $1}')
-                printf '%s  %s\n' "$digest" "$github_base" >> "$checksum_file"
-              fi
-            done
-
-            echo "📤 Updating ${asset} for release ${TAG}..."
-            gh release upload "$TAG" "$checksum_file" --clobber
-          done
-
-          echo "✅ GitHub release assets updated"
-
-  # The only writer of the official packages/release and packages/latest R2
-  # paths. Promotion re-checks each package's wrapped binary against the
-  # passed certification list and copies the staged objects byte-for-byte:
-  # no rebuild-after-verify, no mutable latest resolution downstream.
-  promote-packages:
-    name: Promote Packages
-    needs: [ resolve, package, release-certification ]
-    # Target-channel lock for the official package paths.
-    concurrency:
-      group: release-channel-r2-packages
-      cancel-in-progress: false
-    if: needs.resolve.outputs.tag != '' && (needs.resolve.outputs.build_type == 'release' || needs.resolve.outputs.build_type == 'prerelease')
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest # gh CLI required; the sm-standard-2 fleet does not ship it
-    timeout-minutes: 30
-    permissions:
-      contents: read
-      actions: read
-    env:
-      R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
-      R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
-      R2_ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.R2_ENDPOINT }}
-      R2_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.R2_BUCKET }}
-      AWS_EC2_METADATA_DISABLED: true
-    steps:
-      - name: Checkout repository
-        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
-        with:
-          persist-credentials: false
-
-      - name: Download packages and certification
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
-        with:
-          path: ./packages
-          pattern: packages-*
-          merge-multiple: true
-
-      - name: Download certification evidence
-        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
-        with:
-          name: release-certification
-          path: ./certification
-
-      - name: Verify and promote staged packages
-        shell: bash
-        run: |
-          set -euo pipefail
-
-          if [[ -z "$R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID" || -z "$R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY" || -z "$R2_ENDPOINT" || -z "$R2_BUCKET" ]]; then
-            echo "❌ R2 credentials missing; refusing to promote to the official channel" >&2
-            exit 1
-          fi
-
-          STAGING_PREFIX="s3://${R2_BUCKET}/artifacts/rustfs/packages/staging/${GITHUB_RUN_ID}/${GITHUB_RUN_ATTEMPT}/"
-          RELEASE_PATH="s3://${R2_BUCKET}/artifacts/rustfs/packages/release/"
-          LATEST_PATH="s3://${R2_BUCKET}/artifacts/rustfs/packages/latest/"
-
-          if ! command -v aws >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-            sudo apt-get update && sudo apt-get install -y awscli
-          fi
-          export AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID="$R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID"
-          export AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY="$R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY"
-          export AWS_DEFAULT_REGION="auto"
-
-          if ! command -v rpm2cpio >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-            sudo apt-get install -y rpm2cpio
-          fi
-          if ! command -v cpio >/dev/null 2>&1; then
-            sudo apt-get install -y cpio
-          fi
-
-          promoted=0
-          for package_file in packages/*.deb packages/*.rpm; do
-            [[ -f "$package_file" ]] || continue
-            name="$(basename "$package_file")"
-            case "$package_file" in
-              *.deb)
-                dpkg-deb --fsys-tarfile "$package_file" | tar -xOf - ./usr/bin/rustfs > "$RUNNER_TEMP/wrapped-rustfs"
-                ;;
-              *.rpm)
-                rpm2cpio "$package_file" | cpio -i --to-stdout ./usr/bin/rustfs > "$RUNNER_TEMP/wrapped-rustfs"
-                ;;
-            esac
-            python3 scripts/release/release_gate.py verify-promotion \
-              --plan .config/release-validation-plan.json \
-              --candidate certification/candidate.json \
-              --summary certification/release-gate-output \
-              --artifact "$RUNNER_TEMP/wrapped-rustfs" \
-              --artifact-role binary
-
-            staged="$(mktemp)"
-            aws s3 cp "${STAGING_PREFIX}${name}" "$staged" --endpoint-url "$R2_ENDPOINT" --only-show-errors
-            staged_sha="$(sha256sum "$staged" | awk '{print $1}')"
-            built_sha="$(sha256sum "$package_file" | awk '{print $1}')"
-            if [[ "$staged_sha" != "$built_sha" ]]; then
-              echo "❌ Staged package ${name} does not match the verified bytes" >&2
-              exit 1
-            fi
-            aws s3 cp "$staged" "${RELEASE_PATH}${name}" --endpoint-url "$R2_ENDPOINT" --only-show-errors
-            aws s3 cp "$staged" "${LATEST_PATH}${name}" --endpoint-url "$R2_ENDPOINT" --only-show-errors
-            rm -f "$staged"
-            promoted=$((promoted + 1))
-            echo "✅ Promoted ${name} (${built_sha})"
-          done
-          if [[ "$promoted" -eq 0 ]]; then
-            echo "No staged packages found to promote" >&2
-            exit 1
-          fi
-
-  # Summary
-  summary:
-    name: Summary
-    needs: [ resolve, package ]
-    # Every completed Build and Release run triggers this workflow; when
-    # resolve declined it (not a release tag), there is nothing to summarise.
-    if: always() && needs.resolve.result != 'skipped'
-    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
-    timeout-minutes: 5
-    steps:
-      - name: Print summary
-        shell: bash
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y ruby ruby-dev build-essential rpm fakeroot cpio
+          sudo gem install fpm --version 1.17.0 --no-document
+      - name: Package accepted executable and verify contents
+        if: steps.reuse.outputs.reused != 'true'
        env:
-          SUMMARY_VERSION: ${{ needs.resolve.outputs.version }}
-          SUMMARY_BUILD_TYPE: ${{ needs.resolve.outputs.build_type }}
-          SUMMARY_BUILD_RUN_ID: ${{ needs.resolve.outputs.build_run_id }}
-          SUMMARY_PACKAGE_STATUS: ${{ needs.package.result }}
-        run: |
-          {
-            echo "## 📦 Package Summary"
-            echo ""
-            echo "| Item | Value |"
-            echo "|------|-------|"
-            echo "| Version | \`${SUMMARY_VERSION}\` |"
-            echo "| Build Type | ${SUMMARY_BUILD_TYPE} |"
-            echo "| Build Run | #${SUMMARY_BUILD_RUN_ID} |"
-            echo "| Package Status | ${SUMMARY_PACKAGE_STATUS} |"
-          } >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+          CANDIDATE_MANIFEST: ${{ inputs.candidate_manifest }}
+          TARGET: ${{ matrix.target }}
+        run: python3 scripts/release/deliver.py package --target "$TARGET" --output delivery
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        if: steps.reuse.outputs.reused != 'true'
+        with:
+          name: packages-${{ matrix.target }}
+          path: delivery/*
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          compression-level: 0
+          retention-days: 30
@@ -0,0 +1,308 @@
+# Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# s3-tests reference parity lane (rustfs/backlog#2773).
+#
+# Runs the ceph/s3-tests implemented list (scripts/s3-tests/implemented_tests.txt)
+# against every target in .config/reference-parity-targets.toml and fails on
+# any per-node-id difference between a candidate and the reference:
+#
+#   - reference: the release pinned in .config/reference-binary.toml, downloaded
+#     and sha256-verified by .github/actions/reference-binary;
+#   - candidate targets: the debug binary built from this checkout exactly as
+#     ci.yml's build-rustfs-debug-binary job builds it for S3 Implemented Tests.
+#
+# Every target runs the same harness (scripts/s3-tests/run.sh from this
+# checkout), test list and server configuration on its own hosted runner. A
+# target's failures get one rerun against a fresh server; a case that passes it
+# is flaky, not a difference. scripts/s3-tests/reference_parity.py judges the
+# result and honours .config/reference-parity-tolerated.txt, whose entries must
+# each match a real difference.
+#
+# Report-only: not part of the Test and Lint aggregate. Scheduled failures are
+# owned by the scheduled-validation watchdog (.github/scheduled-validations.json).
+
+name: Reference Parity
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - ".github/workflows/reference-parity.yml"
+      - ".github/actions/reference-binary/**"
+      - ".config/reference-binary.toml"
+      - ".config/reference-parity-targets.toml"
+      - ".config/reference-parity-tolerated.txt"
+      - "scripts/s3-tests/reference_parity.py"
+      - "scripts/junit_diff.py"
+  schedule:
+    - cron: "37 1 * * *"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+
+# Matches ci.yml: these variables are hashed into the rust-cache key, so the
+# candidate build reads the same ci-dev cache as build-rustfs-debug-binary.
+env:
+  CARGO_TERM_COLOR: always
+  RUST_BACKTRACE: 1
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: true
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+defaults:
+  run:
+    shell: bash
+
+jobs:
+  plan:
+    name: Plan parity targets
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 5
+    outputs:
+      targets: ${{ steps.targets.outputs.targets }}
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Validate target list
+        id: targets
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          targets="$(python3 scripts/s3-tests/reference_parity.py targets --config .config/reference-parity-targets.toml)"
+          echo "targets=${targets}" >> "$GITHUB_OUTPUT"
+          echo "Parity targets: ${targets}"
+
+  build-candidate:
+    name: Build candidate binary
+    # Critical-path CPU and cache ownership: the same debug build as ci.yml's
+    # build-rustfs-debug-binary, reading the ci-dev cache written on sm-standard-4.
+    runs-on: sm-standard-4
+    timeout-minutes: 60
+    env:
+      FORCE_JAVASCRIPT_ACTIONS_TO_NODE24: "true"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Setup Rust environment
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup
+        with:
+          rust-version: stable
+          cache-shared-key: ci-dev
+          cache-save-if: 'false'
+          install-build-packaging-tools: 'false'
+
+      - name: Build debug binary
+        run: python3 scripts/e2e_binary.py build --bins --features e2e-test-hooks
+
+      - name: Upload candidate binary
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: reference-parity-candidate-binary
+          overwrite: true
+          path: |
+            target/debug/rustfs
+            target/debug/rustfs.e2e.json
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 1
+
+  s3tests:
+    name: s3-tests (${{ matrix.target.name }})
+    needs: [ plan, build-candidate ]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 75
+    strategy:
+      fail-fast: false
+      matrix:
+        target: ${{ fromJSON(needs.plan.outputs.targets) }}
+    env:
+      TARGET_NAME: ${{ matrix.target.name }}
+      TARGET_KIND: ${{ matrix.target.binary }}
+      # Above this many first-run failures the target is systemically broken;
+      # a rerun would only repeat it, so the first run is judged as is.
+      RERUN_CAP: "50"
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Fetch pinned reference binary
+        id: reference
+        if: matrix.target.binary == 'reference'
+        uses: ./.github/actions/reference-binary
+
+      - name: Download candidate binary
+        if: matrix.target.binary == 'candidate'
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
+        with:
+          name: reference-parity-candidate-binary
+          path: target/debug
+
+      - name: Select target binary
+        env:
+          REFERENCE_PATH: ${{ steps.reference.outputs.path }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          case "$TARGET_KIND" in
+            reference) binary="$REFERENCE_PATH" ;;
+            candidate) chmod +x target/debug/rustfs; binary="$PWD/target/debug/rustfs" ;;
+            *) echo "unknown target binary kind: $TARGET_KIND" >&2; exit 1 ;;
+          esac
+          test -x "$binary"
+          echo "TARGET_BINARY=$binary" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+          mkdir -p "parity/$TARGET_NAME"
+          {
+            echo "target=$TARGET_NAME"
+            echo "binary=$TARGET_KIND"
+            echo "sha256=$(sha256sum "$binary" | cut -d' ' -f1)"
+            echo "version=$("$binary" --version | tr '\n' ' ')"
+          } | tee "parity/$TARGET_NAME/target.txt"
+
+      - name: Apply target environment
+        env:
+          TARGET_JSON: ${{ toJSON(matrix.target) }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          python3 scripts/s3-tests/reference_parity.py export-env --target-json "$TARGET_JSON" \
+            | tee -a "$GITHUB_ENV" "parity/$TARGET_NAME/target-env.txt"
+
+      - name: Run implemented s3-tests
+        run: |
+          set -uo pipefail
+          report="parity/$TARGET_NAME"
+          harness="artifacts/s3tests-single"
+
+          # Same invocation as ci.yml's S3 Implemented Tests, with a fresh data
+          # root and port per run. $1 optionally replaces the test list.
+          run_suite() {
+            local list="$1" label="$2" root port
+            root="${RUNNER_TEMP}/rustfs-s3tests-${label}"
+            rm -rf "$harness" "$root"
+            mkdir -p "$root"
+            port="$(python3 -c 'import socket; s=socket.socket(); s.bind(("127.0.0.1", 0)); print(s.getsockname()[1]); s.close()')"
+            env DEPLOY_MODE=binary \
+              RUSTFS_BINARY="$TARGET_BINARY" \
+              TEST_MODE=single \
+              MAXFAIL=0 \
+              XDIST=4 \
+              S3_PORT="$port" \
+              DATA_ROOT="$root" \
+              S3TESTS_CONF="$harness/s3tests.conf" \
+              ${list:+IMPLEMENTED_TESTS_FILE="$list"} \
+              ./scripts/s3-tests/run.sh
+          }
+
+          # A run is usable only if it produced a JUnit report; test failures
+          # are data for the comparison, a missing report is a lane failure.
+          keep() {
+            local prefix="$1"
+            for file in pytest.log compat-report.md; do
+              if [[ -f "$harness/$file" ]]; then cp "$harness/$file" "$report/${prefix}${file}"; fi
+            done
+            if [[ -f "$harness/rustfs-single/rustfs.log" ]]; then cp "$harness/rustfs-single/rustfs.log" "$report/${prefix}rustfs.log"; fi
+            test -s "$harness/junit.xml" || { echo "::error::$TARGET_NAME produced no JUnit report (${prefix:-first} run)"; return 1; }
+            cp "$harness/junit.xml" "$report/${prefix}junit.xml"
+          }
+
+          run_suite "" first
+          echo "first_run_exit=$?" >> "$report/target.txt"
+          keep "" || exit 1
+          cp "$harness/selected-nodeids.txt" "$report/selected-nodeids.txt" || exit 1
+
+          failures="$(python3 scripts/s3-tests/reference_parity.py failed --report "$report")" || exit 1
+          count="$(printf '%s' "$failures" | grep -c . || true)"
+          echo "first_run_failures=$count" >> "$report/target.txt"
+          if (( count == 0 )); then
+            exit 0
+          fi
+          if (( count > RERUN_CAP )); then
+            echo "::warning::$TARGET_NAME has $count failures (cap $RERUN_CAP); judging the first run without a rerun"
+            echo "rerun=skipped-over-cap" >> "$report/target.txt"
+            exit 0
+          fi
+          printf '%s\n' "$failures" > "$RUNNER_TEMP/rerun-tests.txt"
+          run_suite "$RUNNER_TEMP/rerun-tests.txt" rerun
+          echo "rerun_exit=$?" >> "$report/target.txt"
+          keep rerun- || exit 1
+
+      - name: Upload target report
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: reference-parity-report-${{ matrix.target.name }}
+          overwrite: true
+          path: parity/${{ matrix.target.name }}/
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 14
+
+  compare:
+    name: Compare targets
+    needs: [ plan, s3tests ]
+    if: always() && needs.plan.result == 'success'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Download target reports
+        uses: actions/download-artifact@3e5f45b2cfb9172054b4087a40e8e0b5a5461e7c # v8.0.1
+        with:
+          pattern: reference-parity-report-*
+          path: parity-download
+
+      - name: Compare per node id
+        env:
+          TARGETS: ${{ needs.plan.outputs.targets }}
+          S3TESTS_RESULT: ${{ needs.s3tests.result }}
+        run: |
+          set -uo pipefail
+          mkdir -p parity
+          for dir in parity-download/reference-parity-report-*; do
+            if [[ -d "$dir" ]]; then mv "$dir" "parity/${dir#parity-download/reference-parity-report-}"; fi
+          done
+          python3 scripts/s3-tests/reference_parity.py compare \
+            --targets-json "$TARGETS" \
+            --reports parity \
+            --tolerated .config/reference-parity-tolerated.txt \
+            --markdown "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY" \
+            --json parity/diff.json > parity/diff.md
+          status=$?
+          cat parity/diff.md
+          if [[ "$S3TESTS_RESULT" != "success" ]]; then
+            echo "::error::s3-tests target jobs finished with '$S3TESTS_RESULT'"
+            status=1
+          fi
+          exit "$status"
+
+      - name: Upload parity diff
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: reference-parity-diff
+          overwrite: true
+          path: |
+            parity/diff.md
+            parity/diff.json
+          if-no-files-found: warn
+          retention-days: 14
@@ -0,0 +1,133 @@
+# Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+name: Release candidate (Linux)
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      version:
+        description: Final product version (no preview suffix)
+        type: string
+        required: true
+      source_sha:
+        description: Full reviewed source commit
+        type: string
+        required: true
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  actions: read
+concurrency:
+  group: release-candidate-${{ inputs.version }}
+  cancel-in-progress: false
+jobs:
+  freeze:
+    if: github.repository == 'rustfs/rustfs' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 15
+    outputs:
+      manifest: ${{ steps.freeze.outputs.manifest }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Freeze or recover original inputs
+        id: freeze
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+          VERSION: ${{ inputs.version }}
+          SOURCE_SHA: ${{ inputs.source_sha }}
+        run: python3 scripts/release/pipeline.py prepare --version "$VERSION" --source "$SOURCE_SHA" --directory frozen
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        if: steps.freeze.outputs.reused != 'true'
+        with:
+          name: release-inputs
+          path: frozen/inputs.json
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 30
+  linux:
+    needs: freeze
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/build.yml
+    with:
+      candidate_manifest: ${{ needs.freeze.outputs.manifest }}
+      platforms: linux
+  upgrade:
+    needs: [freeze, linux]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 150
+    env:
+      RUSTUP_TOOLCHAIN: ${{ fromJson(needs.freeze.outputs.manifest).toolchain }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          ref: ${{ fromJson(needs.freeze.outputs.manifest).workflow_sha }}
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - uses: ./.github/actions/setup
+        with:
+          rust-version: ${{ fromJson(needs.freeze.outputs.manifest).toolchain }}
+          cache-shared-key: release-upgrade-harness-hosted
+          cache-save-if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+          install-build-packaging-tools: "false"
+          install-test-tools: "false"
+      - name: Verify archived server against previous releases
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+          CANDIDATE_MANIFEST: ${{ needs.freeze.outputs.manifest }}
+        run: |
+          python3 - <<'PYVERIFY'
+          import sys
+          from pathlib import Path
+          sys.path.insert(0, 'scripts/release')
+          import candidate as c, pipeline, verify
+          inputs = pipeline.manifest_env()
+          run = pipeline.current_run('release-candidate.yml')
+          if any(a['name'] == 'release-upgrade' for a in c.artifact_list(run['id'])):
+              c.download_artifact(run, 'release-upgrade', 'receipts')
+              pipeline.verify_evidence(inputs, Path('receipts'), {run['id']: run})
+              c.emit_output('reused', 'true')
+          else:
+              target = 'linux-x86_64-gnu'
+              c.download_artifact(run, f"candidate-{inputs['candidate_id']}-{target}", 'binary')
+              verify.upgrade(inputs, Path('binary') / f"rustfs-{target}-v{inputs['version']}.zip", Path('receipts'))
+          PYVERIFY
+        id: verify
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        if: steps.verify.outputs.reused != 'true'
+        with:
+          name: release-upgrade
+          path: receipts/*
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 30
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        if: failure()
+        with:
+          name: release-upgrade-failure-${{ github.run_attempt }}
+          path: receipts/*
+          retention-days: 7
+  seal-linux:
+    needs: [freeze, linux, upgrade]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Collect trusted receipts and seal Linux bytes
+        id: seal
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+        run: |
+          python3 scripts/release/pipeline.py linux-seal --directory sealed
+          {
+            echo '## Linux acceptance'
+            echo 'Use this run ID and manifest SHA-256 when starting Release candidate (complete).'
+            sha256sum sealed/linux-manifest.json
+            echo 'Record cluster, performance, integrity and upgrade acceptance in backlog before continuing.'
+          } >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        if: steps.seal.outputs.reused != 'true'
+        with:
+          name: release-linux
+          path: sealed/*
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          compression-level: 0
+          retention-days: 30
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+# Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+name: Release candidate (complete)
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      candidate_run_id:
+        description: Successful Linux candidate run ID
+        type: string
+        required: true
+      linux_manifest_sha256:
+        description: Exact accepted Linux manifest SHA-256
+        type: string
+        required: true
+      acceptance_report:
+        description: Backlog report accepting cluster, performance, integrity and upgrade results
+        type: string
+        required: true
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  actions: read
+concurrency:
+  group: release-complete-${{ inputs.candidate_run_id }}
+  cancel-in-progress: false
+jobs:
+  acceptance:
+    if: github.repository == 'rustfs/rustfs' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 30
+    environment: release-linux-acceptance
+    outputs:
+      manifest: ${{ steps.accept.outputs.manifest }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Bind acceptance to the exact Linux manifest
+        id: accept
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+          CANDIDATE_RUN: ${{ inputs.candidate_run_id }}
+          MANIFEST_SHA: ${{ inputs.linux_manifest_sha256 }}
+          REPORT: ${{ inputs.acceptance_report }}
+        run: python3 scripts/release/pipeline.py complete-prepare --run-id "$CANDIDATE_RUN" --digest "$MANIFEST_SHA" --report "$REPORT" --directory linux
+  desktop:
+    needs: acceptance
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/build.yml
+    with:
+      candidate_manifest: ${{ needs.acceptance.outputs.manifest }}
+      platforms: desktop
+  packages:
+    needs: acceptance
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/package.yml
+    with:
+      candidate_manifest: ${{ needs.acceptance.outputs.manifest }}
+  images:
+    needs: acceptance
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/docker.yml
+    with:
+      candidate_manifest: ${{ needs.acceptance.outputs.manifest }}
+  chart:
+    needs: acceptance
+    uses: ./.github/workflows/helm-package.yml
+    with:
+      candidate_manifest: ${{ needs.acceptance.outputs.manifest }}
+  seal:
+    needs: [acceptance, desktop, packages, images, chart]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 45
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Verify every deliverable and seal the candidate
+        id: seal
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+          CANDIDATE_RUN: ${{ inputs.candidate_run_id }}
+          MANIFEST_SHA: ${{ inputs.linux_manifest_sha256 }}
+          REPORT: ${{ inputs.acceptance_report }}
+        run: |
+          python3 scripts/release/pipeline.py complete-seal --run-id "$CANDIDATE_RUN" --digest "$MANIFEST_SHA" --report "$REPORT" --directory sealed
+          {
+            echo '## Final publication approval'
+            echo 'Review this manifest, then explicitly dispatch Publish accepted release with its SHA-256.'
+            sha256sum sealed/release-manifest.json
+          } >> "$GITHUB_STEP_SUMMARY"
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        if: steps.seal.outputs.reused != 'true'
+        with:
+          name: release-seal
+          path: sealed/*
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          compression-level: 0
+          retention-days: 30
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+# Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+# SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0
+name: Publish accepted release
+on:
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      complete_run_id:
+        description: Successful completed candidate run ID
+        type: string
+        required: true
+      manifest_sha256:
+        description: Exact approved final manifest SHA-256 (authorizes publication)
+        type: string
+        required: true
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+  actions: read
+concurrency:
+  group: release-publish-${{ inputs.complete_run_id }}
+  cancel-in-progress: false
+jobs:
+  verify:
+    if: github.repository == 'rustfs/rustfs' && github.ref == 'refs/heads/main'
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 45
+    outputs:
+      version: ${{ steps.verify.outputs.version }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Recheck approved bytes and trusted certification
+        id: verify
+        env:
+          GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+          COMPLETE_RUN: ${{ inputs.complete_run_id }}
+          MANIFEST_SHA: ${{ inputs.manifest_sha256 }}
+        run: python3 scripts/release/publish.py verify --run-id "$COMPLETE_RUN" --digest "$MANIFEST_SHA" --directory sealed
+  version:
+    needs: verify
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 90
+    concurrency:
+      group: release-version-${{ needs.verify.outputs.version }}
+      cancel-in-progress: false
+    environment: release-publication
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      actions: read
+      packages: write
+      security-events: write
+    env:
+      GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+      COMPLETE_RUN: ${{ inputs.complete_run_id }}
+      MANIFEST_SHA: ${{ inputs.manifest_sha256 }}
+      AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
+      AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
+      AWS_DEFAULT_REGION: auto
+      AWS_REQUEST_CHECKSUM_CALCULATION: when_required
+      AWS_RESPONSE_CHECKSUM_VALIDATION: when_required
+      AWS_EC2_METADATA_DISABLED: "true"
+      R2_ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.R2_ENDPOINT }}
+      R2_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.R2_BUCKET }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Install promotion tools
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y skopeo
+          aws --version
+      - uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3
+        with:
+          username: rustfs
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ secrets.GHCR_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GHCR_PASSWORD }}
+      - uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3
+        with:
+          registry: quay.io
+          username: ${{ secrets.QUAY_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.QUAY_PASSWORD }}
+      - name: Share registry credentials with the OCI copier
+        run: |
+          install -m 600 "$HOME/.docker/config.json" "$RUNNER_TEMP/registry-auth.json"
+          echo "REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=$RUNNER_TEMP/registry-auth.json" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: Promote verified version
+        run: python3 scripts/release/publish.py version --run-id "$COMPLETE_RUN" --digest "$MANIFEST_SHA" --directory sealed
+      - name: Publish accepted musl amd64 scan
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@99df26d4f13ea111d4ec1a7dddef6063f76b97e9 # v4
+        with:
+          sarif_file: sealed/scan-musl-amd64.sarif
+          category: container-image-musl-amd64
+      - name: Publish accepted musl arm64 scan
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@99df26d4f13ea111d4ec1a7dddef6063f76b97e9 # v4
+        with:
+          sarif_file: sealed/scan-musl-arm64.sarif
+          category: container-image-musl-arm64
+      - name: Publish accepted GNU amd64 scan
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@99df26d4f13ea111d4ec1a7dddef6063f76b97e9 # v4
+        with:
+          sarif_file: sealed/scan-gnu-amd64.sarif
+          category: container-image-gnu-amd64
+      - name: Publish accepted GNU arm64 scan
+        uses: github/codeql-action/upload-sarif@99df26d4f13ea111d4ec1a7dddef6063f76b97e9 # v4
+        with:
+          sarif_file: sealed/scan-gnu-arm64.sarif
+          category: container-image-gnu-arm64
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: release-version-receipt-${{ github.run_attempt }}
+          path: publication.json
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 90
+  channels:
+    needs: [verify, version]
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 90
+    concurrency:
+      group: rustfs-release-channels
+      cancel-in-progress: false
+    permissions:
+      contents: write
+      actions: read
+      packages: write
+    env:
+      GH_TOKEN: ${{ github.token }}
+      COMPLETE_RUN: ${{ inputs.complete_run_id }}
+      MANIFEST_SHA: ${{ inputs.manifest_sha256 }}
+      AWS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.R2_ACCESS_KEY_ID }}
+      AWS_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY: ${{ secrets.R2_SECRET_ACCESS_KEY }}
+      AWS_DEFAULT_REGION: auto
+      AWS_REQUEST_CHECKSUM_CALCULATION: when_required
+      AWS_RESPONSE_CHECKSUM_VALIDATION: when_required
+      AWS_EC2_METADATA_DISABLED: "true"
+      R2_ENDPOINT: ${{ secrets.R2_ENDPOINT }}
+      R2_BUCKET: ${{ secrets.R2_BUCKET }}
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@f548e57e544e1ff5a4c46bf1e1b8685f8e4a348a # v7
+        with:
+          fetch-depth: 0
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Install promotion tools
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get update
+          sudo apt-get install -y skopeo
+          aws --version
+      - uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3
+        with:
+          username: rustfs
+          password: ${{ secrets.DOCKERHUB_TOKEN }}
+      - uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3
+        with:
+          registry: ghcr.io
+          username: ${{ secrets.GHCR_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.GHCR_PASSWORD }}
+      - uses: docker/login-action@c94ce9fb468520275223c153574b00df6fe4bcc9 # v3
+        with:
+          registry: quay.io
+          username: ${{ secrets.QUAY_USERNAME }}
+          password: ${{ secrets.QUAY_PASSWORD }}
+      - name: Share registry credentials with the OCI copier
+        run: |
+          install -m 600 "$HOME/.docker/config.json" "$RUNNER_TEMP/registry-auth.json"
+          echo "REGISTRY_AUTH_FILE=$RUNNER_TEMP/registry-auth.json" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - uses: azure/setup-helm@b9e51907a09c216f16ebe8536097933489208112 # v4.3.0
+      - name: Install pinned OSS client
+        run: |
+          curl --fail --location --retry 3 --output "$RUNNER_TEMP/ossutil.zip" https://gosspublic.alicdn.com/ossutil/v2/2.1.1/ossutil-2.1.1-linux-amd64.zip
+          printf '%s  %s\n' 60f3a808cbbdfd4b5269b8f967c6a66f564c9dacff52d93a5d21a588976ab5a2 "$RUNNER_TEMP/ossutil.zip" | sha256sum --check -
+          unzip -q "$RUNNER_TEMP/ossutil.zip" -d "$RUNNER_TEMP/ossutil-extract"
+          install -m 755 "$RUNNER_TEMP/ossutil-extract/ossutil-2.1.1-linux-amd64/ossutil" "$RUNNER_TEMP/ossutil"
+          echo "OSSUTIL_BIN=$RUNNER_TEMP/ossutil" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+      - name: Promote verified channels
+        env:
+          HELM_TOKEN: ${{ secrets.RUSTFS_HELM_PACKAGE }}
+          OSS_ACCESS_KEY_ID: ${{ secrets.ALICLOUDOSS_KEY_ID }}
+          OSS_ACCESS_KEY_SECRET: ${{ secrets.ALICLOUDOSS_KEY_SECRET }}
+          OSS_REGION: cn-beijing
+          OSS_ENDPOINT: https://oss-cn-beijing.aliyuncs.com
+        run: python3 scripts/release/publish.py channels --run-id "$COMPLETE_RUN" --digest "$MANIFEST_SHA" --directory sealed
+      - uses: actions/upload-artifact@043fb46d1a93c77aae656e7c1c64a875d1fc6a0a # v7.0.1
+        with:
+          name: release-channels-receipt-${{ github.run_attempt }}
+          path: publication.json
+          if-no-files-found: error
+          retention-days: 90
@@ -26,7 +26,13 @@ permissions:
 jobs:
  alert-on-incomplete-run:
    name: Alert on incomplete scheduled run
-    if: github.repository == 'rustfs/rustfs'
+    # The registry still owns responsibility and cadence selection. Successful
+    # and PR runs can never produce an incomplete scheduled-run alert.
+    if: >-
+      github.repository == 'rustfs/rustfs' &&
+      github.event.workflow_run.conclusion != 'success' &&
+      (github.event.workflow_run.event == 'schedule' ||
+       github.event.workflow_run.event == 'workflow_run')
    # Stay on GitHub-hosted runners: this monitor must keep running when the
    # self-hosted sm-standard-* pool is down, which is exactly when the
    # scheduled validations it watches stall.
@@ -155,7 +155,7 @@ default build (lifecycle:
   - ⚠️ PARTIALLY VIOLATED: serving-side `s3s` references remain in ecstore
     (bucket metadata/replication/lifecycle DTOs and error mapping). The
     count is ratcheted shrink-only by `scripts/check_s3s_footprint.sh`
-     (`S3S_ECSTORE_FILES_BASELINE`; the `object_lock` module was converted to
+     (the `ecstore_files` line of `.config/s3s-footprint-baseline.txt`; the `object_lock` module was converted to
     storage-level types as the first ratchet step). Target state: the
     baseline reaches zero and ecstore's `Cargo.toml` drops `s3s`.

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ members = [
    "crates/ecstore", # Erasure coding storage implementation
    "crates/e2e_test", # End-to-end test suite
    "crates/filemeta", # File metadata management
+    "crates/gateway-adapter", # RustFS implementations of the gateway extension traits
    "crates/heal", # Erasure set and object healing
    "crates/heal-contracts", # Heal request/response channel contracts
    "crates/iam", # Identity and Access Management
@@ -48,7 +49,7 @@ members = [
    "crates/replication", # Replication contracts and wire formats
    "crates/concurrency", # Concurrency management for RustFS - timeout, locking, backpressure, and I/O scheduling
    "crates/s3-client", # S3 client for engine-side consumption of remote S3 endpoints (tiering, transition targets)
-    "crates/s3-types", # S3 event type definitions
+    "crates/s3-types", # S3 event and error type definitions
    "crates/s3-ops", # S3 operation definitions and mapping
    "crates/s3select-api", # S3 Select API interface
    "crates/s3select-query", # S3 Select query engine
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ edition = "2024"
 license = "Apache-2.0"
 repository = "https://github.com/rustfs/rustfs"
 rust-version = "1.99.0"
-version = "1.0.2"
+version = "1.0.5"
 homepage = "https://rustfs.com"
 description = "RustFS is a high-performance distributed object storage software built using Rust, one of the most popular languages worldwide. "
 keywords = ["RustFS", "Minio", "object-storage", "filesystem", "s3"]
@@ -92,56 +93,68 @@ redundant_clone = "warn"

 [workspace.dependencies]
 # RustFS Internal Crates
-rustfs = { path = "./rustfs", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-heal = { path = "crates/heal", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-heal-contracts = { path = "crates/heal-contracts", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-scanner-metrics = { path = "crates/scanner-metrics", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-audit = { path = "crates/audit", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-checksums = { path = "crates/checksums", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-common = { path = "crates/common", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-data-usage = { path = "crates/data-usage", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-config = { path = "./crates/config", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-concurrency = { path = "./crates/concurrency", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-credentials = { path = "crates/credentials", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-crypto = { path = "crates/crypto", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-ecstore = { path = "crates/ecstore", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-filemeta = { path = "crates/filemeta", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-iam = { path = "crates/iam", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-keystone = { path = "crates/keystone", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-license = { path = "crates/license", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-lifecycle = { path = "crates/lifecycle", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-kms = { path = "crates/kms", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-lock = { path = "crates/lock", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-madmin = { path = "crates/madmin", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-notify = { path = "crates/notify", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-io-metrics = { path = "crates/io-metrics", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-io-core = { path = "crates/io-core", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-object-capacity = { path = "crates/object-capacity", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-object-data-cache = { path = "crates/object-data-cache", version = "1.0.2", default-features = false }
-rustfs-log-analyzer = { path = "crates/log-analyzer", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-obs = { path = "crates/obs", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-policy = { path = "crates/policy", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-protos = { path = "crates/protos", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-protocols = { path = "crates/protocols", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-replication = { path = "crates/replication", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-rio = { path = "crates/rio", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-rio-v2 = { path = "crates/rio-v2", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-s3-client = { path = "crates/s3-client", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-s3-types = { path = "crates/s3-types", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-s3-ops = { path = "crates/s3-ops", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-s3select-api = { path = "crates/s3select-api", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-s3select-query = { path = "crates/s3select-query", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-scanner = { path = "crates/scanner", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-security-governance = { path = "crates/security-governance", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-extension-schema = { path = "crates/extension-schema", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-signer = { path = "crates/signer", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-storage-api = { path = "crates/storage-api", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-trusted-proxies = { path = "crates/trusted-proxies", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-targets = { path = "crates/targets", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-test-utils = { path = "crates/test-utils", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-tls-runtime = { path = "crates/tls-runtime", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-utils = { path = "crates/utils", version = "1.0.2" }
-rustfs-zip = { path = "./crates/zip", version = "1.0.2" }
+rustfs = { path = "./rustfs", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-gateway-adapter = { path = "crates/gateway-adapter", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-heal = { path = "crates/heal", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-heal-contracts = { path = "crates/heal-contracts", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-scanner-metrics = { path = "crates/scanner-metrics", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-audit = { path = "crates/audit", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-checksums = { path = "crates/checksums", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-common = { path = "crates/common", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-data-usage = { path = "crates/data-usage", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-config = { path = "./crates/config", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-concurrency = { path = "./crates/concurrency", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-credentials = { path = "crates/credentials", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-crypto = { path = "crates/crypto", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-ecstore = { path = "crates/ecstore", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-filemeta = { path = "crates/filemeta", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-iam = { path = "crates/iam", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-keystone = { path = "crates/keystone", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-license = { path = "crates/license", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-lifecycle = { path = "crates/lifecycle", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-kms = { path = "crates/kms", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-lock = { path = "crates/lock", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-madmin = { path = "crates/madmin", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-notify = { path = "crates/notify", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-io-metrics = { path = "crates/io-metrics", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-io-core = { path = "crates/io-core", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-object-capacity = { path = "crates/object-capacity", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-object-data-cache = { path = "crates/object-data-cache", version = "1.0.5", default-features = false }
+rustfs-log-analyzer = { path = "crates/log-analyzer", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-obs = { path = "crates/obs", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-policy = { path = "crates/policy", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-protos = { path = "crates/protos", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-protocols = { path = "crates/protocols", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-replication = { path = "crates/replication", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-rio = { path = "crates/rio", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-rio-v2 = { path = "crates/rio-v2", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-s3-client = { path = "crates/s3-client", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-s3-types = { path = "crates/s3-types", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-s3-ops = { path = "crates/s3-ops", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-s3select-api = { path = "crates/s3select-api", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-s3select-query = { path = "crates/s3select-query", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-scanner = { path = "crates/scanner", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-security-governance = { path = "crates/security-governance", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-extension-schema = { path = "crates/extension-schema", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-signer = { path = "crates/signer", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-storage-api = { path = "crates/storage-api", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-trusted-proxies = { path = "crates/trusted-proxies", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-targets = { path = "crates/targets", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-test-utils = { path = "crates/test-utils", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-tls-runtime = { path = "crates/tls-runtime", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-utils = { path = "crates/utils", version = "1.0.5" }
+rustfs-zip = { path = "./crates/zip", version = "1.0.5" }
+
+# The gateway's S3 types: the DTOs and persisted bucket-configuration codecs the
+# engine crates move onto from s3s (rustfs/backlog#2745). The one pin of the
+# gateway in this workspace; no crate may enable a `compat-s3s*` feature except
+# the s3s-facing edge of the rustfs binary.
+rustfs-gateway-types = { git = "https://github.com/rustfs/gateway.git", rev = "21283e874c2381bab611e9347acbc5b92e9e2b3c", version = "0.32.0", default-features = false }
+rustfs-gateway-stream = { git = "https://github.com/rustfs/gateway.git", rev = "21283e874c2381bab611e9347acbc5b92e9e2b3c", version = "0.2.0", default-features = false }
+# The gateway framework itself, consumed for its extension traits by the ring-2
+# adapter. `default-features = false` keeps the `server` feature, and with it the
+# server crate, out of the build.
+rustfs-gateway = { git = "https://github.com/rustfs/gateway.git", rev = "21283e874c2381bab611e9347acbc5b92e9e2b3c", version = "0.57.0", default-features = false }

 # Async Runtime and Networking
 async-channel = "2.5.0"
@@ -149,7 +162,7 @@ async_zip = { default-features = false, version = "0.0.19" }
 mysql_async = { default-features = false, version = "0.37.1" }
 async-compression = { version = "0.4.52" }
 async-trait = "0.1.92"
-async-nats = { version = "0.51.0", default-features = false }
+async-nats = { version = "0.52.0", default-features = false }
 axum = "0.8.9"
 futures = "0.3.34"
 futures-core = "0.3.34"
@@ -249,8 +262,8 @@ anyhow = "1.0.104"
 arc-swap = "1.9.3"
 rustfs-tokio-tar = { version = "0.7.1" }
 # Candidate Snowball parser versions exercised by rustfs-zip compatibility fixtures.
-tar-codec = "0.0.15"
-tar-framing = "0.0.15"
+tar-codec = "0.0.16"
+tar-framing = "0.0.16"
 atoi = "3.1.1"
 atomic_enum = "0.3.0"
 aws-config = { version = "1.13.0" }
@@ -296,6 +309,7 @@ local-ip-address = "0.6.13"
 log = "0.4"
 memmap2 = "0.9.12"
 lz4 = "1.28.1"
+lz4_flex = { version = "=0.14.0", default-features = false, features = ["std", "frame"] }
 matchit = "0.9.2"
 md-5 = "0.11.0"
 mime_guess = "2.0.5"
@@ -328,6 +342,10 @@ rust-embed = { version = "8.13.0" }
 rustc-hash = { version = "2.1.3" }
 s3s = { git = "https://github.com/s3s-project/s3s", rev = "5761ddfe4c509fcac87e3b99fd5bd9e176b442c0", features = ["minio"] }
 s3s-sigv4 = { git = "https://github.com/s3s-project/s3s", rev = "5761ddfe4c509fcac87e3b99fd5bd9e176b442c0" }
+# The same s3s pin under the name the legacy edge of the gateway migration uses
+# (crates/s3-types, feature `compat-s3s`). Keep `rev` identical to `s3s` above.
+# DELETE BY T4.2 (rustfs/backlog#2784).
+legacy-s3s = { package = "s3s", git = "https://github.com/s3s-project/s3s", rev = "5761ddfe4c509fcac87e3b99fd5bd9e176b442c0", features = ["minio"] }
 serial_test = "4.0.1"
 shadow-rs = { default-features = false, version = "2.0.0" }
 siphasher = "1.0.4"
@@ -336,6 +354,7 @@ compact_str = "0.10.0"
 snap = "1.1.2"
 starshard = { version = "2.4.0" }
 strum = { version = "0.28.0" }
+sync_wrapper = "1.0.2"
 sysinfo = "0.40.1"
 temp-env = "0.3.6"
 tempfile = "3.27.0"
@@ -388,7 +407,7 @@ dav-server = "0.11.0"
 # Performance Analysis and Memory Profiling
 rustfs-mimalloc = { version = "0.7.3" }
 # Preserve Unicode focus filters until rustfs/backlog#2302 is resolved.
-hotpath = { version = "0.30.3", default-features = false }
+hotpath = { version = "0.31.1", default-features = false }
 # Snapshot testing for output format regression detection
 insta = { version = "1.49" }

@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.

-FROM alpine:3.24.2 AS build
+ARG BINARY_SOURCE=download
+
+FROM alpine:3.24.2 AS download

 ARG TARGETARCH
 ARG RELEASE=latest
@@ -74,6 +76,14 @@ COPY scripts/download_rc.sh /usr/local/bin/download_rc.sh
 RUN sh /usr/local/bin/download_rc.sh "$TARGETARCH" musl "$RC_RELEASE" /build/rc


+# Candidate packaging supplies the accepted executables from verified archives.
+# The default download stage remains available for local image builds.
+FROM scratch AS supplied
+ARG TARGETARCH
+COPY .release-inputs/${TARGETARCH}/ /build/
+
+FROM ${BINARY_SOURCE} AS build
+
 FROM alpine:3.24.2

 ARG RELEASE=latest
@@ -103,7 +113,6 @@ RUN apk upgrade --no-cache && \
    tzdata \
    && test "$(TZ=Asia/Kolkata date +%z)" = "+0530"

-COPY --from=build /etc/ssl/certs/ca-certificates.crt /etc/ssl/certs/
 COPY --from=build /build/rustfs /usr/bin/rustfs
 COPY --from=build /build/rc /usr/bin/rc
 COPY entrypoint.sh /etc/rustfs/entrypoint.sh
@@ -12,7 +12,9 @@
 # See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 # limitations under the License.

