fix(heal): cleanup consumed MRF replay journals

Do not retain Accepted or Merged replay intents as startup anchors after they have been handed to the heal manager. Only refused or still-pending replay records keep the journal on disk until a successor snapshot can persist them.

This keeps successor snapshots limited to the pending queue, which lets successful replay remove both authoritative and legacy journal paths and restores the crash-boundary tests around successor flush.

Co-Authored-By: heihutu <heihutu@gmail.com>

Co-Authored-By: zhi22915 <qiuzgang@gmail.com>
(cherry picked from commit d5b8f49c9d)

.agents/references/adversarial-validation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
+# Adversarial Review Shape
+
+Use when root `AGENTS.md` triggers adversarial validation or for a substantial PR
+review. Paths below are repository-relative. The root finding standard and
+completion rule apply; selecting a lens does not require finding a defect.
+
+Risk and review shape:
+
+- **Exempt:** documentation, comments, formatting, or typos with no runtime,
+  build, test, or agent-execution effect.
+- **Mechanical:** renames, moves, test/tooling-only changes, and agent-rule
+  changes. Run correctness and simplicity lenses.
+- **Standard:** localized behavior changes. Run one integrated final-diff pass
+  covering correctness, simplicity, and test coverage; add only domain lenses
+  matched by the diff.
+- **High risk / substantial PR review:** high risk includes locking,
+  erasure/quorum/heal, replication, multipart, RPC, lifecycle/tiering,
+  persistence/fsync, IAM/KMS/auth, cryptography, on-disk/on-wire formats, and
+  S3-visible semantics. Cover all applicable lenses using exactly two
+  independent reviewers when delegation is explicitly authorized. Split the
+  lenses between them. Otherwise perform two fresh sequential passes.
+- **Outbound client defaults:** what `TargetClient`, `PutObjectOptions`, or
+  the remote SDK configuration sends to every replication or migration target
+  is high risk for every target class even when the change fixes one. Follow
+  the SOP in `docs/postmortems/2026-09-03-replication-checksum-default-regression.md`:
+  run the outbound target matrix, document each new env knob in the same PR,
+  and list verified and unverified target classes in the PR Impact section.
+
+Available domain lenses are security, concurrency/durability, compatibility,
+and performance. Select `.agents/skills/adversarial-validation/SKILL.md` for an
+explicit adversarial request, a high-risk change, or a substantial PR review;
+then read only its matching role references. A routine standard pass does not
+load the playbook unless the reviewer needs a RustFS-specific probe.

.agents/references/implementation.md

@@ -0,0 +1,65 @@
+# Implementation Rules
+
+Applies when changing code or running artifact-heavy work. Paths below
+are repository-relative. Read only the relevant sections during read-only review.
+
+## Worktree and Disk Hygiene
+
+- Start implementation from the latest `origin/main` and confirm the requested
+  change is not already present.
+- An existing clean, isolated task worktree is sufficient. Create another
+  worktree only when the current checkout is shared, dirty with unrelated work,
+  or belongs to another task.
+- Never commit from a shared checkout.
+- Use a task-specific branch named `<type>/<topic>`, such as `fix/...`,
+  `feat/...`, `test/...`, or `docs/...`, unless the user specifies a name.
+- Do not include agent, tool, contributor, account, or organization names in
+  branch names.
+- Push to the user-requested remote or the repository's configured push remote.
+  Do not hard-code or infer a remote from an account name.
+- Check free space before artifact-heavy builds, tests, coverage, or downloads.
+  Re-check before a broad gate when space is tight.
+- Remove only task-owned temporary/build artifacts. Never delete another task's
+  worktree or uncommitted data.
+- At handoff, mention disk or cleanup details only when they affected execution
+  or artifacts/worktrees remain intentionally.
+
+## Change Style
+
+- Preserve existing control flow unless changing it is required for correctness.
+- Prefer a direct local edit over new files, wrappers, managers, or speculative
+  abstractions.
+- Add a helper only when it removes current duplication, names a real domain
+  boundary, or isolates a non-trivial invariant.
+- Remove an in-scope path superseded by the change. If compatibility requires it,
+  adapt at the boundary to one canonical core and use the repository's
+  `RUSTFS_COMPAT_TODO` policy.
+- Comments explain non-obvious invariants or reasons. Do not narrate code or
+  record change history.
+- Mention unrelated problems when useful; do not fix them in a narrow task.
+
+## Reuse and Boundary Rules
+
+- Before adding helpers, constants, fixtures, or wrappers, search the touched
+  crate, the domain-owning crate, `crates/utils`, `crates/common`, and relevant
+  direct dependencies.
+- Reuse requires matching semantics: normalization, error types, deadlines,
+  durability, and compatibility must fit the call site. A narrowly named local
+  helper is better than forced reuse with different semantics.
+- Validate untrusted input at its trust boundary, then trust the validated type.
+  Values crossing disk, RPC, persistence, or version boundaries remain
+  untrusted at every consumer.
+- Re-check boundary values immediately before destructive actions such as
+  delete, overwrite, or quorum decisions.
+- Every new branch needs a concrete triggering input/state. For decoded or peer
+  data, corruption and mixed-version input are valid triggers.
+- Required values must return a typed error when absent or corrupt; do not use a
+  default that converts corruption into a plausible result.
+- Attach error context once where it is actionable. Do not erase typed errors
+  below aggregation or quorum layers.
+
+## Naming
+
+Use Rust API naming: `SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE` constants/statics, `snake_case`
+functions/variables, and `PascalCase` types. Do not rename unrelated existing
+violations.

.agents/references/pull-requests.md

@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+# Git and Pull Request Rules
+
+Applies to commits, pushes, PRs, and issue/discussion actions. Paths below are
+repository-relative. User authorization and root `AGENTS.md` still govern scope.
+
+## Final PR Preflight
+
+Before creating or updating a PR, reuse completed review and verification:
+
+- Verify the actual base (normally `origin/main`) and the complete task diff,
+  including file names and whitespace. Exclude secrets, logs, generated
+  artifacts, and unrelated edits. Retain an existing PR's base unless requested.
+- Confirm the final diff passed the root verification tier; fix task-owned
+  failures and run missing scoped checks. Report unresolved required checks or
+  authority without expanding the task. Do not start another general review.
+- Keep the English Conventional Commit title at most 72 characters. Use the
+  template headings, actual checks, material risks, and rollback notes.
+- Immediately before writing to GitHub, confirm the head and task diff are
+  unchanged. Rerun only checks invalidated by edits or relevant state changes.
+
+## Pull Request Lifecycle
+
+- Creating or updating a PR includes one immediate snapshot of checks,
+  mergeability, reviews, and unresolved threads.
+- Unless the user explicitly requests monitoring, a release workflow requires
+  it, or an automation already owns it, hand off after the PR is open with the
+  current state and next event to watch. Do not delay ordinary handoff with
+  fixed quiet-period sleeps.
+- For requested monitoring, use event-driven or bounded waits. Report only state
+  changes, actionable failures, or a meaningful prolonged delay.
+- Investigate failures/comments before changing code. Fix task-attributable
+  issues, rerun affected verification, push, reply or resolve the thread, then
+  resume the requested monitor.
+- Never merge without required reviewer approval or explicit authority.
+- After an observed merge, verify the commit reached the base, then clean the
+  task worktree/branch when safe. Preserve unmerged work for closed PRs unless
+  deletion was explicitly authorized.
+
+## Git and PR Baseline
+
+- Follow Conventional Commits; keep the subject at most 72 characters.
+- Source comments, commits, PR titles, and PR bodies are in English.
+- Keep every heading from `.github/pull_request_template.md`; use `N/A` where
+  needed and include commands actually run.
+- Use `--body-file` for multiline `gh pr create`/`gh pr edit` content.
+- PR/issue/discussion content must not contain the literal sequence `\n` or
+  hard-wrapped prose paragraphs.
+- Do not include local absolute paths or tool-specific labels/prefixes in GitHub
+  content.
+- Resolve review threads after the underlying issue is fixed. If declining a
+  suggestion, reply with a short evidence-based reason.

.agents/skills/adversarial-validation/SKILL.md

@@ -1,11 +1,11 @@
 ---
 name: adversarial-validation
-description: Review a final RustFS diff adversarially when the user requests adversarial review, the root AGENTS.md classifies the change as high risk, or a substantial PR is being reviewed. Do not use for ordinary questions, diagnosis, planning, status, documentation-only work, or routine low-risk implementation.
+description: Review RustFS diffs or designs for explicit adversarial requests, high-risk changes under the repository review policy, or substantial PR reviews. Skip ordinary questions, diagnosis, planning, status, routine low-risk implementation, and prose with no execution effect.
 ---
 
 # RustFS Adversarial Validation
 
-Use the risk tier and review shape defined in the root `AGENTS.md`. This skill
+Use the [repository risk tiers and review shape](../../references/adversarial-validation.md). This skill
 routes a review to RustFS-specific probes without loading unrelated domains.
 
 ## Select Lenses
@@ -31,15 +31,18 @@ adversarial review.
 
 ## Review Protocol
 
-1. Freeze the exact final diff/head and list the selected lenses.
-2. Run the review shape required by root `AGENTS.md`.
+1. Freeze the exact final diff/head (or the design under review) and list the
+   selected lenses.
+2. Run the review shape required by the repository risk tier.
 3. For each selected lens, either report a concrete finding or a null verdict
    naming the attacks performed.
-4. A finding needs `file:line`, a triggering input/state/interleaving, the wrong
-   outcome, and a focused fix or missing regression check.
-5. Fix or rebut every finding with code-path, test, or invariant evidence.
+4. Apply root `AGENTS.md`'s finding standard. Test each candidate against callers,
+   existing coverage, and invariants before accepting it; an adversarial role
+   does not have to produce a defect.
+5. Fix or rebut supported findings with code-path, test, or invariant evidence.
 6. After a non-trivial edit, rerun only lenses affected by that edit against the
    new exact diff.
 
 Do not turn a null verdict into a long checklist. Record concise evidence that
-the relevant failure classes were attacked.
+the relevant failure classes were attacked, then stop under the root completion
+rule. Keep the required per-lens verdicts for high-risk PRs.

.agents/skills/adversarial-validation/references/test-coverage.md

@@ -3,9 +3,10 @@
 - For every behavior claim, name the focused test/check that fails if the
   changed hunk is reverted. If none is practical, require the reason and
   residual risk.
-- Confirm tests exercise the real production path and assert returned values,
-  exact bytes, stored state, or the specific error variant—not only success,
-  `is_err()`, or no panic.
+- Confirm tests exercise the real production path and distinguish the intended
+  behavior from the named regression. A success, `is_err()`, or no-panic check
+  can be sufficient when that is the actual contract; require exact values,
+  bytes, state, or error variants when those distinctions matter to the change.
 - For new flags/modes, verify each branch and ask which test fails if the branch
   is inverted.
 - For new error propagation, inject the failure and assert the caller observes

.agents/skills/arch-checks/SKILL.md

@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 ---
 name: arch-checks
-description: Resolve failures from the repository's architecture guard scripts — check_layer_dependencies.sh, check_architecture_migration_rules.sh, check_unsafe_code_allowances.sh, check_logging_guardrails.sh, check_doc_paths.sh. Use when make pre-commit / pre-pr or CI fails on one of these checks.
+description: Diagnose failures from check_layer_dependencies.sh, check_architecture_migration_rules.sh, check_unsafe_code_allowances.sh, check_logging_guardrails.sh, check_doc_paths.sh, or check_no_planning_docs.sh. Use when one of these guards fails, not for every architecture question or documentation edit.
 ---
 
 # Architecture Guard Checks
 
-All five run in `make pre-commit` / `make pre-pr` and in CI. Fix the cause;
-never weaken a check to get green.
+Read only the section for the failing guard. Use `.config/make/` and the current
+workflow to verify its wiring; not every guard is part of every gate. Fix the
+cause and rerun the failed guard; never weaken a check to get green.
 
 ## `check_layer_dependencies.sh` — layer DAG in `rustfs/src`
 
@@ -54,7 +55,8 @@ Instruction docs (`AGENTS.md`, `CLAUDE.md`, `ARCHITECTURE.md`) and every
 Markdown file under `docs/` (architecture, operations, testing, index) must not
 reference repo file paths that no longer exist. If your refactor moved code,
 update the docs that point at it — the error message lists `doc -> stale-path`
-pairs. Cite paths plus symbol names, never line numbers (see `docs/README.md`).
+pairs. In durable docs, cite paths plus symbol names rather than line numbers
+(see `docs/architecture/README.md`). Review findings still need `file:line`.
 
 ## `check_no_planning_docs.sh`
 

.agents/skills/code-change-verification/SKILL.md

@@ -8,19 +8,11 @@ description: Review a commit, PR, or merged patch when the user requests ordinar
 Use this skill for an ordinary requested review. If the root policy or user calls
 for adversarial validation, use `adversarial-validation` instead of running both.
 
-## Quick Start
-
-1. Read the scope: commit, PR, patch, or file list.
-2. Map each changed area by risk and user impact.
-3. Inspect each risky change in context.
-4. Report findings first, ordered by severity.
-5. Close with residual risks and verification recommendations.
-
 ## Core Workflow
 
 ### 1) Scope and assumptions
-- Confirm change source (diff, commit, PR, files), target branch, language/runtime, and version.
-- If context is missing, state assumptions before deeper analysis.
+- Derive the change source, target branch, and relevant runtime/version from the
+  supplied diff and metadata. Ask only when missing context could change the verdict.
 - Focus only on requested scope; avoid reviewing unrelated files.
 
 ### 2) Risk map
@@ -40,43 +32,20 @@ for adversarial validation, use `adversarial-validation` instead of running both
   - unchecked assumptions and null/empty/error-path handling
   - stale tests, fixtures, and configs
   - hidden coupling to shared helpers/constants/features
-- If a point is uncertain, mark it as an open question instead of guessing.
+- Apply root `AGENTS.md`'s finding standard: try to disprove a candidate before
+  reporting it. Mention an unresolved question only when it could materially
+  change the verdict; do not fill the report with speculative possibilities.
 
-#### Rust-specific checks (apply to all Rust changes)
+#### Rust-specific checks
 
-Run the full checklist in [rust-code-quality](../rust-code-quality/SKILL.md) — the canonical Rust review checklist for the unwrap/casting/cloning/locking/recursion/error-type/serde/test rules and the reuse-and-necessity checks (duplicated helpers, defensive branches without a nameable trigger, redundant error wrapping). Do not restate those rules here; carry its P0–P3 ratings over unchanged and use this skill's output format.
+For changed Rust behavior, use the matching sections of [rust-code-quality](../rust-code-quality/SKILL.md). Reuse checks already performed by the selected review workflow. Comment-only or formatting-only Rust diffs do not require the full Rust checklist. Carry its P0–P3 ratings over unchanged and use this skill's output format.
 
 ### 4) Findings-first output
-- Order findings by severity:
-  - P0: critical failure, security breach, or data loss risk
-  - P1: high-impact regression
-  - P2: medium risk correctness gap
-  - P3: low risk/quality debt
-- For each finding include:
-  - Severity
-  - `path:line` reference
-  - concise issue statement
-  - impact and likely failure mode
-  - specific fix or mitigation
-  - validation step to confirm
-- If no issues exist, explicitly state `No findings` and why.
+- Order supported findings by P0–P3 severity; preserve the Rust ratings above.
+  Include `path:line`, the failure and impact, a focused fix, and its validation.
+- If no supported issues remain, state `No findings` with the reviewed scope and
+  any material verification limitation. Do not append optional improvements to
+  make a clean review look productive.
 
-### 5) Close
-- Report assumptions and unknowns.
-- Suggest targeted checks (tests, canary checks, logs/metrics, migration validation).
-
-## Output Template
-
-1. Findings
-2. No findings (if applicable)
-3. Assumptions / Unknowns
-4. Recommended verification steps
-
-## Finding Template
-
-- `[P1] Missing timeout for downstream call`
-  - Location: `path/to/file.rs:123`
-  - Issue: ...
-  - Impact: ...
-  - Fix suggestion: ...
-  - Validation: ...
+Close after the required review. Recommend additional verification only for an
+identified unresolved risk or required gate; reuse evidence for unchanged code.

.agents/skills/issue-triage/SKILL.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 name: issue-triage
-description: Triage a GitHub issue — determine if it is already fixed, needs implementation, or should be closed. Searches related commits and PRs, verifies implementation status, and posts a triage comment or closes the issue. Use when the user provides an issue URL and asks whether it can be closed or needs work.
+description: Assess whether a GitHub issue is fixed, needs implementation, or can be closed by checking related work and current code. Use for issue completion/triage requests. Status questions are read-only; comment, close, or change labels only when the conversation authorizes that action.
 ---
 
 # Issue Triage
@@ -20,6 +20,8 @@ Read the issue body to understand what was requested. Extract:
 - Any linked PRs or commits mentioned in the body or comments.
 - Any checklist items or sub-issues.
 
+Resolve the issue repository and implementation repository separately (for example, `rustfs/backlog` tracks work in `rustfs/rustfs`). Pass the implementation repository explicitly to PR queries; the current checkout may belong to another repository.
+
 ### 2. Search for related work
 
 Search git history for commits referencing the issue:
@@ -29,26 +31,29 @@ git log --oneline --all --grep="<N>" | head -30
 
 Search for related PRs:
 ```bash
-gh pr list --search "fixes #<N> OR closes #<N> OR #<N>" --state all --json number,title,state,mergedAt
+gh pr list --repo <implementation-repo> --search "<issue-url>" --state all --json number,title,state,mergedAt
 ```
 
+Also search qualified issue references and subject keywords; for same-repository
+issues, include `#<N>`. Follow explicit links even without a text match. A search
+page with no match does not prove the work is absent.
+
 If the issue mentions specific PRs, check their status:
 ```bash
-gh pr view <PR_N> --json state,mergedAt,title
+gh pr view <PR_N> --repo <implementation-repo> --json state,mergedAt,title,mergeCommit,baseRefName
 ```
 
 ### 3. Verify implementation
 
-For each linked or related PR that is merged, verify the fix is actually present on the current main branch:
+Fetch the implementation repository's current base branch. For each merged candidate, verify its merge commit is present and inspect the current code for the claimed behavior; a commit message match alone is not proof:
 ```bash
-git log --oneline main | grep -i "<keyword>"
-# or
-git log --oneline main --grep="<PR_N>"
+git fetch <implementation-remote> <base-branch>
+git merge-base --is-ancestor <merge-commit> <implementation-remote>/<base-branch>
 ```
 
-If the issue describes a specific defect, check the relevant code to confirm the fix is in place:
+If the issue describes a specific defect, inspect the fetched base's code rather than assuming the current checkout contains it:
 ```bash
-grep -n "<pattern>" crates/<relevant>/src/<file>.rs
+git show <implementation-remote>/<base-branch>:crates/<relevant>/src/<file>.rs
 ```
 
 For issues with checklists, verify each item individually. If sub-items are tracked as separate issues, check those too:
@@ -58,13 +63,15 @@ gh issue view <SUB_N> --repo <owner/repo> --json state
 
 ### 4. Determine verdict
 
-- **All items fixed and merged**: Close with a summary comment listing what was fixed and which PRs.
-- **Some items fixed, some remaining**: Comment with status of each item. Do not close.
-- **Not yet implemented**: Comment with a summary of what remains. Do not close.
-- **Superseded or no longer relevant**: Close with explanation.
+- **All items fixed and merged**: Recommend closing; name the verified PRs and behavior.
+- **Some items fixed, some remaining**: Keep open; report each remaining item.
+- **Not yet implemented**: Keep open; report what remains.
+- **Superseded or no longer relevant**: Recommend closing with evidence.
 
 ### 5. Take action
 
+For a status-only request, return the assessment without GitHub writes. If commenting, closing, or label edits are authorized, perform only those actions; do not ask again for authority already given. Prepare the final assessment before asking for any missing authority. Write `rustfs/backlog` issue content in Chinese.
+
 Close with comment:
 ```bash
 gh issue close <N> --repo <owner/repo> --comment "<body>"
@@ -75,9 +82,9 @@ Comment without closing:
 gh issue comment <N> --repo <owner/repo> --body-file /tmp/triage.md
 ```
 
-Update issue labels if needed:
+Update labels only when label changes are authorized, using existing repository labels; never add tool-specific labels:
 ```bash
-gh issue edit <N> --repo <owner/repo> --add-label "completed" --remove-label "needs-triage"
+gh issue edit <N> --repo <owner/repo> --add-label "<existing-label>"
 ```
 
 Always use `--body-file` for multiline content, never inline `--body`.
@@ -85,27 +92,16 @@ Always use `--body-file` for multiline content, never inline `--body`.
 ### 6. Handle multi-issue batches
 
 When the user asks to check multiple issues (e.g., "check all issues by user X" or "scan backlog for closable issues"):
-1. List the issues: `gh issue list --repo <repo> --author <user> --state open --json number,title,updatedAt`
+1. List the full requested scope with pagination (for example `gh api --paginate 'repos/<repo>/issues?state=open&per_page=100'`, excluding entries with `pull_request`). Add an author filter only when the user requested one; the default page/limit is not evidence that all issues were checked.
 2. For each issue, run steps 1-5 above.
 3. Report a summary table of all triaged issues with verdicts.
 
-## Output format
+## Report
 
-### Issue Triage: #<N> — <title>
-
-**State**: OPEN / CLOSED
-**Linked PRs**: <list with merge status>
-
-#### Assessment
-<what was requested vs what is implemented>
-
-#### Verdict
-- Close — all items resolved by <PR list>
-- Keep open — <remaining items>
-- Not started — <what needs to be done>
-
-#### Action taken
-- Closed with comment / Commented / No action
+Identify the issue and current state, verified implementation/PR evidence,
+remaining items, verdict, and action actually taken. Use a table for batches;
+a single issue does not require a heading for each field. Follow step 4's
+verdicts without repeating the assessment in another template.
 
 ## Notes
 

.agents/skills/plugin-contract-guard/SKILL.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 name: plugin-contract-guard
-description: Invariants and change procedure for the target-plugin / extension system — plugin manifests, admin plugin/extension catalog and instance APIs, secret redaction, external-plugin install policy. Use when editing crates/targets (manifest, plugin, control_plane, catalog, runtime), crates/extension-schema, or rustfs/src/admin plugin_contract.rs / plugins_*.rs / extensions.rs / target_descriptor.rs.
+description: Guard changes to target-plugin manifests, extension schemas, admin catalog/instance contracts, secret redaction, and external-plugin install policy. Use when a diff changes those contracts in crates/targets, crates/extension-schema, or admin plugin/extension handlers; path membership alone, comments, and unrelated runtime internals do not trigger it.
 ---
 
 # Plugin & Extension Contract Guard

.agents/skills/pr-creation-checker/SKILL.md

@@ -1,46 +0,0 @@
----
-name: pr-creation-checker
-description: Perform the final RustFS PR preflight and draft compliant English title/body metadata immediately before creating or updating a PR. Do not use during implementation or as a second general code review.
----
-
-# PR Creation Checker
-
-Use this skill only at the PR boundary. Reuse completed diff review and
-verification evidence; do not reread the repository or rerun equivalent checks.
-
-## Preflight
-
-1. Confirm the branch is based on current `origin/main` and contains only the
-   intended task diff.
-2. Inspect `git diff --stat`, `git diff --check`, and changed file names for
-   secrets, logs, generated artifacts, or unrelated edits.
-3. Confirm the checks selected by root `AGENTS.md` passed on the final diff.
-   Do not replace focused behavioral tests with a generic gate or rerun checks
-   already covered by an unchanged umbrella run.
-4. Read `.github/pull_request_template.md`. Consult `Makefile`, `.config/make/`,
-   or CI only when the required command/current gate is uncertain.
-5. Return `BLOCKED` for an unclean scope, missing required evidence, failed
-   required checks, or non-compliant metadata.
-
-## Metadata
-
-- Title: English Conventional Commit, at most 72 characters, with no tool
-  prefix.
-- Body: English, exact template headings, `N/A` where needed, concise rationale,
-  actual verification commands, and material risks/rollback notes.
-- Use repository-relative paths; never include local absolute paths.
-- Keep prose paragraphs on one logical line and never include the literal
-  sequence `\n`.
-- Use a temporary body file with `gh pr create --body-file` or
-  `gh pr edit --body-file`; never pass multiline Markdown inline.
-
-## Output
-
-- Status: `READY` or `BLOCKED`.
-- Title.
-- Complete PR body.
-- Verification commands and results.
-- Risks or `N/A`.
-
-Immediately before the GitHub write, repeat only the five preflight checks above
-against the final head.

.agents/skills/pr-creation-checker/agents/openai.yaml

@@ -1,4 +0,0 @@
-interface:
-  display_name: "PR Creation Checker"
-  short_description: "Draft RustFS-ready PRs with checks, template, and blockers."
-  default_prompt: "Use $pr-creation-checker for final PR preflight and compliant English title/body metadata."

.agents/skills/pr-review/SKILL.md

@@ -1,147 +1,93 @@
 ---
 name: pr-review
-description: Review a GitHub PR end-to-end from a URL or number — fetch metadata, inspect the diff, run multi-role adversarial review, check CI status, and post the review comment. Use when the user provides a PR link and asks to review it.
+description: Review a GitHub PR from a URL or number using its actual base/head and risk-appropriate code review. Use when the user asks for a PR review, not a status lookup or PR wording edit. Publish a review only when authorized; delegation and monitoring follow the requested scope and root AGENTS.md.
 ---
 
 # PR Review
 
-Use this skill when the user provides a GitHub PR URL or number and asks to review it. This covers the full review lifecycle: data gathering, code review, CI verification, and posting the result.
+Use this skill for PR context and review delivery. An ordinary review request is read-only unless the conversation also authorizes posting or fixes. Reuse that authorization without asking again; prepare the review before requesting any missing publication approval.
 
 ## Prerequisites
 
-- Read `AGENTS.md` for the repository's adversarial validation policy and change-style rules.
-- The `adversarial-validation` skill handles the review role playbooks; this skill orchestrates the workflow around it.
+- Follow root `AGENTS.md`; classify risk with the [review policy](../../references/adversarial-validation.md) and consult relevant [change-style and boundary rules](../../references/implementation.md).
+- Select `code-change-verification` for ordinary review or `adversarial-validation` for explicitly adversarial, substantial, or high-risk review; do not run both on the same diff.
 
 ## Workflow
 
 ### 1. Gather PR context
 
 ```bash
-gh pr view <N> --json title,author,state,body,additions,deletions,changedFiles,commits,baseRefName,headRefName
-gh pr diff <N> --name-only
+gh pr view <N> --repo <owner/repo> --json title,author,state,body,additions,deletions,changedFiles,commits,baseRefName,headRefName,baseRefOid,headRefOid
+gh pr diff <N> --repo <owner/repo> --name-only
 ```
 
 Read the PR body and linked issues to understand the change's purpose. If the PR references an issue, fetch that too:
 ```bash
-gh issue view <ISSUE> --json title,body,state
+gh issue view <ISSUE> --repo <issue-owner/repo> --json title,body,state
 ```
 
 ### 2. Fetch the diff and classify the change
 
 ```bash
-git fetch origin pull/<N>/head:pr-<N>
-git diff main...pr-<N> --stat
+git fetch <repo-remote> <baseRefName> refs/pull/<N>/head
+git diff <baseRefOid>...<headRefOid> --stat
 ```
 
-Classify the change by risk tier (per AGENTS.md):
-- **Exempt**: docs/comments/instruction-only, formatting, typos.
-- **Mechanical**: renames, file moves, test-only or tooling changes.
-- **Standard** (default): any behavior change.
-- **High risk**: locking, erasure coding, quorum/heal, replication, multipart, RPC, lifecycle/tiering, metadata formats, persistence/fsync, IAM/KMS/auth, on-disk/on-wire formats, S3 API-visible behavior.
+Resolve `<repo-remote>` to the PR repository; do not assume the current checkout's `origin` or `main` matches. Record the exact base/head used. If either moved during fetching, refresh the snapshot before reviewing. Classify using the repository review policy; instruction changes that affect agent execution are mechanical, not exempt.
 
-### 3. Cluster changed files and delegate review
+### 3. Review the changed behavior
 
-Group the changed files into logical clusters (by crate or functional area). For each cluster, spawn a subagent with a focused review prompt that includes:
-- The cluster's changed files and their diffs.
-- The applicable adversarial role probes (from the `adversarial-validation` skill).
-- The repository's AGENTS.md rules relevant to that domain.
+Group files by functional area to trace callers and invariants. Use the root risk tier's review shape and only matching lenses. File count does not authorize delegation. When delegation is explicitly authorized, high-risk/substantial reviews use exactly two independent reviewers with the applicable lenses split between them; otherwise use two fresh sequential passes. Reviewers do not spawn further agents.
 
-For standard-tier changes: correctness adversary + simplicity adversary + test-coverage skeptic, plus every role whose domain the diff touches.
-For high-risk changes: run all seven roles.
-
-Each subagent must produce findings (concrete failure scenario with file:line) or a null report ("attacked X, Y, Z — no break found").
+Findings need a concrete failure scenario with `file:line`; a null verdict briefly names the relevant probes. Reuse existing evidence and choose local checks from the final diff under the root verification policy.
 
 ### 4. Check CI status
 
 ```bash
-gh pr checks <N>
+gh pr checks <N> --repo <owner/repo>
 ```
 
-If any checks fail, investigate:
+Investigate a failed check when it bears on a finding or the user requested CI diagnosis/merge readiness:
 ```bash
-gh run view --log-failed --job=<JOB_ID>
+gh run view --repo <owner/repo> --log-failed --job=<JOB_ID>
 ```
 
-Determine whether failures are pre-existing (on main), flaky, or caused by the PR.
+Use current evidence to distinguish pre-existing, flaky, and PR-caused failures. Do not classify them by guesswork or turn a code-only review into unrelated CI repair.
 
 ### 5. Synthesize findings
 
-Combine all subagent findings into a structured review:
-- **Summary**: one-paragraph overview of the change and overall assessment.
-- **Findings**: each finding with severity (critical/major/minor/nit), file:line, concrete failure scenario, and suggested fix.
-- **CI status**: pass/fail with notes on any failures.
-- **Verdict**: APPROVE, REQUEST_CHANGES, or COMMENT.
+Report the PR, reviewed base/head, and risk tier, then summarize the assessment.
+Use the selected review's P0–P3 ratings and root finding standard: supported
+findings with `file:line`, failure scenario, and fix, or `No findings`.
+State the observed check status, including pending or unavailable checks, and
+the verdict (`APPROVE`, `REQUEST_CHANGES`, or `COMMENT`). Do not infer a pass
+from missing checks or add style nits to populate a clean review.
 
 ### 6. Post the review
 
-Write the review body to a temp file and post via CLI:
+Only when posting is authorized, write the review body to a temp file and post via CLI. Refresh the PR head first; if it changed, review the delta and update the verdict before posting:
 ```bash
 # Request changes
-gh pr review <N> --request-changes --body-file /tmp/pr_review.md
+gh pr review <N> --repo <owner/repo> --request-changes --body-file /tmp/pr_review.md
 
 # Approve
-gh pr review <N> --approve --body-file /tmp/pr_review.md
+gh pr review <N> --repo <owner/repo> --approve --body-file /tmp/pr_review.md
 
 # Comment only (no verdict)
-gh pr review <N> --comment --body-file /tmp/pr_review.md
+gh pr review <N> --repo <owner/repo> --comment --body-file /tmp/pr_review.md
 ```
 
-For inline comments on specific lines, use the GitHub API:
-```bash
-cat > /tmp/pr_review.json <<'EOF'
-{
-  "body": "review body",
-  "event": "REQUEST_CHANGES",
-  "comments": [
-    {
-      "path": "crates/foo/src/bar.rs",
-      "line": 42,
-      "body": "finding description"
-    }
-  ]
-}
-EOF
-gh api --method POST /repos/{owner}/{repo}/pulls/<N>/reviews --input /tmp/pr_review.json
-```
+For authorized inline comments, use [the submission example](references/posting.md).
 
 Always use `--body-file` or `--input`, never inline multiline `--body`.
 
 ### 7. Handle follow-up
 
-If the review requests changes:
-- Monitor for new commits: `gh pr view <N> --json commits`
-- Re-review changed files only: `git diff pr-<N>..origin/pull/<N>/head`
-- Update the review when findings are addressed.
-
-If CI was failing due to pre-existing main breakage:
-- Comment on the PR noting the failure is pre-existing.
-- Suggest updating the branch: `gh pr update-branch <N>`
-
-## Output format
-
-### PR Review: #<N> — <title>
-
-**Author**: <author>
-**Risk tier**: exempt | mechanical | standard | high-risk
-**Changed files**: <count> across <cluster count> clusters
-
-#### Summary
-<one-paragraph overview>
-
-#### Findings
-| Severity | Location | Finding |
-|----------|----------|---------|
-| critical | file:line | concrete failure scenario |
-
-#### CI Status
-- All checks pass / Failing: <details>
-
-#### Verdict
-APPROVE / REQUEST_CHANGES / COMMENT
+Follow the [PR lifecycle](../../references/pull-requests.md) and any explicit monitoring request. For follow-up, fetch the new head and compare the recorded reviewed SHA with the new SHA; revisit affected callers and findings. Never use an unfetched `origin/pull/<N>/head` ref as evidence. Update the posted review or resolve addressed threads only within existing authorization.
 
 ## Notes
 
 - The user may ask for review in Chinese; respond in the same language but keep the review body in English per AGENTS.md rules.
 - When the user asks for "多角色对抗 review", run the full adversarial validation protocol — this skill's step 3 covers that.
 - If the PR is from a fork, check `maintainerCanModify` before attempting to push fixes.
-- For very large PRs (>50 files), cluster aggressively and delegate in parallel to keep review time reasonable.
+- For very large PRs, batch the review by functional area while keeping the same bounded review shape.

.agents/skills/pr-review/references/posting.md

@@ -0,0 +1,22 @@
+# Inline PR Review Submission
+
+Read only when an inline review is authorized. Recheck the PR head before posting and bind the review to the reviewed commit.
+
+For inline comments on specific lines, use the GitHub API:
+```bash
+cat > /tmp/pr_review.json <<'EOF'
+{
+  "commit_id": "<reviewed-head-sha>",
+  "body": "review body",
+  "event": "REQUEST_CHANGES",
+  "comments": [
+    {
+      "path": "crates/foo/src/bar.rs",
+      "line": 42,
+      "body": "finding description"
+    }
+  ]
+}
+EOF
+gh api --method POST /repos/{owner}/{repo}/pulls/<N>/reviews --input /tmp/pr_review.json
+```

.agents/skills/rust-code-quality/SKILL.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 name: rust-code-quality
-description: Run a focused Rust quality review when the user requests one, when reviewing a Rust PR/commit, or when another selected review workflow delegates Rust-specific checks. Do not auto-load for every implementation edit.
+description: Run a focused Rust quality review when the user requests one or a selected review workflow needs Rust-specific checks for changed behavior. Do not auto-load for every implementation edit, comment-only or formatting-only Rust diff, or repeat an already completed review.
 ---
 
 # Rust Code Quality Gate
@@ -8,12 +8,18 @@ description: Run a focused Rust quality review when the user requests one, when
 Use this skill for a dedicated Rust review to cover rules that `cargo clippy`
 does not catch.
 
+Search matches and checklist items are candidates, not findings. Apply the root
+finding standard; distinguish a demonstrated bug, an explicit rule violation,
+and an optional preference. P2/P3 suggestions do not need to be invented or
+included in an otherwise clean correctness review.
+
 ## Quick Start
 
 1. Identify changed `.rs` files.
-2. Run automated checks on changed files.
-3. Run manual review checklist on the diff.
-4. Resolve or rebut every finding with evidence; P0/P1 findings cannot be deferred.
+2. Run the matching candidate searches on changed files.
+3. Apply the manual checklist sections whose behavior the diff touches.
+4. Report or rebut every finding with evidence; P0/P1 findings block approval.
+   Fix them when implementation is authorized; a read-only review reports them.
 
 ## Automated Checks
 
@@ -35,7 +41,7 @@ rg -n 'Result<.*String>' <changed-files>
 rg -n 'Box<dyn.*Error' <changed-files>
 
 # 5. println/eprintln in production
-rg -n 'println!\|eprintln!' <changed-files>
+rg -n 'println!|eprintln!' <changed-files>
 
 # 6. Ordering::Relaxed usage (verify each is intentional)
 rg -n 'Ordering::Relaxed' <changed-files>
@@ -80,7 +86,7 @@ For the Rust diff under review, verify:
 - [ ] Test volume and line count are never treated as production-code growth
 
 ### Serde
-- [ ] Structs from untrusted input have `#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]`
+- [ ] Structs from untrusted input reject unknown fields where the compatibility contract permits; otherwise validate security-critical fields explicitly and test the supported input shape
 - [ ] `#[serde(default)]` not used on security-critical fields without validation
 
 ### Code Hygiene
@@ -104,20 +110,7 @@ For the Rust diff under review, verify:
 
 ## Output Template
 
-```
-## Rust Code Quality Report
-
-### Automated Scan
-- unwrap/expect candidates inspected: N
-- numeric-cast candidates inspected: N
-- error-type candidates inspected: N
-- output-macro candidates inspected: N
-
-### Findings
-- [P1] `path:line` — description
-  - Fix: ...
-  - Validation: ...
-
-### Verdict
-PASS / BLOCKED (list blocking findings)
-```
+Use the calling review's output format. For a standalone review, report supported
+findings with severity, location, impact, fix, and validation, or `No findings`.
+Include only material unverified checks. Candidate counts are not a quality
+metric and do not need a separate scan report.

.agents/skills/rustfs-release-publish/SKILL.md

@@ -4,9 +4,14 @@ description: "Run the end-to-end RustFS console gate, version bump, preview vali
 ---
 # RustFS Release Publish (preview-validated pipeline)
 
-This skill orchestrates a full release. It wraps `rustfs-release-version-bump` (which only edits version files and opens the PR) with a mandatory preview-tag validation loop before the final tag is published.
+This skill orchestrates a full release. It wraps `rustfs-release-version-bump` (invoked here with the authorized commit/push/PR scope) with a mandatory preview-tag validation loop before the final tag is published.
 
-Core design: **version files never carry a `-preview.N` suffix**. The preview suffix exists only in tag names. A preview tag creates a visible GitHub Release marked Prerelease and uploads versioned assets, but it never becomes GitHub Latest and never updates `*-latest`, `latest.json`, R2, Docker, or Helm channels. That Release is temporary: `build.yml` deletes it automatically once the final tag's Release is published, so the Releases page ends up carrying deliverables only while the `-preview.N` tags stay behind as the traceability record. This works because the binary self-reports the git tag it was built from (`build::TAG` via shadow_rs, see `rustfs/src/config/cli.rs` `SHORT_VERSION`), and `build.yml` derives artifact names and preview classification from the tag name — Cargo.toml's version is only a no-tag fallback. Therefore the preview tag and the final tag can (and MUST) point at the exact same commit: what you validated is byte-for-byte the source that ships.
+The binary reports its build tag (`build::TAG` via shadow_rs; `SHORT_VERSION` in
+`rustfs/src/config/cli.rs`), and `build.yml` derives asset names and preview
+classification from that tag. Cargo.toml supplies only the no-tag fallback.
+Preview and final tags must therefore share the validated source commit;
+their tag-dependent version and asset names differ. The channel and cleanup
+constraints are defined once under Preview tag naming and Hard rules below.
 
 Pipeline shape:
 
@@ -29,9 +34,9 @@ On validation failure: fix lands on main via normal PR (version files are alread
 - Final target version, for example `1.0.0-beta.10`.
 - Preview iteration `N` (default: next unused preview tag for that target; check with `git tag -l '<target>-preview.*'` after `git fetch --tags`).
 
-If the target version is missing or ambiguous, stop and ask before doing anything (see the semver gate below).
+If the target version is missing or ambiguous, collect the current release/tag baseline and ask before version edits or publication. Continue independent read-only preflight while the answer is pending (see the semver gate below).
 
-## Semver gate — confirm the target version before touching anything
+## Semver gate — resolve the target before version edits or publication
 
 Versions follow [SemVer 2.0.0](https://semver.org/). Precedence reminder:
 
@@ -43,7 +48,7 @@ Numeric prerelease identifiers compare numerically (`beta.9 < beta.10`), not lex
 
 Rules:
 
-- A request like "发个版" / "release the next version" without an exact version string is ALWAYS ambiguous. Derive the current latest tag (`git tag --sort=-v:refname | head`), then ask the user to choose via AskUserQuestion with concrete candidates, e.g. from `1.0.0-beta.10`: next prerelease `1.0.0-beta.11`, promote to `1.0.0-rc.1`, promote to stable `1.0.0`. Never guess between these — they have very different meanings (channel promotion vs. iteration) and different CI classification consequences.
+- A request like "发个版" / "release the next version" without an exact version string is ALWAYS ambiguous. Derive the current latest tag (`git tag --sort=-v:refname | head`), then ask the user to choose with concrete candidates, e.g. from `1.0.0-beta.10`: next prerelease `1.0.0-beta.11`, promote to `1.0.0-rc.1`, promote to stable `1.0.0`. Never guess between these — they have very different meanings (channel promotion vs. iteration) and different CI classification consequences.
 - After a stable `X.Y.Z` exists, the next version must state which component bumps: patch `X.Y.(Z+1)` for fixes only, minor `X.(Y+1).0` for backward-compatible features, major `(X+1).0.0` for breaking changes. If the user names a bump type but not a number, compute it from the latest stable tag and echo the exact resulting version back for confirmation.
 - Echo the final confirmed version string verbatim in your first status report; every later phase must use exactly that string. If at any point the user's wording and the confirmed version diverge, stop and re-confirm.
 
@@ -77,58 +82,7 @@ Rules:
 
 ### Console release gate
 
-Complete this gate before changing any RustFS version file or creating any RustFS tag. RustFS `build.yml` downloads the asset returned by `repos/rustfs/console/releases/latest`, so a successful Console build alone is insufficient.
-
-1. Read the latest published Console tag and compare it with Console `main`:
-
-```bash
-CONSOLE_REPO="rustfs/console"
-CONSOLE_LATEST=$(gh api "repos/${CONSOLE_REPO}/releases/latest" --jq .tag_name)
-gh api "repos/${CONSOLE_REPO}/compare/${CONSOLE_LATEST}...main" \
-  --jq '{status, ahead_by, behind_by, commits: [.commits[] | {sha, message: .commit.message}]}'
-```
-
-- `ahead_by == 0`: no merged Console change is waiting for release. Still verify the current latest asset using step 4, then continue to Phase 1.
-- `ahead_by > 0` and `behind_by == 0`: publish Console before continuing. Report the merged commits and select the next unused `vX.Y.Z` tag. Default to the next patch version when the changes are fixes or backward-compatible UI work; stop for confirmation if a minor/major bump is plausible.
-- Any diverged history or `behind_by > 0`: stop and resolve the Console release baseline explicitly. Do not guess a range or publish RustFS.
-
-2. Clone/fetch `rustfs/console` into a scratch directory and record its exact `main` commit. Before creating a tag, check for a `v*` tag or Release workflow already associated with that hash. If one is in progress, wait for it instead of creating another version:
-
-```bash
-CONSOLE_SCRATCH=$(mktemp -d)
-gh repo clone "$CONSOLE_REPO" "$CONSOLE_SCRATCH/console"
-git -C "$CONSOLE_SCRATCH/console" fetch origin main --tags
-CONSOLE_HASH=$(git -C "$CONSOLE_SCRATCH/console" rev-parse origin/main)
-git -C "$CONSOLE_SCRATCH/console" tag --points-at "$CONSOLE_HASH" 'v*'
-gh run list -R "$CONSOLE_REPO" --workflow release.yml --commit "$CONSOLE_HASH" --limit 5
-```
-
-If no release exists or is running for `CONSOLE_HASH`, create the selected annotated tag at that exact hash and push it:
-
-```bash
-git -C "$CONSOLE_SCRATCH/console" tag -a "<console-tag>" -m "Release <console-tag>" "$CONSOLE_HASH"
-git -C "$CONSOLE_SCRATCH/console" push origin "<console-tag>"
-```
-
-Console tags include the `v` prefix. Pushing the tag triggers `.github/workflows/release.yml` (`🚀 Release`). Remove `CONSOLE_SCRATCH` after the gate completes.
-
-3. Find the exact tag run and wait for completion:
-
-```bash
-gh run list -R "$CONSOLE_REPO" --workflow release.yml --branch "<console-tag>" --limit 1
-gh run watch -R "$CONSOLE_REPO" "<console-run-id>" --exit-status
-```
-
-4. Block until the published Release is non-draft, the latest endpoint returns the expected tag, and `rustfs-console-<console-tag>.zip` is uploaded, non-empty, and carries a `sha256:` digest:
-
-```bash
-gh release view -R "$CONSOLE_REPO" "<console-tag>" --json isDraft,isPrerelease,assets,url
-test "$(gh api "repos/${CONSOLE_REPO}/releases/latest" --jq .tag_name)" = "<console-tag>"
-test "$(gh api "repos/${CONSOLE_REPO}/releases/tags/<console-tag>" \
-  --jq '[.assets[] | select(.name == "rustfs-console-<console-tag>.zip" and .state == "uploaded" and .size > 0 and (.digest | startswith("sha256:")))] | length')" -eq 1
-```
-
-Treat a missing/mismatched asset, digest, latest tag, or failed/cancelled workflow as BLOCKED. Do not start Phase 1 until the Console gate passes. Record `CONSOLE_TAG`, `CONSOLE_HASH`, Console run URL, and Release URL for the final report.
+Read and complete [the Console gate](references/console-gate.md) before Phase 1. Verify the latest published Console asset and exact commit; if Console main is ahead, complete its release and asset verification first. A successful build alone does not satisfy this gate.
 
 ## Phase 1 — Version bump to the final target (once)
 
@@ -164,54 +118,9 @@ On a restart (N+1), refresh `PREVIEW_HASH=$(git rev-parse origin/main)` first
 - Record `PREVIOUS_DELIVERABLE`, selected from published Releases by `publishedAt` after excluding the current tag and every `-preview.N` tag. Verify `gh release view "<preview-tag>" --json body --jq .body` contains `## What's Changed` and, when `PREVIOUS_DELIVERABLE` exists, `**Full Changelog**: https://github.com/rustfs/rustfs/compare/<PREVIOUS_DELIVERABLE>...<preview-tag>`. For a repository with no previous deliverable, verify a Full Changelog link exists and record the GitHub baseline fallback.
 - Confirm preview-triggered Docker and Helm jobs are skipped. Preview validation covers the built RustFS binaries, embedded console, and rc compatibility; Docker image construction and Helm publication are deferred to the final tag because the Dockerfiles consume GitHub Release assets.
 
-## Phase 4 — Run the artifact locally, verify the console
+## Phases 4–5 — Local artifact, Console, and rc acceptance
 
-Work inside the session scratchpad directory; never leave stray data dirs.
-
-```bash
-gh release download "<preview-tag>" -p "rustfs-macos-aarch64-v<preview-tag>.zip" -D "$SCRATCH"
-cd "$SCRATCH" && unzip -o rustfs-*.zip
-./rustfs --version        # must report the PREVIEW TAG (build::TAG), not the Cargo.toml version, plus expected short SHA
-mkdir -p data
-RUSTFS_ACCESS_KEY=rustfsadmin RUSTFS_SECRET_KEY=rustfsadmin ./rustfs ./data
-```
-
-Defaults: S3 endpoint `:9000`, embedded console `:9001`.
-
-Checks (all must pass):
-
-- `./rustfs --version` reports the preview tag name and the short SHA of `PREVIEW_HASH`. Reporting `<target>` without the `-preview.N` suffix means the build did not embed the tag — treat as FAIL and investigate before proceeding.
-- `curl -fsS http://localhost:9000/health/ready` returns ready.
-- Startup log shows the embedded console being served (this was the regression that `fix(release): require embedded console assets` guards).
-- Open `http://localhost:9001` in the browser: login with `rustfsadmin`/`rustfsadmin`; dashboard renders without JS console errors; create a bucket, upload a file, download it back (byte-identical), delete the object and bucket. Keep the server running for Phase 5.
-
-## Phase 5 — Validate with the latest rc client
-
-`rc` is the RustFS CLI client from <https://github.com/rustfs/cli>.
-
-- Ensure the latest release is installed: compare `rc --version` against `gh api repos/rustfs/cli/releases/latest --jq .tag_name`; update via `brew upgrade rustfs/tap/rc` (or download the release binary).
-- Point it at the preview server and run the command matrix, recording PASS/FAIL per command:
-
-```bash
-rc alias set preview http://localhost:9000 rustfsadmin rustfsadmin
-rc ls preview/
-rc mb preview/rel-check
-rc cp <local-file> preview/rel-check/
-rc stat preview/rel-check/<file>
-rc cat preview/rel-check/<file>          # matches source
-rc cp preview/rel-check/<file> ./out && cmp <local-file> ./out
-rc cp -r <local-dir>/ preview/rel-check/dir/
-rc find preview/rel-check --name "*"
-rc share download preview/rel-check/<file> --expire 1h   # presigned URL fetchable via curl
-rc rm preview/rel-check/<file> && rc rm -r --force preview/rel-check/dir
-rc rb preview/rel-check
-rc admin user list preview/
-rc admin user add preview/ relcheckuser relchecksecret12
-rc admin user remove preview/ relcheckuser
-rc alias remove preview
-```
-
-- Any FAIL blocks the release. Afterwards stop the server and delete the scratch data directory.
+Read and complete [preview acceptance](references/preview-acceptance.md): verify the downloaded binary's tag/SHA and readiness, exercise Console CRUD with byte-identical download, and pass the full latest-rc command matrix. Any failure blocks final publication. Retain the results for the confirmation gate below.
 
 ### Manual confirmation gate
 

.agents/skills/rustfs-release-publish/references/console-gate.md

@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+# Console Release Gate
+
+Read during Phase 0, before changing RustFS version files or tags. Follow the parent skill's release scope and authorization rules.
+
+### Console release gate
+
+Complete this gate before changing any RustFS version file or creating any RustFS tag. RustFS `build.yml` downloads the asset returned by `repos/rustfs/console/releases/latest`, so a successful Console build alone is insufficient.
+
+1. Read the latest published Console tag and compare it with Console `main`:
+
+```bash
+CONSOLE_REPO="rustfs/console"
+CONSOLE_LATEST=$(gh api "repos/${CONSOLE_REPO}/releases/latest" --jq .tag_name)
+gh api "repos/${CONSOLE_REPO}/compare/${CONSOLE_LATEST}...main" \
+  --jq '{status, ahead_by, behind_by, commits: [.commits[] | {sha, message: .commit.message}]}'
+```
+
+- `ahead_by == 0`: no merged Console change is waiting for release. Still verify the current latest asset using step 4, then continue to Phase 1.
+- `ahead_by > 0` and `behind_by == 0`: publish Console before continuing. Report the merged commits and select the next unused `vX.Y.Z` tag. Default to the next patch version when the changes are fixes or backward-compatible UI work; stop for confirmation if a minor/major bump is plausible.
+- Any diverged history or `behind_by > 0`: stop and resolve the Console release baseline explicitly. Do not guess a range or publish RustFS.
+
+2. Clone/fetch `rustfs/console` into a scratch directory and record its exact `main` commit. Before creating a tag, check for a `v*` tag or Release workflow already associated with that hash. If one is in progress, wait for it instead of creating another version:
+
+```bash
+CONSOLE_SCRATCH=$(mktemp -d)
+gh repo clone "$CONSOLE_REPO" "$CONSOLE_SCRATCH/console"
+git -C "$CONSOLE_SCRATCH/console" fetch origin main --tags
+CONSOLE_HASH=$(git -C "$CONSOLE_SCRATCH/console" rev-parse origin/main)
+git -C "$CONSOLE_SCRATCH/console" tag --points-at "$CONSOLE_HASH" 'v*'
+gh run list -R "$CONSOLE_REPO" --workflow release.yml --commit "$CONSOLE_HASH" --limit 5
+```
+
+If no release exists or is running for `CONSOLE_HASH`, create the selected annotated tag at that exact hash and push it:
+
+```bash
+git -C "$CONSOLE_SCRATCH/console" tag -a "<console-tag>" -m "Release <console-tag>" "$CONSOLE_HASH"
+git -C "$CONSOLE_SCRATCH/console" push origin "<console-tag>"
+```
+
+Console tags include the `v` prefix. Pushing the tag triggers `.github/workflows/release.yml` (`🚀 Release`). Remove `CONSOLE_SCRATCH` after the gate completes.
+
+3. Find the exact tag run and wait for completion:
+
+```bash
+gh run list -R "$CONSOLE_REPO" --workflow release.yml --branch "<console-tag>" --limit 1
+gh run watch -R "$CONSOLE_REPO" "<console-run-id>" --exit-status
+```
+
+4. Block until the published Release is non-draft, the latest endpoint returns the expected tag, and `rustfs-console-<console-tag>.zip` is uploaded, non-empty, and carries a `sha256:` digest:
+
+```bash
+gh release view -R "$CONSOLE_REPO" "<console-tag>" --json isDraft,isPrerelease,assets,url
+test "$(gh api "repos/${CONSOLE_REPO}/releases/latest" --jq .tag_name)" = "<console-tag>"
+test "$(gh api "repos/${CONSOLE_REPO}/releases/tags/<console-tag>" \
+  --jq '[.assets[] | select(.name == "rustfs-console-<console-tag>.zip" and .state == "uploaded" and .size > 0 and (.digest | startswith("sha256:")))] | length')" -eq 1
+```
+
+Treat a missing/mismatched asset, digest, latest tag, or failed/cancelled workflow as BLOCKED. Do not start Phase 1 until the Console gate passes. Record `CONSOLE_TAG`, `CONSOLE_HASH`, Console run URL, and Release URL for the final report.

.agents/skills/rustfs-release-publish/references/preview-acceptance.md

@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+# Preview Artifact Acceptance
+
+Read after Phase 3 succeeds. Complete every check below before the parent skill's manual confirmation gate. These checks cover the downloaded artifact, embedded Console, and latest rc client.
+
+## Phase 4 — Run the artifact locally, verify the console
+
+Work inside the session scratchpad directory; never leave stray data dirs.
+
+```bash
+gh release download "<preview-tag>" -p "rustfs-macos-aarch64-v<preview-tag>.zip" -D "$SCRATCH"
+cd "$SCRATCH" && unzip -o rustfs-*.zip
+./rustfs --version        # must report the PREVIEW TAG (build::TAG), not the Cargo.toml version, plus expected short SHA
+mkdir -p data
+RUSTFS_ACCESS_KEY=rustfsadmin RUSTFS_SECRET_KEY=rustfsadmin ./rustfs ./data
+```
+
+Defaults: S3 endpoint `:9000`, embedded console `:9001`.
+
+Checks (all must pass):
+
+- `./rustfs --version` reports the preview tag name and the short SHA of `PREVIEW_HASH`. Reporting `<target>` without the `-preview.N` suffix means the build did not embed the tag — treat as FAIL and investigate before proceeding.
+- `curl -fsS http://localhost:9000/health/ready` returns ready.
+- Startup log shows the embedded console being served (this was the regression that `fix(release): require embedded console assets` guards).
+- Open `http://localhost:9001` in the browser: login with `rustfsadmin`/`rustfsadmin`; dashboard renders without JS console errors; create a bucket, upload a file, download it back (byte-identical), delete the object and bucket. Keep the server running for Phase 5.
+
+## Phase 5 — Validate with the latest rc client
+
+`rc` is the RustFS CLI client from <https://github.com/rustfs/cli>.
+
+- Ensure the latest release is installed: compare `rc --version` against `gh api repos/rustfs/cli/releases/latest --jq .tag_name`; update via `brew upgrade rustfs/tap/rc` (or download the release binary).
+- Point it at the preview server and run the command matrix, recording PASS/FAIL per command:
+
+```bash
+rc alias set preview http://localhost:9000 rustfsadmin rustfsadmin
+rc ls preview/
+rc mb preview/rel-check
+rc cp <local-file> preview/rel-check/
+rc stat preview/rel-check/<file>
+rc cat preview/rel-check/<file>          # matches source
+rc cp preview/rel-check/<file> ./out && cmp <local-file> ./out
+rc cp -r <local-dir>/ preview/rel-check/dir/
+rc find preview/rel-check --name "*"
+rc share download preview/rel-check/<file> --expire 1h   # presigned URL fetchable via curl
+rc rm preview/rel-check/<file> && rc rm -r --force preview/rel-check/dir
+rc rb preview/rel-check
+rc admin user list preview/
+rc admin user add preview/ relcheckuser relchecksecret12
+rc admin user remove preview/ relcheckuser
+rc alias remove preview
+```
+
+- Any FAIL blocks the release. Afterwards stop the server and delete the scratch data directory.

.agents/skills/rustfs-release-version-bump/SKILL.md

@@ -4,17 +4,16 @@ description: "Prepare the version-file and release-asset bump for an exact RustF
 ---
 # RustFS Release Version Bump
 
-Use this skill to publish a RustFS release (alpha, beta, or stable) with a minimal, auditable diff and a complete ship flow (`edit -> verify -> commit -> push -> PR`).
+Use this skill to prepare and verify release version files. Commit, push, and PR steps apply only when included in the user's delivery scope; publishing release tags belongs to `rustfs-release-publish`.
 
 Validated baseline: release pattern used in PR `#2957`.
 
 ## Required inputs
 
 - Exact target version, for example `1.0.0-beta.4`.
-- Delivery scope:
-- Local only (`edit/verify`).
-- Local + git (`commit/push`).
-- Full GitHub flow (`commit/push/PR`).
+- Delivery scope: local (`edit/verify`), git (`commit/push`), or GitHub
+  (`commit/push/PR`). Derive it from the conversation; when unspecified, prepare
+  and verify locally without blocking on a delivery question.
 
 If target version is missing or ambiguous, stop and ask before editing.
 
@@ -23,7 +22,7 @@ Reject any target version containing `-preview`: preview identifiers are tag-onl
 ## Read before editing
 
 - `AGENTS.md` (root and nearest path-specific files).
-- `.github/pull_request_template.md`.
+- `.github/pull_request_template.md` only when preparing a PR.
 - Current branch status and diff against `origin/main`.
 
