remove the support menu section, are they both opening / interacting in the main window

Flip when top overflows; clamp left/right so PiP tooltips stay visible.

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -180,6 +180,8 @@ and this project adheres to
 
 - ✨(backend) monitor throttling rate failure through sentry #964
 - 🚀(paas) add PaaS deployment scripts, tested on Scalingo #957
+- ✨(feat) Introduce Picture-in-Picture (PiP) #890
+
 
 ### Changed
 

src/frontend/@types/react-aria-overlays.d.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,18 @@
+import type * as React from 'react';
+
+declare module '@react-aria/overlays' {
+  export type PortalProviderContextValue = {
+    getContainer: () => HTMLElement | null;
+  };
+
+  export type PortalProviderProps = {
+    getContainer: () => HTMLElement | null;
+    children: React.ReactNode;
+  };
+
+  export function useUNSAFE_PortalContext(): PortalProviderContextValue;
+  export function UNSAFE_PortalProvider(
+    props: PortalProviderProps,
+  ): JSX.Element;
+}
+

src/frontend/src/features/notifications/MainNotificationToast.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import { useCallback, useEffect } from 'react'
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef } from 'react'
 import { useRoomContext } from '@livekit/components-react'
 import { Participant, RemoteParticipant, RoomEvent } from 'livekit-client'
 import { ChatMessage, isMobileBrowser } from '@livekit/components-core'
@@ -16,6 +16,10 @@ import { useScreenReaderAnnounce } from '@/hooks/useScreenReaderAnnounce'
 import { Emoji } from '@/features/reactions/types'
 import { useReactions } from '@/features/reactions/hooks/useReactions'
 
+// Sliding window of recent chat ids kept for deduplication. Sized to comfortably
+// cover bursts and re-emits while staying negligible in memory.
+const MAX_TRACKED_CHAT_IDS = 16
+
 export const MainNotificationToast = () => {
   const room = useRoomContext()
   const { triggerNotificationSound } = useNotificationSound()
@@ -24,12 +28,23 @@ export const MainNotificationToast = () => {
 
   const { appendReaction } = useReactions()
 
+  // Multiple Chat instances may re-emit the same RoomEvent.ChatMessage.
+  // Dedupe against a small ring of recent ids.
+  const seenChatMsgIdsRef = useRef<string[]>([])
+
   useEffect(() => {
     const handleChatMessage = (
       chatMessage: ChatMessage,
       participant?: Participant | undefined
     ) => {
       if (!participant || participant.isLocal) return
+      const id = chatMessage.id
+      if (id) {
+        const seen = seenChatMsgIdsRef.current
+        if (seen.includes(id)) return
+        seen.push(id)
+        if (seen.length > MAX_TRACKED_CHAT_IDS) seen.shift()
+      }
       triggerNotificationSound(NotificationType.MessageReceived)
       toastQueue.add(
         {

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/DocumentPiPPortal.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,234 @@
+import { type ReactNode, useEffect, useMemo, useRef, useState } from 'react'
+import { createPortal } from 'react-dom'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import { useDocumentPiP } from '../hooks/useDocumentPiP'
+import { useScreenReaderAnnounce } from '@/hooks/useScreenReaderAnnounce'
+import { useRestoreFocus } from '@/hooks/useRestoreFocus'
+import { UNSAFE_PortalProvider } from '@react-aria/overlays'
+
+// Minimal base styles so the PiP window renders correctly on first paint.
+const ensureBaseStyles = (target: Document) => {
+  if (target.getElementById('pip-base-styles')) return
+  const style = target.createElement('style')
+  style.id = 'pip-base-styles'
+  style.textContent = `
+    html, body { margin: 0; padding: 0; height: 100%; background: #0b0f19; }
+    body { overflow: hidden; }
+    * { box-sizing: border-box; }
+  `
+  target.head.appendChild(style)
+}
+
+// Clone existing styles to keep the PiP window visually consistent.
+const copyStyles = (source: Document, target: Document) => {
+  if (target.getElementById('pip-style-clone')) return
+  const marker = target.createElement('meta')
+  marker.id = 'pip-style-clone'
+  target.head.appendChild(marker)
+
+  source.querySelectorAll('style, link[rel="stylesheet"]').forEach((node) => {
+    const cloned = node.cloneNode(true) as HTMLElement
+    target.head.appendChild(cloned)
+  })
+}
+
+const syncThemeAttribute = (source: Document, target: Document) => {
+  const theme = source.documentElement.getAttribute('data-lk-theme')
+  if (theme) {
+    target.documentElement.setAttribute('data-lk-theme', theme)
+  } else {
+    target.documentElement.removeAttribute('data-lk-theme')
+  }
+}
+
+const cssVarNameCacheByElement = new WeakMap<HTMLElement, string[]>()
+const cssVarNameCacheByUri = new Map<string, string[]>()
+
+const syncCssVariables = (source: Document, target: Document) => {
+  const sourceView = source.defaultView
+  if (!sourceView) return
+
+  const getCachedVarNames = () => {
+    const docEl = source.documentElement
+    if (!docEl) return []
+
+    const cachedByElement = cssVarNameCacheByElement.get(docEl)
+    if (cachedByElement) return cachedByElement
+
+    const cachedByUri = source.baseURI
+      ? cssVarNameCacheByUri.get(source.baseURI)
+      : undefined
+    if (cachedByUri) return cachedByUri
+
+    const varNames = new Set<string>()
+    const collectVarsFrom = (element: HTMLElement | null) => {
+      if (!element) return
+      const styles = sourceView.getComputedStyle(element)
+      for (let i = 0; i < styles.length; i += 1) {
+        const property = styles[i]
+        if (property.startsWith('--')) {
+          varNames.add(property)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+
+    collectVarsFrom(source.documentElement)
+    collectVarsFrom(source.body)
+
+    const result = Array.from(varNames)
+    cssVarNameCacheByElement.set(docEl, result)
+    if (source.baseURI) {
+      cssVarNameCacheByUri.set(source.baseURI, result)
+    }
+    return result
+  }
+
+  const varNames = getCachedVarNames()
+  if (!varNames.length) return
+
+  const rootStyles = sourceView.getComputedStyle(source.documentElement)
+  const bodyStyles = source.body
+    ? sourceView.getComputedStyle(source.body)
+    : null
+
+  varNames.forEach((property) => {
+    const bodyValue = bodyStyles?.getPropertyValue(property)
+    const value = bodyValue || rootStyles.getPropertyValue(property)
+    if (value) {
+      target.documentElement.style.setProperty(property, value)
+    }
+  })
+}
+
+/**
+ * React portal into a Document Picture-in-Picture window. Handles window
+ * lifecycle, style/theme sync and routes React Aria overlays via
+ * `UNSAFE_PortalProvider` so they render inside the PiP document.
+ */
+export const DocumentPiPPortal = ({
+  isOpen,
+  width,
+  height,
+  children,
+  onClose,
+}: {
+  isOpen: boolean
+  width?: number
+  height?: number
+  children: React.ReactNode
+  onClose?: () => void
+}): ReactNode => {
+  const { openPiP, closePiP, pipWindow, isSupported } = useDocumentPiP({
+    width,
+    height,
+  })
+  const { t } = useTranslation('rooms', {
+    keyPrefix: 'options.items.pictureInPicture',
+  })
+  const announce = useScreenReaderAnnounce()
+  const [container, setContainer] = useState<HTMLElement | null>(null)
+  const containerRef = useRef<HTMLElement | null>(null)
+  const prevOpenRef = useRef(false)
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!isOpen) {
+      closePiP()
+      setContainer(null)
+      containerRef.current = null
+      return
+    }
+
+    if (!isSupported) return
+
+    let cancelled = false
+    openPiP().then((win) => {
+      if (!win || cancelled) return
+      const doc = win.document
+      ensureBaseStyles(doc)
+      copyStyles(document, doc)
+      syncThemeAttribute(document, doc)
+      syncCssVariables(document, doc)
+
+      doc.documentElement.setAttribute('lang', document.documentElement.lang)
+      doc.title = t('windowLabel')
+
+      const existingContainer = containerRef.current
+      if (!existingContainer || existingContainer.ownerDocument !== doc) {
+        const nextContainer = doc.createElement('div')
+        nextContainer.id = 'pip-root'
+        nextContainer.style.width = '100%'
+        nextContainer.style.height = '100%'
+        nextContainer.style.display = 'flex'
+        nextContainer.style.alignItems = 'stretch'
+        nextContainer.style.justifyContent = 'center'
+        doc.body.appendChild(nextContainer)
+        containerRef.current = nextContainer
+        setContainer(nextContainer)
+      } else {
+        setContainer(existingContainer)
+      }
+    })
+
+    return () => {
+      cancelled = true
+    }
+  }, [closePiP, isOpen, isSupported, openPiP, t])
+
+  // Focus stays on the trigger; PiP is announced as an auxiliary surface.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const wasOpen = prevOpenRef.current
+    prevOpenRef.current = isOpen
+
+    if (isOpen && !wasOpen) {
+      announce(t('opened'), 'polite')
+    }
+    if (!isOpen && wasOpen) {
+      announce(t('closed'), 'polite')
+    }
+  }, [isOpen, announce, t])
+
+  useRestoreFocus(isOpen, { restoreFocusRaf: true })
+
+  // Escape from either document closes PiP (unless a nested overlay handled it).
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!isOpen) return
+    const handleKeyDown = (event: KeyboardEvent) => {
+      if (event.key !== 'Escape' || event.defaultPrevented) return
+      event.preventDefault()
+      onClose?.()
+    }
+    document.addEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown)
+    pipWindow?.document.addEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown)
+    return () => {
+      document.removeEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown)
+      pipWindow?.document.removeEventListener('keydown', handleKeyDown)
+    }
+  }, [isOpen, onClose, pipWindow])
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!pipWindow) return
+    const handleClose = () => {
+      containerRef.current = null
+      setContainer(null)
+      onClose?.()
+    }
+    pipWindow.addEventListener('pagehide', handleClose)
+    pipWindow.addEventListener('beforeunload', handleClose)
+    return () => {
+      pipWindow.removeEventListener('pagehide', handleClose)
+      pipWindow.removeEventListener('beforeunload', handleClose)
+    }
+  }, [onClose, pipWindow])
+
+  const portal = useMemo(() => {
+    if (!container) return null
+    return createPortal(
+      <UNSAFE_PortalProvider getContainer={() => container}>
+        {children}
+      </UNSAFE_PortalProvider>,
+      container
+    )
+  }, [children, container])
+
+  return portal as unknown as ReactNode
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/PipControlBar.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,122 @@
+import { styled } from '@/styled-system/jsx'
+import { useRef, useMemo, useCallback } from 'react'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import { useRegisterKeyboardShortcut } from '@/features/shortcuts/useRegisterKeyboardShortcut'
+import { findFirstFocusable } from '@/utils/dom'
+import { AudioDevicesControl } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/Device/AudioDevicesControl'
+import { VideoDeviceControl } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/Device/VideoDeviceControl'
+import { ScreenShareToggle } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/ScreenShareToggle'
+import { LeaveButton } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/LeaveButton'
+import { SubtitlesToggle } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/SubtitlesToggle'
+import { HandToggle } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/HandToggle'
+import { StartMediaButton } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/StartMediaButton'
+import { usePipElementSize } from '../hooks/usePipElementSize'
+import { PipOptionsMenu } from './controls/PipOptionsMenu'
+import { PipReactionsToggle } from './PipReactionsToggle'
+
+export type CollapsibleControl =
+  | 'hand'
+  // | 'subtitles'
+  | 'screenShare'
+  | 'reactions'
+
+const COLLAPSE_ORDER: CollapsibleControl[] = [
+  'hand',
+  // 'subtitles',
+  'screenShare',
+  'reactions',
+]
+
+const BUTTON_SLOT = 50
+const ESSENTIAL_WIDTH = 260
+
+const getHiddenControls = (
+  containerWidth: number,
+  showScreenShare: boolean
+): Set<CollapsibleControl> => {
+  const hidden = new Set<CollapsibleControl>()
+  if (containerWidth <= 0) return hidden
+
+  const collapsible = showScreenShare
+    ? COLLAPSE_ORDER
+    : COLLAPSE_ORDER.filter((c) => c !== 'screenShare')
+
+  const available = containerWidth - ESSENTIAL_WIDTH
+  const maxVisible = Math.max(0, Math.floor(available / BUTTON_SLOT))
+
+  for (let i = 0; i < collapsible.length - maxVisible; i++) {
+    hidden.add(collapsible[i])
+  }
+  return hidden
+}
+
+export const PipControlBar = ({
+  showScreenShare,
+}: {
+  showScreenShare: boolean
+}) => {
+  const containerRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+  const { width } = usePipElementSize(containerRef)
+  const { t } = useTranslation('rooms', {
+    keyPrefix: 'options.items.pictureInPicture',
+  })
+
+  const hidden = useMemo(
+    () => getHiddenControls(width, showScreenShare),
+    [width, showScreenShare]
+  )
+
+  useRegisterKeyboardShortcut({
+    id: 'focus-toolbar',
+    handler: useCallback(() => {
+      const doc = containerRef.current?.ownerDocument ?? document
+      findFirstFocusable(doc.getElementById('pip-control-bar'))?.focus()
+    }, []),
+  })
+
+  return (
+    <PipControls
+      ref={containerRef}
+      id="pip-control-bar"
+      role="toolbar"
+      aria-label={t('controlBar')}
+    >
+      <PipControlsCenter>
+        <AudioDevicesControl hideMenu />
+        <VideoDeviceControl hideMenu />
+        {!hidden.has('reactions') && <PipReactionsToggle />}
+        {showScreenShare && !hidden.has('screenShare') && <ScreenShareToggle />}
+        {/*{!hidden.has('subtitles') && <SubtitlesToggle />}*/}
+        {!hidden.has('hand') && <HandToggle />}
+        <PipOptionsMenu overflowControls={hidden} />
+        <LeaveButton />
+        <StartMediaButton />
+      </PipControlsCenter>
+    </PipControls>
+  )
+}
+
+const PipControls = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    flex: '0 0 auto',
+    display: 'flex',
+    justifyContent: 'center',
+    alignItems: 'center',
+    gap: '0.5rem',
+    padding: '0.5rem 0.75rem',
+    backgroundColor: 'primaryDark.50',
+    width: '100%',
+    position: 'relative',
+  },
+})
+
+const PipControlsCenter = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    display: 'flex',
+    flexWrap: 'nowrap',
+    justifyContent: 'center',
+    alignItems: 'center',
+    gap: '0.4rem',
+    flex: '1 1 auto',
+  },
+})