-FROM ubuntu:26.04 AS build
+ARG BINARY_SOURCE=download
+
+FROM ubuntu:26.04 AS download

 ARG TARGETARCH
 ARG RELEASE=latest
@@ -80,6 +82,14 @@ RUN set -eux; \
 COPY scripts/download_rc.sh /usr/local/bin/download_rc.sh
 RUN sh /usr/local/bin/download_rc.sh "$TARGETARCH" gnu "$RC_RELEASE" /build/rc

+# Candidate packaging supplies the accepted executables from verified archives.
+# The default download stage remains available for local image builds.
+FROM scratch AS supplied
+ARG TARGETARCH
+COPY .release-inputs/${TARGETARCH}/ /build/
+
+FROM ${BINARY_SOURCE} AS build
+
 FROM ubuntu:26.04

 ARG RELEASE=latest
@@ -145,7 +145,7 @@ chown -R 10001:10001 data logs
 docker run -d -p 9000:9000 -p 9001:9001 -v $(pwd)/data:/data -v $(pwd)/logs:/logs rustfs/rustfs:latest

 # Using specific version
-docker run -d -p 9000:9000 -p 9001:9001 -v $(pwd)/data:/data -v $(pwd)/logs:/logs rustfs/rustfs:1.0.4
+docker run -d -p 9000:9000 -p 9001:9001 -v $(pwd)/data:/data -v $(pwd)/logs:/logs rustfs/rustfs:1.0.5
 ```

 If you use [podman](https://github.com/containers/podman) instead of docker, you can install the RustFS with the below command
@@ -224,7 +224,7 @@ For developers who want to build RustFS Docker images from source with multi-arc
 ./docker-buildx.sh --push

 # Build specific version
-./docker-buildx.sh --release 1.0.4 --push
+./docker-buildx.sh --release 1.0.5 --push

 # Build for custom registry
 ./docker-buildx.sh --registry your-registry.com --namespace yourname --push
@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ You can also use Make targets for convenience:
 ```bash
 make docker-buildx                    # Build locally
 make docker-buildx-push               # Build and push
-make docker-buildx-version VERSION=1.0.4  # Build specific version
+make docker-buildx-version VERSION=1.0.5  # Build specific version
 make help-docker                      # Show all Docker-related commands
 ```

@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ chown -R 10001:10001 data logs
 docker run -d -p 9000:9000 -p 9001:9001 -v $(pwd)/data:/data -v $(pwd)/logs:/logs rustfs/rustfs:latest

 # 使用指定版本运行
-docker run -d -p 9000:9000 -p 9001:9001 -v $(pwd)/data:/data -v $(pwd)/logs:/logs rustfs/rustfs:1.0.4
+docker run -d -p 9000:9000 -p 9001:9001 -v $(pwd)/data:/data -v $(pwd)/logs:/logs rustfs/rustfs:1.0.5
 ```

 如果您通过绑定挂载启用 TLS 证书目录，也请用同样方式准备该目录：
@@ -176,7 +176,7 @@ docker compose -f docker-compose-simple.yml up -d
 ./docker-buildx.sh --push

 # 构建指定版本
-./docker-buildx.sh --release 1.0.4 --push
+./docker-buildx.sh --release 1.0.5 --push

 # 构建并推送到自定义仓库
 ./docker-buildx.sh --registry your-registry.com --namespace yourname --push
@@ -193,7 +193,7 @@ docker compose -f docker-compose-simple.yml up -d
 ```bash
 make docker-buildx                    # 本地构建
 make docker-buildx-push               # 构建并推送
-make docker-buildx-version VERSION=1.0.4  # 构建指定版本
+make docker-buildx-version VERSION=1.0.5  # 构建指定版本
 make help-docker                      # 显示所有 Docker 相关命令
 ```

@@ -902,4 +902,104 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(raw.len(), 8);
        assert_eq!(&raw[..], reference.digest().to_be_bytes().as_slice());
    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn checksums_streaming_chunks_and_header_encoding_match_oneshot_across_unaligned_boundaries() {
+        use crate::http::HttpChecksum;
+
+        let all = [
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32c,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc64Nvme,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha1,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha256,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha512,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Xxhash3,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Xxhash64,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Xxhash128,
+        ];
+
+        for &payload_len in &[0usize, 1, 31, 33, 1024, 4096 + 37, 64 * 1024 + 19] {
+            let payload: Vec<u8> = (0..payload_len).map(|i| ((i * 19 + 5) % 253) as u8).collect();
+            for algorithm in all {
+                let mut one_shot = algorithm.into_impl();
+                one_shot.update(&payload);
+                let expected_raw = one_shot.finalize();
+                assert_eq!(expected_raw.len(), algorithm.raw_len());
+
+                let mut one_shot_hdr = algorithm.into_impl();
+                one_shot_hdr.update(&payload);
+                let expected_headers = one_shot_hdr.headers();
+
+                for &chunk_size in &[1usize, 31, 1021, 4096] {
+                    if payload_len > 4096 && chunk_size == 1 {
+                        continue;
+                    }
+                    let mut streaming: Box<dyn HttpChecksum> = algorithm.into_impl();
+                    for chunk in payload.chunks(chunk_size) {
+                        streaming.update(chunk);
+                    }
+                    let actual_headers = streaming.headers();
+                    assert_eq!(
+                        actual_headers.get(algorithm.http_header_name()),
+                        expected_headers.get(algorithm.http_header_name()),
+                        "{algorithm:?} streaming mismatch at payload_len={payload_len}, chunk_size={chunk_size}"
+                    );
+                }
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    #[ignore = "utility throughput microbenchmark; run via cargo test -p rustfs-checksums --lib --release -- --ignored --nocapture"]
+    fn microbench_checksums_streaming_chunks_and_header_encoding() {
+        use crate::http::HttpChecksum;
+        use std::hint::black_box;
+        use std::time::Instant;
+
+        let all = [
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32c,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc64Nvme,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha1,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha256,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha512,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Xxhash3,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Xxhash64,
+            ChecksumAlgorithm::Xxhash128,
+        ];
+
+        let payload: Vec<u8> = (0..(256 * 1024)).map(|i| ((i * 19 + 5) % 253) as u8).collect();
+        for &chunk_size in &[4 * 1024usize, 64 * 1024, 256 * 1024] {
+            for algorithm in all {
+                let mut one_shot = algorithm.into_impl();
+                one_shot.update(&payload);
+                let expected_headers = one_shot.headers();
+
+                let iters = 8usize;
+                let t0 = Instant::now();
+                let mut last_headers = http::HeaderMap::new();
+                for _ in 0..iters {
+                    let mut streaming: Box<dyn HttpChecksum> = algorithm.into_impl();
+                    for chunk in payload.chunks(chunk_size) {
+                        streaming.update(black_box(chunk));
+                    }
+                    last_headers = streaming.headers();
+                    black_box(&last_headers);
+                }
+                let elapsed = t0.elapsed();
+                assert_eq!(
+                    last_headers.get(algorithm.http_header_name()),
+                    expected_headers.get(algorithm.http_header_name()),
+                    "{algorithm:?} streaming chunk_size={chunk_size} header mismatch"
+                );
+                let total_mib = (payload.len() * iters) as f64 / (1024.0 * 1024.0);
+                let mibs = total_mib / elapsed.as_secs_f64().max(1e-9);
+                println!(
+                    "[microbench][checksums] algo={algorithm:?} chunk_size={chunk_size}B throughput={mibs:.1} MiB/s (size={}B)",
+                    algorithm.raw_len()
+                );
+            }
+        }
+    }
 }
@@ -184,15 +184,27 @@ const _: () = assert!(!DEFAULT_INTERNODE_RPC_REPLAY_SCOPE_STRICT);
 /// Capacity (distinct nonces) of the process-local internode RPC replay cache that enforces
 /// one-time consumption of authenticated RPC signatures.
 ///
-/// The cache retains each nonce for the ~10-minute signature freshness envelope. Once peers use
-/// replay-scoped v3 authentication, every authenticated RPC consumes one entry, so the steady
-/// state holds roughly `authenticated RPC RPS x 601s` entries. This default is the minimum floor:
-/// explicit operator values and resource-aware auto sizing both clamp upward to at least this
-/// value. Overflow fails closed — legitimate signed traffic is the only thing that can fill the
-/// cache (replays are rejected before insertion, and an attacker cannot mint valid nonces without
-/// the shared secret) — and increments
-/// `rustfs_system_network_internode_replay_cache_overflow_total`, so a sustained non-zero overflow
-/// counter means this capacity is undersized for the node's peak authenticated RPC rate.
+/// Nonces remain protected until their signed timestamp is outside the observed wall-clock
+/// validity window, including after clock rollback. Current-time signatures live about five
+/// minutes; the maximum accepted forward clock skew can extend that to ten minutes. A body-bound
+/// v3 request consumes both its v3 and compatibility-v2 nonces, so size for receiver nonce intake,
+/// not S3 request rate or CPU count.
+///
+/// Automatic admission budgets 13% of effective process memory for signed-time
+/// hash tables, allocator overhead and simultaneous old/new tables during growth.
+/// The reported count is an absolute UUID payload ceiling, not guaranteed throughput:
+/// actual byte admission can reject earlier depending on timestamp distribution.
+/// Tables grow with demand and are released together when their signed time expires.
+/// CPU count, a historical minimum, and a fixed 32M ceiling do not constrain this budget.
+/// If memory detection fails, the historical default remains a bounded count fallback.
+///
+/// Explicit values remain count ceilings with the historical minimum of 1,048,576
+/// for configuration compatibility, and bypass automatic byte admission. That
+/// compatibility floor does not apply to the automatically detected memory budget.
+/// Zero never disables replay protection.
+/// Overflow rejects the request without evicting a still-valid identity, increments
+/// `rustfs_system_network_internode_replay_cache_overflow_total`, and returns resource
+/// exhaustion rather than invalid credentials. Measure headroom before overriding.
 pub const ENV_INTERNODE_RPC_REPLAY_CACHE_CAPACITY: &str = "RUSTFS_INTERNODE_RPC_REPLAY_CACHE_CAPACITY";
 pub const DEFAULT_INTERNODE_RPC_REPLAY_CACHE_CAPACITY: usize = 1_048_576;

@@ -17,7 +17,8 @@
 //! when PublicAccessBlock configuration is missing or explicitly set.

 use crate::common::{RustFSTestEnvironment, init_logging, local_http_client};
-use aws_sdk_s3::types::PublicAccessBlockConfiguration;
+use crate::sts_query_compat_test::{OPA_AUTH_TOKEN, OpaMock};
+use aws_sdk_s3::types::{PublicAccessBlockConfiguration, Tag, Tagging};
 use tracing::info;

 async fn setup_public_bucket(
@@ -69,6 +70,110 @@ async fn anonymous_get_object(
    local_http_client().get(&url).send().await
 }

+#[tokio::test]
+async fn test_plain_http_matches_secure_transport_false_bucket_policy() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>> {
+    init_logging();
+
+    let mut env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+    env.start_rustfs_server(vec![]).await?;
+    assert!(env.url.starts_with("http://"), "fixture must exercise plaintext HTTP: {}", env.url);
+
+    let bucket = "secure-transport-policy";
+    let key = "plain-http.txt";
+    let admin = env.create_s3_client();
+    admin.create_bucket().bucket(bucket).send().await?;
+    admin
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .body(aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream::from_static(b"plain http"))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    admin
+        .put_bucket_policy()
+        .bucket(bucket)
+        .policy(
+            serde_json::json!({
+                "Version": "2012-10-17",
+                "Statement": [{
+                    "Effect": "Allow",
+                    "Principal": "*",
+                    "Action": "s3:GetObject",
+                    "Resource": format!("arn:aws:s3:::{bucket}/*"),
+                    "Condition": {"Bool": {"aws:SecureTransport": "false"}}
+                }]
+            })
+            .to_string(),
+        )
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+
+    let response = anonymous_get_object(&env, bucket, key).await?;
+    assert_eq!(response.status().as_u16(), 200);
+    assert_eq!(response.bytes().await?.as_ref(), b"plain http");
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Root credentials have no attached IAM policy, so these requests depend on
+/// the owner flag reaching policy evaluation unchanged.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn test_root_requests_keep_policy_owner_flag() -> Result<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>> {
+    init_logging();
+
+    let opa = OpaMock::start().await?;
+    let mut env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+    env.start_rustfs_server_with_env(
+        vec![],
+        &[
+            ("RUSTFS_POLICY_PLUGIN_URL", opa.url.as_str()),
+            ("RUSTFS_POLICY_PLUGIN_AUTH_TOKEN", OPA_AUTH_TOKEN),
+        ],
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    let bucket = "root-owner-flag";
+    let key = "owner.txt";
+    let client = env.create_s3_client();
+    client.create_bucket().bucket(bucket).send().await?;
+    client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .body(aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream::from_static(b"owner access"))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+
+    // Duplicate tag keys are ambiguous, so PutBucketTagging rejects them
+    // before they can reach stored metadata or the OPA tag-loading path.
+    let duplicate = client
+        .put_bucket_tagging()
+        .bucket(bucket)
+        .tagging(
+            Tagging::builder()
+                .tag_set(Tag::builder().key("department").value("finance").build()?)
+                .tag_set(Tag::builder().key("department").value("engineering").build()?)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .expect_err("duplicate bucket tag keys must be rejected");
+    assert_eq!(duplicate.into_service_error().meta().code(), Some("InvalidTag"));
+    client
+        .put_bucket_tagging()
+        .bucket(bucket)
+        .tagging(
+            Tagging::builder()
+                .tag_set(Tag::builder().key("department").value("finance").build()?)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let object = client.get_object().bucket(bucket).key(key).send().await?;
+
+    assert_eq!(object.body.collect().await?.into_bytes().as_ref(), b"owner access");
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 /// Issue #2036: Anonymous GetObject should succeed when bucket policy allows it
 /// and no PublicAccessBlock configuration exists (ConfigNotFound).
 #[tokio::test]
@@ -0,0 +1,512 @@
+// Copyright 2024 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! What one stack answered, and how two answers are compared.
+//!
+//! An [`Observation`] keeps only what a client acts on: the HTTP status, the S3 error code, the
+//! allowlisted response headers and a few typed fields decoded from the response. The error
+//! message is kept for diagnostics and never compared: message wording is judged by the wire
+//! corpus, not here. The comparator is pure so it can be tested without a server.
+
+use serde::Serialize;
+use std::collections::{BTreeMap, BTreeSet};
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+
+/// Response headers compared exactly (after [`normalized_header_value`]).
+const HEADER_ALLOWLIST: [&str; 7] = [
+    "content-type",
+    "x-amz-version-id",
+    "etag",
+    "x-amz-delete-marker",
+    "content-range",
+    "accept-ranges",
+    "x-amz-request-charged",
+];
+
+/// Every response header with this prefix is compared as well.
+const HEADER_ALLOWLIST_PREFIX: &str = "x-amz-server-side-encryption";
+
+/// Placeholder for a field one side did not send.
+const ABSENT: &str = "<absent>";
+
+/// The lowercase header name if the comparator looks at this header.
+pub(crate) fn compared_header(name: &str) -> Option<String> {
+    let name = name.to_ascii_lowercase();
+    (HEADER_ALLOWLIST.contains(&name.as_str()) || name.starts_with(HEADER_ALLOWLIST_PREFIX)).then_some(name)
+}
+
+/// A version ID is minted per process, so its value never matches across two servers; only
+/// whether it is the literal `null` (an unversioned write) carries meaning.
+fn normalized_header_value(name: &str, value: &str) -> String {
+    if name == "x-amz-version-id" && value != "null" {
+        "<version-id>".to_owned()
+    } else {
+        value.to_owned()
+    }
+}
+
+/// One request's outcome as a client sees it.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Serialize)]
+pub(crate) struct Observation {
+    /// The S3 operation, named as in the `s3s::S3` trait (`GetObject`).
+    pub op: &'static str,
+    /// Which request of the script this was (`normal`, `negative`, or a setup label).
+    pub case: &'static str,
+    /// HTTP status; 0 when no response arrived.
+    pub status: u16,
+    /// The S3 error code, or the SDK's error kind when there was no service error.
+    pub error_code: Option<String>,
+    /// Allowlisted headers only, lowercase names, normalized values.
+    pub headers: BTreeMap<String, String>,
+    /// Typed values decoded from the response body, never free text.
+    pub fields: BTreeMap<String, String>,
+    /// Diagnostic only; never compared.
+    #[serde(skip)]
+    pub message: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl Observation {
+    /// Builds an observation, keeping only the allowlisted headers.
+    pub(crate) fn new<'h>(
+        op: &'static str,
+        case: &'static str,
+        status: u16,
+        error_code: Option<String>,
+        headers: impl IntoIterator<Item = (&'h str, &'h str)>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        let headers = headers
+            .into_iter()
+            .filter_map(|(name, value)| compared_header(name).map(|name| (name, value)))
+            .map(|(name, value)| {
+                let value = normalized_header_value(&name, value);
+                (name, value)
+            })
+            .collect();
+        Self {
+            op,
+            case,
+            status,
+            error_code,
+            headers,
+            fields: BTreeMap::new(),
+            message: None,
+        }
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn with_field(mut self, name: &str, value: impl Into<String>) -> Self {
+        self.fields.insert(name.to_owned(), value.into());
+        self
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn is_success(&self) -> bool {
+        (200..300).contains(&self.status)
+    }
+}
+
+/// One field on which the two stacks answered differently.
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
+pub(crate) struct Difference {
+    pub op: String,
+    pub case: String,
+    pub field: String,
+    pub a: String,
+    pub b: String,
+}
+
+/// Every difference between two transcripts of the same script, matched by `(op, case)`.
+pub(crate) fn compare(a: &[Observation], b: &[Observation]) -> Vec<Difference> {
+    let mut differences = Vec::new();
+    let (index_a, duplicates_a) = index(a);
+    let (index_b, duplicates_b) = index(b);
+    for (op, case) in duplicates_a.union(&duplicates_b) {
+        let count = |side: &[Observation]| {
+            side.iter()
+                .filter(|observation| (observation.op, observation.case) == (*op, *case))
+                .count()
+                .to_string()
+        };
+        differences.push(difference(op, case, "duplicate_case", count(a), count(b)));
+    }
+    let keys: BTreeSet<_> = index_a.keys().chain(index_b.keys()).copied().collect();
+    for key @ (op, case) in keys {
+        match (index_a.get(&key), index_b.get(&key)) {
+            (Some(a), Some(b)) => compare_one(a, b, &mut differences),
+            (a, b) => {
+                let presence = |side: Option<&&Observation>| if side.is_some() { "present" } else { ABSENT }.to_owned();
+                differences.push(difference(op, case, "observation", presence(a), presence(b)));
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    differences
+}
+
+type Key = (&'static str, &'static str);
+
+fn index(side: &[Observation]) -> (BTreeMap<Key, &Observation>, BTreeSet<Key>) {
+    let mut index = BTreeMap::new();
+    let mut duplicates = BTreeSet::new();
+    for observation in side {
+        let key = (observation.op, observation.case);
+        if index.insert(key, observation).is_some() {
+            duplicates.insert(key);
+        }
+    }
+    (index, duplicates)
+}
+
+fn difference(op: &str, case: &str, field: &str, a: String, b: String) -> Difference {
+    Difference {
+        op: op.to_owned(),
+        case: case.to_owned(),
+        field: field.to_owned(),
+        a,
+        b,
+    }
+}
+
+fn compare_one(a: &Observation, b: &Observation, differences: &mut Vec<Difference>) {
+    let mut field = |name: String, value_a: Option<&str>, value_b: Option<&str>| {
+        if value_a != value_b {
+            let show = |value: Option<&str>| value.unwrap_or(ABSENT).to_owned();
+            differences.push(difference(a.op, a.case, &name, show(value_a), show(value_b)));
+        }
+    };
+    field(
+        "status".to_owned(),
+        Some(a.status.to_string().as_str()),
+        Some(b.status.to_string().as_str()),
+    );
+    field("error_code".to_owned(), a.error_code.as_deref(), b.error_code.as_deref());
+    let headers: BTreeSet<_> = a.headers.keys().chain(b.headers.keys()).collect();
+    for name in headers {
+        field(
+            format!("header.{name}"),
+            a.headers.get(name).map(String::as_str),
+            b.headers.get(name).map(String::as_str),
+        );
+    }
+    let fields: BTreeSet<_> = a.fields.keys().chain(b.fields.keys()).collect();
+    for name in fields {
+        field(
+            format!("body.{name}"),
+            a.fields.get(name).map(String::as_str),
+            b.fields.get(name).map(String::as_str),
+        );
+    }
+}
+
+/// Operations observed on both sides.
+pub(crate) fn compared_ops(a: &[Observation], b: &[Observation]) -> BTreeSet<&'static str> {
+    let ops_b: BTreeSet<_> = b.iter().map(|observation| observation.op).collect();
+    a.iter()
+        .map(|observation| observation.op)
+        .filter(|op| ops_b.contains(op))
+        .collect()
+}
+
+/// `(op, case)` pairs observed on both sides.
+pub(crate) fn compared_cases(a: &[Observation], b: &[Observation]) -> usize {
+    let cases_b: BTreeSet<_> = b.iter().map(|observation| (observation.op, observation.case)).collect();
+    a.iter()
+        .map(|observation| (observation.op, observation.case))
+        .collect::<BTreeSet<_>>()
+        .intersection(&cases_b)
+        .count()
+}
+
+/// The JSON report written for every run.
+#[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
+pub(crate) struct Report {
+    pub schema: u32,
+    pub run: String,
+    pub stack_a: String,
+    pub stack_b: String,
+    pub region_a: Option<String>,
+    pub region_b: Option<String>,
+    pub compared_ops: usize,
+    pub compared_cases: usize,
+    pub differences: Vec<Difference>,
+}
+
+impl Report {
+    /// Writes the report as `<directory>/<run>.json` and returns its path.
+    pub(crate) fn write_to(&self, directory: &Path) -> std::io::Result<PathBuf> {
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(directory)?;
+        let path = directory.join(format!("{}.json", self.run));
+        let json = serde_json::to_vec_pretty(self).map_err(std::io::Error::other)?;
+        std::fs::write(&path, json)?;
+        Ok(path)
+    }
+}
+
+/// One line per difference, for a failing assertion.
+pub(crate) fn render(differences: &[Difference]) -> String {
+    differences
+        .iter()
+        .map(|d| format!("({}, {}, {}, a={:?}, b={:?})", d.op, d.case, d.field, d.a, d.b))
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>()
+        .join("\n")
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    fn ok(op: &'static str) -> Observation {
+        Observation::new(op, "normal", 200, None, [("content-type", "application/xml")])
+    }
+
+    fn fields(differences: &[Difference]) -> Vec<&str> {
+        differences.iter().map(|d| d.field.as_str()).collect()
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn identical_transcripts_have_no_difference() {
+        let a = vec![
+            ok("HeadBucket"),
+            ok("GetBucketLocation").with_field("location_constraint", "us-east-1"),
+        ];
+        let b = a.clone();
+        assert_eq!(compare(&a, &b), Vec::new());
+        assert_eq!(compared_ops(&a, &b).len(), 2);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_status_difference_is_reported() {
+        let a = vec![ok("PutBucketAcl")];
+        let b = vec![Observation::new(
+            "PutBucketAcl",
+            "normal",
+            403,
+            None,
+            [("content-type", "application/xml")],
+        )];
+        assert_eq!(
+            compare(&a, &b),
+            vec![Difference {
+                op: "PutBucketAcl".into(),
+                case: "normal".into(),
+                field: "status".into(),
+                a: "200".into(),
+                b: "403".into(),
+            }]
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn an_error_code_difference_is_reported() {
+        let a = vec![Observation::new("GetObject", "negative", 404, Some("NoSuchKey".into()), [])];
+        let b = vec![Observation::new(
+            "GetObject",
+            "negative",
+            404,
+            Some("NoSuchBucket".into()),
+            [],
+        )];
+        let differences = compare(&a, &b);
+        assert_eq!(fields(&differences), ["error_code"]);
+        assert_eq!((differences[0].a.as_str(), differences[0].b.as_str()), ("NoSuchKey", "NoSuchBucket"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn an_error_code_on_one_side_only_is_reported() {
+        let a = vec![Observation::new("HeadBucket", "negative", 404, Some("NotFound".into()), [])];
+        let b = vec![Observation::new("HeadBucket", "negative", 404, None, [])];
+        let differences = compare(&a, &b);
+        assert_eq!(fields(&differences), ["error_code"]);
+        assert_eq!(differences[0].b, ABSENT);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn an_allowlisted_header_difference_is_reported() {
+        let a = vec![Observation::new("HeadObject", "normal", 200, None, [("ETag", "\"aa\"")])];
+        let b = vec![Observation::new("HeadObject", "normal", 200, None, [("etag", "\"bb\"")])];
+        assert_eq!(fields(&compare(&a, &b)), ["header.etag"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_header_sent_by_one_side_only_is_reported() {
+        let a = vec![Observation::new(
+            "DeleteObject",
+            "normal",
+            204,
+            None,
+            [("x-amz-delete-marker", "true")],
+        )];
+        let b = vec![Observation::new("DeleteObject", "normal", 204, None, [])];
+        let differences = compare(&a, &b);
+        assert_eq!(fields(&differences), ["header.x-amz-delete-marker"]);
+        assert_eq!((differences[0].a.as_str(), differences[0].b.as_str()), ("true", ABSENT));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn every_server_side_encryption_header_is_compared() {
+        let header = "x-amz-server-side-encryption-customer-key-md5";
+        let a = vec![Observation::new("PutObject", "sse-c", 200, None, [(header, "one")])];
+        let b = vec![Observation::new("PutObject", "sse-c", 200, None, [(header, "two")])];
+        assert_eq!(fields(&compare(&a, &b)), [format!("header.{header}")]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn headers_outside_the_allowlist_are_not_compared() {
+        let a = vec![Observation::new(
+            "ListBuckets",
+            "normal",
+            200,
+            None,
+            [
+                ("date", "Mon"),
+                ("x-amz-request-id", "1"),
+                ("server", "a"),
+                ("content-length", "10"),
+            ],
+        )];
+        let b = vec![Observation::new(
+            "ListBuckets",
+            "normal",
+            200,
+            None,
+            [
+                ("date", "Tue"),
+                ("x-amz-request-id", "2"),
+                ("server", "b"),
+                ("content-length", "11"),
+            ],
+        )];
+        assert_eq!(compare(&a, &b), Vec::new());
+        assert!(a[0].headers.is_empty(), "non-allowlisted headers were kept: {:?}", a[0].headers);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn distinct_version_ids_are_not_a_difference() {
+        let a = vec![Observation::new(
+            "PutObject",
+            "normal",
+            200,
+            None,
+            [("x-amz-version-id", "0b1c")],
+        )];
+        let b = vec![Observation::new(
+            "PutObject",
+            "normal",
+            200,
+            None,
+            [("x-amz-version-id", "9f8e")],
+        )];
+        assert_eq!(compare(&a, &b), Vec::new());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_null_version_id_against_a_real_one_is_reported() {
+        let a = vec![Observation::new(
+            "PutObject",
+            "normal",
+            200,
+            None,
+            [("x-amz-version-id", "null")],
+        )];
+        let b = vec![Observation::new(
+            "PutObject",
+            "normal",
+            200,
+            None,
+            [("x-amz-version-id", "9f8e")],
+        )];
+        assert_eq!(fields(&compare(&a, &b)), ["header.x-amz-version-id"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_body_field_difference_is_reported() {
+        let a = vec![ok("GetBucketLocation").with_field("location_constraint", "us-east-1")];
+        let b = vec![ok("GetBucketLocation").with_field("location_constraint", "eu-west-1")];
+        let differences = compare(&a, &b);
+        assert_eq!(fields(&differences), ["body.location_constraint"]);
+        assert_eq!((differences[0].a.as_str(), differences[0].b.as_str()), ("us-east-1", "eu-west-1"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_body_field_on_one_side_only_is_reported() {
+        let a = vec![ok("ListObjectsV2").with_field("keys", "[]")];
+        let b = vec![ok("ListObjectsV2")];
+        assert_eq!(fields(&compare(&a, &b)), ["body.keys"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn error_messages_are_never_compared() {
+        let mut a = Observation::new("GetObject", "negative", 404, Some("NoSuchKey".into()), []);
+        let mut b = a.clone();
+        a.message = Some("The specified key does not exist.".into());
+        b.message = Some("Object not found".into());
+        assert_eq!(compare(&[a], &[b]), Vec::new());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_case_observed_on_one_side_only_is_reported() {
+        let a = vec![ok("HeadBucket"), ok("ListBuckets")];
+        let b = vec![ok("HeadBucket")];
+        let differences = compare(&a, &b);
+        assert_eq!(fields(&differences), ["observation"]);
+        assert_eq!(differences[0].op, "ListBuckets");
+        assert_eq!(compared_ops(&a, &b).into_iter().collect::<Vec<_>>(), ["HeadBucket"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn a_case_recorded_twice_is_reported() {
+        let a = vec![ok("HeadBucket"), ok("HeadBucket")];
+        let b = vec![ok("HeadBucket")];
+        assert_eq!(fields(&compare(&a, &b)), ["duplicate_case"]);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn compared_ops_counts_operations_not_cases() {
+        let negative = Observation::new("HeadBucket", "negative", 404, Some("NotFound".into()), []);
+        let a = vec![ok("HeadBucket"), negative, ok("ListBuckets")];
+        let b = a.clone();
+        assert_eq!(compared_ops(&a, &b).len(), 2);
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn the_report_lists_each_difference_as_op_field_a_b() {
+        let directory = std::env::temp_dir().join(format!("dual-stack-report-{}", uuid::Uuid::new_v4()));
+        let report = Report {
+            schema: 1,
+            run: "unit".into(),
+            stack_a: "legacy".into(),
+            stack_b: "legacy".into(),
+            region_a: None,
+            region_b: Some("eu-west-1".into()),
+            compared_ops: 1,
+            compared_cases: 1,
+            differences: compare(
+                &[ok("GetBucketLocation").with_field("location_constraint", "us-east-1")],
+                &[ok("GetBucketLocation").with_field("location_constraint", "eu-west-1")],
+            ),
+        };
+        let path = report.write_to(&directory).expect("write the report");
+        let json: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_slice(&std::fs::read(&path).expect("read the report")).expect("parse");
+        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&directory);
+        assert_eq!(path.file_name().and_then(|name| name.to_str()), Some("unit.json"));
+        assert_eq!(json["compared_ops"], 1);
+        assert_eq!(
+            json["differences"],
+            serde_json::json!([{
+                "op": "GetBucketLocation",
+                "case": "normal",
+                "field": "body.location_constraint",
+                "a": "us-east-1",
+                "b": "eu-west-1",
+            }])
+        );
+    }
+}
@@ -0,0 +1,199 @@
+// Copyright 2024 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Dual-stack differential: one `rustfs` binary, two processes, one SDK script (rustfs/backlog#2740).
+//!
+//! Stack A always runs `RUSTFS_S3_STACK=legacy`. Stack B runs the value of `RUSTFS_E2E_STACK_B`
+//! (default `legacy` until the gateway stack is assembled), and `RUSTFS_E2E_STACK_B_REGION`, when
+//! set, starts B in another region so that a difference can be injected by hand. Both servers
+//! answer the script in `scenarios`, which covers every operation of `impl S3 for FS`; `compare`
+//! reports each `(op, field, a, b)` on which the answers differ, and every run writes its report
+//! to `<target>/dual-stack/<run>.json`. Two processes, not two embedded servers: bucket metadata
+//! is process-global, so two stacks in one process would read each other's buckets.
+
+mod compare;
+mod scenarios;
+
+use crate::common::{RustFSTestEnvironment, init_logging, workspace_root};
+use compare::{Difference, Observation, Report, compare, compared_cases, compared_ops, render};
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
+
+type BoxError = Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>;
+
+const STACK_A: &str = "legacy";
+const ENV_STACK_B: &str = "RUSTFS_E2E_STACK_B";
+const ENV_STACK_B_REGION: &str = "RUSTFS_E2E_STACK_B_REGION";
+/// Becomes `gateway` once rustfs/backlog#2734 T2.5 assembles the gateway stack.
+const DEFAULT_STACK_B: &str = "legacy";
+/// The region the negative control gives stack A explicitly, so an inherited `RUSTFS_REGION`
+/// cannot erase the injected difference. Not `us-east-1`: that region answers GetBucketLocation
+/// with an empty LocationConstraint and re-creating an owned bucket with 200, so it would not
+/// report its own name and would add CreateBucket differences to the control.
+const CONTROL_REGION_A: &str = "us-west-2";
+const CONTROL_REGION_B: &str = "eu-west-1";
+/// `normal` cases the legacy stack must answer with a 2xx. The comparison alone cannot tell a
+/// script that exercises real behavior from one in which both stacks fail the same way. Five of
+/// the 73 fail on legacy by design of this script: PutBucketReplication (no registered remote
+/// target), GetBucketReplication (so no configuration), PutBucketNotificationConfiguration (no
+/// notification target configured), RestoreObject (the object is not archived) and
+/// GetObjectTorrent (legacy answers `NoSuchKey`).
+const MIN_NORMAL_SUCCESSES: usize = 68;
+
+struct PairConfig {
+    stack_b: String,
+    region_a: Option<String>,
+    region_b: Option<String>,
+}
+
+impl PairConfig {
+    fn from_env() -> Self {
+        Self {
+            stack_b: std::env::var(ENV_STACK_B).unwrap_or_else(|_| DEFAULT_STACK_B.to_owned()),
+            region_a: None,
+            region_b: std::env::var(ENV_STACK_B_REGION).ok(),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+/// Starts one server on `stack`, overriding its region only when asked.
+async fn start_stack(stack: &str, region: Option<&str>) -> Result<RustFSTestEnvironment, BoxError> {
+    let mut env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+    let mut vars = vec![("RUSTFS_S3_STACK", stack)];
+    if let Some(region) = region {
+        vars.push(("RUSTFS_REGION", region));
+    }
+    env.start_rustfs_server_without_cleanup_with_env(&vars).await?;
+    Ok(env)
+}
+
+/// Starts stack A and stack B side by side, each with its own port and data directory.
+async fn spawn_pair(config: &PairConfig) -> Result<(RustFSTestEnvironment, RustFSTestEnvironment), BoxError> {
+    tokio::try_join!(
+        start_stack(STACK_A, config.region_a.as_deref()),
+        start_stack(&config.stack_b, config.region_b.as_deref())
+    )
+}
+
+fn report_directory() -> PathBuf {
+    let target = std::env::var_os("CARGO_TARGET_DIR").map_or_else(|| PathBuf::from("target"), PathBuf::from);
+    let target = if target.is_absolute() {
+        target
+    } else {
+        workspace_root().join(target)
+    };
+    target.join("dual-stack")
+}
+
+struct Run {
+    report: Report,
+    path: PathBuf,
+    a: Vec<Observation>,
+}
+
+/// Runs the script against both stacks concurrently and writes the report.
+async fn run_differential(label: &str, config: &PairConfig) -> Run {
+    let (server_a, server_b) = spawn_pair(config).await.expect("start stack A and stack B");
+    let (a, b) = tokio::join!(Box::pin(scenarios::run(&server_a)), Box::pin(scenarios::run(&server_b)));
+    let millis = SystemTime::now()
+        .duration_since(UNIX_EPOCH)
+        .map_or(0, |elapsed| elapsed.as_millis());
+    let report = Report {
+        schema: 1,
+        run: format!("{label}-{millis}-{}", std::process::id()),
+        stack_a: STACK_A.to_owned(),
+        stack_b: config.stack_b.clone(),
+        region_a: config.region_a.clone(),
+        region_b: config.region_b.clone(),
+        compared_ops: compared_ops(&a, &b).len(),
+        compared_cases: compared_cases(&a, &b),
+        differences: compare(&a, &b),
+    };
+    let path = report.write_to(&report_directory()).expect("write the dual-stack report");
+    Run { report, path, a }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn both_stacks_answer_every_operation_identically() {
+        init_logging();
+        let config = PairConfig::from_env();
+        let run = run_differential("self-comparison", &config).await;
+        let report = &run.report;
+
+        let mut observed: Vec<_> = run.a.iter().map(|observation| observation.op).collect();
+        observed.sort_unstable();
+        observed.dedup();
+        assert_eq!(
+            observed,
+            scenarios::OPERATIONS,
+            "the script must drive exactly the operations of impl S3 for FS"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(report.compared_ops, scenarios::OPERATIONS.len(), "report: {}", run.path.display());
+        assert!(
+            report.differences.is_empty(),
+            "stack {} and stack {} differ on {} of {} cases (report: {}):\n{}",
+            report.stack_a,
+            report.stack_b,
+            report.differences.len(),
+            report.compared_cases,
+            run.path.display(),
+            render(&report.differences)
+        );
+
+        let not_4xx: Vec<_> = run
+            .a
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|observation| observation.case == "negative" && !(400..500).contains(&observation.status))
+            .collect();
+        assert!(not_4xx.is_empty(), "negative cases must fail with a 4xx on {STACK_A}: {not_4xx:#?}");
+        let successes = run
+            .a
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|observation| observation.case == "normal" && observation.is_success())
+            .count();
+        assert!(
+            successes >= MIN_NORMAL_SUCCESSES,
+            "only {successes} normal cases succeeded on {STACK_A}: {:#?}",
+            run.a
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn differential_detects_an_injected_difference() {
+        init_logging();
+        let config = PairConfig {
+            stack_b: STACK_A.to_owned(),
+            region_a: Some(CONTROL_REGION_A.to_owned()),
+            region_b: Some(CONTROL_REGION_B.to_owned()),
+        };
+        let run = run_differential("injected-region", &config).await;
+        let expected = Difference {
+            op: "GetBucketLocation".to_owned(),
+            case: "normal".to_owned(),
+            field: "body.location_constraint".to_owned(),
+            a: CONTROL_REGION_A.to_owned(),
+            b: CONTROL_REGION_B.to_owned(),
+        };
+        assert!(
+            run.report.differences.contains(&expected),
+            "B started in {CONTROL_REGION_B} but GetBucketLocation was not reported (report: {}):\n{}",
+            run.path.display(),
+            render(&run.report.differences)
+        );
+    }
+}
@@ -21,12 +21,15 @@

 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use crate::common::{RustFSTestEnvironment, init_logging};
+    use crate::common::{RustFSTestEnvironment, admin_create_user, init_logging};
    use aws_sdk_s3::Client;
    use aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream;
+    use aws_sdk_s3::types::{BucketVersioningStatus, Delete, ObjectIdentifier, VersioningConfiguration};
    use std::error::Error;
    use tracing::info;

+    type TestResult = Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>>;
+
    async fn create_bucket(client: &Client, bucket: &str) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
        client.create_bucket().bucket(bucket).send().await?;
        Ok(())
@@ -90,7 +93,7 @@ mod tests {
        Ok(())
    }

-    /// Duplicate and repeated slashes after a leading slash collapse MinIO-style.
+    /// Duplicate and repeated slashes after a leading slash collapse MinIO-style across single and bulk operations.
    #[tokio::test]
    async fn test_put_object_with_duplicate_slashes_normalized() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
        init_logging();
@@ -144,8 +147,258 @@ mod tests {
            "GET after DELETE with raw key must return HTTP 404, got {error:?}"
        );

+        assert_bulk_delete_normalizes_keys(&client).await?;
+        assert_bulk_delete_authorizes_normalized_keys(&env, &client).await?;
+        assert_bulk_delete_preserves_version_identity(&client).await?;
+
        env.stop_server();
        info!("Test completed successfully");
        Ok(())
    }
+
+    async fn assert_bulk_delete_normalizes_keys(client: &Client) -> TestResult {
+        let bucket = "test-bulk-leading-slash";
+        create_bucket(client, bucket).await?;
+        let cases = [
+            ("/foo/bar", "foo/bar"),
+            ("//keyname", "keyname"),
+            ("/dir///sub//file", "dir/sub/file"),
+            ("/folder///", "folder/"),
+            ("/literal%2F+名", "literal%2F+名"),
+            ("plain", "plain"),
+        ];
+        let invalid = ["///", "/dir/../keep", "dir//keep"];
+        client
+            .put_object()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .key("keep")
+            .body(ByteStream::from_static(b"keep"))
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        client
+            .put_object()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .key("dir/keep")
+            .body(ByteStream::from_static(b"keep"))
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+
+        for quiet in [false, true] {
+            for (raw, _) in cases {
+                client
+                    .put_object()
+                    .bucket(bucket)
+                    .key(raw)
+                    .body(ByteStream::from_static(b""))
+                    .send()
+                    .await?;
+            }
+            let listing = client.list_objects_v2().bucket(bucket).send().await?;
+            let stored: Vec<_> = listing.contents().iter().filter_map(|object| object.key()).collect();
+            let mut expected: Vec<_> = cases
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(_, normalized)| *normalized)
+                .chain(["dir/keep", "keep"])
+                .collect();
+            expected.sort_unstable();
+            assert_eq!(stored, expected, "PUT must store the exact normalized targets before bulk deletion");
+            let objects = cases
+                .iter()
+                .map(|(raw, _)| *raw)
+                .chain(invalid)
+                .map(|key| ObjectIdentifier::builder().key(key).build())
+                .collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
+            let delete = Delete::builder().set_objects(Some(objects)).quiet(quiet).build()?;
+            // A second identical batch also pins idempotent deletion of absent normalized keys.
+            for _ in 0..2 {
+                let output = client.delete_objects().bucket(bucket).delete(delete.clone()).send().await?;
+                let errors: Vec<_> = output.errors().iter().map(|error| (error.key(), error.code())).collect();
+                assert_eq!(
+                    errors,
+                    invalid.map(|key| (Some(key), Some("InvalidArgument"))),
+                    "unexpected per-key errors: {output:?}"
+                );
+                let deleted: Vec<_> = output.deleted().iter().filter_map(|object| object.key()).collect();
+                let expected = if quiet {
+                    vec![]
+                } else {
+                    cases.iter().map(|(raw, _)| *raw).collect()
+                };
+                assert_eq!(deleted, expected, "responses must retain request keys, including directory slashes");
+            }
+            let listing = client.list_objects_v2().bucket(bucket).send().await?;
+            let remaining: Vec<_> = listing.contents().iter().filter_map(|object| object.key()).collect();
+            assert_eq!(
+                remaining,
+                ["dir/keep", "keep"],
+                "bulk delete must remove normalized objects without resolving dot segments"
+            );
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn assert_bulk_delete_authorizes_normalized_keys(env: &RustFSTestEnvironment, admin: &Client) -> TestResult {
+        let bucket = "test-bulk-slash-policy";
+        let user = "bulk-slash-user";
+        admin_create_user(env, user, "bulkSlashTestSecret123!").await?;
+        create_bucket(admin, bucket).await?;
+        for key in ["allowed/item", "protected/item"] {
+            admin
+                .put_object()
+                .bucket(bucket)
+                .key(key)
+                .body(ByteStream::from_static(b"keep"))
+                .send()
+                .await?;
+        }
+        let policy = serde_json::json!({
+            "Version": "2012-10-17",
+            "Statement": [
+                {"Effect": "Allow", "Principal": {"AWS": [user]}, "Action": ["s3:DeleteObject"],
+                 "Resource": [format!("arn:aws:s3:::{bucket}/*")]},
+                {"Effect": "Deny", "Principal": {"AWS": [user]}, "Action": ["s3:DeleteObject"],
+                 "Resource": [format!("arn:aws:s3:::{bucket}/protected/*")]}
+            ]
+        });
+        admin
+            .put_bucket_policy()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .policy(policy.to_string())
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        let client = env.create_s3_client_with_credentials(user, "bulkSlashTestSecret123!");
+        let output = client
+            .delete_objects()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .delete(
+                Delete::builder()
+                    .objects(ObjectIdentifier::builder().key("/allowed///item").build()?)
+                    .objects(ObjectIdentifier::builder().key("/protected///item").build()?)
+                    .build()?,
+            )
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        assert_eq!(output.deleted().len(), 1, "allowed normalized key must be deleted: {output:?}");
+        assert_eq!(output.deleted()[0].key(), Some("/allowed///item"));
+        assert_eq!(output.errors().len(), 1, "normalized resource denial must apply: {output:?}");
+        assert_eq!(output.errors()[0].key(), Some("/protected///item"));
+        assert_eq!(output.errors()[0].code(), Some("AccessDenied"));
+        let listing = admin.list_objects_v2().bucket(bucket).send().await?;
+        let remaining: Vec<_> = listing.contents().iter().filter_map(|object| object.key()).collect();
+        assert_eq!(remaining, ["protected/item"], "only the authorized object may be removed");
+        let protected = admin.get_object().bucket(bucket).key("protected/item").send().await?;
+        assert_eq!(protected.body.collect().await?.into_bytes().as_ref(), b"keep");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    async fn assert_bulk_delete_preserves_version_identity(client: &Client) -> TestResult {
+        let bucket = "test-bulk-slash-versions";
+        let raw = "/history///file";
+        let normalized = "history/file";
+        create_bucket(client, bucket).await?;
+        client
+            .put_bucket_versioning()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .versioning_configuration(
+                VersioningConfiguration::builder()
+                    .status(BucketVersioningStatus::Enabled)
+                    .build(),
+            )
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        let first = client
+            .put_object()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .key(raw)
+            .body(ByteStream::from_static(b"old"))
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        let first_id = first.version_id().ok_or("first PUT omitted version ID")?;
+        let latest = client
+            .put_object()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .key(raw)
+            .body(ByteStream::from_static(b"latest"))
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        let latest_id = latest.version_id().ok_or("latest PUT omitted version ID")?;
+        let invalid = client
+            .delete_objects()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .delete(
+                Delete::builder()
+                    .objects(ObjectIdentifier::builder().key("///").build()?)
+                    .build()?,
+            )
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        assert!(invalid.deleted().is_empty(), "slash-only keys must not delete a versioned object");
+        assert_eq!(
+            invalid.errors().len(),
+            1,
+            "slash-only keys must remain invalid in versioned buckets: {invalid:?}"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(invalid.errors()[0].key(), Some("///"));
+        assert_eq!(invalid.errors()[0].code(), Some("InvalidArgument"));
+        let deleted = client
+            .delete_objects()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .delete(
+                Delete::builder()
+                    .objects(ObjectIdentifier::builder().key(raw).version_id(first_id).build()?)
+                    .build()?,
+            )
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        assert!(deleted.errors().is_empty(), "historical delete failed: {deleted:?}");
+        assert_eq!(deleted.deleted().len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(deleted.deleted()[0].key(), Some(raw));
+        assert_eq!(deleted.deleted()[0].version_id(), Some(first_id));
+        let listing = client.list_object_versions().bucket(bucket).send().await?;
+        assert_eq!(listing.versions().len(), 1, "only the latest data version should remain: {listing:?}");
+        assert_eq!(listing.versions()[0].version_id(), Some(latest_id));
+
+        let deleted = client
+            .delete_objects()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .delete(
+                Delete::builder()
+                    .objects(ObjectIdentifier::builder().key(raw).build()?)
+                    .build()?,
+            )
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        assert!(deleted.errors().is_empty(), "delete marker creation failed: {deleted:?}");
+        assert_eq!(deleted.deleted().len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(deleted.deleted()[0].key(), Some(raw));
+        assert_eq!(deleted.deleted()[0].delete_marker(), Some(true));
+        let marker = deleted.deleted()[0]
+            .delete_marker_version_id()
+            .ok_or("missing delete marker ID")?;
+        let listing = client.list_object_versions().bucket(bucket).send().await?;
+        assert_eq!(listing.delete_markers().len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(listing.delete_markers()[0].key(), Some(normalized));
+        assert_eq!(listing.delete_markers()[0].version_id(), Some(marker));
+
+        let deleted = client
+            .delete_objects()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .delete(
+                Delete::builder()
+                    .objects(ObjectIdentifier::builder().key(raw).version_id(marker).build()?)
+                    .build()?,
+            )
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        assert!(deleted.errors().is_empty(), "explicit marker removal failed: {deleted:?}");
+        assert_eq!(deleted.deleted().len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(deleted.deleted()[0].key(), Some(raw));
+        assert_eq!(deleted.deleted()[0].version_id(), Some(marker));
+        let listing = client.list_object_versions().bucket(bucket).send().await?;
+        assert!(listing.delete_markers().is_empty());
+        let restored = client.get_object().bucket(bucket).key(normalized).send().await?;
+        assert_eq!(restored.version_id(), Some(latest_id));
+        assert_eq!(restored.body.collect().await?.into_bytes().as_ref(), b"latest");
+        Ok(())
+    }
 }
@@ -31,6 +31,12 @@ pub mod chaos;
 #[cfg(test)]
 pub mod fake_s3_target;