 ## Default release file scope
@@ -50,8 +49,7 @@ Only drop a file when the current repository release process clearly no longer r
 ## Step-by-step workflow
 
 1. Confirm intent and isolate scope
-- Confirm target version string exactly.
-- Confirm whether user requested local-only or full GitHub flow.
+- Use the exact target and delivery scope already supplied; ask only for a missing or ambiguous target or a material release-policy choice.
 - Inspect current branch and ensure only release-related files are touched for this task.
 
 2. Update workspace versions
@@ -82,18 +80,18 @@ Only drop a file when the current repository release process clearly no longer r
 4. Verify before shipping
 - Run:
 - `make pre-commit`
-- If `make pre-commit` fails, return `BLOCKED` with root cause and do not silently widen scope to fix unrelated issues unless user asks.
+- If `make pre-commit` fails, fix task-attributable failures and rerun affected checks. Report unresolved required checks as `BLOCKED`; do not silently widen scope to fix unrelated issues.
 
-5. Commit strategy
+5. Commit strategy (only when committing is authorized)
 - Preferred split when both parts changed:
 - `chore(release): prepare <version>` for `Cargo.toml` and `Cargo.lock`.
 - `chore(release): align release assets for <version>` for docs and packaging files.
 - If user asks for one commit, use one commit.
 - Stage only intended release files; do not include unrelated working tree changes.
 
-6. Push and PR
+6. Push and PR (only for the authorized delivery scope)
 - Push branch:
-- `git push -u origin <branch>` (first push), or `git push` (tracking already exists).
+- Use the user-requested or configured push remote: `git push -u <push-remote> <branch>` (first push), or `git push` when tracking is already configured.
 - Create PR with template headings unchanged:
 - `gh pr create --base main --head <branch> --title ... --body-file ...`
 - PR title/body must be English.

.agents/skills/security-advisory-lessons/SKILL.md

@@ -12,8 +12,9 @@ matched security surface, the concise security reference under
 ## Workflow
 
 1. Freeze the exact diff/head and identify the changed trust boundaries.
-2. Read [advisory-patterns.md](references/advisory-patterns.md), then apply only
-   the matching sections. Useful headings are
+2. Inspect the headings in [advisory-patterns.md](references/advisory-patterns.md),
+   then read the matching sections. Read the full map only for a broad security
+   audit. Useful headings are
    auth/admin, IAM/STS/OIDC, policy/plugins, S3/copy/multipart, protocols, paths,
    secrets/logging/RPC, browser/CORS/proxy, SSE, Object Lock, and serde.
 3. Trace unauthenticated, low-privilege, wrong-action/owner/bucket, malformed,

.agents/skills/security-advisory-lessons/references/advisory-patterns.md

@@ -108,9 +108,9 @@ Update this file only when an advisory adds or changes a reusable lesson, affect
 
 ### Serde deserialization and input validation
 
-- No `#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]` found across the entire codebase. Lesson: all structs deserialized from untrusted input (S3 API XML/JSON, lifecycle rules, bucket policies, replication configs) should have `#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]` to reject malformed or adversarial payloads.
+- Reject unknown fields in untrusted S3 API XML/JSON, lifecycle, policy, and replication input where compatibility permits. Check the current type and supported payload fixtures; do not infer the repository's current coverage from an older audit. Where extra fields are part of the compatibility contract, validate security-critical values explicitly.
 - `#[serde(default)]` on security-critical fields silently accepts missing values as zero/empty. Lesson: when a field has security implications (retention days, permissions, limits), validate the deserialized value explicitly rather than relying on defaults.
-- Integer fields deserialized from user input and cast with `as` (e.g., `i32 as u32`) can wrap negative values to large positives. Lesson: validate ranges before casting; use `try_into()` or clamp.
+- Integer fields deserialized from user input and cast with `as` (e.g., `i32 as u32`) can wrap negative values to large positives. Lesson: validate ranges before casting; use `try_into()` with a typed error, or clamp only when the domain explicitly requires saturation.
 - XML config typos (e.g., `"NoncurentDays"` instead of `"NoncurrentDays"`) are silently accepted when `deny_unknown_fields` is absent. Lesson: strict deserialization prevents silent misconfiguration that could cause data loss or unexpected retention behavior.
 
 ## Useful Search Seeds

.agents/skills/test-coverage-improver/SKILL.md

@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 ---
 name: test-coverage-improver
-description: Run project coverage checks, rank high-risk gaps, and propose high-impact tests to improve regression confidence for changed and critical code paths before release.
+description: Analyze a supplied coverage report or perform an explicitly requested RustFS coverage assessment, rank uncovered risks, and propose focused tests. Do not trigger for ordinary implementation verification, a single regression test, documentation wording, or release preparation without a coverage request.
 ---
 
 # Test Coverage Improver
@@ -9,58 +9,49 @@ Use this skill when you need a prioritized, risk-aware plan to improve tests fro
 
 ## Usage assumptions
 - Focus scope is either changed lines/files, a module, or the whole repository.
-- Coverage artifact must be generated or provided in a supported format.
+- Reuse a supplied coverage artifact when its revision, scope, and format match.
 - If required context is missing, call out assumptions explicitly before proposing work.
 
 ## Workflow
 
 1. Define scope and baseline
-   - Confirm target language, framework, and branch.
-   - Confirm whether the scope is changed files only or full-repo.
+   - Derive the revision and scope from the request, diff, or supplied report.
+   - Default to the affected files/module; whole-workspace coverage requires that
+     scope in the request. Ask only if a wrong scope would change the result.
 
-2. Produce coverage snapshot
-   - Rust: `cargo llvm-cov` (or `cargo tarpaulin`) with existing repo config.
-   - JavaScript/TypeScript: `npm test -- --coverage` and read `coverage/coverage-final.json`.
-   - Python: `pytest --cov=<pkg> --cov-report=json` and read `coverage.json`.
-   - Collect total, per-file, and changed-line coverage.
+2. Obtain coverage evidence
+   - First inspect a matching existing artifact; do not regenerate it merely
+     because this skill was selected.
+   - If measurement is needed, read the Coverage section of
+     [the testing guide](../../../docs/testing/README.md#coverage), check disk
+     space/tool availability, and select package/test-scoped `cargo llvm-cov`
+     using the repository's nextest configuration. `make coverage` measures the
+     whole workspace (excluding E2E) and is only for that requested scope.
+   - Collect only metrics the report supports. Missing branch/changed-line
+     coverage is unknown, not zero.
+   - If measurement cannot run, continue with code-based test proposals and
+     mark measured coverage unverified; do not invent a coverage percentage.
 
 3. Rank highest-risk gaps
    - Prioritize changed code, branch coverage gaps, and low-confidence boundaries.
    - Apply the risk rubric in [coverage-prioritization.md](references/coverage-prioritization.md).
-   - Keep shortlist to 5–8 gaps.
+   - Report up to 5–8 evidenced gaps; do not pad a small scope.
    - For each gap, capture: file, lines, uncovered branches, and estimated risk score.
 
 4. Propose high-impact tests
-   - For each shortlisted gap, output:
-     - Intent and expected behavior.
-     - Normal, edge, and failure scenarios.
-     - Assertions and side effects to verify.
-     - Setup needs (fixtures, mocks, integration dependencies).
-     - Estimated effort (`S/M/L`).
+   - For each gap, name the behavior and regression, distinguishing assertions,
+     relevant normal/edge/failure cases, necessary setup, and estimated effort.
+   - Include only scenarios and setup that apply; reuse shared fixture details.
 
 5. Close with validation plan
    - State which gaps remain after proposals.
-   - Provide concrete verification command and acceptance threshold.
+   - Give a scoped verification command and behavior-based acceptance criterion;
+     use a coverage threshold only when the task or repository requires one.
    - List assumptions or blockers (environment, fixtures, flaky dependencies).
 
-## Output template
+## Report
 
-### Coverage Snapshot
-- total / branch coverage
-- changed-file coverage
-- top missing regions by size
-
-### Top Gaps (ranked)
-- `path:line-range` | risk score | why critical
-
-### Test Proposals
-- `path:line-range`
-  - Test name
-  - scenarios
-  - assertions
-  - effort
-
-### Validation Plan
-- command
-- pass criteria
-- remaining risk
+Summarize the supported metrics, then combine each ranked gap with its proposed
+test and validation. Include source lines only when supplied or inspected;
+mark missing metrics or locations as unknown. Do not duplicate gaps and tests
+in separate templates or fill empty categories for an otherwise small report.

.agents/skills/test-coverage-improver/agents/openai.yaml

@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
 interface:
   display_name: "Test Coverage Improver"
   short_description: "Find top uncovered risk areas and propose high-impact tests."
-  default_prompt: "Run coverage checks, identify largest gaps, and recommend highest-impact test cases to improve risk coverage."
+  default_prompt: "Use $test-coverage-improver to analyze coverage for the requested scope, reuse matching reports, and propose tests for evidenced risks."

.agents/skills/tier-debug/SKILL.md

@@ -5,8 +5,11 @@ description: Debug ILM tiering / lifecycle transition issues — NoSuchVersion o
 
 # Tier / ILM Debugging
 
-Full playbook: [docs/operations/tier-ilm-debugging.md](../../../docs/operations/tier-ilm-debugging.md)
-— read it before changing tier code.
+Playbook: [docs/operations/tier-ilm-debugging.md](../../../docs/operations/tier-ilm-debugging.md).
+Read the section matching the symptom: metadata/`xl.meta`, runtime versionId,
+manual jobs, or retained-record recovery. Read the local-first expiry invariant
+before changing cleanup ordering. Before a reconcile/disposition action, read
+its entire procedure and retain its exact-evidence and confirmation gates.
 
 Quick moves:
 

.codex/config.toml

@@ -0,0 +1,5 @@
+# Bound individual tool outputs retained in context; retrieve relevant ranges
+# from task-owned log files when more evidence is needed.
+# https://learn.chatgpt.com/docs/config-file/config-reference
+
+tool_output_token_limit = 4000

.config/e2e-distributed-selection.txt

@@ -0,0 +1,2 @@
+sha256-linux=4696a43b167ac608b3b8677027c9fe9fdac3396d37c8cca11dce531c720ac6d2
+sha256-darwin=9785867929047dfd8c6f768e0d2b1e0a8fdba85216f4a4139093b1619d03ff07

.config/e2e-full-selection.txt

@@ -1,2 +1,2 @@
-sha256-darwin=a881fd7d3f5cb94654221ca85b8b30cce1b95e608824a55a15339cbc294e6d34
-sha256-linux=a2933d83dfe74ffa03410a0959333a1c48288b8469ca9f17273d449d7510c24b
+sha256-darwin=53b05ac745905809d3828c6994bdd8ecf9d20b2b61a8a9d80fe15eb62f932193
+sha256-linux=7c892afa4b9d1591b46bd79c976b647109a277284fddb3b98edced4b0297eda2

.config/e2e-smoke-selection.txt

@@ -1 +1 @@
-sha256=a2542dc86bbff56b2177efc621785c56fa7e8d813b209b7d935e1e41a9f0ad15
+sha256=5db88c6fec94d4f269c7d9cfc128bd2adc27b3d7021127e2fa0b1daccc5f900f

.config/ecstore-required-tests.json

@@ -40,6 +40,21 @@
       "invariant": "corrupt-part-arrays",
       "suite": "rustfs-filemeta",
       "name": "filemeta::test::crc_valid_but_part_arrays_corrupt_into_fileinfo_errors_not_panics"
+    },
+    {
+      "invariant": "odm-source-contract-s3",
+      "suite": "rustfs",
+      "name": "on_demand_migration::source_client::tests::s3_backend_satisfies_the_shared_backend_contract"
+    },
+    {
+      "invariant": "odm-source-contract-azure",
+      "suite": "rustfs",
+      "name": "on_demand_migration::azure::tests::azure_backend_satisfies_the_shared_backend_contract"
+    },
+    {
+      "invariant": "odm-source-contract-gcs",
+      "suite": "rustfs",
+      "name": "on_demand_migration::gcs::tests::gcs_native_backend_satisfies_the_shared_backend_contract"
     }
   ],
   "fixtures": [

.config/make/tests.mak

@@ -31,6 +31,7 @@ script-tests: ## Run shell script tests
 	./scripts/test_object_batch_bench_enhanced.sh
 	./scripts/test_hotpath_warp_ab_gate.sh
 	./scripts/test_hotpath_warp_abba.sh
+	./scripts/test_scanner_validation_harness.sh
 	./scripts/test_exact_1mib_handoff_abba.sh
 	./scripts/test_pinned_paired_abba_bench.sh
 	./scripts/test_manual_transition_runbooks.sh
@@ -46,6 +47,7 @@ script-tests: ## Run shell script tests
 	bash -n ./scripts/validate_object_data_cache_cold_stampede.sh
 	$(RUSTFS_PYTHON_BIN) ./scripts/check_object_data_cache_follower_samples.py --self-test
 	./scripts/validate_object_data_cache_cold_stampede.sh --self-test
+	./scripts/run_scanner_heal_evidence_case.sh --self-test
 
 .PHONY: test
 test: core-deps script-tests ## Run all tests (needs cargo-nextest; RUSTFS_ALLOW_CARGO_TEST_FALLBACK=1 to override)

.config/migration-gate-floor.txt

@@ -1,10 +1,11 @@
 # Committed floor for the number of tests selected by the migration-critical
 # CI gate (see scripts/check_migration_gate_count.sh, backlog#1153 infra-12).
 #
-# The floor equals the exact count of rustfs-ecstore --lib tests matching the
-# gate filter (name substrings: data_movement, rebalance, decommission,
-# source_cleanup, delete_marker) at the time this file was last updated.
+# The floor equals the exact count of rustfs-ecstore --lib tests, with the
+# test-util feature enabled, matching the gate filter (name substrings:
+# data_movement, rebalance, decommission, source_cleanup, delete_marker) at
+# the time this file was last updated.
 # CI fails if the selected count drops below this number, so renames or
 # removals that thin the gate must update this file in the same PR.
 # Adding tests does not require a bump, but bumping keeps the guard tight.
-571
+946

.config/nextest.toml

@@ -183,6 +183,13 @@ test-group = 'e2e-reliability'
 filter = 'package(e2e_test) & test(/^inline_fast_path_cluster_test::/)'
 test-group = 'e2e-inline-boundaries'
 
+# 4-node 4-drive distributed Actions suite: each case starts four rustfs
+# processes and up to sixteen data directories. Serialize across nextest's
+# process boundary so several 4x4 clusters never overlap.
+[[profile.default.overrides]]
+filter = 'package(e2e_test) & test(/^distributed::/)'
+test-group = 'e2e-cluster-nightly'
+
 # Vault KMS tests share the fixed dev-server port 8200. serial_test's #[serial]
 # does not cross nextest process boundaries, so keep every Vault-backed test in
 # one group.
@@ -526,6 +533,27 @@ path = "junit.xml"
 filter = 'package(e2e_test)'
 test-group = 'e2e-cluster-nightly'
 
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# e2e-distributed profile — 4-node 4-disk Actions suite
+# ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Storage-sensitive PR / nightly / dispatch lane owned by
+# .github/workflows/e2e-distributed.yml.
+# Each case starts four rustfs processes (and for site replication, two
+# clusters). Upgrade cases also require RUSTFS_UPGRADE_SOURCE_BINARY.
+# Serialized via e2e-cluster-nightly with no retries.
+[profile.e2e-distributed]
+default-filter = 'package(e2e_test) & test(/^distributed::/)'
+fail-fast = false
+# Decommission / rebalance cases poll for up to 180s with little stdout.
+slow-timeout = { period = "120s", terminate-after = 6 }
+
+[profile.e2e-distributed.junit]
+path = "junit.xml"
+
+[[profile.e2e-distributed.overrides]]
+filter = 'package(e2e_test)'
+test-group = 'e2e-cluster-nightly'
+
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # e2e-odm-interop profile — on-demand migration provider interop lane (ODM-20)
 # ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
@@ -586,6 +614,10 @@ path = "junit.xml"
 #     cluster-fault lane. heal_erasure_disk_rebuild is intentionally not
 #     excluded here because backlog#2213 promotes core heal rebuild coverage to
 #     this merge/main lane while retaining nightly coverage.
+#   * distributed:: — 4-node 4-disk Actions suite (S3, lock, versioning,
+#     replication, quota, observability, expand/decommission/rebalance, site
+#     replication, chaos, upgrade history/IAM). Owns [profile.e2e-distributed] and
+#     .github/workflows/e2e-distributed.yml.
 #   * on_demand_migration::interop_test — the ODM-20 provider interoperability
 #     cases, which are meaningless without a source: they run in the dedicated
 #     [profile.e2e-odm-interop] lane below, where the workflow points them at a
@@ -607,6 +639,7 @@ default-filter = """
     package(e2e_test)
     & !test(/^protocols::/)
     & !test(/^(admin_timeout_regression_test|cluster_concurrency_test|cluster_multidrive_pool_test|degraded_listing_availability_test|namespace_lock_quorum_test|object_lambda_test|stale_multipart_cleanup_cluster_test)::/)
+    & !test(/^distributed::/)
     & !test(/^replication_extension_test::/)
     & !test(/^replication_target_matrix_test::/)
     & !test(/^on_demand_migration::(concurrency_test|fault_test|interop_test|real_source_test)::/)

.config/scanner-heal-required-tests.json

@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+{
+  "schema": 1,
+  "cases": {
+    "background-target-restart": {
+      "gate": "G14",
+      "task": "W21",
+      "lane": "e2e-nightly",
+      "suite": "e2e_test",
+      "name": "heal_erasure_disk_rebuild_test::tests::test_cluster_root_heal_recovers_remote_shards_after_background_target_restart",
+      "oracle": "background-target-restart.json",
+      "evidence": "process-restart",
+      "unclean_shutdown_marker": false,
+      "min_objects": 9,
+      "max_objects": 65,
+      "topology": {"nodes": 4, "drives_per_node": 1},
+      "scope": "Target process restart, exact unversioned S3 bodies and replacement-disk shards; not power loss or EC8+4."
+    },
+    "background-target-crash": {
+      "gate": "G14",
+      "task": "W21",
+      "lane": "e2e-nightly",
+      "suite": "e2e_test",
+      "name": "heal_erasure_disk_rebuild_test::tests::test_cluster_root_heal_recovers_remote_shards_after_background_target_crash",
+      "oracle": "background-target-crash.json",
+      "evidence": "process-crash-restart",
+      "unclean_shutdown_marker": true,
+      "min_objects": 9,
+      "max_objects": 65,
+      "topology": {"nodes": 4, "drives_per_node": 1},
+      "scope": "Target process killed during partial background rebuild, real unclean-shutdown marker, exact unversioned S3 bodies and replacement-disk shards; not power loss or EC8+4."
+    }
+  },
+  "release_pending": {
+    "G01": "W02/W04 complete root and quota authority coverage",
+    "G02": "W03 bounded checkpoint progress and independent version inventory",
+    "G03": "W17/W18 exact scoped ACK with durable publication and mixed peers",
+    "G04": "W03/W15/W16 crash at every cache/root/floor/intent boundary",
+    "G05": "W06/W07 per-object outcomes and bounded terminal retention",
+    "G06": "W06/W08/W23 concurrent status, legacy clients and truncation",
+    "G07": "W12/W13/W14 durable MRF responsibility at every commit boundary",
+    "G08": "W12/W13/W14 MRF capacity, disk-full and replica-loss matrix",
+    "G09": "W13/W18/W23 actual mixed-version reader/writer and rollback payloads",
+    "G10": "W05/W09/W10/W11 bounded scheduling and pressure recovery",
+    "G11": "W04/W19/W24 maintenance and complete producer coverage",
+    "G12": "W02/W15/W16 both quota paths during reset and settlement",
+    "G13": "W07/W14 quorum-minus-one, unknown disks, remount, Object Lock, dry-run, grace and commit tail",
+    "G14": "W20/W21 same-window field evidence; 3x4 EC8+4 and multi-set/pool coverage",
+    "P1": "W20 measured cold-walk share and foreground latency/throughput",
+    "P2": "W20/W24 measured post-stop convergence and cold segment reuse",
+    "P3": "W20 measured two-hour pressure/heal capacity and recovery window",
+    "P4": "W20 measured MRF scale and replay cost with retained responsibility",
+    "R-E": "W03/W05 fixed-budget real process restart through enumeration and classification",
+    "R-D": "W07/W14 manager-to-event-to-ledger exact disposition, including grace",
+    "R-L": "W13/W14 legacy source conflicts, migration gaps and crash-safe source retirement"
+  }
+}

.github/scheduled-validations.json

@@ -4,6 +4,11 @@
   { "workflow": ".github/workflows/ci.yml", "max_age_hours": 192 },
   { "workflow": ".github/workflows/coverage.yml", "max_age_hours": 192 },
   { "workflow": ".github/workflows/e2e-replication-nightly.yml", "max_age_hours": 36 },
+  {
+    "workflow": ".github/workflows/e2e-distributed.yml",
+    "max_age_hours": 36,
+    "never_ran_grace_until": "2026-09-18T00:00:00Z"
+  },
   { "workflow": ".github/workflows/e2e-s3tests.yml", "max_age_hours": 192 },
   { "workflow": ".github/workflows/fuzz.yml", "max_age_hours": 36 },
   { "workflow": ".github/workflows/mint.yml", "max_age_hours": 192 },

.github/workflows/ci.yml

@@ -850,6 +850,17 @@ jobs:
           cache-save-if: 'false'
           install-build-packaging-tools: 'false'
 
+      - name: Install network fault-injection tools
+        run: |
+          sudo apt-get install -y iptables
+          sudo -n iptables --version
+          # The endpoint-blackhole heal scenario needs CAP_NET_ADMIN. Containerised
+          # runners can run iptables but not touch the rule set; the test then logs
+          # a skip instead of failing, so surface that here where it is visible.
+          if ! sudo -n iptables -w 5 -S OUTPUT >/dev/null 2>&1; then
+            echo "::warning::iptables cannot read the OUTPUT chain on this runner (no CAP_NET_ADMIN); the endpoint-blackhole heal scenario will be skipped"
+          fi
+
       - name: Set up Python
         uses: actions/setup-python@ece7cb06caefa5fff74198d8649806c4678c61a1 # v6.3.0
         with:

.github/workflows/docker.yml

@@ -121,6 +121,22 @@ jobs:
           create_latest=false
           source_ref="$GITHUB_SHA"
 
+          # Pre-GA policy: until the first stable (vX.Y.Z) tag exists, every
+          # prerelease (alpha/beta/rc) also moves `latest`, so users pulling
+          # `latest` get the newest test build. Once a stable tag is published
+          # this returns false and `latest` follows stable releases only.
+          prerelease_moves_latest() {
+            local stable_tags
+            stable_tags=$(git ls-remote --tags --refs origin 2>/dev/null \
+              | awk '{print $2}' \
+              | grep -E '^refs/tags/v?[0-9]+\.[0-9]+\.[0-9]+$' || true)
+            if [[ -z "$stable_tags" ]]; then
+              return 0
+            fi
+            echo "ℹ️  Stable release tag(s) already exist; prereleases no longer update latest"
+            return 1
+          }
+
           if [[ "${{ github.event_name }}" == "workflow_run" ]]; then
             # Triggered by build workflow completion
             echo "🔗 Triggered by build workflow completion"
@@ -184,8 +200,8 @@ jobs:
                 if [[ "$version" == *"alpha"* ]] || [[ "$version" == *"beta"* ]] || [[ "$version" == *"rc"* ]]; then
                   build_type="prerelease"
                   is_prerelease=true
-                  # Current policy: create latest tags for stable releases and selected prereleases (alpha/beta).
-                  if [[ "$version" == *"alpha"* ]] || [[ "$version" == *"beta"* ]]; then
+                  # Pre-GA policy: prereleases update latest until the first stable tag exists.
+                  if prerelease_moves_latest; then
                     create_latest=true
                     echo "🧪 Building Docker image for prerelease: $version (creating latest tag)"
                   else
@@ -243,8 +259,8 @@ jobs:
               v*alpha*|v*beta*|v*rc*|*alpha*|*beta*|*rc*)
                 build_type="prerelease"
                 is_prerelease=true
-                # Current policy: create latest tags for stable releases and selected prereleases (alpha/beta).
-                if [[ "$version" == *"alpha"* ]] || [[ "$version" == *"beta"* ]]; then
+                # Pre-GA policy: prereleases update latest until the first stable tag exists.
+                if prerelease_moves_latest; then
                   create_latest=true
                   echo "🧪 Building with prerelease version: $input_version (creating latest tag)"
                 else
@@ -394,11 +410,13 @@ jobs:
           TAG_BASE="${VERSION}${VARIANT_SUFFIX}"
           TAGS="${{ env.REGISTRY_DOCKERHUB }}:$TAG_BASE,${{ env.REGISTRY_GHCR }}:$TAG_BASE,${{ env.REGISTRY_QUAY }}:$TAG_BASE"
 
-          # Add channel tags for prereleases and latest for stable
+          # Add latest when requested (stable releases, and prereleases before GA)
           if [[ "$CREATE_LATEST" == "true" ]]; then
-            # Create latest tags for stable releases and selected prereleases when CREATE_LATEST=true.
             TAGS="$TAGS,${{ env.REGISTRY_DOCKERHUB }}:latest${VARIANT_SUFFIX},${{ env.REGISTRY_GHCR }}:latest${VARIANT_SUFFIX},${{ env.REGISTRY_QUAY }}:latest${VARIANT_SUFFIX}"
-          elif [[ "$BUILD_TYPE" == "prerelease" ]]; then
+          fi
+
+          # Always add the channel tag for prereleases, independent of latest
+          if [[ "$BUILD_TYPE" == "prerelease" ]]; then
             # Prerelease channel tags (alpha, beta, rc)
             if [[ "$VERSION" == *"alpha"* ]]; then
               CHANNEL="alpha"
@@ -555,7 +573,7 @@ jobs:
             "prerelease")
               echo "🧪 Prerelease Docker image has been built with ${VERSION} tags"
               echo "⚠️  This is a prerelease image - use with caution"
-              # Create latest tags for stable releases and selected prereleases when CREATE_LATEST=true.
+              # Prereleases move latest until the first stable tag exists (pre-GA policy).
               if [[ "$CREATE_LATEST" == "true" ]]; then
                 echo "🏷️  Latest tag has been created for prerelease: $VERSION"
               else

.github/workflows/e2e-distributed.yml

@@ -0,0 +1,216 @@
+# Copyright 2024 RustFS Team
+#
+# Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+# you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+# You may obtain a copy of the License at
+#
+#     http://www.apache.org/LICENSE-2.0
+#
+# Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+# distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+# WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+# See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+# limitations under the License.
+
+# 4-node 4-disk distributed e2e lane.
+#
+# Each selected test starts a real localhost cluster via
+# `RustFSTestClusterEnvironment` (4 processes; 4 drives per node unless the
+# case is a two-site 4-node 1-drive pair or a 4-node upgrade). Membership is
+# `[profile.e2e-distributed]` in `.config/nextest.toml`. Storage-sensitive PRs,
+# nightly runs, and manual dispatches all execute the same fail-closed suite.
+# Upgrade cases download the same pinned previous release as e2e-upgrade.yml.
+#
+# Isolated pool filesystems: expand/decommission/rebalance cases require
+# independent `statfs` capacity. This job runs on GitHub-hosted
+# `ubuntu-latest` because the self-hosted `sm-standard-4` ARC pods cannot
+# create filesystems: `mount -o loop` fails with ENOENT (no
+# `/dev/loop-control`), and `mount -t tmpfs` fails with "cannot mount tmpfs
+# read-only" (no `CAP_SYS_ADMIN` in the initial namespace). The same reason
+# `uring-integration` and `e2e-s3tests.yml` left that label. The prepare
+# step mounts four 1 GiB tmpfs instances and exports `RUSTFS_E2E_POOL_ROOTS`.
+
+name: e2e-distributed
+
+on:
+  pull_request:
+    paths:
+      - "Cargo.lock"
+      - "Cargo.toml"
+      - ".config/nextest.toml"
+      - ".github/workflows/e2e-distributed.yml"
+      - "crates/audit/**"
+      - "crates/common/**"
+      - "crates/config/**"
+      - "crates/e2e_test/**"
+      - "crates/ecstore/**"
+      - "crates/filemeta/**"
+      - "crates/heal/**"
+      - "crates/iam/**"
+      - "crates/lock/**"
+      - "crates/madmin/**"
+      - "crates/notify/**"
+      - "crates/replication/**"
+      - "crates/s3-client/**"
+      - "crates/s3-ops/**"
+      - "crates/s3-types/**"
+      - "crates/scanner/**"
+      - "crates/storage-api/**"
+      - "crates/utils/**"
+      - "rustfs/**"
+  workflow_dispatch:
+    inputs:
+      filter:
+        description: "Optional nextest -E filter (default: the whole e2e-distributed profile)"
+        required: false
+        default: ""
+  schedule:
+    # 05:53 UTC nightly — clear of e2e-nightly (04:29) and ODM interop (05:23).
+    - cron: "53 5 * * *"
+
+permissions:
+  contents: read
+
+concurrency:
+  group: ${{ github.workflow }}-${{ github.ref }}
+  cancel-in-progress: ${{ github.event_name != 'schedule' }}
+
+jobs:
+  distributed:
+    name: Distributed 4-node 4-disk e2e
+    # GitHub-hosted VM: loop and tmpfs mounts work here. sm-standard-4 is an
+    # ARC pod and rejects both (`mount -o loop` ENOENT, tmpfs "read-only").
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 180
+    env:
+      FORCE_JAVASCRIPT_ACTIONS_TO_NODE24: "true"
+      NO_PROXY: 127.0.0.1,localhost
+      HTTP_PROXY: ""
+      HTTPS_PROXY: ""
+      # Pinned previous release used by distributed::upgrade_test (same pin as e2e-upgrade.yml).
+      UPGRADE_SOURCE_VERSION: 1.0.0-rc.2
+      UPGRADE_SOURCE_ASSET: rustfs-linux-x86_64-gnu-v1.0.0-rc.2.zip
+      UPGRADE_SOURCE_SHA256: 7c789386bf85278f865b8e0d359bf4edb84d5aa408cc3fa54a18c25ca74cd6e7
+    steps:
+      - name: Checkout repository
+        uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+
+      - name: Setup Rust environment
+        uses: ./.github/actions/setup
+        with:
+          rust-version: stable
+          # Dedicated key: ubuntu-latest and sm-standard-4 share runner.os, so
+          # a shared key would mix VM and ARC pod target/ artifacts.
+          cache-shared-key: ci-e2e-distributed-hosted
+          cache-save-if: ${{ github.ref == 'refs/heads/main' }}
+          install-build-packaging-tools: 'false'
+
+      - name: Prepare isolated filesystems for pool movement
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          mount_base="${RUNNER_TEMP}/rustfs-e2e-pools"
+          mkdir -p "${mount_base}"
+          roots=()
+          for pool in 0 1 2 3; do
+            mountpoint="${mount_base}/pool-${pool}"
+            mkdir -p "${mountpoint}"
+            # Sized tmpfs reports a distinct st_dev and independent 1G
+            # statfs capacity. Requires a VM runner (ubuntu-latest).
+            if ! sudo mount -t tmpfs -o size=1G,nosuid,nodev,mode=1777 tmpfs "${mountpoint}"; then
+              echo "tmpfs mount failed on $(uname -a)" >&2
+              findmnt || true
+              grep Cap /proc/self/status || true
+              exit 1
+            fi
+            sudo chmod 1777 "${mountpoint}"
+            roots+=("${mountpoint}")
+          done
+          printf -v joined_roots '%s:' "${roots[@]}"
+          echo "RUSTFS_E2E_POOL_ROOTS=${joined_roots%:}" >> "${GITHUB_ENV}"
+          findmnt --noheadings --output TARGET,SOURCE,FSTYPE,SIZE --target "${roots[0]}"
+          findmnt --noheadings --output TARGET,SOURCE,FSTYPE,SIZE --target "${roots[1]}"
+          findmnt --noheadings --output TARGET,SOURCE,FSTYPE,SIZE --target "${roots[2]}"
+          findmnt --noheadings --output TARGET,SOURCE,FSTYPE,SIZE --target "${roots[3]}"
+
+      - name: Download pinned previous release
+        env:
+          SOURCE_DIR: ${{ runner.temp }}/rustfs-upgrade-source
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          mkdir -p "$SOURCE_DIR"
+          archive="$SOURCE_DIR/$UPGRADE_SOURCE_ASSET"
+          curl --fail --location --retry 3 --output "$archive" \
+            "https://github.com/${GITHUB_REPOSITORY}/releases/download/${UPGRADE_SOURCE_VERSION}/${UPGRADE_SOURCE_ASSET}"
+          echo "$UPGRADE_SOURCE_SHA256  $archive" | sha256sum --check --strict
+          unzip -q "$archive" -d "$SOURCE_DIR"
+          chmod +x "$SOURCE_DIR/rustfs"
+          test -x "$SOURCE_DIR/rustfs"
+          echo "RUSTFS_UPGRADE_SOURCE_BINARY=$SOURCE_DIR/rustfs" >> "$GITHUB_ENV"
+
+      - name: Build rustfs binary
+        run: |
+          cargo build -p rustfs --bins
+          : > target/debug/rustfs.features
+
+      - name: Verify distributed e2e membership
+        env:
+          NEXTEST_LISTING: ${{ runner.temp }}/rustfs-e2e-distributed-list.json
+        run: |
+          cargo nextest list --profile e2e-distributed -p e2e_test --message-format json > "${NEXTEST_LISTING}"
+          python3 ./scripts/check_test_wiring.py --check-profile e2e-distributed "${NEXTEST_LISTING}"
+
+      - name: Run distributed 4-node e2e suite
+        env:
+          RUSTFS_E2E_LOG_DIR: ${{ runner.temp }}/rustfs-e2e-distributed-logs
+          FILTER: ${{ inputs.filter }}
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          if [ -n "${FILTER}" ]; then
+            cargo nextest run --profile e2e-distributed -p e2e_test -E "${FILTER}"
+          else
+            cargo nextest run --profile e2e-distributed -p e2e_test --no-tests=fail
+          fi
+
+      - name: Upload distributed e2e diagnostics
+        if: always()
+        uses: actions/upload-artifact@b7c566a772e6b6bfb58ed0dc250532a479d7789f # v6
+        with:
+          name: e2e-distributed-${{ github.run_number }}
+          path: |
+            target/nextest/e2e-distributed/junit.xml
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/rustfs-e2e-distributed-list.json
+            ${{ runner.temp }}/rustfs-e2e-distributed-logs/
+          retention-days: 7
+          if-no-files-found: warn
+
+      - name: Unmount isolated pool filesystems
+        if: always()
+        run: |
+          set -euo pipefail
+          mount_base="${RUNNER_TEMP}/rustfs-e2e-pools"
+          for pool in 0 1 2 3; do
+            mountpoint="${mount_base}/pool-${pool}"
+            if mountpoint --quiet "${mountpoint}"; then
+              sudo umount "${mountpoint}"
+            fi
+          done
+
+  alert-on-failure:
+    name: Alert on scheduled failure
+    needs: [distributed]
+    if: always() && github.event_name == 'schedule' && contains(needs.*.result, 'failure')
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+    timeout-minutes: 10
+    permissions:
+      contents: read
+      issues: write
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@9c091bb21b7c1c1d1991bb908d89e4e9dddfe3e0 # v7
+        with:
+          persist-credentials: false
+      - name: Open or update failure-tracking issue
+        uses: ./.github/actions/schedule-failure-issue
+        with:
+          github-token: ${{ secrets.GITHUB_TOKEN }}

.github/workflows/e2e-upgrade.yml

@@ -82,6 +82,14 @@ jobs:
             cache_key: e2e-odm-config-rollback
             test: rc5_rollback_requires_restoring_odm_configuration
             artifact: odm-config-rollback
+          - name: Multipart layouts survive the rc.5 upgrade
+            cache_key: e2e-multipart-layout-upgrade
+            test: direct_upgrade_from_rc5_preserves_multipart_layouts
+            artifact: multipart-layout-upgrade
+          - name: rc.5 multipart replication baseline
+            cache_key: e2e-multipart-layout-baseline
+            test: rc5_baseline_replicates_multipart_layouts
+            artifact: multipart-layout-baseline
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     timeout-minutes: 60
     env:

.github/workflows/scheduled-validation-watchdog.yml

@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ on:
       - "Continuous Integration"
       - "coverage"
       - "e2e-nightly"
+      - "e2e-distributed"
       - "e2e-s3tests"
       - "Fuzz"
       - "mint"

.github/workflows/star-history.yml

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ jobs:
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
     timeout-minutes: 10
     steps:
-      - uses: overtrue/repo-visuals-action@fd79cba437ecfac933d00a69add17eb95d3939c3 # v1.3.1
+      - uses: overtrue/repo-visuals-action@ee2c632f6ce617e851fb46ea935ee8af762ebb93 # v1.4.0
         with:
           github-token: ${{ github.token }}
           output-branch: star-history

AGENTS.md

@@ -7,8 +7,11 @@ This file contains repository-wide rules. Use the nearest subdirectory
 
 1. System/developer instructions.
 2. The current user request.
-3. The nearest `AGENTS.md`.
-4. This file.
+3. Applicable `AGENTS.md` files, with the nearest file winning conflicts.
+4. Selected skills and reference documents.
+
+Nested instructions add to ancestor rules; they do not discard non-conflicting
+rules. A skill cannot expand the user's requested scope or grant authorization.
 
 ## Operating Model
 
@@ -21,63 +24,29 @@ This file contains repository-wide rules. Use the nearest subdirectory
 - Do not load every skill or inspect unrelated modules preemptively. Select a
   skill only when its description directly matches the request or changed
   surface.
+- Resolve repository workflow skills under `.agents/skills/` when a global
+  skill has the same name, unless the user explicitly selects another path.
 - Avoid repeated reads and equivalent verification commands once enough
   evidence exists.
+- Search for relevant symbols/headings before reading long files; return only
+  matching ranges. If output is truncated, narrow the query instead of repeating
+  a full read. Keep reusable raw logs in task artifacts and report the evidence.
+- Reuse authorization already given in the conversation. Resolve routine choices
+  within that scope and continue independent work while a material question is
+  pending. Before requesting missing approval, prepare the concrete result that
+  is already authorized; retain explicit merge and release gates.
 
-## Worktree and Disk Hygiene
+## Task-Specific Guidance
 
-- Start implementation from the latest `origin/main` and confirm the requested
-  change is not already present.
-- An existing clean, isolated task worktree is sufficient. Create another
-  worktree only when the current checkout is shared, dirty with unrelated work,
-  or belongs to another task.
-- Never commit from a shared checkout.
-- Use a task-specific branch named `<type>/<topic>`, such as `fix/...`,
-  `feat/...`, `test/...`, or `docs/...`, unless the user specifies a name.
-- Do not include agent, tool, contributor, account, or organization names in
-  branch names.
-- Push to the user-requested remote or the repository's configured push remote.
-  Do not hard-code or infer a remote from an account name.
-- Check free space before artifact-heavy builds, tests, coverage, or downloads.
-  Re-check before a broad gate when space is tight.
-- Remove only task-owned temporary/build artifacts. Never delete another task's
-  worktree or uncommitted data.
-- At handoff, mention disk or cleanup details only when they affected execution
-  or artifacts/worktrees remain intentionally.
+Read only the reference needed for the current task, once per unchanged context:
 
-## Change Style
-
-- Preserve existing control flow unless changing it is required for correctness.
-- Prefer a direct local edit over new files, wrappers, managers, or speculative
-  abstractions.
-- Add a helper only when it removes current duplication, names a real domain
-  boundary, or isolates a non-trivial invariant.
-- Remove an in-scope path superseded by the change. If compatibility requires it,
-  adapt at the boundary to one canonical core and use the repository's
-  `RUSTFS_COMPAT_TODO` policy.
-- Comments explain non-obvious invariants or reasons. Do not narrate code or
-  record change history.
-- Mention unrelated problems when useful; do not fix them in a narrow task.
-
-## Reuse and Boundary Rules
-
-- Before adding helpers, constants, fixtures, or wrappers, search the touched
-  crate, the domain-owning crate, `crates/utils`, `crates/common`, and relevant
-  direct dependencies.
-- Reuse requires matching semantics: normalization, error types, deadlines,
-  durability, and compatibility must fit the call site. A narrowly named local
-  helper is better than forced reuse with different semantics.
-- Validate untrusted input at its trust boundary, then trust the validated type.
-  Values crossing disk, RPC, persistence, or version boundaries remain
-  untrusted at every consumer.
-- Re-check boundary values immediately before destructive actions such as
-  delete, overwrite, or quorum decisions.
-- Every new branch needs a concrete triggering input/state. For decoded or peer
-  data, corruption and mixed-version input are valid triggers.
-- Required values must return a typed error when absent or corrupt; do not use a
-  default that converts corruption into a plausible result.
-- Attach error context once where it is actionable. Do not erase typed errors
-  below aggregation or quorum layers.
+- Before code changes or artifact-heavy work, read [implementation rules](.agents/references/implementation.md).
+  For a read-only code review, use its change-style and boundary sections as needed.
+- Before commits, pushes, PR creation/updates, or posting to PRs/issues/discussions,
+  read [Git and PR rules](.agents/references/pull-requests.md).
+  Reuse existing authorization; a reference does not authorize posting, merging, or publishing.
+- Preserve unrelated work. Never commit from a shared checkout or delete another task's artifacts.
+- Source comments, commits, PR titles, and PR bodies are in English.
 
 ## Sources of Truth
 
@@ -147,73 +116,25 @@ requested adversarial/design reviews, and agent-instruction changes that alter
 execution. Ordinary questions, diagnoses, status reports, non-adversarial code
 reviews, and low-risk planning do not trigger it.
 
-Risk and review shape:
+For applicable work and substantial PR reviews, read the [risk tiers and review shape](.agents/references/adversarial-validation.md).
+Load only the matching domain probes; ordinary reviews do not become adversarial
+merely because this reference exists.
 
-- **Exempt:** documentation, comments, formatting, or typos with no runtime,
-  build, test, or agent-execution effect.
-- **Mechanical:** renames, moves, test/tooling-only changes, and agent-rule
-  changes. Run correctness and simplicity lenses.
-- **Standard:** localized behavior changes. Run one integrated final-diff pass
-  covering correctness, simplicity, and test coverage; add only domain lenses
-  matched by the diff.
-- **High risk / substantial PR review:** high risk includes locking,
-  erasure/quorum/heal, replication, multipart, RPC, lifecycle/tiering,
-  persistence/fsync, IAM/KMS/auth, cryptography, on-disk/on-wire formats, and
-  S3-visible semantics. Cover all applicable lenses using exactly two
-  independent reviewers when delegation is explicitly authorized. Split the
-  lenses between them. Otherwise perform two fresh sequential passes.
-- **Outbound client defaults:** what `TargetClient`, `PutObjectOptions`, or
-  the remote SDK configuration sends to every replication or migration target
-  is high risk for every target class even when the change fixes one. Follow
-  the SOP in `docs/postmortems/2026-09-03-replication-checksum-default-regression.md`:
-  run the outbound target matrix, document each new env knob in the same PR,
-  and list verified and unverified target classes in the PR Impact section.
+A review has no finding quota; `No findings` is a complete outcome. A request to
+find problems is not evidence that a defect exists. Before reporting a candidate,
+check callers, invariants, and existing tests for evidence that disproves it.
+Findings need `file:line` and a concrete failure or violation of an explicit
+requirement. Missing required tests/checks are verification gaps, not proof of a
+runtime bug; name the unprotected behavior or unmet gate. Keep optional style or
+refactoring preferences out of defect findings unless that review was requested.
 
-Available domain lenses are security, concurrency/durability, compatibility,
-and performance. Select `.agents/skills/adversarial-validation/SKILL.md` for an
-explicit adversarial request, a high-risk change, or a substantial PR review;
-then read only its matching role references. A routine standard pass does not
-load the playbook unless the reviewer needs a RustFS-specific probe.
-
-A finding must name a concrete input/state/interleaving and wrong outcome, or a
-specific missing regression check, with `file:line`. Resolve it by fixing the
-diff or rebutting it with code-path/test/invariant evidence. After a non-trivial
-fix, rerun only affected lenses.
+Fix or rebut supported findings within the authorized scope. Once the required
+passes are complete, stop. Reopen only for changed code, new evidence, an
+unresolved finding, or an explicit re-review request; an unchanged diff does not
+need another pass at every conversation turn or workflow handoff.
 
 For high-risk PRs, record one concise verdict per covered lens in the PR body.
 
-## Pull Request Lifecycle
-
-- Creating or updating a PR includes one immediate snapshot of checks,
-  mergeability, reviews, and unresolved threads.
-- Unless the user explicitly requests monitoring, a release workflow requires
-  it, or an automation already owns it, hand off after the PR is open with the
-  current state and next event to watch. Do not delay ordinary handoff with
-  fixed quiet-period sleeps.
-- For requested monitoring, use event-driven or bounded waits. Report only state
-  changes, actionable failures, or a meaningful prolonged delay.
-- Investigate failures/comments before changing code. Fix task-attributable
-  issues, rerun affected verification, push, reply or resolve the thread, then
-  resume the requested monitor.
-- Never merge without required reviewer approval or explicit authority.
-- After an observed merge, verify the commit reached the base, then clean the
-  task worktree/branch when safe. Preserve unmerged work for closed PRs unless
-  deletion was explicitly authorized.
-
-## Git and PR Baseline
-
-- Follow Conventional Commits; keep the subject at most 72 characters.
-- Source comments, commits, PR titles, and PR bodies are in English.
-- Keep every heading from `.github/pull_request_template.md`; use `N/A` where
-  needed and include commands actually run.
-- Use `--body-file` for multiline `gh pr create`/`gh pr edit` content.
-- PR/issue/discussion content must not contain the literal sequence `\n` or
-  hard-wrapped prose paragraphs.
-- Do not include local absolute paths or tool-specific labels/prefixes in GitHub
-  content.
-- Resolve review threads after the underlying issue is fixed. If declining a
-  suggestion, reply with a short evidence-based reason.
-
 ## Security Baseline
 
 - Never commit secrets, credentials, or key material.
@@ -250,12 +171,6 @@ Use `.agents/skills/rustfs-logging-governance/SKILL.md` for logging changes.
 - `DataUsageCacheInfo` and `DataUsageEntry` keep their hand-written map
   serialization and new fields remain `#[serde(default)]` for older readers.
 
-## Naming
-
-Use Rust API naming: `SCREAMING_SNAKE_CASE` constants/statics, `snake_case`
-functions/variables, and `PascalCase` types. Do not rename unrelated existing
-violations.
-
 ## Scoped Guidance
 