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/PipReactionsToggle.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+import { useCallback } from 'react'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import { RiEmotionLine } from '@remixicon/react'
+import { ToggleButton } from '@/primitives'
+import { useSnapshot } from 'valtio'
+import { pipLayoutStore } from '../stores/pipLayoutStore'
+import { useRegisterKeyboardShortcut } from '@/features/shortcuts/useRegisterKeyboardShortcut'
+
+export const PipReactionsToggle = () => {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('rooms', { keyPrefix: 'controls.reactions' })
+  const { showReactionsToolbar: isOpen } = useSnapshot(pipLayoutStore)
+
+  const toggle = useCallback(() => {
+    pipLayoutStore.showReactionsToolbar = !pipLayoutStore.showReactionsToolbar
+  }, [])
+
+  useRegisterKeyboardShortcut({ id: 'reaction', handler: toggle })
+
+  return (
+    <ToggleButton
+      id="pip-reactions-toggle"
+      data-attr="pip-reactions-toggle"
+      square
+      variant="primaryDark"
+      aria-label={t('button')}
+      aria-expanded={isOpen}
+      tooltip={t('button')}
+      isSelected={isOpen}
+      onChange={toggle}
+    >
+      <RiEmotionLine />
+    </ToggleButton>
+  )
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/PipReactionsToolbar.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+import { useEffect, useRef } from 'react'
+import { FocusScope } from '@react-aria/focus'
+import { styled } from '@/styled-system/jsx'
+import { useSnapshot } from 'valtio'
+import { pipLayoutStore } from '../stores/pipLayoutStore'
+import { useDelayUnmount } from '@/hooks/useDelayUnmount'
+import { usePipElementSize } from '../hooks/usePipElementSize'
+import { PipReactionsKeyboardNavigation } from './reactions/PipReactionsKeyboardNavigation'
+import { PipReactionsPill } from './reactions/PipReactionsPill'
+
+/**
+ * Reactions toolbar for the PiP window. Owns only the open/close orchestration;
+ * layout and pagination live in `PipReactionsPill`, keyboard nav in
+ * `PipReactionsKeyboardNavigation`.
+ */
+export const PipReactionsToolbar = () => {
+  const { showReactionsToolbar: isOpen } = useSnapshot(pipLayoutStore)
+  // Unmount content after the close transition so hidden emojis leave the tab order.
+  const renderContent = useDelayUnmount(isOpen, 500)
+  const contentRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+  const wrapperRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+  const { width: availableWidth } = usePipElementSize(wrapperRef)
+
+  // Mark the subtree inert during the fade-out so Tab can't land on it.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const el = contentRef.current
+    if (!el) return
+    if (isOpen) el.removeAttribute('inert')
+    else el.setAttribute('inert', '')
+  }, [isOpen, renderContent])
+
+  return (
+    <Wrapper ref={wrapperRef} isOpen={isOpen}>
+      {renderContent && (
+        <div ref={contentRef}>
+          {/* eslint-disable-next-line jsx-a11y/no-autofocus */}
+          <FocusScope autoFocus>
+            <PipReactionsKeyboardNavigation>
+              <PipReactionsPill
+                isOpen={isOpen}
+                availableWidth={availableWidth}
+              />
+            </PipReactionsKeyboardNavigation>
+          </FocusScope>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </Wrapper>
+  )
+}
+
+const Wrapper = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    display: 'flex',
+    justifyContent: 'center',
+    overflow: 'hidden',
+    maxHeight: 0,
+    padding: '0 0.5rem',
+    transition:
+      'max-height 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1), padding 0.5s cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1)',
+  },
+  variants: {
+    isOpen: {
+      true: {
+        maxHeight: '60px',
+        padding: '0.5rem 0.5rem 0.25rem',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/PipView.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,102 @@
+import { useCallback, useRef } from 'react'
+import { supportsScreenSharing } from '@livekit/components-core'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import { styled } from '@/styled-system/jsx'
+import { SidePanel } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/SidePanel'
+import { useSidePanel } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/hooks/useSidePanel'
+import { pipLayoutStore } from '../stores/pipLayoutStore'
+import { useEscapeDismiss } from '../hooks/useEscapeDismiss'
+import { usePipKeyboardShortcuts } from '../hooks/usePipKeyboardShortcuts'
+import { usePipRestoreFocus } from '../hooks/usePipRestoreFocus'
+import { PipControlBar } from './PipControlBar'
+import { PipReactionsToolbar } from './PipReactionsToolbar'
+import { PipStage } from './layouts/PipStage'
+import { PipNotificationOverlay } from './notifications/PipNotificationOverlay'
+import { PipConnectionStateToast } from './notifications/PipConnectionStateToast'
+
+export const PipView = () => {
+  const browserSupportsScreenSharing = supportsScreenSharing()
+  const { t } = useTranslation('rooms', {
+    keyPrefix: 'options.items.pictureInPicture',
+  })
+  const containerRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+  const { isSidePanelOpen, closePanel } = useSidePanel(pipLayoutStore)
+
+  // Escape closes the side panel instead of the whole PiP window.
+  useEscapeDismiss(containerRef, isSidePanelOpen, closePanel)
+
+  // Forward keyboard shortcuts (Ctrl+D, Ctrl+E, etc.) to the main store.
+  usePipKeyboardShortcuts(containerRef)
+
+  // Side panels open via a menu item that unmounts on click; fall back to the
+  // options button so focus returns somewhere visible.
+  const resolveTrigger = useCallback((activeEl: HTMLElement | null) => {
+    if (activeEl?.tagName === 'DIV') {
+      const doc = containerRef.current?.ownerDocument ?? document
+      return doc.getElementById('room-options-trigger')
+    }
+    return activeEl
+  }, [])
+  usePipRestoreFocus(containerRef, isSidePanelOpen, { resolveTrigger })
+
+  return (
+    <PipContainer
+      ref={containerRef}
+      role="region"
+      aria-label={t('windowLabel')}
+    >
+      <PipStage />
+      <PipReactionsToolbar />
+      <PipControlBar showScreenShare={browserSupportsScreenSharing} />
+      <SidePanel store={pipLayoutStore} />
+      <OverlayStack>
+        <PipConnectionStateToast />
+        <PipNotificationOverlay />
+      </OverlayStack>
+    </PipContainer>
+  )
+}
+
+const OverlayStack = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    position: 'absolute',
+    top: '0.5rem',
+    left: '0.5rem',
+    right: '0.5rem',
+    display: 'flex',
+    flexDirection: 'column',
+    alignItems: 'center',
+    gap: '0.375rem',
+    pointerEvents: 'none',
+    zIndex: 1000,
+    '& > *': { pointerEvents: 'auto' },
+  },
+})
+
+const PipContainer = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    position: 'relative',
+    width: '100%',
+    height: '100%',
+    display: 'grid',
+    gridTemplateRows: 'minmax(0, 1fr) auto auto',
+    backgroundColor: 'primaryDark.50',
+    // Disable LiveKit's own border-radius on tiles so our containers
+    // (GridCell, Thumbnail, StageFrame) own the clipping exclusively.
+    '--lk-border-radius': '4px',
+    '& .lk-participant-tile': {
+      height: '100%',
+    },
+    '& .lk-participant-media': {
+      height: '100%',
+    },
+    '& .lk-participant-media-video': {
+      height: '100%',
+      objectFit: 'cover',
+    },
+    '& .lk-grid-layout': {
+      height: '100%',
+      width: '100%',
+    },
+  },
+})