+// Dual-stack differential (rustfs/backlog#2740): one binary, two processes on
+// different RUSTFS_S3_STACK values, the same SDK script for every S3 operation,
+// compared on status, error code, allowlisted headers and typed body fields.
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod dual_stack_differential;
+
 // On-demand migration (backlog#2147): shared two-server environment, admin
 // wrappers, and the harness self-test (backlog#2151). Behavior scenarios are
 // added by later ODM tasks.
@@ -295,6 +301,11 @@ mod bucket_logging_test;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod website_hosting_test;

+// Website hosting and the metadata listings on the gateway stack, compared with the legacy
+// stack on one data directory (rustfs/backlog#2734 T2.11; R-064).
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod website_stack_interim_test;
+
 // Multipart control API auth regression tests
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod multipart_auth_test;
@@ -32,7 +32,9 @@
 //! Advisory: <https://github.com/rustfs/rustfs/security/advisories/GHSA-3p3x-734c-h5vx>

 use crate::common::rustfs_binary_path_with_features;
-use crate::common::{AdminTransport, admin_add_canned_policy_via, admin_attach_user_policy_via, admin_create_user_via};
+use crate::common::{
+    AdminTransport, admin_add_canned_policy_via, admin_attach_user_policy_via, admin_create_user_via, signed_s3_request,
+};
 use crate::common::{FAST_DATA_USAGE_SCANNER_ENV, admin_request};
 use crate::protocols::test_env::{DEFAULT_ACCESS_KEY, DEFAULT_SECRET_KEY, ProtocolTestEnvironment};
 use anyhow::Result;
@@ -774,6 +776,81 @@ async fn test_webdav_core_operations_direct() -> Result<()> {
    test_webdav_core_operations().await
 }

+#[tokio::test]
+async fn test_webdav_content_type_directory_marker() -> Result<()> {
+    let env = ProtocolTestEnvironment::new().map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("{}", e))?;
+    let admin_base_url = format!("http://{}", S3_TEST_ADDRESS);
+    let binary_path = rustfs_binary_path_with_features(Some("webdav"));
+    let mut server_process = Command::new(&binary_path)
+        .arg("--address")
+        .arg(S3_TEST_ADDRESS)
+        .env("RUSTFS_CONSOLE_ENABLE", "false")
+        .env("RUSTFS_WEBDAV_ENABLE", "true")
+        .env("RUSTFS_WEBDAV_ADDRESS", WEBDAV_ADDRESS)
+        .env("RUSTFS_WEBDAV_TLS_ENABLED", "false")
+        .arg(&env.temp_dir)
+        .spawn()?;
+
+    let result = async {
+        ProtocolTestEnvironment::wait_for_port_ready(WEBDAV_PORT, 30)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|e| anyhow::anyhow!("{}", e))?;
+
+        let client = create_client();
+        let bucket_name = "webdav-content-type-bucket";
+        let directory_name = "content-type-directory";
+        let webdav_base_url = format!("http://{}", WEBDAV_ADDRESS);
+        let mkcol_bucket = client
+            .request(
+                reqwest::Method::from_bytes(b"MKCOL").expect("MKCOL is a valid HTTP method"),
+                format!("{}/{}", webdav_base_url, bucket_name),
+            )
+            .header("Authorization", basic_auth_header())
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        anyhow::ensure!(
+            mkcol_bucket.status().is_success() || mkcol_bucket.status().as_u16() == 201,
+            "MKCOL bucket should succeed, got: {}",
+            mkcol_bucket.status()
+        );
+
+        let mkcol_directory = client
+            .request(
+                reqwest::Method::from_bytes(b"MKCOL").expect("MKCOL is a valid HTTP method"),
+                format!("{}/{}/{}", webdav_base_url, bucket_name, directory_name),
+            )
+            .header("Authorization", basic_auth_header())
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        anyhow::ensure!(
+            mkcol_directory.status().is_success() || mkcol_directory.status().as_u16() == 201,
+            "MKCOL directory should succeed, got: {}",
+            mkcol_directory.status()
+        );
+
+        let head_url = format!("{}/{}/{}/", admin_base_url, bucket_name, directory_name);
+        let head = signed_s3_request(http::Method::HEAD, &head_url, None, None, DEFAULT_ACCESS_KEY, DEFAULT_SECRET_KEY)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|error| anyhow::anyhow!("{error}"))?;
+        anyhow::ensure!(head.status().is_success(), "HEAD directory marker should succeed, got: {}", head.status());
+        let content_type = head
+            .headers()
+            .get("content-type")
+            .and_then(|value| value.to_str().ok())
+            .unwrap_or_default();
+        anyhow::ensure!(
+            content_type == "application/x-directory",
+            "WebDAV directory marker must preserve its content type, got: {content_type}"
+        );
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    .await;
+
+    let _ = server_process.kill().await;
+    let _ = server_process.wait().await;
+    result
+}
+
 /// Extract the numeric value of the first occurrence of a DAV property in a
 /// PROPFIND multistatus body. Namespace-prefix agnostic; a self-closing
 /// (unreported) property yields None.
@@ -0,0 +1,475 @@
+// Copyright 2024 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! Website hosting and the `?metadata=true` listings on the gateway stack (rustfs/backlog#2734
+//! T2.11, PR "W"; release blocker R-064).
+//!
+//! Responsible for: proving that a server on `RUSTFS_S3_STACK=gateway` answers website-host
+//! requests and the two metadata listings exactly as the legacy stack does. One data directory,
+//! one binary, two processes in turn: the legacy stack seeds the buckets (the gateway stack cannot
+//! write them yet) and answers a fixed set of requests, then the same directory is restarted on
+//! the gateway stack and answers the same requests. Each answer is compared on status, `Location`,
+//! `Content-Type`, `Vary`, the CORS headers and the body bytes. The legacy answers are also held
+//! to what a website must answer, so that two stacks failing the same way cannot pass, and one
+//! request the gateway stack must NOT hand to legacy is held to differ, so that a restart that
+//! silently kept the legacy stack cannot pass either.
+//! NOT responsible for: the comparison against the released 1.0.5 binary
+//! (`.config/reference-binary.toml`); this harness has no reference side yet, so what is proved
+//! here is gateway == legacy of the candidate, not candidate == 1.0.5.
+//! Upstream: the routes under test are `rustfs/src/server/stack/{website,metadata}.rs`.
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use crate::common::{RustFSTestEnvironment, admin_ok, init_logging};
+    use aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream;
+    use aws_sdk_s3::types::{CorsConfiguration, CorsRule, ErrorDocument, IndexDocument, WebsiteConfiguration};
+    use http::Method;
+    use http::header::HOST;
+    use rustfs_signer::constants::UNSIGNED_PAYLOAD;
+    use rustfs_signer::sign_v4;
+    use s3s::Body;
+    use std::time::Duration;
+
+    type TestResult<T = ()> = Result<T, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>>;
+
+    const WEBSITE_DOMAIN: &str = "website.test";
+    const PUBLIC_BUCKET: &str = "interim-site-public";
+    const PRIVATE_BUCKET: &str = "interim-site-private";
+    const NO_LIST_USER: &str = "interimsitenolist";
+    const NO_LIST_SECRET: &str = "interim-site-no-list-secret";
+    const ORIGIN: &str = "https://app.example";
+    /// The response headers compared besides status, `Location` and body.
+    const COMPARED_HEADERS: [&str; 8] = [
+        "content-type",
+        "vary",
+        "access-control-allow-origin",
+        "access-control-allow-methods",
+        "access-control-allow-headers",
+        "access-control-expose-headers",
+        "access-control-allow-credentials",
+        "access-control-max-age",
+    ];
+
+    /// What one request was answered with, reduced to the compared fields.
+    #[derive(Debug, PartialEq, Eq)]
+    struct Answer {
+        status: u16,
+        location: Option<String>,
+        headers: Vec<(&'static str, String)>,
+        body: Vec<u8>,
+    }
+
+    impl Answer {
+        async fn of(response: reqwest::Response) -> TestResult<Self> {
+            let status = response.status().as_u16();
+            let location = header_text(response.headers(), "location");
+            let headers = COMPARED_HEADERS
+                .iter()
+                .filter_map(|name| header_text(response.headers(), name).map(|value| (*name, value)))
+                .collect();
+            let body = response.bytes().await?.to_vec();
+            Ok(Self {
+                status,
+                location,
+                headers,
+                body,
+            })
+        }
+
+        fn body_text(&self) -> String {
+            String::from_utf8_lossy(&self.body).into_owned()
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Every value of `name`, joined, so a second `Vary` line is a difference too.
+    fn header_text(headers: &reqwest::header::HeaderMap, name: &str) -> Option<String> {
+        let values: Vec<&str> = headers
+            .get_all(name)
+            .iter()
+            .map(|value| value.to_str().unwrap_or("<not UTF-8>"))
+            .collect();
+        (!values.is_empty()).then(|| values.join(" | "))
+    }
+
+    /// A local client that reports a redirect instead of following it: the 302 and its
+    /// `Location` are what is compared.
+    fn no_redirect_client() -> reqwest::Client {
+        reqwest::Client::builder()
+            .no_proxy()
+            .redirect(reqwest::redirect::Policy::none())
+            .build()
+            .expect("local http client")
+    }
+
+    fn website_host(bucket: &str) -> String {
+        format!("{bucket}.{WEBSITE_DOMAIN}")
+    }
+
+    /// An unsigned request to `target` on this server, addressed to `host`.
+    async fn anonymous(
+        env: &RustFSTestEnvironment,
+        method: Method,
+        host: &str,
+        target: &str,
+        extra: &[(&str, &str)],
+    ) -> TestResult<Answer> {
+        let mut request = no_redirect_client()
+            .request(method, format!("{}{target}", env.url))
+            .header(HOST, host)
+            .header("origin", ORIGIN);
+        for (name, value) in extra {
+            request = request.header(*name, *value);
+        }
+        Answer::of(request.send().await?).await
+    }
+
+    /// A SigV4 request to `target` on this server, addressed and signed for `host`.
+    async fn signed(
+        env: &RustFSTestEnvironment,
+        host: &str,
+        target: &str,
+        access_key: &str,
+        secret_key: &str,
+    ) -> TestResult<Answer> {
+        let url = format!("{}{target}", env.url);
+        let request = http::Request::builder()
+            .method(Method::GET)
+            .uri(url.as_str())
+            .header(HOST, host)
+            .header("origin", ORIGIN)
+            .header("x-amz-content-sha256", UNSIGNED_PAYLOAD)
+            .body(Body::empty())?;
+        let signed = sign_v4(request, 0, access_key, secret_key, "", "us-east-1");
+        let mut request = no_redirect_client().get(url);
+        for (name, value) in signed.headers() {
+            request = request.header(name, value);
+        }
+        Answer::of(request.send().await?).await
+    }
+
+    /// The server's own address: a path-style request, not a website one.
+    fn server_host(env: &RustFSTestEnvironment) -> &str {
+        &env.address
+    }
+
+    /// Writes everything the comparison reads, through the legacy stack.
+    async fn seed(env: &RustFSTestEnvironment) -> TestResult {
+        let s3 = env.create_s3_client();
+        for bucket in [PUBLIC_BUCKET, PRIVATE_BUCKET] {
+            s3.create_bucket().bucket(bucket).send().await?;
+            for (key, body) in [
+                ("index.html", "home"),
+                ("404.html", "not here"),
+                ("section/index.html", "section page"),
+            ] {
+                s3.put_object()
+                    .bucket(bucket)
+                    .key(key)
+                    .content_type("text/html")
+                    .metadata("colour", "blue")
+                    .body(ByteStream::from(body.as_bytes().to_vec()))
+                    .send()
+                    .await?;
+            }
+            s3.put_bucket_website()
+                .bucket(bucket)
+                .website_configuration(
+                    WebsiteConfiguration::builder()
+                        .index_document(IndexDocument::builder().suffix("index.html").build()?)
+                        .error_document(ErrorDocument::builder().key("404.html").build()?)
+                        .build(),
+                )
+                .send()
+                .await?;
+        }
+        // Only the public bucket is readable anonymously, and only by GetObject: no listing.
+        let policy = serde_json::json!({
+            "Version": "2012-10-17",
+            "Statement": [{
+                "Effect": "Allow",
+                "Principal": "*",
+                "Action": "s3:GetObject",
+                "Resource": format!("arn:aws:s3:::{PUBLIC_BUCKET}/*")
+            }]
+        });
+        s3.put_bucket_policy()
+            .bucket(PUBLIC_BUCKET)
+            .policy(policy.to_string())
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        s3.put_bucket_cors()
+            .bucket(PUBLIC_BUCKET)
+            .cors_configuration(
+                CorsConfiguration::builder()
+                    .cors_rules(
+                        CorsRule::builder()
+                            .allowed_origins(ORIGIN)
+                            .allowed_methods("GET")
+                            .allowed_methods("HEAD")
+                            .expose_headers("ETag")
+                            .build()?,
+                    )
+                    .build()?,
+            )
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        // A real user whose policy grants nothing, so it may not list either bucket.
+        admin_ok(
+            env,
+            Method::PUT,
+            &format!("/rustfs/admin/v3/add-user?accessKey={NO_LIST_USER}"),
+            Some(serde_json::json!({ "secretKey": NO_LIST_SECRET, "status": "enabled" }).to_string()),
+        )
+        .await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// IAM loads its users in the background after a start, so a user unknown for a moment is
+    /// answered `InvalidAccessKeyId`; wait until the user without a policy is known again.
+    async fn wait_until_the_user_is_loaded(env: &RustFSTestEnvironment) -> TestResult {
+        let target = format!("/{PUBLIC_BUCKET}?list-type=2&metadata=true");
+        let deadline = tokio::time::Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(30);
+        loop {
+            let answer = signed(env, server_host(env), &target, NO_LIST_USER, NO_LIST_SECRET).await?;
+            if !answer.body_text().contains("InvalidAccessKeyId") {
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            if tokio::time::Instant::now() >= deadline {
+                return Err(format!("{NO_LIST_USER} is still unknown: {answer:?}").into());
+            }
+            tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(250)).await;
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The fixed requests, in order, each with the name the comparison reports it under.
+    async fn observe(env: &RustFSTestEnvironment) -> TestResult<Vec<(&'static str, Answer)>> {
+        let public = website_host(PUBLIC_BUCKET);
+        let private = website_host(PRIVATE_BUCKET);
+        let mut answers = Vec::new();
+        wait_until_the_user_is_loaded(env).await?;
+
+        let head = anonymous(env, Method::HEAD, &public, "/", &[]).await?;
+        let etag = no_redirect_client()
+            .head(format!("{}/", env.url))
+            .header(HOST, &public)
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .headers()
+            .get("etag")
+            .and_then(|value| value.to_str().ok())
+            .map(str::to_owned)
+            .ok_or("the website index document has no ETag")?;
+        answers.push(("website GET /", anonymous(env, Method::GET, &public, "/", &[]).await?));
+        answers.push(("website HEAD /", head));
+        answers.push(("website GET directory", anonymous(env, Method::GET, &public, "/section", &[]).await?));
+        answers.push(("website GET directory/", anonymous(env, Method::GET, &public, "/section/", &[]).await?));
+        answers.push((
+            "website GET missing key",
+            anonymous(env, Method::GET, &public, "/missing.html", &[]).await?,
+        ));
+        answers.push((
+            "website GET Range",
+            anonymous(env, Method::GET, &public, "/index.html", &[("range", "bytes=0-1")]).await?,
+        ));
+        answers.push((
+            "website GET If-None-Match",
+            anonymous(env, Method::GET, &public, "/", &[("if-none-match", etag.as_str())]).await?,
+        ));
+        answers.push(("website POST", anonymous(env, Method::POST, &public, "/", &[]).await?));
+        answers.push(("website GET bare domain", anonymous(env, Method::GET, WEBSITE_DOMAIN, "/", &[]).await?));
+        answers.push(("website GET private bucket", anonymous(env, Method::GET, &private, "/", &[]).await?));
+        answers.push((
+            "website GET private bucket, owner-signed",
+            signed(env, &private, "/", &env.access_key, &env.secret_key).await?,
+        ));
+        answers.push((
+            "website GET public bucket, owner-signed",
+            signed(env, &public, "/", &env.access_key, &env.secret_key).await?,
+        ));
+        let host = server_host(env);
+        answers.push((
+            "ListObjectsV2 metadata=true",
+            signed(
+                env,
+                host,
+                &format!("/{PUBLIC_BUCKET}?list-type=2&metadata=true"),
+                &env.access_key,
+                &env.secret_key,
+            )
+            .await?,
+        ));
+        answers.push((
+            "ListObjectVersions metadata=true",
+            signed(
+                env,
+                host,
+                &format!("/{PUBLIC_BUCKET}?versions&metadata=true"),
+                &env.access_key,
+                &env.secret_key,
+            )
+            .await?,
+        ));
+        answers.push((
+            "ListObjectsV2 metadata=true, no list permission",
+            signed(
+                env,
+                host,
+                &format!("/{PUBLIC_BUCKET}?list-type=2&metadata=true"),
+                NO_LIST_USER,
+                NO_LIST_SECRET,
+            )
+            .await?,
+        ));
+        answers.push((
+            "ListObjectsV2 metadata=true, anonymous",
+            anonymous(env, Method::GET, host, &format!("/{PUBLIC_BUCKET}?list-type=2&metadata=true"), &[]).await?,
+        ));
+        Ok(answers)
+    }
+
+    /// A plain ListObjectsV2: not a metadata listing, so the gateway stack must answer it itself.
+    async fn plain_listing(env: &RustFSTestEnvironment) -> TestResult<Answer> {
+        signed(
+            env,
+            server_host(env),
+            &format!("/{PUBLIC_BUCKET}?list-type=2"),
+            &env.access_key,
+            &env.secret_key,
+        )
+        .await
+    }
+
+    fn answer<'a>(answers: &'a [(&'static str, Answer)], name: &str) -> &'a Answer {
+        &answers
+            .iter()
+            .find(|(named, _)| *named == name)
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| panic!("no answer named {name}"))
+            .1
+    }
+
+    /// What a website and the metadata listings must answer, whichever stack serves them.
+    fn assert_is_a_website(answers: &[(&'static str, Answer)]) {
+        let get = answer(answers, "website GET /");
+        assert_eq!((get.status, get.body_text().as_str()), (200, "home"), "{get:?}");
+        let head = answer(answers, "website HEAD /");
+        assert_eq!((head.status, head.body.len()), (200, 0), "{head:?}");
+        let directory = answer(answers, "website GET directory");
+        assert_eq!(
+            (directory.status, directory.location.as_deref()),
+            (302, Some("/section/")),
+            "{directory:?}"
+        );
+        let section = answer(answers, "website GET directory/");
+        assert_eq!((section.status, section.body_text().as_str()), (200, "section page"), "{section:?}");
+        let missing = answer(answers, "website GET missing key");
+        assert_eq!((missing.status, missing.body_text().as_str()), (404, "not here"), "{missing:?}");
+        let range = answer(answers, "website GET Range");
+        assert_eq!((range.status, range.body_text().as_str()), (206, "ho"), "{range:?}");
+        let not_modified = answer(answers, "website GET If-None-Match");
+        assert_eq!((not_modified.status, not_modified.body.len()), (304, 0), "{not_modified:?}");
+        assert_eq!(answer(answers, "website POST").status, 405);
+        assert_eq!(answer(answers, "website GET bare domain").status, 404);
+        for name in ["website GET private bucket", "website GET private bucket, owner-signed"] {
+            let refused = answer(answers, name);
+            assert_eq!(refused.status, 403, "{name}: {refused:?}");
+            assert!(!refused.body_text().contains("home"), "{name} leaked the index: {refused:?}");
+        }
+        let signed_public = answer(answers, "website GET public bucket, owner-signed");
+        assert_eq!((signed_public.status, signed_public.body_text().as_str()), (200, "home"));
+        for name in ["ListObjectsV2 metadata=true", "ListObjectVersions metadata=true"] {
+            let listing = answer(answers, name);
+            let body = listing.body_text();
+            assert_eq!(listing.status, 200, "{name}: {body}");
+            assert!(body.contains("<UserMetadata>"), "{name} lost the extension: {body}");
+            assert!(body.contains("blue"), "{name} lost the user metadata value: {body}");
+        }
+        for name in [
+            "ListObjectsV2 metadata=true, no list permission",
+            "ListObjectsV2 metadata=true, anonymous",
+        ] {
+            let refused = answer(answers, name);
+            assert_eq!(refused.status, 403, "{name}: {refused:?}");
+            assert!(refused.body_text().contains("<Code>AccessDenied</Code>"), "{name}: {refused:?}");
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn the_gateway_stack_answers_website_and_metadata_listing_requests_as_the_legacy_stack_does() -> TestResult {
+        init_logging();
+        let mut env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+        let legacy_env = [("RUSTFS_S3_STACK", "legacy"), ("RUSTFS_WEBSITE_DOMAINS", WEBSITE_DOMAIN)];
+        let gateway_env = [("RUSTFS_S3_STACK", "gateway"), ("RUSTFS_WEBSITE_DOMAINS", WEBSITE_DOMAIN)];
+
+        env.start_rustfs_server_with_env(vec![], &legacy_env).await?;
+        seed(&env).await?;
+        let legacy = observe(&env).await?;
+        let legacy_plain = plain_listing(&env).await?;
+
+        env.restart_server_preserving_data(vec![], &gateway_env).await?;
+        let gateway = observe(&env).await?;
+        let gateway_plain = plain_listing(&env).await?;
+        env.stop_server();
+
+        // The control: a request that is neither family is the gateway's own. Legacy lists the
+        // bucket; the gateway stack does not serve ListObjectsV2 yet. Equal answers here would
+        // mean the restart never reached the gateway stack, and every comparison below is void.
+        assert_eq!(legacy_plain.status, 200, "{legacy_plain:?}");
+        assert_eq!(gateway_plain.status, 501, "{gateway_plain:?}");
+
+        assert_is_a_website(&legacy);
+        // Every difference, not the first one: a family that regressed alone must name itself.
+        let differences: Vec<String> = legacy
+            .iter()
+            .zip(&gateway)
+            .filter(|((_, on_legacy), (_, on_gateway))| on_legacy != on_gateway)
+            .map(|((name, on_legacy), (_, on_gateway))| format!("{name}:\n  legacy:  {on_legacy:?}\n  gateway: {on_gateway:?}"))
+            .collect();
+        assert!(
+            differences.is_empty(),
+            "the gateway stack answered {} of {} requests differently from the legacy stack:\n{}",
+            differences.len(),
+            legacy.len(),
+            differences.join("\n")
+        );
+        assert_eq!(gateway.len(), legacy.len());
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// The metadata listing on a bucket that does not exist: answered by the legacy route on both
+    /// stacks, so `NoSuchBucket`, never the gateway's `NotImplemented`.
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn a_metadata_listing_of_a_missing_bucket_is_refused_by_legacy_on_the_gateway_stack() -> TestResult {
+        init_logging();
+        let mut env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+        env.start_rustfs_server_with_env(vec![], &[("RUSTFS_S3_STACK", "gateway")])
+            .await?;
+        let host = env.address.clone();
+        let missing = signed(
+            &env,
+            &host,
+            "/interim-no-such-bucket?list-type=2&metadata=true",
+            &env.access_key,
+            &env.secret_key,
+        )
+        .await?;
+        let plain = signed(&env, &host, "/interim-no-such-bucket?list-type=2", &env.access_key, &env.secret_key).await?;
+        env.stop_server();
+
+        assert_eq!(missing.status, 404, "{missing:?}");
+        assert!(missing.body_text().contains("<Code>NoSuchBucket</Code>"), "{missing:?}");
+        assert_eq!(plain.status, 501, "{plain:?}");
+        assert!(plain.body_text().contains("<Code>NotImplemented</Code>"), "{plain:?}");
+        Ok(())
+    }
+}
@@ -121,6 +121,7 @@ test-util = []
 e2e-test-hooks = []

 [dependencies]
+hashbrown.workspace = true
 hotpath.workspace = true
 rustfs-filemeta.workspace = true
 rustfs-utils = { workspace = true, features = ["full"] }
@@ -140,6 +141,7 @@ rustfs-lifecycle.workspace = true
 rustfs-s3-client = { workspace = true }
 rustfs-s3-types = { workspace = true }
 rustfs-data-usage.workspace = true
+rustfs-gateway-types.workspace = true
 rustfs-object-capacity.workspace = true
 rustfs-object-data-cache = { workspace = true, features = ["runtime-memory"] }
 arc-swap.workspace = true
@@ -158,7 +160,6 @@ serde = { workspace = true, features = ["derive"] }
 time = { workspace = true, features = ["parsing", "formatting", "macros", "serde"] }
 bytesize.workspace = true
 serde_json = { workspace = true, features = ["raw_value"] }
-s3s = { workspace = true, features = ["minio"] }
 http.workspace = true
 opentelemetry.workspace = true
 http-body = { workspace = true }
@@ -252,6 +253,7 @@ windows-sys = { workspace = true, features = [
 windows-sys = { workspace = true, features = ["Win32_System_Ioctl"] }

 [dev-dependencies]
+s3s = { workspace = true, features = ["minio"] }
 aws-smithy-async.workspace = true
 rustfs-s3-ops.workspace = true
 tokio = { workspace = true, features = ["rt-multi-thread", "macros", "test-util", "fs"] }
@@ -66,6 +66,8 @@ pub mod bucket {
        }

        pub mod bucket_lifecycle_ops {
+            pub use rustfs_lifecycle::{RestoreOutputLocation, RestoreRequest, RestoreS3Location, RestoreTag, RestoreTagging};
+
            pub use crate::bucket::lifecycle::bucket_lifecycle_ops::{
                ExpiryState, LifecycleOps, ManualTransitionCancelCheck, ManualTransitionProgressSink,
                ManualTransitionQueueSnapshot, ManualTransitionRunExecution, ManualTransitionRunOptions,
@@ -137,7 +139,7 @@ pub mod bucket {
            pub use crate::bucket::lifecycle::lifecycle::{
                Event, ExpirationOptions, IlmAction, LIFECYCLE_MALFORMED_XML_ERROR_KIND, Lifecycle, LifecycleCalculate,
                ObjectOpts, RuleValidate, TRANSITION_COMPLETE, TRANSITION_PENDING, TransitionOptions, expected_expiry_time,
-                object_opts_from_object_info,
+                format_lifecycle_date, object_opts_from_object_info, parse_lifecycle_date,
            };
        }

@@ -240,7 +242,7 @@ pub mod bucket {
    }

    pub mod object_lock {
-        pub use crate::bucket::object_lock::{ObjectLockApi, ObjectLockStatusExt};
+        pub use crate::bucket::object_lock::ObjectLockApi;

        pub mod types {
            pub use crate::bucket::object_lock::types::{
@@ -335,9 +337,9 @@ pub mod bucket {

    pub mod utils {
        pub use crate::bucket::utils::{
-            check_bucket_and_object_names, check_list_objs_args, check_object_name_for_length_and_slash,
-            check_valid_bucket_name_strict, deserialize, has_bad_path_component, has_xml_invalid_control_characters,
-            is_meta_bucketname, is_valid_object_prefix, serialize,
+            BucketConfigXml, BucketConfigXmlError, check_bucket_and_object_names, check_list_objs_args,
+            check_object_name_for_length_and_slash, check_valid_bucket_name_strict, deserialize, has_bad_path_component,
+            has_xml_invalid_control_characters, is_meta_bucketname, is_valid_object_prefix, serialize,
        };
    }

@@ -364,7 +366,7 @@ pub mod capacity {
 }

 pub mod object_api_utils {
-    pub use crate::object_api::object_api_utils::{ObjReaderFn, PutObjReader, get_raw_etag, new_getobjectreader, to_s3s_etag};
+    pub use crate::object_api::object_api_utils::{ObjReaderFn, PutObjReader, get_raw_etag, new_getobjectreader};
 }

 pub mod cluster {
@@ -640,17 +642,17 @@ pub mod rpc {
    pub use crate::cluster::rpc::{
        AuthenticatedChannel, KMS_SIGNAL_SUBSYSTEM, LocalPeerS3Client, MAX_NETWORK_PROBE_BYTES, MAX_NETWORK_PROBE_DURATION,
        NetworkPeerProbeClient, NetworkPeerProbeError, NetworkPeerProbeMeasurement, NetworkPeerTarget, PEER_RESTDRY_RUN,
-        PEER_RESTSIGNAL, PEER_RESTSUB_SYS, PeerRestClient, PeerS3Client, S3PeerSys, SERVICE_SIGNAL_REFRESH_CONFIG,
-        SERVICE_SIGNAL_RELOAD_DYNAMIC, ScannerBucketListing, ScannerDirtyUsageAcknowledgement, ScannerPeerActivity,
-        ScannerPeerDirtyUsageBucket, ScannerPeerDirtyUsageSnapshot, ScannerPublicationLease, ScannerScopedDirtyUsageAckEntry,
-        TONIC_RPC_PREFIX, TonicInterceptor, build_put_file_auth_trailer, check_and_record_signed_rpc_nonce,
-        decode_heal_bucket_rpc_options, encode_heal_bucket_rpc_options, gen_signature_headers, gen_tonic_replay_scope_headers,
-        gen_tonic_signature_headers, gen_tonic_signature_interceptor, node_service_time_out_client,
-        node_service_time_out_client_no_auth, normalize_tonic_rpc_audience, rpc_background_admission,
-        set_tonic_canonical_body_digest, sign_ns_scanner_capability, sign_ns_scanner_capability_with_checkpoint_coverage,
-        sign_ns_scanner_capability_with_tier_registry_generation, sign_put_file_capability, sign_tonic_rpc_response_proof,
-        tonic_boot_epoch_challenge, tonic_boot_epoch_response_headers, tonic_rpc_auth_failure_reason,
-        verify_ns_scanner_capability, verify_ns_scanner_capability_with_checkpoint_coverage,
+        PEER_RESTSIGNAL, PEER_RESTSUB_SYS, PeerRestClient, PeerS3Client, RpcReplayCacheAdmissionError, S3PeerSys,
+        SERVICE_SIGNAL_REFRESH_CONFIG, SERVICE_SIGNAL_RELOAD_DYNAMIC, ScannerBucketListing, ScannerDirtyUsageAcknowledgement,
+        ScannerPeerActivity, ScannerPeerDirtyUsageBucket, ScannerPeerDirtyUsageSnapshot, ScannerPublicationLease,
+        ScannerScopedDirtyUsageAckEntry, TONIC_RPC_PREFIX, TonicInterceptor, build_put_file_auth_trailer,
+        check_and_record_signed_rpc_nonce, decode_heal_bucket_rpc_options, encode_heal_bucket_rpc_options, gen_signature_headers,
+        gen_tonic_replay_scope_headers, gen_tonic_signature_headers, gen_tonic_signature_interceptor,
+        node_service_time_out_client, node_service_time_out_client_no_auth, normalize_tonic_rpc_audience,
+        rpc_auth_is_resource_exhausted, rpc_background_admission, set_tonic_canonical_body_digest, sign_ns_scanner_capability,
+        sign_ns_scanner_capability_with_checkpoint_coverage, sign_ns_scanner_capability_with_tier_registry_generation,
+        sign_put_file_capability, sign_tonic_rpc_response_proof, tonic_boot_epoch_challenge, tonic_boot_epoch_response_headers,
+        tonic_rpc_auth_failure_reason, verify_ns_scanner_capability, verify_ns_scanner_capability_with_checkpoint_coverage,
        verify_ns_scanner_capability_with_tier_registry_generation, verify_put_file_auth_trailer, verify_put_file_capability,
        verify_rpc_signature, verify_tonic_boot_epoch_response, verify_tonic_canonical_body_digest,
        verify_tonic_mutation_body_digest, verify_tonic_mutation_body_digest_reject_unsigned, verify_tonic_rpc_response_proof,
@@ -88,12 +88,14 @@ use rustfs_filemeta::{
    FileInfo, FileInfoOpts, NULL_VERSION_ID, RestoreStatus, RestoreStatusOps, TRANSITION_COMPLETE, get_file_info,
    is_restored_object_on_disk,
 };
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedObjectLockConfiguration as ObjectLockConfiguration;
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{PersistedLifecycleConfiguration, PersistedLifecycleFilter};
+use rustfs_lifecycle::{RestoreRequest, RestoreS3Location};
 use rustfs_lock::{NamespaceLockGuard, error::LockError};
 use rustfs_scanner_metrics::metrics::{
    IlmAction, Metrics, ScannerLifecycleExpiryStateUpdate, ScannerLifecycleTransitionStateUpdate, global_metrics,
 };
 use rustfs_utils::{get_env_i64, get_env_usize, path::encode_dir_object, string::parse_bool};
-use s3s::dto::{BucketLifecycleConfiguration, ExpirationStatus, ObjectLockConfiguration, RestoreRequest, RestoreRequestType};
 use sha2::{Digest, Sha256};
 use std::any::Any;
 use std::collections::{BTreeMap, HashMap, HashSet};
@@ -300,7 +302,7 @@ impl LifecycleSys {
        Arc::new(Self)
    }

-    pub async fn get(&self, bucket: &str) -> Option<BucketLifecycleConfiguration> {
+    pub async fn get(&self, bucket: &str) -> Option<PersistedLifecycleConfiguration> {
        match metadata_boundary::get_lifecycle_config(bucket).await {
            Ok((lc, _)) => Some(lc),
            Err(Error::ConfigNotFound) => None,
@@ -3557,7 +3559,7 @@ async fn stale_upload_lifecycle_due(
        Err(_) => return None,
    };

-    let has_size_filter = |filter: &s3s::dto::LifecycleRuleFilter| {
+    let has_size_filter = |filter: &PersistedLifecycleFilter| {
        filter.object_size_greater_than.is_some()
            || filter.object_size_less_than.is_some()
            || filter
@@ -3566,7 +3568,7 @@ async fn stale_upload_lifecycle_due(
                .is_some_and(|and| and.object_size_greater_than.is_some() || and.object_size_less_than.is_some())
    };
    let needs_size = lifecycle.rules.iter().any(|rule| {
-        rule.status.as_str() != ExpirationStatus::DISABLED
+        rule.status.as_str() != "Disabled"
            && rule.abort_incomplete_multipart_upload.is_some()
            && rule.filter.as_ref().is_some_and(has_size_filter)
    });
@@ -4000,7 +4002,7 @@ pub fn init_background_stale_multipart_upload_cleanup(api: Arc<ECStore>) {
    });
 }

-pub async fn validate_transition_tier(lc: &BucketLifecycleConfiguration) -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
+pub async fn validate_transition_tier(lc: &PersistedLifecycleConfiguration) -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
    for rule in &lc.rules {
        if let Some(transitions) = &rule.transitions {
            for transition in transitions {
@@ -4117,8 +4119,9 @@ pub(crate) async fn enqueue_immediate_expiry(api: Arc<ECStore>, oi: &ObjectInfo,
        .map(lifecycle::object_opts_from_object_info)
        .collect::<Vec<ObjectOpts>>();
    let lock_config = configs.object_lock;
+    let evaluator_lock_config = lock_config.clone();
    let events = match Evaluator::new(lifecycle)
-        .with_lock_retention(lock_config.clone())
+        .with_lock_retention(evaluator_lock_config)
        .eval(&object_opts)
        .await
    {
@@ -4598,19 +4601,26 @@ pub async fn enqueue_transition_for_existing_objects_scoped(
    }
 }

-fn lifecycle_rule_has_date_expiration(lc: &BucketLifecycleConfiguration, rule_id: &str) -> bool {
+fn lifecycle_rule_has_date_expiration(lc: &PersistedLifecycleConfiguration, rule_id: &str) -> bool {
    lc.rules.iter().any(|rule| {
-        rule.status == ExpirationStatus::from_static(ExpirationStatus::ENABLED)
+        rule.status == "Enabled"
            && rule.id.as_deref() == Some(rule_id)
            && rule.expiration.as_ref().is_some_and(|expiration| expiration.date.is_some())
    })
 }

-fn should_defer_date_expiry_for_recent_config_update(lc: &BucketLifecycleConfiguration, now: OffsetDateTime) -> bool {
-    lc.expiry_updated_at.as_ref().is_some_and(|updated_at| {
-        let updated_at = OffsetDateTime::from(updated_at.clone());
-        now.unix_timestamp().saturating_sub(updated_at.unix_timestamp()) < DATE_EXPIRY_EXISTING_OBJECTS_GRACE_SECS
-    })
+fn should_defer_date_expiry_for_recent_config_update(lc: &PersistedLifecycleConfiguration, now: OffsetDateTime) -> bool {
+    lc.expiry_updated_at
+        .as_ref()
+        .is_some_and(|updated_at| match rustfs_lifecycle::parse_lifecycle_date(updated_at) {
+            Ok(updated_at) => {
+                now.unix_timestamp().saturating_sub(updated_at.unix_timestamp()) < DATE_EXPIRY_EXISTING_OBJECTS_GRACE_SECS
+            }
+            Err(error) => {
+                warn!(error = %error, "Deferring date expiry with an unreadable update timestamp");
+                true
+            }
+        })
 }

 async fn apply_existing_object_expiry(
@@ -4630,7 +4640,7 @@ async fn apply_existing_object_expiry(
 struct ExistingObjectExpiryContext<'a> {
    api: Arc<ECStore>,
    bucket: &'a str,
-    lc: Arc<BucketLifecycleConfiguration>,
+    lc: Arc<PersistedLifecycleConfiguration>,
    lock_config: Option<Arc<ObjectLockConfiguration>>,
    bucket_incarnation_id: Uuid,
    src: &'a LcEventSrc,
@@ -4650,8 +4660,9 @@ async fn enqueue_expiry_for_existing_object_group(
        .iter()
        .map(lifecycle::object_opts_from_object_info)
        .collect::<Vec<ObjectOpts>>();
+    let evaluator_lock_config = context.lock_config.clone();
    let events = match Evaluator::new(context.lc.clone())
-        .with_lock_retention(context.lock_config.clone())
+        .with_lock_retention(evaluator_lock_config)
        .eval(&object_opts)
        .await
    {
@@ -4845,7 +4856,7 @@ fn manual_transition_version_marker(oi: &ObjectInfo) -> String {
 async fn enqueue_transition_with_lifecycle_report(
    api: Option<Arc<ECStore>>,
    oi: &ObjectInfo,
-    lc: &BucketLifecycleConfiguration,
+    lc: &PersistedLifecycleConfiguration,
    src: &LcEventSrc,
    options: &ManualTransitionRunOptions,
    report: &mut ManualTransitionRunReport,
@@ -4911,7 +4922,7 @@ async fn enqueue_transition_with_lifecycle_report(
    false
 }

-async fn enqueue_transition_with_lifecycle(oi: &ObjectInfo, lc: &BucketLifecycleConfiguration, src: &LcEventSrc) -> bool {
+async fn enqueue_transition_with_lifecycle(oi: &ObjectInfo, lc: &PersistedLifecycleConfiguration, src: &LcEventSrc) -> bool {
    let event = lc.eval(&oi.to_lifecycle_opts()).await;
    match event.action {
        IlmAction::TransitionAction | IlmAction::TransitionVersionAction => {
@@ -5425,12 +5436,8 @@ pub async fn post_restore_opts(version_id: &str, bucket: &str, object: &str) ->
    })
 }