 Before editing, locate the nearest instructions with:
@@ -265,4 +180,4 @@ git ls-files '*AGENTS.md'
 ```
 
 The nearest file wins for domain invariants. Keep generic workflow and
-validation policy in this root file.
+validation policy in this root file and its task-specific references.

CHANGELOG.md

@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ and this project adheres to [Semantic Versioning](https://semver.org/spec/v2.0.0
 ## [Unreleased]
 
 ### Fixed
+- **Multipart admission queue**: an `UploadPart` waiting for a foreground write permit now waits at most 10 s by default (`RUSTFS_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS`, previously 30 s), so a queued part returns S3 `SlowDown` before the client's socket write timeout drops the connection. Separately, the API listener no longer forces a 4 MiB `SO_RCVBUF` on every accepted socket (kernel autotuning applies; `RUSTFS_HTTP_SOCKET_RECV_BUFFER_BYTES` restores a fixed size), so a queued part no longer lets up to 8 MiB of unread body accumulate in kernel memory per connection, which is what throttled whole nodes under SDK-default multipart concurrency. Fixes #7385.
 - **Helm Ingress**: `customAnnotations` are now merged with class-specific annotations (nginx/traefik) instead of being ignored when `ingress.className` is set.
 - **Per-pool erasure parity**: Erasure parity (STANDARD and reduced-redundancy) is now resolved independently for every pool instead of reusing the first pool's value. A heterogeneous topology — for example a 4-drive pool plus a 2-drive pool created during expansion — previously inherited the first pool's parity and could resolve to zero data shards in the smaller pool, panicking Reed-Solomon construction on write. Automatic parity now resolves per pool (for example `2+2` in the 4-drive pool and `1+1` in the 2-drive pool). Fixes #4801.
 

CLAUDE.md

@@ -13,7 +13,7 @@ what Claude Code needs on top: commands and pointers.
 cargo build --release --bin rustfs   # production binary
 cargo check -p <crate>               # fast type-check one crate
 cargo test -p <crate>                # test one crate
-cargo fmt --all                      # format (required before PR)
+cargo fmt --all --check              # for Rust changes; see AGENTS.md verification tiers
 make pre-commit                      # fast gate: fmt + arch checks + quick-check (NO clippy/tests)
 make pre-pr                          # optional full gate for broad cross-module changes
 make build-docker BUILD_OS=ubuntu22.04
@@ -42,5 +42,5 @@ make build-docker BUILD_OS=ubuntu22.04
 
 Repo-wide domain invariants (dual internal metadata keys, defensive UUID
 reads, unversioned tier buckets) live in [AGENTS.md](AGENTS.md) under
-"Cross-Cutting Domain Invariants" — read them before touching metadata or
+"Cross-Cutting Storage Invariants" — read them before touching metadata or
 tiering code.

Cargo.lock

@@ -2527,18 +2527,18 @@ checksum = "790eea4361631c5e7d22598ecd5723ff611904e3344ce8720784c93e3d83d40b"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam-channel"
-version = "0.5.16"
+version = "0.5.17"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "d85363c37faeca707aef026efa9f3b34d077bce547e48f770770625c6013679e"
+checksum = "98b0cc327b5bc766e7fda9c9260cc0fa81b43a8e240440422dff70788e3f9ef1"
 dependencies = [
  "crossbeam-utils",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam-deque"
-version = "0.8.7"
+version = "0.8.8"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "5181e0de7b61eb03a81e347d6dd8797bae9da5146707b51077e2d71a54ec0ceb"
+checksum = "622f3fc73690be383c7214310406f28a90e6edeadc3cea882f9d71e495b9711a"
 dependencies = [
  "crossbeam-epoch",
  "crossbeam-utils",
@@ -2546,27 +2546,27 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam-epoch"
-version = "0.9.20"
+version = "0.9.21"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "2d6914041f254d6e9176c01941b21115dcfb7089e55135a35411081bd106ef3f"
+checksum = "dc74980687109a3b14c72fd458107bf0baa1da1a1a805e178d15501ba9b86d9d"
 dependencies = [
  "crossbeam-utils",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam-queue"
-version = "0.3.13"
+version = "0.3.14"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "803d13fb3b09d88be9f4dbc29062c66b19bf7170867ceb746d2a8689bf6c7a26"
+checksum = "03e8bd762f7479489c70ed6c768ddca99d7296857de437a68dcb2a94365b3fae"
 dependencies = [
  "crossbeam-utils",
 ]
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crossbeam-utils"
-version = "0.8.22"
+version = "0.8.23"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "61803da095bee82a81bb1a452ecc25d3b2f1416d1897eb86430c6159ef717c17"
+checksum = "a31eee39dddec8330830986fcd7625edb5a24ec90ea038215273bbc3adb08ac6"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "crunchy"
@@ -3673,9 +3673,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "der"
-version = "0.8.1"
+version = "0.8.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a69dedd701da44b0536442edf09c81a64b0ab97a7a4a5e3d1971f00027cbc63d"
+checksum = "a878c850e9e421b20262e9b41f9c860e4785fa07541c266b62ff9d1ef998a80a"
 dependencies = [
  "const-oid 0.10.2",
  "pem-rfc7468 1.0.0",
@@ -4090,7 +4090,7 @@ version = "0.17.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "c0681a4fc24c767085329728d8dfba959af91228aa4610cca4f8ce317ba46ae0"
 dependencies = [
- "der 0.8.1",
+ "der 0.8.2",
  "digest 0.11.3",
  "elliptic-curve 0.14.1",
  "rfc6979 0.6.0",
@@ -5734,9 +5734,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "ipnet"
-version = "2.12.1"
+version = "2.12.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "6a756c3fac73139e83f14c2d742155dd2b78d3ee56597b419a0579b7bdd6dd78"
+checksum = "791930b43c0d5973160d90a8f3894509f2b273430f5c5c73b668636d0287c5c0"
 dependencies = [
  "serde",
 ]
@@ -6139,9 +6139,9 @@ checksum = "3eaf3ede3fee6db1a4c2ee091bf8a8b4dccdc6d17f656fb07896ee72867612f2"
 
 [[package]]
 name = "libflate"
-version = "2.3.1"
+version = "2.3.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "a4da9b700e758e57152a1fd1c52cbdc5727c1aa6d8743dc1acda917398f1d76c"
+checksum = "561a8da1a50e1428d3c51321dafeca849df992a5bb67720c386131234caba82e"
 dependencies = [
  "adler32",
  "crc32fast",
@@ -7933,7 +7933,7 @@ version = "0.8.0-rc.4"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "986d2e952779af96ea048f160fd9194e1751b4faea78bcf3ceb456efe008088e"
 dependencies = [
- "der 0.8.1",
+ "der 0.8.2",
  "spki 0.8.0",
 ]
 
@@ -7976,7 +7976,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "aes 0.9.3",
  "aes-gcm",
  "cbc 0.2.1",
- "der 0.8.1",
+ "der 0.8.2",
  "pbkdf2 0.13.0",
  "rand_core 0.10.1",
  "scrypt 0.12.0",
@@ -8000,7 +8000,7 @@ version = "0.11.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "451913da69c775a56034ea8d9003d27ee8948e12443eae7c038ba100a4f21cb7"
 dependencies = [
- "der 0.8.1",
+ "der 0.8.2",
  "pkcs5 0.8.1",
  "rand_core 0.10.1",
  "spki 0.8.0",
@@ -8942,9 +8942,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "redis"
-version = "1.6.0"
+version = "1.7.0"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "e37a4ca5c6ca42aa3e6df2fd32b987a65d32a4c2159a6f3fe0fd1df306a2658f"
+checksum = "2acbc41a996f7652b2ddd9dfd98cc4ff602cfd742ae35382f07f608405ab50ed"
 dependencies = [
  "arc-swap",
  "arcstr",
@@ -9326,7 +9326,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "curve25519-dalek 5.0.0",
  "data-encoding",
  "delegate",
- "der 0.8.1",
+ "der 0.8.2",
  "digest 0.11.3",
  "ecdsa 0.17.0",
  "ed25519-dalek 3.0.0",
@@ -9999,6 +9999,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustls-pki-types",
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
+ "serde_with",
  "serial_test",
  "sha1 0.11.0",
  "sha2 0.11.0",
@@ -10745,6 +10746,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "rustfs-data-usage",
  "rustfs-ecstore",
  "rustfs-filemeta",
+ "rustfs-heal",
  "rustfs-heal-contracts",
  "rustfs-lifecycle",
  "rustfs-lock",
@@ -10942,9 +10944,9 @@ dependencies = [
 
 [[package]]
 name = "rustfs-uring"
-version = "0.2.1"
+version = "0.2.2"
 source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
-checksum = "0486e62d0efe25db95c00aeacb2da84368adcba299216cda99fcb11328061c84"
+checksum = "b29bc57b4bd62a73f4fae408b536adf578332e50e464797d09dc2382c7cb68c2"
 dependencies = [
  "io-uring",
  "libc",
@@ -11419,7 +11421,7 @@ checksum = "d56d437c2f19203ce5f7122e507831de96f3d2d4d3be5af44a0b0a09d8a80e4d"
 dependencies = [
  "base16ct 1.0.0",
  "ctutils",
- "der 0.8.1",
+ "der 0.8.2",
  "hybrid-array",
  "subtle",
  "zeroize",
@@ -11993,7 +11995,7 @@ source = "registry+https://github.com/rust-lang/crates.io-index"
 checksum = "1d9efca8738c78ee9484207732f728b1ef517bbb1833d6fc0879ca898a522f6f"
 dependencies = [
  "base64ct",
- "der 0.8.1",
+ "der 0.8.2",
 ]
 
 [[package]]

Cargo.toml

@@ -191,6 +191,7 @@ rmp = { version = "0.8.15" }
 rmp-serde = { version = "1.3.1" }
 serde = { version = "1.0.229" }
 serde_ignored = { version = "0.1" }
+serde_with = { version = "3", default-features = false, features = ["macros", "std"] }
 serde_json = { version = "1.0.151" }
 serde_urlencoded = "0.7.1"
 
@@ -256,10 +257,10 @@ clap = { version = "4.6.6" }
 const-str = { version = "1.1.0" }
 convert_case = "0.12.0"
 criterion = { version = "0.8" }
-crossbeam-queue = "0.3.13"
-crossbeam-channel = "0.5.16"
-crossbeam-deque = "0.8.7"
-crossbeam-utils = "0.8.22"
+crossbeam-queue = "0.3.14"
+crossbeam-channel = "0.5.17"
+crossbeam-deque = "0.8.8"
+crossbeam-utils = "0.8.23"
 datafusion = { default-features = false, version = "55.0.0" }
 derive_builder = "0.20.2"
 enumset = "1.1.14"
@@ -306,7 +307,7 @@ rustfs-erasure-codec = { version = "8.0.2" }
 reed-solomon-simd = "3.1.0"
 regex = { version = "1.13.1" }
 rumqttc = { package = "rumqttc-next", version = "0.34.0" }
-redis = { version = "1.6.0" }
+redis = { version = "1.7.0" }
 rustify = { version = "0.7", default-features = false }
 rustix = { version = "1.1.4" }
 rust-embed = { version = "8.12.0" }

README.md

@@ -109,6 +109,15 @@ Star RustFS on GitHub and be instantly notified of new releases.
 
 ## Quickstart
 
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> **Pool expansion notice:**
+>
+> - A single-node single-drive (SNSD) deployment is supported only as a standalone local path. It cannot expand in place or be added as a Pool. To move to a multi-drive topology, create a new deployment and migrate data through S3.
+> - Keep an existing multi-drive Pool's endpoints and Erasure Set width unchanged; expand by appending a new Pool. With ellipsis-based expansion, every Pool argument must contain an ellipsis expression and expand to at least two drive endpoints.
+> - Single-node multi-drive Pools and multi-node Pools with one drive per node are allowed, subject to valid Erasure Set geometry and EC settings; acceptance does not guarantee host-failure tolerance.
+>
+> These topology rules follow MinIO, but automatic parity selection differs between the projects. See the [Pool layout compatibility and regression tests](docs/testing/pool-layout-compatibility.md) before expanding a deployment.
+
 To get started with RustFS, follow these steps:
 
 ### 1. One-click Installation (Option 1)

README_ZH.md

@@ -89,6 +89,15 @@ RustFS 是一个基于 Rust 构建的高性能分布式对象存储系统。Rust
 
 ## 快速开始
 
+> [!IMPORTANT]
+> **Pool 扩容 Notice：**
+>
+> - 单节点单盘（SNSD）部署仅支持使用本地路径独立运行，不支持原地扩容，也不能作为 Pool 加入集群。如需改为多盘拓扑，请创建新部署并通过 S3 迁移数据。
+> - 已有多盘 Pool 的端点和 Erasure Set 宽度应保持不变，扩容应追加新的 Pool。使用省略号表达式扩容时，每个 Pool 参数都必须包含省略号表达式，并展开为至少两个磁盘端点。
+> - 允许单节点多盘 Pool，也允许多节点、每节点一盘的 Pool，但必须满足 Erasure Set 布局和 EC 配置要求；配置合法不代表能够容忍整台主机故障。
+>
+> 这些拓扑规则与 MinIO 一致，但两者的默认 parity 选择方式存在差异。扩容前请阅读 [Pool 布局兼容性与回归测试说明](docs/testing/pool-layout-compatibility.md)。
+
 请按照以下步骤快速上手 RustFS：
 
 ### 1. 一键安装脚本 (选项 1)

crates/AGENTS.md

@@ -33,8 +33,11 @@ Applies to all paths under `crates/`.
 
 ## Type Casting
 
-- Never use `as` for numeric conversions that may truncate or overflow. Use `try_into()` with explicit error handling, or clamp with `value.max(0) as usize` when the domain is bounded.
-- `f64 as usize` saturates but is fragile; clamp to `[0, usize::MAX as f64]` first.
+- Never use `as` for numeric conversions that may truncate or overflow. Use
+  `try_into()` with typed error handling; clamp or saturate only when the domain
+  explicitly requires it.
+- Before converting floating-point input to an integer, validate finiteness,
+  sign, and the destination range. A lower-bound clamp alone is insufficient.
 - Treat every `as` cast in a PR review as a potential bug; require justification.
 
 ## Testing

crates/common/src/mrf_channel.rs

@@ -422,9 +422,9 @@ fn unix_now_ms() -> u64 {
         .unwrap_or(0)
 }
 
-/// A repair the MRF consumer landed, fanned out so retry ledgers can drop
-/// entries the journal no longer tracks (backlog#1894 axis B). The payload
-/// mirrors the intent identity so consumers match without re-parsing.
+/// Legacy, unverified repair notice. Its identity lacks kind, set scope,
+/// bucket incarnation and responsibility generation. Consumers must not use
+/// it to discharge persisted repair responsibility.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub struct MrfRepairedEvent {
     pub bucket: Arc<str>,
@@ -439,8 +439,8 @@ const MRF_REPAIRED_EVENT_CAP: usize = 4096;
 
 static MRF_REPAIRED_EVENTS: OnceLock<std::sync::Mutex<std::collections::VecDeque<MrfRepairedEvent>>> = OnceLock::new();
 
-/// Record that the MRF consumer landed a repair. Never blocks: the critical
-/// section is a deque push under a std mutex.
+/// Record a legacy notification for compatibility. This is not an
+/// acknowledgement of storage verification or durable repair completion.
 pub fn note_mrf_repaired(bucket: &str, object: &str, version_id: Option<[u8; 16]>) {
     let registry = MRF_REPAIRED_EVENTS.get_or_init(|| std::sync::Mutex::new(std::collections::VecDeque::new()));
     let Ok(mut events) = registry.lock() else {
@@ -515,6 +515,9 @@ mod tests {
         }
         coalescer_release(&key, Some(lease));
         let retry_lease = coalescer_admit(key.clone()).expect("released identity must admit a retry");
+        assert_ne!(lease, retry_lease);
+        coalescer_release(&key, Some(lease));
+        assert_eq!(coalescer_admit(key.clone()), Err(MrfIngressResult::Coalesced));
         coalescer_release(&key, Some(retry_lease));
     }
 

crates/config/README.md

@@ -66,6 +66,11 @@ Current guidance:
 
 - `RUSTFS_BROWSER_REDIRECT_URL` sets the externally reachable browser origin used for OIDC callback, console success redirect, and logout fallback URLs. Configure it to the public scheme and authority without a path, for example `https://console.example.com`. In load-balancer deployments, keep OIDC authorize and callback requests on the same backend node because the in-flight OIDC `state` is local to the RustFS node.
 
+## S3 API environment variables
+
+- `RUSTFS_API_OBJECT_MAX_VERSIONS` caps the number of retained versions for a single object. It defaults to `9223372036854775807`, matching MinIO's practical-unlimited default. Set a positive integer to enforce a lower per-object metadata bound.
+- `MINIO_API_OBJECT_MAX_VERSIONS` is accepted as a compatibility alias when the canonical RustFS variable is not set.
+
 ## Distributed endpoint locality
 
 - `RUSTFS_LOCAL_ENDPOINT_HOST` identifies this server's host in a distributed `RUSTFS_VOLUMES` topology without resolving every peer during startup. Set it to exactly one host, without a scheme, port, or path. It is accepted only for orchestrated URL topologies and must match at least one endpoint on the RustFS server port; invalid or unmatched values fail startup. Leave it unset to retain DNS-based locality discovery.
@@ -130,6 +135,47 @@ Scanner cycle budget controls:
   - timeout returns S3 `SlowDown`, so clients should use normal SDK retry handling.
   - this is not a fdatasync or group-commit switch. Track fdatasync batching separately with `rustfs_s3_put_object_rename_fdatasync_batch_files`.
 
+## Foreground write admission environment variables
+
+Large direct `PutObject` requests and multipart `UploadPart` requests share one
+per-process permit pool that bounds how many bodies are ingested and written
+concurrently. Small direct PUTs stay on the legacy path.
+
+- `RUSTFS_PUT_LARGE_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_ENABLE`
+  - enables the default-on pool; `false` keeps only the soft request counter.
+  - default is `true`.
+- `RUSTFS_PUT_LARGE_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_LIMIT`
+  - permits in the pool; `0` derives half of `RUSTFS_OBJECT_MAX_CONCURRENT_DISK_READS`, clamped to `32`.
+  - default is `0` (32 permits at stock settings).
+- `RUSTFS_PUT_LARGE_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_MIN_SIZE_BYTES`
+  - smallest direct `PutObject` that takes a permit; unknown-size requests always do.
+  - default is `33554432` (32 MiB).
+- `RUSTFS_PUT_LARGE_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS`
+  - how long a direct `PutObject` waits for a permit before returning S3 `SlowDown`.
+  - default is `250`.
+- `RUSTFS_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_MIN_SIZE_BYTES`
+  - smallest `UploadPart` that takes a permit; `0` gates every part.
+  - default is `0`.
+- `RUSTFS_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS`
+  - how long an `UploadPart` waits in the bounded queue for a permit before returning S3 `SlowDown`; `0` rejects immediately when the pool is full.
+  - default is `10000`. Parts wait before body ingest, so SDK-default clients that send every part of an upload concurrently drain through the pool instead of failing on a full pool.
+  - RustFS does not read the request body while a part is queued, so the client's socket write stalls for the whole wait and whatever timeout the client or an intermediary has configured competes with this value. Keep it with margin below the shortest such timeout in use (botocore applies its 60 s `connect_timeout` to the body write; the AWS SDK for Java v2 has a 30 s socket write timeout; reverse proxies add their own body timeouts); a wait that outlives the client timeout surfaces as a dropped connection instead of `SlowDown`.
+- `RUSTFS_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_MAX_PENDING`
+  - maximum `UploadPart` requests waiting for a permit at once; parts beyond it return `SlowDown` without waiting.
+  - default is `0`, which derives 16 times the permit limit (512 at stock settings).
+  - each queued HTTP/1 part holds whatever unread body the client already pushed into the connection's kernel receive buffer (an HTTP/2 part holds up to its flow-control window in process memory), so this depth also bounds that memory. RustFS leaves the receive buffer to kernel autotuning (see `RUSTFS_HTTP_SOCKET_RECV_BUFFER_BYTES` below), which keeps an unread connection at the kernel's initial size (128 KiB on current Linux).
+- `RUSTFS_PUT_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_ENABLE`, `RUSTFS_PUT_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_LIMIT`, `RUSTFS_PUT_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS`
+  - experimental strict gate that applies to every foreground write regardless of size and replaces the pool above when enabled.
+  - default is disabled; enabling it with limit `0` disables foreground write admission entirely.
+
+## HTTP listener socket environment variables
+
+- `RUSTFS_HTTP_SOCKET_RECV_BUFFER_BYTES`
+  - fixed `SO_RCVBUF` for the API listener, inherited by every accepted socket; `0` leaves the receive buffer to kernel autotuning.
+  - default is `0`. Earlier releases hard-coded 4 MiB, which Linux doubles to 8 MiB and which disables autotuning, so every connection whose body was not being read yet (a multipart part queued for a foreground write permit) could accumulate up to 8 MiB of unread body in kernel memory; at SDK-default multipart concurrency that was enough to push a node into TCP memory pressure.
+  - with autotuning the per-connection receive ceiling is the kernel's (`net.ipv4.tcp_rmem` max, 6 MiB on stock Linux) instead of the former fixed 8 MiB, so a single very high-bandwidth-delay connection may see a somewhat lower ceiling; raise `net.ipv4.tcp_rmem` first, and set this variable only on kernels without receive-buffer autotuning (illumos/Solaris) or where the sysctl cannot be changed.
+  - the send buffer stays fixed at 4 MiB because the stock Linux send autotuning ceiling (`net.ipv4.tcp_wmem` max, 4 MiB) is lower than a GB-level response stream needs.
+
 ## Remote tier timeout environment variables
 
 - `RUSTFS_TIER_REMOTE_CONNECT_TIMEOUT_SECS`
@@ -172,6 +218,14 @@ Drive timeout profile preset:
   - Then `RUSTFS_DRIVE_MAX_TIMEOUT_DURATION` legacy fallback.
   - Then the profile-derived default (`default` or `high_latency`).
 
+## Admin peer probe timeout
+
+- `RUSTFS_ADMIN_PEER_PROBE_TIMEOUT_SECS`
+  - total per-peer budget for the `server_info`/`storage_info` admin probe round; `server_info` may reconnect once and `storage_info` remains a single attempt.
+  - default is `10` seconds, preserving the previous two-attempt worst-case budget.
+  - values must be positive; `0` or an invalid value falls back to the default, and values above `60` are clamped to `60`.
+  - the setting is read by the aggregating node only; it does not change the internode RPC wire contract. Any retry shares one round deadline rather than receiving a fresh timeout.
+
 ## Startup filesystem boundary policy
 
 - `RUSTFS_UNSUPPORTED_FS_POLICY` controls startup behavior when RustFS detects local endpoint filesystems that are outside the supported production boundary.

crates/config/src/constants/api.rs

@@ -90,3 +90,15 @@ pub const ENV_API_MAX_CONNECTIONS: &str = "RUSTFS_API_MAX_CONNECTIONS";
 
 /// Default for `RUSTFS_API_MAX_CONNECTIONS` (`0` = unlimited).
 pub const DEFAULT_API_MAX_CONNECTIONS: usize = 0;
+
+/// Maximum retained versions per object.
+///
+/// The default follows MinIO and is effectively unlimited for practical
+/// deployments. Operators can lower it to bound per-object metadata growth.
+/// Environment variable: RUSTFS_API_OBJECT_MAX_VERSIONS
+/// MinIO-compatible alias: MINIO_API_OBJECT_MAX_VERSIONS
+/// Example: RUSTFS_API_OBJECT_MAX_VERSIONS=50000
+pub const ENV_API_OBJECT_MAX_VERSIONS: &str = "RUSTFS_API_OBJECT_MAX_VERSIONS";
+
+/// Default for `RUSTFS_API_OBJECT_MAX_VERSIONS`.
+pub const DEFAULT_API_OBJECT_MAX_VERSIONS: u64 = 9_223_372_036_854_775_807;

crates/config/src/constants/internode.rs

@@ -39,6 +39,15 @@ pub const DEFAULT_INTERNODE_HTTP2_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 20;
 pub const ENV_INTERNODE_RPC_TIMEOUT_SECS: &str = "RUSTFS_INTERNODE_RPC_TIMEOUT_SECS";
 pub const DEFAULT_INTERNODE_RPC_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 30;
 
+/// Total budget for one admin peer probe round, including any reconnect retry.
+///
+/// This is intentionally separate from the transport-level RPC timeout: admin
+/// probes may retry once, but the retry must consume the same round budget.
+pub const ENV_ADMIN_PEER_PROBE_TIMEOUT_SECS: &str = "RUSTFS_ADMIN_PEER_PROBE_TIMEOUT_SECS";
+pub const DEFAULT_ADMIN_PEER_PROBE_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 10;
+pub const MAX_ADMIN_PEER_PROBE_TIMEOUT_SECS: u64 = 60;
+const _: () = assert!(DEFAULT_ADMIN_PEER_PROBE_TIMEOUT_SECS <= MAX_ADMIN_PEER_PROBE_TIMEOUT_SECS);
+
 // ── Client-side internode gRPC channel tuning (P0) ──
 // These mirror the server-side HTTP/2 transport tuning in `rustfs/src/server/http.rs`
 // on the *client* `tonic` `Endpoint` used for internode control-plane RPCs. Prior to
@@ -312,6 +321,7 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(DEFAULT_INTERNODE_HTTP2_KEEPALIVE_INTERVAL_SECS, 5);
         assert_eq!(DEFAULT_INTERNODE_HTTP2_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_SECS, 20);
         assert_eq!(DEFAULT_INTERNODE_RPC_TIMEOUT_SECS, 30);
+        assert_eq!(DEFAULT_ADMIN_PEER_PROBE_TIMEOUT_SECS, 10);
         assert_eq!(DEFAULT_INTERNODE_HTTP_TUNING_PROFILE, "legacy");
     }
 
@@ -412,6 +422,7 @@ mod tests {
             "RUSTFS_INTERNODE_HTTP2_KEEPALIVE_TIMEOUT_SECS"
         );
         assert_eq!(ENV_INTERNODE_RPC_TIMEOUT_SECS, "RUSTFS_INTERNODE_RPC_TIMEOUT_SECS");
+        assert_eq!(ENV_ADMIN_PEER_PROBE_TIMEOUT_SECS, "RUSTFS_ADMIN_PEER_PROBE_TIMEOUT_SECS");
         assert_eq!(ENV_INTERNODE_HTTP_TUNING_PROFILE, "RUSTFS_INTERNODE_HTTP_TUNING_PROFILE");
         assert_eq!(ENV_INTERNODE_HTTP_POOL_MAX_IDLE_PER_HOST, "RUSTFS_INTERNODE_HTTP_POOL_MAX_IDLE_PER_HOST");
         assert_eq!(ENV_INTERNODE_HTTP_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT_SECS, "RUSTFS_INTERNODE_HTTP_POOL_IDLE_TIMEOUT_SECS");

crates/config/src/constants/object.rs

@@ -365,13 +365,54 @@ pub const ENV_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_MIN_SIZE_BYTES: &str =
     "RUSTFS_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_MIN_SIZE_BYTES";
 pub const DEFAULT_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_MIN_SIZE_BYTES: usize = 0;
 
-/// Time in milliseconds an automatic foreground write waits for a permit.
+/// Time in milliseconds an automatic foreground direct PutObject waits for a permit.
 ///
 /// A short wait smooths transient bursts while still returning S3
 /// `SlowDown`/503 before body ingest when the node is already saturated.
 pub const ENV_PUT_LARGE_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS: &str = "RUSTFS_PUT_LARGE_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS";
 pub const DEFAULT_PUT_LARGE_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS: u64 = 250;
 
+/// Time in milliseconds a multipart UploadPart waits for a foreground write permit.
+///
+/// SDK-default multipart clients send every part of an upload concurrently, so
+/// a single node routinely sees several times more parts in flight than the
+/// permit pool allows. A queued part waits before body ingest, so the pool
+/// still bounds the number of parts being written, but the wait is not free:
+/// RustFS does not read the request body while the part is queued (hyper only
+/// sends `100 Continue` once the body is first polled, and the AWS SDKs send
+/// the body after a 1-3 s `Expect: 100-continue` grace anyway), so the
+/// client's socket write stalls once the kernel buffers fill, and whatever
+/// timeout the client or an intermediary has configured decides the outcome.
+/// botocore applies its `connect_timeout` (60 s) to the body write, the AWS
+/// SDK for Java v2 has a 30 s socket write timeout, and MinIO bounds the same
+/// wait with a 10 s request deadline. The wait must leave margin under the
+/// shortest of those, not merely fall below an SDK default, so the part
+/// receives S3 `SlowDown`/503 for the client to retry instead of losing its
+/// connection (issue #7385). `0` rejects immediately when the pool is full.
+pub const ENV_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS: &str =
+    "RUSTFS_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS";
+pub const DEFAULT_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS: u64 = 10_000;
+
+// A queued part holds the client's body write open for the whole wait. The
+// shortest write timeout among mainstream S3 SDKs is the AWS SDK for Java v2's
+// 30 s socket write timeout; keep the compiled default at no more than a third
+// of it. This locks only the default; the environment variable may still raise
+// the wait past any client timeout.
+const _: () = assert!(DEFAULT_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_WAIT_TIMEOUT_MS * 3 <= 30_000);
+
+/// Maximum multipart UploadPart requests waiting for a foreground write permit per process.
+///
+/// Parts beyond this queue depth are rejected with S3 `SlowDown`/503 without
+/// waiting, so a genuinely saturated node still fails fast instead of holding
+/// an unbounded set of connections open for the whole wait timeout. Each
+/// queued HTTP/1 part also holds whatever unread body the client already
+/// pushed into that connection's kernel receive buffer, and a queued HTTP/2
+/// part holds up to its flow-control window in process memory, so the depth
+/// bounds socket and window memory as well as connections.
+/// `0` derives the depth from the permit limit.
+pub const ENV_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_MAX_PENDING: &str = "RUSTFS_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_MAX_PENDING";
+pub const DEFAULT_PUT_MULTIPART_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_MAX_PENDING: usize = 0;
+
 const _: () = assert!(DEFAULT_PUT_LARGE_FOREGROUND_ADMISSION_ENABLE);
 
 /// Environment variable for minimum GetObject timeout in seconds.

crates/config/src/constants/tls.rs

@@ -159,6 +159,24 @@ pub const DEFAULT_HTTP1_HEADER_READ_TIMEOUT: u64 = 75;
 pub const ENV_HTTP1_MAX_BUF_SIZE: &str = "RUSTFS_HTTP1_MAX_BUF_SIZE";
 pub const DEFAULT_HTTP1_MAX_BUF_SIZE: usize = 64 * 1024; // 64 KB
 
+/// Environment variable for a fixed kernel receive buffer (`SO_RCVBUF`, bytes)
+/// on the API listener. Default: 0, which leaves the buffer to kernel
+/// autotuning.
+///
+/// A fixed `SO_RCVBUF` is inherited by every accepted socket and disables
+/// receive-buffer autotuning, so a connection whose request body is not being
+/// read yet (a multipart part queued for a foreground write permit) lets up to
+/// the fixed size of unread body accumulate in kernel memory — Linux doubles
+/// the requested value, so the former hard-coded 4 MiB held up to 8 MiB per
+/// queued connection (issue #7385). Autotuning keeps an unread connection at
+/// the kernel's initial size and grows only connections that are being
+/// drained. Set this only on kernels without receive-buffer autotuning
+/// (illumos/Solaris) or on very high-bandwidth-delay links where the kernel's
+/// autotuning ceiling (`net.ipv4.tcp_rmem` on Linux) is too low and cannot be
+/// raised.
+pub const ENV_HTTP_SOCKET_RECV_BUFFER_BYTES: &str = "RUSTFS_HTTP_SOCKET_RECV_BUFFER_BYTES";
+pub const DEFAULT_HTTP_SOCKET_RECV_BUFFER_BYTES: usize = 0;
+
 /// Environment variable for the S3 request-body inter-chunk read timeout
 /// (seconds). Default: 300. Set to 0 to disable.
 ///

crates/e2e_test/README.md

@@ -26,6 +26,7 @@ Registered in [`src/lib.rs`](src/lib.rs). Grouped by concern:
 | **protocols** | [`src/protocols/`](src/protocols) | FTPS, WebDAV, SFTP compliance. Fixed ports, own guide: [`src/protocols/README.md`](src/protocols/README.md) |
 | **reliant** | [`src/reliant/`](src/reliant) | Tests that reuse an **externally started** server (SQL/select, conditional writes, lifecycle, deleted-object reads, node-interact). Run via [`scripts/run_e2e_tests.sh`](../../scripts/run_e2e_tests.sh); see [`src/reliant/README.md`](src/reliant/README.md) |
 | **cluster** | `cluster_concurrency_test`, `stale_multipart_cleanup_cluster_test`, `namespace_lock_quorum_test`, `admin_timeout_regression_test`, `object_lambda_test`, `replication_extension_test`, `tier_stats_cluster_test` | Multi-node scenarios via `RustFSTestClusterEnvironment` |
+| **distributed 4×4** | [`src/distributed/`](src/distributed) | Storage-sensitive PR and nightly `e2e-distributed` lane: S3, object lock/WORM, versioning, bucket/site replication, quota, expand/decommission/rebalance, concurrency, chaos, 4-node upgrade of historical data and IAM AK/SK. Map: [`docs/testing/distributed-e2e.md`](../../docs/testing/distributed-e2e.md) |
 | **chaos / reliability** | [`src/chaos.rs`](src/chaos.rs), `reliability_disk_fault_test`, `heal_erasure_disk_rebuild_test`, `server_startup_failfast_test` | Disk offline/replace/corrupt, EC rebuild, heal, fail-fast startup |
 | **upgrade compatibility** | `upgrade_compatibility_test` | Pinned previous-release writes followed by current-build reads on the same data directory |
 
@@ -171,6 +172,7 @@ the same profile for membership and execution with one nightly worker.
 | KMS suite | `e2e-full` job, merge queue + main | **Active** |
 | Direct and mixed-version rolling upgrades from pinned previous release | `e2e-upgrade.yml`, storage-sensitive PRs + release tags + weekly | **Active** |
 | Cluster faults (`e2e-nightly` profile) | consolidated nightly workflow | **Active** (backlog#1149 ci-7) |
+| Distributed 4-node 4-disk (`e2e-distributed` profile) | `.github/workflows/e2e-distributed.yml` | **Active** (storage-sensitive PR / nightly / dispatch) |
 | Protocols (FTPS/WebDAV/SFTP) | consolidated nightly workflow, serial | **Active** (backlog#1149 ci-7) |
 | Replication (fast subset) | `e2e-smoke` profile, `e2e-tests` job, every PR | **Active** (backlog#1147 repl-1) |
 | Replication (slow + multi-node) | `e2e-repl-nightly` profile, consolidated nightly workflow | **Active** (backlog#1147 repl-1) |
@@ -182,6 +184,8 @@ the wiring source of truth. Committed test-ID digests under
 
 ## Troubleshooting
 
+**Endpoint blackhole scenario skipped** — `heal_erasure_disk_rebuild_test::tests::test_cluster_root_heal_recovers_after_target_endpoint_blackhole` installs a loopback `iptables` DROP rule and therefore needs `CAP_NET_ADMIN` (root or passwordless `sudo -n iptables`). A host where `iptables` is missing or cannot read the OUTPUT chain (typical inside an unprivileged container, where the nf_tables backend reports "Permission denied" even under `sudo`) logs a `heal_interruption_skipped` warning and returns without exercising heal. Set `RUSTFS_E2E_REQUIRE_NET_FAULT_INJECTION=1` on lanes that do provision the capability so a broken runner fails instead of skipping.
+
 **Reproduce a CI failure locally** — run the exact profile/lane:
 
 ```bash
@@ -191,6 +195,9 @@ cargo nextest run --profile e2e-smoke -p e2e_test
 cargo nextest run --profile e2e-full -p e2e_test
 # Cluster fault nightly lane
 cargo nextest run --profile e2e-nightly -p e2e_test
+# 4-node 4-disk distributed lane (S3 / lock / versioning / replication / decommission / chaos / upgrade)
+# Upgrade cases need RUSTFS_UPGRADE_SOURCE_BINARY; without it they fail closed.
+cargo nextest run --profile e2e-distributed -p e2e_test
 # Replication nightly lane; awscurl is required for STS paths
 cargo nextest run --profile e2e-repl-nightly -p e2e_test
 # Fixed-port protocol nightly lane

crates/e2e_test/build.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+// Copyright 2024 RustFS Team
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0.
+
+use std::path::Path;
+use std::process::Command;
+
+fn git(root: &Path, args: &[&str]) -> Option<String> {
+    let output = Command::new("git").args(args).current_dir(root).output().ok()?;
+    output
+        .status
+        .success()
+        .then(|| String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stdout).trim().to_owned())
+}
+
+fn emit(name: &str, value: &str) {
+    let value = if value.contains(['\n', '\r']) { "unknown" } else { value };
+    println!("cargo:rustc-env=RUSTFS_E2E_BUILD_{name}={value}");
+}
+
+fn main() {
+    let manifest = std::env::var_os("CARGO_MANIFEST_DIR").unwrap_or_default();
+    let root = Path::new(&manifest).join("../..");
+    // Cover dependency/common sources as well as this crate. HEAD/ref/index
+    // changes must refresh identity even when no Rust source mtime changes.
+    for path in [
+        "crates",
+        "rustfs",
+        "Cargo.toml",
+        "Cargo.lock",
+        "rust-toolchain.toml",
+        ".cargo",
+        ".config",
+    ] {
+        println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed={}", root.join(path).display());
+    }
+    let mut git_paths = vec!["HEAD".to_owned(), "index".to_owned(), "packed-refs".to_owned()];
+    if let Some(reference) = git(&root, &["symbolic-ref", "-q", "HEAD"]) {
+        git_paths.push(reference);
+    }
+    for path in git_paths {
+        if let Some(path) = git(&root, &["rev-parse", "--git-path", &path]) {
+            let path = Path::new(&path);
+            let path = if path.is_absolute() {
+                path.to_owned()
+            } else {
+                root.join(path)
+            };
+            if path.exists() {
+                println!("cargo:rerun-if-changed={}", path.display());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+    let revision = git(&root, &["rev-parse", "HEAD"]).unwrap_or_else(|| "unknown".to_owned());
+    let dirty = git(&root, &["status", "--porcelain", "--untracked-files=normal"]).is_none_or(|status| !status.is_empty());
+    let lock = git(&root, &["hash-object", "Cargo.lock"]).unwrap_or_else(|| "unknown".to_owned());
+    let mut features = std::env::vars()
+        .filter_map(|(key, _)| {
+            key.strip_prefix("CARGO_FEATURE_")
+                .map(|name| name.to_ascii_lowercase().replace('_', "-"))
+        })
+        .collect::<Vec<_>>();
+    features.sort();
+    emit("COMMIT", &revision);
+    emit("DIRTY", if dirty { "true" } else { "false" });
+    emit("LOCK", &lock);
+    emit("FEATURES", &features.join(","));
+    for name in ["TARGET", "PROFILE"] {
+        emit(name, &std::env::var(name).unwrap_or_else(|_| "unknown".to_owned()));
+    }
+    println!("cargo:rerun-if-env-changed=CARGO_ENCODED_RUSTFLAGS");
+    let flags = std::env::var("CARGO_ENCODED_RUSTFLAGS").unwrap_or_default();
+    let flags: String = flags.as_bytes().iter().map(|byte| format!("{byte:02x}")).collect();
+    emit("RUSTFLAGS_HEX", &flags);
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/chaos.rs

@@ -55,18 +55,20 @@ type ChaosResult<T> = Result<T, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>>;
 /// A successful S3 GET only proves that a quorum can serve an object. Replacement
 /// tests need this lower-level record to prove that the rebuilt target holds the
 /// `xl.meta` selected for a specific version and every `part.N` it declares.
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, serde::Serialize)]
 pub(crate) struct VersionShardCensus {
     pub version_id: Option<String>,
     pub has_xl_meta: bool,
     pub data_dir: Option<String>,
     pub erasure_index: Option<usize>,
+    pub data_blocks: Option<usize>,
+    pub parity_blocks: Option<usize>,
     pub expected_part_numbers: BTreeSet<usize>,
     pub present_part_fingerprints: BTreeMap<usize, PartShardFingerprint>,
     pub inline_data_fingerprint: Option<PartShardFingerprint>,
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+#[derive(Clone, Debug, Eq, PartialEq, serde::Serialize)]
 pub(crate) struct PartShardFingerprint {
     pub size: u64,
     pub sha256: String,
@@ -88,13 +90,15 @@ impl VersionShardCensus {
             && manifest.is_complete()
             && self.data_dir == manifest.data_dir
             && self.erasure_index == manifest.erasure_index
+            && self.data_blocks == manifest.data_blocks
+            && self.parity_blocks == manifest.parity_blocks
             && self.expected_part_numbers == manifest.expected_part_numbers
             && self.present_part_fingerprints == manifest.present_part_fingerprints
             && self.inline_data_fingerprint == manifest.inline_data_fingerprint
     }
 }
 
-fn sha256_hex(data: &[u8]) -> String {
+pub(crate) fn sha256_hex(data: &[u8]) -> String {
     let digest = Sha256::digest(data);
     digest.iter().map(|byte| format!("{byte:02x}")).collect()
 }
@@ -313,6 +317,8 @@ pub(crate) fn census_object_version_on_disk(
             has_xl_meta: false,
             data_dir: None,
             erasure_index: None,
+            data_blocks: None,
+            parity_blocks: None,
             expected_part_numbers: BTreeSet::new(),
             present_part_fingerprints: BTreeMap::new(),
             inline_data_fingerprint: None,
@@ -360,6 +366,8 @@ pub(crate) fn census_object_version_on_disk(
         has_xl_meta: true,
         data_dir,
         erasure_index,
+        data_blocks: Some(file_info.erasure.data_blocks),
+        parity_blocks: Some(file_info.erasure.parity_blocks),
         expected_part_numbers,
         present_part_fingerprints,
         inline_data_fingerprint,
@@ -413,6 +421,8 @@ mod tests {
             has_xl_meta: true,
             data_dir: Some("data-dir".to_string()),
             erasure_index: Some(3),
+            data_blocks: Some(2),
+            parity_blocks: Some(2),
             expected_part_numbers: BTreeSet::from([1]),
             present_part_fingerprints: BTreeMap::from([(1, shard_fingerprint(b"part").unwrap())]),
             inline_data_fingerprint: None,

crates/e2e_test/src/common.rs

@@ -57,6 +57,8 @@ const RUSTFS_FULL_FEATURE: &str = "full";
 const TEST_PORT_MIN: u16 = 20_000;
 // Keep allocator ports below the ephemeral range used by bind(..., 0) test helpers.
 const TEST_PORT_RANGE: u16 = 10_000;
+const TEST_PORT_MIN_ENV: &str = "RUSTFS_E2E_TEST_PORT_MIN";
+const TEST_PORT_RANGE_ENV: &str = "RUSTFS_E2E_TEST_PORT_RANGE";
 const TEST_PORT_COUNTER_PATH: &str = "/tmp/rustfs_e2e_next_port";
 const TEST_PORT_LOCK_DIR: &str = "/tmp/rustfs_e2e_port_allocator.lock";
 const TEST_PORT_LOCK_STALE_AFTER: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30);
@@ -99,22 +101,74 @@ impl Drop for PortAllocatorGuard {
     }
 }
 
-fn advance_test_port(port: u16) -> u16 {
-    let offset = (port - TEST_PORT_MIN + 1) % TEST_PORT_RANGE;
-    TEST_PORT_MIN + offset
+#[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
+struct TestPortAllocatorConfig {
+    min: u16,
+    range: u16,
 }
 
-fn seeded_test_port() -> u16 {
-    let offset = (Uuid::new_v4().as_u128() % u128::from(TEST_PORT_RANGE)) as u16;
-    TEST_PORT_MIN + offset
+impl TestPortAllocatorConfig {
+    fn max_exclusive(self) -> u32 {
+        u32::from(self.min) + u32::from(self.range)
+    }
+
+    fn contains(self, port: &u16) -> bool {
+        (u32::from(self.min)..self.max_exclusive()).contains(&u32::from(*port))
+    }
 }
 
-fn read_next_test_port() -> u16 {
+fn parse_test_port_allocator_config(
+    min_override: Option<&str>,
+    range_override: Option<&str>,
+) -> Result<TestPortAllocatorConfig, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>> {
+    let min = match min_override {
+        Some(value) => value
+            .parse::<u16>()
+            .map_err(|err| format!("{TEST_PORT_MIN_ENV} must be a valid u16: {err}"))?,
+        None => TEST_PORT_MIN,
+    };
+    let range = match range_override {
+        Some(value) => value
+            .parse::<u16>()
+            .map_err(|err| format!("{TEST_PORT_RANGE_ENV} must be a valid u16: {err}"))?,
+        None => TEST_PORT_RANGE,
+    };
+    if range == 0 {
+        return Err(format!("{TEST_PORT_RANGE_ENV} must be greater than zero").into());
+    }
+    if min < 1024 {
+        return Err(format!("{TEST_PORT_MIN_ENV} must be at least 1024").into());
+    }
+    let max_exclusive = u32::from(min) + u32::from(range);
+    if max_exclusive > u32::from(u16::MAX) + 1 {
+        return Err(format!("{TEST_PORT_MIN_ENV} + {TEST_PORT_RANGE_ENV} exceeds u16 port space").into());
+    }
+    Ok(TestPortAllocatorConfig { min, range })
+}
+
+fn test_port_allocator_config() -> Result<TestPortAllocatorConfig, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>> {
+    parse_test_port_allocator_config(
+        std::env::var(TEST_PORT_MIN_ENV).ok().as_deref(),
+        std::env::var(TEST_PORT_RANGE_ENV).ok().as_deref(),
+    )
+}
+
+fn advance_test_port(port: u16, config: TestPortAllocatorConfig) -> u16 {
+    let offset = (port - config.min + 1) % config.range;
+    config.min + offset
+}
+
+fn seeded_test_port(config: TestPortAllocatorConfig) -> u16 {
+    let offset = (Uuid::new_v4().as_u128() % u128::from(config.range)) as u16;
+    config.min + offset
+}
+
+fn read_next_test_port(config: TestPortAllocatorConfig) -> u16 {
     stdfs::read_to_string(TEST_PORT_COUNTER_PATH)
         .ok()
         .and_then(|value| value.trim().parse::<u16>().ok())
-        .filter(|port| (TEST_PORT_MIN..TEST_PORT_MIN + TEST_PORT_RANGE).contains(port))
-        .unwrap_or_else(seeded_test_port)
+        .filter(|port| config.contains(port))
+        .unwrap_or_else(|| seeded_test_port(config))
 }
 
 fn remove_stale_port_allocator_lock() {
@@ -629,11 +683,12 @@ impl RustFSTestEnvironment {
     pub async fn find_available_port() -> Result<u16, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>> {
         use std::net::TcpListener;
         let _guard = PortAllocatorGuard::acquire().await?;
-        let mut next_port = read_next_test_port();
+        let config = test_port_allocator_config()?;
+        let mut next_port = read_next_test_port(config);
 
-        for _ in 0..TEST_PORT_RANGE {
+        for _ in 0..config.range {
             let port = next_port;
-            next_port = advance_test_port(next_port);
+            next_port = advance_test_port(next_port, config);
             write_next_test_port(next_port)?;
 
             if let Ok(listener) = TcpListener::bind(("127.0.0.1", port)) {
@@ -1700,6 +1755,69 @@ impl RustFSTestClusterEnvironment {
         Ok(())
     }
 
+    /// Append a new single-node erasure pool to a stopped multi-pool cluster.
+    ///
+    /// Used to simulate pool expansion on localhost: every pool already owns
+    /// exactly one node with `drives_per_node >= 2` (the only multi-pool layout
+    /// the single-host `RUSTFS_VOLUMES` syntax can express). The new node is
+    /// allocated a fresh port and empty drive directories; callers must
+    /// [`Self::start`] afterwards so every process picks up the extended
+    /// volumes argument. Existing data directories are left untouched.
+    pub async fn append_single_node_pool(&mut self) -> Result<usize, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>> {
+        if self.nodes.iter().any(|node| node.process.is_some()) {
+            return Err("stop the cluster before appending a pool".into());
+        }
+        if self.topology.drives_per_node < 2 {
+            return Err(
+                "append_single_node_pool requires drives_per_node >= 2 (the server parser rejects a single-drive ellipses pool)"
+                    .into(),
+            );
+        }
+
+        let mut pools = self.topology.normalized_pools();
+        for (pool_idx, nodes) in pools.iter().enumerate() {
+            if nodes.len() != 1 {
+                return Err(format!(
+                    "pool {pool_idx} spans {} nodes; append_single_node_pool requires one node per pool",
+                    nodes.len()
+                )
+                .into());
+            }
+        }
+
+        let new_idx = self.nodes.len();
+        let port = RustFSTestEnvironment::find_available_port().await?;
+        let address = format!("127.0.0.1:{port}");
+        let data_dirs: Vec<String> = (0..self.topology.drives_per_node)
+            .map(|drive| format!("{}/node{}/drive{}", self.temp_dir, new_idx, drive))
+            .collect();
+        for dir in &data_dirs {
+            fs::create_dir_all(dir).await?;
+        }
+
+        self.nodes.push(ClusterNode {
+            url: format!("http://{address}"),
+            address,
+            data_dir: data_dirs[0].clone(),
+            data_dirs,
+            pool_idx: pools.len(),
+            process: None,
+        });
+        pools.push(vec![new_idx]);
+        self.topology.node_count = self.nodes.len();
+        self.topology.pools = pools;
+        self.node_extra_env.push(Vec::new());
+        self.node_capture_log_paths.push(None);
+        self.volume_proxy_addresses.push(None);
+
+        if !self.extra_env.iter().any(|(key, _)| key == "RUSTFS_UNSAFE_BYPASS_DISK_CHECK") {
+            self.extra_env
+                .push(("RUSTFS_UNSAFE_BYPASS_DISK_CHECK".to_string(), "true".to_string()));
+        }
+
+        Ok(new_idx)
+    }
+
     /// Gracefully stop one cluster node and wait for its process to exit.
     ///
     /// This is intentionally separate from [`Self::stop_node`]: the latter is
@@ -2045,6 +2163,35 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn e2e_port_allocator_uses_default_range() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            parse_test_port_allocator_config(None, None).expect("default port allocator config"),
+            TestPortAllocatorConfig {
+                min: TEST_PORT_MIN,
+                range: TEST_PORT_RANGE
+            }
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn e2e_port_allocator_accepts_explicit_test_range() {
+        let config = parse_test_port_allocator_config(Some("31000"), Some("128")).expect("explicit port range");
+
+        assert_eq!(advance_test_port(31127, config), 31000);
+        assert!(config.contains(&31000));
+        assert!(config.contains(&31127));
+        assert!(!config.contains(&31128));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn e2e_port_allocator_rejects_invalid_override() {
+        assert!(parse_test_port_allocator_config(Some("1023"), Some("1")).is_err());
+        assert!(parse_test_port_allocator_config(Some("65000"), Some("1000")).is_err());
+        assert!(parse_test_port_allocator_config(Some("31000"), Some("0")).is_err());
+        assert!(parse_test_port_allocator_config(Some("not-a-port"), Some("128")).is_err());
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn resolves_rustfs_binary_in_configured_cargo_target_directory() {
         let workspace = Path::new("workspace");

crates/e2e_test/src/data_usage_test.rs

@@ -35,11 +35,15 @@ where
 {
     let mut last_usage = DataUsageInfo::default();
     let mut last_query_error = None;
-    for _ in 0..45 {
+    for _ in 0..90 {
         match get_data_usage_info(env).await {
             Ok(usage) => {
                 last_query_error = None;
-                if usage.buckets_usage.contains_key(bucket) && predicate(&usage) {
+                if usage.is_complete_bucket_usage_snapshot()
+                    && usage.usage_snapshot_converged != Some(false)
+                    && usage.buckets_usage.contains_key(bucket)
+                    && predicate(&usage)
+                {
                     return Ok(usage);
                 }
                 last_usage = usage;

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/chaos_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,222 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::harness::{
+    DistCluster, DistLayout, TestResult, assert_object_bytes, payload_for, put_object, retrying_get_equals, unique_bucket,
+    wait_for_ready, wait_until,
+};
+use crate::chaos::{census_object_version_on_disk, signed_admin_post};
+use crate::common::{build_test_s3_config, init_logging};
+use crate::fault_proxy::FaultMode;
+use aws_sdk_s3::Client;
+use std::path::PathBuf;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Duration;
+use tokio::sync::{Barrier, mpsc};
+use tokio::time::timeout;
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn kill_and_restart_node_preserves_objects() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let mut dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::FourByFour).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("killnode");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let body = vec![0x11u8; 128 * 1024];
+    put_object(&dist.client(0)?, &bucket, "keep.bin", body.clone()).await?;
+
+    dist.cluster.stop_node(3)?;
+    retrying_get_equals(&dist.client(0)?, &bucket, "keep.bin", &body, Duration::from_secs(20)).await?;
+
+    dist.cluster.start_node(3).await?;
+    wait_for_ready(&dist.cluster).await?;
+    assert_object_bytes(&dist.client(3)?, &bucket, "keep.bin", &body).await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn full_cluster_restart_preserves_objects() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let mut dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::FourByFour).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("pwr");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let body = vec![0x44u8; 64 * 1024];
+    put_object(&dist.client(1)?, &bucket, "survive.bin", body.clone()).await?;
+
+    dist.cluster.stop();
+    dist.cluster.start().await?;
+    wait_for_ready(&dist.cluster).await?;
+    for node_idx in 0..dist.cluster.nodes.len() {
+        assert_object_bytes(&dist.client(node_idx)?, &bucket, "survive.bin", &body).await?;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn fresh_drive_replacement_is_physically_healed_without_data_change() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let mut dist = DistCluster::start_with_env(DistLayout::FourByFour, &[("RUSTFS_HEAL_ENABLED", "true")]).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("baddrive");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let body = payload_for("fresh-drive/durable.bin", 8 * 1024 * 1024);
+    put_object(&dist.client(1)?, &bucket, "durable.bin", body.clone()).await?;
+
+    let replaced_drive = PathBuf::from(&dist.cluster.nodes[0].data_dirs[0]);
+    let baseline = census_object_version_on_disk(&replaced_drive, &bucket, "durable.bin", None)?;
+    assert!(
+        baseline.is_complete(),
+        "replacement target did not hold a complete baseline shard: {baseline:?}"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        !baseline.expected_part_numbers.is_empty(),
+        "replacement witness must use physical part shards: {baseline:?}"
+    );
+
+    dist.cluster.stop_node(0)?;
+    let format_path = replaced_drive.join(".rustfs.sys/format.json");
+    let format = std::fs::read(&format_path)?;
+    let retired_drive = PathBuf::from(format!("{}.retired", replaced_drive.display()));
+    std::fs::rename(&replaced_drive, &retired_drive)?;
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(format_path.parent().ok_or("replacement format path omitted parent")?)?;
+    std::fs::write(&format_path, format)?;
+    let empty = census_object_version_on_disk(&replaced_drive, &bucket, "durable.bin", None)?;
+    assert!(!empty.has_xl_meta, "fresh replacement unexpectedly retained object metadata: {empty:?}");
+
+    dist.cluster.start_node(0).await?;
+    wait_for_ready(&dist.cluster).await?;
+    let heal_body =
+        r#"{"recursive":true,"dryRun":false,"remove":false,"recreate":true,"scanMode":2,"updateParity":false,"nolock":false}"#;
+    let heal_url = format!("{}/rustfs/admin/v3/heal/{bucket}?forceStart=true", dist.cluster.nodes[1].url);
+    signed_admin_post(&heal_url, Some(heal_body), &dist.cluster.access_key, &dist.cluster.secret_key).await?;
+    wait_until(
+        Duration::from_secs(90),
+        || async {
+            let healed = census_object_version_on_disk(&replaced_drive, &bucket, "durable.bin", None)?;
+            Ok(healed.matches_manifest(&baseline))
+        },
+        "fresh replacement contains the original complete shard manifest",
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    for node_idx in 0..dist.cluster.nodes.len() {
+        assert_object_bytes(&dist.client(node_idx)?, &bucket, "durable.bin", &body).await?;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn concurrent_gets_survive_peer_node_kill() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let mut dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::FourByFour).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("getkill");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let body = payload_for("inflight/steady.bin", 8 * 1024 * 1024);
+    put_object(&dist.client(0)?, &bucket, "steady.bin", body.clone()).await?;
+
+    let live: Vec<_> = (0..3).map(|idx| dist.client(idx)).collect::<Result<Vec<_>, _>>()?;
+    let worker_count = 12;
+    let release = Arc::new(Barrier::new(worker_count + 1));
+    let (started_tx, mut started_rx) = mpsc::unbounded_channel();
+    let mut handles = Vec::new();
+    for idx in 0..worker_count {
+        let client = live[idx % live.len()].clone();
+        let bucket = bucket.clone();
+        let body = body.clone();
+        let release = release.clone();
+        let started_tx = started_tx.clone();
+        handles.push(tokio::spawn(async move {
+            let response = client.get_object().bucket(&bucket).key("steady.bin").send().await?;
+            if response.content_length() != Some(body.len() as i64) {
+                return Err::<(), Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>>(
+                    format!("worker {idx} received a wrong content length").into(),
+                );
+            }
+            started_tx.send(idx)?;
+            release.wait().await;
+            let actual = response.body.collect().await?.into_bytes();
+            if actual.as_ref() != body.as_slice() {
+                return Err(format!("worker {idx} received corrupted bytes after peer kill").into());
+            }
+            Ok(())
+        }));
+    }
+    drop(started_tx);
+    for _ in 0..worker_count {
+        timeout(Duration::from_secs(30), started_rx.recv())
+            .await?
+            .ok_or("a streaming GET exited before reaching the kill barrier")?;
+    }
+
+    dist.cluster.stop_node(3)?;
+    release.wait().await;
+    for handle in handles {
+        handle.await??;
+    }
+
+    dist.cluster.start_node(3).await?;
+    wait_for_ready(&dist.cluster).await?;
+    assert_object_bytes(&dist.client(3)?, &bucket, "steady.bin", &body).await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn blackholed_node_client_network_preserves_cluster_availability_and_recovers() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::FourByFour).await?;
+    let proxy = crate::fault_proxy::FaultProxy::start(dist.cluster.nodes[3].address.parse()?).await?;
+    let proxied_url = format!("http://{}", proxy.local_addr());
+    let proxied_client = Client::from_conf(build_test_s3_config(
+        &proxied_url,
+        &dist.cluster.access_key,
+        &dist.cluster.secret_key,
+        None,
+        "distributed-network-chaos",
+    ));
+
+    let result: TestResult = async {
+        let bucket = unique_bucket("netfault");
+        dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+        let baseline = payload_for("network/baseline.bin", 1024 * 1024);
+        put_object(&dist.client(0)?, &bucket, "baseline.bin", baseline.clone()).await?;
+        assert_object_bytes(&proxied_client, &bucket, "baseline.bin", &baseline).await?;
+
+        proxy.set_mode(FaultMode::Blackhole);
+        assert_eq!(proxy.mode(), FaultMode::Blackhole);
+        if let Ok(Ok(_)) = timeout(
+            Duration::from_secs(5),
+            proxied_client.get_object().bucket(&bucket).key("baseline.bin").send(),
+        )
+        .await
+        {
+            return Err("blackholed node endpoint unexpectedly completed a GET".into());
+        }
+
+        let during = payload_for("network/during.bin", 1024 * 1024);
+        timeout(Duration::from_secs(30), async {
+            put_object(&dist.client(1)?, &bucket, "during-blackhole.bin", during.clone()).await?;
+            assert_object_bytes(&dist.client(2)?, &bucket, "baseline.bin", &baseline).await?;
+            assert_object_bytes(&dist.client(0)?, &bucket, "during-blackhole.bin", &during).await?;
+            Ok::<_, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>>(())
+        })
+        .await??;
+
+        proxy.set_mode(FaultMode::Pass);
+        retrying_get_equals(&proxied_client, &bucket, "during-blackhole.bin", &during, Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+        Ok(())
+    }
+    .await;
+
+    proxy.set_mode(FaultMode::Pass);
+    proxy.shutdown().await;
+    result
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/concurrency_stability_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::harness::{DistCluster, DistLayout, TestResult, assert_object_bytes, payload_for, put_object, unique_bucket};
+use crate::common::init_logging;
+use std::collections::BTreeSet;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use tokio::sync::Barrier;
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_high_concurrency_mixed_workload_is_consistent_on_every_node() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::FourByFour).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("conc");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let clients = Arc::new(dist.clients()?);
+    let worker_count = 24;
+    let rounds = 4;
+    let barrier = Arc::new(Barrier::new(worker_count));
+
+    let mut handles = Vec::new();
+    for idx in 0..worker_count {
+        let clients = clients.clone();
+        let barrier = barrier.clone();
+        let bucket = bucket.clone();
+        handles.push(tokio::spawn(async move {
+            barrier.wait().await;
+            let writer = &clients[idx % clients.len()];
+            let reader = &clients[(idx + 1) % clients.len()];
+            let copier = &clients[(idx + 2) % clients.len()];
+            let mut retained = Vec::with_capacity(rounds);
+            for round in 0..rounds {
+                let key = format!("source/worker-{idx:02}-round-{round}.bin");
+                let copy_key = format!("retained/worker-{idx:02}-round-{round}.bin");
+                let body = payload_for(&key, 64 * 1024);
+                put_object(writer, &bucket, &key, body.clone()).await?;
+
+                let head = reader.head_object().bucket(&bucket).key(&key).send().await?;
+                if head.content_length() != Some(body.len() as i64) {
+                    return Err(format!("HEAD returned the wrong size for {key}: {head:?}").into());
+                }
+                assert_object_bytes(reader, &bucket, &key, &body).await?;
+
+                copier
+                    .copy_object()
+                    .bucket(&bucket)
+                    .key(&copy_key)
+                    .copy_source(format!("{bucket}/{key}"))
+                    .send()
+                    .await?;
+                assert_object_bytes(writer, &bucket, &copy_key, &body).await?;
+
+                writer.delete_object().bucket(&bucket).key(&key).send().await?;
+                let missing = reader
+                    .head_object()
+                    .bucket(&bucket)
+                    .key(&key)
+                    .send()
+                    .await
+                    .expect_err("deleted source key must not remain visible");
+                if missing.raw_response().map(|response| response.status().as_u16()) != Some(404) {
+                    return Err(format!("deleted source {key} returned an unexpected result: {missing:?}").into());
+                }
+                retained.push((copy_key, body));
+            }
+            Ok::<_, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>>(retained)
+        }));
+    }
+
+    let mut inventory = Vec::new();
+    for handle in handles {
+        inventory.extend(handle.await??);
+    }
+
+    let expected_keys: BTreeSet<_> = inventory.iter().map(|(key, _)| key.as_str()).collect();
+    for (node_idx, client) in clients.iter().enumerate() {
+        let listed = client.list_objects_v2().bucket(&bucket).prefix("retained/").send().await?;
+        let listed_keys: BTreeSet<_> = listed.contents().iter().filter_map(|object| object.key()).collect();
+        assert_eq!(listed_keys, expected_keys, "node {node_idx} returned a divergent retained-key listing");
+        for (key, body) in &inventory {
+            assert_object_bytes(client, &bucket, key, body)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|error| format!("node {node_idx} failed to read {key}: {error}"))?;
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/concurrent_data_movement_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,74 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::harness::{
+    DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID, DistCluster, DistLayout, TestResult, assert_inventory, decommission_running_with_progress,
+    decommission_status_json, payload_for, put_inventory_retrying, retrying_get_equals, retrying_put, start_decommission,
+    unique_bucket, wait_for_decommission_complete, wait_for_decommission_running_with_progress,
+};
+use crate::common::init_logging;
+use std::sync::Arc;
+use std::time::Duration;
+use tokio::sync::Barrier;
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn concurrent_puts_during_decommission_do_not_lose_baseline_or_new_objects() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let mut dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::SingleNodeFourDrive).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("concdecom");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let baseline_client = dist.client(0)?;
+    let inventory = put_inventory_retrying(&baseline_client, &bucket, 96, 256 * 1024, Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+    dist.expand_to_four_pools().await?;
+
+    start_decommission(&dist.cluster, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID).await?;
+
+    let clients = Arc::new(dist.clients()?);
+    let barrier = Arc::new(Barrier::new(17));
+    let mut handles = Vec::new();
+    for idx in 0..16 {
+        let clients = clients.clone();
+        let barrier = barrier.clone();
+        let bucket = bucket.clone();
+        handles.push(tokio::spawn(async move {
+            barrier.wait().await;
+            let client = &clients[idx % clients.len()];
+            let key = format!("live/{idx:02}.bin");
+            let body = payload_for(&key, 8 * 1024);
+            retrying_put(client, &bucket, &key, body.clone(), Duration::from_secs(45)).await?;
+            Ok::<_, Box<dyn std::error::Error + Send + Sync>>((key, body))
+        }));
+    }
+
+    wait_for_decommission_running_with_progress(&dist.cluster, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID, Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+    barrier.wait().await;
+
+    let mut live_objects = Vec::new();
+    for handle in handles {
+        live_objects.push(handle.await??);
+    }
+    let status = decommission_status_json(&dist.cluster).await?;
+    if !decommission_running_with_progress(&status, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID)? {
+        return Err(format!("decommission did not remain active across concurrent PUTs: {status}").into());
+    }
+
+    wait_for_decommission_complete(&dist.cluster, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID, Duration::from_secs(180)).await?;
+
+    let checker = dist.client(2)?;
+    assert_inventory(&checker, &bucket, &inventory).await?;
+    for (key, body) in live_objects {
+        retrying_get_equals(&checker, &bucket, &key, &body, Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/data_integrity_movement_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,156 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::harness::{
+    DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID, DistCluster, DistLayout, TestResult, assert_inventory, enable_versioning, put_inventory_retrying,
+    sha256_hex, start_decommission, unique_bucket, wait_for_decommission_active, wait_for_decommission_complete,
+};
+use crate::common::init_logging;
+use aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream;
+use aws_sdk_s3::types::{CompletedMultipartUpload, CompletedPart};
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn decommission_does_not_alter_object_sha256_across_pools() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let mut dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::SingleNodeFourDrive).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("integrity");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let client = dist.client(0)?;
+    enable_versioning(&client, &bucket).await?;
+    let inventory = put_inventory_retrying(&client, &bucket, 96, 256 * 1024, Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+    let before: Vec<(String, String)> = inventory.iter().map(|(key, body)| (key.clone(), sha256_hex(body))).collect();
+
+    let versioned_key = "history/versioned.bin";
+    let version_one = b"historical bytes before data movement".to_vec();
+    let version_two = b"current bytes before data movement".to_vec();
+    let version_one_id = client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(versioned_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(version_one.clone()))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .version_id()
+        .ok_or("historical PUT omitted version ID")?
+        .to_string();
+    let version_two_id = client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(versioned_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(version_two.clone()))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .version_id()
+        .ok_or("current PUT omitted version ID")?
+        .to_string();
+
+    let multipart_key = "multipart/moved.bin";
+    let first_part = vec![0x31; 5 * 1024 * 1024];
+    let second_part = vec![0x72; 1024 * 1024];
+    let upload = client
+        .create_multipart_upload()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(multipart_key)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let upload_id = upload.upload_id().ok_or("movement multipart upload omitted upload ID")?;
+    let uploaded_one = client
+        .upload_part()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(multipart_key)
+        .upload_id(upload_id)
+        .part_number(1)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(first_part.clone()))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let uploaded_two = client
+        .upload_part()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(multipart_key)
+        .upload_id(upload_id)
+        .part_number(2)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(second_part.clone()))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    client
+        .complete_multipart_upload()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(multipart_key)
+        .upload_id(upload_id)
+        .multipart_upload(
+            CompletedMultipartUpload::builder()
+                .parts(
+                    CompletedPart::builder()
+                        .part_number(1)
+                        .e_tag(uploaded_one.e_tag().ok_or("movement part 1 omitted ETag")?)
+                        .build(),
+                )
+                .parts(
+                    CompletedPart::builder()
+                        .part_number(2)
+                        .e_tag(uploaded_two.e_tag().ok_or("movement part 2 omitted ETag")?)
+                        .build(),
+                )
+                .build(),
+        )
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+
+    dist.expand_to_four_pools().await?;
+
+    start_decommission(&dist.cluster, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID).await?;
+    wait_for_decommission_active(&dist.cluster, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID, Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+    wait_for_decommission_complete(&dist.cluster, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID, Duration::from_secs(180)).await?;
+
+    let after_client = dist.client(2)?;
+    assert_inventory(&after_client, &bucket, &inventory).await?;
+    for (key, expected_hash) in before {
+        let got = after_client.get_object().bucket(&bucket).key(&key).send().await?;
+        let body = got.body.collect().await?.into_bytes();
+        assert_eq!(sha256_hex(body.as_ref()), expected_hash, "checksum changed for {key} after decommission");
+    }
+    for (version_id, expected) in [(&version_one_id, &version_one), (&version_two_id, &version_two)] {
+        let got = after_client
+            .get_object()
+            .bucket(&bucket)
+            .key(versioned_key)
+            .version_id(version_id)
+            .send()
+            .await?
+            .body
+            .collect()
+            .await?
+            .into_bytes();
+        assert_eq!(got.as_ref(), expected.as_slice(), "version {version_id} changed after decommission");
+    }
+    let mut expected_multipart = first_part;
+    expected_multipart.extend_from_slice(&second_part);
+    let got_multipart = after_client
+        .get_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(multipart_key)
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .body
+        .collect()
+        .await?
+        .into_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(
+        sha256_hex(got_multipart.as_ref()),
+        sha256_hex(&expected_multipart),
+        "multipart checksum changed after decommission"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/expand_decommission_rebalance_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,81 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::harness::{
+    DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID, DistCluster, DistLayout, TestResult, assert_inventory, list_pools_json, put_inventory,
+    put_inventory_retrying, start_decommission, start_rebalance, unique_bucket, wait_for_decommission_active,
+    wait_for_decommission_complete, wait_for_rebalance_active, wait_for_rebalance_complete,
+};
+use crate::common::init_logging;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_pool_expand_preserves_objects_then_rebalance() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let mut dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::SingleNodeFourDrive).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("expand");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let client = dist.client(0)?;
+    let inventory = put_inventory(&client, &bucket, 64, 256 * 1024).await?;
+    assert_inventory(&client, &bucket, &inventory).await?;
+
+    for expected_nodes in 2..=4 {
+        let new_node = dist.append_pool_and_restart().await?;
+        assert_eq!(new_node + 1, expected_nodes);
+        assert_inventory(&dist.client(new_node)?, &bucket, &inventory).await?;
+    }
+    assert_eq!(dist.cluster.nodes.len(), 4);
+
+    // Prove that the expanded pool map is durable, and clear any recovery
+    // latch raised while the newly-added pool replicas converged.
+    dist.restart_current_binary_gracefully().await?;
+
+    let after_expand = dist.client(0)?;
+    assert_inventory(&after_expand, &bucket, &inventory).await?;
+    let peer = dist.client(3)?;
+    assert_inventory(&peer, &bucket, &inventory).await?;
+
+    let rebalance_id = start_rebalance(&dist.cluster).await?;
+    wait_for_rebalance_active(&dist.cluster, &rebalance_id, Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+    wait_for_rebalance_complete(&dist.cluster, &rebalance_id, Duration::from_secs(180)).await?;
+    assert_inventory(&peer, &bucket, &inventory).await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_pool_decommission_moves_objects_without_loss() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let mut dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::SingleNodeFourDrive).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("decom");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let client = dist.client(0)?;
+    let inventory = put_inventory_retrying(&client, &bucket, 96, 128 * 1024, Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+    dist.expand_to_four_pools().await?;
+
+    let pools_before = list_pools_json(&dist.cluster).await?;
+    let pool_count = pools_before
+        .as_array()
+        .map(Vec::len)
+        .or_else(|| pools_before.get("pools").and_then(serde_json::Value::as_array).map(Vec::len))
+        .ok_or_else(|| format!("pool list omitted an array: {pools_before}"))?;
+    assert_eq!(pool_count, 4, "expected exactly four pools before decommission: {pools_before}");
+
+    start_decommission(&dist.cluster, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID).await?;
+    wait_for_decommission_active(&dist.cluster, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID, Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+    wait_for_decommission_complete(&dist.cluster, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID, Duration::from_secs(180)).await?;
+
+    let after = dist.client(2)?;
+    assert_inventory(&after, &bucket, &inventory).await?;
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/extra_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,149 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::harness::{
+    DistCluster, DistLayout, TestResult, assert_object_bytes, get_object_bytes, put_object, unique_bucket, wait_until,
+};
+use crate::common::init_logging;
+use aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream;
+use aws_sdk_s3::types::{CompletedMultipartUpload, CompletedPart};
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_four_drive_multipart_and_cross_node_listing_agree() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::FourByFour).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("extra");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let client = dist.client(0)?;
+
+    let key = "multipart.bin";
+    let part1 = vec![0x41u8; 5 * 1024 * 1024];
+    let part2 = vec![0x42u8; 5 * 1024 * 1024];
+    let upload = client.create_multipart_upload().bucket(&bucket).key(key).send().await?;
+    let upload_id = upload.upload_id().ok_or("missing upload id")?.to_string();
+
+    let uploaded1 = client
+        .upload_part()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .upload_id(&upload_id)
+        .part_number(1)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(part1.clone()))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let uploaded2 = client
+        .upload_part()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .upload_id(&upload_id)
+        .part_number(2)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(part2.clone()))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+
+    client
+        .complete_multipart_upload()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .upload_id(&upload_id)
+        .multipart_upload(
+            CompletedMultipartUpload::builder()
+                .parts(
+                    CompletedPart::builder()
+                        .part_number(1)
+                        .e_tag(uploaded1.e_tag().unwrap_or_default())
+                        .build(),
+                )
+                .parts(
+                    CompletedPart::builder()
+                        .part_number(2)
+                        .e_tag(uploaded2.e_tag().unwrap_or_default())
+                        .build(),
+                )
+                .build(),
+        )
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+
+    let mut expected = part1;
+    expected.extend_from_slice(&part2);
+    for node_idx in 0..dist.cluster.nodes.len() {
+        assert_object_bytes(&dist.client(node_idx)?, &bucket, key, &expected).await?;
+    }
+
+    put_object(&client, &bucket, "list/a", b"a".to_vec()).await?;
+    put_object(&dist.client(2)?, &bucket, "list/b", b"b".to_vec()).await?;
+    let mut seen = Vec::new();
+    for node_idx in 0..dist.cluster.nodes.len() {
+        let listed = dist
+            .client(node_idx)?
+            .list_objects_v2()
+            .bucket(&bucket)
+            .prefix("list/")
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        let keys: Vec<String> = listed
+            .contents()
+            .iter()
+            .filter_map(|object| object.key().map(str::to_string))
+            .collect();
+        seen.push(keys);
+    }
+    for keys in &seen[1..] {
+        assert_eq!(&seen[0], keys, "list results diverged across nodes: {seen:?}");
+    }
+
+    let got = get_object_bytes(&dist.client(3)?, &bucket, "list/a").await?;
+    assert_eq!(got, b"a");
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_list_buckets_agree_across_all_nodes() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::FourByFour).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("listed");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    put_object(&dist.client(0)?, &bucket, "seed.bin", b"seed".to_vec()).await?;
+
+    for node_idx in 0..dist.cluster.nodes.len() {
+        let client = dist.client(node_idx)?;
+        let name = bucket.clone();
+        wait_until(
+            Duration::from_secs(20),
+            || {
+                let client = client.clone();
+                let name = name.clone();
+                async move {
+                    let listed = client.list_buckets().send().await?;
+                    Ok(listed.buckets().iter().any(|entry| entry.name() == Some(name.as_str())))
+                }
+            },
+            &format!("node {node_idx} lists {bucket}"),
+        )
+        .await?;
+        wait_until(
+            Duration::from_secs(20),
+            || {
+                let client = dist.client(node_idx).expect("client");
+                let name = bucket.clone();
+                async move { Ok(get_object_bytes(&client, &name, "seed.bin").await.ok() == Some(b"seed".to_vec())) }
+            },
+            &format!("node {node_idx} reads seed.bin"),
+        )
+        .await?;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/mod.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! 4-node 4-drive distributed e2e coverage.
+//!
+//! Selected by `[profile.e2e-distributed]` and run from
+//! `.github/workflows/e2e-distributed.yml`. Excluded from `e2e-full` because
+//! each case starts four real `rustfs` processes.
+
+mod chaos_test;
+mod concurrency_stability_test;
+mod concurrent_data_movement_test;
+mod data_integrity_movement_test;
+mod expand_decommission_rebalance_test;
+mod extra_test;
+mod harness;
+mod object_lock_test;
+mod observability_test;
+mod replication_quota_test;
+mod s3_basic_test;
+mod s3_during_data_movement_test;
+mod site_replication_test;
+mod upgrade_test;
+mod versioning_test;