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/RoomPiP.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,30 @@
+import { useEffect, type ReactNode } from 'react'
+
+import { roomPiPStore } from '@/stores/roomPiP'
+import { DocumentPiPPortal } from './DocumentPiPPortal'
+import { PipView } from './PipView'
+import { useRoomPiP } from '../hooks/useRoomPiP'
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper that mounts the PiP UI when room-level PiP state is enabled.
+ * Bridges Valtio-backed PiP state with DocumentPiPPortal and PipView rendering.
+ * PiP panel state is decoupled via explicit pipLayoutStore injection.
+ */
+export const RoomPiP = (): ReactNode => {
+  const { isOpen, close } = useRoomPiP()
+
+  // Reset PiP state on unmount (e.g. leaving the room) so the next session
+  // starts with PiP closed and doesn't try to auto-reopen without a user gesture.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    return () => {
+      roomPiPStore.isOpen = false
+    }
+  }, [])
+
+  const portal = DocumentPiPPortal({
+    isOpen,
+    onClose: close,
+    children: <PipView />,
+  })
+  return portal as ReactNode
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/controls/PipOptionsMenu.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+import { useEffect, useRef, useState } from 'react'
+import { RiMoreFill } from '@remixicon/react'
+import { FocusScope } from '@react-aria/focus'
+import { Box, Button } from '@/primitives'
+import { css } from '@/styled-system/css'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import { PipOptionsMenuItems } from './PipOptionsMenuItems'
+import { useEscapeDismiss } from '@/features/pip/hooks/useEscapeDismiss'
+import type { CollapsibleControl } from '../PipControlBar'
+
+type PipOptionsMenuProps = {
+  overflowControls?: Set<CollapsibleControl>
+}
+
+/**
+ * PiP-native options menu. The shared `Menu` primitive mis-positions its
+ * popover and loses focus across documents, so we drive open/close, focus
+ * and dismissal ourselves.
+ */
+export const PipOptionsMenu = ({ overflowControls }: PipOptionsMenuProps) => {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('rooms')
+  const wrapperRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+  const triggerRef = useRef<HTMLButtonElement>(null)
+  const [isOpen, setIsOpen] = useState(false)
+  const label = t('options.buttonLabel')
+
+  useEscapeDismiss(wrapperRef, isOpen, () => {
+    setIsOpen(false)
+    requestAnimationFrame(() => triggerRef.current?.focus())
+  })
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!isOpen) return
+    const doc = wrapperRef.current?.ownerDocument ?? document
+
+    const handleMenuItemClick = (event: MouseEvent) => {
+      const target = event.target as HTMLElement | null
+      const wrapper = wrapperRef.current
+      if (!wrapper || !target) return
+      if (wrapper.querySelector('button')?.contains(target)) return
+      if (target.closest('[role="menuitem"]')) {
+        requestAnimationFrame(() => {
+          setIsOpen(false)
+          triggerRef.current?.focus()
+        })
+      }
+    }
+
+    const handleOutsideClick = (event: MouseEvent) => {
+      const target = event.target as HTMLElement | null
+      const wrapper = wrapperRef.current
+      if (!wrapper || !target) return
+      if (wrapper.contains(target)) return
+      setIsOpen(false)
+    }
+
+    doc.addEventListener('click', handleMenuItemClick, true)
+    doc.addEventListener('mousedown', handleOutsideClick, true)
+    return () => {
+      doc.removeEventListener('click', handleMenuItemClick, true)
+      doc.removeEventListener('mousedown', handleOutsideClick, true)
+    }
+  }, [isOpen])
+
+  return (
+    <div
+      ref={wrapperRef}
+      className={css({
+        position: 'relative',
+      })}
+    >
+      <Button
+        ref={triggerRef}
+        id="room-options-trigger"
+        square
+        variant="primaryDark"
+        aria-label={label}
+        aria-haspopup="menu"
+        aria-expanded={isOpen}
+        tooltip={label}
+        onPress={() => setIsOpen(!isOpen)}
+      >
+        <RiMoreFill />
+      </Button>
+      {isOpen && (
+        <div
+          className={css({
+            position: 'absolute',
+            left: '50%',
+            bottom: 'calc(100% + 0.85rem)',
+            transform: 'translateX(-50%)',
+            zIndex: 10,
+          })}
+        >
+          {/* eslint-disable-next-line jsx-a11y/no-autofocus */}
+          <FocusScope autoFocus>
+            <Box size="sm" type="popover" variant="dark">
+              <PipOptionsMenuItems overflowControls={overflowControls} />
+            </Box>
+          </FocusScope>
+        </div>
+      )}
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/controls/PipOptionsMenuItems.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import { Menu as RACMenu, MenuSection } from 'react-aria-components'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import { Separator } from '@/primitives/Separator'
+import { FeedbackMenuItem } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/Options/FeedbackMenuItem'
+import { EffectsMenuItem } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/Options/EffectsMenuItem'
+import { SupportMenuItem } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/Options/SupportMenuItem'
+import { PictureInPictureMenuItem } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/Options/PictureInPictureMenuItem'
+import { pipLayoutStore } from '@/features/pip/stores/pipLayoutStore'
+import { PipOverflowItems } from './PipOverflowItems'
+import type { CollapsibleControl } from '../PipControlBar'
+
+type PipOptionsMenuItemsProps = {
+  overflowControls?: Set<CollapsibleControl>
+}
+
+export const PipOptionsMenuItems = ({
+  overflowControls,
+}: PipOptionsMenuItemsProps) => {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('rooms')
+  const hasOverflow = overflowControls && overflowControls.size > 0
+
+  return (
+    <RACMenu
+      style={{
+        minWidth: '150px',
+        width: '300px',
+      }}
+    >
+      {hasOverflow && (
+        <>
+          <MenuSection>
+            <PipOverflowItems overflowControls={overflowControls} t={t} />
+          </MenuSection>
+          <Separator />
+        </>
+      )}
+      <MenuSection>
+        <PictureInPictureMenuItem />
+        <EffectsMenuItem store={pipLayoutStore} />
+      </MenuSection>
+      <Separator />
+      {/*<MenuSection>*/}
+      {/*  <SupportMenuItem />*/}
+      {/*  <FeedbackMenuItem />*/}
+      {/*</MenuSection>*/}
+    </RACMenu>
+  )
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/controls/PipOverflowItems.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+import { MenuItem } from 'react-aria-components'
+import {
+  RiHand,
+  RiClosedCaptioningLine,
+  RiArrowUpLine,
+  RiEmotionLine,
+} from '@remixicon/react'
+import { TFunction } from 'i18next'
+import { pipLayoutStore } from '@/features/pip/stores/pipLayoutStore'
+import { menuRecipe } from '@/primitives/menuRecipe'
+import { useRoomContext } from '@livekit/components-react'
+import { useRaisedHand } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/hooks/useRaisedHand'
+import { useSubtitles } from '@/features/subtitle/hooks/useSubtitles'
+import { useAreSubtitlesAvailable } from '@/features/subtitle/hooks/useAreSubtitlesAvailable'
+import { useSnapshot } from 'valtio'
+import type { CollapsibleControl } from '../PipControlBar'
+
+type PipOverflowItemsProps = {
+  overflowControls: Set<CollapsibleControl>
+  t: TFunction<'rooms'>
+}
+
+export const PipOverflowItems = ({
+  overflowControls,
+  t,
+}: PipOverflowItemsProps) => {
+  const room = useRoomContext()
+  const { isHandRaised, toggleRaisedHand } = useRaisedHand({
+    participant: room.localParticipant,
+  })
+  const { areSubtitlesOpen, toggleSubtitles } = useSubtitles()
+  const areSubtitlesAvailable = useAreSubtitlesAvailable()
+  const pipSnap = useSnapshot(pipLayoutStore)
+  const toggleReactions = () => {
+    pipLayoutStore.showReactionsToolbar = !pipSnap.showReactionsToolbar
+  }
+  const itemClass = menuRecipe({ icon: true, variant: 'dark' }).item
+
+  return (
+    <>
+      {overflowControls.has('reactions') && (
+        <MenuItem onAction={toggleReactions} className={itemClass}>
+          <RiEmotionLine size={20} />
+          {t('controls.reactions.button')}
+        </MenuItem>
+      )}
+      {overflowControls.has('screenShare') && (
+        <MenuItem
+          onAction={() => {
+            /* screen share requires track toggle, handled externally */
+          }}
+          className={itemClass}
+        >
+          <RiArrowUpLine size={20} />
+          {t('controls.screenShare.start')}
+        </MenuItem>
+      )}
+      {/*{overflowControls.has('subtitles') && areSubtitlesAvailable && (*/}
+      {/*  <MenuItem onAction={toggleSubtitles} className={itemClass}>*/}
+      {/*    <RiClosedCaptioningLine size={20} />*/}
+      {/*    {areSubtitlesOpen*/}
+      {/*      ? t('controls.subtitles.open')*/}
+      {/*      : t('controls.subtitles.closed')}*/}
+      {/*  </MenuItem>*/}
+      {/*)}*/}
+      {overflowControls.has('hand') && (
+        <MenuItem onAction={toggleRaisedHand} className={itemClass}>
+          <RiHand size={20} />
+          {isHandRaised ? t('controls.hand.lower') : t('controls.hand.raise')}
+        </MenuItem>
+      )}
+    </>
+  )
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/layouts/PipFocusLayout.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+import { memo } from 'react'
+import type { TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder } from '@livekit/components-core'
+import { styled } from '@/styled-system/jsx'
+import { ParticipantTile } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/ParticipantTile'
+import { getTrackKey } from '../../utils/pipTrackSelection'
+
+type PipFocusLayoutProps = {
+  mainTrack: TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder
+  thumbnailTrack?: TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder
+}
+
+/**
+ * Focus layout used when 1-2 tracks are visible in the PiP window.
+ *
+ * The main tile is letterboxed (object-fit: contain) so the camera is
+ * never stretched to a non-video aspect and leaves dark padding
+ * above/below when the window shape doesn't match the source.
+ * The thumbnail keeps the usual cover fill.
+ */
+export const PipFocusLayout = memo(
+  ({ mainTrack, thumbnailTrack }: PipFocusLayoutProps) => {
+    return (
+      <FocusContainer>
+        <MainSlot>
+          <ParticipantTile
+            key={getTrackKey(mainTrack)}
+            trackRef={mainTrack}
+            disableMetadata
+          />
+        </MainSlot>
+        {thumbnailTrack && (
+          <Thumbnail>
+            <ParticipantTile
+              key={getTrackKey(thumbnailTrack)}
+              trackRef={thumbnailTrack}
+              disableMetadata
+            />
+          </Thumbnail>
+        )}
+      </FocusContainer>
+    )
+  }
+)
+PipFocusLayout.displayName = 'PipFocusLayout'
+
+const FocusContainer = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    position: 'relative',
+    width: '100%',
+    height: '100%',
+    borderRadius: '4px',
+    overflow: 'hidden',
+    backgroundColor: 'primaryDark.100',
+  },
+})
+
+const MainSlot = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    width: '100%',
+    height: '100%',
+    '& .lk-participant-media-video': {
+      objectFit: 'contain',
+    },
+  },
+})
+
+const Thumbnail = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    position: 'absolute',
+    right: '1rem',
+    bottom: '1rem',
+    width: '42%',
+    maxWidth: '220px',
+    minWidth: '140px',
+    aspectRatio: '16 / 9',
+    borderRadius: '4px',
+    overflow: 'hidden',
+    boxShadow: 'md',
+    zIndex: 2,
+  },
+})

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/layouts/PipGridLayout.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+import { memo, useMemo, useRef } from 'react'
+import type { TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder } from '@livekit/components-core'
+import { styled } from '@/styled-system/jsx'
+import { ParticipantTile } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/components/ParticipantTile'
+import { usePipElementSize } from '../../hooks/usePipElementSize'
+import { usePipFlipAnimations } from '../../hooks/usePipFlipAnimations'
+import { computePipGridLayout } from '../../utils/pipGrid'
+import { getTrackKey } from '../../utils/pipTrackSelection'
+
+type PipGridLayoutProps = {
+  tracks: TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder[]
+}
+
+/**
+ * Adaptive grid used when 3+ tracks are visible in the PiP window.
+ *
+ * All grid math (shape choice + partial-row stretching) is delegated to
+ * `computePipGridLayout`. This component only measures the container,
+ * applies the returned placements, and plays a FLIP animation when the
+ * tile set or grid shape changes (participant joins/leaves or shape shift).
+ *
+ * Tiles keep a stable key so resizing never remounts <video> elements.
+ */
+export const PipGridLayout = memo(({ tracks }: PipGridLayoutProps) => {
+  const containerRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+  const { width, height } = usePipElementSize(containerRef)
+
+  const tileKeys = useMemo(() => tracks.map(getTrackKey), [tracks])
+
+  const { rows, subColumns, placements } = useMemo(
+    () => computePipGridLayout(tracks.length, width, height),
+    [tracks.length, width, height]
+  )
+
+  const gridStyle = useMemo(
+    () => ({
+      gridTemplateColumns: `repeat(${subColumns}, minmax(0, 1fr))`,
+      gridTemplateRows: `repeat(${rows}, minmax(0, 1fr))`,
+    }),
+    [subColumns, rows]
+  )
+
+  usePipFlipAnimations(containerRef, tileKeys)
+
+  return (
+    <GridContainer ref={containerRef} style={gridStyle}>
+      {tracks.map((track, index) => (
+        <GridCell key={tileKeys[index]} style={placements[index]}>
+          <ParticipantTile trackRef={track} disableMetadata />
+        </GridCell>
+      ))}
+    </GridContainer>
+  )
+})
+PipGridLayout.displayName = 'PipGridLayout'
+
+const GridContainer = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    width: '100%',
+    height: '100%',
+    display: 'grid',
+    gap: '0.25rem',
+  },
+})
+
+const GridCell = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    position: 'relative',
+    minWidth: 0,
+    minHeight: 0,
+    borderRadius: '4px',
+    overflow: 'hidden',
+    backgroundColor: 'primaryDark.100',
+    // Paint on own layer so FLIP transforms don't trigger layout thrash.
+    willChange: 'transform',
+    '& .lk-participant-tile': {
+      width: '100%',
+      height: '100%',
+    },
+  },
+})

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/layouts/PipStage.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+import { useEffect, useMemo, useRef } from 'react'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import { useTracks } from '@livekit/components-react'
+import { Track } from 'livekit-client'
+import { styled } from '@/styled-system/jsx'
+import {
+  isCameraTrack,
+  pickLocalCameraTrack,
+  pickRemoteCameraTrack,
+  pickScreenShareTrack,
+} from '../../utils/pipTrackSelection'
+import { PipFocusLayout } from './PipFocusLayout'
+import { PipGridLayout } from './PipGridLayout'
+
+/**
+ * Above this count the PiP stage switches from the focus layout
+ * (main + thumbnail) to the adaptive grid layout.
+ */
+const FOCUS_MAX_TILES = 2
+
+// Handles which layout to render inside the PiP stage.
+
+export const PipStage = () => {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('rooms', {
+    keyPrefix: 'options.items.pictureInPicture',
+  })
+  const tracks = useTracks(
+    [
+      { source: Track.Source.Camera, withPlaceholder: true },
+      { source: Track.Source.ScreenShare, withPlaceholder: false },
+    ],
+    { onlySubscribed: false }
+  )
+
+  const screenShareTrack = useMemo(() => pickScreenShareTrack(tracks), [tracks])
+
+  // Order the list so the "focus target" (screen share when available,
+  // otherwise a remote camera) is first. Both layouts consume this order.
+  const stageTracks = useMemo(() => {
+    const cameraTracks = tracks.filter(isCameraTrack)
+    if (!screenShareTrack) return cameraTracks
+    return [screenShareTrack, ...cameraTracks]
+  }, [tracks, screenShareTrack])
+
+  // avoid tabbing to the stage when it's not visible
+  const frameRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+  useEffect(() => {
+    frameRef.current?.setAttribute('inert', '')
+  }, [])
+
+  if (stageTracks.length === 0) return null
+
+  const stageLabel = t('stage')
+
+  if (stageTracks.length > FOCUS_MAX_TILES) {
+    return (
+      <StageFrame ref={frameRef} role="region" aria-label={stageLabel}>
+        <PipGridLayout tracks={stageTracks} />
+      </StageFrame>
+    )
+  }
+
+  const localCameraTrack = pickLocalCameraTrack(stageTracks)
+  const remoteCameraTrack = pickRemoteCameraTrack(stageTracks)
+  const mainTrack = screenShareTrack ?? remoteCameraTrack ?? stageTracks[0]
+  const thumbnailTrack =
+    localCameraTrack && localCameraTrack !== mainTrack
+      ? localCameraTrack
+      : stageTracks.find((track) => track !== mainTrack)
+
+  return (
+    <StageFrame ref={frameRef} role="region" aria-label={stageLabel}>
+      <PipFocusLayout mainTrack={mainTrack} thumbnailTrack={thumbnailTrack} />
+    </StageFrame>
+  )
+}
+
+const StageFrame = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    position: 'relative',
+    minWidth: 0,
+    minHeight: 0,
+    margin: '0.5rem',
+    borderRadius: '4px',
+    overflow: 'hidden',
+  },
+})

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/notifications/PipConnectionStateToast.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import { useConnectionState, useRoomContext } from '@livekit/components-react'
+import { ConnectionState } from 'livekit-client'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import { styled } from '@/styled-system/jsx'
+
+/**
+ * Banner surfaced inside the PiP when the room connection degrades.
+ *
+ * Scoped to `Reconnecting` / `Disconnected` - the two states the user needs
+ * to see while their attention is on the PiP rather than the main window.
+ */
+export const PipConnectionStateToast = () => {
+  const room = useRoomContext()
+  const state = useConnectionState(room)
+  const { t } = useTranslation('rooms', {
+    keyPrefix: 'options.items.pictureInPicture.connection',
+  })
+
+  const connectionLabels: Partial<Record<ConnectionState, string>> = {
+    [ConnectionState.Reconnecting]: t('reconnecting'),
+    [ConnectionState.Disconnected]: t('disconnected'),
+  }
+  const label = connectionLabels[state] ?? null
+
+  if (!label) return null
+
+  return <Banner role="status">{label}</Banner>
+}
+
+const Banner = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    backgroundColor: 'greyscale.800',
+    color: 'white',
+    fontSize: '0.8125rem',
+    lineHeight: 1.3,
+    padding: '0.375rem 0.75rem',
+    borderRadius: '6px',
+    boxShadow:
+      'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4) 0px 2px 6px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25) 0px 4px 12px 2px',
+    animation: 'fade 200ms',
+    '@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)': {
+      animation: 'none',
+    },
+  },
+})