-fn select_restore_s3_location(rreq: &RestoreRequest) -> Result<Option<&s3s::dto::S3Location>, std::io::Error> {
-    if rreq
-        .type_
-        .as_ref()
-        .is_none_or(|type_| type_.as_str() != RestoreRequestType::SELECT)
-    {
+fn select_restore_s3_location(rreq: &RestoreRequest) -> Result<Option<&RestoreS3Location>, std::io::Error> {
+    if rreq.type_.as_ref().is_none_or(|type_| type_.as_str() != "SELECT") {
        return Ok(None);
    }
    let output_location = rreq
@@ -5472,21 +5479,20 @@ pub async fn put_restore_opts(
    // the OutputLocation metadata instead of a write to `OutputLocation.S3`
    // (backlog#1341). RestoreObject rejects SELECT at the API boundary; this
    // is the fail-closed backstop for any other caller.
-    if rreq
-        .type_
-        .as_ref()
-        .is_some_and(|type_| type_.as_str() == RestoreRequestType::SELECT)
-    {
+    if rreq.type_.as_ref().is_some_and(|type_| type_.as_str() == "SELECT") {
        return Err(std::io::Error::other("SELECT restore requests are not supported"));
    }
    for (k, v) in oi.user_defined.iter() {
        meta.insert(k.to_string(), v.clone());
    }
+    // The fleet capability gate guarantees physical copy-back support. Keep
+    // the completed transition identity for orphan recovery and remote cleanup.
    rustfs_utils::http::metadata_compat::remove_str(&mut meta, rustfs_utils::http::metadata_compat::SUFFIX_RESTORE_OPERATION_ID);
-    rustfs_utils::http::metadata_compat::remove_str(&mut meta, rustfs_utils::http::metadata_compat::SUFFIX_RESTORE_WORKER_LOCK);
    if !oi.user_tags.is_empty() {
        meta.insert(AMZ_OBJECT_TAGGING.to_string(), (*oi.user_tags).clone());
    }
+    // Finalization publishes completion and its expiry under the object lock.
+    // The local copy-back commit must not make unfinished work eligible for expiry.
    if let Some(expires) = oi.expires {
        meta.insert(
            "expires".to_string(),
@@ -5495,12 +5501,11 @@ pub async fn put_restore_opts(
                .map_err(std::io::Error::other)?,
        );
    }
-    let restore_expiry = lifecycle::expected_expiry_time(OffsetDateTime::now_utc(), rreq.days.unwrap_or(1));
    meta.insert(
        metadata_keys::RESTORE.to_string(),
        RestoreStatus {
-            is_restore_in_progress: Some(false),
-            restore_expiry_date: Some(restore_expiry),
+            is_restore_in_progress: Some(true),
+            restore_expiry_date: None,
        }
        .to_string(),
    );
@@ -5514,6 +5519,7 @@ pub async fn put_restore_opts(
        // computed MD5 is not the object's public plaintext ETag.
        preserve_etag: oi.etag.clone(),
        shard_integrity_write_mode: Some(oi.shard_integrity_write_mode()),
+        restore_copyback: true,
        ..Default::default()
    })
 }
@@ -5532,6 +5538,18 @@ impl LifecycleOps for ObjectInfo {
        if self.transitioned_object.status != lifecycle::TRANSITION_COMPLETE {
            return false;
        }
+        if rustfs_utils::http::metadata_compat::get_consistent_str(
+            &self.user_defined,
+            rustfs_utils::http::metadata_compat::SUFFIX_RESTORE_COPYBACK,
+        ) == Some(rustfs_utils::http::metadata_compat::RESTORE_COPYBACK_PROTOCOL_V1)
+            && self
+                .user_defined
+                .get(metadata_keys::RESTORE)
+                .and_then(|value| rustfs_filemeta::parse_restore_obj_status(value).ok())
+                .is_some_and(|status| status.is_restore_in_progress == Some(true))
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
        !is_restored_object_on_disk(&self.user_defined)
    }
 }
@@ -5543,25 +5561,25 @@ pub trait RestoreRequestOps {
 impl RestoreRequestOps for RestoreRequest {
    fn validate(&self, _api: Arc<ECStore>) -> Result<(), std::io::Error> {
        // SELECT type requires select_parameters, and vice versa
-        if self.type_.as_ref().is_none_or(|t| t.as_str() != RestoreRequestType::SELECT) && self.select_parameters.is_some() {
+        if self.type_.as_ref().is_none_or(|t| t.as_str() != "SELECT") && self.select_parameters.is_some() {
            return Err(std::io::Error::other("Select parameters can only be specified with SELECT request type"));
        }
        if let Some(type_) = &self.type_
-            && type_.as_str() == RestoreRequestType::SELECT
+            && type_.as_str() == "SELECT"
            && self.select_parameters.is_none()
        {
            return Err(std::io::Error::other("SELECT restore request requires select parameters to be specified"));
        }

        // OutputLocation is only valid for SELECT requests
-        if self.type_.as_ref().is_none_or(|t| t.as_str() != RestoreRequestType::SELECT) && self.output_location.is_some() {
+        if self.type_.as_ref().is_none_or(|t| t.as_str() != "SELECT") && self.output_location.is_some() {
            return Err(std::io::Error::other("OutputLocation can only be specified with SELECT request type"));
        }
        select_restore_s3_location(self)?;

        // Days must not be specified with SELECT requests
        if let Some(type_) = &self.type_
-            && type_.as_str() == RestoreRequestType::SELECT
+            && type_.as_str() == "SELECT"
            && self.days.is_some_and(|d| d > 0)
        {
            return Err(std::io::Error::other("Days cannot be specified with SELECT restore request"));
@@ -5603,7 +5621,7 @@ pub fn lifecycle_version_delete_target(oi: &ObjectInfo) -> Option<ObjectToDelete
 }

 pub async fn eval_action_from_lifecycle(
-    lc: &BucketLifecycleConfiguration,
+    lc: &PersistedLifecycleConfiguration,
    lock_config: Option<&ObjectLockConfiguration>,
    oi: &ObjectInfo,
 ) -> lifecycle::Event {
@@ -6308,14 +6326,19 @@ mod tests {
    use rustfs_data_usage::TierStats;
    use rustfs_filemeta::metadata_keys;
    use rustfs_filemeta::{FileInfo, FileMeta};
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::dto::MetadataEntry;
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{
+        PersistedDefaultRetention as DefaultRetention, PersistedObjectLockConfiguration as ObjectLockConfiguration,
+        PersistedObjectLockRule as ObjectLockRule,
+    };
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{
+        PersistedLifecycleConfiguration, PersistedLifecycleExpiration, PersistedLifecycleRule,
+        PersistedNoncurrentVersionExpiration, PersistedTransition,
+    };
+    use rustfs_lifecycle::{RestoreOutputLocation as OutputLocation, RestoreRequest, RestoreS3Location as S3Location};
    #[cfg(feature = "test-util")]
    use rustfs_s3_client::transition_api::ReaderImpl;
    use rustfs_scanner_metrics::metrics::{IlmAction, global_metrics};
-    use s3s::dto::{
-        BucketLifecycleConfiguration, DefaultRetention, ExpirationStatus, LifecycleExpiration, LifecycleRule, MetadataEntry,
-        NoncurrentVersionExpiration, ObjectLockConfiguration, ObjectLockEnabled, ObjectLockRetentionMode, ObjectLockRule,
-        OutputLocation, RestoreRequest, RestoreRequestType, S3Location, Timestamp, Transition, TransitionStorageClass,
-    };
    use serial_test::serial;
    use sha2::{Digest, Sha256};
    use std::collections::HashMap;
@@ -9341,7 +9364,7 @@ mod tests {
            output_location,
            select_parameters: None,
            tier: None,
-            type_: Some(RestoreRequestType::from_static(RestoreRequestType::SELECT)),
+            type_: Some("SELECT".to_owned()),
        }
    }

@@ -9658,12 +9681,12 @@ mod tests {

    #[test]
    fn lifecycle_rule_has_date_expiration_detects_enabled_date_rule() {
-        let lc = BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
+        let lc = PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
            expiry_updated_at: None,
-            rules: vec![LifecycleRule {
-                status: ExpirationStatus::from_static(ExpirationStatus::ENABLED),
-                expiration: Some(LifecycleExpiration {
-                    date: Some(Timestamp::from(OffsetDateTime::now_utc())),
+            rules: vec![PersistedLifecycleRule {
+                status: "Enabled".to_owned(),
+                expiration: Some(PersistedLifecycleExpiration {
+                    date: Some(lifecycle::format_lifecycle_date(OffsetDateTime::now_utc()).unwrap()),
                    ..Default::default()
                }),
                id: Some("rule-date".to_string()),
@@ -10180,14 +10203,15 @@ mod tests {
    #[test]
    fn should_defer_date_expiry_for_recent_config_update_respects_grace_window() {
        let now = OffsetDateTime::now_utc();
-        let recent = BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
-            expiry_updated_at: Some(Timestamp::from(now - time::Duration::seconds(1))),
+        let recent = PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
+            expiry_updated_at: Some(lifecycle::format_lifecycle_date(now - time::Duration::seconds(1)).unwrap()),
            rules: Vec::new(),
        };
-        let stale = BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
-            expiry_updated_at: Some(Timestamp::from(
-                now - time::Duration::seconds(DATE_EXPIRY_EXISTING_OBJECTS_GRACE_SECS + 1),
-            )),
+        let stale = PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
+            expiry_updated_at: Some(
+                lifecycle::format_lifecycle_date(now - time::Duration::seconds(DATE_EXPIRY_EXISTING_OBJECTS_GRACE_SECS + 1))
+                    .unwrap(),
+            ),
            rules: Vec::new(),
        };

@@ -10315,12 +10339,12 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(deleted.version_id, None);
    }

-    fn expired_delete_marker_lifecycle() -> BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
-        BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
+    fn expired_delete_marker_lifecycle() -> PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
+        PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
            expiry_updated_at: None,
-            rules: vec![LifecycleRule {
-                status: ExpirationStatus::from_static(ExpirationStatus::ENABLED),
-                expiration: Some(LifecycleExpiration {
+            rules: vec![PersistedLifecycleRule {
+                status: "Enabled".to_owned(),
+                expiration: Some(PersistedLifecycleExpiration {
                    expired_object_delete_marker: Some(true),
                    ..Default::default()
                }),
@@ -10336,12 +10360,12 @@ mod tests {
        }
    }

-    fn latest_expiration_lifecycle() -> BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
-        BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
+    fn latest_expiration_lifecycle() -> PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
+        PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
            expiry_updated_at: None,
-            rules: vec![LifecycleRule {
-                status: ExpirationStatus::from_static(ExpirationStatus::ENABLED),
-                expiration: Some(LifecycleExpiration {
+            rules: vec![PersistedLifecycleRule {
+                status: "Enabled".to_owned(),
+                expiration: Some(PersistedLifecycleExpiration {
                    days: Some(1),
                    ..Default::default()
                }),
@@ -10357,12 +10381,12 @@ mod tests {
        }
    }

-    fn current_and_noncurrent_expiration_lifecycle() -> BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
-        BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
+    fn current_and_noncurrent_expiration_lifecycle() -> PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
+        PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
            expiry_updated_at: None,
-            rules: vec![LifecycleRule {
-                status: ExpirationStatus::from_static(ExpirationStatus::ENABLED),
-                expiration: Some(LifecycleExpiration {
+            rules: vec![PersistedLifecycleRule {
+                status: "Enabled".to_owned(),
+                expiration: Some(PersistedLifecycleExpiration {
                    days: Some(30),
                    ..Default::default()
                }),
@@ -10370,7 +10394,7 @@ mod tests {
                del_marker_expiration: None,
                filter: None,
                id: Some("expire-current-and-noncurrent".to_string()),
-                noncurrent_version_expiration: Some(NoncurrentVersionExpiration {
+                noncurrent_version_expiration: Some(PersistedNoncurrentVersionExpiration {
                    noncurrent_days: Some(1),
                    newer_noncurrent_versions: None,
                }),
@@ -10381,12 +10405,12 @@ mod tests {
        }
    }

-    fn all_versions_expiration_lifecycle() -> BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
-        BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
+    fn all_versions_expiration_lifecycle() -> PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
+        PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
            expiry_updated_at: None,
-            rules: vec![LifecycleRule {
-                status: ExpirationStatus::from_static(ExpirationStatus::ENABLED),
-                expiration: Some(LifecycleExpiration {
+            rules: vec![PersistedLifecycleRule {
+                status: "Enabled".to_owned(),
+                expiration: Some(PersistedLifecycleExpiration {
                    days: Some(1),
                    expired_object_all_versions: Some(true),
                    ..Default::default()
@@ -10405,29 +10429,29 @@ mod tests {

    fn lock_enabled_without_default_retention() -> ObjectLockConfiguration {
        ObjectLockConfiguration {
-            object_lock_enabled: Some(ObjectLockEnabled::from_static(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)),
+            object_lock_enabled: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
            rule: None,
        }
    }

    fn lock_enabled_with_default_retention() -> ObjectLockConfiguration {
        ObjectLockConfiguration {
-            object_lock_enabled: Some(ObjectLockEnabled::from_static(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)),
+            object_lock_enabled: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
            rule: Some(ObjectLockRule {
                default_retention: Some(DefaultRetention {
                    days: Some(30),
-                    mode: Some(ObjectLockRetentionMode::from_static(ObjectLockRetentionMode::COMPLIANCE)),
+                    mode: Some("COMPLIANCE".to_owned()),
                    years: None,
                }),
            }),
        }
    }

-    fn latest_transition_lifecycle() -> BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
-        BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
+    fn latest_transition_lifecycle() -> PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
+        PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
            expiry_updated_at: None,
-            rules: vec![LifecycleRule {
-                status: ExpirationStatus::from_static(ExpirationStatus::ENABLED),
+            rules: vec![PersistedLifecycleRule {
+                status: "Enabled".to_owned(),
                expiration: None,
                abort_incomplete_multipart_upload: None,
                del_marker_expiration: None,
@@ -10436,10 +10460,10 @@ mod tests {
                noncurrent_version_expiration: None,
                noncurrent_version_transitions: None,
                prefix: None,
-                transitions: Some(vec![Transition {
+                transitions: Some(vec![PersistedTransition {
                    days: Some(1),
                    date: None,
-                    storage_class: Some(TransitionStorageClass::from_static("WARM")),
+                    storage_class: Some("WARM".to_owned()),
                }]),
            }],
        }
@@ -12976,8 +13000,9 @@ mod tests {

        for (name, object, lock_config, expected) in cases {
            let object_opts = lifecycle::object_opts_from_object_info(&object);
+            let evaluator_lock_config = lock_config.clone().map(Arc::new);
            let batch_event = Evaluator::new(Arc::new(lifecycle.clone()))
-                .with_lock_retention(lock_config.clone().map(Arc::new))
+                .with_lock_retention(evaluator_lock_config)
                .eval(&[object_opts])
                .await
                .expect("batch lifecycle evaluation should succeed")
@@ -14234,10 +14259,7 @@ mod tests {
        let object = current_object_with_metadata(
            ReplicationStatusType::Completed,
            HashMap::from([
-                (
-                    metadata_keys::OBJECT_LOCK_MODE.to_string(),
-                    s3s::dto::ObjectLockRetentionMode::COMPLIANCE.to_string(),
-                ),
+                (metadata_keys::OBJECT_LOCK_MODE.to_string(), "COMPLIANCE".to_string()),
                (metadata_keys::OBJECT_LOCK_RETAIN_UNTIL_DATE.to_string(), retain_until),
            ]),
        );
@@ -14249,7 +14271,7 @@ mod tests {

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn restored_copy_expiry_is_not_blocked_by_retention() {
-        let lifecycle = BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
+        let lifecycle = PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
            expiry_updated_at: None,
            rules: Vec::new(),
        };
@@ -14259,10 +14281,7 @@ mod tests {
        let mut object = current_object_with_metadata(
            ReplicationStatusType::Completed,
            HashMap::from([
-                (
-                    metadata_keys::OBJECT_LOCK_MODE.to_string(),
-                    ObjectLockRetentionMode::COMPLIANCE.to_string(),
-                ),
+                (metadata_keys::OBJECT_LOCK_MODE.to_string(), "COMPLIANCE".to_string()),
                (metadata_keys::OBJECT_LOCK_RETAIN_UNTIL_DATE.to_string(), retain_until),
            ]),
        );
@@ -14479,7 +14498,7 @@ mod tests {
                "removed" => {
                    metadata_sys::delete(&bucket, BUCKET_LIFECYCLE_CONFIG).await.unwrap();
                }
-                "disabled" => changed.rules[0].status = ExpirationStatus::from_static(ExpirationStatus::DISABLED),
+                "disabled" => changed.rules[0].status = "Disabled".to_owned(),
                "longer-days" => {
                    changed.rules[0]
                        .noncurrent_version_expiration
@@ -14595,7 +14614,7 @@ mod tests {
        );
    }

-    async fn install_test_expiry_policy(ecstore: &Arc<ECStore>, bucket: &str) -> Arc<BucketLifecycleConfiguration> {
+    async fn install_test_expiry_policy(ecstore: &Arc<ECStore>, bucket: &str) -> Arc<PersistedLifecycleConfiguration> {
        let xml = br#"<LifecycleConfiguration><Rule><ID>expire</ID><Status>Enabled</Status><Filter><Prefix></Prefix></Filter><Expiration><Days>0</Days></Expiration><NoncurrentVersionExpiration><NoncurrentDays>0</NoncurrentDays></NoncurrentVersionExpiration></Rule></LifecycleConfiguration>"#;
        metadata_sys::update_in(&ecstore.ctx, bucket, BUCKET_LIFECYCLE_CONFIG, xml.to_vec())
            .await
@@ -15288,7 +15307,11 @@ mod tests {
    #[tokio::test]
    #[serial]
    async fn tier_free_version_recovery_production_entrypoint_enqueues_seeded_item() {
-        let (disk_paths, ecstore) = setup_test_env().await;
+        let (disk_paths, ecstore) =
+            temp_env::async_with_vars([(super::ENV_TIER_FREE_VERSION_RECOVERY_ENABLED, Some("false"))], async {
+                setup_test_env().await
+            })
+            .await;
        let tier = format!("RECOVERY{}", Uuid::new_v4().simple()).to_uppercase();
        crate::services::tier::test_util::register_mock_tier(&ecstore.tier_config_mgr(), &tier).await;
        let runtime_state = install_unconsumed_runtime_expiry_worker(&ecstore, 1).await;
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ use crate::object_api::ObjectInfo;
 pub use rustfs_lifecycle::{
    Event, ExpirationOptions, IlmAction, LIFECYCLE_MALFORMED_XML_ERROR_KIND, Lifecycle, LifecycleCalculate, ObjectOpts,
    RuleValidate, TRANSITION_COMPLETE, TRANSITION_PENDING, TransitionOptions, abort_incomplete_multipart_upload_due,
-    expected_expiry_time, expiration_action_has_valid_target,
+    expected_expiry_time, expiration_action_has_valid_target, format_lifecycle_date, parse_lifecycle_date,
 };

 pub fn object_opts_from_object_info(oi: &ObjectInfo) -> ObjectOpts {
@@ -14,7 +14,8 @@

 use std::sync::Arc;

-use s3s::dto::{BucketLifecycleConfiguration, ObjectLockConfiguration};
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedLifecycleConfiguration;
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedObjectLockConfiguration as ObjectLockConfiguration;
 use time::OffsetDateTime;
 use uuid::Uuid;

@@ -24,7 +25,7 @@ use crate::error::{Error, Result};

 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub(crate) struct LifecycleExpiryConfigs {
-    pub(crate) lifecycle: Option<Arc<BucketLifecycleConfiguration>>,
+    pub(crate) lifecycle: Option<Arc<PersistedLifecycleConfiguration>>,
    pub(crate) object_lock: Option<Arc<ObjectLockConfiguration>>,
    pub(crate) bucket_incarnation_id: Uuid,
    pub(crate) table_bucket_enabled: bool,
@@ -100,7 +101,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn get_expiry_configs_for_options(
    })
 }

-pub(crate) async fn get_lifecycle_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<(BucketLifecycleConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
+pub(crate) async fn get_lifecycle_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<(PersistedLifecycleConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
    metadata_sys::get_lifecycle_config(bucket).await
 }

@@ -110,15 +111,15 @@ mod tests {
    use crate::bucket::metadata::BucketMetadata;
    use crate::bucket::metadata_sys::{self, test_support::isolated_store_over_temp_disks};
    use crate::storage_api_contracts::bucket::MakeBucketOptions;
-    use s3s::dto::{ExpirationStatus, LifecycleExpiration, LifecycleRule};
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{PersistedLifecycleExpiration, PersistedLifecycleRule};
    use serial_test::serial;

-    fn lifecycle_config() -> BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
-        BucketLifecycleConfiguration {
+    fn lifecycle_config() -> PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
+        PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
            expiry_updated_at: None,
-            rules: vec![LifecycleRule {
-                status: ExpirationStatus::from_static(ExpirationStatus::ENABLED),
-                expiration: Some(LifecycleExpiration {
+            rules: vec![PersistedLifecycleRule {
+                status: "Enabled".to_owned(),
+                expiration: Some(PersistedLifecycleExpiration {
                    days: Some(1),
                    ..Default::default()
                }),
@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ pub(crate) fn is_object_locked_by_metadata(user_defined: &HashMap<String, String
 }

 pub(crate) fn check_object_lock_for_deletion_with_config(
-    config: Option<&s3s::dto::ObjectLockConfiguration>,
+    config: Option<&rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedObjectLockConfiguration>,
    obj_info: &ObjectInfo,
    bypass_governance: bool,
 ) -> crate::error::Result<Option<ObjectLockBlockReason>> {
@@ -82,12 +82,13 @@ mod tests {
    use crate::bucket::replication::{DeleteReplicationConfigSnapshot, ReplicationObjectBridge};
    use crate::object_api::{ObjectInfo, ObjectOptions};
    use crate::storage_api_contracts::object::ObjectToDelete;
-    use rustfs_scanner_metrics::metrics::IlmAction;
-    use s3s::dto::{
-        BucketVersioningStatus, DeleteMarkerReplication, DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus, DeleteReplication,
-        DeleteReplicationStatus, Destination, ReplicationConfiguration, ReplicationRule, ReplicationRuleStatus,
-        VersioningConfiguration,
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::dto::Status;
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedVersioningConfiguration as VersioningConfiguration;
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{
+        PersistedOptionalReplicationStatus, PersistedReplicationConfiguration, PersistedReplicationDestination,
+        PersistedReplicationRule, PersistedReplicationStatus,
    };
+    use rustfs_scanner_metrics::metrics::IlmAction;
    use uuid::Uuid;

    use super::*;
@@ -160,27 +161,27 @@ mod tests {
            for purge_enabled in [false, true] {
                let snapshot = DeleteReplicationConfigSnapshot::from_configs_for_test(
                    VersioningConfiguration {
-                        status: Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED)),
+                        status: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
                        ..Default::default()
                    },
-                    Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+                    Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
                        role: String::new(),
-                        rules: vec![ReplicationRule {
-                            delete_marker_replication: Some(DeleteMarkerReplication {
+                        rules: vec![PersistedReplicationRule {
+                            delete_marker_replication: Some(PersistedOptionalReplicationStatus {
                                status: Some(if marker_enabled {
-                                    DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::ENABLED)
+                                    Status::ENABLED.to_string()
                                } else {
-                                    DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::DISABLED)
+                                    Status::DISABLED.to_string()
                                }),
                            }),
-                            delete_replication: Some(DeleteReplication {
+                            delete_replication: Some(PersistedReplicationStatus {
                                status: if purge_enabled {
-                                    DeleteReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteReplicationStatus::ENABLED)
+                                    Status::ENABLED.to_string()
                                } else {
-                                    DeleteReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteReplicationStatus::DISABLED)
+                                    Status::DISABLED.to_string()
                                },
                            }),
-                            destination: Destination {
+                            destination: PersistedReplicationDestination {
                                bucket: "arn:rustfs:replication:target".to_string(),
                                ..Default::default()
                            },
@@ -190,7 +191,7 @@ mod tests {
                            prefix: Some(String::new()),
                            priority: Some(1),
                            source_selection_criteria: None,
-                            status: ReplicationRuleStatus::from_static(ReplicationRuleStatus::ENABLED),
+                            status: Status::ENABLED.to_string(),
                        }],
                    }),
                );
@@ -14,7 +14,7 @@

 use std::sync::Arc;

-use s3s::dto::BucketLifecycleConfiguration;
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedLifecycleConfiguration;
 use tokio::sync::RwLock;
 use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ pub(crate) fn deployment_id() -> Option<String> {
    sources::deployment_id()
 }

-pub(crate) async fn bucket_lifecycle_config(bucket: &str) -> Option<BucketLifecycleConfiguration> {
+pub(crate) async fn bucket_lifecycle_config(bucket: &str) -> Option<PersistedLifecycleConfiguration> {
    sources::bucket_lifecycle_config(bucket).await
 }

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@
 // limitations under the License.

 use super::msgp_decode::{read_msgp_ext8_time, skip_msgp_value, write_msgp_time};
-use super::object_lock::{ObjectLockApi, ObjectLockStatusExt};
+use super::object_lock::ObjectLockApi;
 use super::versioning::VersioningApi;
 use super::{quota::BucketQuota, target::BucketTargets};
 use crate::bucket::replication::invalid_replication_config_status_field;
@@ -25,12 +25,17 @@ use crate::object_api::WriteCompletion;
 use crate::runtime::sources as runtime_sources;
 use crate::store::ECStore;
 use byteorder::{BigEndian, ByteOrder, LittleEndian};
-use rustfs_policy::policy::BucketPolicy;
-use s3s::dto::{
-    AccelerateConfiguration, BucketLifecycleConfiguration, BucketLoggingStatus, BucketVersioningStatus, CORSConfiguration,
-    NotificationConfiguration, ObjectLockConfiguration, PublicAccessBlockConfiguration, ReplicationConfiguration,
-    RequestPaymentConfiguration, ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration, Tagging, VersioningConfiguration, WebsiteConfiguration,
+use rustfs_gateway_types::cors_tagging::{PersistedCorsConfiguration as CORSConfiguration, PersistedTagging as Tagging};
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{
+    PersistedAccelerateConfiguration as AccelerateConfiguration,
+    PersistedBucketEncryptionConfiguration as ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration,
+    PersistedBucketLoggingStatus as BucketLoggingStatus, PersistedLifecycleConfiguration,
+    PersistedNotificationConfiguration as NotificationConfiguration, PersistedObjectLockConfiguration as ObjectLockConfiguration,
+    PersistedPublicAccessBlockConfiguration as PublicAccessBlockConfiguration, PersistedReplicationConfiguration,
+    PersistedRequestPaymentConfiguration as RequestPaymentConfiguration,
+    PersistedVersioningConfiguration as VersioningConfiguration, PersistedWebsiteConfiguration as WebsiteConfiguration,
 };
+use rustfs_policy::policy::BucketPolicy;
 use serde::Serializer;
 use sha2::{Digest, Sha256};
 use std::collections::HashMap;
@@ -40,23 +45,11 @@ use time::{Date, OffsetDateTime, PrimitiveDateTime, Time as CivilTime, UtcOffset
 use tracing::error;
 use uuid::Uuid;

-// The serving-layer DTO impls for the storage-level Object Lock traits live
-// here because this module owns the persisted `ObjectLockConfiguration`
-// during the s3s ratchet migration (rustfs/backlog#1842).
+// The persisted Object Lock configuration answers the storage-level trait
+// here because this module owns the persisted `ObjectLockConfiguration`.
 impl ObjectLockApi for ObjectLockConfiguration {
    fn enabled(&self) -> bool {
-        self.object_lock_enabled
-            .as_ref()
-            .is_some_and(|v| v.as_str() == s3s::dto::ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)
-    }
-}
-
-impl ObjectLockStatusExt for s3s::dto::ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus {
-    fn valid(&self) -> bool {
-        matches!(
-            self.as_str(),
-            s3s::dto::ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus::ON | s3s::dto::ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus::OFF
-        )
+        self.object_lock_enabled.as_deref() == Some("Enabled")
    }
 }

@@ -257,12 +250,14 @@ pub const BUCKET_NOTIFICATION_CONFIG: &str = "notification.xml";
 pub const BUCKET_LIFECYCLE_CONFIG: &str = "lifecycle.xml";
 pub const BUCKET_SSECONFIG: &str = "bucket-encryption.xml";
 /// Validate tag entries supplied to the S3 API.
-pub fn validate_tag_set_entries(tag_set: &[s3s::dto::Tag]) -> std::result::Result<(), &'static str> {
+pub fn validate_tag_set_entries(
+    tag_set: &[rustfs_gateway_types::cors_tagging::PersistedTag],
+) -> std::result::Result<(), &'static str> {
    validate_tag_entries(tag_set, validate_s3_tag_entry)
 }

 fn validate_tag_entries(
-    tag_set: &[s3s::dto::Tag],
+    tag_set: &[rustfs_gateway_types::cors_tagging::PersistedTag],
    mut validate_entry: impl FnMut(&str, &str) -> std::result::Result<(), &'static str>,
 ) -> std::result::Result<(), &'static str> {
    let mut keys = std::collections::HashSet::with_capacity(tag_set.len());
@@ -323,7 +318,9 @@ pub fn is_swift_bucket_metadata_tag_key(key: &str) -> bool {
        || key.starts_with(SWIFT_CONTAINER_META_TAG_PREFIX)
 }

-fn validate_persisted_bucket_tags(tags: &[s3s::dto::Tag]) -> std::result::Result<(), &'static str> {
+fn validate_persisted_bucket_tags(
+    tags: &[rustfs_gateway_types::cors_tagging::PersistedTag],
+) -> std::result::Result<(), &'static str> {
    const SWIFT_ACL_MAX_BYTES: usize = 8192;
    const SWIFT_META_NAME_MAX_BYTES: usize = 128;
    const MAX_PERSISTED_TAGS: usize = MAX_BUCKET_TAGS + 2 * MAX_SWIFT_METADATA_COUNT + 4;
@@ -561,6 +558,8 @@ pub struct BucketMetadata {
    pub bucket_incarnation_id: Uuid,
    pub(crate) bucket_incarnation_sidecar: bool,
    pub(crate) bucket_creation_committed: bool,
+    // A legacy default is not proof of an interrupted creation.
+    pub(crate) bucket_creation_commit_record_present: bool,
    pub policy_config_json: Vec<u8>,
    pub notification_config_xml: Vec<u8>,
    pub lifecycle_config_xml: Vec<u8>,
@@ -609,13 +608,13 @@ pub struct BucketMetadata {

    pub policy_config: Option<BucketPolicy>,
    pub notification_config: Option<NotificationConfiguration>,
-    pub lifecycle_config: Option<BucketLifecycleConfiguration>,
+    pub lifecycle_config: Option<PersistedLifecycleConfiguration>,
    pub object_lock_config: Option<ObjectLockConfiguration>,
    pub versioning_config: Option<VersioningConfiguration>,
    pub sse_config: Option<ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration>,
    pub tagging_config: Option<Tagging>,
    pub quota_config: Option<BucketQuota>,
-    pub replication_config: Option<ReplicationConfiguration>,
+    pub replication_config: Option<PersistedReplicationConfiguration>,
    pub bucket_target_config: Option<BucketTargets>,
    pub bucket_target_config_meta: Option<HashMap<String, String>>,
    pub cors_config: Option<CORSConfiguration>,
@@ -636,6 +635,7 @@ impl Default for BucketMetadata {
            bucket_incarnation_id: Uuid::nil(),
            bucket_incarnation_sidecar: false,
            bucket_creation_committed: false,
+            bucket_creation_commit_record_present: false,
            policy_config_json: Default::default(),
            notification_config_xml: Default::default(),
            lifecycle_config_xml: Default::default(),
@@ -874,7 +874,10 @@ impl BucketMetadata {
                "TableBucketConfigUpdatedAt" => self.table_bucket_config_updated_at = read_msgp_time_value(rd)?,
                "DurabilityConfigUpdatedAt" => self.durability_config_updated_at = read_msgp_time_value(rd)?,
                "OnDemandMigrationConfigUpdatedAt" => self.on_demand_migration_config_updated_at = read_msgp_time_value(rd)?,
-                "BucketCreationCommitted" => self.bucket_creation_committed = read_msgp_bool(rd)?,
+                "BucketCreationCommitted" => {
+                    self.bucket_creation_committed = read_msgp_bool(rd)?;
+                    self.bucket_creation_commit_record_present = true;
+                }
                other => {
                    tracing::debug!(field = %other, "BucketMetadata decode_from: skipping unknown field");
                    skip_msgp_value(rd)?;
@@ -887,8 +890,10 @@ impl BucketMetadata {

    /// Encode to msgp bytes. Field order follows MinIO BucketMetadata for compatibility.
    pub fn encode_to<W: Write>(&self, wr: &mut W) -> Result<()> {
-        // Map size: MinIO fields (25) + RustFS extensions (22)
-        let map_len: u32 = 47;
+        // Preserve the absence of a legacy commit record across config rewrites.
+        let commit_record_present = self.bucket_creation_commit_record_present || self.bucket_creation_committed;
+        // Map size: MinIO fields (25) + RustFS extensions (21) + optional commit record.
+        let map_len: u32 = 46 + u32::from(commit_record_present);
        rmp::encode::write_map_len(wr, map_len)?;

        // MinIO field order (same as Go struct)
@@ -969,8 +974,10 @@ impl BucketMetadata {
        write_msgp_time(wr, self.durability_config_updated_at)?;
        rmp::encode::write_str(wr, "OnDemandMigrationConfigUpdatedAt")?;
        write_msgp_time(wr, self.on_demand_migration_config_updated_at)?;
-        rmp::encode::write_str(wr, "BucketCreationCommitted")?;
-        rmp::encode::write_bool(wr, self.bucket_creation_committed)?;
+        if commit_record_present {
+            rmp::encode::write_str(wr, "BucketCreationCommitted")?;
+            rmp::encode::write_bool(wr, self.bucket_creation_committed)?;
+        }

        Ok(())
    }
@@ -1147,9 +1154,11 @@ impl BucketMetadata {
                    None
                } else {
                    let config = deserialize::<VersioningConfiguration>(&data)?;
-                    if config.status.as_ref().is_some_and(|status| {
-                        !matches!(status.as_str(), BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED | BucketVersioningStatus::SUSPENDED)
-                    }) {
+                    if config
+                        .status
+                        .as_ref()
+                        .is_some_and(|status| !matches!(status.as_str(), "Enabled" | "Suspended"))
+                    {
                        return Err(Error::other("bucket versioning configuration has an invalid status"));
                    }
                    Some(config)
@@ -1162,7 +1171,7 @@ impl BucketMetadata {
                let config = if data.is_empty() {
                    None
                } else {
-                    let config = deserialize::<ReplicationConfiguration>(&data)?;
+                    let config = deserialize::<PersistedReplicationConfiguration>(&data)?;
                    if let Some(field) = invalid_replication_config_status_field(&config) {
                        return Err(Error::other(format!("replication field {field} has an invalid status")));
                    }
@@ -1356,8 +1365,8 @@ impl BucketMetadata {
        }
        self.lifecycle_config = None;
        if !self.lifecycle_config_xml.is_empty()
-            && let Err(e) =
-                deserialize::<BucketLifecycleConfiguration>(&self.lifecycle_config_xml).map(|c| self.lifecycle_config = Some(c))
+            && let Err(e) = deserialize::<PersistedLifecycleConfiguration>(&self.lifecycle_config_xml)
+                .map(|c| self.lifecycle_config = Some(c))
        {
            tracing::warn!(
                event = "bucket_metadata_parse_failed",
@@ -1443,8 +1452,8 @@ impl BucketMetadata {
        }
        self.replication_config = None;
        if !self.replication_config_xml.is_empty()
-            && let Err(e) =
-                deserialize::<ReplicationConfiguration>(&self.replication_config_xml).map(|c| self.replication_config = Some(c))
+            && let Err(e) = deserialize::<PersistedReplicationConfiguration>(&self.replication_config_xml)
+                .map(|c| self.replication_config = Some(c))
        {
            tracing::warn!(
                event = "bucket_metadata_parse_failed",
@@ -1824,6 +1833,13 @@ mod test {
        let mut bm = BucketMetadata::unmarshal(&body[4..]).expect("unmarshal recovered blob");
        assert_eq!(bm.name, "interop");
        assert!(!bm.bucket_creation_committed, "legacy metadata must default to uncommitted");
+        assert!(!bm.bucket_creation_commit_record_present, "legacy metadata has no creation-commit record");
+        let rewritten = BucketMetadata::unmarshal(&bm.marshal_msg().expect("rewrite legacy metadata"))
+            .expect("read rewritten legacy metadata");
+        assert!(
+            !rewritten.bucket_creation_commit_record_present,
+            "rewriting legacy metadata must not fabricate a creation intent"
+        );
        bm.parse_all_configs().expect("parse recovered configs");
        assert!(bm.lifecycle_config.is_some());
    }
@@ -1841,6 +1857,7 @@ mod test {

        assert_eq!(bm.name, new.name);
        assert!(new.bucket_creation_committed);
+        assert!(new.bucket_creation_commit_record_present);
        assert!(!bm.bucket_incarnation_id.is_nil());
        assert_eq!(bm.bucket_incarnation_id, new.bucket_incarnation_id);
    }
@@ -1912,7 +1929,7 @@ mod test {

    #[test]
    fn persisted_bucket_tags_keep_separate_s3_and_swift_limits() {
-        use s3s::dto::Tag;
+        use rustfs_gateway_types::cors_tagging::PersistedTag as Tag;

        let tag = |key: String, value: &str| Tag {
            key: Some(key),
@@ -2004,17 +2021,15 @@ mod test {

    #[test]
    fn object_locking_requires_lock_metadata_not_plain_versioning() {
-        use s3s::dto::ObjectLockEnabled;
-
        let mut bm = BucketMetadata::new("test-bucket");
        bm.versioning_config = Some(VersioningConfiguration {
-            status: Some(s3s::dto::BucketVersioningStatus::from_static("Enabled")),
+            status: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
            ..Default::default()
        });
        assert!(!bm.object_locking());

        bm.object_lock_config = Some(ObjectLockConfiguration {
-            object_lock_enabled: Some(ObjectLockEnabled::from_static(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)),
+            object_lock_enabled: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
            ..Default::default()
        });
        assert!(bm.object_locking());
@@ -31,14 +31,18 @@ use crate::storage_api_contracts::heal::HealOperations as _;
 use crate::storage_api_contracts::namespace::NamespaceLocking as _;
 use crate::store::{ECStore, await_bucket_namespace_operation};
 use futures::future::join_all;
+use rustfs_gateway_types::cors_tagging::{PersistedCorsConfiguration as CORSConfiguration, PersistedTagging as Tagging};
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{
+    PersistedAccelerateConfiguration as AccelerateConfiguration,
+    PersistedBucketEncryptionConfiguration as ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration,
+    PersistedBucketLoggingStatus as BucketLoggingStatus, PersistedLifecycleConfiguration,
+    PersistedNotificationConfiguration as NotificationConfiguration, PersistedObjectLockConfiguration as ObjectLockConfiguration,
+    PersistedPublicAccessBlockConfiguration as PublicAccessBlockConfiguration, PersistedReplicationConfiguration,
+    PersistedRequestPaymentConfiguration as RequestPaymentConfiguration,
+    PersistedVersioningConfiguration as VersioningConfiguration, PersistedWebsiteConfiguration as WebsiteConfiguration,
+};
 use rustfs_heal_contracts::heal_channel::HealOpts;
 use rustfs_policy::policy::BucketPolicy;
-use s3s::dto::ReplicationConfiguration;
-use s3s::dto::{
-    AccelerateConfiguration, BucketLifecycleConfiguration, BucketLoggingStatus, CORSConfiguration, NotificationConfiguration,
-    ObjectLockConfiguration, ObjectLockEnabled, ObjectLockRetentionMode, PublicAccessBlockConfiguration,
-    RequestPaymentConfiguration, ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration, Tagging, VersioningConfiguration, WebsiteConfiguration,
-};
 use std::collections::HashSet;
 use std::time::Duration;
 use std::{
@@ -169,7 +173,7 @@ pub(crate) fn object_lock_config_state_from_authoritative_metadata(bm: &BucketMe
    if bm.lock_enabled {
        return Ok(ObjectLockConfigState::Configured {
            config: ObjectLockConfiguration {
-                object_lock_enabled: Some(ObjectLockEnabled::from_static(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)),
+                object_lock_enabled: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
                rule: None,
            },
            updated_at: bm.object_lock_config_updated_at,
@@ -213,17 +217,10 @@ pub(crate) fn configured_object_lock_state_for_tests(
 ) -> ObjectLockConfigState {
    ObjectLockConfigState::Configured {
        config: ObjectLockConfiguration {
-            object_lock_enabled: Some(ObjectLockEnabled::from_static(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)),
-            rule: Some(s3s::dto::ObjectLockRule {
-                default_retention: Some(s3s::dto::DefaultRetention {
-                    mode: Some(s3s::dto::ObjectLockRetentionMode::from_static(match mode {
-                        crate::bucket::object_lock::types::RetentionMode::Governance => {
-                            s3s::dto::ObjectLockRetentionMode::GOVERNANCE
-                        }
-                        crate::bucket::object_lock::types::RetentionMode::Compliance => {
-                            s3s::dto::ObjectLockRetentionMode::COMPLIANCE
-                        }
-                    })),
+            object_lock_enabled: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
+            rule: Some(rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedObjectLockRule {
+                default_retention: Some(rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedDefaultRetention {
+                    mode: Some(mode.as_str().to_owned()),
                    days: Some(days),
                    years: None,
                }),
@@ -234,7 +231,7 @@ pub(crate) fn configured_object_lock_state_for_tests(
 }

 fn validate_authoritative_object_lock_config(config: &ObjectLockConfiguration) -> Result<()> {
-    if config.object_lock_enabled.as_ref().map(ObjectLockEnabled::as_str) != Some(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED) {
+    if config.object_lock_enabled.as_deref() != Some("Enabled") {
        return Err(Error::other("persisted bucket Object Lock enabled state is invalid"));
    }

@@ -247,7 +244,7 @@ fn validate_authoritative_object_lock_config(config: &ObjectLockConfiguration) -
    if !retention
        .mode
        .as_ref()
-        .is_some_and(|mode| matches!(mode.as_str(), ObjectLockRetentionMode::COMPLIANCE | ObjectLockRetentionMode::GOVERNANCE))
+        .is_some_and(|mode| matches!(mode.as_str(), "COMPLIANCE" | "GOVERNANCE"))
    {
        return Err(Error::other("persisted bucket Object Lock retention mode is invalid"));
    }
@@ -1641,7 +1638,7 @@ pub async fn get_public_access_block_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<(PublicAcces
    bucket_meta_sys.get_public_access_block_config(bucket).await
 }

-pub async fn get_lifecycle_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<(BucketLifecycleConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
+pub async fn get_lifecycle_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<(PersistedLifecycleConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
    let bucket_meta_sys_lock = get_bucket_metadata_sys()?;
    let bucket_meta_sys = bucket_meta_sys_lock.read().await;

@@ -1917,7 +1914,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn get_cached_quota_config_and_incarnation_in(
    bucket_meta_sys.cached_quota_config_and_incarnation(bucket).await
 }

-pub async fn get_replication_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<(ReplicationConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
+pub async fn get_replication_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<(PersistedReplicationConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
    let bucket_meta_sys_lock = get_bucket_metadata_sys()?;
    let bucket_meta_sys = bucket_meta_sys_lock.read().await;

@@ -1927,7 +1924,7 @@ pub async fn get_replication_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<(ReplicationConfigur
 pub(crate) async fn get_replication_config_in(
    ctx: &crate::runtime::instance::InstanceContext,
    bucket: &str,
-) -> Result<(ReplicationConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
+) -> Result<(PersistedReplicationConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
    let bucket_meta_sys_lock = bucket_metadata_sys_of(ctx)?;
    let bucket_meta_sys = bucket_meta_sys_lock.read().await;

@@ -2065,9 +2062,27 @@ pub(crate) fn current_local_meta_mutation_gen() -> u64 {

 type LocalAuthorityCache = Arc<StdMutex<HashMap<String, (u64, Arc<BucketMetadata>)>>>;

+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
+pub(crate) struct PendingBucketCreationProof {
+    pub(crate) generation: Uuid,
+    pub(crate) intent: Vec<u8>,
+    pub(crate) versioning_requested: bool,
+    pub(crate) witnesses: Vec<crate::disk::os::NativeBucketCreationWitness>,
+}
+
+impl PendingBucketCreationProof {
+    pub(crate) fn matches_metadata(&self, metadata: &BucketMetadata) -> Result<bool> {
+        Ok(!metadata.bucket_creation_committed
+            && metadata.bucket_incarnation_sidecar
+            && metadata.bucket_incarnation_id == self.generation
+            && metadata.marshal_msg()? == self.intent)
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct BucketMetadataSys {
    metadata_map: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<String, Arc<BucketMetadata>>>>,
+    pending_bucket_creations: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<String, PendingBucketCreationProof>>>,
    local_authority_cache: LocalAuthorityCache,
    /// Serializes metadata-map commits and their derived cache updates for one
    /// bucket. Namespace locks, when present, are acquired before this lock.
@@ -2112,6 +2127,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
    pub fn new(api: Arc<ECStore>) -> Self {
        Self {
            metadata_map: Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
+            pending_bucket_creations: Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
            local_authority_cache: Arc::new(StdMutex::new(HashMap::new())),
            metadata_publish_locks: Arc::new(MetadataPublishLockRegistry {
                locks: StdMutex::new(HashMap::new()),
@@ -2143,6 +2159,81 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
            .expect("bucket metadata object store should still be live")
    }