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/object_lock_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,219 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::harness::{DistCluster, DistLayout, TestResult, unique_bucket};
+use crate::common::init_logging;
+use crate::object_lock::common::{
+    delete_object_with_bypass, put_object_lock_configuration, put_object_with_legal_hold, put_object_with_retention,
+};
+use aws_sdk_s3::Client;
+use aws_sdk_s3::error::ProvideErrorMetadata;
+use aws_sdk_s3::error::SdkError;
+use aws_sdk_s3::operation::delete_object::DeleteObjectError;
+use aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream;
+use aws_sdk_s3::types::{
+    DefaultRetention, ObjectLockConfiguration, ObjectLockEnabled, ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus, ObjectLockRetentionMode,
+    ObjectLockRule,
+};
+use chrono::{Duration as ChronoDuration, Utc};
+
+fn delete_denied(error: &SdkError<DeleteObjectError>, context: &str) -> TestResult {
+    let code = error.as_service_error().and_then(ProvideErrorMetadata::code);
+    if code == Some("AccessDenied") {
+        Ok(())
+    } else {
+        Err(format!("{context}: expected AccessDenied, got {error:?}").into())
+    }
+}
+
+async fn expect_versioned_delete_denied(
+    client: &Client,
+    bucket: &str,
+    key: &str,
+    version_id: &str,
+    bypass: bool,
+    context: &str,
+) -> TestResult {
+    match delete_object_with_bypass(client, bucket, key, Some(version_id), bypass).await {
+        Ok(_) => Err(format!("{context}: DeleteObject of retained version must be denied").into()),
+        Err(error) => delete_denied(error.as_ref(), context),
+    }
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_four_drive_object_lock_worm_blocks_delete() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::FourByFour).await?;
+    let client = dist.client(0)?;
+    let peer = dist.client(2)?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("objlock");
+
+    client
+        .create_bucket()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .object_lock_enabled_for_bucket(true)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+
+    let retain_until = Utc::now() + ChronoDuration::days(1);
+
+    let compliance_key = "compliance.bin";
+    let compliance_version = put_object_with_retention(
+        &client,
+        &bucket,
+        compliance_key,
+        b"locked-compliance",
+        ObjectLockRetentionMode::Compliance,
+        retain_until,
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    // Unversioned DELETE is allowed: it only creates a delete marker. WORM
+    // applies to a specific version id.
+    let marker = peer.delete_object().bucket(&bucket).key(compliance_key).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        marker.delete_marker(),
+        Some(true),
+        "unversioned DELETE on a locked object must create a delete marker"
+    );
+
+    expect_versioned_delete_denied(&peer, &bucket, compliance_key, &compliance_version, false, "COMPLIANCE without bypass")
+        .await?;
+    expect_versioned_delete_denied(&peer, &bucket, compliance_key, &compliance_version, true, "COMPLIANCE with bypass").await?;
+
+    let governance_key = "governance.bin";
+    let governance_version = put_object_with_retention(
+        &client,
+        &bucket,
+        governance_key,
+        b"locked-governance",
+        ObjectLockRetentionMode::Governance,
+        retain_until,
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    expect_versioned_delete_denied(&peer, &bucket, governance_key, &governance_version, false, "GOVERNANCE without bypass")
+        .await?;
+    delete_object_with_bypass(&peer, &bucket, governance_key, Some(&governance_version), true).await?;
+    let deleted_governance = peer
+        .head_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(governance_key)
+        .version_id(&governance_version)
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .expect_err("GOVERNANCE bypass must remove the retained version");
+    assert_eq!(
+        deleted_governance.raw_response().map(|response| response.status().as_u16()),
+        Some(404),
+        "deleted GOVERNANCE version returned an unexpected HEAD result: {deleted_governance:?}"
+    );
+
+    let hold_key = "legal-hold.bin";
+    let hold_version =
+        put_object_with_legal_hold(&client, &bucket, hold_key, b"legal-hold", ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus::On).await?;
+    expect_versioned_delete_denied(&peer, &bucket, hold_key, &hold_version, false, "legal hold without bypass").await?;
+    expect_versioned_delete_denied(&peer, &bucket, hold_key, &hold_version, true, "legal hold with bypass").await?;
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_default_retention_is_visible_and_non_lock_bucket_rejects_configuration() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::FourByFour).await?;
+    let writer = dist.client(0)?;
+    let reader = dist.client(3)?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("default-lock");
+
+    writer
+        .create_bucket()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .object_lock_enabled_for_bucket(true)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    put_object_lock_configuration(&writer, &bucket, ObjectLockRetentionMode::Governance, Some(1), None).await?;
+
+    let key = "default-governance.bin";
+    let put = writer
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from_static(b"default retention payload"))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let version_id = put.version_id().ok_or("default-retained PUT omitted version ID")?;
+
+    let config = reader.get_object_lock_configuration().bucket(&bucket).send().await?;
+    let default_retention = config
+        .object_lock_configuration()
+        .and_then(|configuration| configuration.rule())
+        .and_then(|rule| rule.default_retention())
+        .ok_or("GetObjectLockConfiguration omitted default retention")?;
+    assert_eq!(default_retention.mode().map(|mode| mode.as_str()), Some("GOVERNANCE"));
+    assert_eq!(default_retention.days(), Some(1));
+
+    let retention = reader
+        .get_object_retention()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .version_id(version_id)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let retention = retention.retention().ok_or("GetObjectRetention omitted applied retention")?;
+    assert_eq!(retention.mode().map(|mode| mode.as_str()), Some("GOVERNANCE"));
+    let retain_until = retention
+        .retain_until_date()
+        .ok_or("default retention omitted retain-until date")?;
+    assert!(retain_until.secs() > Utc::now().timestamp(), "default retention is not in the future");
+
+    let versioning = reader.get_bucket_versioning().bucket(&bucket).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(versioning.status().map(|status| status.as_str()), Some("Enabled"));
+    expect_versioned_delete_denied(&reader, &bucket, key, version_id, false, "default GOVERNANCE retention without bypass")
+        .await?;
+
+    let plain_bucket = unique_bucket("no-lock");
+    dist.create_bucket(&plain_bucket).await?;
+    let configuration = ObjectLockConfiguration::builder()
+        .object_lock_enabled(ObjectLockEnabled::Enabled)
+        .rule(
+            ObjectLockRule::builder()
+                .default_retention(
+                    DefaultRetention::builder()
+                        .mode(ObjectLockRetentionMode::Governance)
+                        .days(1)
+                        .build(),
+                )
+                .build(),
+        )
+        .build();
+    let error = writer
+        .put_object_lock_configuration()
+        .bucket(&plain_bucket)
+        .object_lock_configuration(configuration)
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .expect_err("an unversioned bucket must reject Object Lock enablement");
+    let service_error = error
+        .as_service_error()
+        .ok_or("non-lock bucket rejection was not an S3 service error")?;
+    assert_eq!(service_error.code(), Some("InvalidBucketState"), "unexpected error: {error:?}");
+    assert_eq!(
+        service_error.message(),
+        Some("Object Lock configuration cannot be enabled on existing buckets"),
+        "unexpected error: {error:?}"
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/observability_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,236 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::harness::{DistCluster, DistLayout, TestResult, cluster_admin_ok, unique_bucket, wait_for_ready};
+use crate::common::{admin_request, init_logging, local_http_client};
+use aws_sdk_s3::operation::RequestId;
+use aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream;
+use bytes::Bytes;
+use http::Method;
+use http_body_util::{BodyExt, Empty};
+use hyper::body::Incoming;
+use hyper::service::service_fn;
+use hyper::{Request, Response};
+use hyper_util::rt::TokioIo;
+use local_ip_address::local_ip;
+use rustfs_madmin::metrics::RealtimeMetrics;
+use rustfs_utils::egress::ENV_OUTBOUND_ALLOW_ORIGINS;
+use serde_json::Value;
+use std::convert::Infallible;
+use std::time::Duration;
+use tokio::net::TcpListener;
+use tokio::sync::mpsc;
+use tokio::task::JoinHandle;
+use tokio::time::{Instant, timeout};
+
+async fn spawn_audit_collector() -> TestResult<(String, mpsc::UnboundedReceiver<Value>, JoinHandle<()>)> {
+    let listener = TcpListener::bind("0.0.0.0:0").await?;
+    let endpoint = format!("http://{}/audit", std::net::SocketAddr::new(local_ip()?, listener.local_addr()?.port()));
+    let (tx, rx) = mpsc::unbounded_channel();
+    let handle = tokio::spawn(async move {
+        loop {
+            let Ok((stream, _)) = listener.accept().await else {
+                return;
+            };
+            let tx = tx.clone();
+            tokio::spawn(async move {
+                let service = service_fn(move |request: Request<Incoming>| {
+                    let tx = tx.clone();
+                    async move {
+                        let method = request.method().clone();
+                        if let Ok(body) = request.into_body().collect().await
+                            && method == Method::POST
+                            && let Ok(payload) = serde_json::from_slice::<Value>(&body.to_bytes())
+                        {
+                            if let Some(records) = payload["Records"].as_array() {
+                                for entry in records {
+                                    let _ = tx.send(entry.clone());
+                                }
+                            } else {
+                                let _ = tx.send(payload);
+                            }
+                        }
+                        Ok::<_, Infallible>(Response::new(Empty::<Bytes>::new()))
+                    }
+                });
+                let _ = hyper::server::conn::http1::Builder::new()
+                    .serve_connection(TokioIo::new(stream), service)
+                    .await;
+            });
+        }
+    });
+    Ok((endpoint, rx, handle))
+}
+
+async fn wait_for_audit_entry(
+    rx: &mut mpsc::UnboundedReceiver<Value>,
+    bucket: &str,
+    key: &str,
+    request_id: &str,
+) -> TestResult<Value> {
+    let deadline = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(30);
+    let mut seen = Vec::new();
+    loop {
+        let remaining = deadline.saturating_duration_since(Instant::now());
+        if remaining.is_zero() {
+            return Err(format!(
+                "audit webhook did not receive PutObject for {bucket}/{key}; received {} other records: {seen:?}",
+                seen.len()
+            )
+            .into());
+        }
+        let entry = match timeout(remaining, rx.recv()).await {
+            Ok(Some(entry)) => entry,
+            Ok(None) => return Err("audit collector stopped before the expected entry arrived".into()),
+            Err(_) => {
+                return Err(format!(
+                    "audit webhook did not receive PutObject for {bucket}/{key}; received {} other records: {seen:?}",
+                    seen.len()
+                )
+                .into());
+            }
+        };
+        if entry["api"]["name"].as_str() == Some("s3:PutObject")
+            && entry["api"]["bucket"].as_str() == Some(bucket)
+            && entry["api"]["object"].as_str() == Some(key)
+            && entry["requestID"].as_str() == Some(request_id)
+        {
+            return Ok(entry);
+        }
+        if seen.len() < 8 {
+            seen.push(format!(
+                "api={:?} bucket={:?} object={:?} requestID={:?}",
+                entry["api"]["name"].as_str(),
+                entry["api"]["bucket"].as_str(),
+                entry["api"]["object"].as_str(),
+                entry["requestID"].as_str()
+            ));
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_health_inventory_metrics_and_audit_delivery_are_consistent() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let (audit_endpoint, mut audit_entries, collector) = spawn_audit_collector().await?;
+    let audit_origin = reqwest::Url::parse(&audit_endpoint)?.origin().ascii_serialization();
+    let audit_env = [
+        ("RUSTFS_AUDIT_ENABLE", "true"),
+        ("RUSTFS_AUDIT_WEBHOOK_ENABLE_DISTRIBUTED", "on"),
+        ("RUSTFS_AUDIT_WEBHOOK_ENDPOINT_DISTRIBUTED", audit_endpoint.as_str()),
+        (ENV_OUTBOUND_ALLOW_ORIGINS, audit_origin.as_str()),
+    ];
+    let mut dist = DistCluster::new_stopped_with_env(DistLayout::FourByFour, &audit_env).await?;
+    for node_idx in 0..dist.cluster.nodes.len() {
+        let queue_dir = format!("{}/audit-queue-node-{node_idx}", dist.cluster.temp_dir);
+        tokio::fs::create_dir_all(&queue_dir).await?;
+        dist.cluster
+            .set_node_env(node_idx, "RUSTFS_AUDIT_WEBHOOK_QUEUE_DIR_DISTRIBUTED", queue_dir)?;
+    }
+    dist.cluster.start().await?;
+    wait_for_ready(&dist.cluster).await?;
+
+    let http = local_http_client();
+    for node in &dist.cluster.nodes {
+        for probe in ["ready", "live"] {
+            let response = http.get(format!("{}/health/{probe}", node.url)).send().await?;
+            assert!(
+                response.status().is_success(),
+                "node {} {probe} probe failed: {}",
+                node.address,
+                response.status()
+            );
+        }
+    }
+
+    let info_body = cluster_admin_ok(&dist.cluster, Method::GET, "/rustfs/admin/v3/info", None).await?;
+    let info: Value = serde_json::from_str(&info_body)?;
+    let servers = info["info"]["servers"]
+        .as_array()
+        .ok_or_else(|| format!("admin info omitted servers: {info}"))?;
+    assert_eq!(servers.len(), 4, "admin info did not report all four nodes: {info}");
+
+    let storage_body = cluster_admin_ok(&dist.cluster, Method::GET, "/rustfs/admin/v3/storageinfo", None).await?;
+    let storage: Value = serde_json::from_str(&storage_body)?;
+    let disks = storage["info"]["disks"]
+        .as_array()
+        .ok_or_else(|| format!("storageinfo omitted disks: {storage}"))?;
+    assert_eq!(disks.len(), 16, "storageinfo did not report all sixteen drives: {storage}");
+    assert!(
+        disks.iter().all(|disk| {
+            disk["state"].as_str().is_some_and(|state| state.eq_ignore_ascii_case("ok"))
+                && disk["runtimeState"]
+                    .as_str()
+                    .is_some_and(|state| state.eq_ignore_ascii_case("online"))
+        }),
+        "storageinfo reported a drive that was not healthy and online: {storage}"
+    );
+
+    for (node_idx, node) in dist.cluster.nodes.iter().enumerate() {
+        let (status, metrics_body) = admin_request(
+            &node.url,
+            Method::GET,
+            "/rustfs/admin/v3/metrics?n=1&by-host=true&by-disk=true",
+            None,
+            &dist.cluster.access_key,
+            &dist.cluster.secret_key,
+        )
+        .await?;
+        assert!(status.is_success(), "node {node_idx} metrics failed: {status} {metrics_body}");
+        let sample: RealtimeMetrics = serde_json::from_str(
+            metrics_body
+                .lines()
+                .next()
+                .ok_or_else(|| format!("node {node_idx} returned empty metrics"))?,
+        )?;
+        assert!(sample.finally, "node {node_idx} metrics sample was not terminal");
+        assert!(sample.errors.is_empty(), "node {node_idx} metrics reported errors: {:?}", sample.errors);
+        assert!(!sample.hosts.is_empty(), "node {node_idx} metrics omitted hosts");
+    }
+
+    let targets_body = cluster_admin_ok(&dist.cluster, Method::GET, "/rustfs/admin/v3/audit/target/list", None).await?;
+    let targets: Value = serde_json::from_str(&targets_body)?;
+    let configured = targets["audit_endpoints"]
+        .as_array()
+        .ok_or_else(|| format!("audit target list omitted audit_endpoints: {targets}"))?
+        .iter()
+        .any(|target| target["account_id"].as_str() == Some("distributed") && target["service"].as_str() == Some("webhook"));
+    assert!(configured, "configured audit webhook was missing: {targets}");
+
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("audit");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let key = "correlated/audit-object.bin";
+    let put = dist
+        .client(2)?
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from_static(b"distributed audit payload"))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let request_id = put.request_id().ok_or("PutObject response omitted request ID")?;
+    let audit = wait_for_audit_entry(&mut audit_entries, &bucket, key, request_id).await?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        audit["api"]["status_code"].as_i64(),
+        Some(200),
+        "audit entry did not report success: {audit}"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        !audit.to_string().contains(&dist.cluster.secret_key),
+        "audit entry leaked the root secret key"
+    );
+
+    collector.abort();
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/replication_quota_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,191 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::harness::{
+    DistCluster, DistLayout, TestResult, enable_versioning, put_bucket_replication, put_object, retrying_put, set_bucket_quota,
+    set_remote_target, unique_bucket, wait_for_ready, wait_for_replicated_bytes, wait_until,
+};
+use crate::common::{FAST_DATA_USAGE_SCANNER_ENV, init_logging};
+use aws_sdk_s3::error::ProvideErrorMetadata;
+use aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream;
+use http::Method;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+async fn wait_for_replication_status(
+    client: &aws_sdk_s3::Client,
+    bucket: &str,
+    key: &str,
+    expected: &[&str],
+    timeout: Duration,
+) -> TestResult {
+    wait_until(
+        timeout,
+        || async {
+            let head = client.head_object().bucket(bucket).key(key).send().await?;
+            Ok(head
+                .replication_status()
+                .is_some_and(|status| expected.contains(&status.as_str())))
+        },
+        &format!("replication status for {bucket}/{key} in {expected:?}"),
+    )
+    .await
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_bucket_replication_converges_to_peer_cluster() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let (source, mut target) = DistCluster::start_replication_pair().await?;
+    let source_bucket = unique_bucket("replsrc");
+    let target_bucket = unique_bucket("repldst");
+    source.create_bucket(&source_bucket).await?;
+    target.create_bucket(&target_bucket).await?;
+
+    let source_client = source.client(0)?;
+    let target_client = target.client(0)?;
+    enable_versioning(&source_client, &source_bucket).await?;
+    enable_versioning(&target_client, &target_bucket).await?;
+
+    let arn = set_remote_target(&source.cluster, &source_bucket, &target.cluster, &target_bucket).await?;
+    put_bucket_replication(&source.cluster, &source_bucket, &arn).await?;
+
+    let key = "replicated/metadata-and-tags.bin";
+    let body = b"distributed-bucket-replication".to_vec();
+    source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&source_bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .metadata("origin", "four-node-source")
+        .tagging("suite=distributed&shape=metadata")
+        .body(ByteStream::from(body.clone()))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    wait_for_replicated_bytes(&target_client, &target_bucket, key, &body, Duration::from_secs(45)).await?;
+    wait_for_replication_status(&source_client, &source_bucket, key, &["COMPLETED"], Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+
+    let peer_read = target.client(3)?;
+    wait_for_replicated_bytes(&peer_read, &target_bucket, key, &body, Duration::from_secs(15)).await?;
+    let replica_head = peer_read.head_object().bucket(&target_bucket).key(key).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        replica_head
+            .metadata()
+            .and_then(|metadata| metadata.get("origin"))
+            .map(String::as_str),
+        Some("four-node-source")
+    );
+    assert_eq!(replica_head.replication_status().map(|status| status.as_str()), Some("REPLICA"));
+    let replica_tags = peer_read.get_object_tagging().bucket(&target_bucket).key(key).send().await?;
+    let tags: std::collections::BTreeMap<_, _> = replica_tags.tag_set().iter().map(|tag| (tag.key(), tag.value())).collect();
+    assert_eq!(tags.get("suite"), Some(&"distributed"));
+    assert_eq!(tags.get("shape"), Some(&"metadata"));
+
+    target.cluster.stop();
+    let outage_key = "replicated/queued-during-target-outage.bin";
+    let outage_body = b"retry-after-target-restart".to_vec();
+    put_object(&source_client, &source_bucket, outage_key, outage_body.clone()).await?;
+    wait_for_replication_status(
+        &source_client,
+        &source_bucket,
+        outage_key,
+        &["PENDING", "FAILED"],
+        Duration::from_secs(30),
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    target.cluster.start().await?;
+    wait_for_ready(&target.cluster).await?;
+    wait_for_replicated_bytes(&target.client(2)?, &target_bucket, outage_key, &outage_body, Duration::from_secs(90)).await?;
+    wait_for_replication_status(&source_client, &source_bucket, outage_key, &["COMPLETED"], Duration::from_secs(45)).await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_four_drive_hard_quota_rejects_over_limit_put() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let dist = DistCluster::start_with_env(DistLayout::FourByFour, FAST_DATA_USAGE_SCANNER_ENV).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("quota");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    set_bucket_quota(&dist.cluster, &bucket, 8 * 1024).await?;
+
+    let client = dist.client(1)?;
+    retrying_put(&client, &bucket, "small.bin", vec![0u8; 1024], Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+    wait_until(
+        Duration::from_secs(30),
+        || async {
+            let (status, body) = super::harness::cluster_admin(
+                &dist.cluster,
+                Method::GET,
+                &format!("/rustfs/admin/v3/quota-stats/{bucket}"),
+                None,
+            )
+            .await?;
+            if !status.is_success() {
+                return Ok(false);
+            }
+            let stats: serde_json::Value =
+                serde_json::from_str(&body).map_err(|error| format!("quota stats returned invalid JSON: {error}: {body}"))?;
+            let usage = stats
+                .get("current_usage")
+                .and_then(serde_json::Value::as_u64)
+                .ok_or_else(|| format!("quota stats omitted current_usage: {stats}"))?;
+            Ok(usage >= 1024)
+        },
+        "quota stats observe small object",
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    let oversized_key = "too-big.bin";
+    let error = client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(oversized_key)
+        .body(vec![0u8; 16 * 1024].into())
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .expect_err("hard quota must reject the oversized PUT");
+    let service_error = error
+        .as_service_error()
+        .ok_or("quota rejection was not an S3 service error")?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        error.raw_response().map(|response| response.status().as_u16()),
+        Some(400),
+        "quota rejection must be HTTP 400: {error:?}"
+    );
+    assert_eq!(service_error.code(), Some("InvalidRequest"), "unexpected quota error: {error:?}");
+    assert!(
+        service_error
+            .message()
+            .is_some_and(|message| message.starts_with("Bucket quota exceeded")),
+        "PUT must fail specifically at quota admission: {error:?}"
+    );
+
+    let missing = client
+        .head_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(oversized_key)
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .expect_err("an object rejected by quota must not become visible");
+    assert_eq!(
+        missing.raw_response().map(|response| response.status().as_u16()),
+        Some(404),
+        "quota-rejected object returned an unexpected HEAD result: {missing:?}"
+    );
+
+    let listed = client.list_objects_v2().bucket(&bucket).send().await?;
+    assert!(
+        listed.contents().iter().all(|object| object.key() != Some(oversized_key)),
+        "quota-rejected key leaked into ListObjectsV2"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/s3_basic_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,258 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::harness::{DistCluster, DistLayout, TestResult, assert_object_bytes, get_object_bytes, put_object, unique_bucket};
+use crate::common::{init_logging, local_http_client};
+use aws_sdk_s3::error::ProvideErrorMetadata;
+use aws_sdk_s3::presigning::PresigningConfig;
+use aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream;
+use aws_sdk_s3::types::{Delete, MetadataDirective, ObjectIdentifier};
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_four_drive_s3_put_get_head_list_copy_rename_delete_and_presign() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::FourByFour).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("s3basic");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+
+    let writer = dist.client(0)?;
+    let reader = dist.client(3)?;
+    let key = "dir/object.bin";
+    let body = vec![0xA5u8; 256 * 1024];
+    put_object(&writer, &bucket, key, body.clone()).await?;
+
+    let head = reader.head_object().bucket(&bucket).key(key).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(head.content_length(), Some(body.len() as i64));
+    assert_object_bytes(&reader, &bucket, key, &body).await?;
+
+    let ranged = reader
+        .get_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .range("bytes=0-15")
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let ranged_body = ranged.body.collect().await?.into_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(ranged_body.as_ref(), &body[..16]);
+
+    let listed = reader.list_objects_v2().bucket(&bucket).prefix("dir/").send().await?;
+    let keys: Vec<_> = listed.contents().iter().filter_map(|object| object.key()).collect();
+    assert_eq!(keys, vec![key]);
+
+    let copy_key = "dir/object-copy.bin";
+    reader
+        .copy_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(copy_key)
+        .copy_source(format!("{bucket}/{key}"))
+        .metadata_directive(MetadataDirective::Copy)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_object_bytes(&writer, &bucket, copy_key, &body).await?;
+
+    let moved_key = "dir/object-moved.bin";
+    writer
+        .copy_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(moved_key)
+        .copy_source(format!("{bucket}/{copy_key}"))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    writer.delete_object().bucket(&bucket).key(copy_key).send().await?;
+    match writer.head_object().bucket(&bucket).key(copy_key).send().await {
+        Ok(_) => return Err("copied source still present after rename delete".into()),
+        Err(error) if error.as_service_error().is_some_and(|err| err.is_not_found()) => {}
+        Err(error) => return Err(error.into()),
+    }
+    assert_object_bytes(&reader, &bucket, moved_key, &body).await?;
+
+    let presigned = writer
+        .get_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .presigned(PresigningConfig::expires_in(Duration::from_secs(120))?)
+        .await?;
+    let response = local_http_client().get(presigned.uri().to_string()).send().await?;
+    assert!(response.status().is_success(), "presigned GET failed: {}", response.status());
+    let presigned_body = response.bytes().await?;
+    assert_eq!(presigned_body.as_ref(), body.as_slice());
+
+    let empty_key = "empty";
+    put_object(&writer, &bucket, empty_key, Vec::new()).await?;
+    let empty = get_object_bytes(&reader, &bucket, empty_key).await?;
+    assert!(empty.is_empty());
+
+    let deleted = writer
+        .delete_objects()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .delete(
+            Delete::builder()
+                .objects(ObjectIdentifier::builder().key(key).build()?)
+                .objects(ObjectIdentifier::builder().key(moved_key).build()?)
+                .objects(ObjectIdentifier::builder().key(empty_key).build()?)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert!(deleted.errors().is_empty(), "DeleteObjects reported failures: {deleted:?}");
+    assert_eq!(deleted.deleted().len(), 3, "DeleteObjects did not acknowledge every key");
+
+    let remaining = reader.list_objects_v2().bucket(&bucket).send().await?;
+    assert!(remaining.contents().is_empty(), "bucket still has objects after delete");
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_s3_metadata_tags_special_keys_pagination_and_multipart_abort() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::FourByFour).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("s3matrix");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let writer = dist.client(0)?;
+    let reader = dist.client(3)?;
+
+    let special_key = "unicode/测试 space+percent%25.txt";
+    let special_body = b"metadata and tagging survive distributed routing".to_vec();
+    let put = writer
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(special_key)
+        .metadata("test-meta", "distributed")
+        .tagging("purpose=compatibility&scope=four-by-four")
+        .body(ByteStream::from(special_body.clone()))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let etag = put.e_tag().ok_or("PutObject omitted ETag")?.to_string();
+
+    let head = reader.head_object().bucket(&bucket).key(special_key).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        head.metadata()
+            .and_then(|metadata| metadata.get("test-meta"))
+            .map(String::as_str),
+        Some("distributed")
+    );
+    assert_eq!(head.e_tag(), Some(etag.as_str()));
+    let tags = reader.get_object_tagging().bucket(&bucket).key(special_key).send().await?;
+    let actual_tags: std::collections::BTreeMap<_, _> = tags
+        .tag_set()
+        .iter()
+        .map(|tag| (tag.key().to_string(), tag.value().to_string()))
+        .collect();
+    assert_eq!(actual_tags.get("purpose").map(String::as_str), Some("compatibility"));
+    assert_eq!(actual_tags.get("scope").map(String::as_str), Some("four-by-four"));
+
+    let conditional = reader
+        .get_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(special_key)
+        .if_match(&etag)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(conditional.body.collect().await?.into_bytes().as_ref(), special_body.as_slice());
+    let invalid_range = reader
+        .get_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(special_key)
+        .range("bytes=999999-1000000")
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .expect_err("an unsatisfiable range must fail");
+    assert_eq!(
+        invalid_range.as_service_error().and_then(ProvideErrorMetadata::code),
+        Some("InvalidRange"),
+        "unexpected invalid-range error: {invalid_range:?}"
+    );
+
+    let upload_key = "multipart/aborted.bin";
+    let upload = writer
+        .create_multipart_upload()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(upload_key)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let upload_id = upload.upload_id().ok_or("CreateMultipartUpload omitted upload ID")?;
+    writer
+        .upload_part()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(upload_key)
+        .upload_id(upload_id)
+        .part_number(1)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(vec![0x5Au8; 5 * 1024 * 1024]))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let pending = reader
+        .list_multipart_uploads()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .prefix("multipart/")
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert!(pending.uploads().iter().any(|entry| entry.upload_id() == Some(upload_id)));
+    writer
+        .abort_multipart_upload()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(upload_key)
+        .upload_id(upload_id)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let after_abort = reader
+        .list_multipart_uploads()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .prefix("multipart/")
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert!(after_abort.uploads().iter().all(|entry| entry.upload_id() != Some(upload_id)));
+    let aborted_head = reader
+        .head_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(upload_key)
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .expect_err("aborted multipart upload must not create an object");
+    assert_eq!(
+        aborted_head.raw_response().map(|response| response.status().as_u16()),
+        Some(404),
+        "aborted multipart object returned an unexpected HEAD result: {aborted_head:?}"
+    );
+
+    for index in 0..113 {
+        let key = format!("page/{index:04}.txt");
+        put_object(&writer, &bucket, &key, format!("page-{index}").into_bytes()).await?;
+    }
+    let mut token = None;
+    let mut paged_keys = Vec::new();
+    loop {
+        let page = reader
+            .list_objects_v2()
+            .bucket(&bucket)
+            .prefix("page/")
+            .max_keys(37)
+            .set_continuation_token(token.take())
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        paged_keys.extend(page.contents().iter().filter_map(|object| object.key().map(str::to_string)));
+        if page.is_truncated() != Some(true) {
+            break;
+        }
+        token = Some(
+            page.next_continuation_token()
+                .ok_or("truncated ListObjectsV2 page omitted next continuation token")?
+                .to_string(),
+        );
+    }
+    assert_eq!(paged_keys.len(), 113);
+    let expected: Vec<_> = (0..113).map(|index| format!("page/{index:04}.txt")).collect();
+    assert_eq!(paged_keys, expected, "pagination lost, duplicated, or reordered keys");
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/s3_during_data_movement_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::harness::{
+    DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID, DistCluster, DistLayout, TestResult, assert_inventory, decommission_running_with_progress,
+    decommission_status_json, put_inventory_retrying, rebalance_running_with_progress, rebalance_status_json,
+    retrying_get_equals, retrying_put, start_decommission, start_rebalance, unique_bucket, wait_for_decommission_complete,
+    wait_for_decommission_running_with_progress, wait_for_rebalance_complete, wait_for_rebalance_running_with_progress,
+};
+use crate::common::init_logging;
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn s3_put_get_list_succeed_during_decommission_and_rebalance() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let mut dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::SingleNodeFourDrive).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("s3move");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let client = dist.client(0)?;
+    let inventory = put_inventory_retrying(&client, &bucket, 96, 256 * 1024, Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+    dist.expand_to_four_pools().await?;
+
+    start_decommission(&dist.cluster, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID).await?;
+    wait_for_decommission_running_with_progress(&dist.cluster, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID, Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+    let live = dist.client(2)?;
+    retrying_put(
+        &live,
+        &bucket,
+        "during-decommission.bin",
+        b"written-while-decommissioning".to_vec(),
+        Duration::from_secs(30),
+    )
+    .await?;
+    retrying_get_equals(
+        &live,
+        &bucket,
+        "during-decommission.bin",
+        b"written-while-decommissioning",
+        Duration::from_secs(30),
+    )
+    .await?;
+    let listed = live.list_objects_v2().bucket(&bucket).send().await?;
+    assert!(
+        listed
+            .contents()
+            .iter()
+            .any(|object| object.key() == Some("during-decommission.bin")),
+        "list during decommission missed the newly written key"
+    );
+    let status = decommission_status_json(&dist.cluster).await?;
+    if !decommission_running_with_progress(&status, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID)? {
+        return Err(format!("decommission did not remain active across the S3 operations: {status}").into());
+    }
+
+    wait_for_decommission_complete(&dist.cluster, DECOMMISSION_POOL_ID, Duration::from_secs(180)).await?;
+    assert_inventory(&live, &bucket, &inventory).await?;
+
+    let rebalance_id = start_rebalance(&dist.cluster).await?;
+    wait_for_rebalance_running_with_progress(&dist.cluster, &rebalance_id, Duration::from_secs(30)).await?;
+    retrying_put(
+        &live,
+        &bucket,
+        "during-rebalance.bin",
+        b"written-while-rebalancing".to_vec(),
+        Duration::from_secs(30),
+    )
+    .await?;
+    retrying_get_equals(
+        &live,
+        &bucket,
+        "during-rebalance.bin",
+        b"written-while-rebalancing",
+        Duration::from_secs(30),
+    )
+    .await?;
+    let status = rebalance_status_json(&dist.cluster).await?;
+    if !rebalance_running_with_progress(&status, &rebalance_id)? {
+        return Err(format!("rebalance did not remain active across the S3 operations: {status}").into());
+    }
+    wait_for_rebalance_complete(&dist.cluster, &rebalance_id, Duration::from_secs(180)).await?;
+    assert_inventory(&dist.client(1)?, &bucket, &inventory).await?;
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/site_replication_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,128 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::harness::{
+    DistCluster, TestResult, cluster_admin_ok, enable_versioning, put_object, unique_bucket, wait_for_replicated_bytes,
+    wait_until,
+};
+use crate::common::{init_logging, signed_request};
+use http::{Method, StatusCode};
+use rustfs_madmin::{PeerSite, ReplicateAddStatus, SiteReplicationInfo, SyncStatus};
+use std::time::Duration;
+
+async fn site_replication_add(
+    cluster: &crate::common::RustFSTestClusterEnvironment,
+    sites: &[PeerSite],
+) -> TestResult<ReplicateAddStatus> {
+    let url = format!("{}/rustfs/admin/v3/site-replication/add?replicateILMExpiry=false", cluster.nodes[0].url);
+    let response = signed_request(
+        Method::PUT,
+        &url,
+        &cluster.access_key,
+        &cluster.secret_key,
+        Some(serde_json::to_vec(sites)?),
+        Some("application/json"),
+    )
+    .await?;
+    if response.status() != StatusCode::OK {
+        let status = response.status();
+        let body = response.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
+        return Err(format!("site replication add failed: {status} {body}").into());
+    }
+    Ok(serde_json::from_slice(&response.bytes().await?)?)
+}
+
+async fn site_replication_info(cluster: &crate::common::RustFSTestClusterEnvironment) -> TestResult<SiteReplicationInfo> {
+    let body = cluster_admin_ok(cluster, Method::GET, "/rustfs/admin/v3/site-replication/info", None).await?;
+    Ok(serde_json::from_str(&body)?)
+}
+
+async fn wait_for_site_replication_enabled(cluster: &crate::common::RustFSTestClusterEnvironment) -> TestResult {
+    wait_until(
+        Duration::from_secs(30),
+        || async {
+            let info = site_replication_info(cluster).await?;
+            Ok(info.enabled && info.sites.len() == 2 && info.sites.iter().all(|site| site.sync_state == SyncStatus::Enable))
+        },
+        "site replication enabled with two synchronized sites",
+    )
+    .await
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_site_replication_replicates_object_to_peer_site() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let (site_a, site_b) = DistCluster::start_replication_pair().await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("siterepl");
+    site_a.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    site_b.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+
+    let client_a = site_a.client(0)?;
+    let client_b = site_b.client(0)?;
+    enable_versioning(&client_a, &bucket).await?;
+    enable_versioning(&client_b, &bucket).await?;
+
+    let sites = vec![
+        PeerSite {
+            name: "site-a".to_string(),
+            endpoint: site_a.cluster.nodes[0].url.clone(),
+            access_key: site_a.cluster.access_key.clone(),
+            secret_key: site_a.cluster.secret_key.clone(),
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+        PeerSite {
+            name: "site-b".to_string(),
+            endpoint: site_b.cluster.nodes[0].url.clone(),
+            access_key: site_b.cluster.access_key.clone(),
+            secret_key: site_b.cluster.secret_key.clone(),
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+    ];
+    let add_status = site_replication_add(&site_a.cluster, &sites).await?;
+    assert!(
+        add_status.success && add_status.err_detail.is_empty() && add_status.initial_sync_error_message.is_empty(),
+        "site replication add reported failure: {add_status:?}"
+    );
+    wait_for_site_replication_enabled(&site_a.cluster).await?;
+    wait_for_site_replication_enabled(&site_b.cluster).await?;
+
+    let info_a = site_replication_info(&site_a.cluster).await?;
+    let remote = info_a
+        .sites
+        .iter()
+        .find(|site| site.name == "site-b")
+        .ok_or_else(|| format!("site A info omitted the configured site-b peer: {info_a:?}"))?;
+    assert_eq!(remote.endpoint, site_b.cluster.nodes[0].url);
+    let deployment_ids: std::collections::BTreeSet<_> = info_a.sites.iter().map(|site| site.deployment_id.as_str()).collect();
+    assert!(
+        deployment_ids.iter().all(|deployment_id| !deployment_id.is_empty()) && deployment_ids.len() == 2,
+        "site peers must have two distinct non-empty deployment IDs: {info_a:?}"
+    );
+    assert!(info_a.retry_stats.is_none(), "site A has pending replication retries: {info_a:?}");
+    assert!(info_a.pending_operation.is_none(), "site A has a pending operation: {info_a:?}");
+
+    let key = "site-object.bin";
+    let body = b"four-node-site-replication".to_vec();
+    put_object(&client_a, &bucket, key, body.clone()).await?;
+    wait_for_replicated_bytes(&client_b, &bucket, key, &body, Duration::from_secs(60)).await?;
+
+    let peer_b = site_b.client(3)?;
+    wait_for_replicated_bytes(&peer_b, &bucket, key, &body, Duration::from_secs(20)).await?;
+
+    let reverse_key = "reverse/site-object.bin";
+    let reverse_body = b"site-b-to-site-a".to_vec();
+    put_object(&site_b.client(2)?, &bucket, reverse_key, reverse_body.clone()).await?;
+    wait_for_replicated_bytes(&site_a.client(3)?, &bucket, reverse_key, &reverse_body, Duration::from_secs(60)).await?;
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/upgrade_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,345 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+//! 4-node upgrade coverage for historical objects and IAM AK/SK.
+//!
+//! Complements `upgrade_compatibility_test` (single-node SSE/multipart and
+//! mixed-version listing). This module pins the distributed contract the
+//! hardware upgrade chain is meant to catch: after a 4-node upgrade, objects
+//! written on the previous release still read back, and IAM user credentials
+//! created before the upgrade still authenticate.
+//!
+//! Requires `RUSTFS_UPGRADE_SOURCE_BINARY` pointing at the pinned previous
+//! release. The `e2e-distributed` workflow downloads that binary; a local run
+//! without it fails closed rather than skipping.
+
+use super::harness::{
+    DistCluster, DistLayout, TestResult, assert_object_bytes, cluster_admin_ok, enable_versioning, get_object_bytes, put_object,
+    unique_bucket, wait_until,
+};
+use crate::common::{
+    AdminTransport, admin_add_canned_policy_via, admin_attach_user_policy_via, admin_create_user_via, init_logging,
+};
+use aws_sdk_s3::Client;
+use aws_sdk_s3::error::ProvideErrorMetadata;
+use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
+use std::time::Duration;
+use uuid::Uuid;
+
+const SOURCE_BINARY_ENV: &str = "RUSTFS_UPGRADE_SOURCE_BINARY";
+const IAM_SECRET: &str = "UpgradeTestSecretKey1";
+const WRONG_SECRET: &str = "WrongSecretKey000000";
+const CREDENTIAL_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30);
+
+struct UpgradeSeed {
+    history_bucket: String,
+    history_key: &'static str,
+    history_body: Vec<u8>,
+    versioned_bucket: String,
+    versioned_key: &'static str,
+    version1: String,
+    version1_body: Vec<u8>,
+    version2: String,
+    version2_body: Vec<u8>,
+    iam_bucket: String,
+    iam_key: &'static str,
+    iam_body: Vec<u8>,
+    iam_user: String,
+    iam_secret: &'static str,
+}
+
+fn source_binary() -> TestResult<PathBuf> {
+    let path = std::env::var_os(SOURCE_BINARY_ENV).map(PathBuf::from).ok_or_else(|| {
+        format!(
+            "{SOURCE_BINARY_ENV} must point to the pinned previous release binary (the e2e-distributed workflow downloads it)"
+        )
+    })?;
+    if !path.is_file() {
+        return Err(format!("upgrade source binary does not exist: {}", path.display()).into());
+    }
+    Ok(path)
+}
+
+fn capture_upgrade_logs(cluster: &mut DistCluster, label: &str) -> TestResult {
+    let Some(log_dir) = std::env::var_os("RUSTFS_E2E_LOG_DIR") else {
+        return Ok(());
+    };
+    std::fs::create_dir_all(&log_dir)?;
+    for node_idx in 0..cluster.cluster.nodes.len() {
+        let path = Path::new(&log_dir).join(format!("{label}-node-{node_idx}.log"));
+        cluster
+            .cluster
+            .set_node_capture_log_path(node_idx, path.to_string_lossy().into_owned())?;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn iam_rw_policy(bucket: &str) -> String {
+    serde_json::json!({
+        "Version": "2012-10-17",
+        "Statement": [{
+            "Effect": "Allow",
+            "Action": ["s3:*"],
+            "Resource": [
+                format!("arn:aws:s3:::{bucket}"),
+                format!("arn:aws:s3:::{bucket}/*")
+            ]
+        }]
+    })
+    .to_string()
+}
+
+async fn create_iam_user(dist: &DistCluster, user: &str, secret: &str, policy_name: &str, bucket: &str) -> TestResult {
+    let url = &dist.cluster.nodes[0].url;
+    let access = &dist.cluster.access_key;
+    let admin_secret = &dist.cluster.secret_key;
+    admin_create_user_via(AdminTransport::Signed, url, access, admin_secret, user, secret).await?;
+    admin_add_canned_policy_via(AdminTransport::Signed, url, access, admin_secret, policy_name, &iam_rw_policy(bucket)).await?;
+    admin_attach_user_policy_via(AdminTransport::Signed, url, access, admin_secret, policy_name, user).await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn wait_for_put(client: &Client, bucket: &str, key: &str, body: Vec<u8>, label: &str) -> TestResult {
+    wait_until(
+        CREDENTIAL_TIMEOUT,
+        || {
+            let client = client.clone();
+            let bucket = bucket.to_string();
+            let key = key.to_string();
+            let body = body.clone();
+            async move {
+                put_object(&client, &bucket, &key, body).await?;
+                Ok(true)
+            }
+        },
+        label,
+    )
+    .await
+}
+
+async fn wait_for_bytes(client: &Client, bucket: &str, key: &str, expected: &[u8], label: &str) -> TestResult {
+    wait_until(
+        CREDENTIAL_TIMEOUT,
+        || {
+            let client = client.clone();
+            let bucket = bucket.to_string();
+            let key = key.to_string();
+            let expected = expected.to_vec();
+            async move {
+                let got = get_object_bytes(&client, &bucket, &key).await?;
+                Ok(got == expected)
+            }
+        },
+        label,
+    )
+    .await
+}
+
+async fn seed_history_and_iam(dist: &DistCluster) -> TestResult<UpgradeSeed> {
+    let history_bucket = unique_bucket("upg-hist");
+    let versioned_bucket = unique_bucket("upg-ver");
+    let iam_bucket = unique_bucket("upg-iam");
+    dist.create_bucket(&history_bucket).await?;
+    dist.create_bucket(&versioned_bucket).await?;
+    dist.create_bucket(&iam_bucket).await?;
+
+    let root = dist.client(0)?;
+    enable_versioning(&root, &versioned_bucket).await?;
+
+    let history_key = "plain-history.bin";
+    let history_body = b"written by the previous 4-node release".to_vec();
+    put_object(&root, &history_bucket, history_key, history_body.clone()).await?;
+
+    let versioned_key = "versioned-history.txt";
+    let version1_body = b"version-one-before-upgrade".to_vec();
+    let version1 = root
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&versioned_bucket)
+        .key(versioned_key)
+        .body(aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream::from(version1_body.clone()))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .version_id()
+        .ok_or("first versioned PUT omitted version ID")?
+        .to_string();
+    let version2_body = b"version-two-before-upgrade".to_vec();
+    let version2 = root
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&versioned_bucket)
+        .key(versioned_key)
+        .body(aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream::from(version2_body.clone()))
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .version_id()
+        .ok_or("second versioned PUT omitted version ID")?
+        .to_string();
+
+    let iam_user = format!("upg{}", &Uuid::new_v4().simple().to_string()[..8]);
+    let policy_name = format!("upgpol{}", &Uuid::new_v4().simple().to_string()[..8]);
+    create_iam_user(dist, &iam_user, IAM_SECRET, &policy_name, &iam_bucket).await?;
+
+    let iam_key = "iam-history.bin";
+    let iam_body = b"written with pre-upgrade IAM AK/SK".to_vec();
+    let iam_client = dist.client_with_credentials(1, &iam_user, IAM_SECRET)?;
+    wait_for_put(&iam_client, &iam_bucket, iam_key, iam_body.clone(), "IAM user PUT before upgrade").await?;
+
+    Ok(UpgradeSeed {
+        history_bucket,
+        history_key,
+        history_body,
+        versioned_bucket,
+        versioned_key,
+        version1,
+        version1_body,
+        version2,
+        version2_body,
+        iam_bucket,
+        iam_key,
+        iam_body,
+        iam_user,
+        iam_secret: IAM_SECRET,
+    })
+}
+
+async fn assert_history_and_iam(dist: &DistCluster, seed: &UpgradeSeed, context: &str) -> TestResult {
+    let root_a = dist.client(0)?;
+    let root_b = dist.client(3)?;
+    wait_for_bytes(
+        &root_b,
+        &seed.history_bucket,
+        seed.history_key,
+        &seed.history_body,
+        &format!("{context}: root GET historical object"),
+    )
+    .await?;
+    assert_object_bytes(&root_a, &seed.history_bucket, seed.history_key, &seed.history_body).await?;
+
+    let v1 = root_b
+        .get_object()
+        .bucket(&seed.versioned_bucket)
+        .key(seed.versioned_key)
+        .version_id(&seed.version1)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let v1_body = v1.body.collect().await?.into_bytes();
+    if v1_body.as_ref() != seed.version1_body.as_slice() {
+        return Err(format!("{context}: version 1 bytes changed after upgrade").into());
+    }
+    let v2 = root_a
+        .get_object()
+        .bucket(&seed.versioned_bucket)
+        .key(seed.versioned_key)
+        .version_id(&seed.version2)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let v2_body = v2.body.collect().await?.into_bytes();
+    if v2_body.as_ref() != seed.version2_body.as_slice() {
+        return Err(format!("{context}: version 2 bytes changed after upgrade").into());
+    }
+
+    let users = cluster_admin_ok(&dist.cluster, http::Method::GET, "/rustfs/admin/v3/list-users", None).await?;
+    if !users.contains(&seed.iam_user) {
+        return Err(format!("{context}: list-users lost IAM user {}: {users}", seed.iam_user).into());
+    }
+
+    let iam_on_upgraded = dist.client_with_credentials(0, &seed.iam_user, seed.iam_secret)?;
+    let iam_on_peer = dist.client_with_credentials(3, &seed.iam_user, seed.iam_secret)?;
+    wait_for_bytes(
+        &iam_on_upgraded,
+        &seed.iam_bucket,
+        seed.iam_key,
+        &seed.iam_body,
+        &format!("{context}: IAM GET historical object on node 0"),
+    )
+    .await?;
+    wait_for_bytes(
+        &iam_on_peer,
+        &seed.iam_bucket,
+        seed.iam_key,
+        &seed.iam_body,
+        &format!("{context}: IAM GET historical object on node 3"),
+    )
+    .await?;
+
+    let post_key = format!("after-upgrade-{context}.txt");
+    let post_body = format!("{context}: written with the same IAM AK/SK after upgrade").into_bytes();
+    wait_for_put(
+        &iam_on_peer,
+        &seed.iam_bucket,
+        &post_key,
+        post_body.clone(),
+        &format!("{context}: IAM PUT after upgrade"),
+    )
+    .await?;
+    assert_object_bytes(&iam_on_upgraded, &seed.iam_bucket, &post_key, &post_body).await?;
+
+    let bad = dist.client_with_credentials(1, &seed.iam_user, WRONG_SECRET)?;
+    match bad.get_object().bucket(&seed.iam_bucket).key(seed.iam_key).send().await {
+        Ok(_) => return Err(format!("{context}: wrong secret must not read the IAM object").into()),
+        Err(error) => {
+            let code = error.as_service_error().and_then(ProvideErrorMetadata::code);
+            let rejected = code == Some("SignatureDoesNotMatch")
+                || code == Some("InvalidAccessKeyId")
+                || code == Some("AccessDenied")
+                || code == Some("InvalidArgument")
+                || error.raw_response().is_some_and(|response| response.status().as_u16() == 403);
+            if !rejected {
+                return Err(format!("{context}: wrong secret failed with unexpected error {error:?}").into());
+            }
+        }
+    }
+
+    let post_root_key = format!("root-after-{context}.bin");
+    let post_root_body = format!("{context}: root write after upgrade").into_bytes();
+    put_object(&root_a, &seed.history_bucket, &post_root_key, post_root_body.clone()).await?;
+    assert_object_bytes(&root_b, &seed.history_bucket, &post_root_key, &post_root_body).await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_direct_upgrade_preserves_history_and_iam_credentials() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let previous = source_binary()?;
+    let mut dist = DistCluster::new_stopped(DistLayout::FourNodeFourDisk).await?;
+    capture_upgrade_logs(&mut dist, "direct-upgrade")?;
+    dist.start_from_binary(&previous).await?;
+
+    let seed = seed_history_and_iam(&dist).await?;
+    dist.restart_with_current_binary().await?;
+    assert_history_and_iam(&dist, &seed, "direct").await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_rolling_upgrade_preserves_history_and_iam_credentials() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let previous = source_binary()?;
+    let mut dist = DistCluster::new_stopped(DistLayout::FourNodeFourDisk).await?;
+    capture_upgrade_logs(&mut dist, "rolling-upgrade")?;
+    dist.start_from_binary(&previous).await?;
+
+    let seed = seed_history_and_iam(&dist).await?;
+
+    dist.replace_node_with_current_binary(0).await?;
+    assert_history_and_iam(&dist, &seed, "one-current-node").await?;
+
+    for node_idx in [1, 2] {
+        dist.replace_node_with_current_binary(node_idx).await?;
+    }
+    assert_history_and_iam(&dist, &seed, "one-previous-node").await?;
+
+    dist.replace_node_with_current_binary(3).await?;
+    assert_history_and_iam(&dist, &seed, "homogeneous-current").await?;
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/distributed/versioning_test.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,188 @@
+// Copyright 2026 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use super::harness::{DistCluster, DistLayout, TestResult, enable_versioning, get_object_bytes, put_object, unique_bucket};
+use crate::common::init_logging;
+use aws_sdk_s3::error::ProvideErrorMetadata;
+use aws_sdk_s3::types::{BucketVersioningStatus, VersioningConfiguration};
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_four_drive_versioning_put_list_get_delete_marker() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::FourByFour).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("version");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let writer = dist.client(0)?;
+    let reader = dist.client(3)?;
+    enable_versioning(&writer, &bucket).await?;
+
+    let key = "versioned.txt";
+    let v1_id = writer
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .body(b"v1".to_vec().into())
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .version_id()
+        .ok_or("v1 PUT omitted version ID")?
+        .to_string();
+    let v2_id = writer
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .body(b"v2".to_vec().into())
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .version_id()
+        .ok_or("v2 PUT omitted version ID")?
+        .to_string();
+
+    let versions = reader.list_object_versions().bucket(&bucket).prefix(key).send().await?;
+    let matching_versions: Vec<_> = versions
+        .versions()
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|version| version.key() == Some(key))
+        .collect();
+    assert_eq!(matching_versions.len(), 2, "fresh key must have exactly two versions: {versions:?}");
+    assert!(versions.delete_markers().is_empty(), "fresh key unexpectedly has a delete marker");
+    assert!(
+        matching_versions
+            .iter()
+            .any(|version| version.version_id() == Some(v1_id.as_str()) && version.is_latest() != Some(true)),
+        "v1 was not the historical version: {versions:?}"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        matching_versions
+            .iter()
+            .any(|version| version.version_id() == Some(v2_id.as_str()) && version.is_latest() == Some(true)),
+        "v2 was not the latest version: {versions:?}"
+    );
+
+    let latest = get_object_bytes(&reader, &bucket, key).await?;
+    assert_eq!(latest, b"v2");
+
+    let older = reader.get_object().bucket(&bucket).key(key).version_id(&v1_id).send().await?;
+    let older_body = older.body.collect().await?.into_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(older_body.as_ref(), b"v1");
+
+    let deleted = writer.delete_object().bucket(&bucket).key(key).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(deleted.delete_marker(), Some(true));
+    let marker_id = deleted.version_id().ok_or("DeleteObject omitted delete-marker version ID")?;
+    let after_delete = reader.list_object_versions().bucket(&bucket).prefix(key).send().await?;
+    let matching_markers: Vec<_> = after_delete
+        .delete_markers()
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|marker| marker.key() == Some(key))
+        .collect();
+    assert_eq!(
+        matching_markers.len(),
+        1,
+        "delete marker missing or duplicated after current-version delete: {after_delete:?}"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        matching_markers[0].version_id() == Some(marker_id) && matching_markers[0].is_latest() == Some(true),
+        "DeleteObject response and ListObjectVersions disagree about the marker: {after_delete:?}"
+    );
+
+    let latest_after_delete = reader.get_object().bucket(&bucket).key(key).send().await;
+    match latest_after_delete {
+        Ok(_) => return Err("current version should be a delete marker".into()),
+        Err(error)
+            if error
+                .as_service_error()
+                .and_then(ProvideErrorMetadata::code)
+                .is_some_and(|code| code == "NoSuchKey" || code == "NotFound") => {}
+        Err(error) => return Err(error.into()),
+    }
+
+    let restored = reader.get_object().bucket(&bucket).key(key).version_id(&v1_id).send().await?;
+    let restored_body = restored.body.collect().await?.into_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(restored_body.as_ref(), b"v1");
+
+    writer
+        .delete_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .version_id(marker_id)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(get_object_bytes(&reader, &bucket, key).await?, b"v2");
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn four_node_versioning_suspension_keeps_one_null_version_and_history() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let dist = DistCluster::start(DistLayout::FourByFour).await?;
+    let bucket = unique_bucket("suspend");
+    dist.create_bucket(&bucket).await?;
+    let writer = dist.client(0)?;
+    let reader = dist.client(3)?;
+    enable_versioning(&writer, &bucket).await?;
+
+    let key = "suspended.txt";
+    let original = writer
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .body(b"enabled-history".to_vec().into())
+        .send()
+        .await?
+        .version_id()
+        .ok_or("enabled PUT omitted version ID")?
+        .to_string();
+    writer
+        .put_bucket_versioning()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .versioning_configuration(
+            VersioningConfiguration::builder()
+                .status(BucketVersioningStatus::Suspended)
+                .build(),
+        )
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+
+    put_object(&writer, &bucket, key, b"null-one".to_vec()).await?;
+    put_object(&writer, &bucket, key, b"null-two".to_vec()).await?;
+    assert_eq!(get_object_bytes(&reader, &bucket, key).await?, b"null-two");
+
+    let versions = reader.list_object_versions().bucket(&bucket).prefix(key).send().await?;
+    let matching: Vec<_> = versions
+        .versions()
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|version| version.key() == Some(key))
+        .collect();
+    assert!(matching.iter().any(|version| version.version_id() == Some(original.as_str())));
+    let null_version_count = matching
+        .iter()
+        .filter(|version| {
+            matches!(
+                version.version_id(),
+                None | Some("") | Some("null") | Some("00000000-0000-0000-0000-000000000000")
+            )
+        })
+        .count();
+    assert_eq!(null_version_count, 1, "suspended overwrites must keep one null version: {versions:?}");
+
+    let historical = reader
+        .get_object()
+        .bucket(&bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .version_id(&original)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(historical.body.collect().await?.into_bytes().as_ref(), b"enabled-history");
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/fake_s3_target/mod.rs