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/notifications/PipNotificationOverlay.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import { useToastQueue } from '@react-stately/toast'
+import { RiCloseLine } from '@remixicon/react'
+import { styled } from '@/styled-system/jsx'
+import { Button } from '@/primitives'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import {
+  toastQueue,
+  type ToastData,
+} from '@/features/notifications/components/ToastProvider'
+import { PipToastBody } from './PipToastBody'
+
+/**
+ * Shows shared toasts in the PiP window.
+ * We use a local aria-live region so screen readers can read them in PiP.
+ */
+const MAX_VISIBLE = 3
+
+export const PipNotificationOverlay = () => {
+  const state = useToastQueue<ToastData>(toastQueue)
+  const { t } = useTranslation('rooms', {
+    keyPrefix: 'options.items.pictureInPicture',
+  })
+
+  if (state.visibleToasts.length === 0) return null
+
+  const toasts = state.visibleToasts.slice(0, MAX_VISIBLE)
+
+  return (
+    <Region
+      role="region"
+      aria-label={t('notificationsLabel')}
+      aria-live="polite"
+    >
+      {toasts.map((toast) => (
+        <ToastCard key={toast.key} aria-atomic="true">
+          <PipToastBody toast={toast} />
+          <Button
+            square
+            size="sm"
+            invisible
+            aria-label={t('dismissNotification')}
+            onPress={() => state.close(toast.key)}
+          >
+            <RiCloseLine size={16} color="white" aria-hidden="true" />
+          </Button>
+        </ToastCard>
+      ))}
+    </Region>
+  )
+}
+
+const Region = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    display: 'flex',
+    flexDirection: 'column',
+    gap: '0.375rem',
+    alignItems: 'center',
+    width: '100%',
+  },
+})
+
+const ToastCard = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    display: 'flex',
+    alignItems: 'center',
+    gap: '0.25rem',
+    maxWidth: '100%',
+    backgroundColor: 'greyscale.700',
+    color: 'white',
+    borderRadius: '6px',
+    boxShadow:
+      'rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.4) 0px 2px 6px 0px, rgba(0, 0, 0, 0.25) 0px 4px 12px 2px',
+    paddingRight: '0.25rem',
+    animation: 'fade 200ms',
+    '@media (prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)': {
+      animation: 'none',
+    },
+  },
+})

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/notifications/PipToastBody.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,119 @@
+import type { QueuedToast } from '@react-stately/toast'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import { RiHand, RiMessage2Line } from '@remixicon/react'
+import type { ReactNode } from 'react'
+import { css } from '@/styled-system/css'
+import { HStack } from '@/styled-system/jsx'
+import { NotificationType } from '@/features/notifications/NotificationType'
+import type { ToastData } from '@/features/notifications/components/ToastProvider'
+import { RecordingMode } from '@/features/recording'
+
+type Props = {
+  toast: QueuedToast<ToastData>
+}
+
+/**
+ * Renders the toast content used in PiP.
+ * PiP stays display-only, so main-window actions are not shown here.
+ */
+export const PipToastBody = ({ toast }: Props) => {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('notifications')
+  const { type, participant, message, removedSources } = toast.content
+  const name = participant?.name || t('defaultName')
+
+  switch (type) {
+    case NotificationType.ParticipantJoined:
+      return <Line>{t('joined.description', { name })}</Line>
+
+    case NotificationType.ParticipantMuted:
+      return <Line>{t('muted', { name })}</Line>
+
+    case NotificationType.HandRaised:
+      return (
+        <Line>
+          <RiHand
+            size={16}
+            color="white"
+            className={iconStyle}
+            aria-hidden="true"
+          />
+          {t('raised.description', { name })}
+        </Line>
+      )
+
+    case NotificationType.MessageReceived:
+      return (
+        <Line>
+          <RiMessage2Line
+            size={16}
+            color="white"
+            className={iconStyle}
+            aria-hidden="true"
+          />
+          <span>
+            <strong>{name}</strong>
+            {message ? ` - ${message}` : null}
+          </span>
+        </Line>
+      )
+
+    case NotificationType.TranscriptionStarted:
+      return <Line>{t('transcript.started', { name })}</Line>
+    case NotificationType.TranscriptionStopped:
+      return <Line>{t('transcript.stopped', { name })}</Line>
+    case NotificationType.TranscriptionLimitReached:
+      return <Line>{t('transcript.limitReached')}</Line>
+    case NotificationType.TranscriptionRequested:
+      return <Line>{t('transcript.requested', { name })}</Line>
+
+    case NotificationType.ScreenRecordingStarted:
+      return <Line>{t('screenRecording.started', { name })}</Line>
+    case NotificationType.ScreenRecordingStopped:
+      return <Line>{t('screenRecording.stopped', { name })}</Line>
+    case NotificationType.ScreenRecordingLimitReached:
+      return <Line>{t('screenRecording.limitReached')}</Line>
+    case NotificationType.ScreenRecordingRequested:
+      return <Line>{t('screenRecording.requested', { name })}</Line>
+
+    case NotificationType.RecordingSaving: {
+      const mode = toast.content.mode as RecordingMode | undefined
+      const key =
+        mode === RecordingMode.ScreenRecording
+          ? 'recordingSave.screenRecording.default'
+          : 'recordingSave.transcript.default'
+      return <Line>{t(key)}</Line>
+    }
+
+    case NotificationType.PermissionsRemoved: {
+      const key = resolvePermissionsKey(removedSources)
+      if (!key) return null
+      return <Line>{t(`permissionsRemoved.${key}`)}</Line>
+    }
+
+    default:
+      return message ? <Line>{message}</Line> : null
+  }
+}
+
+const resolvePermissionsKey = (sources: unknown): string | null => {
+  if (!Array.isArray(sources) || sources.length === 0) return null
+  if (sources.length === 1) return sources[0] as string
+  if (sources.includes('screen_share')) return 'screen_share'
+  return null
+}
+
+const Line = ({ children }: { children: ReactNode }) => (
+  <HStack
+    alignItems="center"
+    gap="0.5rem"
+    padding="0.625rem 0.75rem"
+    className={css({
+      fontSize: '0.8125rem',
+      lineHeight: 1.3,
+    })}
+  >
+    {children}
+  </HStack>
+)
+
+const iconStyle = css({ flexShrink: 0 })

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/reactions/PipReactionsKeyboardNavigation.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+import { useRef, type ReactNode } from 'react'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import { useFocusManager } from '@react-aria/focus'
+import { findFirstFocusable } from '@/utils/dom'
+import { pipLayoutStore } from '@/features/pip/stores/pipLayoutStore'
+import { useEscapeDismiss } from '@/features/pip/hooks/useEscapeDismiss'
+
+const REACTIONS_TOGGLE_ID = 'pip-reactions-toggle'
+const CONTROL_BAR_ID = 'pip-control-bar'
+
+const closeToolbar = () => {
+  pipLayoutStore.showReactionsToolbar = false
+}
+
+/** Keyboard navigation for the PiP reactions toolbar (mirrors the main app). */
+export const PipReactionsKeyboardNavigation = ({
+  children,
+}: {
+  children: ReactNode
+}) => {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('rooms', { keyPrefix: 'controls.reactions' })
+  const focusManager = useFocusManager()
+  const rootRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+
+  useEscapeDismiss(rootRef, true, () => {
+    const doc = rootRef.current?.ownerDocument ?? document
+    doc.getElementById(REACTIONS_TOGGLE_ID)?.focus()
+    closeToolbar()
+  })
+
+  const onFocus = (event: React.FocusEvent<HTMLDivElement>) => {
+    const fromOutside = !event.currentTarget.contains(event.relatedTarget)
+    if (fromOutside) focusManager?.focusFirst()
+  }
+
+  const onKeyDown = (event: React.KeyboardEvent<HTMLDivElement>) => {
+    switch (event.key) {
+      case 'ArrowRight':
+        focusManager?.focusNext({ wrap: true })
+        break
+      case 'ArrowLeft':
+        focusManager?.focusPrevious({ wrap: true })
+        break
+      case 'Tab':
+        if (!event.shiftKey) {
+          event.preventDefault()
+          const doc = rootRef.current?.ownerDocument ?? document
+          findFirstFocusable(doc.getElementById(CONTROL_BAR_ID))?.focus()
+        }
+        break
+    }
+  }
+
+  return (
+    <div
+      ref={rootRef}
+      role="toolbar"
+      aria-label={t('toolbar')}
+      onFocus={onFocus}
+      onKeyDown={onKeyDown}
+    >
+      {children}
+    </div>
+  )
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/components/reactions/PipReactionsPill.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,160 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useMemo, useState } from 'react'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import { RiArrowLeftSLine, RiArrowRightSLine } from '@remixicon/react'
+import { styled } from '@/styled-system/jsx'
+import { ReactionButton } from '@/features/reactions/components/toolbar/ReactionButton'
+import {
+  computeReactionsPage,
+  getMaxPageStart,
+} from '../../utils/pipReactionsPagination'
+
+type Props = { isOpen: boolean; availableWidth: number }
+
+/**
+ * Paginated emoji pill with animated entry/exit. Responsibility: layout the
+ * visible emojis for the currently available width and expose prev/next arrows.
+ */
+export const PipReactionsPill = ({ isOpen, availableWidth }: Props) => {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('rooms', {
+    keyPrefix: 'options.items.pictureInPicture',
+  })
+  const [isVisible, setIsVisible] = useState(false)
+  const [pageStart, setPageStart] = useState(0)
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!isOpen) {
+      setIsVisible(false)
+      return
+    }
+    const id = requestAnimationFrame(() => setIsVisible(true))
+    return () => cancelAnimationFrame(id)
+  }, [isOpen])
+
+  const { visibleEmojis, hasOverflow, canGoLeft, canGoRight, visibleCount } =
+    useMemo(
+      () => computeReactionsPage(availableWidth, pageStart),
+      [availableWidth, pageStart]
+    )
+
+  // Clamp pageStart if the window was resized and the current page no longer fits.
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!hasOverflow) {
+      setPageStart(0)
+      return
+    }
+    const maxStart = getMaxPageStart(visibleCount)
+    if (pageStart > maxStart) setPageStart(maxStart)
+  }, [hasOverflow, pageStart, visibleCount])
+
+  const paginate = useCallback((direction: 'left' | 'right') => {
+    setPageStart((current) =>
+      direction === 'left' ? Math.max(0, current - 1) : current + 1
+    )
+  }, [])
+
+  return (
+    <Pill isVisible={isVisible}>
+      {hasOverflow && (
+        <ArrowSlot>
+          {canGoLeft && (
+            <ArrowButton
+              type="button"
+              onClick={() => paginate('left')}
+              aria-label={t('previousReactions')}
+            >
+              <RiArrowLeftSLine size={16} />
+            </ArrowButton>
+          )}
+        </ArrowSlot>
+      )}
+      <EmojiRow>
+        {visibleEmojis.map((emoji) => (
+          <ReactionButton key={emoji} emoji={emoji} />
+        ))}
+      </EmojiRow>
+      {hasOverflow && (
+        <ArrowSlot>
+          {canGoRight && (
+            <ArrowButton
+              type="button"
+              onClick={() => paginate('right')}
+              aria-label={t('nextReactions')}
+            >
+              <RiArrowRightSLine size={16} />
+            </ArrowButton>
+          )}
+        </ArrowSlot>
+      )}
+    </Pill>
+  )
+}
+
+const Pill = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    display: 'flex',
+    alignItems: 'center',
+    gap: '0.2rem',
+    borderRadius: '21px',
+    padding: '0.15rem',
+    backgroundColor: 'primaryDark.100',
+    maxWidth: '100%',
+    overflow: 'hidden',
+    width: 'fit-content',
+    opacity: 0,
+    transform: 'translateY(3.25rem)',
+    transition: 'opacity, transform',
+    transitionDuration: '0.5s',
+    transitionTimingFunction: 'cubic-bezier(0.4, 0, 0.2, 1)',
+    pointerEvents: 'none',
+  },
+  variants: {
+    isVisible: {
+      true: {
+        opacity: 1,
+        transform: 'translateY(0)',
+        pointerEvents: 'auto',
+      },
+    },
+  },
+})
+
+const EmojiRow = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    display: 'flex',
+    gap: '0.2rem',
+    '& > *': {
+      flexShrink: 0,
+    },
+  },
+})
+
+const ArrowSlot = styled('div', {
+  base: {
+    width: '32px',
+    minWidth: '32px',
+    display: 'flex',
+    alignItems: 'center',
+    justifyContent: 'center',
+  },
+})
+
+const ArrowButton = styled('button', {
+  base: {
+    flexShrink: 0,
+    display: 'flex',
+    alignItems: 'center',
+    justifyContent: 'center',
+    width: '28px',
+    height: '28px',
+    borderRadius: '50%',
+    border: 'none',
+    backgroundColor: 'primaryDark.200',
+    color: 'white',
+    cursor: 'pointer',
+    opacity: 0.85,
+    _hover: {
+      opacity: 1,
+      backgroundColor: 'primaryDark.300',
+    },
+  },
+})