+    pub(crate) async fn pending_bucket_creation(&self, bucket: &str) -> Option<PendingBucketCreationProof> {
+        self.pending_bucket_creations.read().await.get(bucket).cloned()
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) async fn grant_pending_bucket_creation(&self, bucket: &str, proof: PendingBucketCreationProof) {
+        self.pending_bucket_creations.write().await.insert(bucket.to_owned(), proof);
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) async fn revoke_pending_bucket_creation(&self, bucket: &str) {
+        self.pending_bucket_creations.write().await.remove(bucket);
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) async fn consume_pending_bucket_creation(
+        &self,
+        bucket: &str,
+        metadata: &BucketMetadata,
+        witnesses: &[crate::disk::os::NativeBucketCreationWitness],
+    ) -> Result<bool> {
+        let mut pending = self.pending_bucket_creations.write().await;
+        let Some(proof) = pending.get(bucket) else {
+            return Ok(false);
+        };
+        if !proof.matches_metadata(metadata)?
+            || proof.witnesses.len() != witnesses.len()
+            || !proof
+                .witnesses
+                .iter()
+                .zip(witnesses)
+                .all(|(old, current)| old.matches(current))
+            || !crate::disk::os::consume_native_creation_witnesses(witnesses)
+        {
+            return Ok(false);
+        }
+        pending.remove(bucket);
+        Ok(true)
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    pub(crate) async fn refresh_bucket_for_test(&self, bucket: &str) -> Result<()> {
+        let expected = self.metadata_map.read().await.get(bucket).cloned();
+        let lock = self.object_store().new_ns_lock(bucket, bucket).await?;
+        let guard = lock.get_read_lock(crate::set_disk::get_lock_acquire_timeout()).await?;
+        self.load_bucket_under_namespace(bucket, MetadataLoadMode::Refresh, expected.as_ref(), &guard)
+            .await
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    pub(crate) async fn publish_persisted_metadata_for_test(&self, bucket: &str) -> Result<()> {
+        let expected = self.metadata_map.read().await.get(bucket).cloned();
+        let lock = self.object_store().new_ns_lock(bucket, bucket).await?;
+        let guard = lock.get_read_lock(crate::set_disk::get_lock_acquire_timeout()).await?;
+        let (metadata, persisted) = await_bucket_namespace_operation(
+            Some(&guard),
+            bucket,
+            "test cached metadata load",
+            load_bucket_metadata_parse_with_presence(self.object_store(), bucket, true),
+        )
+        .await?;
+        self.publish_if_unchanged(bucket, expected.as_ref(), metadata, persisted, &guard)
+            .await
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    pub(crate) async fn migrate_bucket_creation_commit_for_test(&self, bucket: &str) -> Result<()> {
+        self.migrate_bucket_creation_commit(bucket).await.map(|_| ())
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    pub(crate) async fn legacy_migration_reports_missing_bucket_for_test(&self, bucket: &str) -> Result<bool> {
+        Ok(matches!(
+            self.migrate_legacy_metadata(bucket).await?,
+            BucketMetadataAuthority::MissingBucket
+        ))
+    }
+
    fn object_store_if_live(&self) -> Option<Arc<ECStore>> {
        self.api.upgrade()
    }
@@ -2342,6 +2433,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
        expected: Option<&Arc<BucketMetadata>>,
        namespace_guard: &rustfs_lock::NamespaceLockGuard,
    ) -> Result<()> {
+        self.revoke_pending_bucket_creation(bucket).await;
        if !await_bucket_namespace_operation(
            Some(namespace_guard),
            bucket,
@@ -2425,6 +2517,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
        persisted: bool,
        namespace_guard: &rustfs_lock::NamespaceLockGuard,
    ) -> Result<()> {
+        self.revoke_pending_bucket_creation(bucket).await;
        if !persisted {
            let _publish_guard = self
                .lock_metadata_publish(bucket, namespace_guard, "refreshed bucket metadata absence publish")
@@ -2486,6 +2579,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
    }

    pub async fn set(&self, bucket: String, bm: Arc<BucketMetadata>) {
+        self.revoke_pending_bucket_creation(&bucket).await;
        bump_local_meta_mutation_gen();
        if !is_meta_bucketname(&bucket) {
            let publish_lock = self.metadata_publish_lock(&bucket);
@@ -2509,6 +2603,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
        if is_meta_bucketname(bucket) {
            return false;
        }
+        self.revoke_pending_bucket_creation(bucket).await;
        let publish_lock = self.metadata_publish_lock(bucket);
        let _publish_guard = publish_lock.lock().await;
        let mut map = self.metadata_map.write().await;
@@ -2526,6 +2621,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
    }

    async fn _reset(&mut self) {
+        self.pending_bucket_creations.write().await.clear();
        bump_local_meta_mutation_gen();
        let mut map = self.metadata_map.write().await;
        map.clear();
@@ -2665,6 +2761,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
    /// server's metadata never leaks into the ambient (first) instance.
    pub(crate) async fn persist_and_set(&self, bm: BucketMetadata) -> Result<()> {
        let mut bm = bm;
+        self.revoke_pending_bucket_creation(&bm.name).await;
        bm.save_with_store(self.object_store()).await?;

        self.set(bm.name.clone(), Arc::new(bm)).await;
@@ -2673,6 +2770,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
    }

    async fn persist_new_and_set(&self, mut bm: BucketMetadata) -> Result<()> {
+        self.revoke_pending_bucket_creation(&bm.name).await;
        bm.bucket_creation_committed = true;
        bm.save_with_store_committed(self.object_store()).await?;
        save_bucket_incarnation(self.object_store(), &bm.name, bm.bucket_incarnation_id).await?;
@@ -2682,7 +2780,9 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
    }

    async fn persist_new_bucket_metadata_intent(&self, mut bm: BucketMetadata) -> Result<()> {
+        self.revoke_pending_bucket_creation(&bm.name).await;
        bm.bucket_creation_committed = false;
+        bm.bucket_creation_commit_record_present = true;
        bm.save_with_store(self.object_store()).await?;
        save_bucket_incarnation(self.object_store(), &bm.name, bm.bucket_incarnation_id).await?;
        bm.bucket_incarnation_sidecar = true;
@@ -2692,6 +2792,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
    }

    async fn commit_bucket_metadata(&self, mut bm: BucketMetadata) -> Result<()> {
+        self.revoke_pending_bucket_creation(&bm.name).await;
        bm.parse_all_configs()?;
        bm.bucket_incarnation_sidecar = true;
        // The caller holds the full bucket creation fence (lifecycle, metadata
@@ -2740,6 +2841,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
        bucket: &str,
        namespace_guard: &rustfs_lock::NamespaceLockGuard,
    ) -> Result<()> {
+        self.revoke_pending_bucket_creation(bucket).await;
        let expected = self.metadata_map.read().await.get(bucket).cloned();
        if !self
            .bucket_exists(bucket, namespace_guard, "peer bucket metadata existence check")
@@ -2796,6 +2898,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
            #[cfg(test)]
            self.lazy_disk_loads.fetch_add(1, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Relaxed);

+            self.revoke_pending_bucket_creation(bucket).await;
            let lock = self.object_store().new_ns_lock(bucket, bucket).await?;
            let guard = lock.get_read_lock(crate::set_disk::get_lock_acquire_timeout()).await?;
            #[cfg(test)]
@@ -3121,6 +3224,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
    /// revalidated at write quorum, so a stale snapshot can neither revert an
    /// acknowledged configuration update nor outlive a delete/recreate.
    async fn migrate_bucket_creation_commit(&self, bucket: &str) -> Result<BucketMetadataAuthority> {
+        self.revoke_pending_bucket_creation(bucket).await;
        let transaction_guard = acquire_metadata_transaction_guard(
            self.object_store(),
            bucket,
@@ -3198,6 +3302,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
        &self,
        bucket: &str,
    ) -> Result<BucketMetadataAuthority> {
+        self.revoke_pending_bucket_creation(bucket).await;
        #[cfg(test)]
        if self.object_lock_disk_read_errors.write().await.remove(bucket) {
            return Err(Error::other(format!("injected Object Lock metadata disk read failure: {bucket}")));
@@ -3420,7 +3525,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
        }
    }

-    pub async fn get_lifecycle_config(&self, bucket: &str) -> Result<(BucketLifecycleConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
+    pub async fn get_lifecycle_config(&self, bucket: &str) -> Result<(PersistedLifecycleConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
        let (bm, _) = self.get_config(bucket).await?;

        match ConfigState::of(&bm.lifecycle_config_xml, &bm.lifecycle_config).require(bucket, BUCKET_LIFECYCLE_CONFIG)? {
@@ -3543,7 +3648,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
        }))
    }

-    pub async fn get_replication_config(&self, bucket: &str) -> Result<(ReplicationConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
+    pub async fn get_replication_config(&self, bucket: &str) -> Result<(PersistedReplicationConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
        let (bm, _) = self.get_config(bucket).await?;

        if !bm.replication_config_xml.is_empty() && bm.replication_config.is_none() {
@@ -3645,6 +3750,7 @@ mod tests {
    };
    use crate::bucket::target::{BucketTarget, BucketTargetType, Credentials};
    use crate::config::com::read_config;
+    use crate::disk::{DiskAPI as _, RUSTFS_META_TMP_BUCKET};
    use crate::storage_api_contracts::bucket::{BucketOperations as _, DeleteBucketOptions, MakeBucketOptions};
    use byteorder::{ByteOrder as _, LittleEndian};
    use serial_test::serial;
@@ -3699,6 +3805,180 @@ mod tests {
        ),
    ];

+    #[tokio::test]
+    #[serial(storage_class_env)]
+    async fn persistence_entry_failures_revoke_pending_creation_before_cache_publish() {
+        let (dirs, store) = isolated_store_over_temp_disks().await;
+        init_bucket_metadata_sys(store.clone(), Vec::new()).await;
+        let sys = bucket_metadata_sys_of(&store.ctx).expect("instance metadata system");
+        let sys = sys.read().await.clone();
+        let options = MakeBucketOptions {
+            lock_enabled: true,
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        for entry in ["save", "persist", "persist-new", "commit"] {
+            let bucket = format!("revoke-{entry}-{}", Uuid::new_v4());
+            store.fail_next_bucket_creation_after_intent_for_test(&bucket);
+            store
+                .make_bucket(&bucket, &options)
+                .await
+                .expect_err("stop the real producer before physical publication");
+            sys.pending_bucket_creation(&bucket)
+                .await
+                .expect("the producer must leave a real live creation permission");
+            let (intent, persisted) = get_config_from_disk_with_presence_in(&store.ctx, &bucket)
+                .await
+                .expect("read the original producer intent");
+            assert!(persisted, "{entry}: the complete original intent must be persisted");
+            let original_intent = intent.marshal_msg().expect("encode the original intent");
+
+            // Keep the creation fence order used by the real producer.
+            let lifecycle_guard = store
+                .acquire_bucket_lifecycle_write_lock(&bucket)
+                .await
+                .expect("hold the bucket lifecycle fence");
+            let transaction_guard = acquire_bucket_metadata_transaction_lock_in(&store.ctx, &bucket)
+                .await
+                .expect("hold the metadata transaction fence");
+            let namespace_lock = store
+                .new_ns_lock(&bucket, &bucket)
+                .await
+                .expect("create the exact bucket namespace lock");
+            let namespace_guard = namespace_lock
+                .get_write_lock(crate::set_disk::get_lock_acquire_timeout())
+                .await
+                .expect("hold the exact bucket namespace fence");
+
+            // A file at each native staging root causes actual IO to fail before
+            // metadata can reach the cache-publishing set call. Preserve the
+            // original staging directories so no fixture data is discarded.
+            for dir in &dirs {
+                let staging = dir.path().join(RUSTFS_META_TMP_BUCKET);
+                let saved = dir.path().join(".rustfs.sys/revocation-saved-tmp");
+                std::fs::rename(&staging, &saved).expect("preserve the native staging directory");
+                std::fs::write(&staging, b"block metadata staging with a non-directory")
+                    .expect("install an actual non-directory IO obstruction");
+            }
+            let result = match entry {
+                "save" => sys.save(intent).await,
+                "persist" => sys.persist_and_set(intent).await,
+                "persist-new" => sys.persist_new_and_set(intent).await,
+                "commit" => sys.commit_bucket_metadata(intent).await,
+                _ => unreachable!(),
+            };
+            for dir in &dirs {
+                let staging = dir.path().join(RUSTFS_META_TMP_BUCKET);
+                let saved = dir.path().join(".rustfs.sys/revocation-saved-tmp");
+                std::fs::remove_file(&staging).expect("remove only the fixture's staging obstruction");
+                std::fs::rename(&saved, &staging).expect("restore the complete original staging directory");
+            }
+            drop((namespace_guard, transaction_guard, lifecycle_guard));
+            result.expect_err("native persistence must fail before its downstream cache set");
+            assert!(
+                sys.pending_bucket_creation(&bucket).await.is_none(),
+                "{entry}: the entry revoker must retire live permission even when persistence fails"
+            );
+            let (after_failure, present) = get_config_from_disk_with_presence_in(&store.ctx, &bucket)
+                .await
+                .expect("read the intent after the failed persistence entry");
+            assert!(present, "{entry}: a failed persistence entry must retain the original metadata");
+            assert_eq!(
+                after_failure
+                    .marshal_msg()
+                    .expect("encode the original intent after persistence failure"),
+                original_intent,
+                "{entry}: native IO failure must not change the original generation or complete intent"
+            );
+            let error = store
+                .make_bucket(&bucket, &options)
+                .await
+                .expect_err("a failed ordinary persistence entry cannot preserve creation permission");
+            assert!(error.to_string().contains("administrator recovery"), "{entry}: {error}");
+            let (after_retry, _) = get_config_from_disk_with_presence_in(&store.ctx, &bucket)
+                .await
+                .expect("read the original intent after the rejected retry");
+            assert_eq!(
+                after_retry.marshal_msg().expect("encode the intent after the rejected retry"),
+                original_intent,
+                "{entry}: the rejected retry must preserve the complete original intent"
+            );
+            for disk in store.pools[0].disk_set[0].disks.read().await.iter() {
+                assert!(
+                    matches!(
+                        disk.as_ref().expect("native disk").stat_volume(&bucket).await,
+                        Err(crate::disk::error::DiskError::VolumeNotFound)
+                    ),
+                    "{entry}: failed persistence and the rejected retry must not publish a physical volume"
+                );
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    #[serial(storage_class_env)]
+    async fn metadata_reset_revokes_real_pending_creation_without_changing_persisted_intent() {
+        let (_dirs, store) = isolated_store_over_temp_disks().await;
+        init_bucket_metadata_sys(store.clone(), Vec::new()).await;
+        let bucket = format!("revoke-reset-{}", Uuid::new_v4());
+        let options = MakeBucketOptions {
+            lock_enabled: true,
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        store.fail_next_bucket_creation_after_intent_for_test(&bucket);
+        store
+            .make_bucket(&bucket, &options)
+            .await
+            .expect_err("stop the real producer before physical publication");
+        let sys = bucket_metadata_sys_of(&store.ctx).expect("instance metadata system");
+        let mut sys = sys.read().await.clone();
+        sys.pending_bucket_creation(&bucket)
+            .await
+            .expect("the real producer must leave live creation permission before reset");
+        let (intent, persisted) = get_config_from_disk_with_presence_in(&store.ctx, &bucket)
+            .await
+            .expect("read the original intent before cache reset");
+        assert!(persisted, "cache reset starts from a complete real persisted intent");
+        let original_intent = intent.marshal_msg().expect("encode the original reset intent");
+        sys._reset().await;
+        assert!(
+            sys.pending_bucket_creation(&bucket).await.is_none(),
+            "reset must revoke the producer-issued permission shared with the instance metadata system"
+        );
+        let (after_reset, present) = get_config_from_disk_with_presence_in(&store.ctx, &bucket)
+            .await
+            .expect("read the original intent after cache reset");
+        assert!(present, "cache reset must retain the persisted intent");
+        assert_eq!(
+            after_reset.marshal_msg().expect("encode the intent after cache reset"),
+            original_intent,
+            "cache reset must leave the original generation and complete persisted intent unchanged"
+        );
+        let error = store
+            .make_bucket(&bucket, &options)
+            .await
+            .expect_err("reset cannot regrant the producer's old creation permission");
+        assert!(error.to_string().contains("administrator recovery"), "{error}");
+        let (after_retry, _) = get_config_from_disk_with_presence_in(&store.ctx, &bucket)
+            .await
+            .expect("read the intent after the reset-induced retry rejection");
+        assert_eq!(
+            after_retry
+                .marshal_msg()
+                .expect("encode the intent after the rejected reset retry"),
+            original_intent,
+            "the reset-induced rejection must preserve the original complete intent"
+        );
+        for disk in store.pools[0].disk_set[0].disks.read().await.iter() {
+            assert!(
+                matches!(
+                    disk.as_ref().expect("native disk").stat_volume(&bucket).await,
+                    Err(crate::disk::error::DiskError::VolumeNotFound)
+                ),
+                "cache reset and the rejected retry must not publish a physical volume"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
    #[tokio::test]
    async fn g_d3_003_new_writer_replication_loads_without_fail_closed_state() {
        let (dirs, store) = isolated_store_over_temp_disks().await;
@@ -3887,7 +4167,7 @@ mod tests {
        let mut versioned = BucketMetadata::new("authoritative-versioned");
        versioned.versioning_config_xml = b"<VersioningConfiguration><Status>Enabled</Status></VersioningConfiguration>".to_vec();
        versioned.versioning_config = Some(VersioningConfiguration {
-            status: Some(s3s::dto::BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(s3s::dto::BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED)),
+            status: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
            ..Default::default()
        });
        sys.set("authoritative-versioned".to_string(), Arc::new(versioned)).await;
@@ -4010,25 +4290,24 @@ mod tests {
        else {
            panic!("legacy lock-enabled metadata must remain configured");
        };
-        assert_eq!(
-            config.object_lock_enabled.as_ref().map(|value| value.as_str()),
-            Some(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)
-        );
+        assert_eq!(config.object_lock_enabled.as_deref(), Some("Enabled"));
        assert!(config.rule.is_none());
    }

    #[test]
    fn authoritative_object_lock_state_rejects_invalid_retention_periods() {
-        use s3s::dto::{DefaultRetention, ObjectLockRule};
+        use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{
+            PersistedDefaultRetention as DefaultRetention, PersistedObjectLockRule as ObjectLockRule,
+        };

        for (days, years) in [(Some(0), None), (Some(-1), None), (Some(1), Some(1)), (None, None)] {
            let mut metadata = BucketMetadata::new("invalid-object-lock");
            metadata.object_lock_config = Some(ObjectLockConfiguration {
-                object_lock_enabled: Some(ObjectLockEnabled::from_static(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)),
+                object_lock_enabled: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
                rule: Some(ObjectLockRule {
                    default_retention: Some(DefaultRetention {
                        days,
-                        mode: Some(ObjectLockRetentionMode::from_static(ObjectLockRetentionMode::COMPLIANCE)),
+                        mode: Some("COMPLIANCE".to_owned()),
                        years,
                    }),
                }),
@@ -4043,9 +4322,11 @@ mod tests {

    #[test]
    fn authoritative_object_lock_state_rejects_invalid_enabled_mode_and_rule() {
-        use s3s::dto::{DefaultRetention, ObjectLockRule};
+        use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{
+            PersistedDefaultRetention as DefaultRetention, PersistedObjectLockRule as ObjectLockRule,
+        };

-        for enabled in [None, Some(ObjectLockEnabled::from("Disabled".to_string()))] {
+        for enabled in [None, Some("Disabled".to_string())] {
            let mut metadata = BucketMetadata::new("invalid-object-lock-enabled");
            metadata.lock_enabled = true;
            metadata.object_lock_config = Some(ObjectLockConfiguration {
@@ -4057,11 +4338,11 @@ mod tests {

        let mut invalid_mode = BucketMetadata::new("invalid-object-lock-mode");
        invalid_mode.object_lock_config = Some(ObjectLockConfiguration {
-            object_lock_enabled: Some(ObjectLockEnabled::from_static(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)),
+            object_lock_enabled: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
            rule: Some(ObjectLockRule {
                default_retention: Some(DefaultRetention {
                    days: Some(1),
-                    mode: Some(ObjectLockRetentionMode::from("invalid".to_string())),
+                    mode: Some("invalid".to_string()),
                    years: None,
                }),
            }),
@@ -4070,7 +4351,7 @@ mod tests {

        let mut missing_retention = BucketMetadata::new("missing-object-lock-retention");
        missing_retention.object_lock_config = Some(ObjectLockConfiguration {
-            object_lock_enabled: Some(ObjectLockEnabled::from_static(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)),
+            object_lock_enabled: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
            rule: Some(ObjectLockRule { default_retention: None }),
        });
        assert!(object_lock_config_state_from_authoritative_metadata(&missing_retention).is_err());
@@ -4080,7 +4361,7 @@ mod tests {
    fn object_lock_ever_enabled_marker_survives_config_removal() {
        let mut metadata = BucketMetadata::new("lock-config-removed");
        let config = ObjectLockConfiguration {
-            object_lock_enabled: Some(ObjectLockEnabled::from_static(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)),
+            object_lock_enabled: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
            rule: None,
        };
        metadata
@@ -4098,10 +4379,7 @@ mod tests {
        else {
            panic!("an ever-enabled bucket must remain Object Lock configured");
        };
-        assert_eq!(
-            config.object_lock_enabled.as_ref().map(ObjectLockEnabled::as_str),
-            Some(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)
-        );
+        assert_eq!(config.object_lock_enabled.as_deref(), Some("Enabled"));
    }

    #[tokio::test]
@@ -4117,7 +4395,7 @@ mod tests {

        let node = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BucketMetadataSys::new(ecstore.clone())));
        let config = ObjectLockConfiguration {
-            object_lock_enabled: Some(ObjectLockEnabled::from_static(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)),
+            object_lock_enabled: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
            rule: None,
        };
        update_with_sys(
@@ -5231,7 +5509,7 @@ mod tests {
    #[tokio::test]
    async fn update_config_with_persists_tagging_rewrite_across_disk_reload() {
        use crate::bucket::metadata::BUCKET_TAGGING_CONFIG;
-        use s3s::dto::Tag;
+        use rustfs_gateway_types::cors_tagging::PersistedTag as Tag;

        let (dirs, ecstore) = isolated_store_over_temp_disks().await;

@@ -5395,7 +5673,7 @@ mod tests {
    #[tokio::test]
    async fn concurrent_update_config_with_calls_do_not_lose_writes() {
        use crate::bucket::metadata::BUCKET_TAGGING_CONFIG;
-        use s3s::dto::Tag;
+        use rustfs_gateway_types::cors_tagging::PersistedTag as Tag;

        let (dirs, ecstore) = isolated_store_over_temp_disks().await;
        let sys = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BucketMetadataSys::new(ecstore)));
@@ -5495,7 +5773,7 @@ mod tests {
        let mut persisted = BucketMetadata::new("reload-bucket");
        persisted.policy_config_json = b"persisted-marker".to_vec();
        let lock_config = ObjectLockConfiguration {
-            object_lock_enabled: Some(ObjectLockEnabled::from_static(ObjectLockEnabled::ENABLED)),
+            object_lock_enabled: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
            rule: None,
        };
        persisted
@@ -5829,7 +6107,7 @@ mod tests {
    #[serial]
    async fn bucket_delete_waits_for_config_mutation_fence() {
        use crate::bucket::metadata::BUCKET_TAGGING_CONFIG;
-        use s3s::dto::Tag;
+        use rustfs_gateway_types::cors_tagging::PersistedTag as Tag;

        let (_dirs, store) = isolated_store_over_temp_disks().await;
        init_bucket_metadata_sys(store.clone(), Vec::new()).await;
@@ -17,15 +17,8 @@ pub mod objectlock_sys;
 pub mod types;

 /// Whether a bucket Object Lock configuration has locking enabled. The
-/// serving-layer `ObjectLockConfiguration` DTO implements this in
-/// the bucket-metadata module, which owns the persisted configuration type
-/// during the s3s ratchet migration (rustfs/backlog#1842).
+/// persisted `ObjectLockConfiguration` implements this in the bucket-metadata
+/// module, which owns the persisted configuration type.
 pub trait ObjectLockApi {
    fn enabled(&self) -> bool;
 }
-
-/// Whether a legal-hold status value is one of the two valid wire values.
-/// Implemented for the serving-layer DTO in the bucket-metadata module.
-pub trait ObjectLockStatusExt {
-    fn valid(&self) -> bool;
-}
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

+pub use rustfs_replication::config_cache_serde;
 pub use rustfs_replication::{
    ObjectOpts, OperatorRuleContract, REMOTE_TARGET_CAPABILITY_CONTRACT_VERSION, REMOTE_TARGET_READ_ONLY_HISTORICAL_FIELDS,
    REMOTE_TARGET_UNSUPPORTED_FIELDS, REMOTE_TARGET_WRITABLE_FIELDS, REPLICATION_CAPABILITY_CONTRACT_VERSION,
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

-use s3s::dto::ReplicationConfiguration;
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedReplicationConfiguration;

 use super::replication_config_boundary::ReplicationConfigurationExt as _;
 use super::replication_filemeta_boundary::{
@@ -42,7 +42,7 @@ impl ReplicationLifecycleBridge {
        dead_code,
        reason = "declared boundary surface for the ECStore replication split plan; no caller in this port (backlog#1823)"
    )]
-    pub(crate) fn new_config(config: ReplicationConfiguration) -> ReplicationLifecycleConfig {
+    pub(crate) fn new_config(config: PersistedReplicationConfiguration) -> ReplicationLifecycleConfig {
        ReplicationConfig::new(Some(config), None)
    }

@@ -118,16 +118,17 @@ impl ReplicationLifecycleBridge {

 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use s3s::dto::{Destination, ReplicationRule, ReplicationRuleStatus};
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::dto::Status;
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{PersistedReplicationDestination, PersistedReplicationRule};

    use super::super::replication_filemeta_boundary::{ReplicateTargetDecision, VersionPurgeStatusType};
    use super::*;

-    fn replication_rule() -> ReplicationRule {
-        ReplicationRule {
+    fn replication_rule() -> PersistedReplicationRule {
+        PersistedReplicationRule {
            delete_marker_replication: None,
            delete_replication: None,
-            destination: Destination {
+            destination: PersistedReplicationDestination {
                bucket: "arn:aws:s3:::target-bucket".to_string(),
                ..Default::default()
            },
@@ -137,13 +138,13 @@ mod tests {
            prefix: Some(String::new()),
            priority: Some(1),
            source_selection_criteria: None,
-            status: ReplicationRuleStatus::from_static(ReplicationRuleStatus::ENABLED),
+            status: Status::ENABLED.to_string(),
        }
    }

    #[test]
    fn has_pending_version_purge_preserves_replication_active_rule_behavior() {
-        let config = ReplicationLifecycleBridge::new_config(ReplicationConfiguration {
+        let config = ReplicationLifecycleBridge::new_config(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
            role: String::new(),
            rules: vec![replication_rule()],
        });
@@ -17,8 +17,8 @@ use std::sync::Arc;
 use crate::bucket::{metadata::BucketMetadata, metadata_sys};
 use crate::disk::{BUCKET_META_PREFIX, RUSTFS_META_BUCKET};
 use crate::runtime::instance::InstanceContext;
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedReplicationConfiguration;
 use rustfs_utils::path::path_join_buf;
-use s3s::dto::ReplicationConfiguration;
 use time::OffsetDateTime;

 use super::replication_error_boundary::{Error, Result};
@@ -37,11 +37,11 @@ impl ReplicationMetadataStore {
    pub(crate) const FORCE_DELETE_REPLICATION_FILE: &'static str = "config/replication/force-delete.bin";
    pub(crate) const FORCE_DELETE_REPLICATION_TRANSACTION_LOCK: &'static str = "config/replication/force-delete.bin.transaction";

-    pub(crate) async fn replication_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<(ReplicationConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
+    pub(crate) async fn replication_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<(PersistedReplicationConfiguration, OffsetDateTime)> {
        metadata_sys::get_replication_config(bucket).await
    }

-    pub(crate) async fn optional_replication_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<Option<ReplicationConfiguration>> {
+    pub(crate) async fn optional_replication_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<Option<PersistedReplicationConfiguration>> {
        let config = match Self::replication_config(bucket).await {
            Ok((config, _)) => Some(config),
            Err(err) => {
@@ -16,7 +16,9 @@ use std::{collections::HashMap, fmt, sync::Arc};

 use super::replication_filemeta_boundary::metadata_keys;
 use crate::bucket::metadata::BucketMetadata;
-use s3s::dto::{BucketVersioningStatus, ReplicationConfiguration, ReplicationRuleStatus, VersioningConfiguration};
+use rustfs_gateway_types::dto::Status;
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedReplicationConfiguration;
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedVersioningConfiguration as VersioningConfiguration;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use time::OffsetDateTime;
 use tracing::error;
@@ -39,7 +41,7 @@ use super::replication_target_boundary::{BucketTargets, ReplicationTargetStore};
 use super::replication_versioning_boundary::ReplicationVersioningStore;
 use super::runtime_boundary as runtime_sources;

-pub(crate) async fn get_replication_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<Option<ReplicationConfiguration>> {
+pub(crate) async fn get_replication_config(bucket: &str) -> Result<Option<PersistedReplicationConfiguration>> {
    let config = ReplicationMetadataStore::optional_replication_config(bucket).await?;
    validate_delete_replication_config(&VersioningConfiguration::default(), config.as_ref())?;
    Ok(config)
@@ -64,7 +66,7 @@ impl DeleteReplicationConfigSnapshot {
    #[cfg(test)]
    pub(crate) fn from_configs_for_test(
        versioning: VersioningConfiguration,
-        replication: Option<ReplicationConfiguration>,
+        replication: Option<PersistedReplicationConfiguration>,
    ) -> Self {
        let metadata = replication.map(|config| {
            let mut metadata = BucketMetadata::new("test-bucket");
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ impl DeleteReplicationConfigSnapshot {
        &self.versioning
    }

-    pub fn replication_config(&self) -> Option<&ReplicationConfiguration> {
+    pub fn replication_config(&self) -> Option<&PersistedReplicationConfiguration> {
        self.metadata
            .as_ref()
            .and_then(|metadata| metadata.replication_config.as_ref())
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ impl DeleteReplicationConfigSnapshot {
    pub(crate) fn active_delete_marker_rules_require_tags(&self, object: &str) -> bool {
        self.replication_config().is_some_and(|config| {
            config.rules.iter().any(|rule| {
-                if rule.status == ReplicationRuleStatus::from_static(ReplicationRuleStatus::DISABLED) {
+                if rule.status == Status::DISABLED.as_str() {
                    return false;
                }
                if !object.starts_with(rule.prefix()) {
@@ -122,12 +124,12 @@ impl DeleteReplicationConfigSnapshot {

 fn validate_delete_replication_config(
    versioning: &VersioningConfiguration,
-    config: Option<&ReplicationConfiguration>,
+    config: Option<&PersistedReplicationConfiguration>,
 ) -> Result<()> {
    if versioning
        .status
        .as_ref()
-        .is_some_and(|status| !matches!(status.as_str(), BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED | BucketVersioningStatus::SUSPENDED))
+        .is_some_and(|status| !matches!(status.as_str(), "Enabled" | "Suspended"))
    {
        return Err(super::replication_error_boundary::Error::other(
            "bucket versioning configuration has an invalid status",
@@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ fn validate_delete_replication_config(
        let role = config.role.trim();
        let mut role_destination = None;
        for rule in &config.rules {
-            if rule.status.as_str() == ReplicationRuleStatus::ENABLED {
+            if rule.status.as_str() == Status::ENABLED.as_str() {
                let destination = rule.destination.bucket.trim();
                if role.is_empty() && destination.is_empty() {
                    return Err(super::replication_error_boundary::Error::other(
@@ -169,7 +171,7 @@ fn validate_delete_replication_config(
    Ok(())
 }

-fn replication_config_from_metadata(metadata: &BucketMetadata) -> Result<Option<&ReplicationConfiguration>> {
+fn replication_config_from_metadata(metadata: &BucketMetadata) -> Result<Option<&PersistedReplicationConfiguration>> {
    if !metadata.replication_config_xml.is_empty() && metadata.replication_config.is_none() {
        return Err(super::replication_error_boundary::Error::other(
            "persisted bucket replication configuration is invalid",
@@ -250,12 +252,15 @@ pub(crate) async fn load_delete_replication_config_in(

 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Default, Serialize, Deserialize)]
 pub struct ReplicationConfig {
-    pub config: Option<ReplicationConfiguration>,
+    /// Carried in the scanner's persisted data usage cache, so its serde form
+    /// is the one the s3s DTO wrote there (see `config_cache_serde` in the replication crate).
+    #[serde(with = "super::replication_config_boundary::config_cache_serde")]
+    pub config: Option<PersistedReplicationConfiguration>,
    pub remotes: Option<BucketTargets>,
 }

 impl ReplicationConfig {
-    pub fn new(config: Option<ReplicationConfiguration>, remotes: Option<BucketTargets>) -> Self {
+    pub fn new(config: Option<PersistedReplicationConfiguration>, remotes: Option<BucketTargets>) -> Self {
        Self { config, remotes }
    }

@@ -468,7 +473,7 @@ fn check_replicate_delete_with_config(
    oi: &ObjectInfo,
    del_opts: &ObjectOptions,
    source_error: bool,
-    config: Option<&ReplicationConfiguration>,
+    config: Option<&PersistedReplicationConfiguration>,
    existing_delete_marker: bool,
    trust_persisted_replica_status: bool,
 ) -> ReplicateDecision {
@@ -587,7 +592,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn must_replicate(bucket: &str, object: &str, mopts: MustReplic
 }

 fn metadata_target_should_replicate(
-    cfg: &ReplicationConfiguration,
+    cfg: &PersistedReplicationConfiguration,
    opts: &ObjectOpts,
    mopts: &MustReplicateOptions,
    arn: &str,
@@ -597,20 +602,21 @@ fn metadata_target_should_replicate(

 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use s3s::dto::{
-        DeleteMarkerReplication, DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus, DeleteReplication, DeleteReplicationStatus, Destination,
-        ReplicaModifications, ReplicationRule, ReplicationRuleFilter, ReplicationRuleStatus, SourceSelectionCriteria, Tag,
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::dto::Status;
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{
+        PersistedOptionalReplicationStatus, PersistedReplicationDestination, PersistedReplicationFilter,
+        PersistedReplicationRule, PersistedReplicationStatus, PersistedReplicationTag, PersistedSourceSelectionCriteria,
    };

    use super::super::replication_filemeta_boundary::VersionPurgeStatusType;
    use super::super::replication_target_boundary::BucketTarget;
    use super::*;

-    fn replication_rule() -> ReplicationRule {
-        ReplicationRule {
+    fn replication_rule() -> PersistedReplicationRule {
+        PersistedReplicationRule {
            delete_marker_replication: None,
            delete_replication: None,
-            destination: Destination {
+            destination: PersistedReplicationDestination {
                bucket: "arn:aws:s3:::target-bucket".to_string(),
                ..Default::default()
            },
@@ -620,7 +626,7 @@ mod tests {
            prefix: Some(String::new()),
            priority: Some(1),
            source_selection_criteria: None,
-            status: ReplicationRuleStatus::from_static(ReplicationRuleStatus::ENABLED),
+            status: Status::ENABLED.to_string(),
        }
    }

@@ -629,11 +635,11 @@ mod tests {
        let arn = "arn:rustfs:replication:us-east-1:target:bucket";
        let mut rule = replication_rule();
        rule.destination.bucket = arn.to_string();
-        rule.filter = Some(ReplicationRuleFilter {
+        rule.filter = Some(PersistedReplicationFilter {
            prefix: Some("admitted/".to_string()),
            ..Default::default()
        });
-        let cfg = ReplicationConfiguration {
+        let cfg = PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
            role: String::new(),
            rules: vec![rule],
        };
@@ -671,7 +677,7 @@ mod tests {
        assert!(!empty.replicate(&ObjectOpts::default()));

        let config = ReplicationConfig::new(
-            Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+            Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
                role: String::new(),
                rules: vec![replication_rule()],
            }),
@@ -725,7 +731,7 @@ mod tests {
    fn delete_snapshot_rejects_enabled_rules_without_a_destination() {
        let mut rule = replication_rule();
        rule.destination.bucket.clear();
-        let config = ReplicationConfiguration {
+        let config = PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
            role: String::new(),
            rules: vec![rule],
        };
@@ -741,7 +747,7 @@ mod tests {
        let first = replication_rule();
        let mut second = replication_rule();
        second.destination.bucket = "arn:aws:s3:::other-target".to_string();
-        let config = ReplicationConfiguration {
+        let config = PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
            role: "arn:aws:s3:::role-target".to_string(),
            rules: vec![first, second],
        };
@@ -752,47 +758,47 @@ mod tests {
    #[test]
    fn delete_snapshot_rejects_unknown_status_values() {
        let invalid_versioning = VersioningConfiguration {
-            status: Some("Enabld".to_string().into()),
+            status: Some("Enabld".to_string()),
            ..Default::default()
        };
        assert!(validate_delete_replication_config(&invalid_versioning, None).is_err());

        let mut invalid_rule = replication_rule();
-        invalid_rule.status = "Enabld".to_string().into();
-        let config = ReplicationConfiguration {
+        invalid_rule.status = "Enabld".to_string();
+        let config = PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
            role: String::new(),
            rules: vec![invalid_rule],
        };
        assert!(validate_delete_replication_config(&VersioningConfiguration::default(), Some(&config)).is_err());

        let mut invalid_delete = replication_rule();
-        invalid_delete.delete_replication = Some(DeleteReplication {
-            status: "Enabld".to_string().into(),
+        invalid_delete.delete_replication = Some(PersistedReplicationStatus {
+            status: "Enabld".to_string(),
        });
-        let config = ReplicationConfiguration {
+        let config = PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
            role: String::new(),
            rules: vec![invalid_delete],
        };
        assert!(validate_delete_replication_config(&VersioningConfiguration::default(), Some(&config)).is_err());

        let mut invalid_delete_marker = replication_rule();
-        invalid_delete_marker.delete_marker_replication = Some(DeleteMarkerReplication {
-            status: Some("Enabld".to_string().into()),
+        invalid_delete_marker.delete_marker_replication = Some(PersistedOptionalReplicationStatus {
+            status: Some("Enabld".to_string()),
        });
-        let config = ReplicationConfiguration {
+        let config = PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
            role: String::new(),
            rules: vec![invalid_delete_marker],
        };
        assert!(validate_delete_replication_config(&VersioningConfiguration::default(), Some(&config)).is_err());

        let mut invalid_replica_modifications = replication_rule();
-        invalid_replica_modifications.source_selection_criteria = Some(SourceSelectionCriteria {
-            replica_modifications: Some(ReplicaModifications {
-                status: "Enabld".to_string().into(),
+        invalid_replica_modifications.source_selection_criteria = Some(PersistedSourceSelectionCriteria {
+            replica_modifications: Some(PersistedReplicationStatus {
+                status: "Enabld".to_string(),
            }),
            sse_kms_encrypted_objects: None,
        });
-        let config = ReplicationConfiguration {
+        let config = PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
            role: String::new(),
            rules: vec![invalid_replica_modifications],
        };
@@ -804,11 +810,11 @@ mod tests {
        let mut metadata = BucketMetadata::new("bucket");
        metadata.versioning_config_xml = b"configured".to_vec();
        metadata.versioning_config = Some(VersioningConfiguration {
-            status: Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED)),
+            status: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
            ..Default::default()
        });
        metadata.replication_config_xml = b"configured".to_vec();
-        metadata.replication_config = Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+        metadata.replication_config = Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
            role: String::new(),
            rules: vec![replication_rule()],
        });
@@ -848,7 +854,7 @@ mod tests {
        );

        let mut inconsistent = BucketMetadata::new("bucket");
-        inconsistent.replication_config = Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+        inconsistent.replication_config = Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
            role: String::new(),
            rules: vec![replication_rule()],
        });
@@ -863,11 +869,11 @@ mod tests {
        let arn = "arn:rustfs:replication:us-east-1:target:bucket";
        let mut rule = replication_rule();
        rule.destination.bucket = arn.to_string();
-        rule.delete_marker_replication = Some(DeleteMarkerReplication {
-            status: Some(DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::ENABLED)),
+        rule.delete_marker_replication = Some(PersistedOptionalReplicationStatus {
+            status: Some(Status::ENABLED.to_string()),
        });
        let mut metadata = BucketMetadata::new("bucket");
-        metadata.replication_config = Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+        metadata.replication_config = Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
            role: String::new(),
            rules: vec![rule],
        });
@@ -898,27 +904,27 @@ mod tests {
    fn delete_marker_source_read_is_required_only_for_tag_filtered_rules() {
        let mut prefix_rule = replication_rule();
        prefix_rule.prefix = Some("logs/".to_string());
-        prefix_rule.delete_marker_replication = Some(DeleteMarkerReplication {
-            status: Some(DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::ENABLED)),
+        prefix_rule.delete_marker_replication = Some(PersistedOptionalReplicationStatus {
+            status: Some(Status::ENABLED.to_string()),
        });

        let prefix_snapshot = DeleteReplicationConfigSnapshot::from_configs_for_test(
            VersioningConfiguration {
-                status: Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED)),
+                status: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
                ..Default::default()
            },
-            Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+            Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
                role: String::new(),
                rules: vec![prefix_rule],
            }),
        );

        let mut tag_rule = replication_rule();
-        tag_rule.delete_marker_replication = Some(DeleteMarkerReplication {
-            status: Some(DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::ENABLED)),
+        tag_rule.delete_marker_replication = Some(PersistedOptionalReplicationStatus {
+            status: Some(Status::ENABLED.to_string()),
        });
-        tag_rule.filter = Some(ReplicationRuleFilter {
-            tag: Some(Tag {
+        tag_rule.filter = Some(PersistedReplicationFilter {
+            tag: Some(PersistedReplicationTag {
                key: Some("class".to_string()),
                value: Some("audit".to_string()),
            }),
@@ -926,10 +932,10 @@ mod tests {
        });
        let tag_snapshot = DeleteReplicationConfigSnapshot::from_configs_for_test(
            VersioningConfiguration {
-                status: Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED)),
+                status: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
                ..Default::default()
            },
-            Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+            Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
                role: String::new(),
                rules: vec![tag_rule],
            }),
@@ -944,14 +950,14 @@ mod tests {
        let arn = "arn:rustfs:replication:us-east-1:target:bucket";
        let mut rule = replication_rule();
        rule.destination.bucket = arn.to_string();
-        rule.delete_replication = Some(DeleteReplication {
-            status: DeleteReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteReplicationStatus::ENABLED),
+        rule.delete_replication = Some(PersistedReplicationStatus {
+            status: Status::ENABLED.to_string(),
        });
-        rule.delete_marker_replication = Some(DeleteMarkerReplication {
-            status: Some(DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::DISABLED)),
+        rule.delete_marker_replication = Some(PersistedOptionalReplicationStatus {
+            status: Some(Status::DISABLED.to_string()),
        });
        let config = ReplicationConfig::new(
-            Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+            Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
                role: String::new(),
                rules: vec![rule],
            }),
@@ -985,22 +991,22 @@ mod tests {
    #[test]
    fn live_delete_does_not_trust_persisted_replica_status() {
        let mut rule = replication_rule();
-        rule.delete_replication = Some(DeleteReplication {
-            status: DeleteReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteReplicationStatus::ENABLED),
+        rule.delete_replication = Some(PersistedReplicationStatus {
+            status: Status::ENABLED.to_string(),
        });
-        rule.source_selection_criteria = Some(SourceSelectionCriteria {
-            replica_modifications: Some(ReplicaModifications {
-                status: s3s::dto::ReplicaModificationsStatus::from_static(s3s::dto::ReplicaModificationsStatus::DISABLED),
+        rule.source_selection_criteria = Some(PersistedSourceSelectionCriteria {
+            replica_modifications: Some(PersistedReplicationStatus {
+                status: Status::DISABLED.to_string(),
            }),
            sse_kms_encrypted_objects: None,
        });
-        let replication = ReplicationConfiguration {
+        let replication = PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
            role: String::new(),
            rules: vec![rule],
        };
        let snapshot = DeleteReplicationConfigSnapshot::from_configs_for_test(
            VersioningConfiguration {
-                status: Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED)),
+                status: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
                ..Default::default()
            },
            Some(replication.clone()),
@@ -1036,14 +1042,14 @@ mod tests {
        let arn = "arn:rustfs:replication:us-east-1:target:bucket";
        let mut rule = replication_rule();
        rule.destination.bucket = arn.to_string();
-        rule.delete_replication = Some(DeleteReplication {
-            status: DeleteReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteReplicationStatus::ENABLED),
+        rule.delete_replication = Some(PersistedReplicationStatus {
+            status: Status::ENABLED.to_string(),
        });
-        rule.delete_marker_replication = Some(DeleteMarkerReplication {
-            status: Some(DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteMarkerReplicationStatus::DISABLED)),
+        rule.delete_marker_replication = Some(PersistedOptionalReplicationStatus {
+            status: Some(Status::DISABLED.to_string()),
        });
        let config = ReplicationConfig::new(
-            Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+            Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
                role: String::new(),
                rules: vec![rule],
            }),
@@ -5074,9 +5074,10 @@ mod tests {
    #[tokio::test]
    async fn heal_queue_marks_missing_versioning_state_as_missed() {
        use super::super::replication_target_boundary::BucketTargets;
-        use s3s::dto::{
-            DeleteReplication, DeleteReplicationStatus, Destination, ReplicationConfiguration, ReplicationRule,
-            ReplicationRuleStatus,
+        use rustfs_gateway_types::dto::Status;
+        use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{
+            PersistedReplicationConfiguration, PersistedReplicationDestination, PersistedReplicationRule,
+            PersistedReplicationStatus,
        };