@@ -34,12 +34,14 @@ use s3s::dto::{
     AbortMultipartUploadInput, AbortMultipartUploadOutput, CommonPrefix, CompleteMultipartUploadInput,
     CompleteMultipartUploadOutput, CreateMultipartUploadInput, CreateMultipartUploadOutput, DeleteMarkerEntry, DeleteObjectInput,
     DeleteObjectOutput, DeleteObjectTaggingInput, DeleteObjectTaggingOutput, ETag, GetBucketVersioningInput,
-    GetBucketVersioningOutput, GetObjectInput, GetObjectLockConfigurationInput, GetObjectLockConfigurationOutput,
-    GetObjectOutput, GetObjectTaggingInput, GetObjectTaggingOutput, HeadBucketInput, HeadBucketOutput, HeadObjectInput,
+    GetBucketVersioningOutput, GetObjectInput, GetObjectLegalHoldInput, GetObjectLegalHoldOutput,
+    GetObjectLockConfigurationInput, GetObjectLockConfigurationOutput, GetObjectOutput, GetObjectRetentionInput,
+    GetObjectRetentionOutput, GetObjectTaggingInput, GetObjectTaggingOutput, HeadBucketInput, HeadBucketOutput, HeadObjectInput,
     HeadObjectOutput, ListObjectVersionsInput, ListObjectVersionsOutput, ListObjectsV2Input, ListObjectsV2Output, Object,
-    ObjectLockConfiguration, ObjectLockEnabled, ObjectStorageClass, ObjectVersionId, PutObjectInput, PutObjectOutput,
-    PutObjectTaggingInput, PutObjectTaggingOutput, Range, StreamingBlob, Tag, TagSet, Timestamp, TimestampFormat,
-    UploadPartInput, UploadPartOutput,
+    ObjectLockConfiguration, ObjectLockEnabled, ObjectLockLegalHold, ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus, ObjectLockMode,
+    ObjectLockRetention, ObjectLockRetentionMode, ObjectStorageClass, ObjectVersionId, PutObjectInput, PutObjectLegalHoldInput,
+    PutObjectLegalHoldOutput, PutObjectOutput, PutObjectRetentionInput, PutObjectRetentionOutput, PutObjectTaggingInput,
+    PutObjectTaggingOutput, Range, StreamingBlob, Tag, TagSet, Timestamp, TimestampFormat, UploadPartInput, UploadPartOutput,
 };
 use s3s::service::{S3Service, S3ServiceBuilder};
 use s3s::validation::{AwsNameValidation, NameValidation};
@@ -127,6 +129,10 @@ pub enum Operation {
     GetObjectTagging,
     PutObjectTagging,
     DeleteObjectTagging,
+    GetObjectRetention,
+    PutObjectRetention,
+    GetObjectLegalHold,
+    PutObjectLegalHold,
     ListObjectVersions,
     ListObjectsV2,
     CreateMultipartUpload,
@@ -451,10 +457,40 @@ impl JournaledHeaders {
 struct ControlState {
     scripts: HashMap<Operation, VecDeque<FaultAction>>,
     keyed_scripts: HashMap<(Operation, String), VecDeque<FaultAction>>,
+    held_get: Option<HeldGetObject>,
     requests: VecDeque<RequestRecord>,
     next_sequence: u64,
 }
 
+#[derive(Clone)]
+struct HeldGetObject {
+    bucket: String,
+    key: String,
+    entered: watch::Sender<usize>,
+    released: watch::Receiver<bool>,
+}
+
+/// Holds every GET of one object, including retries, until this guard is dropped.
+#[must_use = "dropping the guard releases the held GET requests"]
+pub struct GetObjectGate {
+    control: Arc<Mutex<ControlState>>,
+    entered: watch::Receiver<usize>,
+    released: watch::Sender<bool>,
+}
+
+impl GetObjectGate {
+    pub async fn wait_until_entered(&mut self) -> Result<(), watch::error::RecvError> {
+        self.entered.wait_for(|count| *count > 0).await.map(|_| ())
+    }
+}
+
+impl Drop for GetObjectGate {
+    fn drop(&mut self) {
+        lock(&self.control).held_get = None;
+        self.released.send_replace(true);
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Default)]
 struct StoreState {
     assign_own_version_ids: bool,
@@ -471,6 +507,10 @@ struct StoreState {
     /// PutObject carrying any `x-amz-object-lock-*` header must also carry
     /// `Content-MD5` or an `x-amz-checksum-*` header.
     require_checksum_for_object_lock: bool,
+    /// Models Wasabi (rustfs/backlog#2340): a version-addressed DELETE of a
+    /// version id the target never had answers 404 `NoSuchVersion` instead of
+    /// the idempotent 204 RustFS/MinIO give.
+    reject_unknown_version_deletes: bool,
     limits: StoreLimits,
     buckets: HashMap<String, BucketState>,
     uploads: HashMap<String, MultipartState>,
@@ -535,6 +575,41 @@ struct ObjectVersion {
     /// SSE-C passthrough transport headers stored with the version (RustFS
     /// target behavior); empty when the drop mode discarded them.
     replication_sse_headers: Vec<(String, String)>,
+    /// Object Lock state of the version: retention (mode, retain-until) from
+    /// the PUT / CreateMultipartUpload headers or PutObjectRetention, and the
+    /// legal hold flag; replayed on HEAD.
+    lock: VersionLock,
+}
+
+#[derive(Clone, Default)]
+struct VersionLock {
+    retention: Option<(String, Timestamp)>,
+    /// `None` until a legal hold status was ever set; like S3, HEAD then
+    /// reports nothing, while an explicit OFF is reported as `OFF`.
+    legal_hold: Option<bool>,
+}
+
+impl VersionLock {
+    fn from_headers(
+        mode: Option<ObjectLockMode>,
+        retain_until: Option<Timestamp>,
+        legal_hold: Option<ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus>,
+    ) -> Self {
+        Self {
+            retention: mode.zip(retain_until).map(|(mode, until)| (mode.as_str().to_string(), until)),
+            legal_hold: legal_hold.map(|status| status.as_str().eq_ignore_ascii_case("ON")),
+        }
+    }
+
+    fn legal_hold_status(&self) -> Option<ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus> {
+        self.legal_hold.map(|on| {
+            ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus::from_static(if on {
+                ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus::ON
+            } else {
+                ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus::OFF
+            })
+        })
+    }
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -546,6 +621,7 @@ struct MultipartState {
     metadata: Option<HashMap<String, String>>,
     standard_headers: StandardHeaders,
     replication_sse_headers: Vec<(String, String)>,
+    lock: VersionLock,
     parts: BTreeMap<i32, MultipartPart>,
 }
 
@@ -554,6 +630,10 @@ struct MultipartPart {
     body: Bytes,
     e_tag: String,
     digest: [u8; 16],
+    /// Plaintext length declared by an SSE-C passthrough sender
+    /// (`x-rustfs-replication-part-actual-size`); RustFS validates the 5 MiB
+    /// minimum against it rather than against the stored bytes.
+    actual_size: Option<usize>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Clone)]
@@ -815,6 +895,7 @@ impl FakeS3Target {
             standard_headers: seed.standard_headers.clone(),
             tags: Vec::new(),
             replication_sse_headers: Vec::new(),
+            lock: VersionLock::default(),
         };
         upsert_version(&mut state, bucket, key.into(), version).expect("seed object must fit the storage budget");
         e_tag
@@ -888,6 +969,12 @@ impl FakeS3Target {
     /// PutObject that carries Object Lock parameters (AWS S3 / MinIO rule,
     /// rustfs#7082). `Content-MD5`, when present, is always verified against
     /// the body regardless of this mode.
+    /// Wasabi-like mode: DELETE of an unknown version id answers 404
+    /// `NoSuchVersion` (the default 204 models RustFS/MinIO).
+    pub fn reject_unknown_version_deletes(&self, enabled: bool) {
+        lock(&self.backend.store).reject_unknown_version_deletes = enabled;
+    }
+
     pub fn require_checksum_for_object_lock(&self, enabled: bool) {
         lock(&self.backend.store).require_checksum_for_object_lock = enabled;
     }
@@ -936,6 +1023,30 @@ impl FakeS3Target {
             .extend(std::iter::repeat_n(action, times));
     }
 
+    /// Hold one exact bucket/key before any GET response can reach the client.
+    /// The fixture supports one live gate; request and connection deadlines still apply.
+    pub fn hold_get_object(&self, bucket: &str, key: &str) -> GetObjectGate {
+        assert!(
+            bucket.len() <= MAX_RETAINED_IDENTIFIER_BYTES && key.len() <= MAX_RETAINED_IDENTIFIER_BYTES,
+            "held GET identifiers exceed the fixture limit"
+        );
+        let mut state = lock(&self.control);
+        assert!(state.held_get.is_none(), "fake target already holds a GET gate");
+        let (entered, entered_rx) = watch::channel(0);
+        let (released, released_rx) = watch::channel(false);
+        state.held_get = Some(HeldGetObject {
+            bucket: bucket.to_string(),
+            key: key.to_string(),
+            entered,
+            released: released_rx,
+        });
+        GetObjectGate {
+            control: Arc::clone(&self.control),
+            entered: entered_rx,
+            released,
+        }
+    }
+
     pub fn clear_faults(&self) {
         let mut state = lock(&self.control);
         state.scripts.clear();
@@ -1098,6 +1209,10 @@ fn operation_from_s3_name(name: &str) -> Operation {
         "GetObjectTagging" => Operation::GetObjectTagging,
         "PutObjectTagging" => Operation::PutObjectTagging,
         "DeleteObjectTagging" => Operation::DeleteObjectTagging,
+        "GetObjectRetention" => Operation::GetObjectRetention,
+        "PutObjectRetention" => Operation::PutObjectRetention,
+        "GetObjectLegalHold" => Operation::GetObjectLegalHold,
+        "PutObjectLegalHold" => Operation::PutObjectLegalHold,
         "ListObjectsV2" => Operation::ListObjectsV2,
         "CreateMultipartUpload" => Operation::CreateMultipartUpload,
         "UploadPart" => Operation::UploadPart,
@@ -1235,6 +1350,18 @@ fn parse_request(method: &Method, uri: &Uri) -> ParsedRequest {
         (&Method::DELETE, true) if query.contains_key("tagging") && only_query_keys(&["tagging", "versionId"]) => {
             Operation::DeleteObjectTagging
         }
+        (&Method::GET, true) if query.contains_key("retention") && only_query_keys(&["retention", "versionId"]) => {
+            Operation::GetObjectRetention
+        }
+        (&Method::PUT, true) if query.contains_key("retention") && only_query_keys(&["retention", "versionId"]) => {
+            Operation::PutObjectRetention
+        }
+        (&Method::GET, true) if query.contains_key("legal-hold") && only_query_keys(&["legal-hold", "versionId"]) => {
+            Operation::GetObjectLegalHold
+        }
+        (&Method::PUT, true) if query.contains_key("legal-hold") && only_query_keys(&["legal-hold", "versionId"]) => {
+            Operation::PutObjectLegalHold
+        }
         // A replication PUT addresses the source version via `?versionId=`.
         (&Method::PUT, true) if only_query_keys(&["versionId"]) => Operation::PutObject,
         (&Method::GET, true) if only_query_keys(&["versionId"]) => Operation::GetObject,
@@ -1788,6 +1915,28 @@ fn set_version_tags(
     Ok(resolved)
 }
 
+fn update_version_lock(
+    state: &mut StoreState,
+    bucket: &str,
+    key: &str,
+    version_id: Option<&str>,
+    update: impl FnOnce(&mut VersionLock),
+) -> S3Result<String> {
+    let resolved = find_version(state, bucket, key, version_id)?.version_id;
+    let version = state
+        .buckets
+        .get_mut(bucket)
+        .expect("bucket existence checked by find_version")
+        .objects
+        .get_mut(key)
+        .expect("key existence checked by find_version")
+        .iter_mut()
+        .find(|version| version.version_id == resolved)
+        .expect("version existence checked by find_version");
+    update(&mut version.lock);
+    Ok(resolved)
+}
+
 /// Whether version ids are surfaced for this bucket. Unknown buckets report
 /// `true`; the caller's lookup raises `NoSuchBucket` first.
 fn bucket_versioned(state: &StoreState, bucket: &str) -> bool {
@@ -2227,6 +2376,11 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
             standard_headers,
             tags: Vec::new(),
             replication_sse_headers: captured_replication_sse_headers(&headers, drop_unlisted),
+            lock: VersionLock::from_headers(
+                input.object_lock_mode,
+                input.object_lock_retain_until_date,
+                input.object_lock_legal_hold_status,
+            ),
         };
         upsert_version(&mut lock(&self.store), &input.bucket, input.key, version)?;
         Ok(apply_response_fault(
@@ -2243,6 +2397,17 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
         let fault = request_fault(&req);
         apply_non_body_fault(fault.as_ref(), &self.control).await?;
         let input = req.input;
+        let held_get = lock(&self.control)
+            .held_get
+            .as_ref()
+            .filter(|held| held.bucket == input.bucket && held.key == input.key)
+            .cloned();
+        if let Some(mut held) = held_get {
+            held.entered.send_modify(|count| *count += 1);
+            // Keep the gate installed when a request is cancelled or times out:
+            // a retry must cross the same boundary before returning any bytes.
+            let _ = held.released.wait_for(|released| *released).await;
+        }
         let (version, versioned) = {
             let state = lock(&self.store);
             (
@@ -2274,6 +2439,13 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
             last_modified: Some(version.last_modified.clone()),
             version_id: versioned.then_some(version.version_id),
             sse_customer_algorithm,
+            object_lock_mode: version
+                .lock
+                .retention
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|(mode, _)| ObjectLockMode::from(mode.clone())),
+            object_lock_retain_until_date: version.lock.retention.as_ref().map(|(_, until)| until.clone()),
+            object_lock_legal_hold_status: version.lock.legal_hold_status(),
             ..Default::default()
         });
         response.status = served.status;
@@ -2308,6 +2480,13 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
             last_modified: Some(version.last_modified.clone()),
             version_id: versioned.then_some(version.version_id),
             sse_customer_algorithm,
+            object_lock_mode: version
+                .lock
+                .retention
+                .as_ref()
+                .map(|(mode, _)| ObjectLockMode::from(mode.clone())),
+            object_lock_retain_until_date: version.lock.retention.as_ref().map(|(_, until)| until.clone()),
+            object_lock_legal_hold_status: version.lock.legal_hold_status(),
             ..Default::default()
         });
         response.status = served.status;
@@ -2367,6 +2546,82 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
         ))
     }
 
+    async fn get_object_retention(
+        &self,
+        req: S3Request<GetObjectRetentionInput>,
+    ) -> S3Result<S3Response<GetObjectRetentionOutput>> {
+        let fault = request_fault(&req);
+        apply_non_body_fault(fault.as_ref(), &self.control).await?;
+        let input = req.input;
+        let version = find_version(&lock(&self.store), &input.bucket, &input.key, input.version_id.as_deref())?;
+        Ok(apply_response_fault(
+            S3Response::new(GetObjectRetentionOutput {
+                retention: version.lock.retention.map(|(mode, until)| ObjectLockRetention {
+                    mode: Some(ObjectLockRetentionMode::from(mode)),
+                    retain_until_date: Some(until),
+                }),
+            }),
+            fault.as_ref(),
+        ))
+    }
+
+    async fn put_object_retention(
+        &self,
+        req: S3Request<PutObjectRetentionInput>,
+    ) -> S3Result<S3Response<PutObjectRetentionOutput>> {
+        let fault = request_fault(&req);
+        apply_non_body_fault(fault.as_ref(), &self.control).await?;
+        let input = req.input;
+        let retention = input
+            .retention
+            .and_then(|retention| retention.mode.zip(retention.retain_until_date))
+            .map(|(mode, until)| (mode.as_str().to_string(), until));
+        update_version_lock(&mut lock(&self.store), &input.bucket, &input.key, input.version_id.as_deref(), |lock| {
+            lock.retention = retention;
+        })?;
+        Ok(apply_response_fault(S3Response::new(PutObjectRetentionOutput::default()), fault.as_ref()))
+    }
+
+    async fn get_object_legal_hold(
+        &self,
+        req: S3Request<GetObjectLegalHoldInput>,
+    ) -> S3Result<S3Response<GetObjectLegalHoldOutput>> {
+        let fault = request_fault(&req);
+        apply_non_body_fault(fault.as_ref(), &self.control).await?;
+        let input = req.input;
+        let version = find_version(&lock(&self.store), &input.bucket, &input.key, input.version_id.as_deref())?;
+        Ok(apply_response_fault(
+            S3Response::new(GetObjectLegalHoldOutput {
+                legal_hold: Some(ObjectLockLegalHold {
+                    status: Some(
+                        version
+                            .lock
+                            .legal_hold_status()
+                            .unwrap_or_else(|| ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus::from_static(ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus::OFF)),
+                    ),
+                }),
+            }),
+            fault.as_ref(),
+        ))
+    }
+
+    async fn put_object_legal_hold(
+        &self,
+        req: S3Request<PutObjectLegalHoldInput>,
+    ) -> S3Result<S3Response<PutObjectLegalHoldOutput>> {
+        let fault = request_fault(&req);
+        apply_non_body_fault(fault.as_ref(), &self.control).await?;
+        let input = req.input;
+        let legal_hold_on = input
+            .legal_hold
+            .and_then(|hold| hold.status)
+            .is_some_and(|status| status.as_str().eq_ignore_ascii_case("ON"));
+        update_version_lock(&mut lock(&self.store), &input.bucket, &input.key, input.version_id.as_deref(), |lock| {
+            lock.legal_hold = Some(legal_hold_on);
+        })?;
+        Ok(apply_response_fault(S3Response::new(PutObjectLegalHoldOutput::default()), fault.as_ref()))
+    }
+
     async fn delete_object_tagging(
         &self,
         req: S3Request<DeleteObjectTaggingInput>,
@@ -2420,6 +2675,7 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
             return Ok(apply_response_fault(S3Response::new(DeleteObjectOutput::default()), fault.as_ref()));
         }
         if let Some(version_id) = input.version_id {
+            let reject_unknown = state.reject_unknown_version_deletes;
             let (removed_bytes, removed_versions, delete_marker, remove_key) = {
                 let Some(versions) = state
                     .buckets
@@ -2428,6 +2684,9 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
                     .objects
                     .get_mut(&input.key)
                 else {
+                    if reject_unknown {
+                        return Err(s3s::s3_error!(NoSuchVersion, "The specified version does not exist."));
+                    }
                     return Ok(apply_response_fault(
                         S3Response::new(DeleteObjectOutput {
                             version_id: Some(version_id),
@@ -2436,6 +2695,9 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
                         fault.as_ref(),
                     ));
                 };
+                if reject_unknown && !versions.iter().any(|version| version.version_id == version_id) {
+                    return Err(s3s::s3_error!(NoSuchVersion, "The specified version does not exist."));
+                }
                 let mut removed_bytes = 0usize;
                 let mut removed_versions = 0usize;
                 let mut delete_marker = None;
@@ -2489,6 +2751,7 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
                 standard_headers: StandardHeaders::default(),
                 tags: Vec::new(),
                 replication_sse_headers: Vec::new(),
+                lock: VersionLock::default(),
             },
         )?;
         Ok(apply_response_fault(
@@ -2543,6 +2806,11 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
                 metadata: input.metadata,
                 standard_headers,
                 replication_sse_headers: captured_replication_sse_headers(&headers, drop_unlisted),
+                lock: VersionLock::from_headers(
+                    input.object_lock_mode,
+                    input.object_lock_retain_until_date,
+                    input.object_lock_legal_hold_status,
+                ),
                 parts: BTreeMap::new(),
             },
         );
@@ -2559,6 +2827,11 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
 
     async fn upload_part(&self, req: S3Request<UploadPartInput>) -> S3Result<S3Response<UploadPartOutput>> {
         let fault = request_fault(&req);
+        let declared_actual_size = req
+            .headers
+            .get("x-rustfs-replication-part-actual-size")
+            .and_then(|value| value.to_str().ok())
+            .and_then(|value| value.parse::<usize>().ok());
         let _body_permit = timeout(MAX_FAULT_DURATION, Arc::clone(&self.body_limit).acquire_owned())
             .await
             .map_err(|_| s3s::s3_error!(RequestTimeout, "fake target body limiter wait exceeded 30 seconds"))?
@@ -2600,6 +2873,7 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
                 body,
                 e_tag: e_tag.clone(),
                 digest,
+                actual_size: declared_actual_size,
             },
         );
         Ok(apply_response_fault(
@@ -2669,7 +2943,9 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
                 if requested_etag != &stored.e_tag {
                     return Err(s3s::s3_error!(InvalidPart, "part ETag does not match"));
                 }
-                if index + 1 != requested_parts.len() && stored.body.len() < MIN_MULTIPART_PART_BYTES {
+                if index + 1 != requested_parts.len()
+                    && stored.actual_size.unwrap_or(stored.body.len()) < MIN_MULTIPART_PART_BYTES
+                {
                     return Err(s3s::s3_error!(EntityTooSmall, "non-final multipart part is smaller than 5 MiB"));
                 }
                 selected.push((*number, stored.clone()));
@@ -2683,6 +2959,7 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
                     metadata: upload.metadata.clone(),
                     standard_headers: upload.standard_headers.clone(),
                     replication_sse_headers: upload.replication_sse_headers.clone(),
+                    lock: upload.lock.clone(),
                     parts: BTreeMap::new(),
                 },
                 selected,
@@ -2713,6 +2990,7 @@ impl S3 for FakeBackend {
             standard_headers: upload.standard_headers,
             tags: Vec::new(),
             replication_sse_headers: upload.replication_sse_headers,
+            lock: upload.lock,
         };
         let mut state = lock(&self.store);
         let versioned = bucket_versioned(&state, &input.bucket);
@@ -2894,6 +3172,81 @@ mod tests {
         aws_sdk_s3::primitives::DateTime::from_secs(4_102_444_800)
     }
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn get_object_gate_holds_retries_and_releases_on_drop() -> Result<(), BoxError> {
+        let target = FakeS3Target::start().await?;
+        let bucket = "gated-target";
+        target.create_bucket(bucket);
+        for key in ["held", "unrelated"] {
+            target.put_seed_object(bucket, key, Bytes::from_static(b"payload"), &SeedMetadata::default());
+        }
+        {
+            let gate = target.hold_get_object(bucket, "held");
+            let request = || S3Request {
+                input: GetObjectInput {
+                    bucket: bucket.to_string(),
+                    key: "held".to_string(),
+                    ..Default::default()
+                },
+                method: Method::GET,
+                uri: Uri::from_static("/gated-target/held"),
+                headers: HeaderMap::new(),
+                extensions: http::Extensions::new(),
+                credentials: None,
+                region: None,
+                service: None,
+                trailing_headers: None,
+            };
+            // Without a fault, only the gate can suspend this backend method.
+            let mut first = target.backend.get_object(request());
+            assert!(futures::poll!(first.as_mut()).is_pending(), "the first GET must wait at the gate");
+            drop(first);
+            let mut retry = target.backend.get_object(request());
+            assert!(futures::poll!(retry.as_mut()).is_pending(), "a cancelled GET must not consume the gate");
+            drop(gate);
+            let std::task::Poll::Ready(response) = futures::poll!(retry.as_mut()) else {
+                panic!("dropping the gate must release the waiting GET");
+            };
+            let mut body = response?.output.body.expect("released GET body");
+            assert_eq!(body.next().await.transpose()?, Some(Bytes::from_static(b"payload")));
+            assert!(body.next().await.is_none(), "released GET body must be complete");
+        }
+        let client = client(&target);
+        let mut gate = target.hold_get_object(bucket, "held");
+        let mut requests = tokio::task::JoinSet::new();
+        let first = client.clone();
+        requests.spawn(async move { get_bytes(&first, bucket, "held", None).await });
+        timeout(Duration::from_secs(2), gate.wait_until_entered()).await??;
+        requests.abort_all();
+        assert!(
+            requests
+                .join_next()
+                .await
+                .expect("first GET task")
+                .expect_err("cancel the first GET attempt")
+                .is_cancelled()
+        );
+
+        let retry = client.clone();
+        requests.spawn(async move { get_bytes(&retry, bucket, "held", None).await });
+        timeout(Duration::from_secs(2), gate.entered.wait_for(|count| *count == 2)).await??;
+        assert_eq!(
+            timeout(Duration::from_secs(2), get_bytes(&client, bucket, "unrelated", None)).await??,
+            Bytes::from_static(b"payload")
+        );
+        assert!(requests.try_join_next().is_none(), "the retry must remain behind the gate");
+        drop(gate);
+        assert_eq!(
+            timeout(Duration::from_secs(2), requests.join_next())
+                .await?
+                .expect("retried GET task")??,
+            Bytes::from_static(b"payload")
+        );
+        assert_eq!(get_bytes(&client, bucket, "held", None).await?, Bytes::from_static(b"payload"));
+        assert_eq!(target.count_requests(Operation::GetObject, "held"), 3);
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn object_lock_target_requires_a_checksum_on_locked_puts() -> Result<(), BoxError> {
         use aws_sdk_s3::error::ProvideErrorMetadata;
@@ -4469,6 +4822,7 @@ mod tests {
                         metadata: None,
                         standard_headers: StandardHeaders::default(),
                         replication_sse_headers: Vec::new(),
+                        lock: VersionLock::default(),
                         parts: BTreeMap::new(),
                     },
                 );

crates/e2e_test/src/heal_erasure_disk_rebuild_test.rs

@@ -16,24 +16,141 @@
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
-    use crate::chaos::{VersionShardCensus, census_object_version_on_disk, signed_admin_post};
+    use crate::chaos::{VersionShardCensus, census_object_version_on_disk, sha256_hex, signed_admin_post};
     use crate::common::{
         FAST_DATA_USAGE_SCANNER_ENV, RustFSTestClusterEnvironment, RustFSTestEnvironment, admin_request, init_logging,
+        rustfs_binary_path,
     };
     use crate::storage_api::RUSTFS_META_BUCKET;
     use aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream;
     use http::Method;
+    use sha2::{Digest, Sha256};
     use std::collections::HashSet;
     use std::error::Error;
+    use std::io::{Read, Write};
     use std::net::SocketAddr;
     use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
     use std::process::Command;
     use tokio::net::TcpStream;
     use tokio::time::{Duration, Instant, sleep, timeout};
     use tracing::info;
+    #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+    use tracing::warn;
 
     const POOL_METADATA_OBJECT: &str = "pool.bin";
 
+    #[derive(serde::Deserialize)]
+    struct EvidenceBuild {
+        sha256: String,
+    }
+
+    #[derive(serde::Deserialize)]
+    struct RestartEvidenceRun {
+        schema: u32,
+        run_id: String,
+        source_revision: String,
+        test_build: serde_json::Value,
+        binary: EvidenceBuild,
+        test_binary: EvidenceBuild,
+    }
+
+    #[derive(Clone, Copy)]
+    struct ScannerHealEvidenceCase {
+        id: &'static str,
+        oracle: &'static str,
+        evidence: &'static str,
+        unclean_shutdown_marker: bool,
+    }
+
+    const BACKGROUND_TARGET_RESTART_EVIDENCE: ScannerHealEvidenceCase = ScannerHealEvidenceCase {
+        id: "background-target-restart",
+        oracle: "background-target-restart.json",
+        evidence: "process-restart",
+        unclean_shutdown_marker: false,
+    };
+
+    const BACKGROUND_TARGET_CRASH_EVIDENCE: ScannerHealEvidenceCase = ScannerHealEvidenceCase {
+        id: "background-target-crash",
+        oracle: "background-target-crash.json",
+        evidence: "process-crash-restart",
+        unclean_shutdown_marker: true,
+    };
+
+    struct RestartEvidenceContext {
+        directory: PathBuf,
+        run: RestartEvidenceRun,
+        case: ScannerHealEvidenceCase,
+    }
+
+    fn file_sha256(path: &Path) -> Result<String, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
+        let mut file = std::fs::File::open(path)?;
+        let mut digest = Sha256::new();
+        let mut buffer = [0_u8; 64 * 1024];
+        loop {
+            let read = file.read(&mut buffer)?;
+            if read == 0 {
+                break;
+            }
+            digest.update(&buffer[..read]);
+        }
+        Ok(digest.finalize().iter().map(|byte| format!("{byte:02x}")).collect())
+    }
+
+    fn restart_evidence_run(
+        binary: &Path,
+        case: ScannerHealEvidenceCase,
+    ) -> Result<Option<RestartEvidenceContext>, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
+        let Some(directory) = std::env::var_os("RUSTFS_SCANNER_HEAL_RUN_DIR") else {
+            return Ok(None);
+        };
+        if case.id.is_empty()
+            || case.oracle.is_empty()
+            || !case.oracle.ends_with(".json")
+            || case.oracle.contains('/')
+            || case.oracle.contains('\\')
+            || case.oracle.contains("..")
+            || !matches!(case.evidence, "process-restart" | "process-crash-restart")
+            || (case.evidence == "process-crash-restart") != case.unclean_shutdown_marker
+        {
+            return Err("invalid scanner/heal evidence case".into());
+        }
+        let directory = PathBuf::from(directory);
+        let receipt = directory.join("run.json");
+        if receipt.metadata()?.len() > 1024 * 1024 {
+            return Err("oversized scanner/heal execution receipt".into());
+        }
+        let run: RestartEvidenceRun = serde_json::from_slice(&std::fs::read(receipt)?)?;
+        if run.schema != 1 || run.run_id.len() != 32 || run.source_revision.len() != 40 {
+            return Err("invalid scanner/heal execution identity".into());
+        }
+        let built = compiled_test_identity();
+        for key in ["source_revision", "dirty", "lock_blob", "features"] {
+            assert_eq!(built[key], run.test_build[key], "compiled test identity differs for {key}");
+        }
+        assert_eq!(file_sha256(binary)?, run.binary.sha256, "server binary must match the run receipt");
+        assert_eq!(
+            file_sha256(&std::env::current_exe()?)?,
+            run.test_binary.sha256,
+            "test executable must match the run receipt"
+        );
+        if directory.join(case.oracle).exists() {
+            return Err("scanner/heal oracle already exists; create a new execution receipt".into());
+        }
+        Ok(Some(RestartEvidenceContext { directory, run, case }))
+    }
+
+    fn compiled_test_identity() -> serde_json::Value {
+        serde_json::json!({
+            "source_revision": env!("RUSTFS_E2E_BUILD_COMMIT"),
+            "dirty": env!("RUSTFS_E2E_BUILD_DIRTY") != "false",
+            "lock_blob": env!("RUSTFS_E2E_BUILD_LOCK"),
+            "features": env!("RUSTFS_E2E_BUILD_FEATURES"),
+            "target": env!("RUSTFS_E2E_BUILD_TARGET"),
+            "profile": env!("RUSTFS_E2E_BUILD_PROFILE"),
+            "rustflags_hex": env!("RUSTFS_E2E_BUILD_RUSTFLAGS_HEX"),
+        })
+    }
+
     struct TcpPortBlackhole {
         port: u16,
         comment: String,
@@ -42,6 +159,49 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     impl TcpPortBlackhole {
+        /// Environment flag that turns an unusable fault-injection host into a
+        /// hard failure instead of a logged skip. Lanes that provision
+        /// `CAP_NET_ADMIN` set it so a broken runner cannot pass silently.
+        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+        const REQUIRE_ENV: &str = "RUSTFS_E2E_REQUIRE_NET_FAULT_INJECTION";
+
+        /// Probe whether this host can manipulate the OUTPUT chain at all.
+        ///
+        /// Returns `Ok(Some(reason))` when `iptables` is missing or lacks
+        /// `CAP_NET_ADMIN` (the nf_tables backend reports "Permission denied"
+        /// even under `sudo` inside an unprivileged container) and the lane did
+        /// not demand fault injection; returns an error when the lane demands
+        /// it; returns `Ok(None)` when the blackhole can be installed.
+        #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
+        fn unavailable_reason() -> Result<Option<String>, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
+            let id = Command::new("id").arg("-u").output()?;
+            if !id.status.success() {
+                return Err(format!("failed to determine the test process uid: {}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&id.stderr)).into());
+            }
+            let use_sudo = String::from_utf8_lossy(&id.stdout).trim() != "0";
+            let mut command = if use_sudo {
+                let mut command = Command::new("sudo");
+                command.args(["-n", "iptables"]);
+                command
+            } else {
+                Command::new("iptables")
+            };
+            let probe = command.args(["-w", "5", "-S", "OUTPUT"]).output();
+            let reason = match probe {
+                Ok(output) if output.status.success() => return Ok(None),
+                Ok(output) => format!(
+                    "iptables cannot read the OUTPUT chain (status {}): {}",
+                    output.status,
+                    String::from_utf8_lossy(&output.stderr).trim()
+                ),
+                Err(err) => format!("iptables is not runnable: {err}"),
+            };
+            if std::env::var_os(Self::REQUIRE_ENV).is_some() {
+                return Err(format!("{} is set but network fault injection is unavailable: {reason}", Self::REQUIRE_ENV).into());
+            }
+            Ok(Some(reason))
+        }
+
         fn install(address: &str) -> Result<Self, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
             let address = address.parse::<SocketAddr>()?;
             if !address.ip().is_loopback() {
@@ -126,6 +286,27 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Remove a disk directory underneath a running server. Background writers
+    /// (scanner, usage cache, heal markers) can recreate entries between the
+    /// recursive listing and the final `rmdir`, which surfaces as
+    /// `DirectoryNotEmpty` on macOS; retry briefly so the wipe reflects the
+    /// operator action rather than a listing race.
+    fn wipe_directory_while_server_runs(disk: &Path) -> std::io::Result<()> {
+        let mut last_err = None;
+        for _ in 0..20 {
+            match std::fs::remove_dir_all(disk) {
+                Ok(()) => return Ok(()),
+                Err(err) if err.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::NotFound => return Ok(()),
+                Err(err) if err.kind() == std::io::ErrorKind::DirectoryNotEmpty => {
+                    last_err = Some(err);
+                    std::thread::sleep(std::time::Duration::from_millis(100));
+                }
+                Err(err) => return Err(err),
+            }
+        }
+        Err(last_err.expect("retry loop only exits without success after recording an error"))
+    }
+
     fn has_file_under(path: &Path) -> bool {
         let Ok(entries) = std::fs::read_dir(path) else {
             return false;
@@ -195,8 +376,9 @@ mod tests {
         clients: &[aws_sdk_s3::Client],
         bucket: &str,
         expected_keys: &HashSet<String>,
-    ) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
+    ) -> Result<Vec<Vec<String>>, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
         const PAGE_SIZE: i32 = 10;
+        let mut node_listings = Vec::with_capacity(clients.len());
         for (node_index, client) in clients.iter().enumerate() {
             let mut listed_keys = Vec::new();
             let mut continuation_token = None;
@@ -243,8 +425,10 @@ mod tests {
                 &listed_key_set, expected_keys,
                 "node {node_index} did not expose the complete recovered namespace"
             );
+            listed_keys.sort();
+            node_listings.push(listed_keys);
         }
-        Ok(())
+        Ok(node_listings)
     }
 
     fn heal_task_status_diagnostic(body: &str) -> String {
@@ -405,7 +589,7 @@ mod tests {
             );
         }
 
-        std::fs::remove_dir_all(&disk0).expect("disk0 wipe should succeed while server is running");
+        wipe_directory_while_server_runs(&disk0).expect("disk0 wipe should succeed while server is running");
         std::fs::create_dir_all(&disk0).expect("disk0 should be recreated empty while server is running");
         assert!(!has_file_under(&disk0), "disk0 must be empty immediately after runtime wipe");
 
@@ -779,6 +963,16 @@ mod tests {
         .await?
     }
 
+    #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
+    async fn test_cluster_root_heal_recovers_remote_shards_after_background_target_crash()
+    -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
+        timeout(
+            Duration::from_secs(420),
+            run_cluster_root_heal_interruption(InterruptionScenario::BackgroundTargetCrash),
+        )
+        .await?
+    }
+
     #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
     async fn test_cluster_root_heal_recovers_remote_shards_after_coordinator_restart() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>>
     {
@@ -792,6 +986,18 @@ mod tests {
     #[cfg(target_os = "linux")]
     #[tokio::test(flavor = "multi_thread")]
     async fn test_cluster_root_heal_recovers_after_target_endpoint_blackhole() -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
+        if let Some(reason) = TcpPortBlackhole::unavailable_reason()? {
+            init_logging();
+            warn!(
+                event = "heal_interruption_skipped",
+                component = "e2e_test",
+                subsystem = "heal",
+                interruption_kind = "target_endpoint_blackhole",
+                reason,
+                "Skipping endpoint blackhole scenario: network fault injection is unavailable on this host"
+            );
+            return Ok(());
+        }
         timeout(
             Duration::from_secs(420),
             run_cluster_root_heal_interruption(InterruptionScenario::TargetEndpointBlackhole),
@@ -803,14 +1009,27 @@ mod tests {
     enum InterruptionScenario {
         IsolatedTargetRestart,
         BackgroundTargetRestart,
+        BackgroundTargetCrash,
         BackgroundCoordinatorRestart,
         TargetEndpointBlackhole,
     }
 
     async fn run_cluster_root_heal_interruption(scenario: InterruptionScenario) -> Result<(), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
+        let server_binary = rustfs_binary_path();
+        let evidence_run = match scenario {
+            InterruptionScenario::BackgroundTargetRestart => {
+                restart_evidence_run(&server_binary, BACKGROUND_TARGET_RESTART_EVIDENCE)?
+            }
+            InterruptionScenario::BackgroundTargetCrash => {
+                restart_evidence_run(&server_binary, BACKGROUND_TARGET_CRASH_EVIDENCE)?
+            }
+            _ => None,
+        };
+        let mut evidence_objects = Vec::new();
         let (background_enabled, interruption_node, interruption_kind) = match scenario {
             InterruptionScenario::IsolatedTargetRestart => (false, 1, "target_restart"),
             InterruptionScenario::BackgroundTargetRestart => (true, 1, "background_target_restart"),
+            InterruptionScenario::BackgroundTargetCrash => (true, 1, "background_target_crash"),
             InterruptionScenario::BackgroundCoordinatorRestart => (true, 0, "coordinator_restart"),
             InterruptionScenario::TargetEndpointBlackhole => (false, 1, "target_endpoint_blackhole"),
         };
@@ -855,7 +1074,7 @@ mod tests {
         for node_index in 0..cluster.nodes.len() {
             cluster.set_node_capture_log_path(node_index, format!("{log_dir}/node{node_index}.log"))?;
         }
-        cluster.start().await?;
+        cluster.start_with_binary(&server_binary).await?;
         let clients = cluster.create_all_clients()?;
 
         let bucket = "heal-restart-during-rebuild";
@@ -877,6 +1096,7 @@ mod tests {
             .unwrap_or(4 * 1024 * 1024)
             .clamp(1024 * 1024, 16 * 1024 * 1024);
         let mut expected_manifests = Vec::with_capacity(online_object_count);
+        let mut unclean_shutdown_marker_observed = None;
         for index in 0..online_object_count {
             let key = format!("cluster/online/object-{index:04}.bin");
             let payload_seed = u8::try_from(index + 1).expect("clamped object count must fit in u8");
@@ -996,7 +1216,7 @@ mod tests {
             }
         }
 
-        cluster.start_node(1).await?;
+        cluster.start_node_from_binary(1, &server_binary).await?;
 
         let status_url = format!("{}/rustfs/admin/v3/background-heal/status", cluster.nodes[0].url);
         let recovery_deadline = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(60);
@@ -1243,7 +1463,11 @@ mod tests {
                 "Restored target endpoint forwarding"
             );
         } else {
-            cluster.stop_node(interruption_node)?;
+            if scenario == InterruptionScenario::BackgroundTargetRestart {
+                cluster.stop_node_gracefully(interruption_node).await?;
+            } else {
+                cluster.stop_node(interruption_node)?;
+            }
             let stopped_count = metadata_count(&replaced_disk, bucket, &expected_manifests);
             assert!(
                 stopped_count > 0 && stopped_count < expected_manifests.len(),
@@ -1259,9 +1483,12 @@ mod tests {
                 .join(".rustfs.sys")
                 .join("unclean-shutdown");
             if background_enabled {
+                let marker_exists = unclean_shutdown_marker.is_file();
+                unclean_shutdown_marker_observed = Some(marker_exists);
+                let expected_marker = !matches!(scenario, InterruptionScenario::BackgroundTargetRestart);
                 assert!(
-                    unclean_shutdown_marker.is_file(),
-                    "background restart must retain the real unclean-shutdown marker"
+                    marker_exists == expected_marker,
+                    "background restart/crash lane observed unexpected unclean-shutdown marker state"
                 );
             } else {
                 match std::fs::remove_file(&unclean_shutdown_marker) {
@@ -1274,7 +1501,7 @@ mod tests {
                     }
                 }
             }
-            cluster.start_node(interruption_node).await?;
+            cluster.start_node_from_binary(interruption_node, &server_binary).await?;
             if interruption_node == 0 {
                 let target = cluster.nodes[1]
                     .process
@@ -1373,7 +1600,7 @@ mod tests {
             .map(|manifest| manifest.key.clone())
             .collect::<HashSet<_>>();
         assert!(expected_keys.insert(outage_key.to_string()));
-        assert_all_nodes_list_exact_keys(&clients, bucket, &expected_keys).await?;
+        let node_listings = assert_all_nodes_list_exact_keys(&clients, bucket, &expected_keys).await?;
 
         let target_client = cluster.create_s3_client(1)?;
         for expected in &expected_manifests {
@@ -1381,11 +1608,31 @@ mod tests {
             let actual = response.body.collect().await?.into_bytes();
             let expected_body = deterministic_object_body(object_size_bytes, expected.payload_seed);
             assert_eq!(actual.as_ref(), expected_body.as_slice(), "object body changed for {}", expected.key);
+            if evidence_run.is_some() {
+                evidence_objects.push(serde_json::json!({
+                    "key": expected.key, "version_id": expected.shard_census.version_id,
+                    "expected_bytes": expected_body.len(), "actual_bytes": actual.len(),
+                    "expected_sha256": sha256_hex(&expected_body),
+                    "actual_sha256": sha256_hex(&actual),
+                    "expected_physical": expected.shard_census,
+                    "physical": census_object_version_on_disk(&replaced_disk, bucket, &expected.key, None)?,
+                }));
+            }
         }
         let response = target_client.get_object().bucket(bucket).key(outage_key).send().await?;
         let actual = response.body.collect().await?.into_bytes();
         let expected_outage_body = deterministic_object_body(object_size_bytes, outage_payload_seed);
         assert_eq!(actual.as_ref(), expected_outage_body.as_slice(), "object body changed for {outage_key}");
+        if evidence_run.is_some() {
+            evidence_objects.push(serde_json::json!({
+                "key": outage_key, "version_id": null,
+                "expected_bytes": expected_outage_body.len(), "actual_bytes": actual.len(),
+                "expected_sha256": sha256_hex(&expected_outage_body),
+                "actual_sha256": sha256_hex(&actual),
+                "expected_physical": null,
+                "physical": census_object_version_on_disk(&replaced_disk, bucket, outage_key, None)?,
+            }));
+        }
 
         let terminal_deadline = Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(30);
         loop {
@@ -1432,6 +1679,37 @@ mod tests {
             return Err(format!("heal data rebuilt but task did not finish successfully: {task_status}").into());
         }
 
+        if let Some(evidence_context) = evidence_run {
+            let restarted_pid = cluster.nodes[1].process.as_ref().ok_or("restarted target is absent")?.id();
+            assert_ne!(target_pid, restarted_pid, "target must be a new process");
+            assert_eq!(
+                file_sha256(&server_binary)?,
+                evidence_context.run.binary.sha256,
+                "server build changed during restart"
+            );
+            let evidence = serde_json::json!({
+                "schema": 1, "case": evidence_context.case.id, "evidence": evidence_context.case.evidence,
+                "run_id": evidence_context.run.run_id, "source_revision": evidence_context.run.source_revision,
+                "test_build": compiled_test_identity(),
+                "binary_sha256": evidence_context.run.binary.sha256,
+                "test_binary_sha256": evidence_context.run.test_binary.sha256,
+                "topology": {"nodes": cluster.nodes.len(), "drives_per_node": cluster.nodes[0].data_dirs.len()},
+                "pid_before": target_pid, "pid_after": restarted_pid,
+                "unclean_shutdown_marker": unclean_shutdown_marker_observed.unwrap_or(false),
+                "objects": evidence_objects, "node_listings": node_listings,
+            });
+            let data = serde_json::to_vec(&evidence)?;
+            if data.len() > 1024 * 1024 {
+                return Err("scanner/heal oracle exceeds the 1 MiB artifact budget".into());
+            }
+            let mut output = std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
+                .write(true)
+                .create_new(true)
+                .open(evidence_context.directory.join(evidence_context.case.oracle))?;
+            output.write_all(&data)?;
+            output.sync_all()?;
+        }
+
         Ok(())
     }
 

crates/e2e_test/src/lib.rs

@@ -378,6 +378,11 @@ mod bucket_stats_regression_test;
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod distributed_startup_regression_test;
 
+// 4-node / 4-disk distributed Actions suite (S3, lock, versioning, replication,
+// quota, observability, expand/decommission/rebalance, site replication, chaos).
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod distributed;
+
 // P1 regression: tier/ILM transition (rustfs#5218, #5130, #5011, #4826, #5024)
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tier_transition_regression_test;

crates/e2e_test/src/on_demand_migration/get_basic_test.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@
 use super::common::{BoxError, OdmSourceSpec, OdmTestEnv, SeedObject};
 use crate::fake_s3_target::{BucketMode, Operation};
 use aws_sdk_s3::error::ProvideErrorMetadata;
-use aws_sdk_s3::types::{BucketVersioningStatus, VersioningConfiguration};
+use aws_sdk_s3::types::{BucketVersioningStatus, ObjectAttributes, VersioningConfiguration};
 use bytes::Bytes;
 use std::time::Duration;
 
@@ -103,11 +103,19 @@ async fn get_miss_pulls_inline_and_serves_locally_afterwards() -> TestResult {
 
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn get_large_object_streams_through_and_backfills_in_background() -> TestResult {
+    const PART_SIZE: usize = 5 * 1024 * 1024;
     let bucket = "odm-get-large";
-    let env = configured_env(bucket, |spec| spec.policy.inline_max_bytes = 4096).await?;
+    let env = configured_env(bucket, |spec| {
+        spec.policy.inline_max_bytes = 4096;
+        spec.policy.multipart_part_size_bytes = u64::try_from(PART_SIZE).expect("part size fits in u64");
+    })
+    .await?;
     let key = "large/archive.bin";
-    let body = payload(512 * 1024);
-    env.seed_source(SOURCE_BUCKET, &[SeedObject::new(key, body.clone())]);
+    let body = payload(PART_SIZE + 4096);
+    let etag = env
+        .seed_source(SOURCE_BUCKET, &[SeedObject::new(key, body.clone())])
+        .remove(0);
+    assert_eq!(etag.len(), 32, "the source fixture has a plain MD5 ETag");
 
     let response = env.raw_get(bucket, key).await?;
     assert_eq!(response.status, 200, "{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&response.body));
@@ -125,6 +133,68 @@ async fn get_large_object_streams_through_and_backfills_in_background() -> TestR
         vec![None, None],
         "one passthrough GET plus one background pull, both unranged"
     );
+
+    let source_requests = env.source.requests().len();
+    let second_part = env.client.get_object().bucket(bucket).key(key).part_number(2).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(second_part.content_length(), Some(4096), "the completed second part is the tail");
+    assert_eq!(
+        second_part.content_range(),
+        Some(format!("bytes {PART_SIZE}-{}/{}", body.len() - 1, body.len()).as_str()),
+        "partNumber reads the stored multipart boundary"
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        second_part.body.collect().await?.into_bytes(),
+        body.slice(PART_SIZE..),
+        "the local second part contains the exact source tail"
+    );
+    let third_part = env
+        .client
+        .get_object()
+        .bucket(bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .part_number(3)
+        .send()
+        .await
+        .expect_err("the completed object has exactly two parts");
+    assert_eq!(third_part.code(), Some("InvalidPart"));
+
+    let mut part_marker = None;
+    for (part_number, part_size) in [(1, PART_SIZE), (2, 4096)] {
+        let attributes = env
+            .client
+            .get_object_attributes()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .key(key)
+            .object_attributes(ObjectAttributes::ObjectParts)
+            .object_attributes(ObjectAttributes::Etag)
+            .max_parts(1)
+            .set_part_number_marker(part_marker.clone())
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        assert_eq!(
+            attributes.e_tag().map(|value| value.trim_matches('"')),
+            Some(etag.as_str()),
+            "multipart write-back preserves the source MD5 ETag"
+        );
+        let parts = attributes
+            .object_parts()
+            .expect("RustFS must expose the stored multipart layout");
+        assert_eq!(parts.total_parts_count(), Some(2));
+        assert_eq!(parts.max_parts(), Some(1));
+        assert_eq!(parts.is_truncated(), Some(part_number == 1));
+        assert_eq!(parts.parts().len(), 1, "RustFS returns one stored part per requested page");
+        assert_eq!(parts.parts()[0].part_number(), Some(part_number));
+        assert_eq!(parts.parts()[0].size(), Some(i64::try_from(part_size).expect("part size fits in i64")));
+        part_marker = parts.next_part_number_marker().map(str::to_owned);
+        if part_number == 1 {
+            assert_eq!(part_marker.as_deref(), Some("1"), "the next request continues after the first part");
+        }
+    }
+    assert_eq!(
+        env.source.requests().len(),
+        source_requests,
+        "local part reads must not consult the source"
+    );
     Ok(())
 }
 

crates/e2e_test/src/on_demand_migration/interaction_test.rs

@@ -22,17 +22,21 @@
 //! local object and what the source was asked for.
 