src/frontend/src/features/pip/hooks/useDocumentPiP.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,107 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useRef, useState } from 'react'
+
+type DocumentPictureInPicture = {
+  requestWindow: (options?: {
+    width?: number
+    height?: number
+  }) => Promise<Window>
+}
+
+type WindowWithDocumentPiP = Window & {
+  documentPictureInPicture?: DocumentPictureInPicture
+}
+
+export const useDocumentPiP = ({
+  width = 400,
+  height = 480,
+}: {
+  width?: number
+  height?: number
+} = {}) => {
+  const [pipWindow, setPipWindow] = useState<Window | null>(null)
+  const pipWindowRef = useRef<Window | null>(null)
+  const pendingPiPRef = useRef<Promise<Window | null> | null>(null)
+
+  const [isSupported] = useState(() => {
+    if (typeof globalThis === 'undefined') return false
+    return 'documentPictureInPicture' in globalThis
+  })
+
+  const openPiP = useCallback(async () => {
+    if (!isSupported) return null
+    const existingWindow = pipWindowRef.current
+    if (existingWindow && !existingWindow.closed) return existingWindow
+
+    if (pendingPiPRef.current) return pendingPiPRef.current
+
+    // Request a new PiP window from the browser API.
+    const pip = (globalThis as unknown as WindowWithDocumentPiP)
+      .documentPictureInPicture
+    if (!pip) return null
+
+    const requestPromise = (async () => {
+      try {
+        const win = await pip.requestWindow({ width, height })
+        const currentWindow = pipWindowRef.current
+        if (currentWindow && !currentWindow.closed) return currentWindow
+        setPipWindow(win)
+        return win
+      } catch (error) {
+        // Avoid unhandled rejections if the user blocks or closes the request.
+        console.error('Failed to open Picture-in-Picture window', error)
+        return null
+      } finally {
+        pendingPiPRef.current = null
+      }
+    })()
+
+    pendingPiPRef.current = requestPromise
+    return requestPromise
+  }, [height, isSupported, width])
+
+  const closePiP = useCallback(() => {
+    if (!pipWindow) return
+    if (!pipWindow.closed) {
+      pipWindow.close()
+    }
+    setPipWindow(null)
+  }, [pipWindow])
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    pipWindowRef.current = pipWindow
+  }, [pipWindow])
+
+  // Force-close the native PiP window when the hook unmounts (e.g. the user
+  // hangs up and the room is navigated away before `closePiP` could run).
+  useEffect(() => {
+    return () => {
+      const win = pipWindowRef.current
+      if (win && !win.closed) win.close()
+      pipWindowRef.current = null
+    }
+  }, [])
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!pipWindow) return
+
+    const handleClose = () => {
+      setPipWindow(null)
+    }
+
+    pipWindow.addEventListener('pagehide', handleClose)
+    pipWindow.addEventListener('beforeunload', handleClose)
+
+    return () => {
+      pipWindow.removeEventListener('pagehide', handleClose)
+      pipWindow.removeEventListener('beforeunload', handleClose)
+    }
+  }, [pipWindow])
+
+  return {
+    isSupported,
+    isOpen: !!pipWindow && !pipWindow.closed,
+    pipWindow,
+    openPiP,
+    closePiP,
+  }
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/hooks/useEscapeDismiss.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+import { useEffect, useRef, type RefObject } from 'react'
+
+export const useEscapeDismiss = (
+  ref: RefObject<HTMLElement | null>,
+  isActive: boolean,
+  onDismiss: () => void
+) => {
+  const latestOnDismiss = useRef(onDismiss)
+  useEffect(() => {
+    latestOnDismiss.current = onDismiss
+  })
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!isActive) return
+    const el = ref.current
+    if (!el) return
+
+    const handler = (event: KeyboardEvent) => {
+      if (event.key !== 'Escape' || event.defaultPrevented) return
+      event.preventDefault()
+      event.stopPropagation()
+      latestOnDismiss.current()
+    }
+
+    el.addEventListener('keydown', handler)
+    return () => el.removeEventListener('keydown', handler)
+  }, [ref, isActive])
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/hooks/usePipElementSize.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+import { useCallback, useEffect, useState, type RefObject } from 'react'
+
+type Size = { width: number; height: number }
+
+/**
+ * Observes an element's size, even when mounted in the PiP document.
+ * Resolves `ResizeObserver` from the element's own window.
+ */
+export const usePipElementSize = <T extends HTMLElement>(
+  ref: RefObject<T | null>
+): Size => {
+  const [size, setSize] = useState<Size>({ width: 0, height: 0 })
+
+  const measure = useCallback(() => {
+    const el = ref.current
+    if (!el) return
+    const rect = el.getBoundingClientRect()
+    setSize({ width: rect.width, height: rect.height })
+  }, [ref])
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const el = ref.current
+    if (!el) return
+
+    measure()
+
+    const RO =
+      el.ownerDocument.defaultView?.ResizeObserver ?? globalThis.ResizeObserver
+    if (!RO) return
+
+    const observer = new RO((entries) => {
+      const entry = entries[0]
+      if (!entry) return
+      const { width, height } = entry.contentRect
+      setSize({ width, height })
+    })
+    observer.observe(el)
+    return () => observer.disconnect()
+  }, [ref, measure])
+
+  return size
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/hooks/usePipFlipAnimations.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,91 @@
+import { useLayoutEffect, useRef, type RefObject } from 'react'
+
+type Options = {
+  /** Animation duration in ms. */
+  duration?: number
+  /** CSS easing function. */
+  easing?: string
+}
+
+/**
+ * FLIP (First, Last, Invert, Play) animation hook.
+ *
+ * For every keyed direct child of `containerRef`, records its position
+ * before a render (the "first" rect) and, once the DOM has committed, plays
+ * an inverse transform back to the identity position. The effect is a
+ * smooth slide whenever tiles are added, removed, reordered, or a new grid
+ * shape shifts them.
+ *
+ * Safe to call inside a Document PiP window: uses the element's own
+ * Web Animations API (element.animate) which lives in the PiP document.
+ * Respects `prefers-reduced-motion` and no-ops on the first mount.
+ */
+export const usePipFlipAnimations = <T extends HTMLElement>(
+  containerRef: RefObject<T | null>,
+  keys: ReadonlyArray<string>,
+  { duration = 220, easing = 'cubic-bezier(0.2, 0, 0, 1)' }: Options = {}
+) => {
+  const prevRectsRef = useRef<Map<string, DOMRect>>(new Map())
+  const firstRunRef = useRef(true)
+
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
+    const container = containerRef.current
+    if (!container) return
+
+    const doc = container.ownerDocument
+    const view = doc.defaultView
+    const reduceMotion = view?.matchMedia(
+      '(prefers-reduced-motion: reduce)'
+    ).matches
+
+    const children = Array.from(container.children) as HTMLElement[]
+    const nextRects = new Map<string, DOMRect>()
+    children.forEach((el, i) => {
+      const key = keys[i]
+      if (!key) return
+      nextRects.set(key, el.getBoundingClientRect())
+    })
+
+    if (firstRunRef.current) {
+      firstRunRef.current = false
+      prevRectsRef.current = nextRects
+      return
+    }
+
+    if (!reduceMotion) {
+      children.forEach((el, i) => {
+        const key = keys[i]
+        if (!key) return
+        const prev = prevRectsRef.current.get(key)
+        const next = nextRects.get(key)
+        if (!prev || !next) return
+
+        const dx = prev.left - next.left
+        const dy = prev.top - next.top
+        const sx = next.width === 0 ? 1 : prev.width / next.width
+        const sy = next.height === 0 ? 1 : prev.height / next.height
+
+        // Skip no-ops: sub-pixel shifts don't benefit from animation.
+        if (
+          Math.abs(dx) < 1 &&
+          Math.abs(dy) < 1 &&
+          Math.abs(sx - 1) < 0.01 &&
+          Math.abs(sy - 1) < 0.01
+        )
+          return
+
+        el.animate(
+          [
+            {
+              transform: `translate(${dx}px, ${dy}px) scale(${sx}, ${sy})`,
+            },
+            { transform: 'translate(0, 0) scale(1, 1)' },
+          ],
+          { duration, easing, fill: 'backwards' }
+        )
+      })
+    }
+
+    prevRectsRef.current = nextRects
+  }, [containerRef, duration, easing, keys])
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/hooks/usePipKeyboardShortcuts.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,45 @@
+import { useEffect, type RefObject } from 'react'
+import { keyboardShortcutsStore } from '@/stores/keyboardShortcuts'
+import { formatShortcutKey } from '@/features/shortcuts/utils'
+import { isMacintosh } from '@/utils/livekit'
+
+/**
+ * Mirror the main-window keyboard shortcuts inside the PiP document.
+ *
+ * The central `useKeyboardShortcuts` hook listens on `window`, which is the
+ * main document's window. Keydown events from the PiP document never reach
+ * it. This hook attaches the same dispatch logic to the PiP document so that
+ * Ctrl+D (mic), Ctrl+E (cam), etc. work identically in both contexts.
+ */
+export const usePipKeyboardShortcuts = (
+  containerRef: RefObject<HTMLElement | null>
+) => {
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const doc = containerRef.current?.ownerDocument
+    if (!doc || doc === document) return
+
+    const onKeyDown = (e: KeyboardEvent) => {
+      const { key, metaKey, ctrlKey, shiftKey, altKey } = e
+      if (!key) return
+
+      const shortcutKey = formatShortcutKey({
+        key,
+        ctrlKey: ctrlKey || (isMacintosh() && metaKey),
+        shiftKey,
+        altKey,
+      })
+
+      let handler = keyboardShortcutsStore.shortcuts.get(shortcutKey)
+      if (!handler && shortcutKey === 'ctrl+shift+?') {
+        handler = keyboardShortcutsStore.shortcuts.get('ctrl+shift+/')
+      }
+      if (!handler) return
+
+      e.preventDefault()
+      handler()
+    }
+
+    doc.addEventListener('keydown', onKeyDown)
+    return () => doc.removeEventListener('keydown', onKeyDown)
+  }, [containerRef])
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/hooks/usePipRestoreFocus.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,41 @@
+import { useEffect, useRef, type RefObject } from 'react'
+
+type Options = {
+  /** Remap the captured trigger (e.g. when it unmounts on click). */
+  resolveTrigger?: (activeEl: HTMLElement | null) => HTMLElement | null
+}
+
+/**
+ * `useRestoreFocus`: captures and restores focus via the PiP
+ * document instead of the main one.
+ */
+export const usePipRestoreFocus = (
+  ref: RefObject<HTMLElement | null>,
+  isOpen: boolean,
+  { resolveTrigger }: Options = {}
+) => {
+  const prevOpenRef = useRef(false)
+  const triggerRef = useRef<HTMLElement | null>(null)
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    const doc = ref.current?.ownerDocument
+    const wasOpen = prevOpenRef.current
+    prevOpenRef.current = isOpen
+
+    if (!doc) return
+
+    if (!wasOpen && isOpen) {
+      const activeEl = doc.activeElement as HTMLElement | null
+      triggerRef.current = resolveTrigger ? resolveTrigger(activeEl) : activeEl
+      return
+    }
+
+    if (wasOpen && !isOpen) {
+      const trigger = triggerRef.current
+      triggerRef.current = null
+      if (trigger && doc.contains(trigger)) {
+        requestAnimationFrame(() => trigger.focus({ preventScroll: true }))
+      }
+    }
+  }, [ref, isOpen, resolveTrigger])
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/hooks/useRoomPiP.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+import { useCallback } from 'react'
+import { useSnapshot } from 'valtio'
+import { roomPiPStore } from '@/stores/roomPiP'
+
+export const useRoomPiP = () => {
+  const { isOpen } = useSnapshot(roomPiPStore)
+  const isSupported =
+    typeof globalThis !== 'undefined' && 'documentPictureInPicture' in globalThis
+
+  const open = useCallback(() => {
+    roomPiPStore.isOpen = true
+  }, [])
+
+  const close = useCallback(() => {
+    roomPiPStore.isOpen = false
+  }, [])
+
+  const toggle = useCallback(() => {
+    roomPiPStore.isOpen = !roomPiPStore.isOpen
+  }, [])
+
+  return {
+    isSupported,
+    isOpen,
+    open,
+    close,
+    toggle,
+  }
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/stores/pipLayoutStore.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,19 @@
+import { proxy } from 'valtio'
+import type { PanelId, SubPanelId } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/types/panel'
+
+type PipLayoutState = {
+  activePanelId: PanelId | null
+  activeSubPanelId: SubPanelId | null
+  showReactionsToolbar: boolean
+}
+
+/**
+ * Separate layout store for the PiP window.
+ * Decouples PiP side panel state from the main view so opening Chat/Info/etc.
+ * in PiP does not affect the main window and vice versa.
+ */
+export const pipLayoutStore = proxy<PipLayoutState>({
+  activePanelId: null,
+  activeSubPanelId: null,
+  showReactionsToolbar: false,
+})