        let arn = "arn:rustfs:replication:us-east-1:target:bucket";
@@ -5091,14 +5092,14 @@ mod tests {
                ..Default::default()
            },
            ReplicationConfig::new(
-                Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+                Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
                    role: String::new(),
-                    rules: vec![ReplicationRule {
+                    rules: vec![PersistedReplicationRule {
                        delete_marker_replication: None,
-                        delete_replication: Some(DeleteReplication {
-                            status: DeleteReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteReplicationStatus::ENABLED),
+                        delete_replication: Some(PersistedReplicationStatus {
+                            status: Status::ENABLED.to_string(),
                        }),
-                        destination: Destination {
+                        destination: PersistedReplicationDestination {
                            bucket: arn.to_string(),
                            ..Default::default()
                        },
@@ -5108,7 +5109,7 @@ mod tests {
                        prefix: Some(String::new()),
                        priority: Some(1),
                        source_selection_criteria: None,
-                        status: ReplicationRuleStatus::from_static(ReplicationRuleStatus::ENABLED),
+                        status: Status::ENABLED.to_string(),
                    }],
                }),
                Some(BucketTargets::default()),
@@ -85,6 +85,8 @@ use http_body_util::StreamBody;
 use metrics::counter;
 #[cfg(test)]
 use rmp_serde;
+#[cfg(test)]
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedReplicationConfiguration;
 use rustfs_s3_types::EventName;
 use rustfs_utils::http::{
    AMZ_OBJECT_LOCK_LEGAL_HOLD, AMZ_OBJECT_LOCK_MODE, AMZ_OBJECT_LOCK_RETAIN_UNTIL_DATE, AMZ_TAGGING_DIRECTIVE,
@@ -92,8 +94,6 @@ use rustfs_utils::http::{
    insert_str, replication_target_versions,
 };
 use rustfs_utils::{DEFAULT_SIP_HASH_KEY, get_env_usize, sip_hash};
-#[cfg(test)]
-use s3s::dto::ReplicationConfiguration;
 use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
 use std::fmt::Display;
 use std::pin::Pin;
@@ -6579,9 +6579,10 @@ mod tests {

    use super::super::replication_target_boundary::{BucketTarget, BucketTargets};
    use super::*;
-    use s3s::dto::{
-        BucketVersioningStatus, DeleteReplication, DeleteReplicationStatus, Destination, ExcludedPrefix, ReplicationRule,
-        ReplicationRuleStatus, VersioningConfiguration,
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::dto::Status;
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedVersioningConfiguration as VersioningConfiguration;
+    use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{
+        PersistedReplicationDestination, PersistedReplicationRule, PersistedReplicationStatus,
    };
    use std::collections::HashMap;
    use time::OffsetDateTime;
@@ -8693,7 +8694,7 @@ mod tests {
            ..Default::default()
        };
        let rcfg = ReplicationConfig::new(
-            Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+            Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
                role: role.to_string(),
                rules: vec![],
            }),
@@ -8719,7 +8720,7 @@ mod tests {
        ReplicationVersioningStore::install_prefix_state_test_config(
            &bucket,
            VersioningConfiguration {
-                status: Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED)),
+                status: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
                ..Default::default()
            },
        );
@@ -8752,22 +8753,20 @@ mod tests {
        ReplicationVersioningStore::install_prefix_state_test_config(
            &bucket,
            VersioningConfiguration {
-                status: Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED)),
-                excluded_prefixes: Some(vec![ExcludedPrefix {
-                    prefix: Some("archive/".to_string()),
-                }]),
+                status: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
+                excluded_prefixes: Some(vec![Some("archive/".to_string())]),
                ..Default::default()
            },
        );
        let rcfg = ReplicationConfig::new(
-            Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+            Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
                role: String::new(),
-                rules: vec![ReplicationRule {
+                rules: vec![PersistedReplicationRule {
                    delete_marker_replication: None,
-                    delete_replication: Some(DeleteReplication {
-                        status: DeleteReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteReplicationStatus::ENABLED),
+                    delete_replication: Some(PersistedReplicationStatus {
+                        status: Status::ENABLED.to_string(),
                    }),
-                    destination: Destination {
+                    destination: PersistedReplicationDestination {
                        bucket: arn.to_string(),
                        ..Default::default()
                    },
@@ -8777,7 +8776,7 @@ mod tests {
                    prefix: Some(String::new()),
                    priority: Some(1),
                    source_selection_criteria: None,
-                    status: ReplicationRuleStatus::from_static(ReplicationRuleStatus::ENABLED),
+                    status: Status::ENABLED.to_string(),
                }],
            }),
            Some(BucketTargets {
@@ -8813,14 +8812,14 @@ mod tests {
        let admitted_arn = "arn:rustfs:replication:us-east-1:target:admitted";
        let current_role = "arn:rustfs:replication:us-east-1:target:current";
        let rcfg = ReplicationConfig::new(
-            Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+            Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
                role: current_role.to_string(),
-                rules: vec![ReplicationRule {
+                rules: vec![PersistedReplicationRule {
                    delete_marker_replication: None,
-                    delete_replication: Some(DeleteReplication {
-                        status: DeleteReplicationStatus::from_static(DeleteReplicationStatus::DISABLED),
+                    delete_replication: Some(PersistedReplicationStatus {
+                        status: Status::DISABLED.to_string(),
                    }),
-                    destination: Destination {
+                    destination: PersistedReplicationDestination {
                        bucket: current_role.to_string(),
                        ..Default::default()
                    },
@@ -8830,7 +8829,7 @@ mod tests {
                    prefix: Some(String::new()),
                    priority: Some(1),
                    source_selection_criteria: None,
-                    status: ReplicationRuleStatus::from_static(ReplicationRuleStatus::ENABLED),
+                    status: Status::ENABLED.to_string(),
                }],
            }),
            Some(BucketTargets {
@@ -8878,12 +8877,12 @@ mod tests {
    #[tokio::test]
    async fn heal_rejects_semantically_invalid_replication_config() {
        let rcfg = ReplicationConfig::new(
-            Some(ReplicationConfiguration {
+            Some(PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
                role: String::new(),
-                rules: vec![ReplicationRule {
+                rules: vec![PersistedReplicationRule {
                    delete_marker_replication: None,
                    delete_replication: None,
-                    destination: Destination {
+                    destination: PersistedReplicationDestination {
                        bucket: "arn:rustfs:replication:us-east-1:target:bucket".to_string(),
                        ..Default::default()
                    },
@@ -8893,7 +8892,7 @@ mod tests {
                    prefix: Some(String::new()),
                    priority: Some(1),
                    source_selection_criteria: None,
-                    status: ReplicationRuleStatus::from_static("Enabld"),
+                    status: "Enabld".to_owned(),
                }],
            }),
            Some(BucketTargets::default()),
@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

-use s3s::dto::ReplicationConfiguration;
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedReplicationConfiguration;

 use super::replication_config_boundary::{ObjectOpts, ReplicationConfigurationExt};
 use super::replication_filemeta_boundary::ReplicationType;
@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use super::replication_filemeta_boundary::ReplicationType;
 pub(crate) struct ReplicationTargetConfigBridge;

 impl ReplicationTargetConfigBridge {
-    pub(crate) fn target_is_used_by_rules(config: &ReplicationConfiguration, arn: &str) -> bool {
+    pub(crate) fn target_is_used_by_rules(config: &PersistedReplicationConfiguration, arn: &str) -> bool {
        config
            .filter_target_arns(&ObjectOpts {
                op_type: ReplicationType::All,
@@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ mod tests {

    #[test]
    fn target_config_bridge_matches_role_target() {
-        let config = ReplicationConfiguration {
+        let config = PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
            role: " arn:target ".to_string(),
            rules: Vec::new(),
        };
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@
 use super::replication_error_boundary::Result;
 use crate::bucket::{versioning::VersioningApi as _, versioning_sys::BucketVersioningSys};
 #[cfg(test)]
-use s3s::dto::VersioningConfiguration;
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedVersioningConfiguration as VersioningConfiguration;
 #[cfg(test)]
 use std::{collections::HashMap, sync::LazyLock, sync::Mutex};

@@ -12,7 +12,7 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

-use s3s::dto::Tag;
+use rustfs_gateway_types::cors_tagging::PersistedTag as Tag;
 use std::cmp::Ordering;
 use std::collections::HashMap;
 use url::form_urlencoded;
@@ -15,9 +15,23 @@
 use crate::disk::{MIGRATING_META_BUCKET, RUSTFS_META_BUCKET};
 use crate::error::{Error, Result, StorageError};
 use regex::Regex;
+use rustfs_gateway_types::cors_tagging::{
+    CorsTaggingCodecError, PersistedCorsConfiguration, PersistedTagging, parse_cors, parse_tagging, serialize_cors,
+    serialize_tagging,
+};
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::{
+    PersistedAccelerateConfiguration, PersistedBucketEncryptionConfiguration, PersistedBucketLoggingStatus,
+    PersistedLifecycleConfiguration, PersistedNotificationConfiguration, PersistedObjectLockConfiguration,
+    PersistedPublicAccessBlockConfiguration, PersistedReplicationConfiguration, PersistedRequestPaymentConfiguration,
+    PersistedVersioningConfiguration, PersistedWebsiteConfiguration, PersistenceCodecError, parse_accelerate,
+    parse_bucket_encryption, parse_bucket_logging, parse_lifecycle_legacy_dates, parse_notification, parse_object_lock,
+    parse_public_access_block, parse_replication, parse_request_payment, parse_versioning, parse_website, serialize_accelerate,
+    serialize_bucket_encryption, serialize_bucket_logging, serialize_lifecycle_legacy_dates, serialize_notification,
+    serialize_object_lock, serialize_public_access_block, serialize_replication, serialize_request_payment, serialize_versioning,
+    serialize_website,
+};
 use rustfs_utils::WindowsFileNameError;
 use rustfs_utils::path::SLASH_SEPARATOR;
-use s3s::xml;
 use tracing::instrument;

 pub fn is_meta_bucketname(name: &str) -> bool {
@@ -74,37 +88,173 @@ pub fn check_valid_bucket_name_strict(bucket_name: &str) -> Result<()> {
    check_bucket_name_common(bucket_name, true)
 }

-// RUSTFS_COMPAT_TODO(s3gate-metadata-xml): the s3s codec reads persisted XML during migration. Remove after every supported writer uses the gateway codec and every retained metadata object and backup archive is verified or rewritten.
-pub fn deserialize<T>(input: &[u8]) -> xml::DeResult<T>
-where
-    T: for<'xml> xml::Deserialize<'xml>,
-{
-    let mut d = xml::Deserializer::new(input);
-    let ans = T::deserialize(&mut d)?;
-    d.expect_eof()?;
-    Ok(ans)
+/// A bucket configuration persisted as XML in the bucket metadata, together
+/// with the codec that reads and writes its stored bytes.
+///
+/// Every family reads and writes its stored bytes through the gateway
+/// persistence codecs (`rustfs_gateway_types::persistence` and
+/// `rustfs_gateway_types::cors_tagging`, rustfs/backlog#2745). The codecs keep
+/// the persisted bytes the `bucket_config_goldens` pin, so a document the old
+/// s3s codec wrote reads back and re-encodes unchanged.
+pub trait BucketConfigXml: Sized {
+    /// Decodes the stored bytes of one configuration document.
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError>;
+
+    /// Encodes the value as RustFS stores it.
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError>;
 }

-#[allow(
-    dead_code,
-    reason = "xml serialize helper with no caller in this port; the live sibling is deserialize (backlog#1823)"
-)]
-pub fn serialize_content<T: xml::SerializeContent>(val: &T) -> xml::SerResult<String> {
-    let mut buf = Vec::with_capacity(256);
-    {
-        let mut ser = xml::Serializer::new(&mut buf);
-        val.serialize_content(&mut ser)?;
-    }
-    Ok(String::from_utf8(buf).unwrap())
+/// Why a persisted bucket configuration could not be decoded or encoded.
+#[derive(Debug, thiserror::Error)]
+pub enum BucketConfigXmlError {
+    /// A gateway persistence codec refused the bytes or the value.
+    #[error(transparent)]
+    Persisted(#[from] PersistenceCodecError),
+    /// The gateway CORS or Tagging codec refused the bytes or the value.
+    #[error(transparent)]
+    CorsTagging(#[from] CorsTaggingCodecError),
 }

-pub fn serialize<T: xml::Serialize>(val: &T) -> xml::SerResult<Vec<u8>> {
-    let mut buf = Vec::with_capacity(256);
-    {
-        let mut ser = xml::Serializer::new(&mut buf);
-        val.serialize(&mut ser)?;
+/// Decodes one persisted bucket configuration document.
+pub fn deserialize<T: BucketConfigXml>(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<T, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+    T::decode_config_xml(input)
+}
+
+/// Encodes one bucket configuration as RustFS persists it.
+pub fn serialize<T: BucketConfigXml>(val: &T) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+    val.encode_config_xml()
+}
+
+impl BucketConfigXml for PersistedReplicationConfiguration {
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(parse_replication(input)?)
+    }
+
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(serialize_replication(self)?)
+    }
+}
+
+impl BucketConfigXml for PersistedLifecycleConfiguration {
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(parse_lifecycle_legacy_dates(input)?)
+    }
+
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(serialize_lifecycle_legacy_dates(self)?)
+    }
+}
+
+// The gateway writers of these families are infallible: a value that exists is
+// always encodable, so only the readers can refuse bytes.
+impl BucketConfigXml for PersistedAccelerateConfiguration {
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(parse_accelerate(input)?)
+    }
+
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(serialize_accelerate(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl BucketConfigXml for PersistedBucketLoggingStatus {
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(parse_bucket_logging(input)?)
+    }
+
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(serialize_bucket_logging(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl BucketConfigXml for PersistedCorsConfiguration {
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(parse_cors(input)?)
+    }
+
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(serialize_cors(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl BucketConfigXml for PersistedNotificationConfiguration {
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(parse_notification(input)?)
+    }
+
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(serialize_notification(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl BucketConfigXml for PersistedObjectLockConfiguration {
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(parse_object_lock(input)?)
+    }
+
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(serialize_object_lock(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl BucketConfigXml for PersistedPublicAccessBlockConfiguration {
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(parse_public_access_block(input)?)
+    }
+
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(serialize_public_access_block(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl BucketConfigXml for PersistedRequestPaymentConfiguration {
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(parse_request_payment(input)?)
+    }
+
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(serialize_request_payment(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl BucketConfigXml for PersistedBucketEncryptionConfiguration {
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(parse_bucket_encryption(input)?)
+    }
+
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(serialize_bucket_encryption(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl BucketConfigXml for PersistedTagging {
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(parse_tagging(input)?)
+    }
+
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(serialize_tagging(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl BucketConfigXml for PersistedVersioningConfiguration {
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(parse_versioning(input)?)
+    }
+
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(serialize_versioning(self))
+    }
+}
+
+impl BucketConfigXml for PersistedWebsiteConfiguration {
+    fn decode_config_xml(input: &[u8]) -> std::result::Result<Self, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(parse_website(input)?)
+    }
+
+    fn encode_config_xml(&self) -> std::result::Result<Vec<u8>, BucketConfigXmlError> {
+        Ok(serialize_website(self))
    }
-    Ok(buf)
 }

 pub fn has_bad_path_component(path: &str) -> bool {
@@ -446,6 +596,40 @@ mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use proptest::prelude::*;

+    /// Every bucket-configuration family reads and writes through its own
+    /// gateway codec (rustfs/backlog#2745): the family's golden document
+    /// decodes and re-encodes to the same bytes, and a document of another
+    /// family is refused instead of decoding into an empty configuration.
+    #[test]
+    fn every_bucket_config_family_uses_its_own_gateway_codec() {
+        fn assert_family<T: BucketConfigXml>(family: &str, own: &[u8], foreign: &[u8]) {
+            let value = deserialize::<T>(own).unwrap_or_else(|err| panic!("{family}: own document must decode: {err}"));
+            let encoded = serialize(&value).unwrap_or_else(|err| panic!("{family}: value must encode: {err}"));
+            assert_eq!(encoded, own, "{family}: re-encoding must keep the persisted bytes");
+            assert!(deserialize::<T>(foreign).is_err(), "{family}: a foreign root element must be refused");
+        }
+
+        macro_rules! golden {
+            ($family:literal) => {
+                include_bytes!(concat!("../../tests/fixtures/bucket-config-goldens/", $family, "/minio.out.xml"))
+            };
+        }
+        let tagging = golden!("tagging");
+        let versioning = golden!("versioning");
+
+        assert_family::<PersistedAccelerateConfiguration>("accelerate", golden!("accelerate"), tagging);
+        assert_family::<PersistedBucketLoggingStatus>("logging", golden!("logging"), tagging);
+        assert_family::<PersistedCorsConfiguration>("cors", golden!("cors"), tagging);
+        assert_family::<PersistedNotificationConfiguration>("notification", golden!("notification"), tagging);
+        assert_family::<PersistedObjectLockConfiguration>("object_lock", golden!("object_lock"), tagging);
+        assert_family::<PersistedPublicAccessBlockConfiguration>("public_access_block", golden!("public_access_block"), tagging);
+        assert_family::<PersistedRequestPaymentConfiguration>("request_payment", golden!("request_payment"), tagging);
+        assert_family::<PersistedBucketEncryptionConfiguration>("encryption", golden!("encryption"), tagging);
+        assert_family::<PersistedTagging>("tagging", tagging, versioning);
+        assert_family::<PersistedVersioningConfiguration>("versioning", versioning, tagging);
+        assert_family::<PersistedWebsiteConfiguration>("website", golden!("website"), tagging);
+    }
+
    /// rustfs#5785: keys whose path segments exceed the on-disk NAME_MAX
    /// budget must be rejected up front as ObjectNameInvalid (4xx), not leak
    /// ENAMETOOLONG as InternalError 500 from the disk layer.
@@ -12,8 +12,8 @@
 // See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
 // limitations under the License.

+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedVersioningConfiguration as VersioningConfiguration;
 use rustfs_utils::string::match_simple;
-use s3s::dto::{BucketVersioningStatus, VersioningConfiguration};

 pub trait VersioningApi {
    fn enabled(&self) -> bool;
@@ -28,10 +28,10 @@ pub trait VersioningApi {

 impl VersioningApi for VersioningConfiguration {
    fn enabled(&self) -> bool {
-        self.status == Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED))
+        self.status.as_deref() == Some("Enabled")
    }
    fn prefix_enabled(&self, prefix: &str) -> bool {
-        if self.status != Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED)) {
+        if self.status.as_deref() != Some("Enabled") {
            return false;
        }

@@ -44,12 +44,10 @@ impl VersioningApi for VersioningConfiguration {
        }

        if let Some(ref excluded_prefixes) = self.excluded_prefixes {
-            for p in excluded_prefixes.iter() {
-                if let Some(ref sprefix) = p.prefix {
-                    let pattern = format!("{sprefix}*");
-                    if match_simple(&pattern, prefix) {
-                        return false;
-                    }
+            for sprefix in excluded_prefixes.iter().flatten() {
+                let pattern = format!("{sprefix}*");
+                if match_simple(&pattern, prefix) {
+                    return false;
                }
            }
        }
@@ -58,11 +56,11 @@ impl VersioningApi for VersioningConfiguration {
    }

    fn prefix_suspended(&self, prefix: &str) -> bool {
-        if self.status == Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::SUSPENDED)) {
+        if self.status.as_deref() == Some("Suspended") {
            return true;
        }

-        if self.status == Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED)) {
+        if self.status.as_deref() == Some("Enabled") {
            if prefix.is_empty() {
                return false;
            }
@@ -75,12 +73,10 @@ impl VersioningApi for VersioningConfiguration {
            }

            if let Some(ref excluded_prefixes) = self.excluded_prefixes {
-                for p in excluded_prefixes.iter() {
-                    if let Some(ref sprefix) = p.prefix {
-                        let pattern = format!("{sprefix}*");
-                        if match_simple(&pattern, prefix) {
-                            return true;
-                        }
+                for sprefix in excluded_prefixes.iter().flatten() {
+                    let pattern = format!("{sprefix}*");
+                    if match_simple(&pattern, prefix) {
+                        return true;
                    }
                }
            }
@@ -92,14 +88,12 @@ impl VersioningApi for VersioningConfiguration {
        self.prefix_enabled(prefix) || self.prefix_suspended(prefix)
    }
    fn suspended(&self) -> bool {
-        self.status == Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::SUSPENDED))
+        self.status.as_deref() == Some("Suspended")
    }
 }

 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use s3s::dto::{BucketVersioningStatus, ExcludedPrefix};
-
    use super::*;

    struct LegacyVersioning;
@@ -134,10 +128,8 @@ mod tests {
    #[test]
    fn delete_state_treats_excluded_prefixes_as_unversioned() {
        let config = VersioningConfiguration {
-            status: Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED)),
-            excluded_prefixes: Some(vec![ExcludedPrefix {
-                prefix: Some("archive/".to_string()),
-            }]),
+            status: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
+            excluded_prefixes: Some(vec![Some("archive/".to_string())]),
            ..Default::default()
        };

@@ -146,7 +138,7 @@ mod tests {
        assert_eq!(config.delete_state("live/object"), (true, false));

        let suspended = VersioningConfiguration {
-            status: Some(BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(BucketVersioningStatus::SUSPENDED)),
+            status: Some("Suspended".to_owned()),
            ..Default::default()
        };
        assert_eq!(suspended.delete_state("archive/object"), (false, true));
@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ use super::metadata::unreadable_config_refusal;
 use super::{metadata_sys::get_bucket_metadata_sys, versioning::VersioningApi};
 use crate::disk::RUSTFS_META_BUCKET;
 use crate::error::Result;
-use s3s::dto::VersioningConfiguration;
+use rustfs_gateway_types::persistence::PersistedVersioningConfiguration as VersioningConfiguration;
 use tracing::{error, warn};

 pub struct BucketVersioningSys {}
@@ -163,7 +163,7 @@ mod tests {

    fn enabled() -> VersioningConfiguration {
        VersioningConfiguration {
-            status: Some(s3s::dto::BucketVersioningStatus::from_static(s3s::dto::BucketVersioningStatus::ENABLED)),
+            status: Some("Enabled".to_owned()),
            ..Default::default()
        }
    }
@@ -229,6 +229,7 @@ pub struct ListPathRawOptions {
    pub hidden_entry_budget: usize,
    pub pending_prefix: Option<String>,
    pub filter_prefix: Option<String>,
+    pub identifier_tree_leaf: Option<String>,
    pub forward_to: Option<String>,
    pub min_disks: usize,
    /// Deliver every replica to the partial callback, including matching headers.
@@ -268,6 +269,7 @@ impl Clone for ListPathRawOptions {
            hidden_entry_budget: self.hidden_entry_budget,
            pending_prefix: self.pending_prefix.clone(),
            filter_prefix: self.filter_prefix.clone(),
+            identifier_tree_leaf: self.identifier_tree_leaf.clone(),
            forward_to: self.forward_to.clone(),
            min_disks: self.min_disks,
            preserve_replica_metadata: self.preserve_replica_metadata,
@@ -300,6 +302,7 @@ fn walk_dir_options(opts: &ListPathRawOptions) -> WalkDirOptions {
        pending_prefix: opts.pending_prefix.clone(),
        report_notfound: opts.report_not_found,
        filter_prefix: opts.filter_prefix.clone(),
+        identifier_tree_leaf: opts.identifier_tree_leaf.clone(),
        forward_to: opts.forward_to.clone(),
        limit: opts.per_disk_limit,
        skip_total_timeout: opts.skip_walkdir_total_timeout,
@@ -1233,6 +1236,21 @@ mod tests {
        assert!(!options.skip_total_timeout);
    }

+    #[test]
+    fn identifier_tree_selection_survives_job_clone_and_disk_request() {
+        let request = ListPathRawOptions {
+            path: "catalog/namespaces/".to_string(),
+            identifier_tree_leaf: Some("table-entry.json".to_string()),
+            recursive: true,
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        let cloned = request.clone();
+        let walk = walk_dir_options(&cloned);
+        assert_eq!(walk.identifier_tree_leaf, request.identifier_tree_leaf);
+        assert_eq!(walk.base_dir, request.path);
+        assert!(walk.recursive);
+    }
+
    #[test]
    fn cloned_reader_options_preserve_hidden_scan_budget_and_pending_prefix() {
        let request = ListPathRawOptions {
@@ -35,17 +35,17 @@ pub use client::{
 // Re-exported through `api::rpc`; not every item is consumed inside this crate.
 #[allow(unused_imports)]
 pub use http_auth::{
-    RPC_BACKGROUND_ADMISSION_HEADER, TONIC_RPC_PREFIX, build_auth_headers, build_put_file_auth_trailer,
-    check_and_record_signed_rpc_nonce, gen_signature_headers, gen_tonic_replay_scope_headers, gen_tonic_signature_headers,
-    normalize_tonic_rpc_audience, rpc_background_admission, set_tonic_canonical_body_digest, set_tonic_mutation_body_digest,
-    set_tonic_rolling_canonical_body_digest, set_tonic_rolling_mutation_body_digest, sign_ns_scanner_capability,
-    sign_ns_scanner_capability_with_checkpoint_coverage, sign_ns_scanner_capability_with_tier_registry_generation,
-    sign_put_file_capability, sign_tonic_rpc_response_proof, tonic_boot_epoch_challenge, tonic_boot_epoch_response_headers,
-    tonic_rpc_auth_failure_reason, verify_ns_scanner_capability, verify_ns_scanner_capability_with_checkpoint_coverage,
-    verify_ns_scanner_capability_with_tier_registry_generation, verify_put_file_auth_trailer, verify_put_file_capability,
-    verify_rpc_signature, verify_tonic_boot_epoch_response, verify_tonic_canonical_body_digest,
-    verify_tonic_mutation_body_digest, verify_tonic_mutation_body_digest_reject_unsigned, verify_tonic_rpc_response_proof,
-    verify_tonic_rpc_signature, verify_tonic_rpc_signature_with_bootstrap,
+    RPC_BACKGROUND_ADMISSION_HEADER, RpcReplayCacheAdmissionError, TONIC_RPC_PREFIX, build_auth_headers,
+    build_put_file_auth_trailer, check_and_record_signed_rpc_nonce, gen_signature_headers, gen_tonic_replay_scope_headers,
+    gen_tonic_signature_headers, normalize_tonic_rpc_audience, rpc_auth_is_resource_exhausted, rpc_background_admission,
+    set_tonic_canonical_body_digest, set_tonic_mutation_body_digest, set_tonic_rolling_canonical_body_digest,
+    set_tonic_rolling_mutation_body_digest, sign_ns_scanner_capability, sign_ns_scanner_capability_with_checkpoint_coverage,
+    sign_ns_scanner_capability_with_tier_registry_generation, sign_put_file_capability, sign_tonic_rpc_response_proof,
+    tonic_boot_epoch_challenge, tonic_boot_epoch_response_headers, tonic_rpc_auth_failure_reason, verify_ns_scanner_capability,
+    verify_ns_scanner_capability_with_checkpoint_coverage, verify_ns_scanner_capability_with_tier_registry_generation,
+    verify_put_file_auth_trailer, verify_put_file_capability, verify_rpc_signature, verify_tonic_boot_epoch_response,
+    verify_tonic_canonical_body_digest, verify_tonic_mutation_body_digest, verify_tonic_mutation_body_digest_reject_unsigned,
+    verify_tonic_rpc_response_proof, verify_tonic_rpc_signature, verify_tonic_rpc_signature_with_bootstrap,
 };
 #[cfg(test)]
 pub(crate) use internode_data_transport::TcpHttpInternodeDataTransport;
@@ -1965,6 +1965,15 @@ impl PeerRestClient {
        Ok((self.topology_member.clone(), epoch))
    }

+    pub async fn probe_restore_copyback_capability(&self, topology_fingerprint: String) -> Result<(String, Uuid)> {
+        let probe = rustfs_protos::restore_copyback_capability_probe(Uuid::new_v4().as_bytes());
+        let result = self
+            .heal_control(rustfs_protos::HEAL_CONTROL_PROTOCOL_VERSION, topology_fingerprint, probe)
+            .await?;
+        let epoch = decode_remote_version_state_capability(&self.topology_member, &result)?;
+        Ok((self.topology_member.clone(), epoch))
+    }
+
    pub async fn probe_cross_pool_fence(&self, topology_fingerprint: String) -> Result<(String, u32, Uuid)> {
        let mut probe = rustfs_protos::CROSS_POOL_FENCE_CAPABILITY_PROBE_PREFIX.to_vec();
        probe.extend_from_slice(Uuid::new_v4().as_bytes());
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ use crate::cluster::rpc::client::{
    node_service_time_out_client,
 };
 use crate::cluster::rpc::set_tonic_mutation_body_digest;
-use crate::core::pools::{PoolMeta, PoolMetaWriteState};
+use crate::core::pools::{PoolMeta, PoolMetaSaveGate, PoolMetaSaveGateWriteGuard};
 use crate::disk::error::DiskError;
 use crate::disk::error::{Error, Result};
 use crate::disk::error_reduce::{BUCKET_OP_IGNORED_ERRS, is_all_buckets_not_found, reduce_write_quorum_errs};
@@ -798,12 +798,12 @@ fn try_acquire_bucket_heal_movement_guard<'a>(
 }

 async fn acquire_bucket_heal_write_guard<'a>(
-    gate: Option<&'a tokio::sync::Mutex<PoolMetaWriteState>>,
-) -> Result<Option<tokio::sync::MutexGuard<'a, PoolMetaWriteState>>> {
+    gate: Option<&'a PoolMetaSaveGate>,
+) -> Result<Option<PoolMetaSaveGateWriteGuard<'a>>> {
    let Some(gate) = gate else {
        return Ok(None);
    };
-    let guard = gate.lock().await;
+    let guard = gate.write().await;
    guard
        .ensure_write_safe("bucket heal cannot run while pool metadata requires recovery")
        .map_err(|e| e.narrow_to_disk().unwrap_or_else(Error::other))?;
@@ -2388,8 +2388,8 @@ mod tests {

    #[tokio::test]
    async fn local_bucket_heal_refuses_receiver_with_unsafe_pool_metadata() {
-        let gate = tokio::sync::Mutex::new(PoolMetaWriteState::default());
-        gate.lock().await.observe_replicas(PoolMetaReplicaState {
+        let gate = PoolMetaSaveGate::default();
+        gate.write().await.observe_replicas(PoolMetaReplicaState {
            needs_repair: true,
            repair_write_safe: false,
        });
@@ -628,7 +628,7 @@ async fn pool_meta_native_physical_runtime_fork_after_apply_latches_original_gat
    let fork = identity_epoch_fork(&fixture).await;
    let since = OffsetDateTime::from_unix_timestamp(1_700_000_000).expect("fixed original failure timestamp should be valid");
    {
-        let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.lock().await;
+        let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.write().await;
        assert_eq!(state.active_transactions.load(Ordering::SeqCst), 0);
        state.write_blocked = false;
        state.block_context = None;
@@ -685,7 +685,7 @@ async fn pool_meta_native_physical_runtime_fork_after_apply_latches_original_gat
    );
    assert_committed(&fixture).await;
    {
-        let state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.lock().await;
+        let state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.write().await;
        assert!(
            state.write_blocked,
            "candidate validation must propagate its permanent latch to the original state"
@@ -706,7 +706,7 @@ async fn pool_meta_native_physical_runtime_fork_after_apply_latches_original_gat
            .expect("permanently blocked recovery should return without mutation"),
        "ordinary-readable repaired heads must not clear the original known-fork latch"
    );
-    let state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.lock().await;
+    let state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.write().await;
    assert!(state.write_blocked);
    assert_eq!(
        state
@@ -979,7 +979,7 @@ async fn pool_meta_native_heal_v1_with_all_upgrade_gates_disabled_keeps_exact_ra
        async {
            let (fixture, raw) = legacy_native_owner_fixture(POOL_META_V1_VERSION, false).await;
            let guard = owner(&fixture.store).await;
-            let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.lock().await;
+            let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.write().await;
            let result = tokio::time::timeout(
                std::time::Duration::from_secs(30),
                fixture.store.heal_pool_meta_replica_under_fence(0, guard, &mut state),
@@ -1036,7 +1036,7 @@ async fn pool_meta_native_heal_rejects_legacy_source_with_trailing_bytes_without
                let before = snapshots(&fixture.store).await;
                let identities = owner_repair_identity_heads(&fixture.store).await;
                let guard = owner(&fixture.store).await;
-                let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.lock().await;
+                let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.write().await;
                let result = tokio::time::timeout(
                    std::time::Duration::from_secs(30),
                    fixture.store.heal_pool_meta_replica_under_fence(1, guard, &mut state),
@@ -1110,7 +1110,7 @@ async fn pool_meta_native_heal_mixed_v1_v2_preserves_observed_format_floor() {
                    assert_eq!(selection.revision.version, POOL_META_VERSION, "the observed V2 format floor must be retained");
                    assert_eq!(selection.canonical.as_deref(), Some(semantic_v2.as_slice()));
                    let guard = owner(&fixture.store).await;
-                    let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.lock().await;
+                    let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.write().await;
                    tokio::time::timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(30),
                        fixture.store.heal_pool_meta_replica_under_fence(target_pool, guard, &mut state))
                        .await.expect("mixed legacy heal must terminate")
@@ -1199,7 +1199,7 @@ async fn pool_meta_native_heal_rejects_v1_and_v3_prepare_in_either_pool_order()
                let before = snapshots(&fixture.store).await;
                let identities = owner_repair_identity_heads(&fixture.store).await;
                let guard = owner(&fixture.store).await;
-                let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.lock().await;
+                let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.write().await;
                let result = tokio::time::timeout(
                    std::time::Duration::from_secs(30),
                    fixture
@@ -1301,7 +1301,7 @@ async fn pool_meta_native_heal_rejects_v1_legacy_dont_save_true_without_writes()
            let before = snapshots(&fixture.store).await;
            let identities = owner_repair_identity_heads(&fixture.store).await;
            let guard = owner(&fixture.store).await;
-            let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.lock().await;
+            let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.write().await;
            let result = tokio::time::timeout(
                std::time::Duration::from_secs(30),
                fixture.store.heal_pool_meta_replica_under_fence(1, guard, &mut state),
@@ -1410,7 +1410,7 @@ async fn pool_meta_native_heal_rejects_target_v1_dont_save_true_without_writes()
            let before = snapshots(&fixture.store).await;
            let identities = owner_repair_identity_heads(&fixture.store).await;
            let guard = owner(&fixture.store).await;
-            let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.lock().await;
+            let mut state = fixture.store.pool_meta_save_gate.write().await;
            let result = tokio::time::timeout(
                std::time::Duration::from_secs(30),
                fixture.store.heal_pool_meta_replica_under_fence(1, guard, &mut state),
@@ -527,8 +527,8 @@ mod decommission_lock_order_tests {
            rebalance_meta: tokio::sync::RwLock::new(other_store.rebalance_meta.read().await.clone()),
            decommission_cancelers: tokio::sync::RwLock::new(vec![None; other_store.pools.len()]),
            start_gate: tokio::sync::Mutex::new(()),
-            pool_meta_save_gate: tokio::sync::Mutex::new(
-                other_store.pool_meta_save_gate.lock().await.independent_clone_for_test(),
+            pool_meta_save_gate: crate::core::pools::PoolMetaSaveGate::new(
+                other_store.pool_meta_save_gate.write().await.independent_clone_for_test(),
            ),
            ctx,
            bucket_fence_registry: Arc::default(),
@@ -65,6 +65,38 @@ use uuid::Uuid;

 const LIST_MULTIPART_SETS_CONCURRENCY: usize = 4;

+#[cfg(test)]
+type TestSetLockers = HashMap<usize, Vec<Arc<dyn rustfs_lock::LockClient>>>;
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+static TEST_SET_LOCKERS: std::sync::LazyLock<std::sync::Mutex<TestSetLockers>> =
+    std::sync::LazyLock::new(|| std::sync::Mutex::new(HashMap::new()));
+
+/// Keep a fixture's real locker domain scoped to its owning instance.
+#[cfg(test)]
+pub(crate) struct ScopedSetLockers(Arc<InstanceContext>);
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+impl ScopedSetLockers {
+    pub(crate) fn install(ctx: Arc<InstanceContext>, lockers: Vec<Arc<dyn rustfs_lock::LockClient>>) -> Self {
+        let key = Arc::as_ptr(&ctx) as usize;
+        let mut domains = TEST_SET_LOCKERS.lock().expect("test set lockers mutex");
+        assert!(!domains.contains_key(&key), "the instance already owns a test locker domain");
+        domains.insert(key, lockers);
+        Self(ctx)
+    }
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+impl Drop for ScopedSetLockers {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        TEST_SET_LOCKERS
+            .lock()
+            .expect("test set lockers mutex")
+            .remove(&(Arc::as_ptr(&self.0) as usize));
+    }
+}
+
 fn is_idempotent_delete_prefix_error(err: &Error) -> bool {
    is_err_object_not_found(err) || is_err_strict_volume_not_found(err)
 }
@@ -266,6 +298,14 @@ impl Sets {
                }
            }

+            #[cfg(test)]
+            let pool_lockers = TEST_SET_LOCKERS
+                .lock()
+                .expect("test set lockers mutex")
+                .get(&(Arc::as_ptr(&instance_ctx) as usize))
+                .cloned()
+                .unwrap_or_else(|| pool_lockers.clone());
+
            let set_disks = SetDisks::new_with_instance_ctx(
                runtime_sources::local_node_name().await,
                Arc::new(RwLock::new(set_drive)),
@@ -85,6 +85,7 @@ impl ScannerPauseBacklogRetirementPhase {
 pub struct ScannerPauseBacklogRetirementReplica {
    pub pool_index: usize,
    pub set_index: usize,
+    pub set_id: Option<uuid::Uuid>,
    /// False for retiring members retained only to verify the old commit proof.
    pub writable: bool,
    pub data: Option<Vec<u8>>,
@@ -140,6 +141,7 @@ async fn read_replica((set, writable): (Arc<SetDisks>, bool)) -> Result<ScannerP
    let mut replica = ScannerPauseBacklogRetirementReplica {
        pool_index: set.pool_index,
        set_index: set.set_index,
+        set_id: Some(set.persistent_set_id()?),
        writable,
        data: None,
    };
@@ -222,6 +224,7 @@ pub(crate) fn plan_scanner_pause_backlog_retirement(
        .map(|read| ScannerPauseBacklogRetirementReplica {
            pool_index: read.replica.pool_index,
            set_index: read.replica.set_index,
+            set_id: read.replica.set_id,
            writable: read.replica.writable,
            data: read.replica.data.clone(),
        })
@@ -685,12 +685,8 @@ async fn clear_bucket_usage_memory(bucket: &str, guard: Option<&rustfs_lock::Nam
 }

 pub async fn remove_bucket_usage_from_backend(store: Arc<ECStore>, bucket: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
-    remove_bucket_usage_for_namespace_change(store.as_ref(), bucket).await
-}
-
-pub(crate) async fn remove_bucket_usage_for_namespace_change(store: &ECStore, bucket: &str) -> Result<(), Error> {
    prepare_bucket_usage_for_namespace_change(bucket, None).await?;
-    remove_bucket_usage_from_backend_with_guard_fenced(store, bucket, None).await
+    remove_bucket_usage_with_owned_namespace(store, bucket, None).await
 }

 pub(crate) async fn prepare_bucket_usage_for_namespace_change(
@@ -730,11 +726,37 @@ where
 pub(crate) async fn remove_bucket_usage_from_backend_with_guard_fenced(
    store: &ECStore,
    bucket: &str,
-    guard: Option<&rustfs_lock::NamespaceLockGuard>,
+    guard: Option<&Arc<rustfs_lock::NamespaceLockGuard>>,
 ) -> Result<(), Error> {
-    let result = remove_bucket_usage_from_backend_with_store_and_guard_and_publication(store, bucket, guard, Some(store)).await;
-    invalidate_bucket_usage_snapshot_caches(guard, bucket).await?;
-    result
+    let owned_store = crate::bucket::metadata_sys::object_store_in(&store.ctx).await?;
+    if !std::ptr::eq(store, owned_store.as_ref()) {
+        return Err(Error::other("usage cleanup requires its own metadata store"));
+    }
+    remove_bucket_usage_with_owned_namespace(owned_store, bucket, guard.cloned()).await
+}
+
+async fn remove_bucket_usage_with_owned_namespace(
+    store: Arc<ECStore>,
+    bucket: &str,
+    guard: Option<Arc<rustfs_lock::NamespaceLockGuard>>,
+) -> Result<(), Error> {
+    let bucket = bucket.to_owned();
+    let ctx = Arc::clone(&store.ctx);
+    // Retain the bucket generation and movement/object guards through every
+    // physical commit even when the namespace request stops waiting.
+    ctx.run_detached_mutation(async move {
+        let result = remove_bucket_usage_from_backend_with_store_and_guard_and_publication(
+            store.as_ref(),
+            &bucket,
+            guard.as_deref(),
+            Some(store.as_ref()),
+        )
+        .await;
+        invalidate_bucket_usage_snapshot_caches(guard.as_deref(), &bucket).await?;
+        result
+    })
+    .await
+    .map_err(Error::from)?
 }

 async fn invalidate_bucket_usage_snapshot_caches(
@@ -849,9 +871,9 @@ where
    let primary_seed_epoch = match publication_store {
        Some(publication_store) => Some(
            publication_store
-                .scanner_data_usage_publication_epoch()
+                .data_usage_namespace_cleanup_epoch()
                .await
-                .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("data usage publication is blocked by data movement"))?,
+                .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("data usage namespace cleanup epoch is unavailable"))?,
        ),
        None => None,
    };
@@ -871,9 +893,9 @@ where
    let backup_seed_epoch = match publication_store {
        Some(publication_store) => Some(
            publication_store
-                .scanner_data_usage_publication_epoch()
+                .data_usage_namespace_cleanup_epoch()
                .await
-                .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("data usage publication is blocked by data movement"))?,
+                .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("data usage namespace cleanup epoch is unavailable"))?,
        ),
        None => None,
    };
@@ -985,9 +1007,9 @@ where
        let read_epoch = match publication {
            Some((publication_store, expected_publication_epoch)) => {
                let epoch = publication_store
-                    .scanner_data_usage_publication_epoch()
+                    .data_usage_namespace_cleanup_epoch()
                    .await
-                    .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("data usage publication is blocked by data movement"))?;
+                    .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("data usage namespace cleanup epoch is unavailable"))?;
                if expected_publication_epoch.is_some_and(|expected| expected != epoch) {
                    return Err(Error::other("data usage publication epoch changed before snapshot read"));
                }
@@ -1022,9 +1044,8 @@ where
        ensure_bucket_namespace_guard(guard, bucket, "data usage snapshot commit")?;
        let publication_guard = match publication {
            Some((publication_store, expected_publication_epoch)) => {
-                let Some((guard, publication_epoch)) = publication_store.scanner_data_usage_publication_admission_guard().await
-                else {
-                    return Err(Error::other("data usage publication is blocked by data movement"));
+                let Some((guard, publication_epoch)) = publication_store.data_usage_namespace_cleanup_guard().await else {
+                    return Err(Error::other("data usage namespace cleanup epoch is unavailable"));
                };
                if expected_publication_epoch
                    .or(read_epoch)
@@ -1036,18 +1057,27 @@ where
            }
            None => None,
        };
-        let save_result = store
-            .put_object(
-                RUSTFS_META_BUCKET,
-                object,
-                &mut put_data,
-                &ObjectOptions {
-                    max_parity: true,
-                    http_preconditions: Some(http_preconditions),
-                    ..Default::default()
-                },
-            )
-            .await;
+        let save_result = match publication {
+            Some((publication_store, _)) => {
+                publication_store
+                    .put_usage_snapshot_for_namespace_cleanup(object, revision.as_deref(), &mut put_data, guard)
+                    .await
+            }
+            None => {
+                store
+                    .put_object(
+                        RUSTFS_META_BUCKET,
+                        object,
+                        &mut put_data,
+                        &ObjectOptions {
+                            max_parity: true,
+                            http_preconditions: Some(http_preconditions),
+                            ..Default::default()
+                        },
+                    )
+                    .await
+            }
+        };
        drop(publication_guard);
        match save_result.map_err(|err| crate::config::com::map_system_metadata_write_error(err, object)) {
            Ok(_) => return Ok(()),
@@ -3436,7 +3466,7 @@ mod tests {
            rebalance_meta: RwLock::new(None),
            decommission_cancelers: RwLock::new(Vec::new()),
            start_gate: TokioMutex::new(()),
-            pool_meta_save_gate: TokioMutex::default(),
+            pool_meta_save_gate: crate::core::pools::PoolMetaSaveGate::default(),
            ctx,
            bucket_fence_registry: Arc::default(),
        })
@@ -3053,6 +3053,15 @@ impl DiskAPI for LocalDiskWrapper {
        })
    }