 use super::common::{
-    AdminResponse, BoxError, OdmEnvOptions, OdmSourceSpec, OdmTestEnv, SeedObject, start_configured_env,
-    start_configured_env_with,
+    ALLOW_LOOPBACK_SOURCE_ENV, AdminResponse, BackfillOp, BackfillRequest, BoxError, ODM_MODULE_SWITCH_ENV, ODM_SERVER_ENV,
+    OdmEnvOptions, OdmSourceSpec, OdmTestEnv, SeedObject, start_configured_env, start_configured_env_with, start_source_rustfs,
 };
 use crate::common::{RustFSTestEnvironment, replication_fast_env, signed_request};
 use crate::fake_s3_target::{BucketMode, FAKE_ACCESS_KEY, FAKE_SECRET_KEY, FakeS3Target, Operation};
 use crate::object_lock::common::put_object_lock_configuration;
+use crate::replication_extension_test::{
+    ReplicationTargetOptions, enable_bucket_versioning, set_replication_target_with_options,
+};
 use aws_sdk_s3::error::ProvideErrorMetadata;
 use aws_sdk_s3::types::{
     BucketVersioningStatus, Event, FilterRule, FilterRuleName, NotificationConfiguration, NotificationConfigurationFilter,
-    ObjectLockRetentionMode, QueueConfiguration, S3KeyFilter, ServerSideEncryption, ServerSideEncryptionByDefault,
-    ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration, ServerSideEncryptionRule, VersioningConfiguration,
+    ObjectAttributes, ObjectLockRetentionMode, QueueConfiguration, S3KeyFilter, ServerSideEncryption,
+    ServerSideEncryptionByDefault, ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration, ServerSideEncryptionRule, Tag, Tagging,
+    VersioningConfiguration,
 };
 use bytes::Bytes;
 use local_ip_address::local_ip;
@@ -580,6 +584,130 @@ async fn test_odm_pulled_object_replicates_and_target_as_source_is_rejected() ->
         "a bucket may not migrate from its own replication target: {}",
         rejected.body
     );
+    Box::pin(assert_odm_multipart_replicates_to_rustfs(&env, bucket)).await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn assert_odm_multipart_replicates_to_rustfs(env: &OdmTestEnv, bucket: &str) -> TestResult {
+    const PART_SIZE: usize = 5 * 1024 * 1024;
+    let replica = start_source_rustfs().await?;
+    let replica_bucket = "odm-real-replica";
+    replica.create_test_bucket(replica_bucket).await?;
+    enable_bucket_versioning(&replica, replica_bucket).await?;
+    let arn = set_replication_target_with_options(
+        &env.rustfs,
+        bucket,
+        ReplicationTargetOptions {
+            endpoint: &replica.address,
+            access_key: &replica.access_key,
+            secret_key: &replica.secret_key,
+            target_bucket: replica_bucket,
+            secure: false,
+            skip_tls_verify: false,
+            ca_cert_pem: None,
+        },
+    )
+    .await?;
+    put_bucket_replication(&env.rustfs, bucket, &arn).await?;
+    let mut spec = env.fake_source_spec(SOURCE_BUCKET);
+    // Below the 16 MiB inline default the pull is one tee'd PUT with a single
+    // part; force the passthrough + background multipart write-back instead.
+    spec.policy.inline_max_bytes = 4096;
+    spec.policy.multipart_part_size_bytes = PART_SIZE as u64;
+    spec.policy.preserve_etag = true;
+    env.configure_and_wait(bucket, &spec).await?;
+
+    let key = "replicated/preserved-md5-multipart.bin";
+    let body = payload(PART_SIZE + 4096);
+    let source_put = env
+        .source_client()
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(SOURCE_BUCKET)
+        .key(key)
+        .body(aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream::from(body.clone()))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let etag = source_put.e_tag().ok_or("source PUT omitted its ETag")?.trim_matches('"');
+    assert_eq!(etag.len(), 32, "the source must retain a single-PUT MD5 ETag");
+    assert!(etag.bytes().all(|byte| byte.is_ascii_hexdigit()));
+    let pulled = env.raw_get(bucket, key).await?;
+    assert_eq!(pulled.status, 200, "{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&pulled.body));
+    assert_eq!(pulled.body, body);
+    assert!(env.wait_local_listed(bucket, key, SETTLE).await?, "the multipart pull must persist");
+
+    let deadline = Instant::now() + SETTLE;
+    let source_head = loop {
+        let head = env.client.head_object().bucket(bucket).key(key).send().await?;
+        match head.replication_status().map(|status| status.as_str()) {
+            Some("COMPLETED") => break head,
+            Some("FAILED") => return Err("the ODM multipart copy failed replication to RustFS".into()),
+            _ => {
+                assert!(Instant::now() < deadline, "the ODM multipart copy never completed replication to RustFS");
+                tokio::time::sleep(Duration::from_millis(200)).await;
+            }
+        }
+    };
+    let version = source_head
+        .version_id()
+        .ok_or("the versioned ODM copy omitted its version id")?;
+    assert_ne!(version, "null");
+    let replica_client = replica.create_s3_client();
+    for (client, object_bucket) in [(&env.client, bucket), (&replica_client, replica_bucket)] {
+        let attributes = client
+            .get_object_attributes()
+            .bucket(object_bucket)
+            .key(key)
+            .version_id(version)
+            .object_attributes(ObjectAttributes::Etag)
+            .object_attributes(ObjectAttributes::ObjectParts)
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        assert_eq!(attributes.e_tag().map(|value| value.trim_matches('"')), Some(etag));
+        let parts = attributes
+            .object_parts()
+            .ok_or("the local copy and replica must both expose two parts")?;
+        assert_eq!(parts.total_parts_count(), Some(2));
+        assert_eq!(
+            parts
+                .parts()
+                .iter()
+                .map(|part| (part.part_number(), part.size()))
+                .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+            [(Some(1), Some(PART_SIZE as i64)), (Some(2), Some(4096))]
+        );
+    }
+    // REPLICA status surfaces on HEAD, like the other inbound-replica checks.
+    let replica_head = replica_client
+        .head_object()
+        .bucket(replica_bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .version_id(version)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(replica_head.replication_status().map(|status| status.as_str()), Some("REPLICA"));
+    let replica_get = replica_client
+        .get_object()
+        .bucket(replica_bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .version_id(version)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(replica_get.version_id(), Some(version));
+    assert_eq!(replica_get.body.collect().await?.into_bytes(), body);
+    let boundary = replica_client
+        .get_object()
+        .bucket(replica_bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .version_id(version)
+        .range(format!("bytes={}-{}", PART_SIZE - 32, PART_SIZE + 31))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(boundary.body.collect().await?.into_bytes(), body.slice(PART_SIZE - 32..PART_SIZE + 32));
+    assert_eq!(
+        env.source.count_requests(Operation::GetObject, key),
+        2,
+        "one passthrough GET plus one background pull; replication and local reads must not fetch the migration source again"
+    );
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -733,6 +861,242 @@ async fn test_odm_disable_keeps_pulled_objects_and_stops_source_traffic() -> Tes
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// The process switch preserves configured buckets and unfinished jobs while
+/// restoring local-only S3 behavior, including after an ordinary metadata write.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn test_odm_global_disable_preserves_data_config_and_backfill_across_restarts() -> TestResult {
+    let bucket = "odm-global-disable";
+    let mut env = start_configured_env(bucket, SOURCE_BUCKET, |spec| spec.policy.list_through = true).await?;
+    let pulled_key = "migrated/pulled.bin";
+    let remote_key = "remote/untouched.bin";
+    let pending_key = "backfill/pending.bin";
+    let local_key = "local/kept.bin";
+    let source_body = Bytes::from_static(b"source payload");
+    let local_body = Bytes::from_static(b"client payload");
+    env.seed_source(
+        SOURCE_BUCKET,
+        &[
+            SeedObject::new(pulled_key, source_body.clone()),
+            SeedObject::new(remote_key, source_body.clone()),
+            SeedObject::new(pending_key, source_body.clone()),
+        ],
+    );
+    env.client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(bucket)
+        .key(local_key)
+        .body(local_body.clone().into())
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let pulled = env.raw_get(bucket, pulled_key).await?;
+    assert_eq!(pulled.status, 200);
+    assert_eq!(pulled.header(ODM_RESPONSE_HEADER), Some("source"));
+    assert_eq!(pulled.body, source_body);
+    let stored = env.raw_get(bucket, pulled_key).await?;
+    assert_eq!(stored.status, 200);
+    assert_eq!(stored.header(ODM_RESPONSE_HEADER), None, "the inline pull has committed locally");
+    assert_eq!(stored.body, source_body);
+    let config = env.get_config(bucket).await?;
+    assert_eq!(config.status, 200, "{}", config.body);
+    let config = config.json()?;
+
+    // Hold every attempt until the process has exited, so retries cannot commit
+    // the only backfill object before the crash. The start checkpoint exists.
+    let mut pending_get = env.source.hold_get_object(SOURCE_BUCKET, pending_key);
+    let started = env
+        .start_backfill(
+            bucket,
+            BackfillRequest {
+                prefix: Some("backfill/".to_string()),
+                ..BackfillRequest::default()
+            },
+        )
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(started.status, 200, "{}", started.body);
+    let job_id = started.json()?["job"]["job_id"].as_str().ok_or("missing job ID")?.to_string();
+    tokio::time::timeout(Duration::from_secs(10), pending_get.wait_until_entered())
+        .await
+        .expect("backfill never reached the held source GET")?;
+    let process = env.rustfs.process.as_mut().ok_or("missing RustFS process before crash")?;
+    assert!(process.try_wait()?.is_none(), "RustFS exited before the controlled crash");
+    process.kill()?;
+    let stopped = process.wait()?;
+    assert!(!stopped.success(), "the interrupted process must exit after being killed");
+    drop(env.rustfs.process.take());
+    drop(pending_get);
+    env.source.take_requests();
+    env.rustfs
+        .restart_server_preserving_data(vec![], &[(ODM_MODULE_SWITCH_ENV, "false"), (ALLOW_LOOPBACK_SOURCE_ENV, "true")])
+        .await?;
+
+    let off_config = env.get_config(bucket).await?;
+    assert_eq!(off_config.status, 200, "{}", off_config.body);
+    assert_eq!(off_config.json()?, config, "the saved configuration and timestamp survive disabling");
+    let status = env.status_json(bucket).await?;
+    assert_eq!(status["configured"], true, "{status}");
+    assert_eq!(status["enabled"], true, "the bucket remains configured as enabled: {status}");
+    assert_eq!(status["module_enabled"], false, "{status}");
+    assert_eq!(status["counters"], Value::Null, "no bucket runtime is installed: {status}");
+    let checkpoint = env.backfill_job(bucket).await?.ok_or("disabled module lost the checkpoint")?;
+    assert_eq!(checkpoint["job_id"], job_id);
+    assert_eq!(checkpoint["state"], "running", "the interrupted job is retained: {checkpoint}");
+
+    for (key, body) in [(local_key, &local_body), (pulled_key, &source_body)] {
+        let get = env.raw_get(bucket, key).await?;
+        assert_eq!(get.status, 200);
+        assert_eq!(&get.body, body);
+        assert_eq!(get.header(ODM_RESPONSE_HEADER), None);
+        let head = env.client.head_object().bucket(bucket).key(key).send().await?;
+        assert_eq!(head.content_length(), Some(i64::try_from(body.len())?));
+    }
+    for key in [remote_key, pending_key] {
+        let get = env.raw_get(bucket, key).await?;
+        assert_eq!(get.status, 404, "disabled source GET {key}: {}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&get.body));
+        let head = env.client.head_object().bucket(bucket).key(key).send().await;
+        let err = head.expect_err("a source-only object must remain absent locally");
+        assert_eq!(err.raw_response().map(|response| response.status().as_u16()), Some(404));
+    }
+
+    let replacement = Bytes::from_static(b"written while the module is off");
+    for key in [local_key, "local/deleted.bin"] {
+        env.client
+            .put_object()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .key(key)
+            .body(replacement.clone().into())
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+    }
+    env.client
+        .delete_object()
+        .bucket(bucket)
+        .key("local/deleted.bin")
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(env.raw_get(bucket, "local/deleted.bin").await?.status, 404);
+    assert_eq!(env.raw_get(bucket, local_key).await?.body, replacement);
+
+    // Both wire protocols must finish their local pages even though the saved
+    // configuration still requests list-through.
+    for use_v2 in [false, true] {
+        let mut cursor = None;
+        let mut listed = Vec::new();
+        for page_number in 0..2 {
+            let (keys, truncated, next) = if use_v2 {
+                let page = env
+                    .client
+                    .list_objects_v2()
+                    .bucket(bucket)
+                    .max_keys(1)
+                    .set_continuation_token(cursor)
+                    .send()
+                    .await?;
+                (
+                    page.contents()
+                        .iter()
+                        .map(|object| object.key().expect("listed key").to_string())
+                        .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+                    page.is_truncated(),
+                    page.next_continuation_token().map(str::to_string),
+                )
+            } else {
+                let page = env
+                    .client
+                    .list_objects()
+                    .bucket(bucket)
+                    .max_keys(1)
+                    .set_marker(cursor)
+                    .send()
+                    .await?;
+                // V1 may omit NextMarker without a delimiter; clients then
+                // continue from the last returned key.
+                let next = page.next_marker().or_else(|| {
+                    if page.is_truncated() == Some(true) {
+                        page.contents().last().and_then(|object| object.key())
+                    } else {
+                        None
+                    }
+                });
+                (
+                    page.contents()
+                        .iter()
+                        .map(|object| object.key().expect("listed key").to_string())
+                        .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+                    page.is_truncated(),
+                    next.map(str::to_string),
+                )
+            };
+            assert_eq!(keys.len(), 1, "one local key per page, V2={use_v2}");
+            assert_eq!(truncated, Some(page_number == 0), "local pagination must terminate, V2={use_v2}");
+            if page_number == 0 {
+                assert!(next.as_ref().is_some_and(|value| !value.is_empty()), "missing local cursor, V2={use_v2}");
+            }
+            cursor = next;
+            listed.extend(keys);
+        }
+        assert_eq!(listed, [local_key, pulled_key], "source-only keys must stay absent, V2={use_v2}");
+    }
+
+    let spec = env.fake_source_spec(SOURCE_BUCKET);
+    for response in [
+        env.configure_source(bucket, &spec).await?,
+        env.validate_source(bucket, &spec).await?,
+        env.backfill(bucket, BackfillOp::Start(BackfillRequest::default())).await?,
+    ] {
+        assert_eq!(response.status, 400, "{}", response.body);
+        assert!(response.body.contains("OnDemandMigrationDisabled"), "{}", response.body);
+    }
+    let tagging = Tagging::builder()
+        .tag_set(Tag::builder().key("module").value("disabled").build()?)
+        .build()?;
+    env.client
+        .put_bucket_tagging()
+        .bucket(bucket)
+        .tagging(tagging.clone())
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(env.get_config(bucket).await?.json()?, config, "an unrelated metadata write preserves ODM");
+    assert_eq!(
+        env.backfill_job(bucket).await?,
+        Some(checkpoint),
+        "no recovery or checkpoint update while disabled"
+    );
+    assert!(
+        env.source.requests().is_empty(),
+        "disabled startup and all requests must leave the source untouched"
+    );
+
+    env.rustfs.restart_server_preserving_data(vec![], ODM_SERVER_ENV).await?;
+    env.wait_until_source_consulted(bucket).await?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        env.get_config(bucket).await?.json()?,
+        config,
+        "reenabling uses the persisted configuration"
+    );
+    let tags = env.client.get_bucket_tagging().bucket(bucket).send().await?;
+    assert_eq!(tags.tag_set(), tagging.tag_set(), "the ordinary metadata write also persists");
+    let resumed = env.raw_get(bucket, remote_key).await?;
+    assert_eq!(resumed.status, 200);
+    assert_eq!(resumed.header(ODM_RESPONSE_HEADER), Some("source"));
+    assert_eq!(resumed.body, source_body, "stored credentials still authenticate without reconfiguration");
+    let completed = env
+        .wait_for_backfill(bucket, SETTLE, |job| job["state"] == "completed")
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(completed["job_id"], job_id, "the interrupted job resumes without a new start");
+    assert_eq!(completed["failed"], 0, "{completed}");
+    for (key, body) in [
+        (local_key, &replacement),
+        (pulled_key, &source_body),
+        (pending_key, &source_body),
+    ] {
+        let get = env.raw_get(bucket, key).await?;
+        assert_eq!(get.status, 200);
+        assert_eq!(&get.body, body);
+        assert_eq!(get.header(ODM_RESPONSE_HEADER), None, "{key} remains stored locally");
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 /// Case 19: the admin surface an operator sees — the configuration read back
 /// without its secret, and a status document whose counters match the source
 /// journal exactly.

crates/e2e_test/src/replication_extension_test.rs

@@ -368,23 +368,23 @@ impl Drop for SlowReplicationTargetGuard {
 // Mirrors madmin-go `ResyncTargetsInfo`/`ResyncTarget` json tags — the same
 // shape `mc replicate resync status` decodes.
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, serde::Deserialize)]
-struct ReplicationResetStatusResponse {
+pub(crate) struct ReplicationResetStatusResponse {
     #[serde(rename = "target", default)]
-    targets: Vec<ReplicationResetStatusTarget>,
+    pub(crate) targets: Vec<ReplicationResetStatusTarget>,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, serde::Deserialize)]
-struct ReplicationResetStatusTarget {
+pub(crate) struct ReplicationResetStatusTarget {
     #[serde(rename = "arn", default)]
-    arn: String,
+    pub(crate) arn: String,
     #[serde(rename = "resetid", default)]
-    reset_id: String,
+    pub(crate) reset_id: String,
     #[serde(rename = "resyncStatus", default)]
-    status: String,
+    pub(crate) status: String,
     #[serde(rename = "replicationCount", default)]
-    replicated_count: i64,
+    pub(crate) replicated_count: i64,
     #[serde(rename = "object", default)]
-    object: String,
+    pub(crate) object: String,
 }
 
 fn extract_xml_tag(xml: &str, tag: &str) -> Option<String> {
@@ -512,7 +512,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn put_bucket_replication(
     put_bucket_replication_with_delete_statuses(env, bucket, target_arn, "Enabled", None).await
 }
 
-async fn put_bucket_replication_with_delete_statuses(
+pub(crate) async fn put_bucket_replication_with_delete_statuses(
     env: &RustFSTestEnvironment,
     bucket: &str,
     target_arn: &str,
@@ -627,7 +627,7 @@ async fn put_bucket_replication_rules(
     Ok(())
 }
 
-async fn delete_bucket_replication(
+pub(crate) async fn delete_bucket_replication(
     env: &RustFSTestEnvironment,
     bucket: &str,
 ) -> Result<reqwest::Response, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
@@ -2294,7 +2294,7 @@ async fn site_replication_state_edit(
 /// return the target `(arn, reset_id)`, asserting the response carries the
 /// madmin `ResyncTargetsInfo` shape (`target[0].arn` / `target[0].resetid`)
 /// that `mc replicate resync start` decodes.
-async fn start_bucket_replication_reset(
+pub(crate) async fn start_bucket_replication_reset(
     env: &RustFSTestEnvironment,
     bucket: &str,
 ) -> Result<(String, String), Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
@@ -2314,7 +2314,7 @@ async fn start_bucket_replication_reset(
     Ok((arn, reset_id))
 }
 
-async fn get_replication_reset_status(
+pub(crate) async fn get_replication_reset_status(
     env: &RustFSTestEnvironment,
     bucket: &str,
     arn: &str,
@@ -3837,6 +3837,244 @@ async fn test_bucket_replication_converges_delete_marker_and_version_purge() ->
     Ok(())
 }
 
+/// Regression for rustfs/backlog#2340 (not Wasabi specific): a directory
+/// marker (`prefix/` with a body) in a versioned bucket is stored as the null
+/// version, like MinIO (`putOpts`: "for directory objects skip creating new
+/// versions"), and must still replicate to completion instead of staying
+/// `PENDING`.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn test_bucket_replication_replicates_directory_marker_in_versioned_bucket() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+
+    let mut source_env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+    let mut source_env_vars = replication_fast_env();
+    source_env_vars.extend_from_slice(LOOPBACK_REPLICATION_TARGET_ENV);
+    source_env.start_rustfs_server_with_env(vec![], &source_env_vars).await?;
+
+    let mut target_env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+    target_env.start_rustfs_server_without_cleanup(vec![]).await?;
+
+    let source_bucket = "replication-dir-marker-src";
+    let target_bucket = "replication-dir-marker-dst";
+    let source_client = source_env.create_s3_client();
+    let target_client = target_env.create_s3_client();
+
+    source_client.create_bucket().bucket(source_bucket).send().await?;
+    target_client.create_bucket().bucket(target_bucket).send().await?;
+    enable_bucket_versioning(&source_env, source_bucket).await?;
+    enable_bucket_versioning(&target_env, target_bucket).await?;
+    let target_arn = set_replication_target(&source_env, source_bucket, &target_env, target_bucket).await?;
+    put_bucket_replication(&source_env, source_bucket, &target_arn).await?;
+
+    let marker_key = "dir/trailing/";
+    let body = b"directory marker body";
+    let put = source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(marker_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from_static(body))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert!(
+        put.version_id()
+            .is_none_or(|id| id == "null" || id == uuid::Uuid::nil().to_string()),
+        "a directory marker is the null version even in a versioned bucket: {:?}",
+        put.version_id()
+    );
+
+    wait_for_source_replication_status(&source_client, source_bucket, marker_key, "COMPLETED", false).await?;
+
+    let replica = target_client
+        .get_object()
+        .bucket(target_bucket)
+        .key(marker_key)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(replica.body.collect().await?.into_bytes().as_ref(), body);
+    let listed = target_client
+        .list_object_versions()
+        .bucket(target_bucket)
+        .prefix(marker_key)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let marker_versions: Vec<_> = listed.versions().iter().filter(|v| v.key() == Some(marker_key)).collect();
+    assert_eq!(marker_versions.len(), 1, "the marker must land exactly once: {marker_versions:?}");
+    assert_eq!(
+        marker_versions[0].version_id(),
+        Some("null"),
+        "the replica keeps the null version identity"
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Regression for rustfs/backlog#2340 (not Wasabi specific): permanently
+/// deleting a version whose payload lives in a data dir must leave the source
+/// clean once the purge replicates. Managed-SSE objects are never inlined and a
+/// plain object above the inline threshold takes the same layout. The version
+/// retained with a pending purge used to lose its data dir, so the purge state
+/// could never be applied (`VersionNotFound` on every retry) and the bucket
+/// stayed `BucketNotEmpty` while `ListObjectVersions` was already empty.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn test_bucket_replication_version_purge_of_non_inline_object_releases_source_bucket() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+
+    let (source_env, target_env, source_bucket, target_bucket) = build_sse_replication_pair("purge-datadir", true, true).await?;
+    let target_arn = wait_for_remote_target_arn(&source_env, &source_bucket).await?;
+    put_bucket_replication_with_delete_statuses(&source_env, &source_bucket, &target_arn, "Enabled", Some("Enabled")).await?;
+    let source_client = source_env.create_s3_client();
+    let target_client = target_env.create_s3_client();
+
+    let sse_key = "sse-object.bin";
+    let large_key = "large-object.bin";
+    let sse_put = source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&source_bucket)
+        .key(sse_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from_static(b"encrypted source payload"))
+        .server_side_encryption(ServerSideEncryption::Aes256)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let large_put = source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&source_bucket)
+        .key(large_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(vec![0x5a; 2 * 1024 * 1024]))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let purged = [
+        (sse_key, sse_put.version_id().ok_or("SSE PUT omitted version ID")?.to_string()),
+        (large_key, large_put.version_id().ok_or("large PUT omitted version ID")?.to_string()),
+    ];
+    assert_replication_converged(&source_client, &source_bucket, &target_client, &target_bucket).await?;
+
+    for (key, version_id) in &purged {
+        source_client
+            .delete_object()
+            .bucket(&source_bucket)
+            .key(*key)
+            .version_id(version_id)
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+    }
+    assert_replication_converged(&source_client, &source_bucket, &target_client, &target_bucket).await?;
+    let target_state = list_replication_state(&target_client, &target_bucket).await?;
+    assert!(target_state.is_empty(), "target retained an explicitly purged version: {target_state:?}");
+
+    // The purge state is applied on the source asynchronously after the target
+    // acknowledges the delete; only then does the retained version go away and
+    // the bucket become deletable. A listing that is empty while DeleteBucket
+    // keeps answering BucketNotEmpty is exactly the regression.
+    let deadline = tokio::time::Instant::now() + Duration::from_secs(60);
+    loop {
+        let listing = source_client.list_object_versions().bucket(&source_bucket).send().await?;
+        let listed = listing.versions().len() + listing.delete_markers().len();
+        match source_client.delete_bucket().bucket(&source_bucket).send().await {
+            Ok(_) => break,
+            Err(err) if err.code() == Some("BucketNotEmpty") => {
+                if tokio::time::Instant::now() >= deadline {
+                    return Err(format!(
+                        "source bucket stayed BucketNotEmpty after the version purge replicated; \
+                         ListObjectVersions shows {listed} entries"
+                    )
+                    .into());
+                }
+                sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+            }
+            Err(err) => return Err(err.into()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Regression for rustfs/backlog#2340 (not Wasabi specific): a single-part
+/// object uploaded with `x-amz-checksum-*` must reach the target with the same
+/// checksum. The outbound options keyed the stored record by algorithm name,
+/// which the target client sent as `x-amz-meta-*` user metadata, so a replica
+/// never carried a checksum although the source HEAD returned one.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn test_bucket_replication_forwards_single_part_object_checksums() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+
+    let mut source_env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+    let mut source_env_vars = replication_fast_env();
+    source_env_vars.extend_from_slice(LOOPBACK_REPLICATION_TARGET_ENV);
+    source_env.start_rustfs_server_with_env(vec![], &source_env_vars).await?;
+
+    let mut target_env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+    target_env.start_rustfs_server_without_cleanup(vec![]).await?;
+
+    let source_bucket = "replication-checksum-src";
+    let target_bucket = "replication-checksum-dst";
+    let source_client = source_env.create_s3_client();
+    let target_client = target_env.create_s3_client();
+
+    source_client.create_bucket().bucket(source_bucket).send().await?;
+    target_client.create_bucket().bucket(target_bucket).send().await?;
+    enable_bucket_versioning(&source_env, source_bucket).await?;
+    enable_bucket_versioning(&target_env, target_bucket).await?;
+    let target_arn = set_replication_target(&source_env, source_bucket, &target_env, target_bucket).await?;
+    put_bucket_replication(&source_env, source_bucket, &target_arn).await?;
+
+    let body = b"123456789";
+    let crc32_key = "checksum-crc32.txt";
+    let sha256_key = "checksum-sha256.txt";
+    let crc32_put = source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(crc32_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from_static(body))
+        .checksum_algorithm(aws_sdk_s3::types::ChecksumAlgorithm::Crc32)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let expected_crc32 = crc32_put.checksum_crc32().ok_or("source PUT omitted CRC32")?.to_string();
+    let sha256_put = source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(sha256_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from_static(body))
+        .checksum_algorithm(aws_sdk_s3::types::ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha256)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let expected_sha256 = sha256_put.checksum_sha256().ok_or("source PUT omitted SHA256")?.to_string();
+
+    for key in [crc32_key, sha256_key] {
+        wait_for_source_replication_status(&source_client, source_bucket, key, "COMPLETED", false).await?;
+    }
+
+    let replica = target_client
+        .head_object()
+        .bucket(target_bucket)
+        .key(crc32_key)
+        .checksum_mode(aws_sdk_s3::types::ChecksumMode::Enabled)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(replica.checksum_crc32(), Some(expected_crc32.as_str()), "replica lost the CRC32 checksum");
+    let replica = target_client
+        .head_object()
+        .bucket(target_bucket)
+        .key(sha256_key)
+        .checksum_mode(aws_sdk_s3::types::ChecksumMode::Enabled)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        replica.checksum_sha256(),
+        Some(expected_sha256.as_str()),
+        "replica lost the SHA256 checksum"
+    );
+    // The bare algorithm name must not leak as user metadata either.
+    assert!(
+        replica
+            .metadata()
+            .is_none_or(|meta| !meta.keys().any(|k| k.eq_ignore_ascii_case("sha256"))),
+        "replica carries the checksum as user metadata: {:?}",
+        replica.metadata()
+    );
+
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn test_bucket_replication_disabled_delete_marker_does_not_propagate() -> TestResult {
     init_logging();
@@ -8817,9 +9055,11 @@ async fn test_replication_check_flags_multipart_only_version_minting_target() ->
             .is_some_and(|error| error.contains("CreateMultipartUpload")),
         "the failure must name the multipart path: {payload}"
     );
-    // The PutObject leg mirrored, so it is the multipart probe that failed.
+    // The PutObject leg mirrored, so it is the multipart probe that failed;
+    // the mutation phases address the id the PUT reported and still run.
     assert_eq!(target_report["Phases"]["Put"]["Status"], "OK", "{payload}");
-    assert_eq!(target_report["Phases"]["DeleteMarker"]["Status"], "SKIPPED", "{payload}");
+    assert_eq!(target_report["Phases"]["DeleteMarker"]["Status"], "OK", "{payload}");
+    assert_eq!(target_report["Phases"]["VersionDelete"]["Status"], "OK", "{payload}");
     assert_eq!(target_report["Phases"]["Cleanup"]["Status"], "OK", "{payload}");
 
     let probe_key = target
@@ -9007,6 +9247,9 @@ async fn test_replication_check_flags_version_minting_target() -> TestResult {
     let target_bucket = "version-fidelity-dst";
     target.create_bucket(target_bucket);
     target.assign_own_version_ids(true);
+    // Wasabi shape: the probe version the VersionDelete phase removed answers
+    // NoSuchVersion to cleanup's second DELETE, which must count as clean.
+    target.reject_unknown_version_deletes(true);
 
     let mut source_env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
     let mut env_vars = replication_fast_env();
@@ -9051,11 +9294,13 @@ async fn test_replication_check_flags_version_minting_target() -> TestResult {
         fidelity["Code"], "BucketRemoteTargetVersionMismatch",
         "the failure must carry a machine-readable code: {payload}"
     );
-    // The probe PUT itself succeeded (fidelity is judged from its response);
-    // the later mutation phases are pointless against a drifting target and
-    // must be skipped, but cleanup still runs.
+    // The probe PUT itself succeeded (fidelity is judged from its response).
+    // The mutation phases address the id the target assigned — the ledger
+    // the worker records per object (rustfs/backlog#2340) — so they run and
+    // pass on a drifting target, and cleanup uses the same id.
     assert_eq!(target_report["Phases"]["Put"]["Status"], "OK", "{payload}");
-    assert_eq!(target_report["Phases"]["DeleteMarker"]["Status"], "SKIPPED", "{payload}");
+    assert_eq!(target_report["Phases"]["DeleteMarker"]["Status"], "OK", "{payload}");
+    assert_eq!(target_report["Phases"]["VersionDelete"]["Status"], "OK", "{payload}");
     assert_eq!(target_report["Phases"]["Cleanup"]["Status"], "OK", "{payload}");
 
     // The probe PUT must carry the source version as `?versionId=` — the
@@ -9945,3 +10190,199 @@ async fn test_get_object_tagging_proxies_unreplicated_object_to_replication_targ
     target.shutdown().await;
     Ok(())
 }
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// backlog#2363
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+/// Wait until the source reports a terminal replication status for `key`.
+async fn wait_terminal_replication_status(
+    client: &Client,
+    bucket: &str,
+    key: &str,
+    ssec: bool,
+    timeout: Duration,
+) -> Result<String, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
+    let customer_key = BASE64_STANDARD.encode_to_string(REPL17_SSEC_KEY);
+    let customer_key_md5 = sse_customer_key_md5_base64(REPL17_SSEC_KEY);
+    let deadline = tokio::time::Instant::now() + timeout;
+    loop {
+        let request = client.head_object().bucket(bucket).key(key);
+        let head = if ssec {
+            request
+                .sse_customer_algorithm("AES256")
+                .sse_customer_key(&customer_key)
+                .sse_customer_key_md5(&customer_key_md5)
+                .send()
+                .await?
+        } else {
+            request.send().await?
+        };
+        let status = head.replication_status().map(|status| status.as_str().to_string());
+        if matches!(status.as_deref(), Some("COMPLETED") | Some("FAILED")) {
+            return Ok(status.unwrap_or_default());
+        }
+        if tokio::time::Instant::now() >= deadline {
+            return Err(format!("{bucket}/{key}: replication never reached a terminal status; last {status:?}").into());
+        }
+        sleep(Duration::from_millis(250)).await;
+    }
+}
+
+/// backlog#2363: SSE-C ciphertext passthrough of objects the source stored
+/// compressed. The replica on a RustFS target must decrypt to the original
+/// bytes for a single PUT and for a multipart upload.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn test_bucket_replication_sse_c_compressed_passthrough() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    const PART_SIZE: usize = 5 * 1024 * 1024;
+
+    let mut source_env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+    let mut target_env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+    let mut source_process_env = replication_fast_env();
+    source_process_env.extend_from_slice(LOOPBACK_REPLICATION_TARGET_ENV);
+    source_process_env.extend_from_slice(FAST_SCANNER_ENV);
+    source_process_env.extend_from_slice(&[
+        ("NO_PROXY", "127.0.0.1,localhost"),
+        ("HTTP_PROXY", ""),
+        ("HTTPS_PROXY", ""),
+        ("RUSTFS_COMPRESSION_ENABLED", "true"),
+        ("RUSTFS_COMPRESSION_MULTIPART_ENABLED", "true"),
+    ]);
+    source_env.start_rustfs_server_with_env(vec![], &source_process_env).await?;
+    target_env
+        .start_rustfs_server_without_cleanup_with_env(&[
+            ("NO_PROXY", "127.0.0.1,localhost"),
+            ("HTTP_PROXY", ""),
+            ("HTTPS_PROXY", ""),
+        ])
+        .await?;
+
+    let source_bucket = "ssec-compressed-src";
+    let target_bucket = "ssec-compressed-dst";
+    let source_client = source_env.create_s3_client();
+    let target_client = target_env.create_s3_client();
+    source_client.create_bucket().bucket(source_bucket).send().await?;
+    target_client.create_bucket().bucket(target_bucket).send().await?;
+    enable_bucket_versioning(&source_env, source_bucket).await?;
+    enable_bucket_versioning(&target_env, target_bucket).await?;
+    let target_arn = set_replication_target(&source_env, source_bucket, &target_env, target_bucket).await?;
+    put_bucket_replication(&source_env, source_bucket, &target_arn).await?;
+
+    let customer_key = BASE64_STANDARD.encode_to_string(REPL17_SSEC_KEY);
+    let customer_key_md5 = sse_customer_key_md5_base64(REPL17_SSEC_KEY);
+    let text = |len: usize, seed: u32| -> Vec<u8> {
+        let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(len + 64);
+        let mut line = 0u64;
+        while out.len() < len {
+            out.extend_from_slice(format!("ssec compressed passthrough seed={seed} line={line} lorem ipsum dolor\n").as_bytes());
+            line += 1;
+        }
+        out.truncate(len);
+        out
+    };
+
+    let single_key = "ssec-compressed-single.txt";
+    let single_body = text(1024 * 1024 + 17, 1);
+    source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(single_key)
+        .content_type("text/plain")
+        .body(ByteStream::from(single_body.clone()))
+        .sse_customer_algorithm("AES256")
+        .sse_customer_key(&customer_key)
+        .sse_customer_key_md5(&customer_key_md5)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+
+    let multipart_key = "ssec-compressed-multipart.txt";
+    let multipart_parts = [text(PART_SIZE, 2), text(1024 * 1024 + 4096, 3)];
+    let multipart_body: Vec<u8> = multipart_parts.concat();
+    let created = source_client
+        .create_multipart_upload()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(multipart_key)
+        .content_type("text/plain")
+        .sse_customer_algorithm("AES256")
+        .sse_customer_key(&customer_key)
+        .sse_customer_key_md5(&customer_key_md5)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let upload_id = created.upload_id().ok_or("missing multipart upload id")?.to_string();
+    let mut completed = Vec::new();
+    for (index, part) in multipart_parts.iter().enumerate() {
+        let part_number = i32::try_from(index + 1)?;
+        let uploaded = source_client
+            .upload_part()
+            .bucket(source_bucket)
+            .key(multipart_key)
+            .upload_id(&upload_id)
+            .part_number(part_number)
+            .body(ByteStream::from(part.clone()))
+            .sse_customer_algorithm("AES256")
+            .sse_customer_key(&customer_key)
+            .sse_customer_key_md5(&customer_key_md5)
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        completed.push(
+            CompletedPart::builder()
+                .part_number(part_number)
+                .set_e_tag(uploaded.e_tag().map(str::to_string))
+                .build(),
+        );
+    }
+    source_client
+        .complete_multipart_upload()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(multipart_key)
+        .upload_id(&upload_id)
+        .multipart_upload(CompletedMultipartUpload::builder().set_parts(Some(completed)).build())
+        .sse_customer_algorithm("AES256")
+        .sse_customer_key(&customer_key)
+        .sse_customer_key_md5(&customer_key_md5)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+
+    let mut failures = Vec::new();
+    for (key, body) in [(single_key, &single_body), (multipart_key, &multipart_body)] {
+        let status = wait_terminal_replication_status(&source_client, source_bucket, key, true, Duration::from_secs(120)).await?;
+        if status != "COMPLETED" {
+            failures.push(format!("{key}: source reports {status}"));
+            continue;
+        }
+        let replica = target_client
+            .get_object()
+            .bucket(target_bucket)
+            .key(key)
+            .sse_customer_algorithm("AES256")
+            .sse_customer_key(&customer_key)
+            .sse_customer_key_md5(&customer_key_md5)
+            .send()
+            .await;
+        match replica {
+            Ok(replica) => {
+                let content_length = replica.content_length();
+                match replica.body.collect().await {
+                    Ok(collected) => {
+                        let bytes = collected.into_bytes();
+                        if bytes.as_ref() != body.as_slice() {
+                            failures.push(format!(
+                                "{key}: replica bytes differ (content_length={content_length:?}, got {} bytes, want {})",
+                                bytes.len(),
+                                body.len()
+                            ));
+                        }
+                    }
+                    Err(err) => failures.push(format!("{key}: replica body read failed: {err}")),
+                }
+            }
+            Err(err) => failures.push(format!("{key}: replica GET failed: {err}")),
+        }
+    }
+    assert!(
+        failures.is_empty(),
+        "SSE-C compressed passthrough replicas must decrypt to the source bytes: {failures:?}"
+    );
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/e2e_test/src/replication_target_matrix_test.rs

@@ -31,17 +31,22 @@
 //! Adding a target behavior the fleet has shown: add the mode to the fake
 //! target, add a row here, and record any cell that is red before the fix.
 
-use crate::common::{RustFSTestEnvironment, init_logging, replication_fast_env};
-use crate::fake_s3_target::{FAKE_ACCESS_KEY, FAKE_SECRET_KEY};
-use crate::fake_s3_target::{FakeS3Target, Operation as FakeTargetOperation, RequestRecord};
-use crate::on_demand_migration::common::fake_source_client;
+use crate::common::{init_logging, replication_fast_env};
+use crate::fake_s3_target::{BucketMode, FAKE_ACCESS_KEY, FAKE_SECRET_KEY};
+use crate::fake_s3_target::{FakeS3Target, FaultAction as FakeTargetFault, Operation as FakeTargetOperation, RequestRecord};
+use crate::on_demand_migration::common::{OdmEnvOptions, OdmTestEnv, fake_source_client};
 use crate::replication_extension_test::{
-    LOOPBACK_REPLICATION_TARGET_ENV, ReplicationTargetOptions, enable_bucket_versioning, put_bucket_replication,
-    set_replication_target_with_options,
+    LOOPBACK_REPLICATION_TARGET_ENV, ReplicationTargetOptions, delete_bucket_replication, enable_bucket_versioning,
+    get_replication_reset_status, put_bucket_replication, put_bucket_replication_with_delete_statuses,
+    set_replication_target_with_options, start_bucket_replication_reset,
 };
 use aws_sdk_s3::Client;
+use aws_sdk_s3::error::ProvideErrorMetadata;
 use aws_sdk_s3::primitives::{ByteStream, DateTime};
-use aws_sdk_s3::types::{CompletedMultipartUpload, CompletedPart, ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus, ObjectLockMode};
+use aws_sdk_s3::types::{
+    Checksum, ChecksumAlgorithm, CompletedMultipartUpload, CompletedPart, ObjectAttributes, ObjectLockLegalHold,
+    ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus, ObjectLockMode, ObjectLockRetention, ObjectLockRetentionMode, Tag, Tagging,
+};
 use bytes::Bytes;
 use std::error::Error;
 use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
@@ -63,7 +68,10 @@ enum TargetMode {
     /// Object Lock parameters must carry `Content-MD5` or `x-amz-checksum-*`.
     RequireChecksumWithObjectLock,
     /// AWS S3 / Wasabi / Impossible Cloud: mints its own version ids
-    /// (rustfs/backlog#2085). Data must still land.
+    /// (rustfs/backlog#2085) and, like Wasabi, answers NoSuchVersion to a
+    /// DELETE of an id it never had (rustfs/backlog#2340). Data must still
+    /// land, and every version-addressed mutation must resolve the replica
+    /// through the target-version ledger.
     MintOwnVersionIds,
 }
 
@@ -80,7 +88,10 @@ impl TargetMode {
             TargetMode::Baseline => {}
             TargetMode::RejectAwsChunked => target.reject_aws_chunked_uploads(true),
             TargetMode::RequireChecksumWithObjectLock => target.require_checksum_for_object_lock(true),
-            TargetMode::MintOwnVersionIds => target.assign_own_version_ids(true),
+            TargetMode::MintOwnVersionIds => {
+                target.assign_own_version_ids(true);
+                target.reject_unknown_version_deletes(true);
+            }
         }
     }
 
@@ -110,16 +121,23 @@ enum ObjectShape {
     /// Two-part multipart upload with a GOVERNANCE retention period; the
     /// lock headers travel on CreateMultipartUpload, which has no body.
     LockedMultipart,
+    /// ODM stores two local parts while preserving a single-PUT source's MD5 ETag.
+    OdmPreservedMd5Multipart,
+    /// Single-part object uploaded with `x-amz-checksum-sha256`; the replica
+    /// must carry the same header (rustfs/backlog#2340).
+    Checksummed,
 }
 
 impl ObjectShape {
-    const ALL: [ObjectShape; 6] = [
+    const ALL: [ObjectShape; 8] = [
         ObjectShape::Empty,
         ObjectShape::Plain,
         ObjectShape::Retention,
         ObjectShape::LegalHold,
         ObjectShape::Multipart,
         ObjectShape::LockedMultipart,
+        ObjectShape::OdmPreservedMd5Multipart,
+        ObjectShape::Checksummed,
     ];
 
     fn key(self) -> &'static str {
@@ -130,6 +148,17 @@ impl ObjectShape {
             ObjectShape::LegalHold => "matrix/legal-hold.bin",
             ObjectShape::Multipart => "matrix/multipart.bin",
             ObjectShape::LockedMultipart => "matrix/locked-multipart.bin",
+            ObjectShape::OdmPreservedMd5Multipart => "matrix/odm-preserved-md5.bin",
+            ObjectShape::Checksummed => "matrix/checksummed.bin",
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The `x-amz-checksum-*` header the source stored and every upload of
+    /// the replica must repeat.
+    fn forwarded_checksum_header(self) -> Option<&'static str> {
+        match self {
+            ObjectShape::Checksummed => Some("x-amz-checksum-sha256"),
+            _ => None,
         }
     }
 
@@ -139,7 +168,8 @@ impl ObjectShape {
 
     /// Upload the shape to the source and return the bytes the target must
     /// end up holding.
-    async fn put(self, client: &Client, bucket: &str) -> Result<Bytes, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
+    async fn put(self, env: &OdmTestEnv, bucket: &str) -> Result<Bytes, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
+        let client = &env.client;
         let key = self.key();
         match self {
             ObjectShape::Empty => {
@@ -190,6 +220,19 @@ impl ObjectShape {
             }
             ObjectShape::Multipart => multipart_put(client, bucket, key, 0x44, false).await,
             ObjectShape::LockedMultipart => multipart_put(client, bucket, key, 0x55, true).await,
+            ObjectShape::OdmPreservedMd5Multipart => odm_preserved_md5_multipart(env, bucket, key).await,
+            ObjectShape::Checksummed => {
+                let body = payload(40 * 1024, 0x66);
+                client
+                    .put_object()
+                    .bucket(bucket)
+                    .key(key)
+                    .body(ByteStream::from(body.clone()))
+                    .checksum_algorithm(ChecksumAlgorithm::Sha256)
+                    .send()
+                    .await?;
+                Ok(body)
+            }
         }
     }
 }
@@ -219,6 +262,595 @@ fn expectation(mode: TargetMode, shape: ObjectShape) -> Expectation {
         .unwrap_or(Expectation::Completed)
 }
 
+/// rustfs/backlog#2340: a target that mints its own version ids (Wasabi,
+/// AWS S3) answers 404 to a HEAD by the source uuid, which the worker used to
+/// read as "replica missing" and re-drive the PUT — one more target version
+/// per heal, MRF retry or resync. Two re-drive shapes, both must converge on
+/// the single version the first PUT created:
+/// - the first PUT lands but its response is lost, so the object is FAILED
+///   and the scanner heal pass re-drives it;
+/// - an existing-object resync re-drives a COMPLETED object unconditionally.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn matrix_mint_own_version_ids_redrive_does_not_duplicate() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+
+    let target = FakeS3Target::start().await?;
+    let target_bucket = "matrix-mint-own-redrive-dst".to_string();
+    target.create_bucket_with_object_lock(target_bucket.clone());
+    target.assign_own_version_ids(true);
+
+    let mut env_vars = replication_fast_env();
+    env_vars.extend_from_slice(LOOPBACK_REPLICATION_TARGET_ENV);
+    env_vars.extend_from_slice(&[
+        ("NO_PROXY", "127.0.0.1,localhost"),
+        ("HTTP_PROXY", ""),
+        ("HTTPS_PROXY", ""),
+        // The scanner heal pass is what re-drives a FAILED object.
+        ("RUSTFS_SCANNER_CYCLE", "1"),
+        ("RUSTFS_SCANNER_START_DELAY_SECS", "1"),
+    ]);
+    let env = OdmTestEnv::start_with(OdmEnvOptions {
+        env: env_vars,
+        ..OdmEnvOptions::default()
+    })
+    .await?;
+    let source_env = &env.rustfs;
+
+    let source_bucket = "matrix-mint-own-redrive-src";
+    let source_client = source_env.create_s3_client();
+    source_client
+        .create_bucket()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .object_lock_enabled_for_bucket(true)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    enable_bucket_versioning(source_env, source_bucket).await?;
+    let target_arn = set_replication_target_with_options(
+        source_env,
+        source_bucket,
+        ReplicationTargetOptions {
+            endpoint: &target.address(),
+            access_key: FAKE_ACCESS_KEY,
+            secret_key: FAKE_SECRET_KEY,
+            target_bucket: &target_bucket,
+            secure: false,
+            skip_tls_verify: false,
+            ca_cert_pem: None,
+        },
+    )
+    .await?;
+    put_bucket_replication(source_env, source_bucket, &target_arn).await?;
+
+    // Teach the worker the target's identity contract with one ordinary
+    // write, exactly as production learns it (the PUT response carries the
+    // minted id).
+    let probe_key = "redrive/identity-probe.bin";
+    source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(probe_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(payload(4 * 1024, 0x01)))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        wait_for_terminal_replication_status(&source_client, source_bucket, probe_key).await?,
+        "COMPLETED"
+    );
+
+    // Shape 1: the PUT is stored, its response never arrives, heal re-drives.
+    let heal_key = "redrive/heal.bin";
+    target.inject_for_key(FakeTargetOperation::PutObject, heal_key, FakeTargetFault::DisconnectAfterResponse, 1);
+    source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(heal_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(payload(8 * 1024, 0x02)))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    wait_for_replication_status_and_single_version(&source_client, source_bucket, &target, &target_bucket, heal_key).await?;
+
+    // Shape 2: an existing-object resync re-drives a COMPLETED object.
+    let resync_key = "redrive/resync.bin";
+    source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(resync_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(payload(8 * 1024, 0x03)))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        wait_for_terminal_replication_status(&source_client, source_bucket, resync_key).await?,
+        "COMPLETED"
+    );
+    let (reset_arn, _reset_id) = start_bucket_replication_reset(source_env, source_bucket).await?;
+    assert_eq!(reset_arn, target_arn);
+    let resync = async {
+        loop {
+            let status = get_replication_reset_status(source_env, source_bucket, &target_arn).await?;
+            if let Some(entry) = status.targets.iter().find(|entry| entry.arn == target_arn)
+                && entry.status == "Completed"
+            {
+                return Ok::<_, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>>(entry.replicated_count);
+            }
+            sleep(Duration::from_millis(250)).await;
+        }
+    };
+    let replicated = timeout(Duration::from_secs(90), resync)
+        .await
+        .map_err(|_| "existing-object resync did not complete within 90 seconds")??;
+    assert!(replicated >= 3, "resync must count the located replicas as replicated, got {replicated}");
+    for key in [probe_key, heal_key, resync_key] {
+        let versions = target.stored_versions(&target_bucket, key);
+        assert_eq!(
+            versions.len(),
+            1,
+            "{key}: a re-drive against a target that mints its own version ids must not mint another one: {versions:?}"
+        );
+    }
+
+    target.shutdown().await;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// rustfs/backlog#2340 (target-version ledger): on a target that mints its own
+/// version ids and answers NoSuchVersion to an unknown id (the Wasabi shape),
+/// every version-addressed mutation must land on the version the target
+/// assigned, which the replication PUT recorded on the source:
+/// - a tag update changes the existing target version, no new version;
+/// - a retention extension and legal hold ON/OFF change that version too;
+/// - a permanent delete of the older of two same-content generations removes
+///   exactly that replica and keeps the live one (content identity alone
+///   could not tell them apart).
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn matrix_mint_own_version_ids_addresses_mutations_through_the_ledger() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+
+    let target = FakeS3Target::start().await?;
+    let target_bucket = "matrix-mint-own-ledger-dst".to_string();
+    target.create_bucket_with_object_lock(target_bucket.clone());
+    TargetMode::MintOwnVersionIds.apply(&target);
+
+    let mut env_vars = replication_fast_env();
+    env_vars.extend_from_slice(LOOPBACK_REPLICATION_TARGET_ENV);
+    env_vars.extend_from_slice(&[
+        ("NO_PROXY", "127.0.0.1,localhost"),
+        ("HTTP_PROXY", ""),
+        ("HTTPS_PROXY", ""),
+        // The scanner heal pass retries a purge the first attempt lost.
+        ("RUSTFS_SCANNER_CYCLE", "1"),
+        ("RUSTFS_SCANNER_START_DELAY_SECS", "1"),
+    ]);
+    let env = OdmTestEnv::start_with(OdmEnvOptions {
+        env: env_vars,
+        ..OdmEnvOptions::default()
+    })
+    .await?;
+    let source_env = &env.rustfs;
+
+    let source_bucket = "matrix-mint-own-ledger-src";
+    let source_client = source_env.create_s3_client();
+    source_client
+        .create_bucket()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .object_lock_enabled_for_bucket(true)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    enable_bucket_versioning(source_env, source_bucket).await?;
+    let target_arn = set_replication_target_with_options(
+        source_env,
+        source_bucket,
+        ReplicationTargetOptions {
+            endpoint: &target.address(),
+            access_key: FAKE_ACCESS_KEY,
+            secret_key: FAKE_SECRET_KEY,
+            target_bucket: &target_bucket,
+            secure: false,
+            skip_tls_verify: false,
+            ca_cert_pem: None,
+        },
+    )
+    .await?;
+    put_bucket_replication_with_delete_statuses(source_env, source_bucket, &target_arn, "Enabled", Some("Enabled")).await?;
+    let target_client = fake_source_client(&target);
+
+    // Tag update on an existing version.
+    let tag_key = "ledger/tags.bin";
+    let tagged = source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(tag_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(payload(4 * 1024, 0x01)))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let tag_source_version = tagged.version_id().ok_or("source PUT returned no version id")?.to_string();
+    assert_eq!(
+        wait_for_terminal_replication_status(&source_client, source_bucket, tag_key).await?,
+        "COMPLETED"
+    );
+    let tag_target_version = single_target_version(&target, &target_bucket, tag_key)?;
+    source_client
+        .put_object_tagging()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(tag_key)
+        .version_id(&tag_source_version)
+        .tagging(
+            Tagging::builder()
+                .tag_set(Tag::builder().key("phase").value("after").build()?)
+                .build()?,
+        )
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    wait_until("tag update on the existing target version", || async {
+        let tags = target_client
+            .get_object_tagging()
+            .bucket(&target_bucket)
+            .key(tag_key)
+            .version_id(&tag_target_version)
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        Ok(tags
+            .tag_set()
+            .iter()
+            .any(|tag| tag.key() == "phase" && tag.value() == "after"))
+    })
+    .await?;
+    assert_stable_single_version(&target, &target_bucket, tag_key, &tag_target_version).await?;
+
+    // Retention extension and legal hold on an existing version.
+    let lock_key = "ledger/lock.bin";
+    let locked = source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(lock_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(payload(4 * 1024, 0x02)))
+        .object_lock_mode(ObjectLockMode::Governance)
+        .object_lock_retain_until_date(retain_until())
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let lock_source_version = locked.version_id().ok_or("source PUT returned no version id")?.to_string();
+    assert_eq!(
+        wait_for_terminal_replication_status(&source_client, source_bucket, lock_key).await?,
+        "COMPLETED"
+    );
+    let lock_target_version = single_target_version(&target, &target_bucket, lock_key)?;
+    let extended = DateTime::from_secs(retain_until().secs() + 86_400);
+    source_client
+        .put_object_retention()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(lock_key)
+        .version_id(&lock_source_version)
+        .retention(
+            ObjectLockRetention::builder()
+                .mode(ObjectLockRetentionMode::Governance)
+                .retain_until_date(extended)
+                .build(),
+        )
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    source_client
+        .put_object_legal_hold()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(lock_key)
+        .version_id(&lock_source_version)
+        .legal_hold(ObjectLockLegalHold::builder().status(ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus::On).build())
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    wait_until("retention extension and legal hold on the existing target version", || async {
+        let head = target_client
+            .head_object()
+            .bucket(&target_bucket)
+            .key(lock_key)
+            .version_id(&lock_target_version)
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        Ok(head.object_lock_retain_until_date().map(|date| date.secs()) == Some(extended.secs())
+            && head.object_lock_legal_hold_status() == Some(&ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus::On))
+    })
+    .await?;
+    source_client
+        .put_object_legal_hold()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(lock_key)
+        .version_id(&lock_source_version)
+        .legal_hold(ObjectLockLegalHold::builder().status(ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus::Off).build())
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    wait_until("legal hold removal on the existing target version", || async {
+        let head = target_client
+            .head_object()
+            .bucket(&target_bucket)
+            .key(lock_key)
+            .version_id(&lock_target_version)
+            .send()
+            .await?;
+        Ok(head.object_lock_legal_hold_status() == Some(&ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus::Off))
+    })
+    .await?;
+    assert_stable_single_version(&target, &target_bucket, lock_key, &lock_target_version).await?;
+
+    // Permanent delete of the older of two same-content generations.
+    let generations_key = "ledger/generations.bin";
+    let body = payload(4 * 1024, 0x03);
+    let older = source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(generations_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(body.clone()))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let older_version = older.version_id().ok_or("source PUT returned no version id")?.to_string();
+    assert_eq!(
+        wait_for_terminal_replication_status(&source_client, source_bucket, generations_key).await?,
+        "COMPLETED"
+    );
+    let older_replica = single_target_version(&target, &target_bucket, generations_key)?;
+    source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(generations_key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(body))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        wait_for_terminal_replication_status(&source_client, source_bucket, generations_key).await?,
+        "COMPLETED"
+    );
+    wait_until("both generations replicated", || async {
+        Ok(target.stored_versions(&target_bucket, generations_key).len() == 2)
+    })
+    .await?;
+    let newer_replica = target
+        .stored_versions(&target_bucket, generations_key)
+        .into_iter()
+        .map(|(version_id, _)| version_id)
+        .find(|version_id| version_id != &older_replica)
+        .ok_or("the second generation must have its own target version")?;
+
+    source_client
+        .delete_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(generations_key)
+        .version_id(&older_version)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    wait_until("permanent delete of the older generation's replica", || async {
+        let versions: Vec<String> = target
+            .stored_versions(&target_bucket, generations_key)
+            .into_iter()
+            .map(|(version_id, _)| version_id)
+            .collect();
+        Ok(versions == [newer_replica.clone()])
+    })
+    .await?;
+    assert_stable_single_version(&target, &target_bucket, generations_key, &newer_replica).await?;
+
+    // No mutation above may have gone out as a re-PUT: one upload per key.
+    for key in [tag_key, lock_key] {
+        let puts = target
+            .requests()
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|record| record.key.as_deref() == Some(key) && record.operation == FakeTargetOperation::PutObject)
+            .count();
+        assert_eq!(
+            puts, 1,
+            "{key}: a metadata update must not re-PUT the object on a target that mints its own ids"
+        );
+    }
+
+    target.shutdown().await;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// rustfs/backlog#2340 (pending purge lifecycle): a permanent delete whose
+/// replication keeps failing leaves the version in xl.meta as a PENDING purge,
+/// hidden from listings. Once the bucket's replication configuration is
+/// removed nothing can ever confirm that purge remotely, so the delete worker
+/// must settle it locally (abandoned, with the replica left on the former
+/// target) — otherwise the bucket stays `BucketNotEmpty` forever with a
+/// residue the client cannot see.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn matrix_removed_replication_config_abandons_pending_purge() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+
+    let target = FakeS3Target::start().await?;
+    let target_bucket = "matrix-abandoned-purge-dst".to_string();
+    target.create_bucket_with_object_lock(target_bucket.clone());
+    TargetMode::MintOwnVersionIds.apply(&target);
+
+    let mut env_vars = replication_fast_env();
+    env_vars.extend_from_slice(LOOPBACK_REPLICATION_TARGET_ENV);
+    env_vars.extend_from_slice(&[
+        ("NO_PROXY", "127.0.0.1,localhost"),
+        ("HTTP_PROXY", ""),
+        ("HTTPS_PROXY", ""),
+        // The scanner heal pass is what revisits a pending purge.
+        ("RUSTFS_SCANNER_CYCLE", "1"),
+        ("RUSTFS_SCANNER_START_DELAY_SECS", "1"),
+    ]);
+    let env = OdmTestEnv::start_with(OdmEnvOptions {
+        env: env_vars,
+        ..OdmEnvOptions::default()
+    })
+    .await?;
+    let source_env = &env.rustfs;
+
+    let source_bucket = "matrix-abandoned-purge-src";
+    let source_client = source_env.create_s3_client();
+    source_client
+        .create_bucket()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .object_lock_enabled_for_bucket(true)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    enable_bucket_versioning(source_env, source_bucket).await?;
+    let target_arn = set_replication_target_with_options(
+        source_env,
+        source_bucket,
+        ReplicationTargetOptions {
+            endpoint: &target.address(),
+            access_key: FAKE_ACCESS_KEY,
+            secret_key: FAKE_SECRET_KEY,
+            target_bucket: &target_bucket,
+            secure: false,
+            skip_tls_verify: false,
+            ca_cert_pem: None,
+        },
+    )
+    .await?;
+    put_bucket_replication_with_delete_statuses(source_env, source_bucket, &target_arn, "Enabled", Some("Enabled")).await?;
+
+    let key = "purge/orphaned.bin";
+    let put = source_client
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(payload(4 * 1024, 0x07)))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let source_version = put.version_id().ok_or("source PUT returned no version id")?.to_string();
+    assert_eq!(
+        wait_for_terminal_replication_status(&source_client, source_bucket, key).await?,
+        "COMPLETED"
+    );
+    let replica = single_target_version(&target, &target_bucket, key)?;
+
+    // The target refuses every purge: the version stays a pending purge.
+    // More refusals than any scanner cycle can consume within the test.
+    target.inject_for_key(FakeTargetOperation::DeleteObject, key, FakeTargetFault::ResponseStatus(503), 4_000);
+    source_client
+        .delete_object()
+        .bucket(source_bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .version_id(&source_version)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    wait_until("the refused purge to reach the target at least once", || async {
+        Ok(target.count_requests(FakeTargetOperation::DeleteObject, key) >= 1)
+    })
+    .await?;
+    let listed = source_client.list_object_versions().bucket(source_bucket).send().await?;
+    assert!(
+        listed.versions().is_empty() && listed.delete_markers().is_empty(),
+        "a pending purge is hidden from listings: {listed:?}"
+    );
+    let blocked = source_client.delete_bucket().bucket(source_bucket).send().await;
+    assert!(
+        blocked
+            .as_ref()
+            .err()
+            .and_then(|err| err.as_service_error())
+            .is_some_and(|err| err.code() == Some("BucketNotEmpty")),
+        "the hidden pending purge must block DeleteBucket while the target is still configured: {blocked:?}"
+    );
+
+    // Removing the replication configuration orphans the purge; the scanner
+    // heal pass must settle it locally so the bucket becomes deletable.
+    let response = delete_bucket_replication(source_env, source_bucket).await?;
+    assert!(response.status().is_success(), "DeleteBucketReplication: {}", response.status());
+    wait_until("DeleteBucket to succeed once the orphaned purge is abandoned", || async {
+        match source_client.delete_bucket().bucket(source_bucket).send().await {
+            Ok(_) => Ok(true),
+            Err(err) if err.as_service_error().is_some_and(|err| err.code() == Some("BucketNotEmpty")) => Ok(false),
+            Err(err) => Err(err.into()),
+        }
+    })
+    .await?;
+    // Abandoned means abandoned: the replica stays on the former target and,
+    // once the attempts in flight at removal time have drained, no further
+    // purge attempts are sent to it.
+    assert_eq!(
+        single_target_version(&target, &target_bucket, key)?,
+        replica,
+        "an abandoned purge must not touch the replica on the former target"
+    );
+    sleep(Duration::from_secs(3)).await;
+    let settled = target.count_requests(FakeTargetOperation::DeleteObject, key);
+    sleep(Duration::from_secs(3)).await;
+    assert_eq!(
+        target.count_requests(FakeTargetOperation::DeleteObject, key),
+        settled,
+        "purge attempts must stop once the target is no longer configured"
+    );
+
+    target.shutdown().await;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn single_target_version(target: &FakeS3Target, target_bucket: &str, key: &str) -> Result<String, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
+    let versions = target.stored_versions(target_bucket, key);
+    match versions.as_slice() {
+        [(version_id, false)] => Ok(version_id.clone()),
+        other => Err(format!("{key}: expected exactly one live target version, got {other:?}").into()),
+    }
+}
+
+/// The target keeps holding exactly `version_id` for a few scanner cycles: a
+/// re-driven PUT or a wrong delete would show up here.
+async fn assert_stable_single_version(target: &FakeS3Target, target_bucket: &str, key: &str, version_id: &str) -> TestResult {
+    for _ in 0..8 {
+        let versions = target.stored_versions(target_bucket, key);
+        if versions.len() != 1 || versions[0].0 != version_id {
+            return Err(
+                format!("{key}: target versions drifted from the single expected replica {version_id}: {versions:?}").into(),
+            );
+        }
+        sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn wait_until<F, Fut>(what: &str, mut probe: F) -> TestResult
+where
+    F: FnMut() -> Fut,
+    Fut: std::future::Future<Output = Result<bool, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>>>,
+{
+    let wait = async {
+        loop {
+            if probe().await? {
+                return Ok::<_, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>>(());
+            }
+            sleep(Duration::from_millis(250)).await;
+        }
+    };
+    timeout(Duration::from_secs(90), wait)
+        .await
+        .map_err(|_| format!("{what} did not happen within 90 seconds"))?
+}
+
+/// Wait until `key` is COMPLETED on the source and, for the observation
+/// window after that, the target still holds exactly one live version of it.
+async fn wait_for_replication_status_and_single_version(
+    source_client: &Client,
+    source_bucket: &str,
+    target: &FakeS3Target,
+    target_bucket: &str,
+    key: &str,
+) -> TestResult {
+    // The lost PUT response first settles the object FAILED; only the next
+    // scanner heal pass can turn that into COMPLETED, so FAILED is transient
+    // here and the wait is for COMPLETED alone.
+    let converged = async {
+        loop {
+            let head = source_client.head_object().bucket(source_bucket).key(key).send().await?;
+            if head.replication_status().is_some_and(|status| status.as_str() == "COMPLETED") {
+                return Ok::<_, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>>(());
+            }
+            sleep(Duration::from_millis(250)).await;
+        }
+    };
+    timeout(Duration::from_secs(90), converged)
+        .await
+        .map_err(|_| format!("{key}: heal re-drive did not converge to COMPLETED within 90 seconds"))??;
+    // The heal pass keeps visiting the key for a few scanner cycles; a
+    // duplicate would show up here as a second stored version.
+    for _ in 0..12 {
+        let versions = target.stored_versions(target_bucket, key);
+        assert_eq!(versions.len(), 1, "{key}: target minted another version on re-drive: {versions:?}");
+        sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn matrix_baseline_target() -> TestResult {
     run_row(TargetMode::Baseline).await
@@ -270,11 +902,15 @@ async fn run_row(mode: TargetMode) -> TestResult {
     target.create_bucket_with_object_lock(target_bucket.clone());
     mode.apply(&target);
 