src/frontend/src/features/pip/utils/pipGrid.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,114 @@
+export type PipTilePlacement = {
+  gridColumn: string
+  gridRow: number
+}
+
+export type PipGridLayout = {
+  cols: number
+  rows: number
+  /** Number of CSS sub-columns; use as `repeat(subColumns, 1fr)`. */
+  subColumns: number
+  /** One entry per tile, in input order. */
+  placements: PipTilePlacement[]
+}
+
+/**
+ * Target tile aspect ratio used to score candidate grid shapes.
+ *
+ * Video sources are 16:9, but picking 16:9 as the target makes the
+ * scorer indifferent between a stretched 2-col slab (aspect ~2.7) and a
+ * squarer 3-col tile (aspect ~1.2) because log distance is symmetric.
+ * The UI works better with square, face-friendly tiles. This target keeps
+ * wide windows from collapsing to 2 columns with short, stretched rows
+ * and pushes the scorer to add a column instead.
+ */
+const TARGET_TILE_ASPECT = 1
+
+/**
+ * Smallest count from which we force at least two columns.
+ * For 1-3 participants it is acceptable to stack vertically in tall
+ * windows, but from 4 people onwards we keep >=2 columns to
+ * avoid endless vertical scrolling; the scorer handles the rest.
+ */
+const FORCE_TWO_COLS_COUNT = 4
+
+const pickGridShape = (
+  count: number,
+  width: number,
+  height: number
+): { cols: number; rows: number } => {
+  if (count <= 1) return { cols: 1, rows: Math.max(1, count) }
+  if (width <= 0 || height <= 0) return { cols: count, rows: 1 }
+
+  const minCols = count >= FORCE_TWO_COLS_COUNT ? 2 : 1
+
+  let best = {
+    cols: minCols,
+    rows: Math.ceil(count / minCols),
+    score: -Infinity,
+  }
+  for (let cols = minCols; cols <= count; cols++) {
+    const rows = Math.ceil(count / cols)
+    const tileW = width / cols
+    const tileH = height / rows
+    if (tileW <= 0 || tileH <= 0) continue
+
+    // Score: aspect close to target, few empty cells, large tile area,
+    // and a tiny bias toward fewer rows so ties (perfectly square shapes)
+    // resolve in favour of a shorter, wider grid.
+    const aspectScore = -Math.abs(Math.log(tileW / tileH / TARGET_TILE_ASPECT))
+    const emptyCells = cols * rows - count
+    const fillScore = -emptyCells * 0.1
+    const areaScore = Math.log(tileW * tileH) * 0.5
+    const rowsPenalty = -rows * 0.01
+
+    const score = aspectScore * 2 + fillScore + areaScore + rowsPenalty
+    if (score > best.score) best = { cols, rows, score }
+  }
+  return { cols: best.cols, rows: best.rows }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Pure function. Given a tile count and stage dimensions, returns the CSS
+ * grid layout for the PiP stage:
+ *
+ *  - picks a cols x rows shape close to 16:9 tiles,
+ *  - stretches any partial last row so its tiles share the full row width
+ *    (no empty cells, no small centered tile).
+ *
+ * Callers consume the result directly: `subColumns` feeds
+ * `grid-template-columns: repeat(N, 1fr)` and each tile reads its own
+ * `gridColumn`/`gridRow` from `placements`.
+ */
+export const computePipGridLayout = (
+  count: number,
+  width: number,
+  height: number
+): PipGridLayout => {
+  if (count <= 0) {
+    return { cols: 1, rows: 1, subColumns: 1, placements: [] }
+  }
+
+  const { cols, rows } = pickGridShape(count, width, height)
+  const tilesInLastRow = count - cols * (rows - 1)
+  const hasPartialRow = tilesInLastRow > 0 && tilesInLastRow < cols
+
+  const subColumns = hasPartialRow ? cols * tilesInLastRow : cols
+  const fullRowSpan = hasPartialRow ? tilesInLastRow : 1
+  const lastRowSpan = hasPartialRow ? cols : 1
+
+  const placements: PipTilePlacement[] = []
+  for (let i = 0; i < count; i++) {
+    const row = Math.floor(i / cols)
+    const colIndex = i % cols
+    const isLastRow = row === rows - 1 && hasPartialRow
+    const span = isLastRow ? lastRowSpan : fullRowSpan
+    const colStart = colIndex * span + 1
+    placements.push({
+      gridColumn: `${colStart} / span ${span}`,
+      gridRow: row + 1,
+    })
+  }
+
+  return { cols, rows, subColumns, placements }
+}

src/frontend/src/features/pip/utils/pipReactionsPagination.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+import { Emoji } from '@/features/reactions/types'
+
+export const EMOJI_SLOT_WIDTH = 40
+export const ARROW_SLOT_WIDTH = 32
+export const PILL_HORIZONTAL_PADDING = 12
+export const WRAPPER_HORIZONTAL_PADDING = 16
+
+const EMOJIS = Object.values(Emoji)
+
+export type ReactionsPage = {
+  visibleEmojis: Emoji[]
+  hasOverflow: boolean
+  canGoLeft: boolean
+  canGoRight: boolean
+  visibleCount: number
+}
+
+/**
+ * Compute how many emojis fit in `availableWidth` and slice the visible page.
+ * Arrow slots are reserved only when the list overflows.
+ */
+export const computeReactionsPage = (
+  availableWidth: number,
+  pageStart: number
+): ReactionsPage => {
+  const usableWidth =
+    availableWidth - WRAPPER_HORIZONTAL_PADDING - PILL_HORIZONTAL_PADDING
+  const maxWithoutArrows = Math.max(
+    1,
+    Math.floor(usableWidth / EMOJI_SLOT_WIDTH)
+  )
+
+  if (EMOJIS.length <= maxWithoutArrows) {
+    return {
+      visibleEmojis: EMOJIS,
+      hasOverflow: false,
+      canGoLeft: false,
+      canGoRight: false,
+      visibleCount: EMOJIS.length,
+    }
+  }
+
+  const visibleCount = Math.max(
+    1,
+    Math.floor((usableWidth - ARROW_SLOT_WIDTH * 2) / EMOJI_SLOT_WIDTH)
+  )
+  const clampedStart = Math.min(
+    Math.max(0, pageStart),
+    Math.max(0, EMOJIS.length - visibleCount)
+  )
+
+  return {
+    visibleEmojis: EMOJIS.slice(clampedStart, clampedStart + visibleCount),
+    hasOverflow: true,
+    canGoLeft: clampedStart > 0,
+    canGoRight: clampedStart + visibleCount < EMOJIS.length,
+    visibleCount,
+  }
+}
+
+export const getMaxPageStart = (visibleCount: number): number =>
+  Math.max(0, EMOJIS.length - visibleCount)

src/frontend/src/features/pip/utils/pipTrackSelection.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+import {
+  isTrackReference,
+  TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder,
+} from '@livekit/components-core'
+import { Track } from 'livekit-client'
+
+/**
+ * Helpers used by the PiP layouts to classify/pick tracks.
+ * Kept free of React so they are trivially testable and cheap to call.
+ */
+
+export const pickScreenShareTrack = (
+  tracks: TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder[]
+): TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder | undefined =>
+  tracks
+    .filter((track) => isTrackReference(track))
+    .find((track) => track.publication.source === Track.Source.ScreenShare)
+
+export const pickLocalCameraTrack = (
+  tracks: TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder[]
+): TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder | undefined =>
+  tracks.find(
+    (track) =>
+      track.source === Track.Source.Camera && track.participant?.isLocal
+  )
+
+export const pickRemoteCameraTrack = (
+  tracks: TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder[]
+): TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder | undefined =>
+  tracks.find(
+    (track) =>
+      track.source === Track.Source.Camera && !track.participant?.isLocal
+  )
+
+export const isCameraTrack = (track: TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder): boolean =>
+  track.source === Track.Source.Camera
+
+/**
+ * Produces a stable React key for a track so resizes/reshuffles of the grid
+ * do not remount the underlying <video> element.
+ */
+export const getTrackKey = (track: TrackReferenceOrPlaceholder): string => {
+  const identity = track.participant?.identity ?? 'unknown'
+  if (isTrackReference(track)) {
+    return `${identity}::${track.source}::${track.publication.trackSid}`
+  }
+  return `${identity}::${track.source}::placeholder`
+}

src/frontend/src/features/rooms/livekit/components/SidePanel.tsx

@@ -1,4 +1,3 @@
-import { layoutStore } from '@/stores/layout'
 import { css } from '@/styled-system/css'
 import { Heading } from 'react-aria-components'
 import { text } from '@/primitives/Text'
@@ -6,7 +5,7 @@ import { Button, Div } from '@/primitives'
 import { RiArrowLeftLine, RiCloseLine } from '@remixicon/react'
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
 import { ParticipantsList } from './controls/Participants/ParticipantsList'
-import { useSidePanel } from '../hooks/useSidePanel'
+import { type SidePanelStore, useSidePanel } from '../hooks/useSidePanel'
 import { ReactNode } from 'react'
 import { Chat } from '../prefabs/Chat'
 import { Effects } from './effects/Effects'
@@ -144,7 +143,7 @@ const Panel = ({ isOpen, keepAlive = false, children }: PanelProps) => (
     {keepAlive || isOpen ? children : null}
   </div>
 )
-export const SidePanel = () => {
+export const SidePanel = ({ store }: { store?: SidePanelStore }) => {
   const {
     activePanelId,
     isParticipantsOpen,
@@ -156,7 +155,9 @@ export const SidePanel = () => {
     isInfoOpen,
     isSubPanelOpen,
     activeSubPanelId,
-  } = useSidePanel()
+    closePanel,
+    goBack,
+  } = useSidePanel(store)
   const { t } = useTranslation('rooms', { keyPrefix: 'sidePanel' })
   const title = t(`heading.${activeSubPanelId || activePanelId}`)
 
@@ -166,10 +167,7 @@ export const SidePanel = () => {
     <StyledSidePanel
       title={title}
       ariaLabel={t('ariaLabel', { title })}
-      onClose={() => {
-        layoutStore.activePanelId = null
-        layoutStore.activeSubPanelId = null
-      }}
+      onClose={closePanel}
       closeButtonTooltip={t('closeButton', {
         content: t(`content.${activeSubPanelId || activePanelId}`),
       })}
@@ -177,7 +175,7 @@ export const SidePanel = () => {
       isSubmenu={isSubPanelOpen}
       isReactionToolbarOpen={isReactionToolbarOpen}
       backButtonLabel={t('backToTools')}
-      onBack={() => (layoutStore.activeSubPanelId = null)}
+      onBack={goBack}
     >
       <Panel isOpen={isParticipantsOpen}>
         <ParticipantsList />

src/frontend/src/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/Options/EffectsMenuItem.tsx

@@ -2,11 +2,11 @@ import { RiImageCircleAiFill } from '@remixicon/react'
 import { MenuItem } from 'react-aria-components'
 import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
 import { menuRecipe } from '@/primitives/menuRecipe'
-import { useSidePanel } from '../../../hooks/useSidePanel'
+import { type SidePanelStore, useSidePanel } from '../../../hooks/useSidePanel'
 
-export const EffectsMenuItem = () => {
+export const EffectsMenuItem = ({ store }: { store?: SidePanelStore }) => {
   const { t } = useTranslation('rooms', { keyPrefix: 'options.items' })
-  const { toggleEffects } = useSidePanel()
+  const { toggleEffects } = useSidePanel(store)
 
   return (
     <MenuItem

src/frontend/src/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/Options/OptionsMenuItems.tsx

@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { EffectsMenuItem } from './EffectsMenuItem'
 import { SupportMenuItem } from './SupportMenuItem'
 import { TranscriptMenuItem } from './TranscriptMenuItem'
 import { ScreenRecordingMenuItem } from './ScreenRecordingMenuItem'
+import { PictureInPictureMenuItem } from './PictureInPictureMenuItem'
 
 // @todo try refactoring it to use MenuList component
 export const OptionsMenuItems = () => {
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@ export const OptionsMenuItems = () => {
         <TranscriptMenuItem />
         <ScreenRecordingMenuItem />
         <FullScreenMenuItem />
+        <PictureInPictureMenuItem />
         <EffectsMenuItem />
       </MenuSection>
       <Separator />

src/frontend/src/features/rooms/livekit/components/controls/Options/PictureInPictureMenuItem.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+import { MenuItem } from 'react-aria-components'
+import { useTranslation } from 'react-i18next'
+import { RiPictureInPicture2Line } from '@remixicon/react'
+import { menuRecipe } from '@/primitives/menuRecipe'
+import { useRoomPiP } from '@/features/pip/hooks/useRoomPiP'
+
+export const PictureInPictureMenuItem = () => {
+  const { t } = useTranslation('rooms', { keyPrefix: 'options.items' })
+  const { isSupported, isOpen, toggle } = useRoomPiP()
+
+  // Hide the entry when the browser doesn't support Document PiP.
+  if (!isSupported) return null
+
+  return (
+    <MenuItem
+      onAction={toggle}
+      className={menuRecipe({ icon: true, variant: 'dark' }).item}
+    >
+      <RiPictureInPicture2Line size={20} />
+      {isOpen ? t('pictureInPicture.exit') : t('pictureInPicture.enter')}
+    </MenuItem>
+  )
+}

src/frontend/src/features/rooms/livekit/hooks/useSidePanel.ts

@@ -1,74 +1,77 @@
 import { useSnapshot } from 'valtio'
 import { layoutStore } from '@/stores/layout'
+import { PanelId, SubPanelId } from '../types/panel'
 
-export enum PanelId {
-  PARTICIPANTS = 'participants',
-  EFFECTS = 'effects',
-  CHAT = 'chat',
-  TOOLS = 'tools',
-  ADMIN = 'admin',
-  INFO = 'info',
+export { PanelId, SubPanelId } from '../types/panel'
+
+export type SidePanelStore = {
+  activePanelId: PanelId | null
+  activeSubPanelId: SubPanelId | null
 }
 
-export enum SubPanelId {
-  TRANSCRIPT = 'transcript',
-  SCREEN_RECORDING = 'screenRecording',
-}
-
-export const useSidePanel = () => {
-  const layoutSnap = useSnapshot(layoutStore)
+export const useSidePanel = (store: SidePanelStore = layoutStore) => {
+  const layoutSnap = useSnapshot(store)
   const activePanelId = layoutSnap.activePanelId
   const activeSubPanelId = layoutSnap.activeSubPanelId
 