+    async fn bucket_creation_witness(&self, volume: &str) -> Result<Option<super::os::NativeBucketCreationWitness>> {
+        self.track_disk_health_with_op(
+            "bucket_creation_witness",
+            || async { self.disk.bucket_creation_witness(volume).await },
+            Duration::ZERO,
+        )
+        .await
+    }
+
    async fn make_volume(&self, volume: &str) -> Result<()> {
        // Scoped heal must drain directory creation before releasing its lifecycle owner.
        let timeout = if crate::store::bucket_heal_scope(volume).is_some() {
@@ -92,6 +92,9 @@ pub const O_APPEND: FileMode = 0x00400;
 //     create_new: bool,

 pub async fn open_file(path: impl AsRef<Path>, mode: FileMode) -> io::Result<File> {
+    if mode & O_CREATE != 0 {
+        super::os::record_native_publication(path.as_ref());
+    }
    let path = path.as_ref().to_path_buf();
    native_io(move || {
        let mut options = std::fs::OpenOptions::new();
@@ -144,6 +147,7 @@ pub fn create_dir_all_std(path: &Path) -> io::Result<()> {
 }

 pub async fn make_dir_all(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> io::Result<()> {
+    super::os::record_native_publication(path.as_ref());
    let path = path.as_ref().to_path_buf();
    native_io(move || create_dir_all_std(&path)).await
 }
@@ -216,11 +220,13 @@ pub fn remove_all_std(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> io::Result<()> {

 #[cfg(test)]
 pub async fn mkdir(path: impl AsRef<Path>) -> io::Result<()> {
+    super::os::record_native_publication(path.as_ref());
    let path = path.as_ref().to_path_buf();
    native_io(move || std::fs::create_dir(path)).await
 }

 pub async fn rename(from: impl AsRef<Path>, to: impl AsRef<Path>) -> io::Result<()> {
+    super::os::record_native_publication(to.as_ref());
    let from = from.as_ref().to_path_buf();
    let to = to.as_ref().to_path_buf();
    native_io(move || std::fs::rename(from, to)).await
@@ -228,6 +234,7 @@ pub async fn rename(from: impl AsRef<Path>, to: impl AsRef<Path>) -> io::Result<

 #[cfg(any(not(windows), test))]
 pub fn rename_std(from: impl AsRef<Path>, to: impl AsRef<Path>) -> io::Result<()> {
+    super::os::record_native_publication(to.as_ref());
    std::fs::rename(from, to)
 }

@@ -286,12 +286,15 @@ pub(super) fn fsync_inline_commit_std(

    if destination_was_absent {
        let mut ancestor = dst.parent().and_then(Path::parent);
+        let mut ancestor_step = 0usize;
        while let Some(ancestor_dir) = ancestor {
            if !ancestor_dir.starts_with(dst_volume_dir) {
                break;
            }
            let fsync_started = rustfs_io_metrics::put_stage_timer();
-            if let Err(err) = os::fsync_dir_limited_std(ancestor_dir) {
+            if let Err(err) =
+                os::fsync_commit_ancestor_directory_limited_std(ancestor_dir, dst_volume_dir, ancestor_step, commit_guard)
+            {
                rustfs_io_metrics::record_put_object_stage_duration_from(
                    rustfs_io_metrics::PUT_STAGE_SET_DISK_RENAME_ANCESTOR_DIR_FSYNC,
                    fsync_started,
@@ -310,6 +313,7 @@ pub(super) fn fsync_inline_commit_std(
                break;
            }
            ancestor = ancestor_dir.parent();
+            ancestor_step += 1;
        }
    }
    Ok(())
@@ -517,8 +521,12 @@ impl LocalDisk {
            state.preflight_rejection = Some(LocalRenamePreflightRejection(()));
        })?;
        crate::hp_guard!("LocalDisk::rename_data");
-        if dst_volume == super::super::RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET {
-            self.multipart_index.record_info(dst_path, &fi).await?;
+        if dst_volume == super::super::RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET
+            && let Some(pin) = self.multipart_index.record_info(dst_path, &fi).await?
+        {
+            // The owner chain reaches every lease this rename publishes under,
+            // so the index marker stays pinned until that work has returned.
+            state.namespace_owner = Some(Arc::new((state.namespace_owner.take(), pin)));
        }
        #[cfg(feature = "e2e-test-hooks")]
        if fi.is_healing() {
@@ -752,8 +760,20 @@ impl LocalDisk {
        };
        let dst_file_path = self.io_get_object_open_path(dst_volume, format!("{}/{}", dst_path, STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE).as_str())?;

+        // Multipart restore completion has validated staged local parts,
+        // while its public status stays pending until finalization.
+        let pending_multipart_restore = src_volume == crate::disk::RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET
+            && fi
+                .metadata
+                .get(rustfs_filemeta::metadata_keys::RESTORE)
+                .and_then(|value| rustfs_filemeta::parse_restore_obj_status(value).ok())
+                .is_some_and(|status| status.is_restore_in_progress == Some(true));
+        if pending_multipart_restore && fi.data_dir.is_none_or(|dir| dir.is_nil()) {
+            return Err(DiskError::FileCorrupt);
+        }
+
        // data_dir path (only used by the non-inline commit branch)
-        let has_data_dir_path = if no_inline && !fi.is_remote() {
+        let has_data_dir_path = if no_inline && (!fi.is_remote() || pending_multipart_restore) {
            if let Some(data_dir) = fi
                .data_dir
                .map(|dir| rustfs_utils::path::retain_slash(dir.to_string().as_str()))
@@ -1461,7 +1481,12 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                            }
                        }
                    }
-                    match publication_owned.finish_on_thread(sync_commit_metadata, !cfg!(test), staging_cleanup) {
+                    match publication_owned.finish_on_thread(
+                        sync_commit_metadata,
+                        !cfg!(test),
+                        staging_cleanup,
+                        Some(&directory_guard_owned),
+                    ) {
                        Ok(result) => Ok(MultipartFusedCommitOutcome::Committed(Box::new(RenameDataResp {
                            multipart_source: Some(Box::new(result)),
                            old_data_dir: has_old_data_dir,
@@ -41,19 +41,53 @@ struct DiscoverySession {
    touched: Instant,
 }

-/// Plain (non-transaction) children of an object-scoped discovery root cost one
-/// budget entry per this many names: enough to bound a hostile prefix without
-/// making a real folder prefix undeletable.
+/// Names an object-scoped scan skips without a stat (plain children of the
+/// key's directory, and entries of a UUID child that cannot be delete evidence)
+/// cost one budget entry per this many names: enough to bound a hostile prefix
+/// without making a real folder prefix undeletable.
 const PLAIN_CHILDREN_PER_BUDGET_ENTRY: u32 = 64;

+/// Entries one step of the resumable (background) discovery may visit. The
+/// foreground bounded protocol has its own, larger per-call allowance.
+const DISCOVERY_STEP_ENTRIES: u32 = 4096;
+
+/// Wall-clock allowance of one bounded discovery call: a third of the drive
+/// timeout that wraps the call (including its wait for a lane worker), capped at
+/// ten seconds, so an incomplete walk returns before the call can time out.
+fn bounded_discovery_time_limit() -> std::time::Duration {
+    (crate::disk::disk_store::get_max_timeout_duration() / 3).min(std::time::Duration::from_secs(10))
+}
+
+/// Whether an entry inside a UUID child of an object-scoped root can name one
+/// of the key's delete transactions: a journal file of a rollback directory or
+/// a data-directory marker. Every other name is inert to discovery.
+fn may_be_delete_evidence(name: &str) -> bool {
+    [PREPARED, STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE_BACKUP, DELETE_QUORUM_COMMITTED_FILE].contains(&name)
+        || [
+            DELETE_DATA_DIR_MARKER_PREFIX,
+            RESERVED_DELETE_DATA_DIR_MARKER_PREFIX,
+            RECOVERY_DELETE_DATA_DIR_MARKER_PREFIX,
+        ]
+        .iter()
+        .any(|prefix| delete_transaction_marker_id(name, prefix).is_some())
+}
+
 impl DiscoverySession {
    /// Consume one bounded step, returning ownership only when traversal remains.
    fn advance(self, limit: u32) -> std::io::Result<(Vec<DeleteTransactionId>, Option<Self>)> {
-        self.advance_bounded(limit, super::super::DELETE_RECOVERY_MAX_DISCOVERY_ENTRIES)
+        self.advance_bounded(limit, DISCOVERY_STEP_ENTRIES, &|| false)
            .map(|(transactions, next, _)| (transactions, next))
    }

-    fn advance_bounded(mut self, limit: u32, max_entries: u32) -> std::io::Result<(Vec<DeleteTransactionId>, Option<Self>, u32)> {
+    /// Walk until `limit` transactions, `max_entries` charged entries, the end
+    /// of the scope, or `should_stop` (checked before every entry); any early
+    /// stop returns the remaining traversal as continuation state.
+    fn advance_bounded(
+        mut self,
+        limit: u32,
+        max_entries: u32,
+        should_stop: &dyn Fn() -> bool,
+    ) -> std::io::Result<(Vec<DeleteTransactionId>, Option<Self>, u32)> {
        if self.frames.is_empty() {
            match std::fs::read_dir(&self.root) {
                Ok(entries) => self.frames.push((String::new(), entries)),
@@ -66,10 +100,11 @@ impl DiscoverySession {
        let mut transactions = BTreeSet::new();
        let mut seen_candidates = HashSet::new();
        let mut visited = 0u32;
-        let mut plain_children = 0u32;
+        let mut skipped_by_name = 0u32;
        while !self.frames.is_empty()
            && transactions.len() < usize::try_from(limit).map_err(|_| std::io::Error::from(ErrorKind::InvalidInput))?
            && visited < max_entries
+            && !should_stop()
        {
            let (parent, entries) = self
                .frames
@@ -90,13 +125,22 @@ impl DiscoverySession {
                return Err(std::io::Error::from(ErrorKind::InvalidData));
            }
            // An object-scoped scan only ever descends into transaction (UUID)
-            // directories at the root. Plain child keys of a prefix directory are
-            // skipped by name without a stat; they are charged at one entry per
-            // readdir batch so the work stays bounded while deleting a missing key
-            // that names a prefix with thousands of children can still complete.
-            if self.object.is_some() && parent.is_empty() && !canonical_uuid(&name).is_some_and(|id| !id.is_nil()) {
-                plain_children += 1;
-                if plain_children.is_multiple_of(PLAIN_CHILDREN_PER_BUDGET_ENTRY) {
+            // directories at the root, and inside them only journal files and
+            // data-directory markers can be evidence. Every other name (plain
+            // child keys of a prefix directory, and the `xl.meta`, data
+            // directories or children of a UUID-named child key) is skipped by
+            // name without a stat and charged at one entry per readdir batch, so
+            // the work stays bounded while deleting a missing key that names a
+            // folder prefix with many children, UUID-named or not, can complete.
+            if self.object.is_some()
+                && if parent.is_empty() {
+                    !canonical_uuid(&name).is_some_and(|id| !id.is_nil())
+                } else {
+                    !may_be_delete_evidence(&name)
+                }
+            {
+                skipped_by_name += 1;
+                if skipped_by_name.is_multiple_of(PLAIN_CHILDREN_PER_BUDGET_ENTRY) {
                    visited += 1;
                }
                continue;
@@ -1128,6 +1172,8 @@ struct PreparedDeleteReceiptEntry {
    journal_raw: Vec<u8>,
    journal: DeleteRecoveryJournal,
    sole_transaction: bool,
+    had_old_data_dir: bool,
+    rollback_dir_fd: Option<Arc<std::fs::File>>,
 }

 #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -1137,6 +1183,8 @@ struct PublishedDeleteReceiptEntry {
    file_path: PathBuf,
    staging_root: PathBuf,
    journal_raw: Vec<u8>,
+    had_old_data_dir: bool,
+    rollback_dir_fd: Option<Arc<std::fs::File>>,
 }

 const PREPARED_DELETE_RECEIPTS_PER_SHARD: usize = 64;
@@ -1387,8 +1435,16 @@ impl LocalDisk {
        self.validate_delete_discovery_owner(&session)?;
        // The blocking owner drops every directory handle even if the RPC waiter disappears.
        // A partial inventory is never evidence of absence and never enters DISCOVERY_SESSIONS.
-        os::run_blocking_namespace_operation(lease, move || {
-            let (transactions, next, visited) = session.advance_bounded(256, max_entries)?;
+        // A large folder prefix may take a while to walk, so the probe rides the
+        // durable-mutation lane like bounded inspection, never the one-worker
+        // foreground lane that every other mutation on the drive queues behind.
+        // It also stops, incomplete, when its waiter goes away or well before the
+        // drive timeout, so a slow walk answers SlowDown instead of marking the
+        // drive failed or holding a lane worker after the request is gone.
+        let deadline = Instant::now() + bounded_discovery_time_limit();
+        os::run_cancellable_blocking_namespace_operation_with_sync(lease, true, move |is_cancelled| {
+            let should_stop = || is_cancelled() || Instant::now() >= deadline;
+            let (transactions, next, visited) = session.advance_bounded(256, max_entries, &should_stop)?;
            Ok(super::super::BoundedDeleteRecoveryDiscovery {
                transactions: if next.is_none() { transactions } else { Vec::new() },
                visited,
@@ -1829,7 +1885,9 @@ impl LocalDisk {
    ) -> Result<DeleteRecoveryInspection> {
        self.reject_multipart_delete_recovery_mutation(volume, object)?;
        if let Ok(root) = self.io_get_object_path(volume, object) {
-            let _ = take_prepared_delete_receipt(&root.join(transaction.to_string()));
+            let tx_dir = root.join(transaction.to_string());
+            let _ = take_prepared_delete_receipt(&tx_dir);
+            let _ = take_published_delete_receipt(&tx_dir);
        }

        let (mut observed, mut has_data_dir_work) = self
@@ -2493,8 +2551,9 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                    Err(err) if err.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound => return Ok(Ok(None)),
                    Err(err) => return Err(err),
                };
-                type PreparedDeleteTuple = (Option<Uuid>, Option<Vec<u8>>, Vec<u8>, DeleteRecoveryJournal, bool);
-                let (old_dir, target, journal_raw, journal, sole_transaction) =
+                type PreparedDeleteTuple =
+                    (Option<Uuid>, Option<Vec<u8>>, Vec<u8>, DeleteRecoveryJournal, bool, bool, Option<bool>);
+                let (old_dir, target, journal_raw, journal, sole_transaction, destination_missing, old_data_dir_state) =
                    match (|| -> Result<Option<PreparedDeleteTuple>> {
                        let mut meta = FileMeta::load(&buf)?;
                        let mut deleted_headers: Vec<_> = meta
@@ -2511,13 +2570,12 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                        if old_dir.is_some_and(|dir| dir == transaction || dir.is_nil()) {
                            return Err(DiskError::FileCorrupt);
                        }
+                        let mut old_path_to_verify = None;
                        if let Some(uuid) = old_dir {
                            meta.data.remove(vec![fi_clone.version_id.unwrap_or_default(), uuid])?;
                            let old_path = path_join(&[file_path.as_path(), Path::new(uuid.to_string().as_str())]);
                            check_path_length(old_path.to_string_lossy().as_ref())?;
-                            if old_path.join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE).exists() {
-                                return Ok(None);
-                            }
+                            old_path_to_verify = Some(old_path);
                        }
                        let surviving: HashSet<_> = meta
                            .versions
@@ -2529,7 +2587,11 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                        let target = (!meta.versions.is_empty()).then(|| meta.marshal_msg()).transpose()?;
                        let mut predecessors = BTreeSet::new();
                        let mut sole_transaction = true;
+                        let mut destination_exists = false;
+                        let mut old_data_dir_exists = false;
+                        let mut scanned_file_path = false;
                        if let Ok(entries) = std::fs::read_dir(&file_path) {
+                            scanned_file_path = true;
                            for (visited, entry) in
                                recovery_entries(entries, recovery_scope.as_ref().map(|scope| scope.budget.as_ref())).enumerate()
                            {
@@ -2542,13 +2604,19 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                                    sole_transaction = false;
                                    continue;
                                };
-                                let Some(id) = Uuid::parse_str(name_str).ok().filter(|id| !id.is_nil() && *id != transaction)
-                                else {
+                                let Some(id) = Uuid::parse_str(name_str).ok().filter(|id| !id.is_nil()) else {
                                    continue;
                                };
+                                if id == transaction {
+                                    destination_exists = true;
+                                    continue;
+                                }
                                if !entry.file_type().map_err(to_file_error)?.is_dir() {
                                    return Err(DiskError::InvalidPath);
                                }
+                                if old_dir == Some(id) && name_str == id.hyphenated().to_string() {
+                                    old_data_dir_exists = true;
+                                }
                                let dir_path = entry.path();
                                let prepared = regular_bytes(&dir_path.join(PREPARED))?;
                                let receipt = regular_bytes(&dir_path.join(DELETE_QUORUM_COMMITTED_FILE))?;
@@ -2589,6 +2657,12 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                                }
                            }
                        }
+                        if let Some(old_path) = old_path_to_verify
+                            && (!scanned_file_path || old_data_dir_exists)
+                            && old_path.join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE).exists()
+                        {
+                            return Ok(None);
+                        }
                        sole_transaction &= predecessors.is_empty();
                        let mut sparse = fi_clone;
                        sparse.data = None;
@@ -2607,14 +2681,28 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                            predecessors: predecessors.into_iter().collect(),
                        };
                        let raw = journal_bytes(&journal)?;
-                        Ok(Some((old_dir, target, raw, journal, sole_transaction)))
+                        Ok(Some((
+                            old_dir,
+                            target,
+                            raw,
+                            journal,
+                            sole_transaction,
+                            scanned_file_path && !destination_exists,
+                            scanned_file_path.then_some(old_data_dir_exists),
+                        )))
                    })() {
                        Ok(Some(tuple)) => tuple,
                        Ok(None) => return Ok(Ok(None)),
                        Err(err) => return Ok(Err(err)),
                    };
-                std::fs::create_dir_all(&staging_root)?;
-                let staged = tempfile::Builder::new().prefix("delete-prep-").tempdir_in(&staging_root)?;
+                let staged = match tempfile::Builder::new().prefix("delete-prep-").tempdir_in(&staging_root) {
+                    Ok(dir) => dir,
+                    Err(err) if err.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound => {
+                        std::fs::create_dir_all(&staging_root)?;
+                        tempfile::Builder::new().prefix("delete-prep-").tempdir_in(&staging_root)?
+                    }
+                    Err(err) => return Err(err),
+                };
                let staged_dir = staged.path().to_path_buf();
                let backup_path = staged_dir.join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE_BACKUP);
                if std::fs::hard_link(&xl_path, &backup_path).is_err() {
@@ -2638,27 +2726,40 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                for file in written_files {
                    file.sync_data()?;
                }
+                #[cfg(unix)]
+                let rollback_dir_fd = sync.then(|| std::fs::File::open(&staged_dir).ok().map(Arc::new)).flatten();
+                #[cfg(not(unix))]
+                let rollback_dir_fd: Option<Arc<std::fs::File>> = None;
                if sync {
-                    os::fsync_dir_std(&staged_dir)?;
+                    os::fsync_directory_handle_std(&staged_dir, rollback_dir_fd.as_deref())?;
                }
-                match std::fs::symlink_metadata(&destination) {
-                    Ok(metadata) if metadata.is_dir() => match std::fs::remove_dir(&destination) {
-                        Ok(()) => {}
+                if !destination_missing {
+                    match std::fs::symlink_metadata(&destination) {
+                        Ok(metadata) if metadata.is_dir() => match std::fs::remove_dir(&destination) {
+                            Ok(()) => {}
+                            Err(err) if err.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound => {}
+                            Err(err) if is_dir_not_empty_error(&err) => return Ok(Err(DiskError::OutdatedXLMeta)),
+                            Err(err) => return Err(err),
+                        },
+                        Ok(_) => return Ok(Err(DiskError::OutdatedXLMeta)),
                        Err(err) if err.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound => {}
-                        Err(err) if is_dir_not_empty_error(&err) => return Ok(Err(DiskError::OutdatedXLMeta)),
                        Err(err) => return Err(err),
-                    },
-                    Ok(_) => return Ok(Err(DiskError::OutdatedXLMeta)),
-                    Err(err) if err.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound => {}
-                    Err(err) => return Err(err),
+                    }
                }
                let staged_dir = staged.keep();
+                os::record_native_publication(&destination);
                if let Err(err) = std::fs::rename(&staged_dir, &destination) {
                    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&staged_dir);
                    return Err(err);
                }
-                let old_data_path = old_dir.map(|uuid| file_path.join(uuid.to_string())).filter(|p| p.is_dir());
-                if sync && let Err(err) = os::fsync_dir_std(&file_path) {
+                let old_data_path = old_dir
+                    .map(|uuid| file_path.join(uuid.to_string()))
+                    .filter(|p| old_data_dir_state.unwrap_or_else(|| p.is_dir()));
+                #[cfg(unix)]
+                let file_path_dir = sync.then(|| std::fs::File::open(&file_path).ok()).flatten();
+                #[cfg(not(unix))]
+                let file_path_dir: Option<std::fs::File> = None;
+                if sync && let Err(err) = os::fsync_directory_handle_std(&file_path, file_path_dir.as_ref()) {
                    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&destination);
                    return Err(err);
                }
@@ -2667,11 +2768,15 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                let mut reserved_data_path = None;
                if let Some(old_path) = old_data_path {
                    let reserved_marker = old_path.join(format!("{RESERVED_DELETE_DATA_DIR_MARKER_PREFIX}{transaction}"));
+                    #[cfg(unix)]
+                    let old_dir_file = sync.then(|| std::fs::File::open(&old_path).ok()).flatten();
+                    #[cfg(not(unix))]
+                    let old_dir_file: Option<std::fs::File> = None;
                    let reserve_res = (|| -> std::io::Result<()> {
                        let marker = std::fs::File::create(&reserved_marker)?;
                        if sync {
                            marker.sync_all()?;
-                            os::fsync_dir_std(&old_path)?;
+                            os::fsync_directory_handle_std(&old_path, old_dir_file.as_ref())?;
                        }
                        Ok(())
                    })();
@@ -2680,14 +2785,22 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&destination);
                        return Err(err);
                    }
-                    reserved_data_path = Some((old_path, reserved_marker));
+                    reserved_data_path = Some((old_path, reserved_marker, old_dir_file));
                }
                if let Some(ref target_bytes) = target {
                    // A provisional head must stay outside the published recovery transaction.
                    let target_in_rollback = destination.join(TARGET);
                    let linked_xl = staging_root.join(format!("delete-xl-{transaction}"));
-                    let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&linked_xl);
-                    let write_res = if std::fs::hard_link(&target_in_rollback, &linked_xl).is_ok() {
+                    os::record_native_publication(&xl_path);
+                    let linked = match std::fs::hard_link(&target_in_rollback, &linked_xl) {
+                        Ok(()) => true,
+                        Err(err) if err.kind() == ErrorKind::AlreadyExists => {
+                            let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&linked_xl);
+                            std::fs::hard_link(&target_in_rollback, &linked_xl).is_ok()
+                        }
+                        Err(_) => false,
+                    };
+                    let write_res = if linked {
                        let rename_res = std::fs::rename(&linked_xl, &xl_path);
                        if rename_res.is_err() {
                            let _ = std::fs::remove_file(&linked_xl);
@@ -2704,7 +2817,7 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                        })()
                    };
                    if let Err(err) = write_res {
-                        if let Some((_, reserved_marker)) = &reserved_data_path {
+                        if let Some((_, reserved_marker, _)) = &reserved_data_path {
                            let _ = std::fs::remove_file(reserved_marker);
                        }
                        let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&destination);
@@ -2713,19 +2826,20 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                } else if let Err(err) = std::fs::remove_file(&xl_path)
                    && err.kind() != ErrorKind::NotFound
                {
-                    if let Some((_, reserved_marker)) = &reserved_data_path {
+                    if let Some((_, reserved_marker, _)) = &reserved_data_path {
                        let _ = std::fs::remove_file(reserved_marker);
                    }
                    let _ = std::fs::remove_dir_all(&destination);
                    return Err(err);
                }
                if sync {
-                    os::fsync_dir_std(&file_path)?;
+                    os::fsync_directory_handle_std(&file_path, file_path_dir.as_ref())?;
                }
-                if let Some((old_path, reserved_marker)) = reserved_data_path {
+                let had_old_data_dir = reserved_data_path.is_some();
+                if let Some((old_path, reserved_marker, old_dir_file)) = reserved_data_path {
                    let recovery_marker = old_path.join(format!("{RECOVERY_DELETE_DATA_DIR_MARKER_PREFIX}{transaction}"));
                    match std::fs::rename(&reserved_marker, &recovery_marker) {
-                        Ok(()) if sync => os::fsync_dir_std(&old_path)?,
+                        Ok(()) if sync => os::fsync_directory_handle_std(&old_path, old_dir_file.as_ref())?,
                        Ok(()) => {}
                        Err(err) if err.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound => {}
                        Err(err) => return Err(err),
@@ -2741,9 +2855,11 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                        journal_raw,
                        journal,
                        sole_transaction,
+                        had_old_data_dir,
+                        rollback_dir_fd,
                    },
                );
-                Ok(Ok(Some(old_dir)))
+                Ok(Ok(Some(old_dir.filter(|_| had_old_data_dir))))
            },
        )
        .await
@@ -2796,7 +2912,13 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                Some(entry.bucket_path),
                entry.file_path,
                entry.staging_root,
-                Some((entry.journal_raw, entry.journal, entry.sole_transaction)),
+                Some((
+                    entry.journal_raw,
+                    entry.journal,
+                    entry.sole_transaction,
+                    entry.had_old_data_dir,
+                    entry.rollback_dir_fd,
+                )),
            ),
            None => {
                self.reject_multipart_delete_recovery_mutation(volume, object)?;
@@ -2827,7 +2949,7 @@ impl LocalDisk {
            lease,
            sync,
            move || -> std::io::Result<Result<Option<(DeleteRecoveryJournal, bool, bool)>>> {
-                if let Some((journal_raw, journal, sole_transaction)) = cached_receipt
+                if let Some((journal_raw, journal, sole_transaction, had_old_data_dir, rollback_dir_fd)) = cached_receipt
                    && rollback.join(PREPARED).is_file()
                {
                    let tmp_receipt = staging_root.join(format!("receipt-{transaction}.tmp"));
@@ -2838,9 +2960,10 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                        if sync && !receipt_bytes.is_empty() {
                            file.sync_data()?;
                        }
+                        os::record_native_publication(&receipt_path);
                        std::fs::rename(&tmp_receipt, &receipt_path)?;
                        if sync {
-                            os::fsync_dir_std(&rollback)?;
+                            os::fsync_directory_handle_std(&rollback, rollback_dir_fd.as_deref())?;
                        }
                        Ok(())
                    })();
@@ -2857,6 +2980,8 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                                file_path: root,
                                staging_root,
                                journal_raw,
+                                had_old_data_dir,
+                                rollback_dir_fd,
                            },
                        );
                    }
@@ -2934,6 +3059,7 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                if sync && !receipt_bytes.is_empty() {
                    staged.as_file().sync_data()?;
                }
+                os::record_native_publication(&receipt_path);
                std::fs::rename(staged.path(), &receipt_path)?;
                if sync {
                    os::fsync_dir_std(&rollback)?;
@@ -2992,29 +3118,34 @@ impl LocalDisk {
            None
        };
        let cached_published = rollback_open_path.as_deref().and_then(take_published_delete_receipt);
-        let (object_path, bucket_path, staging_root, root, cached_journal_raw) = match cached_published {
-            Some(entry) => (
-                entry.object_path,
-                entry.bucket_path,
-                entry.staging_root,
-                entry.file_path,
-                Some(entry.journal_raw),
-            ),
-            None => {
-                self.reject_multipart_delete_recovery_mutation(volume, object)?;
-                if !safe_path(object, false) {
-                    return Err(DiskError::InvalidPath);
+        let (object_path, bucket_path, staging_root, root, cached_journal_raw, cached_had_old_data_dir, mut rollback_dir_fd) =
+            match cached_published {
+                Some(entry) => (
+                    entry.object_path,
+                    entry.bucket_path,
+                    entry.staging_root,
+                    entry.file_path,
+                    Some(entry.journal_raw),
+                    Some(entry.had_old_data_dir),
+                    entry.rollback_dir_fd,
+                ),
+                None => {
+                    self.reject_multipart_delete_recovery_mutation(volume, object)?;
+                    if !safe_path(object, false) {
+                        return Err(DiskError::InvalidPath);
+                    }
+                    let obj_path = self.get_object_path(volume, object)?;
+                    (
+                        obj_path,
+                        self.io_get_bucket_path(volume)?,
+                        self.io_get_bucket_path(RUSTFS_META_TMP_BUCKET)?,
+                        self.io_get_object_path(volume, object)?,
+                        None,
+                        None,
+                        None,
+                    )
                }
-                let obj_path = self.get_object_path(volume, object)?;
-                (
-                    obj_path,
-                    self.io_get_bucket_path(volume)?,
-                    self.io_get_bucket_path(RUSTFS_META_TMP_BUCKET)?,
-                    self.io_get_object_path(volume, object)?,
-                    None,
-                )
-            }
-        };
+            };
        let metadata_owner = os::acquire_metadata_mutation_lease(&object_path, namespace_owner).await;
        let volume_guard = os::disk_volume_mutation_lock(&self.root, volume).read_owned().await;
        let owner: Option<Arc<dyn Send + Sync>> = Some(Arc::new((metadata_owner, volume_guard)));
@@ -3043,14 +3174,19 @@ impl LocalDisk {
        }

        let data_dirs = journal.data_dirs.clone();
+        let has_original = journal.original_digest.is_some();
        let has_target = journal.target_digest.is_some();
        let journal_for_receipt = cached_journal_raw.is_none().then(|| journal.clone());
        let lease = os::acquire_namespace_mutation_lease_with_owner(&receipt_path, owner).await;
-        let prune_paths: Vec<_> = rollback
-            .ancestors()
-            .take_while(|dir| *dir != bucket_path.as_path() && dir.starts_with(&bucket_path))
-            .map(Path::to_path_buf)
-            .collect();
+        let prune_paths: Vec<_> = if has_target {
+            vec![rollback.clone()]
+        } else {
+            rollback
+                .ancestors()
+                .take_while(|dir| *dir != bucket_path.as_path() && dir.starts_with(&bucket_path))
+                .map(Path::to_path_buf)
+                .collect()
+        };

        let res = os::run_blocking_namespace_operation_with_sync(lease, sync, move || -> std::io::Result<()> {
            let persist_receipt = |finished: bool| -> std::io::Result<()> {
@@ -3072,6 +3208,7 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                if sync && !receipt_bytes.is_empty() {
                    staged_receipt.as_file().sync_data()?;
                }
+                os::record_native_publication(&receipt_path);
                std::fs::rename(staged_receipt.path(), &receipt_path)?;
                if sync {
                    let _ = os::fsync_dir_std(&rollback);
@@ -3082,80 +3219,118 @@ impl LocalDisk {
            let recovery_committed = format!("{RECOVERY_DELETE_DATA_DIR_MARKER_PREFIX}{transaction}");
            let reserved = format!("{RESERVED_DELETE_DATA_DIR_MARKER_PREFIX}{transaction}");
            let mut had_physical_data_dirs = false;
-            for data_dir in &data_dirs {
-                for base in [&root, &rollback] {
-                    let dir_path = base.join(data_dir.to_string());
-                    match std::fs::read_dir(&dir_path) {
-                        Ok(entries) => {
-                            had_physical_data_dirs = true;
-                            let mut removable = Vec::new();
-                            let mut preserve_dir = false;
-                            for entry in recovery_entries(entries, work_budget.as_deref()) {
-                                let entry = entry?;
-                                let name = entry.file_name();
-                                let Some(name) = name.to_str() else {
-                                    preserve_dir = true;
-                                    continue;
-                                };
-                                if entry.file_type()?.is_file()
-                                    && (delete_recovery_part_file(name)
-                                        || name == committed
-                                        || name == recovery_committed
-                                        || name == reserved
-                                        || is_delete_transaction_marker(name, RESERVED_DELETE_DATA_DIR_MARKER_PREFIX))
-                                {
-                                    removable.push(entry.path());
-                                } else {
-                                    preserve_dir = true;
-                                }
-                            }
-                            for path in removable {
-                                ignore_not_found(std::fs::remove_file(path))?;
-                            }
-                            if sync {
-                                os::fsync_dir_std(&dir_path)?;
-                            }
-                            if !preserve_dir {
-                                match std::fs::remove_dir(&dir_path) {
-                                    Ok(()) => {}
-                                    Err(err) if err.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound || is_dir_not_empty_error(&err) => {}
-                                    Err(err) => return Err(err),
+            let fast_cleanup = cached_journal_raw.is_some();
+            if cached_had_old_data_dir != Some(false) {
+                let bases: &[&Path] = if fast_cleanup { &[&root] } else { &[&root, &rollback] };
+                for data_dir in &data_dirs {
+                    for base in bases {
+                        let dir_path = base.join(data_dir.to_string());
+                        match std::fs::read_dir(&dir_path) {
+                            Ok(entries) => {
+                                had_physical_data_dirs = true;
+                                let mut removable = Vec::new();
+                                let mut preserve_dir = false;
+                                for entry in recovery_entries(entries, work_budget.as_deref()) {
+                                    let entry = entry?;
+                                    let name = entry.file_name();
+                                    let Some(name) = name.to_str() else {
+                                        preserve_dir = true;
+                                        continue;
+                                    };
+                                    if entry.file_type()?.is_file()
+                                        && (delete_recovery_part_file(name)
+                                            || name == committed
+                                            || name == recovery_committed
+                                            || name == reserved
+                                            || is_delete_transaction_marker(name, RESERVED_DELETE_DATA_DIR_MARKER_PREFIX))
+                                    {
+                                        removable.push(entry.path());
+                                    } else {
+                                        preserve_dir = true;
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                for path in removable {
+                                    ignore_not_found(std::fs::remove_file(path))?;
+                                }
+                                let mut dir_removed = false;
+                                if !preserve_dir {
+                                    match std::fs::remove_dir(&dir_path) {
+                                        Ok(()) => dir_removed = true,
+                                        Err(err) if err.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound => dir_removed = true,
+                                        Err(err) if is_dir_not_empty_error(&err) => {}
+                                        Err(err) => return Err(err),
+                                    }
+                                }
+                                if !dir_removed && sync {
+                                    os::fsync_dir_std(&dir_path)?;
                                }
                            }
+                            Err(err) if err.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound => {}
+                            Err(err) => return Err(err),
                        }
-                        Err(err) if err.kind() == ErrorKind::NotFound => {}
-                        Err(err) => return Err(err),
                    }
                }
            }
            if had_physical_data_dirs && sync && root.is_dir() {
                os::fsync_dir_std(&root)?;
            }
-            for name in [STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE_BACKUP, DELETE_MARKER_ROLLBACK_FILE] {
-                if let Err(err) = ignore_not_found(std::fs::remove_file(rollback.join(name))) {
+            if fast_cleanup {
+                let backup_or_marker = if has_original {
+                    Some(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE_BACKUP)
+                } else if has_target {
+                    Some(DELETE_MARKER_ROLLBACK_FILE)
+                } else {
+                    None
+                };
+                if let Some(name) = backup_or_marker
+                    && let Err(err) = ignore_not_found(std::fs::remove_file(rollback.join(name)))
+                {
                    if has_target || had_physical_data_dirs {
                        let _ = persist_receipt(true);
                    }
                    return Err(err);
                }
-            }
-            for name in [PREPARED, TARGET, FINISHED] {
-                let path = rollback.join(name);
-                #[cfg(all(any(test, feature = "test-util"), not(windows)))]
-                os::prepared_publication_test_hooks::run(os::prepared_publication_test_hooks::Stage::Remove, &path);
-                if let Err(err) = ignore_not_found(std::fs::remove_file(path)) {
-                    if has_target || had_physical_data_dirs {
-                        let _ = persist_receipt(true);
+                for name in [PREPARED, FINISHED].into_iter().chain(has_target.then_some(TARGET)) {
+                    let path = rollback.join(name);
+                    #[cfg(all(any(test, feature = "test-util"), not(windows)))]
+                    os::prepared_publication_test_hooks::run(os::prepared_publication_test_hooks::Stage::Remove, &path);
+                    if let Err(err) = ignore_not_found(std::fs::remove_file(path)) {
+                        if has_target || had_physical_data_dirs {
+                            let _ = persist_receipt(true);
+                        }
+                        return Err(err);
+                    }
+                }
+            } else {
+                for name in [STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE_BACKUP, DELETE_MARKER_ROLLBACK_FILE] {
+                    if let Err(err) = ignore_not_found(std::fs::remove_file(rollback.join(name))) {
+                        if has_target || had_physical_data_dirs {
+                            let _ = persist_receipt(true);
+                        }
+                        return Err(err);
+                    }
+                }
+                for name in [PREPARED, TARGET, FINISHED] {
+                    let path = rollback.join(name);
+                    #[cfg(all(any(test, feature = "test-util"), not(windows)))]
+                    os::prepared_publication_test_hooks::run(os::prepared_publication_test_hooks::Stage::Remove, &path);
+                    if let Err(err) = ignore_not_found(std::fs::remove_file(path)) {
+                        if has_target || had_physical_data_dirs {
+                            let _ = persist_receipt(true);
+                        }
+                        return Err(err);
                    }
-                    return Err(err);
                }
            }
-            if sync && let Err(err) = os::fsync_dir_std(&rollback) {
+            let rollback_sync = rollback_dir_fd.take();
+            if sync && let Err(err) = os::fsync_directory_handle_std(&rollback, rollback_sync.as_deref()) {
+                drop(rollback_sync);
                if has_target || had_physical_data_dirs {
                    let _ = persist_receipt(true);
                }
                return Err(err);
            }
+            drop(rollback_sync);
            #[cfg(all(any(test, feature = "test-util"), not(windows)))]
            os::prepared_publication_test_hooks::run(os::prepared_publication_test_hooks::Stage::Remove, &receipt_path);
            if let Err(err) = ignore_not_found(std::fs::remove_file(&receipt_path)) {
@@ -6438,6 +6613,93 @@ mod tests {
        }
    }