-    let mut source_env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
     let mut env_vars = replication_fast_env();
     env_vars.extend_from_slice(LOOPBACK_REPLICATION_TARGET_ENV);
     env_vars.extend_from_slice(&[("NO_PROXY", "127.0.0.1,localhost"), ("HTTP_PROXY", ""), ("HTTPS_PROXY", "")]);
-    source_env.start_rustfs_server_with_env(vec![], &env_vars).await?;
+    let env = OdmTestEnv::start_with(OdmEnvOptions {
+        env: env_vars,
+        ..OdmEnvOptions::default()
+    })
+    .await?;
+    let source_env = &env.rustfs;
 
     let source_bucket = format!("matrix-{}-src", mode.slug());
     let source_client = source_env.create_s3_client();
@@ -284,9 +920,9 @@ async fn run_row(mode: TargetMode) -> TestResult {
         .object_lock_enabled_for_bucket(true)
         .send()
         .await?;
-    enable_bucket_versioning(&source_env, &source_bucket).await?;
+    enable_bucket_versioning(source_env, &source_bucket).await?;
     let target_arn = set_replication_target_with_options(
-        &source_env,
+        source_env,
         &source_bucket,
         ReplicationTargetOptions {
             endpoint: &target.address(),
@@ -299,14 +935,21 @@ async fn run_row(mode: TargetMode) -> TestResult {
         },
     )
     .await?;
-    put_bucket_replication(&source_env, &source_bucket, &target_arn).await?;
+    put_bucket_replication(source_env, &source_bucket, &target_arn).await?;
 
     let target_client = fake_source_client(&target);
     let mut failures = Vec::new();
     for shape in ObjectShape::ALL {
         let cell = format!("{}/{:?}", mode.slug(), shape);
-        let expected_body = shape.put(&source_client, &source_bucket).await?;
+        let expected_body = shape.put(&env, &source_bucket).await?;
         let status = wait_for_terminal_replication_status(&source_client, &source_bucket, shape.key()).await?;
+        if shape == ObjectShape::OdmPreservedMd5Multipart {
+            assert_eq!(
+                env.source.count_requests(FakeTargetOperation::GetObject, shape.key()),
+                2,
+                "one passthrough GET plus one background pull; replication must read the persisted local parts"
+            );
+        }
         let journal = target.requests();
         let outcome = match expectation(mode, shape) {
             Expectation::Completed => {
@@ -379,6 +1022,36 @@ async fn check_completed_cell(
     if uploads.is_empty() {
         return Err("no upload reached the target although the source reports COMPLETED".into());
     }
+    if shape == ObjectShape::OdmPreservedMd5Multipart {
+        let key_requests: Vec<_> = journal
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|record| record.key.as_deref() == Some(shape.key()))
+            .collect();
+        for operation in [
+            FakeTargetOperation::CreateMultipartUpload,
+            FakeTargetOperation::CompleteMultipartUpload,
+        ] {
+            if !key_requests.iter().any(|record| record.operation == operation) {
+                return Err(format!("preserved-MD5 multipart object did not use {operation:?}").into());
+            }
+        }
+        if key_requests
+            .iter()
+            .any(|record| record.operation == FakeTargetOperation::PutObject)
+        {
+            return Err("preserved-MD5 multipart object used a single PutObject".into());
+        }
+        let mut part_numbers: Vec<_> = key_requests
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|record| record.operation == FakeTargetOperation::UploadPart)
+            .map(|record| record.part_number)
+            .collect();
+        part_numbers.sort_unstable();
+        part_numbers.dedup();
+        if part_numbers != [Some(1), Some(2)] {
+            return Err(format!("preserved-MD5 multipart object uploaded unexpected parts: {part_numbers:?}").into());
+        }
+    }
     if let Some(framed) = uploads.iter().find(|record| record.transport.aws_chunked) {
         return Err(format!("{cell}: an upload went out aws-chunked (rustfs#6853 framing): {framed:?}").into());
     }
@@ -401,6 +1074,19 @@ async fn check_completed_cell(
     }) {
         return Err(format!("a locked PutObject went out without any integrity header (rustfs#7082): {bare:?}").into());
     }
+    // rustfs/backlog#2340 contract: a source checksum reaches the target as
+    // the `x-amz-checksum-*` header, not as user metadata; every PutObject of
+    // the shape carries it.
+    if let Some(header) = shape.forwarded_checksum_header()
+        && let Some(missing) = uploads.iter().find(|record| {
+            record.operation == FakeTargetOperation::PutObject
+                && !record.transport.checksum_headers.iter().any(|name| name == header)
+        })
+    {
+        return Err(
+            format!("a PutObject went out without the source's {header} header (rustfs/backlog#2340): {missing:?}").into(),
+        );
+    }
     Ok(())
 }
 
@@ -455,6 +1141,71 @@ async fn wait_for_terminal_replication_status(
     }
 }
 
+async fn odm_preserved_md5_multipart(env: &OdmTestEnv, bucket: &str, key: &str) -> Result<Bytes, Box<dyn Error + Send + Sync>> {
+    const PART_SIZE: usize = 5 * 1024 * 1024;
+    let origin_bucket = format!("{bucket}-origin");
+    env.source.create_bucket_with_mode(&origin_bucket, BucketMode::Unversioned);
+    let mut spec = env.fake_source_spec(&origin_bucket);
+    // Below the 16 MiB inline default the pull is one tee'd PUT with a single
+    // part; force the passthrough + background multipart write-back instead.
+    spec.policy.inline_max_bytes = 4096;
+    spec.policy.multipart_part_size_bytes = PART_SIZE as u64;
+    spec.policy.preserve_etag = true;
+    env.configure_and_wait(bucket, &spec).await?;
+
+    // A normal source PUT produces the MD5 ETag; only ODM chooses the local parts.
+    let body = payload(PART_SIZE + 4096, 0x66);
+    let source_put = env
+        .source_client()
+        .put_object()
+        .bucket(&origin_bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .body(ByteStream::from(body.clone()))
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    let source_etag = source_put.e_tag().ok_or("source PUT omitted its ETag")?.trim_matches('"');
+    assert_eq!(source_etag.len(), 32, "source fixture must have a single-PUT MD5 ETag");
+    assert!(source_etag.bytes().all(|byte| byte.is_ascii_hexdigit()));
+
+    let pulled = env.raw_get(bucket, key).await?;
+    assert_eq!(pulled.status, 200, "{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&pulled.body));
+    assert_eq!(pulled.body, body);
+    assert!(
+        env.wait_local_listed(bucket, key, Duration::from_secs(30)).await?,
+        "ODM must persist the object"
+    );
+    let attributes = env
+        .client
+        .get_object_attributes()
+        .bucket(bucket)
+        .key(key)
+        .object_attributes(ObjectAttributes::Etag)
+        .object_attributes(ObjectAttributes::ObjectParts)
+        .object_attributes(ObjectAttributes::Checksum)
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    assert_eq!(attributes.e_tag().map(|etag| etag.trim_matches('"')), Some(source_etag));
+    let parts = attributes
+        .object_parts()
+        .ok_or("the ODM copy must expose its two local parts")?;
+    assert_eq!(parts.total_parts_count(), Some(2));
+    assert_eq!(
+        parts
+            .parts()
+            .iter()
+            .map(|part| (part.part_number(), part.size()))
+            .collect::<Vec<_>>(),
+        [(Some(1), Some(PART_SIZE as i64)), (Some(2), Some(4096))]
+    );
+    assert!(
+        attributes
+            .checksum()
+            .is_none_or(|checksum| checksum == &Checksum::builder().build()),
+        "multipart routing must work without an object checksum record"
+    );
+    Ok(body)
+}
+
 async fn multipart_put(
     client: &Client,
     bucket: &str,

crates/e2e_test/src/upgrade_compatibility_test.rs

@@ -14,9 +14,10 @@
 
 use crate::common::{
     RustFSTestClusterEnvironment, RustFSTestEnvironment, admin_request, init_logging, replication_fast_env, rustfs_binary_path,
+    signed_request,
 };
-use crate::fake_s3_target::{BucketMode, FAKE_ACCESS_KEY, FAKE_SECRET_KEY, FakeS3Target};
-use crate::on_demand_migration::common::{ODM_SERVER_ENV, OdmTestEnv, SeedObject};
+use crate::fake_s3_target::{BucketMode, FAKE_ACCESS_KEY, FAKE_SECRET_KEY, FakeS3Target, Operation as FakeTargetOperation};
+use crate::on_demand_migration::common::{ODM_SERVER_ENV, OdmTestEnv, SeedObject, fake_source_client};
 use crate::replication_extension_test::{
     LOOPBACK_REPLICATION_TARGET_ENV, ReplicationTargetOptions, put_bucket_replication, set_replication_target_with_options,
 };
@@ -25,9 +26,10 @@ use aws_sdk_s3::error::ProvideErrorMetadata;
 use aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream;
 use aws_sdk_s3::types::{
     BucketLifecycleConfiguration, BucketVersioningStatus, CompletedMultipartUpload, CompletedPart, DefaultRetention,
-    ExpirationStatus, LifecycleExpiration, LifecycleRule, LifecycleRuleFilter, ObjectLockConfiguration, ObjectLockEnabled,
-    ObjectLockRetentionMode, ObjectLockRule, PublicAccessBlockConfiguration, ServerSideEncryption, ServerSideEncryptionByDefault,
-    ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration, ServerSideEncryptionRule, Tag, Tagging, VersioningConfiguration,
+    ExpirationStatus, LifecycleExpiration, LifecycleRule, LifecycleRuleFilter, ObjectAttributes, ObjectLockConfiguration,
+    ObjectLockEnabled, ObjectLockRetentionMode, ObjectLockRule, PublicAccessBlockConfiguration, ServerSideEncryption,
+    ServerSideEncryptionByDefault, ServerSideEncryptionConfiguration, ServerSideEncryptionRule, Tag, Tagging,
+    VersioningConfiguration,
 };
 use http::{Method, StatusCode};
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
@@ -1205,3 +1207,770 @@ async fn rollback_to_previous_release_reads_current_bucket_metadata() -> TestRes
     replication_target.shutdown().await;
     Ok(())
 }
+
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+// rc.5 multipart layouts under the current build (backlog#2147 follow-up to
+// rustfs#7305)
+// ---------------------------------------------------------------------------
+//
+// rustfs#7305 changed `ObjectInfo::is_multipart` to consult the stored part
+// list before the ETag shape. Every earlier check of that change used
+// synthetic metadata; this scenario writes the layouts with the published
+// rc.5 binary and then reads, describes, and replicates them with the
+// current build on the same data directory.
+
+const LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET: &str = "upgrade-layout-plain";
+const LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET: &str = "upgrade-layout-encrypted";
+const LAYOUT_REPLICA_BUCKET: &str = "upgrade-layout-replica";
+const LAYOUT_PART_SIZE: usize = 5 * 1024 * 1024;
+const LAYOUT_TAIL_SIZE: usize = 1024 * 1024 + 4096;
+const LAYOUT_SSEC_KEY: &str = "0123456789abcdef0123456789abcdef";
+const LAYOUT_REPLICATION_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(180);
+
+struct LayoutCase {
+    bucket: &'static str,
+    key: &'static str,
+    /// Empty for a single PUT.
+    part_sizes: Vec<usize>,
+    body: Vec<u8>,
+    ssec: bool,
+    /// `false` for layouts whose replication is a known pre-existing failure;
+    /// their outcome is logged, not asserted.
+    assert_replication: bool,
+    /// Recorded from the rc.5 writer.
+    rc5_etag: String,
+    /// Whether rc.5 reported `ObjectParts` for the object.
+    rc5_reported_parts: Option<usize>,
+}
+
+impl LayoutCase {
+    fn is_multipart_layout(&self) -> bool {
+        self.part_sizes.len() > 1
+    }
+
+    fn label(&self) -> String {
+        format!("{}/{}", self.bucket, self.key)
+    }
+}
+
+fn layout_noise(len: usize, seed: u64) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let mut state = seed ^ 0x9E37_79B9_7F4A_7C15;
+    (0..len)
+        .map(|_| {
+            state ^= state << 13;
+            state ^= state >> 7;
+            state ^= state << 17;
+            (state >> 24) as u8
+        })
+        .collect()
+}
+
+fn layout_text(len: usize, seed: u64) -> Vec<u8> {
+    let mut out = Vec::with_capacity(len + 64);
+    let mut line = 0u64;
+    while out.len() < len {
+        out.extend_from_slice(format!("rc5 legacy layout seed={seed} line={line} lorem ipsum dolor sit amet\n").as_bytes());
+        line += 1;
+    }
+    out.truncate(len);
+    out
+}
+
+fn layout_ssec_key_md5() -> String {
+    use md5::{Digest as _, Md5};
+    let mut hasher = Md5::new();
+    hasher.update(LAYOUT_SSEC_KEY.as_bytes());
+    base64_simd::STANDARD.encode_to_string(hasher.finalize())
+}
+
+fn layout_ssec_key() -> String {
+    base64_simd::STANDARD.encode_to_string(LAYOUT_SSEC_KEY)
+}
+
+async fn layout_head(
+    client: &Client,
+    case: &LayoutCase,
+) -> Result<aws_sdk_s3::operation::head_object::HeadObjectOutput, BoxError> {
+    let request = client.head_object().bucket(case.bucket).key(case.key);
+    let request = if case.ssec {
+        request
+            .sse_customer_algorithm("AES256")
+            .sse_customer_key(layout_ssec_key())
+            .sse_customer_key_md5(layout_ssec_key_md5())
+    } else {
+        request
+    };
+    Ok(request.send().await?)
+}
+
+async fn layout_get(
+    client: &Client,
+    case: &LayoutCase,
+    range: Option<String>,
+    part_number: Option<i32>,
+) -> Result<aws_sdk_s3::operation::get_object::GetObjectOutput, BoxError> {
+    let request = client.get_object().bucket(case.bucket).key(case.key);
+    let request = if case.ssec {
+        request
+            .sse_customer_algorithm("AES256")
+            .sse_customer_key(layout_ssec_key())
+            .sse_customer_key_md5(layout_ssec_key_md5())
+    } else {
+        request
+    };
+    let request = request.set_range(range).set_part_number(part_number);
+    Ok(request.send().await?)
+}
+
+async fn layout_attributes(
+    client: &Client,
+    case: &LayoutCase,
+) -> Result<aws_sdk_s3::operation::get_object_attributes::GetObjectAttributesOutput, BoxError> {
+    let request = client
+        .get_object_attributes()
+        .bucket(case.bucket)
+        .key(case.key)
+        .object_attributes(ObjectAttributes::Etag)
+        .object_attributes(ObjectAttributes::ObjectParts)
+        .object_attributes(ObjectAttributes::ObjectSize)
+        .max_parts(100);
+    let request = if case.ssec {
+        request
+            .sse_customer_algorithm("AES256")
+            .sse_customer_key(layout_ssec_key())
+            .sse_customer_key_md5(layout_ssec_key_md5())
+    } else {
+        request
+    };
+    Ok(request.send().await?)
+}
+
+/// Write `case` with the rc.5 client; single PUT when `part_sizes` is empty.
+async fn layout_write(client: &Client, case: &LayoutCase) -> Result<(), BoxError> {
+    let content_type = "text/plain";
+    if case.part_sizes.is_empty() {
+        let request = client
+            .put_object()
+            .bucket(case.bucket)
+            .key(case.key)
+            .content_type(content_type)
+            .body(ByteStream::from(case.body.clone()));
+        let request = if case.ssec {
+            request
+                .sse_customer_algorithm("AES256")
+                .sse_customer_key(layout_ssec_key())
+                .sse_customer_key_md5(layout_ssec_key_md5())
+        } else {
+            request
+        };
+        request.send().await?;
+        return Ok(());
+    }
+    let create = client
+        .create_multipart_upload()
+        .bucket(case.bucket)
+        .key(case.key)
+        .content_type(content_type);
+    let create = if case.ssec {
+        create
+            .sse_customer_algorithm("AES256")
+            .sse_customer_key(layout_ssec_key())
+            .sse_customer_key_md5(layout_ssec_key_md5())
+    } else {
+        create
+    };
+    let created = create.send().await?;
+    let upload_id = created.upload_id().ok_or("CreateMultipartUpload omitted upload ID")?;
+    let mut completed = Vec::with_capacity(case.part_sizes.len());
+    let mut offset = 0usize;
+    for (index, size) in case.part_sizes.iter().enumerate() {
+        let part_number = i32::try_from(index + 1)?;
+        let chunk = case.body[offset..offset + size].to_vec();
+        offset += size;
+        let upload = client
+            .upload_part()
+            .bucket(case.bucket)
+            .key(case.key)
+            .upload_id(upload_id)
+            .part_number(part_number)
+            .body(ByteStream::from(chunk));
+        let upload = if case.ssec {
+            upload
+                .sse_customer_algorithm("AES256")
+                .sse_customer_key(layout_ssec_key())
+                .sse_customer_key_md5(layout_ssec_key_md5())
+        } else {
+            upload
+        };
+        let uploaded = upload.send().await?;
+        completed.push(
+            CompletedPart::builder()
+                .part_number(part_number)
+                .e_tag(uploaded.e_tag().ok_or("UploadPart omitted ETag")?)
+                .build(),
+        );
+    }
+    client
+        .complete_multipart_upload()
+        .bucket(case.bucket)
+        .key(case.key)
+        .upload_id(upload_id)
+        .multipart_upload(CompletedMultipartUpload::builder().set_parts(Some(completed)).build())
+        .send()
+        .await?;
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn layout_cases() -> Vec<LayoutCase> {
+    let two = vec![LAYOUT_PART_SIZE, LAYOUT_TAIL_SIZE];
+    let three = vec![LAYOUT_PART_SIZE, LAYOUT_PART_SIZE, 4096];
+    let total = |sizes: &[usize]| sizes.iter().sum::<usize>();
+    let case = |bucket, key, part_sizes: Vec<usize>, body: Vec<u8>, ssec| LayoutCase {
+        bucket,
+        key,
+        part_sizes,
+        body,
+        ssec,
+        assert_replication: true,
+        rc5_etag: String::new(),
+        rc5_reported_parts: None,
+    };
+    vec![
+        case(LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET, "plain/single.bin", vec![], layout_noise(1024 * 1024 + 17, 1), false),
+        case(
+            LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET,
+            "plain/multipart-2.bin",
+            two.clone(),
+            layout_noise(total(&two), 2),
+            false,
+        ),
+        case(
+            LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET,
+            "plain/multipart-3.bin",
+            three.clone(),
+            layout_noise(total(&three), 3),
+            false,
+        ),
+        case(
+            LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET,
+            "plain/compressed-single.txt",
+            vec![],
+            layout_text(1024 * 1024 + 17, 4),
+            false,
+        ),
+        case(
+            LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET,
+            "plain/compressed-multipart-2.txt",
+            two.clone(),
+            layout_text(total(&two), 5),
+            false,
+        ),
+        case(
+            LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET,
+            "plain/ssec-multipart-2.bin",
+            two.clone(),
+            layout_noise(total(&two), 6),
+            true,
+        ),
+        // SSE-C passthrough replicates the stored ciphertext part by part; a
+        // compressible first part is stored well below 5 MiB, so the sender
+        // declares each part's plaintext length and the target validates the
+        // 5 MiB minimum against it (rustfs/backlog#2363). rc.5 as the sender
+        // still fails this layout (see `rc5_baseline_replicates_multipart_layouts`).
+        case(
+            LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET,
+            "plain/ssec-compressed-multipart-2.txt",
+            two.clone(),
+            layout_text(total(&two), 7),
+            true,
+        ),
+        case(
+            LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET,
+            "encrypted/single.bin",
+            vec![],
+            layout_noise(1024 * 1024 + 17, 8),
+            false,
+        ),
+        case(
+            LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET,
+            "encrypted/multipart-2.bin",
+            two.clone(),
+            layout_noise(total(&two), 9),
+            false,
+        ),
+        case(
+            LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET,
+            "encrypted/multipart-3.bin",
+            three.clone(),
+            layout_noise(total(&three), 10),
+            false,
+        ),
+        case(
+            LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET,
+            "encrypted/compressed-multipart-2.txt",
+            two.clone(),
+            layout_text(total(&two), 11),
+            false,
+        ),
+    ]
+}
+
+fn layout_server_env() -> Vec<(&'static str, &'static str)> {
+    let mut env = bucket_config_server_env();
+    env.push(("RUSTFS_COMPRESSION_ENABLED", "true"));
+    env.push(("RUSTFS_COMPRESSION_MULTIPART_ENABLED", "true"));
+    env
+}
+
+fn layout_reported_parts(attributes: &aws_sdk_s3::operation::get_object_attributes::GetObjectAttributesOutput) -> Option<usize> {
+    attributes.object_parts().map(|parts| parts.parts().len())
+}
+
+async fn assert_layout_readable(client: &Client, case: &LayoutCase, context: &str) -> TestResult {
+    let label = case.label();
+    let head = layout_head(client, case).await?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        head.e_tag().map(|etag| etag.trim_matches('"')),
+        Some(case.rc5_etag.as_str()),
+        "{context}: {label}: the ETag written by rc.5 must be reported unchanged"
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        head.content_length(),
+        Some(i64::try_from(case.body.len())?),
+        "{context}: {label}: HEAD content length"
+    );
+
+    let full = layout_get(client, case, None, None).await?.body.collect().await?.into_bytes();
+    assert_eq!(full.len(), case.body.len(), "{context}: {label}: full GET length");
+    assert!(full == case.body, "{context}: {label}: full GET body must equal the rc.5 upload");
+
+    if case.is_multipart_layout() {
+        let first = case.part_sizes[0];
+        let range = format!("bytes={}-{}", first - 32, first + 31);
+        let crossing = layout_get(client, case, Some(range), None)
+            .await?
+            .body
+            .collect()
+            .await?
+            .into_bytes();
+        assert!(
+            crossing == case.body[first - 32..first + 32],
+            "{context}: {label}: range across the first part boundary"
+        );
+        let tail_start: usize = case.part_sizes[..case.part_sizes.len() - 1].iter().sum();
+        let last_number = i32::try_from(case.part_sizes.len())?;
+        let last = layout_get(client, case, None, Some(last_number)).await?;
+        assert_eq!(
+            last.content_length(),
+            Some(i64::try_from(case.part_sizes[case.part_sizes.len() - 1])?),
+            "{context}: {label}: partNumber={last_number} length"
+        );
+        let last_body = last.body.collect().await?.into_bytes();
+        assert!(
+            last_body == case.body[tail_start..],
+            "{context}: {label}: partNumber={last_number} body must be the stored last part"
+        );
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn assert_layout_attributes(client: &Client, case: &LayoutCase, context: &str) -> TestResult {
+    let label = case.label();
+    let attributes = layout_attributes(client, case).await?;
+    assert_eq!(
+        attributes.e_tag().map(|etag| etag.trim_matches('"')),
+        Some(case.rc5_etag.as_str()),
+        "{context}: {label}: attributes ETag"
+    );
+    assert_eq!(
+        attributes.object_size(),
+        Some(i64::try_from(case.body.len())?),
+        "{context}: {label}: attributes ObjectSize"
+    );
+    if case.is_multipart_layout() {
+        let parts = attributes
+            .object_parts()
+            .ok_or_else(|| format!("{context}: {label}: multipart layout must expose ObjectParts"))?;
+        assert_eq!(
+            parts.total_parts_count(),
+            Some(i32::try_from(case.part_sizes.len())?),
+            "{context}: {label}: TotalPartsCount"
+        );
+        let observed: Vec<(Option<i32>, Option<i64>)> =
+            parts.parts().iter().map(|part| (part.part_number(), part.size())).collect();
+        let expected: Vec<(Option<i32>, Option<i64>)> = case
+            .part_sizes
+            .iter()
+            .enumerate()
+            .map(|(index, size)| (Some(index as i32 + 1), Some(*size as i64)))
+            .collect();
+        assert_eq!(
+            observed, expected,
+            "{context}: {label}: ObjectParts must report the plaintext part layout"
+        );
+    } else {
+        assert!(
+            attributes.object_parts().is_none_or(|parts| parts.parts().is_empty()),
+            "{context}: {label}: a single PUT must not report stored parts"
+        );
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn put_layout_replication_rule(env: &RustFSTestEnvironment, bucket: &str, arn: &str) -> TestResult {
+    let body = format!(
+        r#"<ReplicationConfiguration xmlns="http://s3.amazonaws.com/doc/2006-03-01/">
+  <Role></Role>
+  <Rule>
+    <ID>legacy-layouts</ID>
+    <Priority>1</Priority>
+    <Status>Enabled</Status>
+    <Filter><Prefix></Prefix></Filter>
+    <DeleteMarkerReplication><Status>Enabled</Status></DeleteMarkerReplication>
+    <DeleteReplication><Status>Enabled</Status></DeleteReplication>
+    <ExistingObjectReplication><Status>Enabled</Status></ExistingObjectReplication>
+    <Destination><Bucket>{arn}</Bucket></Destination>
+  </Rule>
+</ReplicationConfiguration>"#
+    );
+    let url = format!("{}/{bucket}?replication", env.url);
+    let response = signed_request(
+        Method::PUT,
+        &url,
+        &env.access_key,
+        &env.secret_key,
+        Some(body.into_bytes()),
+        Some("application/xml"),
+    )
+    .await?;
+    if response.status() != StatusCode::OK {
+        let status = response.status();
+        let body = response.text().await.unwrap_or_default();
+        return Err(format!("put replication rule on {bucket} failed: {status} {body}").into());
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// Wait for the existing-object replication of `case` to reach a terminal
+/// status and return it (`COMPLETED` or `FAILED`).
+async fn wait_layout_replication_terminal(client: &Client, case: &LayoutCase) -> Result<String, BoxError> {
+    let deadline = Instant::now() + LAYOUT_REPLICATION_TIMEOUT;
+    loop {
+        let head = layout_head(client, case).await?;
+        let status = head.replication_status().map(|status| status.as_str().to_string());
+        if matches!(status.as_deref(), Some("COMPLETED") | Some("FAILED")) {
+            return Ok(status.unwrap_or_default());
+        }
+        if Instant::now() >= deadline {
+            return Err(format!(
+                "{}: existing-object replication never reached a terminal status; last {status:?}",
+                case.label()
+            )
+            .into());
+        }
+        sleep(Duration::from_millis(500)).await;
+    }
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug)]
+struct LayoutTransport {
+    status: String,
+    uploaded_parts: Vec<i32>,
+    single_puts: usize,
+    completes: usize,
+    /// Raw per-key journal in target order: (sequence, operation, part number,
+    /// upload id), so duplicate drives can be told apart from retries.
+    journal: Vec<(u64, String, Option<i32>, Option<String>)>,
+}
+
+/// Configure every layout bucket to replicate its existing objects to a fresh
+/// fake target, wait for each case to settle, and report the transport the
+/// target observed per case.
+async fn replicate_layouts(
+    env: &RustFSTestEnvironment,
+    client: &Client,
+    cases: &[LayoutCase],
+) -> Result<(FakeS3Target, Vec<LayoutTransport>), BoxError> {
+    let target = FakeS3Target::start().await?;
+    target.create_bucket(LAYOUT_REPLICA_BUCKET);
+    for bucket in [LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET, LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET] {
+        let arn = set_replication_target_with_options(
+            env,
+            bucket,
+            ReplicationTargetOptions {
+                endpoint: &target.address(),
+                access_key: FAKE_ACCESS_KEY,
+                secret_key: FAKE_SECRET_KEY,
+                target_bucket: LAYOUT_REPLICA_BUCKET,
+                secure: false,
+                skip_tls_verify: false,
+                ca_cert_pem: None,
+            },
+        )
+        .await?;
+        put_layout_replication_rule(env, bucket, &arn).await?;
+    }
+    let mut statuses = Vec::with_capacity(cases.len());
+    for case in cases {
+        statuses.push(wait_layout_replication_terminal(client, case).await?);
+    }
+    let journal = target.requests();
+    let mut transports = Vec::with_capacity(cases.len());
+    for (case, status) in cases.iter().zip(statuses) {
+        let key_requests: Vec<_> = journal
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|record| record.key.as_deref() == Some(case.key))
+            .collect();
+        let mut uploaded_parts: Vec<i32> = key_requests
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|record| record.operation == FakeTargetOperation::UploadPart)
+            .filter_map(|record| record.part_number)
+            .collect();
+        uploaded_parts.sort_unstable();
+        uploaded_parts.dedup();
+        let transport = LayoutTransport {
+            status,
+            uploaded_parts,
+            single_puts: key_requests
+                .iter()
+                .filter(|record| record.operation == FakeTargetOperation::PutObject)
+                .count(),
+            completes: key_requests
+                .iter()
+                .filter(|record| record.operation == FakeTargetOperation::CompleteMultipartUpload)
+                .count(),
+            journal: key_requests
+                .iter()
+                .map(|record| {
+                    (
+                        record.sequence,
+                        format!("{:?}", record.operation),
+                        record.part_number,
+                        record.upload_id.as_ref().map(|id| id.chars().take(12).collect()),
+                    )
+                })
+                .collect(),
+        };
+        tracing::info!(
+            target: "e2e_test::upgrade_compatibility_test",
+            object = %case.label(),
+            ?transport,
+            "replication transport observed on the target"
+        );
+        transports.push(transport);
+    }
+    Ok((target, transports))
+}
+
+/// rc.5 writes single-PUT, multipart, compressed, SSE-C and SSE-S3 layouts;
+/// the current build must read every byte, expose the stored part layout
+/// through GetObjectAttributes and partNumber reads, and replicate the objects
+/// with the transport that matches their stored parts.
+#[tokio::test]
+#[ignore = "requires the pinned 1.0.0-rc.5 release binary"]
+async fn direct_upgrade_from_rc5_preserves_multipart_layouts() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let previous_binary = source_binary()?;
+    let server_env = layout_server_env();
+
+    let mut env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+    env.start_rustfs_server_from_binary(&previous_binary, vec![], &server_env)
+        .await?;
+    let old_client = env.create_s3_client();
+    env.create_test_bucket(LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET).await?;
+    env.create_test_bucket(LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET).await?;
+    enable_versioning(&old_client, LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET).await?;
+    enable_versioning(&old_client, LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET).await?;
+    put_default_sse_s3_encryption(&old_client, LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET).await?;
+    assert_default_sse_s3_encryption(&old_client, LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET, "rc.5").await?;
+
+    let mut cases = layout_cases();
+    for case in cases.iter_mut() {
+        layout_write(&old_client, case).await?;
+        let head = layout_head(&old_client, case).await?;
+        case.rc5_etag = head
+            .e_tag()
+            .ok_or_else(|| format!("{}: rc.5 HEAD omitted the ETag", case.label()))?
+            .trim_matches('"')
+            .to_string();
+        case.rc5_reported_parts = layout_attributes(&old_client, case)
+            .await
+            .ok()
+            .and_then(|a| layout_reported_parts(&a));
+        tracing::info!(
+            target: "e2e_test::upgrade_compatibility_test",
+            object = %case.label(),
+            parts = case.part_sizes.len(),
+            etag = %case.rc5_etag,
+            rc5_reported_parts = ?case.rc5_reported_parts,
+            "rc.5 wrote a legacy layout"
+        );
+    }
+    // The rc.5 writer must itself still read what it wrote, so a later
+    // failure is attributable to the upgrade rather than to the fixture.
+    for case in &cases {
+        assert_layout_readable(&old_client, case, "rc.5").await?;
+    }
+
+    // Upgrade in place.
+    env.restart_server_preserving_data(vec![], &server_env).await?;
+    let client = env.create_s3_client();
+    for case in &cases {
+        assert_layout_readable(&client, case, "upgraded").await?;
+        assert_layout_attributes(&client, case, "upgraded").await?;
+    }
+
+    // Replicate the pre-existing objects with the current build.
+    let (target, transports) = replicate_layouts(&env, &client, &cases).await?;
+    let replica_client = fake_source_client(&target);
+    for (case, transport) in cases.iter().zip(&transports) {
+        let label = case.label();
+        if !case.assert_replication {
+            continue;
+        }
+        assert_eq!(transport.status, "COMPLETED", "{label}: existing-object replication must complete");
+        if case.is_multipart_layout() {
+            let expected: Vec<i32> = (1..=i32::try_from(case.part_sizes.len())?).collect();
+            assert_eq!(
+                transport.uploaded_parts, expected,
+                "{label}: stored parts must replicate as the same multipart layout"
+            );
+            // An object still PENDING when the next scanner cycle arrives is
+            // not driven a second time (rustfs/backlog#2362); the journal is
+            // logged so a duplicate round is visible if this ever regresses.
+            assert_eq!(
+                transport.completes, 1,
+                "{label}: exactly one CompleteMultipartUpload; journal {:?}",
+                transport.journal
+            );
+            assert_eq!(
+                transport.single_puts, 0,
+                "{label}: a multipart layout must not go out as a single PutObject"
+            );
+        } else {
+            assert_eq!(transport.single_puts, 1, "{label}: a single PUT replicates as exactly one PutObject");
+            assert!(transport.uploaded_parts.is_empty(), "{label}: a single PUT must not go out as multipart");
+        }
+        if !case.ssec {
+            let replica = replica_client
+                .get_object()
+                .bucket(LAYOUT_REPLICA_BUCKET)
+                .key(case.key)
+                .send()
+                .await
+                .map_err(|err| format!("{label}: replica missing on the target: {err}"))?
+                .body
+                .collect()
+                .await?
+                .into_bytes();
+            assert_eq!(replica.len(), case.body.len(), "{label}: replica length");
+            assert!(replica == case.body, "{label}: replica body must equal the rc.5 upload");
+        }
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// The same layouts replicated by rc.5 itself, without an upgrade. This is the
+/// baseline that tells a pre-existing transport failure apart from one the
+/// current build introduced; it records the outcome per layout and only fails
+/// when the fixture cannot run.
+#[tokio::test]
+#[ignore = "requires the pinned 1.0.0-rc.5 release binary"]
+async fn rc5_baseline_replicates_multipart_layouts() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let previous_binary = source_binary()?;
+    let server_env = layout_server_env();
+
+    let mut env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+    env.start_rustfs_server_from_binary(&previous_binary, vec![], &server_env)
+        .await?;
+    let client = env.create_s3_client();
+    env.create_test_bucket(LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET).await?;
+    env.create_test_bucket(LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET).await?;
+    enable_versioning(&client, LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET).await?;
+    enable_versioning(&client, LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET).await?;
+    put_default_sse_s3_encryption(&client, LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET).await?;
+
+    let mut cases = layout_cases();
+    for case in cases.iter_mut() {
+        layout_write(&client, case).await?;
+        let head = layout_head(&client, case).await?;
+        case.rc5_etag = head
+            .e_tag()
+            .ok_or_else(|| format!("{}: rc.5 HEAD omitted the ETag", case.label()))?
+            .trim_matches('"')
+            .to_string();
+    }
+    let (_target, transports) = replicate_layouts(&env, &client, &cases).await?;
+    let summary: Vec<String> = cases
+        .iter()
+        .zip(&transports)
+        .map(|(case, transport)| {
+            format!(
+                "{}: {} parts={:?} puts={}",
+                case.label(),
+                transport.status,
+                transport.uploaded_parts,
+                transport.single_puts
+            )
+        })
+        .collect();
+    tracing::info!(target: "e2e_test::upgrade_compatibility_test", ?summary, "rc.5 baseline replication outcomes");
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+/// backlog#2362 under the same conditions that reproduced it with the rc.5
+/// writer, but with the workspace build on both sides so it runs in the
+/// ordinary lane: every pre-existing layout is driven through exactly one
+/// upload round even though the scanner re-scans it every second while the
+/// first round is still in flight.
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn existing_object_replication_drives_each_layout_once() -> TestResult {
+    init_logging();
+    let server_env = layout_server_env();
+
+    let mut env = RustFSTestEnvironment::new().await?;
+    env.start_rustfs_server_with_env(vec![], &server_env).await?;
+    let writer = env.create_s3_client();
+    env.create_test_bucket(LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET).await?;
+    env.create_test_bucket(LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET).await?;
+    enable_versioning(&writer, LAYOUT_PLAIN_BUCKET).await?;
+    enable_versioning(&writer, LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET).await?;
+    put_default_sse_s3_encryption(&writer, LAYOUT_ENCRYPTED_BUCKET).await?;
+
+    let mut cases = layout_cases();
+    for case in cases.iter_mut() {
+        layout_write(&writer, case).await?;
+        let head = layout_head(&writer, case).await?;
+        case.rc5_etag = head
+            .e_tag()
+            .ok_or_else(|| format!("{}: HEAD omitted the ETag", case.label()))?
+            .trim_matches('"')
+            .to_string();
+    }
+
+    // The objects come from an earlier process lifetime: the scanner starts
+    // cold and every object is a candidate at once.
+    env.restart_server_preserving_data(vec![], &server_env).await?;
+    let client = env.create_s3_client();
+    let (_target, transports) = replicate_layouts(&env, &client, &cases).await?;
+    let mut duplicates = Vec::new();
+    for (case, transport) in cases.iter().zip(&transports) {
+        assert_eq!(
+            transport.status,
+            "COMPLETED",
+            "{}: existing-object replication must complete",
+            case.label()
+        );
+        let rounds = if case.is_multipart_layout() {
+            transport.completes
+        } else {
+            transport.single_puts
+        };
+        if rounds != 1 {
+            duplicates.push(format!("{}: {rounds} upload rounds; journal {:?}", case.label(), transport.journal));
+        }
+    }
+    assert!(duplicates.is_empty(), "each existing object must be driven exactly once: {duplicates:?}");
+    Ok(())
+}

crates/ecstore/Cargo.toml

@@ -226,7 +226,7 @@ metrics = { workspace = true }
 # crates.io. The guard scripts/check_no_tokio_io_uring.sh allows an explicit
 # io-uring integration; only the tokio "io-uring" runtime feature is banned.
 [target.'cfg(target_os = "linux")'.dependencies]
-rustfs-uring = "0.2.1"
+rustfs-uring = "0.2.2"
 
 [target.'cfg(windows)'.dependencies]
 winapi-util.workspace = true

crates/ecstore/src/api/mod.rs

@@ -32,7 +32,8 @@ pub mod bucket {
     pub mod bucket_target_sys {
         pub use crate::bucket::bucket_target_sys::{
             AdvancedPutOptions, BucketTargetError, BucketTargetSys, PutObjectOptions, RemoveObjectOptions, S3ClientError,
-            SsecPassthroughCapability, TargetClient, append_version_id_query,
+            SsecPassthroughCapability, TargetClient, VersionIdentityCapability, append_version_id_query,
+            resolve_delete_api_version_id,
         };
     }
 
@@ -69,11 +70,33 @@ pub mod bucket {
             };
         }
 
+        pub mod recovery_control {
+            pub use crate::bucket::lifecycle::recovery_control::{
+                IlmRecoveryClassification, IlmRecoveryControlPage, IlmRecoveryControlView, IlmRecoveryProtocol,
+                inspect_recovery_control, list_recovery_controls,
+            };
+        }
+
+        pub mod recovery_disposition {
+            pub use crate::bucket::lifecycle::recovery_disposition::{
+                IlmRecoveryDispositionExecutionOutcome, IlmRecoveryDispositionReasonCode, IlmRecoveryDispositionState,
+                dry_run_recovery_disposition, execute_recovery_disposition,
+            };
+        }
+
+        pub mod recovery_export {
+            pub use crate::bucket::lifecycle::recovery_export::{
+                IlmRecoveryExportCreated, IlmRecoveryExportObservation, create_recovery_export,
+                inspect_recovery_export_observation, load_recovery_export,
+            };
+        }
+
         pub mod transition_transaction {
             pub use crate::bucket::lifecycle::transition_transaction::{
                 TransitionOperatorDeleteResult, TransitionOperatorError, TransitionOperatorProbe, TransitionOperatorStatus,
-                delete_transition_candidate_for_operator, finalize_missing_transition_transaction_for_operator,
-                inspect_transition_transaction_for_operator,
+                TransitionRecoveryRetryResult, TransitionRecoveryRetryStatus, delete_transition_candidate_for_operator,
+                finalize_missing_transition_transaction_for_operator, inspect_transition_recovery_retry_for_operator,
+                inspect_transition_transaction_for_operator, retry_transition_recovery_for_operator,
             };
             #[cfg(feature = "test-util")]
             pub use crate::bucket::lifecycle::transition_transaction::{
@@ -89,8 +112,9 @@ pub mod bucket {
         #[allow(clippy::module_inception)]
         pub mod lifecycle {
             pub use crate::bucket::lifecycle::lifecycle::{
-                Event, ExpirationOptions, IlmAction, Lifecycle, LifecycleCalculate, ObjectOpts, RuleValidate,
-                TRANSITION_COMPLETE, TRANSITION_PENDING, TransitionOptions, expected_expiry_time, object_opts_from_object_info,
+                Event, ExpirationOptions, IlmAction, LIFECYCLE_MALFORMED_XML_ERROR_KIND, Lifecycle, LifecycleCalculate,
+                ObjectOpts, RuleValidate, TRANSITION_COMPLETE, TRANSITION_PENDING, TransitionOptions, expected_expiry_time,
+                object_opts_from_object_info,
             };
         }
 
@@ -151,15 +175,17 @@ pub mod bucket {
             BUCKET_CONFIG_PUBLISH_HOOK, BucketConfigPublishHook, BucketMetadataMutationGuard, BucketMetadataSys,
             ObjectLockConfigState, acquire_bucket_metadata_transaction_lock,
             acquire_bucket_metadata_transaction_lock_for_incarnation, acquire_scanner_bucket_incarnation_fence,
-            capture_bucket_metadata_incarnation, delete, delete_if_incarnation, delete_under_transaction_lock, get,
-            get_accelerate_config, get_bucket_policy, get_bucket_policy_raw, get_bucket_targets_config, get_config_from_disk,
-            get_cors_config, get_durability_config, get_global_bucket_metadata_sys, get_lifecycle_config, get_logging_config,
-            get_notification_config, get_object_lock_config, get_object_lock_config_state, get_on_demand_migration_config,
+            capture_bucket_metadata_incarnation, delete, delete_if_incarnation, delete_if_incarnation_at,
+            delete_under_transaction_lock, get, get_accelerate_config, get_bucket_policy, get_bucket_policy_raw,
+            get_bucket_targets_config, get_config_from_disk, get_cors_config, get_durability_config,
+            get_global_bucket_metadata_sys, get_lifecycle_config, get_logging_config, get_notification_config,
+            get_object_lock_config, get_object_lock_config_state, get_on_demand_migration_config,
             get_on_demand_migration_config_in, get_public_access_block_config, get_quota_config, get_replication_config,
             get_request_payment_config, get_sse_config, get_tagging_config, get_versioning_config, get_website_config,
             init_bucket_metadata_sys, list_bucket_targets, reload_bucket_metadata, remove_bucket_metadata, set_bucket_metadata,
             update, update_bucket_targets_under_transaction_lock, update_config_with, update_if_incarnation,
-            update_quota_if_incarnation, update_under_transaction_lock,
+            update_if_incarnation_at, update_quota_if_incarnation, update_quota_if_incarnation_at, update_under_transaction_lock,
+            update_under_transaction_lock_at,
         };
         #[cfg(feature = "test-util")]
         pub use crate::bucket::metadata_sys::{ConfigWriteLockProbe, test_support};
@@ -283,7 +309,7 @@ pub mod cache {
 pub mod capacity {
     pub use crate::core::pools::{
         DecommissionUnresolvedEntry, PoolDecommissionInfo, PoolStatus, get_total_usable_capacity, get_total_usable_capacity_free,
-        path2_bucket_object, path2_bucket_object_with_base_path,
+        is_pool_activation_fleet_proof_error, path2_bucket_object, path2_bucket_object_with_base_path,
     };
     pub use crate::store::utils::is_reserved_or_invalid_bucket;
 }
@@ -390,8 +416,8 @@ pub mod disk {
 
 pub mod error {
     pub use crate::error::{
-        Error, Result, StorageError, classify_system_path_failure_reason, is_err_bucket_not_found, is_err_object_not_found,
-        is_err_version_not_found,
+        Error, PoolMetadataError, PoolMetadataFailure, Result, StorageError, classify_system_path_failure_reason,
+        is_err_bucket_not_found, is_err_object_not_found, is_err_version_not_found,
     };
 }
 
@@ -436,9 +462,12 @@ pub mod notification {
     #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-util"))]
     pub use crate::services::notification_sys::rotate_cross_pool_fence_fleet_proof_for_test;
     pub use crate::services::notification_sys::{
-        ClusterTierDailyStats, CrossPoolFenceFleetProofToken, LegacyTransitionStateReconcileFleetProofToken, NotificationPeerErr,
-        NotificationSys, ScannerPublicationLeaseGrant, acquire_cross_pool_fence_fleet_proof,
+        ClusterTierDailyStats, CrossPoolFenceFleetProofToken, IlmRecoveryExportFleetProofToken,
+        LegacyTransitionStateReconcileFleetProofToken, NotificationPeerErr, NotificationSys, ScannerPublicationLeaseGrant,
+        acquire_cross_pool_fence_fleet_proof, acquire_ilm_recovery_export_fleet_proof,
         acquire_legacy_transition_state_reconcile_fleet_proof, cross_pool_fence_fleet_proof_matches, get_global_notification_sys,
+        ilm_recovery_export_fleet_proof_matches, ilm_recovery_export_local_process_epoch,
+        ilm_recovery_export_member_epochs_sha256, ilm_recovery_export_topology_generation,
         legacy_transition_state_reconcile_fleet_proof_matches, new_global_notification_sys,
         scanner_peer_transport_error_message_is_retryable, start_remote_version_state_fleet_probe,
     };
@@ -491,7 +520,8 @@ pub mod rpc {
     pub use crate::cluster::rpc::{
         AuthenticatedChannel, KMS_SIGNAL_SUBSYSTEM, LocalPeerS3Client, PEER_RESTDRY_RUN, PEER_RESTSIGNAL, PEER_RESTSUB_SYS,
         PeerRestClient, PeerS3Client, S3PeerSys, SERVICE_SIGNAL_REFRESH_CONFIG, SERVICE_SIGNAL_RELOAD_DYNAMIC,
-        ScannerBucketListing, ScannerPeerActivity, ScannerPeerDirtyUsageSnapshot, ScannerPublicationLease, TONIC_RPC_PREFIX,
+        ScannerBucketListing, ScannerDirtyUsageAcknowledgement, ScannerPeerActivity, ScannerPeerDirtyUsageBucket,
+        ScannerPeerDirtyUsageSnapshot, ScannerPublicationLease, ScannerScopedDirtyUsageAckEntry, TONIC_RPC_PREFIX,
         TonicInterceptor, build_put_file_auth_trailer, check_and_record_signed_rpc_nonce, decode_heal_bucket_rpc_options,
         encode_heal_bucket_rpc_options, gen_signature_headers, gen_tonic_replay_scope_headers, gen_tonic_signature_headers,
         gen_tonic_signature_interceptor, node_service_time_out_client, node_service_time_out_client_no_auth,

crates/ecstore/src/bucket/bucket_target_sys.rs

@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ use crate::bucket::metadata_sys::get_replication_config;
 use crate::bucket::remote_s3_client::{
     PathStyle, REPLICATION_TARGET_RETRY_POLICY, RemoteCredentials, RemoteS3EndpointSpec, build_remote_s3_client,
 };
-use crate::bucket::replication::{ObjectLockIntegrity, object_lock_put_integrity};
+use crate::bucket::replication::{ObjectLockIntegrity, object_lock_put_integrity, replication_etags_match};
 use crate::bucket::replication::{ReplicationStatusType, ReplicationTargetConfigBridge};
 use crate::bucket::target::ARN;
 use crate::bucket::target::BucketTargetType;
@@ -33,6 +33,8 @@ use aws_sdk_s3::operation::get_object::{GetObjectError, GetObjectOutput};
 use aws_sdk_s3::operation::get_object_tagging::{GetObjectTaggingError, GetObjectTaggingOutput};
 use aws_sdk_s3::operation::head_bucket::HeadBucketError;
 use aws_sdk_s3::operation::head_object::HeadObjectError;
+use aws_sdk_s3::operation::put_object_legal_hold::{PutObjectLegalHoldError, PutObjectLegalHoldOutput};
+use aws_sdk_s3::operation::put_object_retention::{PutObjectRetentionError, PutObjectRetentionOutput};
 use aws_sdk_s3::operation::put_object_tagging::{PutObjectTaggingError, PutObjectTaggingOutput};
 use aws_sdk_s3::operation::upload_part::UploadPartOutput;
 use aws_sdk_s3::primitives::ByteStream;
@@ -42,6 +44,7 @@ use aws_sdk_s3::types::{
     ChecksumAlgorithm, ChecksumMode, CompletedMultipartUpload, CompletedPart, ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus, ObjectLockRetentionMode,
     ServerSideEncryption,
 };
+use aws_sdk_s3::types::{ObjectLockLegalHold, ObjectLockRetention};
 use aws_sdk_s3::{Client as S3Client, operation::head_object::HeadObjectOutput};
 use aws_smithy_runtime_api::client::orchestrator::HttpRequest;
 use futures::{StreamExt, stream};
@@ -126,6 +129,25 @@ impl From<&BucketTarget> for RemoteS3EndpointSpec {
 }
 
 pub type HeadObjectSdkError = Box<SdkError<HeadObjectError>>;
+
+/// Whether an edited bucket target still addresses the same remote service
+/// (endpoint, bucket, path style, TLS and identity), so a verdict learned
+/// about that service stays valid across the edit.
+fn same_replication_service(edited: &BucketTarget, previous: &BucketTarget) -> bool {
+    let access_key = |target: &BucketTarget| target.credentials.as_ref().map(|credentials| credentials.access_key.clone());
+    edited.endpoint == previous.endpoint
+        && edited.target_bucket == previous.target_bucket
+        && edited.secure == previous.secure
+        && edited.path == previous.path
+        && access_key(edited) == access_key(previous)
+}
+
+/// Page size and page budget for [`TargetClient::locate_replica_by_etag`].
+const FIND_VERSION_BY_ETAG_PAGE_SIZE: i32 = 1000;
+const FIND_VERSION_BY_ETAG_MAX_PAGES: usize = 8;
+/// Candidate cap for [`TargetClient::replica_candidates_by_etag`]: more than
+/// this many same-content versions of one key is ambiguity by any measure.
+const FIND_VERSION_BY_ETAG_MAX_MATCHES: usize = 16;
 pub type GetObjectSdkError = Box<SdkError<GetObjectError>>;
 pub type GetObjectTaggingSdkError = Box<SdkError<GetObjectTaggingError>>;
 pub type PutObjectTaggingSdkError = Box<SdkError<PutObjectTaggingError>>;
@@ -349,6 +371,13 @@ struct TargetClientBuildProbe {
 /// their import path while the verdict vocabulary lives with the
 /// replication decision logic.
 pub use crate::bucket::replication::SsecPassthroughCapability;
+/// Version-identity verdicts (see the enum's own docs in
+/// `rustfs-replication`) are cached here per target ARN and follow the same
+/// `arn_remotes_map` lifecycle. They carry no TTL: the verdict is refreshed
+/// by every replication write's response, so it can only go stale on a
+/// target that receives no writes — and a stale `MintsOwn` costs one extra
+/// content-identity lookup before a PUT, never a lost replica.
+pub use crate::bucket::replication::VersionIdentityCapability;
 
 /// How long an audited SSE-C passthrough verdict stays authoritative.
 ///
@@ -375,6 +404,11 @@ pub struct BucketTargetSys {
     /// SSE-C passthrough capability verdicts keyed by target ARN. See
     /// [`SsecPassthroughCapability`]; reset alongside `arn_remotes_map`.
     ssec_passthrough_map: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<String, SsecPassthroughRecord>>>,
+    /// Version-identity verdicts keyed by target ARN. See
+    /// [`VersionIdentityCapability`]; reset alongside `arn_remotes_map`. A std
+    /// lock (never held across an await) so the replication worker can record
+    /// a verdict from inside its synchronous PUT-response audit.
+    version_identity_map: Arc<std::sync::RwLock<HashMap<String, VersionIdentityCapability>>>,
     pub targets_map: Arc<RwLock<HashMap<String, Vec<BucketTarget>>>>,
     /// Buckets whose persisted `bucket-targets.json` exists but cannot be
     /// decoded (rustfs/backlog#2282). Written under the bucket's update mutex
@@ -423,6 +457,7 @@ impl BucketTargetSys {
         Self {
             arn_remotes_map: Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
             ssec_passthrough_map: Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
+            version_identity_map: Arc::new(std::sync::RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
             targets_map: Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
             unreadable_targets: Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashSet::new())),
             h_mutex: Arc::new(RwLock::new(HashMap::new())),
@@ -746,10 +781,40 @@ impl BucketTargetSys {
                 arn_remotes_map.remove(&target.arn);
                 health_map.remove(&target.arn);
                 ssec_map.remove(&target.arn);
+                self.forget_version_identity_capability(&target.arn);
             }
         }
     }
 