-  const isParticipantsOpen = activePanelId == PanelId.PARTICIPANTS
-  const isEffectsOpen = activePanelId == PanelId.EFFECTS
-  const isChatOpen = activePanelId == PanelId.CHAT
-  const isToolsOpen = activePanelId == PanelId.TOOLS
-  const isAdminOpen = activePanelId == PanelId.ADMIN
-  const isInfoOpen = activePanelId == PanelId.INFO
-  const isTranscriptOpen = activeSubPanelId == SubPanelId.TRANSCRIPT
-  const isScreenRecordingOpen = activeSubPanelId == SubPanelId.SCREEN_RECORDING
+  const isParticipantsOpen = activePanelId === PanelId.PARTICIPANTS
+  const isEffectsOpen = activePanelId === PanelId.EFFECTS
+  const isChatOpen = activePanelId === PanelId.CHAT
+  const isToolsOpen = activePanelId === PanelId.TOOLS
+  const isAdminOpen = activePanelId === PanelId.ADMIN
+  const isInfoOpen = activePanelId === PanelId.INFO
+  const isTranscriptOpen = activeSubPanelId === SubPanelId.TRANSCRIPT
+  const isScreenRecordingOpen = activeSubPanelId === SubPanelId.SCREEN_RECORDING
   const isSidePanelOpen = !!activePanelId
   const isSubPanelOpen = !!activeSubPanelId
 
   const toggleAdmin = () => {
-    layoutStore.activePanelId = isAdminOpen ? null : PanelId.ADMIN
-    if (layoutSnap.activeSubPanelId) layoutStore.activeSubPanelId = null
+    store.activePanelId = isAdminOpen ? null : PanelId.ADMIN
+    if (layoutSnap.activeSubPanelId) store.activeSubPanelId = null
   }
 
   const toggleParticipants = () => {
-    layoutStore.activePanelId = isParticipantsOpen ? null : PanelId.PARTICIPANTS
-    if (layoutSnap.activeSubPanelId) layoutStore.activeSubPanelId = null
+    store.activePanelId = isParticipantsOpen ? null : PanelId.PARTICIPANTS
+    if (layoutSnap.activeSubPanelId) store.activeSubPanelId = null
   }
 
   const toggleChat = () => {
-    layoutStore.activePanelId = isChatOpen ? null : PanelId.CHAT
-    if (layoutSnap.activeSubPanelId) layoutStore.activeSubPanelId = null
+    store.activePanelId = isChatOpen ? null : PanelId.CHAT
+    if (layoutSnap.activeSubPanelId) store.activeSubPanelId = null
   }
 
   const toggleEffects = () => {
-    layoutStore.activePanelId = isEffectsOpen ? null : PanelId.EFFECTS
-    if (layoutSnap.activeSubPanelId) layoutStore.activeSubPanelId = null
+    store.activePanelId = isEffectsOpen ? null : PanelId.EFFECTS
+    if (layoutSnap.activeSubPanelId) store.activeSubPanelId = null
   }
 
   const toggleTools = () => {
-    layoutStore.activePanelId = isToolsOpen ? null : PanelId.TOOLS
-    if (layoutSnap.activeSubPanelId) layoutStore.activeSubPanelId = null
+    store.activePanelId = isToolsOpen ? null : PanelId.TOOLS
+    if (layoutSnap.activeSubPanelId) store.activeSubPanelId = null
   }
 
   const toggleInfo = () => {
-    layoutStore.activePanelId = isInfoOpen ? null : PanelId.INFO
-    if (layoutSnap.activeSubPanelId) layoutStore.activeSubPanelId = null
+    store.activePanelId = isInfoOpen ? null : PanelId.INFO
+    if (layoutSnap.activeSubPanelId) store.activeSubPanelId = null
   }
 
   const openTranscript = () => {
-    layoutStore.activeSubPanelId = SubPanelId.TRANSCRIPT
-    layoutStore.activePanelId = PanelId.TOOLS
+    store.activeSubPanelId = SubPanelId.TRANSCRIPT
+    store.activePanelId = PanelId.TOOLS
   }
 
   const openScreenRecording = () => {
-    layoutStore.activeSubPanelId = SubPanelId.SCREEN_RECORDING
-    layoutStore.activePanelId = PanelId.TOOLS
+    store.activeSubPanelId = SubPanelId.SCREEN_RECORDING
+    store.activePanelId = PanelId.TOOLS
+  }
+
+  const closePanel = () => {
+    store.activePanelId = null
+    store.activeSubPanelId = null
+  }
+
+  const goBack = () => {
+    store.activeSubPanelId = null
   }
 
   return {
@@ -82,6 +85,8 @@ export const useSidePanel = () => {
     toggleInfo,
     openTranscript,
     openScreenRecording,
+    closePanel,
+    goBack,
     isSubPanelOpen,
     isChatOpen,
     isParticipantsOpen,

src/frontend/src/features/rooms/livekit/prefabs/VideoConference.tsx

@@ -34,6 +34,8 @@ import { SettingsDialogExtendedKey } from '@/features/settings/type'
 import { useVideoResolutionSubscription } from '../hooks/useVideoResolutionSubscription'
 import { SettingsDialogProvider } from '@/features/settings/components/SettingsDialogProvider'
 import { IsIdleDisconnectModal } from '../components/IsIdleDisconnectModal'
+import { RoomPiP } from '@/features/pip/components/RoomPiP'
+import { useRoomPiP } from '@/features/pip/hooks/useRoomPiP'
 import { getParticipantName } from '@/features/rooms/utils/getParticipantName'
 import { useScreenReaderAnnounce } from '@/hooks/useScreenReaderAnnounce'
 import { ReactionPortals } from '@/features/reactions/components/ReactionPortals'
@@ -227,6 +229,9 @@ export function VideoConference({ ...props }: VideoConferenceProps) {
   ])
   /* eslint-enable react-hooks/exhaustive-deps */
 
+  const { isOpen: isPiPOpen } = useRoomPiP()
+  const shouldRenderMainLayout = !isPiPOpen
+
   const [isShareErrorVisible, setIsShareErrorVisible] = useState(false)
 
   return (
@@ -248,32 +253,36 @@ export function VideoConference({ ...props }: VideoConferenceProps) {
           />
           <IsIdleDisconnectModal />
           <RoomContentArea>
-            {!focusTrack ? (
-              <div
-                className="lk-grid-layout-wrapper"
-                style={{ height: 'auto' }}
-              >
-                <GridLayout tracks={tracks} style={{ padding: 0 }}>
-                  <ParticipantTile />
-                </GridLayout>
-              </div>
-            ) : (
-              <div
-                className="lk-focus-layout-wrapper"
-                style={{ height: 'auto' }}
-              >
-                <FocusLayoutContainer style={{ padding: 0 }}>
-                  <CarouselLayout
-                    tracks={carouselTracks}
-                    style={{
-                      minWidth: '200px',
-                    }}
+            {shouldRenderMainLayout && (
+              <>
+                {!focusTrack ? (
+                  <div
+                    className="lk-grid-layout-wrapper"
+                    style={{ height: 'auto' }}
                   >
-                    <ParticipantTile />
-                  </CarouselLayout>
-                  {focusTrack && <FocusLayout trackRef={focusTrack} />}
-                </FocusLayoutContainer>
-              </div>
+                    <GridLayout tracks={tracks} style={{ padding: 0 }}>
+                      <ParticipantTile />
+                    </GridLayout>
+                  </div>
+                ) : (
+                  <div
+                    className="lk-focus-layout-wrapper"
+                    style={{ height: 'auto' }}
+                  >
+                    <FocusLayoutContainer style={{ padding: 0 }}>
+                      <CarouselLayout
+                        tracks={carouselTracks}
+                        style={{
+                          minWidth: '200px',
+                        }}
+                      >
+                        <ParticipantTile />
+                      </CarouselLayout>
+                      {focusTrack && <FocusLayout trackRef={focusTrack} />}
+                    </FocusLayoutContainer>
+                  </div>
+                )}
+              </>
             )}
           </RoomContentArea>
           <ControlBar
@@ -289,6 +298,7 @@ export function VideoConference({ ...props }: VideoConferenceProps) {
             }}
           />
           <SidePanel />
+          <RoomPiP />
         </LayoutContextProvider>
       )}
       <RoomAudioRenderer />

src/frontend/src/features/rooms/livekit/types/panel.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+/**
+ * Panel identifiers for the side panel (Info, Chat, Participants, etc.).
+ * Extracted to avoid circular dependencies between layout store and useSidePanel.
+ */
+export enum PanelId {
+  PARTICIPANTS = 'participants',
+  EFFECTS = 'effects',
+  CHAT = 'chat',
+  TOOLS = 'tools',
+  ADMIN = 'admin',
+  INFO = 'info',
+}
+
+export enum SubPanelId {
+  TRANSCRIPT = 'transcript',
+  SCREEN_RECORDING = 'screenRecording',
+}

src/frontend/src/locales/de/rooms.json

@@ -241,6 +241,23 @@
       "username": "Deinen Namen aktualisieren",
       "effects": "Effekte anwenden",
       "switchCamera": "Kamera wechseln",
+      "pictureInPicture": {
+        "enter": "Bild-im-Bild",
+        "exit": "Bild-im-Bild schließen",
+        "opened": "Bild-im-Bild-Modus aktiviert",
+        "closed": "Bild-im-Bild-Modus deaktiviert",
+        "windowLabel": "Bild-im-Bild Besprechung",
+        "stage": "Teilnehmer",
+        "controlBar": "Besprechungssteuerung",
+        "previousReactions": "Vorherige Reaktionen",
+        "nextReactions": "Nächste Reaktionen",
+        "notificationsLabel": "Benachrichtigungen",
+        "dismissNotification": "Benachrichtigung schließen",
+        "connection": {
+          "reconnecting": "Verbindung wird wiederhergestellt…",
+          "disconnected": "Verbindung getrennt"
+        }
+      },
       "fullscreen": {
         "enter": "Vollbild",
         "exit": "Vollbildmodus verlassen"

src/frontend/src/locales/en/rooms.json

@@ -241,6 +241,23 @@
       "username": "Update Your Name",
       "effects": "Backgrounds and Effects",
       "switchCamera": "Switch camera",
+      "pictureInPicture": {
+        "enter": "Picture-in-picture",
+        "exit": "Close picture-in-picture",
+        "opened": "Picture-in-picture mode enabled",
+        "closed": "Picture-in-picture mode disabled",
+        "windowLabel": "Picture-in-picture meeting",
+        "stage": "Participants",
+        "controlBar": "Meeting controls",
+        "previousReactions": "Previous reactions",
+        "nextReactions": "Next reactions",
+        "notificationsLabel": "Notifications",
+        "dismissNotification": "Dismiss notification",
+        "connection": {
+          "reconnecting": "Reconnecting…",
+          "disconnected": "Disconnected"
+        }
+      },
       "fullscreen": {
         "enter": "Fullscreen",
         "exit": "Exit fullscreen mode"

src/frontend/src/locales/fr/rooms.json

@@ -241,6 +241,23 @@
       "username": "Choisir votre nom",
       "effects": "Arrière-plans et effets",
       "switchCamera": "Changer de caméra",
+      "pictureInPicture": {
+        "enter": "Image dans l'image",
+        "exit": "Fermer l'image dans l'image",
+        "opened": "Mode image dans l'image activé",
+        "closed": "Mode image dans l'image désactivé",
+        "windowLabel": "Réunion en image dans l'image",
+        "stage": "Participants",
+        "controlBar": "Commandes de la réunion",
+        "previousReactions": "Réactions précédentes",
+        "nextReactions": "Réactions suivantes",
+        "notificationsLabel": "Notifications",
+        "dismissNotification": "Fermer la notification",
+        "connection": {
+          "reconnecting": "Reconnexion…",
+          "disconnected": "Déconnecté"
+        }
+      },
       "fullscreen": {
         "enter": "Plein écran",
         "exit": "Quitter le mode plein écran"

src/frontend/src/locales/nl/rooms.json

@@ -241,6 +241,23 @@
       "username": "Verander uw naam",
       "effects": "Pas effecten toe",
       "switchCamera": "Selecteer camera",
+      "pictureInPicture": {
+        "enter": "Beeld-in-beeld",
+        "exit": "Beeld-in-beeld sluiten",
+        "opened": "Beeld-in-beeld-modus ingeschakeld",
+        "closed": "Beeld-in-beeld-modus uitgeschakeld",
+        "windowLabel": "Beeld-in-beeld vergadering",
+        "stage": "Deelnemers",
+        "controlBar": "Vergaderbesturing",
+        "previousReactions": "Vorige reacties",
+        "nextReactions": "Volgende reacties",
+        "notificationsLabel": "Meldingen",
+        "dismissNotification": "Melding sluiten",
+        "connection": {
+          "reconnecting": "Opnieuw verbinden…",
+          "disconnected": "Verbinding verbroken"
+        }
+      },
       "fullscreen": {
         "enter": "Volledig scherm",
         "exit": "Stop volledig scherm stand"

src/frontend/src/primitives/Menu.tsx

@@ -1,10 +1,16 @@
-import { ReactNode } from 'react'
+import { ReactNode, useMemo } from 'react'
 import { MenuTrigger } from 'react-aria-components'
 import { StyledPopover } from './Popover'
 import { Box } from './Box'
+import {
+  useOverlayBoundaryElement,
+  useOverlayPortalContainer,
+} from './useOverlayPortalContainer'
 