+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn delete_recovery_bounded_discovery_charges_uuid_named_children_once_and_keeps_evidence() {
+        let (_temp, disk, _, _) = fixture().await;
+        let path = disk.delete_discovery_path("recovery", Some("prefix")).expect("prefix path");
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&path).expect("physical prefix");
+        // UUID-named child keys of the folder: each holds its own `xl.meta` and a
+        // data directory, neither of which can be evidence for the folder's key.
+        const CHILDREN: u32 = 2000;
+        for _ in 0..CHILDREN {
+            let child = path.join(Uuid::new_v4().to_string());
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(child.join(Uuid::new_v4().to_string())).expect("child key data dir");
+            std::fs::write(child.join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE), b"meta").expect("child key metadata");
+        }
+        // A UUID-named sub-prefix with children of its own.
+        const SUB_PREFIX_CHILDREN: u32 = 640;
+        let sub_prefix = path.join(Uuid::new_v4().to_string());
+        for index in 0..SUB_PREFIX_CHILDREN {
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(sub_prefix.join(format!("child-{index}"))).expect("sub-prefix child");
+        }
+        // Evidence of two interrupted transactions of the key itself: a journaled
+        // rollback directory, and a data-directory marker whose rollback is gone.
+        let journaled = Uuid::new_v4();
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(path.join(journaled.to_string())).expect("rollback directory");
+        std::fs::write(path.join(journaled.to_string()).join(PREPARED), b"{}").expect("journal");
+        let marker_only = Uuid::new_v4();
+        let data_dir = path.join(Uuid::new_v4().to_string());
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&data_dir).expect("residual data directory");
+        std::fs::write(data_dir.join(format!("{RESERVED_DELETE_DATA_DIR_MARKER_PREFIX}{marker_only}")), [])
+            .expect("reservation marker");
+
+        let page = disk
+            .discover_delete_transactions_bounded(
+                "recovery",
+                "prefix",
+                super::super::super::DELETE_RECOVERY_MAX_DISCOVERY_ENTRIES,
+            )
+            .await
+            .expect("bounded probe");
+        assert!(page.complete, "a folder of UUID-named keys is a complete inventory");
+        // One entry per descent (children, sub-prefix, rollback and data
+        // directory) and per evidence file; inert names at 1/64.
+        let inert = 2 * CHILDREN + SUB_PREFIX_CHILDREN;
+        assert_eq!(page.visited, CHILDREN + 3 + 2 + inert / PLAIN_CHILDREN_PER_BUDGET_ENTRY);
+        let found = page.transactions.iter().map(|id| id.transaction).collect::<BTreeSet<_>>();
+        assert!(found.contains(&journaled), "a journaled rollback directory is evidence");
+        assert!(found.contains(&marker_only), "a marker-only residue is evidence");
+        assert_eq!(found.len(), 2, "no child key is mistaken for a transaction");
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn delete_recovery_bounded_discovery_stops_on_request_and_skips_only_inert_irregular_entries() {
+        let (_temp, disk, _, _) = fixture().await;
+        let path = disk.delete_discovery_path("recovery", Some("prefix")).expect("prefix path");
+        let child = path.join(Uuid::new_v4().to_string());
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&child).expect("UUID-named child key");
+        // A stop request (cancellation or the wall-clock limit) ends the walk
+        // before any entry, leaving continuation state: never evidence of absence.
+        let session = disk
+            .new_delete_discovery_session("recovery", Some("prefix"), &path)
+            .expect("private session");
+        let (transactions, next, visited) = session
+            .advance_bounded(256, super::super::super::DELETE_RECOVERY_MAX_DISCOVERY_ENTRIES, &|| true)
+            .expect("stopped walk");
+        assert!(transactions.is_empty());
+        assert_eq!(visited, 0);
+        assert!(next.is_some(), "a stopped walk is incomplete");
+        drop(next);
+        #[cfg(unix)]
+        {
+            // An irregular entry whose name cannot be evidence is skipped unread.
+            std::os::unix::fs::symlink(&path, child.join("inert-link")).expect("inert symlink");
+            let page = disk
+                .discover_delete_transactions_bounded("recovery", "prefix", 4096)
+                .await
+                .expect("inert irregular entries are not evidence");
+            assert!(page.complete && page.transactions.is_empty());
+            // One with an evidence name still fails closed.
+            std::os::unix::fs::symlink(&path, child.join(PREPARED)).expect("evidence-named symlink");
+            assert!(
+                disk.discover_delete_transactions_bounded("recovery", "prefix", 4096)
+                    .await
+                    .is_err(),
+                "an evidence-named symlink is corruption, not a skipped name"
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
    #[tokio::test]
    async fn delete_recovery_bounded_discovery_refuses_partial_inventory_without_public_cursor() {
        let (_temp, disk, _, _) = fixture().await;
@@ -6540,8 +6802,11 @@ mod tests {
        let filler_id = Uuid::new_v4().to_string();
        let filler = path.join(&filler_id);
        fs::create_dir_all(&filler).await.expect("non-evidence directory");
-        for index in 0..5000 {
-            fs::write(filler.join(format!("part-{index:04}")), [])
+        // Inert names are skipped at 1/64, so fill the step with entries that
+        // pass the evidence-name filter but are directories: each costs a full
+        // budget entry and names no transaction.
+        for _ in 0..5000 {
+            fs::create_dir(filler.join(format!("{DELETE_DATA_DIR_MARKER_PREFIX}{}", Uuid::new_v4())))
                .await
                .expect("non-evidence entry");
        }
@@ -7240,6 +7505,9 @@ mod tests {
    #[cfg(unix)]
    #[tokio::test]
    async fn delete_recovery_fused_prepare_checkpoint_reopens_before_head_publication() {
+        use std::os::unix::fs::MetadataExt;
+
+        let _mode = durability_mode_override::set(DurabilityMode::Strict);
        let (_temp, disk, mut first, _) = fixture().await;
        first.version_id = Some(Uuid::new_v4());
        let mut second = first.clone();
@@ -7263,12 +7531,25 @@ mod tests {
            let source = source_root.join(transaction.to_string());
            let destination = copy_root.join(transaction.to_string());
            std::fs::create_dir(&destination).expect("create checkpoint transaction");
-            std::fs::copy(source_root.join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE), copy_root.join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE))
-                .expect("capture head before publication");
+            let source_head = source_root.join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE);
+            let source_head_meta = std::fs::metadata(&source_head).expect("stat source head");
+            let copy_head = copy_root.join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE);
+            std::fs::copy(&source_head, &copy_head).expect("capture head before publication");
            for entry in std::fs::read_dir(source).expect("read published preparation") {
                let entry = entry.expect("prepared file");
                assert!(entry.file_type().expect("prepared file type").is_file());
-                std::fs::copy(entry.path(), destination.join(entry.file_name())).expect("capture prepared file");
+                let dst = destination.join(entry.file_name());
+                if entry.file_name() == STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE_BACKUP {
+                    let backup_meta = entry.metadata().expect("stat prepared backup");
+                    assert_eq!(
+                        (backup_meta.dev(), backup_meta.ino()),
+                        (source_head_meta.dev(), source_head_meta.ino()),
+                        "fused preparation must hardlink backup to live head"
+                    );
+                    std::fs::hard_link(&copy_head, &dst).expect("preserve hardlinked backup");
+                } else {
+                    std::fs::copy(entry.path(), dst).expect("capture prepared file");
+                }
            }
        });
        let opts = DeleteOptions {
@@ -7292,10 +7573,42 @@ mod tests {
            .await
            .expect("actual preparation checkpoint must remain recoverable");
        assert_eq!(inspection.state, DeleteRecoveryState::NewPrepared);
-        reopened
-            .settle_delete_transaction("recovery", "object", transaction, inspection.fingerprint, DeleteRecoveryAction::Rollback)
+        let reopened_tx = reopened
+            .io_get_object_path("recovery", &format!("object/{transaction}"))
+            .expect("reopened transaction path");
+        os::fsync_dir_recorder::set_failure(&reopened_tx, ErrorKind::Other);
+        assert!(
+            reopened
+                .settle_delete_transaction(
+                    "recovery",
+                    "object",
+                    transaction,
+                    inspection.fingerprint,
+                    DeleteRecoveryAction::Rollback
+                )
+                .await
+                .is_err(),
+            "failed transaction directory sync after backup removal must retain journal"
+        );
+        assert!(reopened_tx.join(PREPARED).is_file());
+        assert!(!reopened_tx.join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE_BACKUP).exists());
+        let retry_inspection = reopened
+            .delete_recovery_inspect("recovery", "object", transaction)
+            .await
+            .expect("inspect interrupted rollback");
+        assert_eq!(retry_inspection.state, DeleteRecoveryState::NewPrepared);
+        let settled = reopened
+            .settle_delete_transaction(
+                "recovery",
+                "object",
+                transaction,
+                retry_inspection.fingerprint,
+                DeleteRecoveryAction::Rollback,
+            )
            .await
            .expect("roll back interrupted preparation");
+        assert_eq!(settled.state, DeleteRecoveryState::Absent, "same-inode backup must not survive rollback");
+        assert!(!checkpoint_root.join(transaction.to_string()).exists());
        assert_eq!(
            fs::read(checkpoint_root.join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE))
                .await
@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@
 //! Bucket-to-staging-root candidates: one marker per staging root, recorded
 //! before the root is published and pruned once the root is gone. Source
 //! metadata stays authoritative.
+//!
+//! A marker without a staging root is either a leftover or an upload whose
+//! root is still being published. The publisher proves the second case by
+//! holding a [`PublicationPin`] from before it records the marker until its
+//! filesystem work has returned; no elapsed time is taken as that proof.

 use super::{LocalDisk, read_metadata_only_std};
 use crate::disk::{
@@ -29,9 +34,6 @@ use uuid::Uuid;

 const INDEX: &str = ".rustfs.sys/multipart-index-v1";
 const REBUILD_DIRENTS_PER_JOB: usize = 64;
-/// A marker is recorded before its staging root is published. A marker younger
-/// than this without a root is an upload in flight, never a leftover to prune.
-const MULTIPART_INDEX_PRUNE_GRACE: std::time::Duration = std::time::Duration::from_secs(300);
 type DirectoryEntries = Box<dyn Iterator<Item = io::Result<String>> + Send>;
 type PhysicalRoot = (u64, [u8; 16]);
 static OWNERS: LazyLock<parking_lot::Mutex<HashMap<PhysicalRoot, Weak<IndexOwner>>>> =
@@ -56,9 +58,15 @@ pub(super) struct IndexOwner {
    // drop so a cancelled scan can be resumed by the next caller.
    driving: AtomicBool,
    disabled: AtomicBool,
+    // Markers whose staging root some publisher is creating right now, with
+    // the number of publishers. Boot-local like the index itself: every writer
+    // of this physical drive in this process shares this owner.
+    publishing: parking_lot::Mutex<HashMap<PathBuf, usize>>,
    #[cfg(test)]
    rebuild_head_pause: parking_lot::Mutex<Option<RebuildHeadPause>>,
    #[cfg(test)]
+    publication_pause: parking_lot::Mutex<Option<RebuildHeadPause>>,
+    #[cfg(test)]
    observed_rebuild_queue: parking_lot::Mutex<Option<Arc<os::DiskBlockingQueue>>>,
    #[cfg(test)]
    rebuild_single_job: AtomicBool,
@@ -120,23 +128,6 @@ impl IndexDirectory {
            std::fs::File::open(self.path.join(name))
        }
    }
-    fn modified(&self, name: &str) -> io::Result<std::time::SystemTime> {
-        #[cfg(unix)]
-        {
-            self.open_file(name)?.metadata()?.modified()
-        }
-        #[cfg(not(unix))]
-        {
-            std::fs::metadata(self.path.join(name))?.modified()
-        }
-    }
-    /// Whether the marker is still inside the publication grace period. A
-    /// marker dated in the future (clock stepped back) is never a leftover.
-    fn marker_is_young(&self, name: &str) -> bool {
-        self.modified(name)
-            .ok()
-            .is_some_and(|modified| modified.elapsed().map_or(true, |age| age < MULTIPART_INDEX_PRUNE_GRACE))
-    }
    fn remove_file(&self, name: &str) -> io::Result<()> {
        #[cfg(unix)]
        {
@@ -280,9 +271,12 @@ impl IndexOwner {
            initialized: OnceLock::new(),
            driving: AtomicBool::new(false),
            disabled: AtomicBool::new(false),
+            publishing: parking_lot::Mutex::new(HashMap::new()),
            #[cfg(test)]
            rebuild_head_pause: parking_lot::Mutex::new(None),
            #[cfg(test)]
+            publication_pause: parking_lot::Mutex::new(None),
+            #[cfg(test)]
            observed_rebuild_queue: parking_lot::Mutex::new(None),
            #[cfg(test)]
            rebuild_single_job: AtomicBool::new(false),
@@ -394,8 +388,8 @@ impl IndexOwner {
            // The index is boot-local: every start rescans the staging area
            // before serving it, so a marker lost to a crash is recreated before
            // it can be consulted. Creation is enough; no fsync of the marker or
-            // its ancestors. An existing marker is touched so pruning sees the
-            // new upload's age, not the previous one's.
+            // its ancestors. An existing marker needs nothing: the caller's
+            // publication pin, not the marker's age, keeps it from being pruned.
            match openat(
                &parent,
                source_root,
@@ -407,16 +401,7 @@ impl IndexOwner {
                        return Err(io::Error::other("index marker is not a file"));
                    }
                }
-                Err(rustix::io::Errno::EXIST) => {
-                    // Best effort: a filesystem that refuses to set times keeps
-                    // the previous upload's age, which only shortens the prune
-                    // grace for this key; index completeness does not depend on it.
-                    if let Ok(marker) =
-                        openat(&parent, source_root, OFlags::WRONLY | OFlags::NOFOLLOW | OFlags::CLOEXEC, Mode::empty())
-                    {
-                        let _ = std::fs::File::from(marker).set_modified(std::time::SystemTime::now());
-                    }
-                }
+                Err(rustix::io::Errno::EXIST) => {}
                Err(error) => return Err(error.into()),
            }
        }
@@ -429,7 +414,23 @@ impl IndexOwner {
            os::replace_multipart_source_metadata(&marker, b"1", &self.base, &root)?;
            os::sync_multipart_owned_record_parents(&self.base.join(".rustfs.sys"), &directory, true, &self.base, &root)?;
        }
-        self.ensure_current_root()
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    /// Declare that the caller is about to publish the staging root of
+    /// `marker`. Must precede the marker lease the caller records under, so a
+    /// prune that found no pin has released that lease before the marker is
+    /// (re)created.
+    fn pin_publication(self: &Arc<Self>, marker: PathBuf) -> PublicationPin {
+        *self.publishing.lock().entry(marker.clone()).or_default() += 1;
+        PublicationPin {
+            owner: Arc::clone(self),
+            marker,
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn is_publishing(&self, marker: &Path) -> bool {
+        self.publishing.lock().contains_key(marker)
    }

    fn ensure_current_root(&self) -> io::Result<()> {
@@ -513,9 +514,12 @@ impl IndexOwner {
        }
    }

-    pub(super) async fn record_info(self: &Arc<Self>, path: &str, info: &FileInfo) -> Result<()> {
+    /// Record the marker of `path`'s staging root. The returned pin must stay
+    /// alive until the filesystem work that publishes the root has returned,
+    /// including work that outlives a cancelled caller.
+    pub(super) async fn record_info(self: &Arc<Self>, path: &str, info: &FileInfo) -> Result<Option<PublicationPin>> {
        if canonical_upload(path).is_none() {
-            return Ok(());
+            return Ok(None);
        }
        let owner = self.clone();
        let path = path.to_owned();
@@ -531,6 +535,7 @@ impl IndexOwner {
                    .join(path.split('/').next().unwrap_or_default())
            })
            .unwrap_or_else(|| owner.base.join(INDEX));
+        let pin = self.pin_publication(marker.clone());
        let lease = os::acquire_namespace_mutation_lease_with_owner(&marker, None).await;
        os::run_blocking_namespace_operation_with_sync(lease, true, move || {
            match owner.record(&path, &info) {
@@ -544,16 +549,13 @@ impl IndexOwner {
            }
        })
        .await?;
-        Ok(())
+        Ok(Some(pin))
    }

-    pub(super) async fn record_head(self: &Arc<Self>, path: &str, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
-        let Some(upload) = path
+    pub(super) async fn prepare_record_head(self: &Arc<Self>, path: &str, bytes: &[u8]) -> Option<PreparedHeadRecord> {
+        let upload = path
            .strip_suffix("/xl.meta")
-            .filter(|upload| canonical_upload(upload).is_some())
-        else {
-            return Ok(());
-        };
+            .filter(|upload| canonical_upload(upload).is_some())?;
        let info = match get_file_info(
            bytes,
            RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET,
@@ -568,10 +570,36 @@ impl IndexOwner {
            Ok(info) => info,
            Err(_) => {
                self.disabled.store(true, Ordering::Release);
-                return Ok(());
+                return None;
            }
        };
-        self.record_info(upload, &info).await
+        let marker = info
+            .metadata
+            .get(crate::disk::multipart_index::RUSTFS_MULTIPART_BUCKET_KEY)
+            .map(|bucket| {
+                self.base
+                    .join(INDEX)
+                    .join(sha(bucket))
+                    .join(upload.split('/').next().unwrap_or_default())
+            })
+            .unwrap_or_else(|| self.base.join(INDEX));
+        let pin = self.pin_publication(marker.clone());
+        let lease = os::acquire_namespace_mutation_lease_with_owner(&marker, None).await;
+        Some(PreparedHeadRecord {
+            upload: upload.to_owned(),
+            info,
+            pin,
+            _lease: lease,
+        })
+    }
+
+    /// Record the marker of the staging root that `path` belongs to. See
+    /// [`Self::record_info`] for how long the returned pin must live.
+    pub(super) async fn record_head(self: &Arc<Self>, path: &str, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<Option<PublicationPin>> {
+        let Some(prepared) = self.prepare_record_head(path, bytes).await else {
+            return Ok(None);
+        };
+        prepared.run().await.map(Some)
    }

    async fn page(self: &Arc<Self>, bucket: &str, marker: Option<&str>, disk_id: Uuid) -> Result<MultipartIndexPage> {
@@ -622,17 +650,20 @@ impl IndexOwner {
            // to every key ever multipart-initiated on this drive.
            let mut live = Vec::with_capacity(roots.len());
            let mut stale = Vec::new();
+            let markers = owner.base.join(INDEX).join(sha(&bucket));
            for root in roots {
+                // The marker precedes its staging root: a pinned one is an
+                // upload in flight and stays a candidate. The pin is read
+                // before the root, so a publisher that finished in between has
+                // already made its root visible.
+                if owner.is_publishing(&markers.join(&root)) {
+                    live.push(root);
+                    continue;
+                }
                match owner.directory(&Path::new(RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET).join(&root)) {
                    Ok(_) => live.push(root),
                    Err(error) if matches!(error.kind(), io::ErrorKind::NotFound | io::ErrorKind::NotADirectory) => {
-                        // The marker precedes its staging root; a young one is an
-                        // upload in flight and stays a candidate.
-                        if directory.as_ref().is_some_and(|index| index.marker_is_young(&root)) {
-                            live.push(root);
-                        } else {
-                            stale.push(root);
-                        }
+                        stale.push(root);
                    }
                    Err(error) => return Err(DiskError::from(error)),
                }
@@ -657,9 +688,11 @@ impl IndexOwner {
    }

    /// Remove one marker whose staging root was gone when a page examined it.
-    /// The marker's own namespace lease serializes this with `record_info`; the
-    /// staging root and the marker's age are re-checked under that lease, so an
-    /// upload recorded in between keeps its marker.
+    /// The marker's own namespace lease serializes this with recording. Under
+    /// that lease the publication pin is read first and the staging root
+    /// second: a publisher pinned before the read keeps the marker, one that
+    /// already finished has made its root visible, and one that pins later
+    /// records its marker only after this lease is released.
    async fn prune_marker(self: &Arc<Self>, bucket: &str, root: &str) -> Result<()> {
        let owner = self.clone();
        let bucket_directory = Path::new(INDEX).join(sha(bucket));
@@ -670,6 +703,9 @@ impl IndexOwner {
        // not queue behind every other mutation on the one-worker foreground lane.
        os::run_blocking_namespace_operation_with_sync(lease, true, move || {
            owner.ensure_current_root()?;
+            if owner.is_publishing(&marker) {
+                return Ok(());
+            }
            match owner.directory(&Path::new(RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET).join(&root)) {
                Ok(_) => return Ok(()),
                Err(error) if matches!(error.kind(), io::ErrorKind::NotFound | io::ErrorKind::NotADirectory) => {}
@@ -680,9 +716,6 @@ impl IndexOwner {
                Err(error) if error.kind() == io::ErrorKind::NotFound => return Ok(()),
                Err(error) => return Err(error),
            };
-            if directory.marker_is_young(&root) {
-                return Ok(());
-            }
            match directory.remove_file(&root) {
                Err(error) if error.kind() != io::ErrorKind::NotFound => Err(error),
                _ => Ok(()),
@@ -693,6 +726,72 @@ impl IndexOwner {
    }
 }

+/// Proof that the staging root of one marker is being published. While any pin
+/// for a marker is alive, pruning leaves that marker alone.
+#[must_use = "dropping the pin lets a concurrent listing prune the marker before its staging root exists"]
+pub(super) struct PublicationPin {
+    owner: Arc<IndexOwner>,
+    marker: PathBuf,
+}
+
+impl PublicationPin {
+    /// Test seam between recording the marker and publishing the staging root.
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    pub(super) fn pause_for_test(&self) {
+        let pause = self.owner.publication_pause.lock().take();
+        if let Some(pause) = pause {
+            let _pause = os::enter_blocking_test_hook();
+            let _ = pause.started.send(());
+            let _ = pause.release.recv_timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(10));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for PublicationPin {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        let mut publishing = self.owner.publishing.lock();
+        if let Some(count) = publishing.get_mut(&self.marker) {
+            *count -= 1;
+            if *count == 0 {
+                publishing.remove(&self.marker);
+            }
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+pub(super) struct PreparedHeadRecord {
+    upload: String,
+    info: FileInfo,
+    pin: PublicationPin,
+    _lease: Arc<os::NamespaceMutationLease>,
+}
+
+impl PreparedHeadRecord {
+    /// Record the marker and release its lease. The caller publishes the
+    /// staging root while it holds the returned pin.
+    pub(super) fn run_std(self) -> io::Result<PublicationPin> {
+        let Self {
+            upload,
+            info,
+            pin,
+            _lease,
+        } = self;
+        match pin.owner.record(&upload, &info) {
+            Err(error) if error.kind() == io::ErrorKind::InvalidData => {
+                pin.owner.disabled.store(true, Ordering::Release);
+                Ok(pin)
+            }
+            Err(error) => Err(error),
+            Ok(()) => Ok(pin),
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn run(self) -> Result<PublicationPin> {
+        let lease = Arc::clone(&self._lease);
+        Ok(os::run_blocking_namespace_operation_with_sync(lease, true, move || self.run_std()).await?)
+    }
+}
+
 impl LocalDisk {
    #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-util"))]
    pub(in crate::disk) async fn wait_for_multipart_index_bootstrap(&self) {
@@ -907,47 +1006,274 @@ mod tests {
        let live = format!("{:064x}", 1);
        let finished = format!("{:064x}", 2);
        let in_flight = format!("{:064x}", 3);
-        let clock_stepped = format!("{:064x}", 4);
-        for name in [&live, &finished, &in_flight, &clock_stepped] {
+        for name in [&live, &finished, &in_flight] {
            std::fs::write(directory.join(name), b"1").expect("marker");
        }
        // Completion and abort remove the staging root and leave the marker.
        std::fs::create_dir_all(root.path().join(RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET).join(&live)).expect("live staging root");
-        set_marker_modified(&directory.join(&finished), std::time::SystemTime::now() - MULTIPART_INDEX_PRUNE_GRACE * 2);
-        // A marker dated after a backwards clock step is never a leftover.
-        set_marker_modified(
-            &directory.join(&clock_stepped),
-            std::time::SystemTime::now() + MULTIPART_INDEX_PRUNE_GRACE * 2,
-        );
-        let page = disk.multipart_index.page("bucket", None, Uuid::new_v4()).await.expect("page");
-        // The in-flight marker has no staging root yet but is young: a candidate, not a leftover.
-        assert_eq!(page.roots, vec![live.clone(), in_flight.clone(), clock_stepped.clone()]);
+        let owner = &disk.multipart_index;
+        let publishing = owner.pin_publication(owner.base.join(INDEX).join(sha("bucket")).join(&in_flight));
+        let second_publisher = owner.pin_publication(owner.base.join(INDEX).join(sha("bucket")).join(&in_flight));
+        let page = owner.page("bucket", None, Uuid::new_v4()).await.expect("page");
+        // The in-flight marker has no staging root yet but is pinned: a candidate, not a leftover.
+        assert_eq!(page.roots, vec![live.clone(), in_flight.clone()]);
        assert!(page.next_marker.is_none());
        assert!(directory.join(&live).exists(), "a live root keeps its marker");
-        assert!(directory.join(&in_flight).exists(), "a marker inside the grace period is kept");
-        assert!(directory.join(&clock_stepped).exists(), "a future-dated marker is kept");
-        assert!(!directory.join(&finished).exists(), "a finished root's marker is pruned");
-        // The next page no longer pays for the pruned marker.
-        let page = disk
-            .multipart_index
+        assert!(directory.join(&in_flight).exists(), "a pinned marker is kept");
+        assert!(!directory.join(&finished).exists(), "a finished root's marker is pruned at once");
+        // One of two publishers of the same root finishing does not unpin it.
+        drop(publishing);
+        let page = owner
            .page("bucket", None, Uuid::new_v4())
            .await
-            .expect("page after pruning");
-        assert_eq!(page.roots, vec![live, in_flight, clock_stepped]);
+            .expect("page with one publisher left");
+        assert_eq!(page.roots, vec![live.clone(), in_flight.clone()]);
+        assert!(directory.join(&in_flight).exists(), "the remaining publisher keeps the marker");
+        // A publication that ended without a staging root leaves a leftover.
+        drop(second_publisher);
+        let page = owner
+            .page("bucket", None, Uuid::new_v4())
+            .await
+            .expect("page after the failed publication");
+        assert_eq!(page.roots, vec![live]);
+        assert!(!directory.join(&in_flight).exists(), "an unpinned marker without a root is pruned");
+        assert!(owner.publishing.lock().is_empty(), "finished publishers leave no pin behind");
    }

-    /// Move a marker's modification time outside the publication grace period.
-    fn age_marker(marker: &Path) {
-        set_marker_modified(marker, std::time::SystemTime::now() - MULTIPART_INDEX_PRUNE_GRACE * 2);
+    fn pause_next_publication(owner: &IndexOwner) -> (tokio::sync::oneshot::Receiver<()>, std::sync::mpsc::Sender<()>) {
+        let (started, waiting) = tokio::sync::oneshot::channel();
+        let (release, released) = std::sync::mpsc::channel();
+        *owner.publication_pause.lock() = Some(RebuildHeadPause {
+            started,
+            release: released,
+        });
+        (waiting, release)
    }

-    fn set_marker_modified(marker: &Path, modified: std::time::SystemTime) {
+    /// The window the pin closes: the marker is recorded and its lease is
+    /// released, the staging root is not published yet, and a listing examines
+    /// the bucket. The marker is dated a day back so that no grace period could
+    /// be what keeps it.
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
+    async fn multipart_index_listing_during_source_publication_keeps_the_new_upload_listed() {
+        let root = tempfile::tempdir().expect("disk root");
+        let disk = Arc::new(open(root.path()).await);
+        let (path, info) = upload("bucket", "published-while-listed");
+        let source_root = path.split('/').next().expect("source sha").to_owned();
+        let marker = root.path().join(INDEX).join(sha("bucket")).join(&source_root);
+        let source_head = root
+            .path()
+            .join(RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET)
+            .join(&path)
+            .join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE);
+        let (paused, release) = pause_next_publication(&disk.multipart_index);
+        let writer = tokio::spawn({
+            let disk = Arc::clone(&disk);
+            let path = path.clone();
+            async move { disk.write_metadata("bucket", RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET, &path, info).await }
+        });
+        tokio::time::timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(5), paused)
+            .await
+            .expect("the publication reaches the pause")
+            .expect("pause sender");
+        assert!(marker.exists(), "the marker precedes the staging root");
+        assert!(!source_head.exists(), "the staging root is not published yet");
        std::fs::File::options()
            .write(true)
-            .open(marker)
+            .open(&marker)
            .expect("marker")
-            .set_modified(modified)
-            .expect("set marker time");
+            .set_modified(std::time::SystemTime::now() - std::time::Duration::from_secs(86_400))
+            .expect("age the marker");
+
+        let identity = Uuid::new_v4();
+        let page = disk
+            .multipart_index
+            .page("bucket", None, identity)
+            .await
+            .expect("page during publication");
+        assert_eq!(page.roots, vec![source_root.clone()], "an upload in flight stays a candidate");
+        assert!(marker.exists(), "a listing must not prune the marker of an upload in flight");
+
+        release.send(()).expect("resume the publication");
+        writer.await.expect("writer task").expect("the upload metadata is published");
+        assert!(source_head.exists());
+        let page = disk
+            .multipart_index
+            .page("bucket", None, identity)
+            .await
+            .expect("page after publication");
+        assert_eq!(page.roots, vec![source_root], "the published upload is listed");
+        assert!(marker.exists());
+        assert!(disk.multipart_index.publishing.lock().is_empty());
+    }
+
+    /// A timed-out caller drops its future while the filesystem work goes on.
+    /// The pin belongs to that work, so the marker survives until the staging
+    /// root the detached work publishes is visible.
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
+    async fn multipart_index_cancelled_publisher_keeps_its_marker_until_the_detached_work_returns() {
+        let root = tempfile::tempdir().expect("disk root");
+        let disk = Arc::new(open(root.path()).await);
+        let (path, info) = upload("bucket", "caller-timed-out");
+        let source_root = path.split('/').next().expect("source sha").to_owned();
+        let marker = root.path().join(INDEX).join(sha("bucket")).join(&source_root);
+        let source_head = root
+            .path()
+            .join(RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET)
+            .join(&path)
+            .join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE);
+        let (paused, release) = pause_next_publication(&disk.multipart_index);
+        let writer = tokio::spawn({
+            let disk = Arc::clone(&disk);
+            let path = path.clone();
+            async move { disk.write_metadata("bucket", RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET, &path, info).await }
+        });
+        tokio::time::timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(5), paused)
+            .await
+            .expect("the publication reaches the pause")
+            .expect("pause sender");
+        writer.abort();
+        assert!(writer.await.expect_err("the caller is gone").is_cancelled());
+
+        let identity = Uuid::new_v4();
+        let page = disk
+            .multipart_index
+            .page("bucket", None, identity)
+            .await
+            .expect("page after the caller left");
+        assert_eq!(page.roots, vec![source_root.clone()]);
+        assert!(marker.exists(), "the detached publication still owns the marker");
+
+        release.send(()).expect("resume the detached publication");
+        tokio::time::timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(10), async {
+            while !source_head.exists() || !disk.multipart_index.publishing.lock().is_empty() {
+                tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(5)).await;
+            }
+        })
+        .await
+        .expect("the detached publication completes");
+        let page = disk
+            .multipart_index
+            .page("bucket", None, identity)
+            .await
+            .expect("page after the detached publication");
+        assert_eq!(page.roots, vec![source_root], "the upload the detached work published is listed");
+        assert!(marker.exists());
+    }
+
+    /// A page classifies a marker as stale before the publisher pins it; the
+    /// prune that follows must read the pin again under the marker lease.
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn multipart_index_prune_rechecks_the_pin_under_the_marker_lease() {
+        let root = tempfile::tempdir().expect("disk root");
+        let disk = open(root.path()).await;
+        let owner = &disk.multipart_index;
+        let directory = root.path().join(INDEX).join(sha("bucket"));
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&directory).expect("marker directory");
+        let name = format!("{:064x}", 9);
+        std::fs::write(directory.join(&name), b"1").expect("marker");
+
+        let pin = owner.pin_publication(owner.base.join(INDEX).join(sha("bucket")).join(&name));
+        owner.prune_marker("bucket", &name).await.expect("prune of a pinned marker");
+        assert!(directory.join(&name).exists(), "a publisher that pinned after the page keeps its marker");
+
+        drop(pin);
+        owner.prune_marker("bucket", &name).await.expect("prune of a leftover");
+        assert!(!directory.join(&name).exists(), "the same marker is a leftover once nobody publishes it");
+    }
+
+    /// The publisher pins before it queues on the marker lease. A prune that
+    /// holds the lease and found no pin has therefore unlinked the marker
+    /// before the publisher records it, and the record recreates it.
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread", worker_threads = 2)]
+    async fn multipart_index_publisher_pins_before_it_waits_for_the_marker_lease() {
+        let root = tempfile::tempdir().expect("disk root");
+        let disk = Arc::new(open(root.path()).await);
+        let owner = Arc::clone(&disk.multipart_index);
+        let (path, info) = upload("bucket", "queued-behind-a-prune");
+        let source_root = path.split('/').next().expect("source sha").to_owned();
+        let marker = owner.base.join(INDEX).join(sha("bucket")).join(&source_root);
+        let visible_marker = root.path().join(INDEX).join(sha("bucket")).join(&source_root);
+
+        // Stand in for a prune that owns the marker lease and already read "no pin".
+        let prune_lease = os::acquire_namespace_mutation_lease_with_owner(&marker, None).await;
+        assert!(!owner.is_publishing(&marker));
+        let writer = tokio::spawn({
+            let disk = Arc::clone(&disk);
+            let path = path.clone();
+            async move { disk.write_metadata("bucket", RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET, &path, info).await }
+        });
+        tokio::time::timeout(std::time::Duration::from_secs(5), async {
+            while !owner.is_publishing(&marker) {
+                tokio::time::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(2)).await;
+            }
+        })
+        .await
+        .expect("the publisher pins while the marker lease is still held by the prune");
+        assert!(!visible_marker.exists(), "the marker is recorded only under the lease");
+
+        drop(prune_lease);
+        writer.await.expect("writer task").expect("the upload metadata is published");
+        assert!(visible_marker.exists(), "the record after the prune recreates the marker");
+        let page = owner.page("bucket", None, Uuid::new_v4()).await.expect("page");
+        assert_eq!(page.roots, vec![source_root]);
+    }
+
+    /// Stale markers at the start of a page, at its cursor, and filling a whole
+    /// page: every page still satisfies the receiver's contract and advances.
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn multipart_index_pages_of_stale_markers_keep_valid_cursors() {
+        let root = tempfile::tempdir().expect("disk root");
+        let disk = open(root.path()).await;
+        let directory = root.path().join(INDEX).join(sha("bucket"));
+        std::fs::create_dir_all(&directory).expect("marker directory");
+        // Page one is entirely stale. Page two is live except its first name
+        // and the name its cursor lands on. Two live names follow.
+        let total = MULTIPART_INDEX_PAGE_SIZE * 2 + 2;
+        let stale = |i: usize| i <= MULTIPART_INDEX_PAGE_SIZE || i == MULTIPART_INDEX_PAGE_SIZE * 2 - 1;
+        for i in 0..total {
+            let name = format!("{i:064x}");
+            std::fs::write(directory.join(&name), b"1").expect("marker");
+            if !stale(i) {
+                std::fs::create_dir_all(root.path().join(RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET).join(&name)).expect("staging root");
+            }
+        }
+        let disk_id = Uuid::new_v4();
+        let first = disk.multipart_index.page("bucket", None, disk_id).await.expect("first page");
+        first
+            .validate("bucket", None, disk_id)
+            .expect("an empty page with a cursor validates");
+        assert!(first.roots.is_empty(), "a fully stale page has no roots");
+        let cursor = first.next_marker.clone().expect("more markers follow a fully stale page");
+        assert_eq!(cursor, format!("{:064x}", MULTIPART_INDEX_PAGE_SIZE - 1));
+
+        let second = disk
+            .multipart_index
+            .page("bucket", Some(&cursor), disk_id)
+            .await
+            .expect("second page");
+        second
+            .validate("bucket", Some(&cursor), disk_id)
+            .expect("stale first and cursor names validate");
+        assert_eq!(second.roots.len(), MULTIPART_INDEX_PAGE_SIZE - 2);
+        assert_eq!(second.roots.first(), Some(&format!("{:064x}", MULTIPART_INDEX_PAGE_SIZE + 1)));
+        let cursor = second
+            .next_marker
+            .clone()
+            .expect("the cursor is the stale last examined name");
+        assert_eq!(cursor, format!("{:064x}", MULTIPART_INDEX_PAGE_SIZE * 2 - 1));
+        assert!(second.roots.last() < Some(&cursor));
+
+        let third = disk
+            .multipart_index
+            .page("bucket", Some(&cursor), disk_id)
+            .await
+            .expect("third page");
+        third.validate("bucket", Some(&cursor), disk_id).expect("last page validates");
+        assert_eq!(third.roots.len(), 2);
+        assert!(third.next_marker.is_none());
+        let remaining = std::fs::read_dir(&directory).expect("marker directory").count();
+        assert_eq!(remaining, total - MULTIPART_INDEX_PAGE_SIZE - 2, "every stale marker is pruned");
    }

    #[tokio::test]
@@ -964,7 +1290,6 @@ mod tests {
                std::fs::create_dir_all(root.path().join(RUSTFS_META_MULTIPART_BUCKET).join(&name)).expect("staging root");
            }
        }
-        age_marker(&directory.join(&stale));
        let disk_id = Uuid::new_v4();
        let first = disk.multipart_index.page("bucket", None, disk_id).await.expect("first page");
        first
@@ -428,7 +428,6 @@ impl LocalDisk {
                let root = store.publication_root.clone();
                let lease = os::acquire_namespace_mutation_lease_with_owner(&destination, Some(store.lease.clone())).await;
                os::run_blocking_namespace_operation_with_sync(lease, true, move || {
-                    permit.validate()?;
                    os::rename_multipart_source_owned_std(&source, &destination, &base, &root, || permit.validate())
                })
                .await?;
@@ -295,10 +295,17 @@ pub(super) fn put_active_multipart_source_head(source: impl AsRef<Path>, raw: By
 }

 fn stamp_matches_active_disk(source: &Path, expected_head_stamp: FileStamp) -> bool {
-    FileStamp::from_path(&source.join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE)) == Some(expected_head_stamp)
-        && !source.join(STATE).exists()
-        && !source.join(crate::disk::MULTIPART_RECOVERY_DIR).exists()
-        && !source.join(".mpu-completions").exists()
+    if FileStamp::from_path(&source.join(STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE)) != Some(expected_head_stamp) {
+        return false;
+    }
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    if source.join(STATE).exists()
+        || source.join(crate::disk::MULTIPART_RECOVERY_DIR).exists()
+        || source.join(".mpu-completions").exists()
+    {
+        return false;
+    }
+    true
 }

 pub(super) fn get_active_multipart_source_head(source: &Path) -> Option<(Bytes, FileInfo)> {
@@ -375,7 +382,11 @@ pub(super) fn finish_active_multipart_part_transaction(
    ACTIVE_MULTIPART_SOURCE_HEADS.remove_if_mut(source, |entry| !entry.unsettled_parts.remove(&part_number));
 }

-pub(super) fn get_active_multipart_source_part(source: &Path, part_number: usize) -> Option<rustfs_filemeta::ObjectPartInfo> {
+pub(super) fn get_active_multipart_source_part_with_head(
+    source: &Path,
+    part_number: usize,
+    head_already_verified: bool,
+) -> Option<rustfs_filemeta::ObjectPartInfo> {
    let (head_stamp, data_dir, expected_stamp, part) = ACTIVE_MULTIPART_SOURCE_HEADS
        .with_get(source, |entry| {
            if !entry.unsettled_parts.is_empty() {
@@ -386,7 +397,7 @@ pub(super) fn get_active_multipart_source_part(source: &Path, part_number: usize
            Some((entry.head_stamp, data_dir, *expected_stamp, part.clone()))
        })
        .flatten()?;
-    if !stamp_matches_active_disk(source, head_stamp) {
+    if !head_already_verified && !stamp_matches_active_disk(source, head_stamp) {
        ACTIVE_MULTIPART_SOURCE_HEADS.remove(source);
        return None;
    }
@@ -609,25 +620,45 @@ impl SourceStore {
        raw: &[u8],
        terminal: Option<&Path>,
        sync_source_before: bool,
+    ) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        Self::persist_state_with_guard_std(source, base, root, raw, terminal, sync_source_before, None)
+    }
+    fn persist_state_with_guard_std(
+        source: &Path,
+        base: &Path,
+        root: &os::PublicationRoot,
+        raw: &[u8],
+        terminal: Option<&Path>,
+        sync_source_before: bool,
+        directory_guard: Option<&os::RenameCommitGuard>,
    ) -> std::io::Result<()> {
        invalidate_active_multipart_source_head(source);
-        #[cfg(unix)]
-        let mut pinned = os::pin_multipart_source_directory(source, base, root)?;
-        #[cfg(not(unix))]
+        #[cfg(not(target_os = "linux"))]
        let _pinned = os::pin_multipart_source_directory(source, base, root)?;
        if sync_source_before {
-            #[cfg(unix)]
+            #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
            {
+                let mut pinned = os::pin_multipart_source_directory(source, base, root)?;
                let opened = std::fs::File::from(pinned.pop().ok_or_else(|| IoError::other("empty source directory guard"))?);
                os::fsync_directory_handle_std(source, Some(&opened))?;
            }
+            #[cfg(all(unix, not(target_os = "linux")))]
+            {
+                let opened = std::fs::File::from(
+                    _pinned
+                        .last()
+                        .ok_or_else(|| IoError::other("empty source directory guard"))?
+                        .try_clone()?,
+                );
+                os::fsync_directory_handle_std(source, Some(&opened))?;
+            }
            #[cfg(not(unix))]
            os::fsync_dir_std(source)?;
        }
        if let Some(path) = terminal {
            os::replace_multipart_source_metadata(path, raw, base, root)?;
        }
-        os::replace_multipart_source_metadata(&source.join(STATE), raw, base, root)
+        os::replace_multipart_source_metadata_with_guard(&source.join(STATE), raw, base, root, directory_guard)
    }
    async fn write_owned_backup_and_persist(&self, owner: Uuid, target: bool, bytes: &[u8], state: &SourceState) -> Result<()> {
        if owner.is_nil() {
@@ -724,17 +755,39 @@ impl SourceStore {
        bytes: &[u8],
        sync_source_root: bool,
    ) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        Self::write_owned_backup_inner_std(source, base, root, owner, target, bytes, sync_source_root, false, true, false)
+    }
+    #[expect(clippy::too_many_arguments)]
+    fn write_owned_backup_inner_std(
+        source: &Path,
+        base: &Path,
+        root: &os::PublicationRoot,
+        owner: Uuid,
+        target: bool,
+        bytes: &[u8],
+        sync_source_root: bool,
+        fresh_owner: bool,
+        sync_parents: bool,
+        source_already_pinned: bool,
+    ) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        invalidate_active_multipart_source_head(source);
        let path = if target {
            target_backup_path(source, owner)
        } else {
            original_path(source, owner)
        };
-        let _pin = os::pin_multipart_source_directory(source, base, root)?;
+        let _pin = if source_already_pinned {
+            None
+        } else {
+            Some(os::pin_multipart_source_directory(source, base, root)?)
+        };
        let parent = path
            .parent()
            .ok_or_else(|| std::io::Error::other("source backup has no parent"))?;
        let _parents = os::mkdir_all_below_existing_base_std(parent, base, root)?;
-        let existed = if target {
+        let existed = if fresh_owner {
+            false
+        } else if target {
            match os::observe_multipart_source_metadata(&path, base, root, bytes.len() as u64) {
                Ok((length, sha)) if length == bytes.len() as u64 && sha == raw_sha(bytes) => true,
                Ok(_) => {
@@ -754,10 +807,14 @@ impl SourceStore {
        if !existed {
            os::replace_multipart_source_metadata(&path, bytes, base, root)?;
        }
-        os::sync_multipart_owned_record_parents_options(source, parent, existed, sync_source_root, base, root)
+        if sync_parents {
+            os::sync_multipart_owned_record_parents_options(source, parent, existed, sync_source_root, base, root)?;
+        }
+        Ok(())
    }
    pub async fn replace_head(&self, bytes: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
-        self.multipart_index
+        let index_pin = self
+            .multipart_index
            .record_head(&format!("{}/xl.meta", self.path), bytes)
            .await?;
        invalidate_active_multipart_source_head(&self.source);
@@ -766,6 +823,7 @@ impl SourceStore {
        let root = self.publication_root.clone();
        let bytes = bytes.to_vec();
        os::run_blocking_namespace_operation(self.lease.clone(), move || {
+            let _index_pin = index_pin;
            os::replace_multipart_source_metadata(&path, &bytes, &base, &root)
        })
        .await
@@ -2024,11 +2082,41 @@ impl NativeMultipartPublication {
            }
            let setup_res: std::io::Result<()> = (|| {
                if let Some((original_bytes, directory, anchor_bytes)) = deferred_initial {
-                    SourceStore::write_owned_backup_std(source, base, root, backup_owner, false, &original_bytes, false)?;
+                    SourceStore::write_owned_backup_inner_std(
+                        source,
+                        base,
+                        root,
+                        backup_owner,
+                        false,
+                        &original_bytes,
+                        false,
+                        true,
+                        old_metadata.is_none(),
+                        true,
+                    )?;
                    if let Some(previous) = old_metadata {
-                        SourceStore::write_owned_backup_std(source, base, root, backup_owner, true, previous, false)?;
+                        SourceStore::write_owned_backup_inner_std(
+                            source,
+                            base,
+                            root,
+                            backup_owner,
+                            true,
+                            previous,
+                            false,
+                            true,
+                            true,
+                            true,
+                        )?;
                    }
-                    SourceStore::persist_state_std(source, base, root, &next_state_raw, terminal.as_deref(), false)?;
+                    SourceStore::persist_state_with_guard_std(
+                        source,
+                        base,
+                        root,
+                        &next_state_raw,
+                        terminal.as_deref(),
+                        false,
+                        Some(directory_guard),
+                    )?;
                    let _parent = os::mkdir_all_below_existing_base_std(&directory, base, root)?;
                    os::replace_multipart_source_metadata(&directory.join(RETIREMENT_ANCHOR), &anchor_bytes, base, root)?;
                    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
@@ -2037,9 +2125,28 @@ impl NativeMultipartPublication {
                    }
                } else {
                    if let Some(previous) = old_metadata {
-                        SourceStore::write_owned_backup_std(source, base, root, backup_owner, true, previous, false)?;
+                        SourceStore::write_owned_backup_inner_std(
+                            source,
+                            base,
+                            root,
+                            backup_owner,
+                            true,
+                            previous,
+                            false,
+                            false,
+                            true,
+                            true,
+                        )?;
                    }
-                    SourceStore::persist_state_std(source, base, root, &next_state_raw, terminal.as_deref(), false)?;
+                    SourceStore::persist_state_with_guard_std(
+                        source,
+                        base,
+                        root,
+                        &next_state_raw,
+                        terminal.as_deref(),
+                        false,
+                        Some(directory_guard),
+                    )?;
                }
                Ok(())
            })();
@@ -2269,6 +2376,7 @@ impl NativeMultipartPublication {
        target_already_synced: bool,
        fused_in_place: bool,
        staging_cleanup: Option<(PathBuf, Arc<std::sync::atomic::AtomicBool>)>,
+        directory_guard: Option<&os::RenameCommitGuard>,
    ) -> Result<MultipartPublicationResult> {
        let mut state = self.state.lock().clone();
        let expected_state_raw = encode(&state)?;
@@ -2354,7 +2462,15 @@ impl NativeMultipartPublication {
                    })?;
                }
            }
-            SourceStore::persist_state_std(source, base, root, &next_state_raw, terminal.as_deref(), !fused_in_place)?;
+            SourceStore::persist_state_with_guard_std(
+                source,
+                base,
+                root,
+                &next_state_raw,
+                terminal.as_deref(),
+                !fused_in_place,
+                directory_guard,
+            )?;
            if let Some((io_path, cleaned)) = staging_cleanup {
                match std::fs::remove_dir(&io_path) {
                    Ok(()) => cleaned.store(true, std::sync::atomic::Ordering::Release),
@@ -2387,7 +2503,7 @@ impl NativeMultipartPublication {
    ) -> Result<MultipartPublicationResult> {
        let this = Arc::clone(self);
        os::run_blocking_namespace_operation_with_sync(target_lease, true, move || {
-            this.finish_on_thread(target_already_synced, false, staging_cleanup)
+            this.finish_on_thread(target_already_synced, false, staging_cleanup, None)
                .map_err(IoError::other)
        })
        .await
--- a/Show More
+++ b/Show More