 /**
  * a Menu is a tuple of a trigger component (most usually a Button) that toggles menu items in a tooltip around the trigger
+ *
+ * Uses UNSAFE_PortalProvider context automatically for portal container (no need for UNSTABLE_portalContainer).
  */
 export const Menu = ({
   children,
@@ -16,10 +22,30 @@ export const Menu = ({
   placement?: 'bottom' | 'top' | 'left' | 'right'
 }) => {
   const [trigger, menu] = children
+  // const boundaryElement = useOverlayBoundaryElement()
+  // const portalContainer = useOverlayPortalContainer()
+
+  // // Detect if we're in PiP: portal container is in a different document than the main window
+  // const isInPiP = useMemo(
+  //   () =>
+  //     portalContainer &&
+  //     portalContainer.ownerDocument &&
+  //     portalContainer.ownerDocument !== document,
+  //   [portalContainer]
+  // )
+
+  // Default placement: 'bottom' in PiP, 'top' elsewhere (to match existing behavior)
+  // const defaultPlacement = isInPiP ? 'bottom' : 'top'
+  // const shouldFlip = isInPiP ? false : undefined
+
   return (
     <MenuTrigger>
       {trigger}
-      <StyledPopover placement={placement}>
+      <StyledPopover
+        placement={placement}
+        // shouldFlip={shouldFlip}
+        // boundaryElement={boundaryElement}
+      >
         <Box size="sm" type="popover" variant={variant}>
           {menu}
         </Box>

src/frontend/src/primitives/Popover.tsx

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import {
 } from 'react-aria-components'
 import { styled } from '@/styled-system/jsx'
 import { Box } from './Box'
+import { useOverlayBoundaryElement } from './useOverlayPortalContainer'
 
 export const StyledPopover = styled(RACPopover, {
   base: {
@@ -65,6 +66,8 @@ const StyledOverlayArrow = styled(OverlayArrow, {
  *
  * Note: to show a list of actionable items, like a dropdown menu, prefer using a <Menu> or <Select>.
  * This is here when needing to show unrestricted content in a box.
+ *
+ * Uses UNSAFE_PortalProvider context automatically for portal container (no need for UNSTABLE_portalContainer).
  */
 export const Popover = ({
   children,
@@ -82,10 +85,11 @@ export const Popover = ({
   withArrow?: boolean
 } & Omit<DialogProps, 'children'>) => {
   const [trigger, popoverContent] = children
+  const boundaryElement = useOverlayBoundaryElement()
   return (
     <DialogTrigger>
       {trigger}
-      <StyledPopover>
+      <StyledPopover boundaryElement={boundaryElement}>
         {withArrow && (
           <StyledOverlayArrow variant={variant}>
             <svg width={12} height={12} viewBox="0 0 12 12">

src/frontend/src/primitives/TooltipWrapper.tsx

@@ -6,12 +6,17 @@ import {
   type TooltipProps,
 } from 'react-aria-components'
 import { styled } from '@/styled-system/jsx'
+import { useOverlayPortalContainer } from './useOverlayPortalContainer'
+import { VisualOnlyTooltip } from './VisualOnlyTooltip'
 
 export type TooltipWrapperProps = {
   tooltip?: string
   tooltipType?: 'instant' | 'delayed'
 }
 
+const INSTANT_TOOLTIP_DELAY_MS = 150
+const DELAYED_TOOLTIP_DELAY_MS = 1000
+
 /**
  * Wrap a component you want to apply a tooltip on (for example a Button)
  *
@@ -24,11 +29,25 @@ export const TooltipWrapper = ({
 }: {
   children: ReactNode
 } & TooltipWrapperProps) => {
+  const portalContainer = useOverlayPortalContainer()
+  const isExternalDocument =
+    portalContainer && portalContainer.ownerDocument !== document
+
   return tooltip ? (
-    <TooltipTrigger delay={tooltipType === 'instant' ? 150 : 1000}>
-      {children}
-      <Tooltip>{tooltip}</Tooltip>
-    </TooltipTrigger>
+    isExternalDocument ? (
+      <VisualOnlyTooltip tooltip={tooltip}>{children}</VisualOnlyTooltip>
+    ) : (
+      <TooltipTrigger
+        delay={
+          tooltipType === 'instant'
+            ? INSTANT_TOOLTIP_DELAY_MS
+            : DELAYED_TOOLTIP_DELAY_MS
+        }
+      >
+        {children}
+        <Tooltip>{tooltip}</Tooltip>
+      </TooltipTrigger>
+    )
   ) : (
     children
   )
@@ -39,6 +58,8 @@ export const TooltipWrapper = ({
  *
  * Style taken from example at https://react-spectrum.adobe.com/react-aria/Tooltip.html
  */
+const DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_GAP_PX = 8
+
 const StyledTooltip = styled(RACTooltip, {
   base: {
     boxShadow: '0 8px 20px rgba(0 0 0 / 0.1)',
@@ -53,11 +74,11 @@ const StyledTooltip = styled(RACTooltip, {
     fontSize: 14,
     transform: 'translate3d(0, 0, 0)',
     '&[data-placement=top]': {
-      marginBottom: '8px',
+      marginBottom: `${DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_GAP_PX}px`,
       '--origin': 'translateY(4px)',
     },
     '&[data-placement=bottom]': {
-      marginTop: '8px',
+      marginTop: `${DEFAULT_TOOLTIP_GAP_PX}px`,
       '--origin': 'translateY(-4px)',
     },
     '&[data-placement=right]': {
@@ -107,10 +128,13 @@ const TooltipArrow = () => {
 
 const Tooltip = ({
   children,
+  arrowBoundaryOffset,
   ...props
-}: Omit<TooltipProps, 'children'> & { children: ReactNode }) => {
+}: {
+  children: ReactNode
+} & Partial<Omit<TooltipProps, 'children'>>) => {
   return (
-    <StyledTooltip {...props}>
+    <StyledTooltip arrowBoundaryOffset={arrowBoundaryOffset ?? 0} {...props}>
       <TooltipArrow />
       {children}
     </StyledTooltip>

src/frontend/src/primitives/VisualOnlyTooltip.tsx

@@ -2,11 +2,14 @@ import {
   type ReactElement,
   cloneElement,
   isValidElement,
+  useLayoutEffect,
+  useMemo,
   useRef,
   useState,
 } from 'react'
 import { createPortal } from 'react-dom'
 import { css } from '@/styled-system/css'
+import { useUNSAFE_PortalContext } from '@react-aria/overlays'
 
 export type VisualOnlyTooltipProps = {
   children: ReactElement
@@ -32,19 +35,29 @@ export const VisualOnlyTooltip = ({
   tooltipPosition = 'top',
 }: VisualOnlyTooltipProps) => {
   const [isVisible, setIsVisible] = useState(false)
+  const { getContainer } = useUNSAFE_PortalContext()
   const wrapperRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
+  const tooltipRef = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null)
   const [position, setPosition] = useState<{
     top: number
     left: number
   } | null>(null)
+  const [computedStyle, setComputedStyle] = useState<{
+    left: number
+    arrowLeft: number
+  } | null>(null)
 
-  const isBottom = tooltipPosition === 'bottom'
+  const [effectiveBottom, setEffectiveBottom] = useState(
+    tooltipPosition === 'bottom'
+  )
 
   const showTooltip = () => {
     if (!wrapperRef.current) return
     const rect = wrapperRef.current.getBoundingClientRect()
+    const preferBottom = tooltipPosition === 'bottom'
+    setEffectiveBottom(preferBottom)
     setPosition({
-      top: isBottom ? rect.bottom + 8 : rect.top - 8,
+      top: preferBottom ? rect.bottom + 8 : rect.top - 8,
       left: rect.left + rect.width / 2,
     })
     setIsVisible(true)
@@ -53,9 +66,47 @@ export const VisualOnlyTooltip = ({
   const hideTooltip = () => {
     setIsVisible(false)
     setPosition(null)
+    setComputedStyle(null)
   }
 
-  const tooltipData = isVisible && position ? { isVisible, position } : null
+  useLayoutEffect(() => {
+    if (!tooltipRef.current || !wrapperRef.current || !isVisible || !position)
+      return
+    const tooltipRect = tooltipRef.current.getBoundingClientRect()
+    const triggerRect = wrapperRef.current.getBoundingClientRect()
+    const doc = tooltipRef.current.ownerDocument
+    const viewportWidth = doc.defaultView?.innerWidth ?? globalThis.innerWidth
+    const padding = 8
+
+    // Vertical flip: if tooltip overflows the top, switch to bottom
+    if (!effectiveBottom && position.top - tooltipRect.height < 0) {
+      const flippedTop = triggerRect.bottom + 8
+      setEffectiveBottom(true)
+      setPosition({ top: flippedTop, left: position.left })
+      return
+    }
+
+    // Horizontal clamping (both edges)
+    const desiredLeft = position.left - tooltipRect.width / 2
+    const minLeft = padding
+    const maxLeft = viewportWidth - padding - tooltipRect.width
+
+    if (desiredLeft >= minLeft && desiredLeft <= maxLeft) {
+      setComputedStyle(null)
+      return
+    }
+
+    const clampedLeft = Math.max(minLeft, Math.min(maxLeft, desiredLeft))
+    setComputedStyle({
+      left: clampedLeft,
+      arrowLeft: position.left - clampedLeft,
+    })
+  }, [isVisible, position, effectiveBottom])
+
+  const portalContainer = useMemo(() => {
+    if (getContainer) return getContainer()
+    return wrapperRef.current?.ownerDocument?.body ?? document.body
+  }, [getContainer])
   const wrappedChild = isValidElement(children)
     ? cloneElement(children, {
         ...(ariaLabel ? { 'aria-label': ariaLabel } : {}),
@@ -73,11 +124,14 @@ export const VisualOnlyTooltip = ({
       >
         {wrappedChild}
       </div>
-      {tooltipData &&
+      {isVisible &&
+        position &&
+        portalContainer &&
         createPortal(
           <div
             aria-hidden="true"
             role="presentation"
+            ref={tooltipRef}
             className={css({
               position: 'fixed',
               padding: '2px 8px',
@@ -87,15 +141,15 @@ export const VisualOnlyTooltip = ({
               fontSize: 14,
               whiteSpace: 'nowrap',
               pointerEvents: 'none',
-              zIndex: 9999,
+              zIndex: 100001,
               boxShadow: '0 8px 20px rgba(0 0 0 / 0.1)',
               '&::after': {
                 content: '""',
                 position: 'absolute',
-                left: '50%',
+                left: 'var(--tooltip-arrow-left, 50%)',
                 transform: 'translateX(-50%)',
                 border: '4px solid transparent',
-                ...(isBottom
+                ...(effectiveBottom
                   ? {
                       bottom: '100%',
                       borderBottomColor: 'primaryDark.100',
@@ -107,16 +161,27 @@ export const VisualOnlyTooltip = ({
               },
             })}
             style={{
-              top: `${tooltipData.position.top}px`,
-              left: `${tooltipData.position.left}px`,
-              transform: isBottom
-                ? 'translate(-50%, 0)'
-                : 'translate(-50%, -100%)',
+              top: `${position.top}px`,
+              left: computedStyle
+                ? `${computedStyle.left}px`
+                : `${position.left}px`,
+              transform: computedStyle
+                ? effectiveBottom
+                  ? 'translateY(0)'
+                  : 'translateY(-100%)'
+                : effectiveBottom
+                  ? 'translate(-50%, 0)'
+                  : 'translate(-50%, -100%)',
+              ...(computedStyle
+                ? {
+                    '--tooltip-arrow-left': `${computedStyle.arrowLeft}px`,
+                  }
+                : null),
             }}
           >
             {tooltip}
           </div>,
-          document.body
+          portalContainer
         )}
     </>
   )

src/frontend/src/primitives/useOverlayPortalContainer.tsx

@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+import { useMemo } from 'react'
+import { useUNSAFE_PortalContext } from '@react-aria/overlays'
+
+/**
+ * Hook to retrieve the portal container for overlays (menus, tooltips, popovers).
+ * Returns the container from UNSAFE_PortalProvider context (pip-root in PiP, undefined in main window).
+ */
+export const useOverlayPortalContainer = () => {
+  const { getContainer } = useUNSAFE_PortalContext()
+
+  return useMemo(() => getContainer?.() ?? undefined, [getContainer])
+}
+
+/**
+ * Hook to retrieve the boundary element for overlay positioning.
+ * Returns the portal container in PiP (for PiP-relative positioning), undefined in main window.
+ */
+export const useOverlayBoundaryElement = () => {
+  const portalContainer = useOverlayPortalContainer()
+  return portalContainer
+}

src/frontend/src/stores/layout.ts

@@ -1,8 +1,5 @@
 import { proxy } from 'valtio'
-import {
-  PanelId,
-  SubPanelId,
-} from '@/features/rooms/livekit/hooks/useSidePanel'
+import { PanelId, SubPanelId } from '@/features/rooms/livekit/types/panel'
 
 type State = {
   showHeader: boolean

src/frontend/src/stores/roomPiP.ts

@@ -0,0 +1,9 @@
+import { proxy } from 'valtio'
+
+type State = {
+  isOpen: boolean
+}
+
+export const roomPiPStore = proxy<State>({
+  isOpen: false,
+})

src/frontend/src/utils/dom.ts

@@ -1,6 +1,20 @@
+const FOCUSABLE_SELECTOR =
+  'input, select, textarea, button, object, a, area[href], [tabindex]'
+
+/**
+ * Find the first focusable descendant of `root`.
+ * Works across documents (useful for the PiP window, which has its own
+ * `document`). Pass the result of `ownerDocument.getElementById(...)` to
+ * target an element in a specific document.
+ */
+export const findFirstFocusable = (
+  root: HTMLElement | null | undefined
+): HTMLElement | null =>
+  root?.querySelector<HTMLElement>(FOCUSABLE_SELECTOR) ?? null
+
+/**
+ * Wrapper for the main document. Use `findFirstFocusable` when
+ * working with a non-main document (e.g. the PiP window).
+ */
 export const getFirstControlBarFocusable = (id: string): HTMLElement | null =>
-  document
-    .getElementById(id)
-    ?.querySelector(
-      'input, select, textarea, button, object, a, area[href], [tabindex]'
-    ) ?? null
+  findFirstFocusable(document.getElementById(id))