+    /// Cached version-identity verdict for a target ARN; `Unknown` until a
+    /// replication write or a replication-check VersionFidelity probe judged
+    /// it since the target was built.
+    pub fn version_identity_capability(&self, arn: &str) -> VersionIdentityCapability {
+        self.version_identity_map
+            .read()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|poisoned| poisoned.into_inner())
+            .get(arn)
+            .copied()
+            .unwrap_or_default()
+    }
+
+    /// Record a version-identity verdict for a target ARN. Written by the
+    /// replication worker after every PutObject / CompleteMultipartUpload
+    /// response and by the replication-check VersionFidelity phase.
+    pub fn record_version_identity_capability(&self, arn: &str, capability: VersionIdentityCapability) {
+        self.version_identity_map
+            .write()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|poisoned| poisoned.into_inner())
+            .insert(arn.to_string(), capability);
+    }
+
+    fn forget_version_identity_capability(&self, arn: &str) {
+        self.version_identity_map
+            .write()
+            .unwrap_or_else(|poisoned| poisoned.into_inner())
+            .remove(arn);
+    }
+
     /// Cached SSE-C passthrough capability for a target ARN, plus whether the
     /// verdict is older than [`SSEC_PASSTHROUGH_CAPABILITY_TTL`]. `(Unknown,
     /// false)` when no verdict has been recorded since the target was built.
@@ -794,17 +859,24 @@ impl BucketTargetSys {
     ) -> Result<BucketTargets, BucketTargetError> {
         self.validate_target(bucket, target).await?;
 
-        let mut bucket_targets = match self.list_bucket_targets(bucket).await {
-            Ok(targets) => targets,
-            Err(BucketTargetError::BucketRemoteTargetNotFound { .. }) => BucketTargets::default(),
-            Err(err) => return Err(err),
-        };
+        let mut bucket_targets = self.targets_base_for_write(bucket).await?;
 
         Self::upsert_target_entry(&mut bucket_targets.targets, target, update)?;
 
         Ok(bucket_targets)
     }
 
+    /// Ordinary writes must not turn an unreadable cached snapshot into an
+    /// empty configuration. Explicit repair belongs to the metadata transaction
+    /// that can inspect the current persisted state.
+    async fn targets_base_for_write(&self, bucket: &str) -> Result<BucketTargets, BucketTargetError> {
+        match self.list_bucket_targets(bucket).await {
+            Ok(targets) => Ok(targets),
+            Err(BucketTargetError::BucketRemoteTargetNotFound { .. }) => Ok(BucketTargets::default()),
+            Err(err) => Err(err),
+        }
+    }
+
     pub async fn validate_target(&self, bucket: &str, target: &BucketTarget) -> Result<(), BucketTargetError> {
         if !target.target_type.is_valid() {
             return Err(BucketTargetError::BucketRemoteArnTypeInvalid {
@@ -863,7 +935,9 @@ impl BucketTargetSys {
         Ok(())
     }
 
-    fn upsert_target_entry(
+    /// Merge a validated target into a caller-owned snapshot. The caller must
+    /// protect that snapshot through persistence.
+    pub fn upsert_target_entry(
         bucket_targets: &mut Vec<BucketTarget>,
         target: &BucketTarget,
         update: bool,
@@ -1153,12 +1227,32 @@ impl BucketTargetSys {
         // Remove existing targets
         if let Some(existing_targets) = targets_map.remove(bucket) {
             let mut ssec_map = self.ssec_passthrough_map.write().await;
+            let unchanged_service: HashMap<&str, &BucketTarget> = targets
+                .map(|new_targets| {
+                    new_targets
+                        .targets
+                        .iter()
+                        .map(|target| (target.arn.as_str(), target))
+                        .collect()
+                })
+                .unwrap_or_default();
             for target in existing_targets {
                 arn_remotes_map.remove(&target.arn);
                 health_map.remove(&target.arn);
                 // A rebuilt/edited target may point at a different service:
                 // the SSE-C passthrough verdict must be re-audited from Unknown.
                 ssec_map.remove(&target.arn);
+                // The version-identity verdict survives an edit that keeps the
+                // same remote service (a resync start or a bandwidth change
+                // rewrites the entry in place): forgetting it there would make
+                // the very resync that follows re-drive every object as a
+                // duplicate on a target that mints its own version ids.
+                if unchanged_service
+                    .get(target.arn.as_str())
+                    .is_none_or(|edited| !same_replication_service(edited, &target))
+                {
+                    self.forget_version_identity_capability(&target.arn);
+                }
                 self.update_bandwidth_limit(bucket, &target.arn, 0);
             }
         }
@@ -1227,25 +1321,27 @@ impl BucketTargetSys {
             return (String::new(), false);
         };
 
-        {
-            let targets_map = self.targets_map.read().await;
-            if let Some(targets) = targets_map.get(bucket) {
-                for tgt in targets {
-                    if tgt.target_type == target.target_type
-                        && tgt.target_bucket == target.target_bucket
-                        && target.endpoint == tgt.endpoint
-                        && tgt
-                            .credentials
-                            .as_ref()
-                            .map(|c| {
-                                let default_creds = Credentials::default();
-                                c.access_key == target.credentials.as_ref().unwrap_or(&default_creds).access_key
-                            })
-                            .unwrap_or(false)
-                    {
-                        return (tgt.arn.clone(), true);
-                    }
-                }
+        let targets_map = self.targets_map.read().await;
+        let targets = targets_map.get(bucket).map(Vec::as_slice).unwrap_or_default();
+        Self::remote_arn_for_targets(targets, target, depl_id)
+    }
+
+    /// Resolve create idempotency against the snapshot the caller will persist.
+    pub fn remote_arn_for_targets(targets: &[BucketTarget], target: &BucketTarget, depl_id: &str) -> (String, bool) {
+        for tgt in targets {
+            if tgt.target_type == target.target_type
+                && tgt.target_bucket == target.target_bucket
+                && target.endpoint == tgt.endpoint
+                && tgt
+                    .credentials
+                    .as_ref()
+                    .map(|c| {
+                        let default_creds = Credentials::default();
+                        c.access_key == target.credentials.as_ref().unwrap_or(&default_creds).access_key
+                    })
+                    .unwrap_or(false)
+            {
+                return (tgt.arn.clone(), true);
             }
         }
 
@@ -1273,6 +1369,7 @@ fn generate_arn(t: &BucketTarget, depl_id: &str) -> String {
     arn.to_string()
 }
 
+#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
 pub struct RemoveObjectOptions {
     pub force_delete: bool,
     pub governance_bypass: bool,
@@ -1328,7 +1425,12 @@ fn build_remove_object_headers(version_id: Option<&str>, opts: &RemoveObjectOpti
 /// and silently creates a delete marker instead of removing the version, while
 /// the source stamps `VersionPurgeStatus=Complete` (backlog#799 B8 / #857).
 /// Non-replication callers always pass the version through unchanged.
-fn resolve_delete_api_version_id(version_id: Option<String>, opts: &RemoveObjectOptions) -> Option<String> {
+/// The `versionId` a replicated DELETE puts on the wire: none for a
+/// delete-marker creation (the target mints the marker; the source version
+/// travels in the internal headers for RustFS peers), the addressed version
+/// otherwise. A generic S3 target given the version id on a marker-creation
+/// DELETE would permanently delete that version instead.
+pub fn resolve_delete_api_version_id(version_id: Option<String>, opts: &RemoveObjectOptions) -> Option<String> {
     if opts.replication_request && opts.replication_delete_marker {
         None
     } else {
@@ -1881,6 +1983,125 @@ impl TargetClient {
             .map_err(Box::new)
     }
 
+    /// Candidate replicas by content identity on a target that mints its own
+    /// version ids: page `ListObjectVersions` under the exact key and report
+    /// the live versions whose ETag matches `source_etag`, newest first.
+    /// Delete markers and prefix siblings never match. Bounded to
+    /// [`FIND_VERSION_BY_ETAG_MAX_PAGES`] pages and
+    /// [`FIND_VERSION_BY_ETAG_MAX_MATCHES`] candidates so a key with a very
+    /// deep history cannot turn one convergence check into an unbounded scan;
+    /// a replica beyond that window reads as missing, which only costs a
+    /// re-PUT (today's behaviour), never a lost object.
+    ///
+    /// Content identity is not version identity: two source generations with
+    /// the same bytes have the same ETag. Callers drop the candidates other
+    /// source versions already claim through their ledgers and refuse an
+    /// [`ReplicaLocation::Ambiguous`] remainder before mutating or deleting.
+    pub async fn replica_candidates_by_etag(
+        &self,
+        bucket: &str,
+        object: &str,
+        source_etag: &str,
+    ) -> Result<Vec<String>, Box<SdkError<aws_sdk_s3::operation::list_object_versions::ListObjectVersionsError>>> {
+        let mut key_marker: Option<String> = None;
+        let mut version_id_marker: Option<String> = None;
+        let mut matches: Vec<String> = Vec::new();
+        for _ in 0..FIND_VERSION_BY_ETAG_MAX_PAGES {
+            let page = self
+                .client
+                .list_object_versions()
+                .bucket(bucket)
+                .prefix(object)
+                .max_keys(FIND_VERSION_BY_ETAG_PAGE_SIZE)
+                .set_key_marker(key_marker.take())
+                .set_version_id_marker(version_id_marker.take())
+                .send()
+                .await
+                .map_err(Box::new)?;
+            matches.extend(
+                page.versions()
+                    .iter()
+                    .filter(|version| {
+                        version.key() == Some(object)
+                            && version.version_id().is_some_and(|id| !id.is_empty())
+                            && replication_etags_match(Some(source_etag), version.e_tag())
+                    })
+                    .filter_map(|version| version.version_id().map(str::to_string)),
+            );
+            // A listing that moved past the exact key (every listed key is >=
+            // the prefix), ended, or already filled the candidate cap decides.
+            if matches.len() >= FIND_VERSION_BY_ETAG_MAX_MATCHES
+                || page
+                    .versions()
+                    .iter()
+                    .any(|version| version.key().is_some_and(|key| key > object))
+                || !page.is_truncated().unwrap_or(false)
+            {
+                break;
+            }
+            key_marker = page.next_key_marker().map(str::to_string);
+            version_id_marker = page.next_version_id_marker().map(str::to_string);
+            if key_marker.is_none() {
+                break;
+            }
+        }
+        matches.truncate(FIND_VERSION_BY_ETAG_MAX_MATCHES);
+        Ok(matches)
+    }
+
+    /// PutObjectRetention against a replica version on a target that does not
+    /// take retention through the replication PUT's own headers (it mints its
+    /// own version ids, so a re-PUT would create another version instead of
+    /// updating this one). Anti-loop marker always added.
+    pub async fn put_object_retention(
+        &self,
+        bucket: &str,
+        object: &str,
+        version_id: Option<String>,
+        mode: ObjectLockRetentionMode,
+        retain_until: aws_sdk_s3::primitives::DateTime,
+    ) -> Result<PutObjectRetentionOutput, Box<SdkError<PutObjectRetentionError>>> {
+        let headers = proxy_outbound_headers(HeaderMap::new());
+        self.client
+            .put_object_retention()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .key(object)
+            .set_version_id(resolve_read_api_version_id(version_id))
+            .retention(
+                ObjectLockRetention::builder()
+                    .mode(mode)
+                    .retain_until_date(retain_until)
+                    .build(),
+            )
+            .customize()
+            .map_request(move |req| apply_extra_headers(req, &headers))
+            .send()
+            .await
+            .map_err(Box::new)
+    }
+
+    /// PutObjectLegalHold counterpart of [`Self::put_object_retention`].
+    pub async fn put_object_legal_hold(
+        &self,
+        bucket: &str,
+        object: &str,
+        version_id: Option<String>,
+        status: ObjectLockLegalHoldStatus,
+    ) -> Result<PutObjectLegalHoldOutput, Box<SdkError<PutObjectLegalHoldError>>> {
+        let headers = proxy_outbound_headers(HeaderMap::new());
+        self.client
+            .put_object_legal_hold()
+            .bucket(bucket)
+            .key(object)
+            .set_version_id(resolve_read_api_version_id(version_id))
+            .legal_hold(ObjectLockLegalHold::builder().status(status).build())
+            .customize()
+            .map_request(move |req| apply_extra_headers(req, &headers))
+            .send()
+            .await
+            .map_err(Box::new)
+    }
+
     /// HEAD used by the read-proxy path (GET/HEAD of an object not yet
     /// replicated locally, MinIO `proxyHeadToRepTarget`).
     ///
@@ -2053,7 +2274,15 @@ impl TargetClient {
             }
         }
 
-        match builder
+        // A forwarded source checksum is this PUT's integrity header. In
+        // streaming-checksum mode (`RUSTFS_REPLICATION_STREAMING_CHECKSUMS`)
+        // the SDK would still add its default CRC32 trailer, and a target that
+        // receives both keeps the trailer's algorithm: a forwarded SHA256
+        // vanished from the replica while the source reported COMPLETED. Pin
+        // this request to WhenRequired so nothing is sent beside the source's
+        // own checksum.
+        let forwards_source_checksum = headers.keys().any(|name| name.as_str().starts_with("x-amz-checksum-"));
+        let mut operation = builder
             .bucket(bucket)
             .key(object)
             .content_length(size)
@@ -2073,10 +2302,14 @@ impl TargetClient {
                 }
 
                 Result::<_, aws_smithy_types::error::operation::BuildError>::Ok(req)
-            })
-            .send()
-            .await
-        {
+            });
+        if forwards_source_checksum {
+            operation = operation.config_override(
+                aws_sdk_s3::config::Builder::new()
+                    .request_checksum_calculation(aws_sdk_s3::config::RequestChecksumCalculation::WhenRequired),
+            );
+        }
+        match operation.send().await {
             Ok(output) => {
                 // Under SSE-KMS/DSSE or SSE-C the target's ETag is not the MD5
                 // of the stored plaintext, so it cannot be compared against the
@@ -2320,6 +2553,45 @@ impl TargetClient {
     }
 }
 
+/// Where a replica stands on a target that mints its own version ids, by
+/// content identity (exact key + ETag) after the candidates other source
+/// versions claim were removed. See
+/// [`TargetClient::replica_candidates_by_etag`].
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
+pub enum ReplicaLocation {
+    /// No live version under the key carries the source ETag.
+    Missing,
+    /// Exactly one live version carries it: safe to address.
+    Unique(String),
+    /// More than one live version carries it (same bytes replicated for
+    /// several source generations). `newest` is the most recently listed
+    /// one — good enough to prove the replica exists, never good enough to
+    /// pick which one to mutate or delete.
+    Ambiguous { newest: String },
+}
+
+impl ReplicaLocation {
+    /// `matches` newest first, as the target listed them.
+    pub fn from_matches(mut matches: Vec<String>) -> Self {
+        match matches.len() {
+            0 => Self::Missing,
+            1 => Self::Unique(matches.remove(0)),
+            _ => Self::Ambiguous {
+                newest: matches.remove(0),
+            },
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// The version to read for existence/ETag checks, where an ambiguous
+    /// match is still a located replica.
+    pub fn any_version_id(&self) -> Option<&str> {
+        match self {
+            Self::Missing => None,
+            Self::Unique(version_id) | Self::Ambiguous { newest: version_id } => Some(version_id),
+        }
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Debug)]
 pub enum BucketTargetError {
     BucketRemoteTargetNotFound {
@@ -2496,13 +2768,21 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     fn header_recording_target_client(response_headers: Vec<(String, String)>) -> (TargetClient, RecordedHeaders) {
+        header_recording_target_client_with_checksums(response_headers, replication_request_checksum_calculation())
+    }
+
+    fn header_recording_target_client_with_checksums(
+        response_headers: Vec<(String, String)>,
+        checksums: RequestChecksumCalculation,
+    ) -> (TargetClient, RecordedHeaders) {
         let request_headers: RecordedHeaders = Arc::new(std::sync::Mutex::new(Vec::new()));
         let connector = SharedHttpConnector::new(RecordingHeaderConnector {
             request_headers: Arc::clone(&request_headers),
             response_headers,
         });
         let http_client = http_client_fn(move |_settings, _components| connector.clone());
-        let client = s3_client_for_test(443, Some(http_client));
+        let client =
+            s3_client_for_endpoint_test_with_checksums("https://localhost:443".to_string(), Some(http_client), checksums);
         (
             TargetClient {
                 endpoint: "https://localhost:443".to_string(),
@@ -2669,6 +2949,47 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    /// With streaming checksums enabled the SDK adds a CRC32 trailer to every
+    /// upload. A PUT that forwards the source's checksum must not get that
+    /// second algorithm: a target that receives both keeps the trailer's and
+    /// the forwarded SHA256 never reaches the replica (rustfs/backlog#2340).
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn streaming_put_object_with_forwarded_checksum_sends_no_sdk_checksum() {
+        let (client, recorded) =
+            header_recording_target_client_with_checksums(Vec::new(), RequestChecksumCalculation::WhenSupported);
+        let mut forwarded = PutObjectOptions::default();
+        forwarded.user_metadata.insert(
+            "x-amz-checksum-sha256".to_string(),
+            "OoJ3yNhRwv3wwtZoGqEIPrPX9xwTnfLl+ka0wStN1g0=".to_string(),
+        );
+        client
+            .put_object("target-bucket", "object", 4, streaming_test_body(b"data"), &forwarded)
+            .await
+            .expect("recorded put_object should succeed");
+        client
+            .put_object("target-bucket", "object", 4, streaming_test_body(b"data"), &PutObjectOptions::default())
+            .await
+            .expect("recorded put_object should succeed");
+        let recorded = recorded.lock().expect("recorded header lock should not be poisoned");
+        let with_forwarded = &recorded[0];
+        assert_eq!(
+            recorded_header(with_forwarded, "x-amz-checksum-sha256"),
+            Some("OoJ3yNhRwv3wwtZoGqEIPrPX9xwTnfLl+ka0wStN1g0=")
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            recorded_header(with_forwarded, "x-amz-trailer"),
+            None,
+            "the SDK must not add a trailer checksum"
+        );
+        assert_eq!(recorded_header(with_forwarded, "x-amz-sdk-checksum-algorithm"), None);
+        // Control: the same client still streams a trailer when nothing is forwarded.
+        let without_forwarded = &recorded[1];
+        assert!(
+            recorded_header(without_forwarded, "x-amz-trailer").is_some(),
+            "streaming mode must still apply to uploads without a forwarded checksum: {without_forwarded:?}"
+        );
+    }
+
     /// A forwarded source checksum already satisfies the rule; nothing is added.
     #[tokio::test]
     async fn locked_put_object_keeps_a_forwarded_source_checksum() {
@@ -3034,6 +3355,14 @@ mod tests {
     }
 
     fn s3_client_for_endpoint_test(endpoint: String, http_client: Option<SharedHttpClient>) -> S3Client {
+        s3_client_for_endpoint_test_with_checksums(endpoint, http_client, replication_request_checksum_calculation())
+    }
+
+    fn s3_client_for_endpoint_test_with_checksums(
+        endpoint: String,
+        http_client: Option<SharedHttpClient>,
+        checksums: RequestChecksumCalculation,
+    ) -> S3Client {
         let credentials = SdkCredentials::builder()
             .access_key_id("test-access")
             .secret_access_key("test-secret")
@@ -3047,7 +3376,7 @@ mod tests {
             .behavior_version(aws_sdk_s3::config::BehaviorVersion::latest())
             // Mirror the production remote-target builder so recorded requests
             // exercise the same checksum/framing behavior (#6853).
-            .request_checksum_calculation(replication_request_checksum_calculation());
+            .request_checksum_calculation(checksums);
         if let Some(http_client) = http_client {
             config = config.http_client(http_client);
         }
@@ -3210,6 +3539,64 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(message.contains("connection refused"));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn same_replication_service_ignores_resync_and_bandwidth_edits() {
+        let base = BucketTarget {
+            endpoint: "target.example:9000".to_string(),
+            target_bucket: "replica".to_string(),
+            secure: true,
+            path: "on".to_string(),
+            arn: "arn:rustfs:replication:us-east-1:bucket:same".to_string(),
+            credentials: Some(Credentials {
+                access_key: "access".to_string(),
+                ..Default::default()
+            }),
+            ..Default::default()
+        };
+        let resync_edit = BucketTarget {
+            reset_id: "reset-1".to_string(),
+            bandwidth_limit: 1024,
+            ..base.clone()
+        };
+        assert!(same_replication_service(&resync_edit, &base));
+        for moved in [
+            BucketTarget {
+                endpoint: "other.example:9000".to_string(),
+                ..base.clone()
+            },
+            BucketTarget {
+                target_bucket: "other".to_string(),
+                ..base.clone()
+            },
+            BucketTarget {
+                secure: false,
+                ..base.clone()
+            },
+            BucketTarget {
+                credentials: Some(Credentials {
+                    access_key: "rotated".to_string(),
+                    ..Default::default()
+                }),
+                ..base.clone()
+            },
+        ] {
+            assert!(!same_replication_service(&moved, &base));
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn version_identity_verdict_is_per_arn_and_forgotten_with_the_target() {
+        let sys = BucketTargetSys::default();
+        let arn = "arn:rustfs:replication:us-east-1:bucket:identity";
+        assert_eq!(sys.version_identity_capability(arn), VersionIdentityCapability::Unknown);
+        sys.record_version_identity_capability(arn, VersionIdentityCapability::MintsOwn);
+        assert_eq!(sys.version_identity_capability(arn), VersionIdentityCapability::MintsOwn);
+        assert_eq!(sys.version_identity_capability("other"), VersionIdentityCapability::Unknown);
+        // A rebuilt target may point at a different service.
+        sys.forget_version_identity_capability(arn);
+        assert_eq!(sys.version_identity_capability(arn), VersionIdentityCapability::Unknown);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn endpoint_health_key_preserves_explicit_port() {
         let url = Url::parse("https://remote.example:9443").expect("url should parse");
@@ -4313,4 +4700,41 @@ mod tests {
         let window = LastMinuteLatency::new();
         assert_eq!(window.get_total().avg, Duration::from_secs(0));
     }
+
+    fn repair_target(bucket: &str, id: &str) -> BucketTarget {
+        BucketTarget {
+            source_bucket: bucket.to_string(),
+            endpoint: "remote.example.com".to_string(),
+            target_bucket: "remote".to_string(),
+            arn: format!("arn:rustfs:replication:us-east-1:{bucket}:{id}"),
+            target_type: BucketTargetType::ReplicationService,
+            region: "us-east-1".to_string(),
+            ..Default::default()
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn an_unreadable_target_set_refuses_cached_writes() {
+        let sys = BucketTargetSys::default();
+        let bucket = "targets-repair-opt-in";
+        sys.mark_targets_unreadable(bucket).await;
+        assert!(matches!(
+            sys.targets_base_for_write(bucket).await,
+            Err(BucketTargetError::BucketRemoteTargetsUnreadable { .. })
+        ));
+    }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn a_readable_target_set_remains_the_write_base() {
+        let sys = BucketTargetSys::default();
+        let bucket = "targets-repair-readable";
+        let existing = repair_target(bucket, "keep");
+        sys.targets_map
+            .write()
+            .await
+            .insert(bucket.to_string(), vec![existing.clone()]);
+        let base = sys.targets_base_for_write(bucket).await.expect("read targets");
+        assert_eq!(base.targets.len(), 1);
+        assert_eq!(base.targets[0].arn, existing.arn);
+    }
 }

crates/ecstore/src/bucket/lifecycle/bucket_lifecycle_ops.rs

@@ -32,6 +32,7 @@ use crate::bucket::lifecycle::manual_transition_job::{
     record_manual_transition_worker_result_with_reason, renew_manual_transition_job_lease_if_owned,
     save_manual_transition_job_record_if_current, save_manual_transition_task_if_absent, update_manual_transition_job_record,
 };
+use crate::bucket::lifecycle::recovery_disposition_runtime::run_recovery_disposition_maintenance_loop;
 use crate::bucket::lifecycle::replication_sink;
 use crate::bucket::lifecycle::replication_sink::{
     DeleteReplicationConfigSnapshot, ReplicationObjectBridge, ReplicationStatusType, replication_state_to_filemeta,
@@ -149,6 +150,19 @@ pub type ExpiryOpType = Box<dyn ExpiryOp + Send + Sync + 'static>;
 static XXHASH_SEED: u64 = 0;
 static TIER_FREE_VERSION_RECOVERY_STARTED: OnceLock<()> = OnceLock::new();
 static MANUAL_TRANSITION_JOB_RECOVERY_STARTED: OnceLock<()> = OnceLock::new();
+static RECOVERY_DISPOSITION_MAINTENANCE_STARTED: OnceLock<()> = OnceLock::new();
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+#[derive(Default)]
+struct FreeVersionPostRemoteDeleteTestBarrier {
+    arrived: Notify,
+    release: Notify,
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+tokio::task_local! {
+    static FREE_VERSION_POST_REMOTE_DELETE_TEST_BARRIER: Arc<FreeVersionPostRemoteDeleteTestBarrier>;
+}
 
 pub const AMZ_OBJECT_TAGGING: &str = "X-Amz-Tagging";
 #[allow(
@@ -910,6 +924,11 @@ async fn cleanup_free_version_exact(api: Arc<ECStore>, oi: &ObjectInfo, cancel:
             })??;
         }
     }
+    #[cfg(test)]
+    if let Ok(barrier) = FREE_VERSION_POST_REMOTE_DELETE_TEST_BARRIER.try_with(Arc::clone) {
+        barrier.arrived.notify_one();
+        barrier.release.notified().await;
+    }
     if !free_version_cleanup_fences_current(&topology_generation, &api, &bucket_guard, &object_guards, &lease, cancel, deadline) {
         // Remote DELETE is idempotent, but a changed fence makes the local
         // outcome ambiguous. Keep every marker for a fully fenced retry.
@@ -2381,9 +2400,20 @@ pub async fn init_background_expiry(api: Arc<ECStore>) {
     let _ = spawn_tier_free_version_recovery_once(api.clone(), &TIER_FREE_VERSION_RECOVERY_STARTED);
     spawn_tier_delete_journal_recovery_once(api.clone());
     spawn_transition_transaction_recovery_once(api.clone());
+    spawn_recovery_disposition_maintenance_once(api.clone());
     spawn_manual_transition_job_recovery_once(api);
 }
 
+fn spawn_recovery_disposition_maintenance_once(api: Arc<ECStore>) -> Option<JoinHandle<()>> {
+    let cancel_token = api.ctx.background_cancel_token()?;
+    if RECOVERY_DISPOSITION_MAINTENANCE_STARTED.set(()).is_err() {
+        return None;
+    }
+    Some(tokio::spawn(async move {
+        run_recovery_disposition_maintenance_loop(api, cancel_token).await;
+    }))
+}
+
 fn spawn_manual_transition_job_recovery_once(api: Arc<ECStore>) -> Option<JoinHandle<()>> {
     if MANUAL_TRANSITION_JOB_RECOVERY_STARTED.set(()).is_err() {
         return None;
@@ -5831,7 +5861,7 @@ mod tests {
     #[cfg(feature = "test-util")]
     use crate::services::tier::test_util::register_mock_tier;
     #[cfg(feature = "test-util")]
-    use crate::services::tier::tier::TierConfigMgr;
+    use crate::services::tier::tier::{TIER_DRIVER_TEST_FACTORY, TierConfigMgr, TierDriverTestFactory};
     #[cfg(feature = "test-util")]
     use crate::services::tier::warm_backend::{TransitionCandidateProbe, WarmBackend as _};
     use crate::set_disk::{MultipartCommitBarrier, MultipartCommitPause};
@@ -7830,6 +7860,119 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    #[cfg(feature = "test-util")]
+    #[tokio::test]
+    #[serial]
+    async fn tier_remove_waits_for_inflight_free_version_local_commit() {
+        let (disk_paths, ecstore) = setup_test_env().await;
+        let bucket = format!("tier-remove-free-version-{}", Uuid::new_v4());
+        let object = "free-version";
+        create_test_bucket(&ecstore, &bucket).await;
+        let (backend, identity_hex) = register_recovery_mock_tier(&ecstore).await;
+        let tier_manager = ecstore.tier_config_mgr();
+        {
+            let manager = tier_manager.read().await;
+            manager
+                .save_tiering_config(Arc::clone(&ecstore))
+                .await
+                .expect("mock tier configuration should persist before removal");
+        }
+        seed_recoverable_free_version(&disk_paths, &bucket, object, None, Some(identity_hex)).await;
+        let page = list_tier_free_versions(Arc::clone(&ecstore), 1, None, None, CancellationToken::new())
+            .await
+            .expect("seeded free version should be listed");
+        let oi = page
+            .items
+            .into_iter()
+            .next()
+            .expect("seeded free version should be recoverable");
+
+        backend
+            .set_put_remote_version(Some(oi.transitioned_object.version_id.clone()))
+            .await;
+        let seed_lease = TierConfigMgr::acquire_operation_lease(&tier_manager, "WARM")
+            .await
+            .expect("mock tier lease should be available");
+        seed_lease
+            .put(&oi.transitioned_object.name, ReaderImpl::Body(Bytes::from_static(b"body")), 4)
+            .await
+            .expect("remote free-version tuple should be seeded");
+        drop(seed_lease);
+
+        let barrier = Arc::new(super::FreeVersionPostRemoteDeleteTestBarrier::default());
+        let cleanup_barrier = Arc::clone(&barrier);
+        let cleanup_store = Arc::clone(&ecstore);
+        let cleanup_oi = oi.clone();
+        let cleanup = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            super::FREE_VERSION_POST_REMOTE_DELETE_TEST_BARRIER
+                .scope(cleanup_barrier, async move {
+                    super::cleanup_free_version_exact(cleanup_store, &cleanup_oi, &CancellationToken::new()).await
+                })
+                .await
+        });
+        tokio::time::timeout(StdDuration::from_secs(30), barrier.arrived.notified())
+            .await
+            .expect("free-version cleanup should pause after the remote delete");
+        assert!(!backend.contains(&oi.transitioned_object.name).await);
+
+        let remove_manager = Arc::clone(&tier_manager);
+        let remove_store = Arc::clone(&ecstore);
+        let remove_backend = backend.clone();
+        let remove_driver_factory: TierDriverTestFactory = Arc::new(move |_| Ok(Box::new(remove_backend.clone())));
+        let mut remove = tokio::spawn(async move {
+            TIER_DRIVER_TEST_FACTORY
+                .scope(
+                    remove_driver_factory,
+                    TierConfigMgr::remove_and_save(&remove_manager, remove_store, "WARM", true),
+                )
+                .await
+        });
+        let prepared = tokio::time::timeout(StdDuration::from_secs(30), async {
+            loop {
+                match TierConfigMgr::acquire_operation_lease(&tier_manager, "WARM").await {
+                    Ok(lease) => drop(lease),
+                    Err(err) if TierConfigMgr::operation_lease_blocked_by_mutation(&err) => break,
+                    Err(err) => panic!("tier remove should only block new operations while cleanup is paused: {err}"),
+                }
+                tokio::task::yield_now().await;
+            }
+        });
+        tokio::select! {
+            prepared = prepared => {
+                prepared.expect("tier remove should install its prepared admission fence");
+            }
+            result = &mut remove => {
+                panic!("tier remove finished before installing its prepared admission fence: {result:?}");
+            }
+        }
+        assert!(!remove.is_finished(), "tier remove must wait for the leased local cleanup commit");
+
+        barrier.release.notify_one();
+        tokio::time::timeout(StdDuration::from_secs(30), cleanup)
+            .await
+            .expect("free-version cleanup should finish after release")
+            .expect("free-version cleanup task should join")
+            .expect("free-version cleanup should keep its generation current");
+        tokio::time::timeout(StdDuration::from_secs(30), remove)
+            .await
+            .expect("tier remove should finish after local cleanup")
+            .expect("tier remove task should join")
+            .expect("tier remove should pass its fresh authoritative proof");
+
+        assert!(!tier_manager.read().await.is_tier_valid("WARM"));
+        for disk_path in &disk_paths {
+            assert!(
+                !fs::try_exists(disk_path.join(&bucket).join(object))
+                    .await
+                    .expect("post-removal free-version path check should succeed")
+            );
+        }
+        ecstore
+            .delete_bucket(&bucket, &DeleteBucketOptions::default())
+            .await
+            .expect("empty free-version test bucket should be removed");
+    }
+
     #[cfg(feature = "test-util")]
     #[tokio::test]
     #[serial]

crates/ecstore/src/bucket/lifecycle/config_boundary.rs

@@ -41,6 +41,21 @@ where
     com::read_config(api, file).await
 }
 
+pub(crate) async fn read_config_limited_preserve_empty<S>(api: Arc<S>, file: &str, max_bytes: usize) -> Result<Vec<u8>>
+where
+    S: ObjectIO<
+            Error = Error,
+            RangeSpec = HTTPRangeSpec,
+            HeaderMap = HeaderMap,
+            ObjectOptions = ObjectOptions,
+            ObjectInfo = ObjectInfo,
+            GetObjectReader = GetObjectReader,
+            PutObjectReader = PutObjReader,
+        >,
+{
+    com::read_config_limited_preserve_empty(api, file, max_bytes).await
+}
+
 pub(crate) async fn read_config_with_metadata<S>(api: Arc<S>, file: &str, opts: &ObjectOptions) -> Result<(Vec<u8>, ObjectInfo)>
 where
     S: ObjectIO<
@@ -56,6 +71,26 @@ where
     com::read_config_with_metadata(api, file, opts).await
 }
 
+pub(crate) async fn read_config_limited_preserve_empty_with_metadata<S>(
+    api: Arc<S>,
+    file: &str,
+    opts: &ObjectOptions,
+    max_bytes: usize,
+) -> Result<(Vec<u8>, ObjectInfo)>
+where
+    S: ObjectIO<
+            Error = Error,
+            RangeSpec = HTTPRangeSpec,
+            HeaderMap = HeaderMap,
+            ObjectOptions = ObjectOptions,
+            ObjectInfo = ObjectInfo,
+            GetObjectReader = GetObjectReader,
+            PutObjectReader = PutObjReader,
+        >,
+{
+    com::read_config_limited_preserve_empty_with_metadata_opts(api, file, opts, max_bytes).await
+}
+
 pub(crate) async fn save_config<S>(api: Arc<S>, file: &str, data: Vec<u8>) -> Result<()>
 where
     S: ObjectIO<
@@ -126,20 +161,30 @@ where
             DeletedObject = DeletedObject,
         >,
 {
-    match api
-        .delete_object(
-            RUSTFS_META_BUCKET,
-            file,
-            ObjectOptions {
-                http_preconditions: Some(HTTPPreconditions {
-                    if_match: Some(etag.to_string()),
-                    ..Default::default()
-                }),
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-        )
-        .await
-    {
+    delete_config_if_match_with_opts(api, file, etag, ObjectOptions::default()).await
+}
+
+pub(crate) async fn delete_config_if_match_with_opts<S>(
+    api: Arc<S>,
+    file: &str,
+    etag: &str,
+    mut options: ObjectOptions,
+) -> Result<()>
+where
+    S: ObjectOperations<
+            Error = Error,
+            ObjectInfo = ObjectInfo,
+            ObjectOptions = ObjectOptions,
+            FileInfo = FileInfo,
+            ObjectToDelete = ObjectToDelete,
+            DeletedObject = DeletedObject,
+        >,
+{
+    options.http_preconditions = Some(HTTPPreconditions {
+        if_match: Some(etag.to_string()),
+        ..Default::default()
+    });
+    match api.delete_object(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, file, options).await {
         Ok(_) => Ok(()),
         Err(err) => {
             if err == Error::FileNotFound || matches!(err, Error::ObjectNotFound(_, _)) {

crates/ecstore/src/bucket/lifecycle/core.rs

@@ -15,9 +15,9 @@
 use crate::object_api::ObjectInfo;
 
 pub use rustfs_lifecycle::{
-    Event, ExpirationOptions, IlmAction, Lifecycle, LifecycleCalculate, ObjectOpts, RuleValidate, TRANSITION_COMPLETE,
-    TRANSITION_PENDING, TransitionOptions, abort_incomplete_multipart_upload_due, expected_expiry_time,
-    expiration_action_has_valid_target,
+    Event, ExpirationOptions, IlmAction, LIFECYCLE_MALFORMED_XML_ERROR_KIND, Lifecycle, LifecycleCalculate, ObjectOpts,
+    RuleValidate, TRANSITION_COMPLETE, TRANSITION_PENDING, TransitionOptions, abort_incomplete_multipart_upload_due,
+    expected_expiry_time, expiration_action_has_valid_target,
 };
 
 pub fn object_opts_from_object_info(oi: &ObjectInfo) -> ObjectOpts {

crates/ecstore/src/bucket/lifecycle/durable_namespace.rs

@@ -22,7 +22,7 @@ use super::{
     bucket_lifecycle_ops::{
         ManualTransitionQueueSnapshot, ManualTransitionRunReport, decode_manual_transition_continuation_token,
     },
-    manual_transition_job, tier_delete_journal, transition_transaction,
+    manual_transition_job, recovery_control, recovery_disposition, recovery_export, tier_delete_journal, transition_transaction,
 };
 use crate::error::{Error, Result};
 use crate::services::tier::tier_probe_intent;
@@ -41,6 +41,9 @@ pub(crate) enum DurableIlmRecordKind {
     ManualTransitionScope,
     ManualTransitionTask,
     ManualTransitionWorkerResult,
+    RecoveryControl,
+    RecoveryExport,
+    RecoveryDisposition,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Copy, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -105,8 +108,26 @@ pub(crate) const MANUAL_TRANSITION_WORKER_RESULT_NAMESPACE: DurableIlmNamespace
     max_record_size: manual_transition_job::MAX_MANUAL_TRANSITION_WORKER_RESULT_RECORD_SIZE,
     kind: DurableIlmRecordKind::ManualTransitionWorkerResult,
 };
+pub(crate) const RECOVERY_CONTROL_NAMESPACE: DurableIlmNamespace = DurableIlmNamespace {
+    name: "recovery-control",
+    prefix: recovery_control::ILM_RECOVERY_CONTROL_PREFIX,
+    max_record_size: recovery_control::MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_CONTROL_SIZE,
+    kind: DurableIlmRecordKind::RecoveryControl,
+};
+pub(crate) const RECOVERY_EXPORT_NAMESPACE: DurableIlmNamespace = DurableIlmNamespace {
+    name: "recovery-export",
+    prefix: recovery_export::ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_PREFIX,
+    max_record_size: recovery_export::MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_SIZE,
+    kind: DurableIlmRecordKind::RecoveryExport,
+};
+pub(crate) const RECOVERY_DISPOSITION_NAMESPACE: DurableIlmNamespace = DurableIlmNamespace {
+    name: "recovery-disposition",
+    prefix: recovery_disposition::ILM_RECOVERY_DISPOSITION_PREFIX,
+    max_record_size: recovery_disposition::MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_DISPOSITION_SIZE,
+    kind: DurableIlmRecordKind::RecoveryDisposition,
+};
 
-pub(crate) const DURABLE_ILM_NAMESPACES: [DurableIlmNamespace; 9] = [
+pub(crate) const DURABLE_ILM_NAMESPACES: [DurableIlmNamespace; 12] = [
     TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_NAMESPACE,
     TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V6_NAMESPACE,
     TIER_DELETE_DISPATCH_MANIFEST_NAMESPACE,
@@ -116,6 +137,9 @@ pub(crate) const DURABLE_ILM_NAMESPACES: [DurableIlmNamespace; 9] = [
     MANUAL_TRANSITION_SCOPE_NAMESPACE,
     MANUAL_TRANSITION_TASK_NAMESPACE,
     MANUAL_TRANSITION_WORKER_RESULT_NAMESPACE,
+    RECOVERY_CONTROL_NAMESPACE,
+    RECOVERY_EXPORT_NAMESPACE,
+    RECOVERY_DISPOSITION_NAMESPACE,
 ];
 
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq)]
@@ -241,6 +265,40 @@ pub(crate) enum DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint {
     ManualTransitionWorkerResult {
         content_sha256: String,
     },
+    RecoveryControl {
+        content_sha256: String,
+        identity_sha256: String,
+        source_generation_sha256: String,
+        first_seen_at_unix_nanos: i64,
+        revision: u64,
+        classification: recovery_control::IlmRecoveryClassification,
+        attempt_count: u64,
+        consecutive_failure_count: u32,
+        #[serde(default, skip_serializing_if = "Option::is_none")]
+        owner_fence_sha256: Option<String>,
+    },
+    RecoveryExport {
+        content_sha256: String,
+        source_generation_sha256: String,
+        topology_generation: String,
+        member_epochs_sha256: String,
+        creator_sha256: String,
+        retain_until_unix_nanos: i64,
+    },
+    RecoveryDisposition {
+        content_sha256: String,
+        identity_sha256: String,
+        copy_manifest_sha256: String,
+        copy_manifest_count: usize,
+        created_at_unix_nanos: i64,
+        revision: u64,
+        state: recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState,
+        owner_fence_sha256: Option<String>,
+        owner_lease_acquired_at_unix_nanos: Option<i64>,
+        owner_lease_expires_at_unix_nanos: Option<i64>,
+        confirmed_absent_sha256: Vec<String>,
+        retain_until_unix_nanos: i64,
+    },
 }
 
 impl DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint {
@@ -254,7 +312,10 @@ impl DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint {
             | Self::ManualTransitionJob { content_sha256, .. }
             | Self::ManualTransitionScope { content_sha256, .. }
             | Self::ManualTransitionTask { content_sha256 }
-            | Self::ManualTransitionWorkerResult { content_sha256 } => content_sha256,
+            | Self::ManualTransitionWorkerResult { content_sha256 }
+            | Self::RecoveryControl { content_sha256, .. }
+            | Self::RecoveryExport { content_sha256, .. }
+            | Self::RecoveryDisposition { content_sha256, .. } => content_sha256,
         }
     }
 
@@ -295,6 +356,9 @@ impl DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint {
             {
                 return Err(Error::other("durable ILM tier delete journal checkpoint is invalid"));
             }
+            if !recovery_disposition_checkpoint_is_valid(checkpoint) {
+                return Err(Error::other("durable ILM recovery disposition checkpoint is invalid"));
+            }
         }
         if self == next {
             if let Self::ManualTransitionJob {
@@ -435,9 +499,7 @@ impl DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint {
                 },
             ) => {
                 previous_identity == next_identity
-                    && transition_state_distance(*previous_state, *next_state)
-                        .and_then(|distance| previous_revision.checked_add(distance))
-                        .is_some_and(|expected_revision| *next_revision == expected_revision)
+                    && transition_state_revision_is_successor(*previous_state, *previous_revision, *next_state, *next_revision)
                     && (!previous_remote_version_known || previous_remote_version == next_remote_version)
             }
             (
@@ -528,6 +590,128 @@ impl DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint {
                     ..
                 },
             ) => previous_identity == next_identity && next_updated_at > previous_updated_at,
+            (
+                Self::RecoveryControl {
+                    identity_sha256: previous_identity,
+                    source_generation_sha256: previous_generation,
+                    first_seen_at_unix_nanos: previous_first_seen,
+                    revision: previous_revision,
+                    classification: previous_classification,
+                    attempt_count: previous_attempts,
+                    consecutive_failure_count: previous_failures,
+                    owner_fence_sha256: previous_owner,
+                    ..
+                },
+                Self::RecoveryControl {
+                    identity_sha256: next_identity,
+                    source_generation_sha256: next_generation,
+                    first_seen_at_unix_nanos: next_first_seen,
+                    revision: next_revision,
+                    classification: next_classification,
+                    attempt_count: next_attempts,
+                    consecutive_failure_count: next_failures,
+                    owner_fence_sha256: next_owner,
+                    ..
+                },
+            ) => {
+                let adjacent = previous_identity == next_identity
+                    && previous_first_seen == next_first_seen
+                    && previous_revision.checked_add(1) == Some(*next_revision);
+                let claim = next_owner.is_some()
+                    && *previous_classification == recovery_control::IlmRecoveryClassification::Retrying
+                    && *next_classification == recovery_control::IlmRecoveryClassification::Retrying
+                    && previous_attempts.checked_add(1) == Some(*next_attempts)
+                    && previous_failures == next_failures;
+                let source_refresh = previous_owner.is_some()
+                    && previous_owner == next_owner
+                    && *previous_classification == recovery_control::IlmRecoveryClassification::Retrying
+                    && *next_classification == recovery_control::IlmRecoveryClassification::Retrying
+                    && previous_attempts == next_attempts
+                    && previous_failures == next_failures
+                    && previous_generation != next_generation;
+                let completion = previous_owner.is_some()
+                    && next_owner.is_none()
+                    && previous_generation == next_generation
+                    && previous_attempts == next_attempts;
+                adjacent && (claim || source_refresh || completion)
+            }
+            (
+                Self::RecoveryDisposition {
+                    identity_sha256: previous_identity,
+                    copy_manifest_sha256: previous_manifest,
+                    copy_manifest_count: previous_manifest_count,
+                    created_at_unix_nanos: previous_created_at,
+                    revision: previous_revision,
+                    state: previous_state,
+                    owner_fence_sha256: previous_owner,
+                    owner_lease_acquired_at_unix_nanos: previous_owner_acquired,
+                    owner_lease_expires_at_unix_nanos: previous_owner_expires,
+                    confirmed_absent_sha256: previous_confirmed,
+                    retain_until_unix_nanos: previous_retain_until,
+                    ..
+                },
+                Self::RecoveryDisposition {
+                    identity_sha256: next_identity,
+                    copy_manifest_sha256: next_manifest,
+                    copy_manifest_count: next_manifest_count,
+                    created_at_unix_nanos: next_created_at,
+                    revision: next_revision,
+                    state: next_state,
+                    owner_fence_sha256: next_owner,
+                    owner_lease_acquired_at_unix_nanos: next_owner_acquired,
+                    owner_lease_expires_at_unix_nanos: next_owner_expires,
+                    confirmed_absent_sha256: next_confirmed,
+                    retain_until_unix_nanos: next_retain_until,
+                    ..
+                },
+            ) => {
+                use recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState::{Applying, Completed, Prepared};
+
+                let immutable_identity_matches = previous_identity == next_identity
+                    && previous_manifest == next_manifest
+                    && previous_manifest_count == next_manifest_count
+                    && previous_created_at == next_created_at
+                    && previous_retain_until == next_retain_until;
+                let adjacent = previous_revision.checked_add(1) == Some(*next_revision);
+                let progress_is_monotonic = sorted_sha256_set_is_subset(previous_confirmed, next_confirmed);
+                let legal_edge = match (previous_state, next_state) {
+                    (Prepared, Prepared) => {
+                        let claim = previous_owner.is_none() && next_owner.is_some();
+                        let takeover = previous_owner.is_some()
+                            && previous_owner != next_owner
+                            && previous_owner_expires
+                                .zip(*next_owner_acquired)
+                                .is_some_and(|(expires, acquired)| acquired >= expires);
+                        previous_confirmed == next_confirmed && (claim || takeover)
+                    }
+                    (Prepared, Applying) => {
+                        previous_confirmed == next_confirmed
+                            && previous_owner.is_some()
+                            && previous_owner == next_owner
+                            && previous_owner_acquired == next_owner_acquired
+                            && previous_owner_expires == next_owner_expires
+                    }
+                    (Applying, Applying) => {
+                        let progress = previous_owner == next_owner
+                            && previous_owner_acquired == next_owner_acquired
+                            && previous_owner_expires == next_owner_expires
+                            && previous_confirmed.len().checked_add(1) == Some(next_confirmed.len());
+                        let takeover = previous_owner.is_some()
+                            && previous_owner != next_owner
+                            && previous_confirmed == next_confirmed
+                            && previous_owner_expires
+                                .zip(*next_owner_acquired)
+                                .is_some_and(|(expires, acquired)| acquired >= expires);
+                        progress || takeover
+                    }
+                    (Applying, Completed) => {
+                        previous_owner.is_some() && next_owner.is_none() && previous_confirmed == next_confirmed
+                    }
+                    _ => false,
+                };
+
+                immutable_identity_matches && adjacent && progress_is_monotonic && legal_edge
+            }
             _ => false,
         };
 
@@ -545,6 +729,11 @@ impl DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint {
     /// after the exact terminal ETag and terminal receipt were committed, to
     /// purge older object versions exposed by that deletion.
     pub(crate) fn is_predecessor_of_terminal(&self, terminal: &Self) -> bool {
+        for checkpoint in [self, terminal] {
+            if !recovery_disposition_checkpoint_is_valid(checkpoint) {
+                return false;
+            }
+        }
         if let Self::TierProbeIntent { state, .. } = terminal
             && !matches!(
                 state,
@@ -553,6 +742,19 @@ impl DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint {
         {
             return false;
         }
+        if let Self::RecoveryControl { classification, .. } = terminal
+            && !matches!(
+                classification,
+                recovery_control::IlmRecoveryClassification::Terminal | recovery_control::IlmRecoveryClassification::Abandoned
+            )
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
+        if let Self::RecoveryDisposition { state, .. } = terminal
+            && state != &recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState::Completed
+        {
+            return false;
+        }
         if self == terminal || self.validate_successor(terminal).is_ok() {
             return true;
         }
@@ -652,11 +854,147 @@ impl DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint {
                         .is_some_and(|distance| tier_probe_state_reaches(*previous_state, *terminal_state, distance))
                     && (!previous_remote_version_known || previous_remote_version == terminal_remote_version)
             }
+            (
+                Self::RecoveryControl {
+                    identity_sha256: previous_identity,
+                    source_generation_sha256: previous_generation,
+                    first_seen_at_unix_nanos: previous_first_seen,
+                    revision: previous_revision,
+                    attempt_count: previous_attempts,
+                    ..
+                },
+                Self::RecoveryControl {
+                    identity_sha256: terminal_identity,
+                    source_generation_sha256: terminal_generation,
+                    first_seen_at_unix_nanos: terminal_first_seen,
+                    revision: terminal_revision,
+                    attempt_count: terminal_attempts,
+                    classification:
+                        recovery_control::IlmRecoveryClassification::Terminal | recovery_control::IlmRecoveryClassification::Abandoned,
+                    ..
+                },
+            ) => {
+                previous_identity == terminal_identity
+                    && (previous_generation == terminal_generation || terminal_attempts > previous_attempts)
+                    && previous_first_seen == terminal_first_seen
+                    && terminal_revision > previous_revision
+                    && terminal_attempts >= previous_attempts
+            }
+            (
+                Self::RecoveryDisposition {
+                    identity_sha256: previous_identity,
+                    copy_manifest_sha256: previous_manifest,
+                    copy_manifest_count: previous_manifest_count,
+                    created_at_unix_nanos: previous_created_at,
+                    revision: previous_revision,
+                    state: previous_state,
+                    owner_fence_sha256: previous_owner,
+                    confirmed_absent_sha256: previous_confirmed,
+                    retain_until_unix_nanos: previous_retain_until,
+                    ..
+                },
+                Self::RecoveryDisposition {
+                    identity_sha256: terminal_identity,
+                    copy_manifest_sha256: terminal_manifest,
+                    copy_manifest_count: terminal_manifest_count,
+                    created_at_unix_nanos: terminal_created_at,
+                    revision: terminal_revision,
+                    state: recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState::Completed,
+                    confirmed_absent_sha256: terminal_confirmed,
+                    retain_until_unix_nanos: terminal_retain_until,
+                    ..
+                },
+            ) => {
+                matches!(
+                    previous_state,
+                    recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState::Prepared
+                        | recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState::Applying
+                ) && previous_identity == terminal_identity
+                    && previous_manifest == terminal_manifest
+                    && previous_manifest_count == terminal_manifest_count
+                    && previous_created_at == terminal_created_at
+                    && previous_retain_until == terminal_retain_until
+                    && terminal_revision.checked_sub(*previous_revision).is_some_and(|distance| {
+                        let minimum_distance = match previous_state {
+                            recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState::Prepared if previous_owner.is_some() => 3,
+                            recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState::Prepared => 4,
+                            recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState::Applying
+                                if previous_confirmed.len() == *previous_manifest_count =>
+                            {
+                                1
+                            }
+                            recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState::Applying => 2,
+                            recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState::Completed => u64::MAX,
+                        };
+                        distance >= minimum_distance
+                    })
+                    && sorted_sha256_set_is_subset(previous_confirmed, terminal_confirmed)
+            }
             _ => false,
         }
     }
 }
 
+fn recovery_disposition_checkpoint_is_valid(checkpoint: &DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint) -> bool {
+    use recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState::{Applying, Completed, Prepared};
+
+    let DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint::RecoveryDisposition {
+        content_sha256,
+        identity_sha256,
+        copy_manifest_sha256,
+        copy_manifest_count,
+        created_at_unix_nanos,
+        revision,
+        state,
+        owner_fence_sha256,
+        owner_lease_acquired_at_unix_nanos,
+        owner_lease_expires_at_unix_nanos,
+        confirmed_absent_sha256,
+        retain_until_unix_nanos,
+    } = checkpoint
+    else {
+        return true;
+    };
+    let owner_fence_sha256 = owner_fence_sha256.as_deref();
+
+    is_canonical_sha256(content_sha256)
+        && is_canonical_sha256(identity_sha256)
+        && is_canonical_sha256(copy_manifest_sha256)
+        && *copy_manifest_count > 0
+        && *created_at_unix_nanos > 0
+        && *revision > 0
+        && *retain_until_unix_nanos > 0
+        && owner_fence_sha256.is_none_or(is_canonical_sha256)
+        && match (
+            owner_fence_sha256,
+            *owner_lease_acquired_at_unix_nanos,
+            *owner_lease_expires_at_unix_nanos,
+        ) {
+            (None, None, None) => true,
+            (Some(_), Some(acquired), Some(expires)) => acquired > 0 && expires > acquired,
+            _ => false,
+        }
+        && confirmed_absent_sha256.len() <= *copy_manifest_count
+        && confirmed_absent_sha256.iter().all(|digest| is_canonical_sha256(digest))
+        && confirmed_absent_sha256.windows(2).all(|pair| pair[0] < pair[1])
+        && match *state {
+            Prepared => confirmed_absent_sha256.is_empty(),
+            Applying => owner_fence_sha256.is_some(),
+            Completed => owner_fence_sha256.is_none() && confirmed_absent_sha256.len() == *copy_manifest_count,
+        }
+}
+
+fn is_canonical_sha256(value: &str) -> bool {
+    is_sha256_checksum(value)
+        && !value
+            .bytes()
+            .any(|byte| byte.is_ascii_hexdigit() && byte.is_ascii_uppercase())
+}
+
+fn sorted_sha256_set_is_subset(subset: &[String], superset: &[String]) -> bool {
+    subset.iter().all(|candidate| superset.binary_search(candidate).is_ok())
+}
+
 fn tier_delete_dispatch_parent_progress_delta(
     previous_sequence: u64,
     previous_completed_journals: u64,
@@ -690,6 +1028,22 @@ fn transition_state_distance(
     }
 }
 
+fn transition_state_revision_is_successor(
+    from: transition_transaction::TransitionTransactionState,
+    from_revision: u64,
+    to: transition_transaction::TransitionTransactionState,
+    to_revision: u64,
+) -> bool {
+    use transition_transaction::TransitionTransactionState::{LocalCommitStarted, UploadOutcomeUnknown};
+
+    if from == UploadOutcomeUnknown && from_revision == 1 && to == LocalCommitStarted {
+        return to_revision == 2;
+    }
+    transition_state_distance(from, to)
+        .and_then(|distance| from_revision.checked_add(distance))
+        .is_some_and(|expected_revision| to_revision == expected_revision)
+}
+
 fn tier_probe_state_reaches(
     from: tier_probe_intent::TierProbeIntentState,
     to: tier_probe_intent::TierProbeIntentState,
@@ -1219,6 +1573,84 @@ pub(crate) fn validate_durable_ilm_record(path: &str, data: &[u8]) -> Result<Val
                 },
             )
         }
+        DurableIlmRecordKind::RecoveryControl => {
+            let (protocol, control_id) = recovery_control::recovery_control_id_from_record_object_name(path)
+                .map_err(|err| Error::other(err.to_string()))?;
+            let control =
+                recovery_control::IlmRecoveryControl::decode(&control_id, data).map_err(|err| Error::other(err.to_string()))?;
+            let canonical = recovery_control::recovery_control_record_object_name(protocol, &control_id)
+                .map_err(|err| Error::other(err.to_string()))?;
+            if canonical != path || control.identity.protocol != protocol {
+                return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery control path is not canonical"));
+            }
+            let identity_sha256 = checkpoint_hash(&control.identity)?;
+            let source_generation_sha256 = checkpoint_hash(&control.observed_source_generation)?;
+            let owner_fence_sha256 = control.owner.as_ref().map(checkpoint_hash).transpose()?;
+            (
+                "control_id",
+                control_id,
+                DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint::RecoveryControl {
+                    content_sha256,
+                    identity_sha256,
+                    source_generation_sha256,
+                    first_seen_at_unix_nanos: control.first_seen_at_unix_nanos,
+                    revision: control.revision,
+                    classification: control.classification,
+                    attempt_count: control.attempt_count,
+                    consecutive_failure_count: control.consecutive_failure_count,
+                    owner_fence_sha256,
+                },
+            )
+        }
+        DurableIlmRecordKind::RecoveryExport => {
+            let (protocol, export_id) = recovery_export::recovery_export_id_from_record_object_name(path)?;
+            let export = recovery_export::IlmRecoveryExport::decode(&export_id, data)?;
+            let canonical = recovery_export::recovery_export_record_object_name(protocol, &export_id)?;
+            if canonical != path || export.protocol != protocol {
+                return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export path is not canonical"));
+            }
+            let source_generation_sha256 = checkpoint_hash(&export.source_generation)?;
+            (
+                "export_id",
+                export_id,
+                DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint::RecoveryExport {
+                    content_sha256,
+                    source_generation_sha256,
+                    topology_generation: export.topology_generation,
+                    member_epochs_sha256: export.member_epochs_sha256,
+                    creator_sha256: export.creator_sha256,
+                    retain_until_unix_nanos: export.retain_until_unix_nanos,
+                },
+            )
+        }
+        DurableIlmRecordKind::RecoveryDisposition => {
+            // The disposition module owns strict schema, checksum, canonical
+            // path, immutable-manifest, and state-specific validation. Keep
+            // this boundary limited to decommission identity/checkpoint
+            // projection so the two readers cannot accept different records.
+            let disposition = recovery_disposition::decode_recovery_disposition_checkpoint(path, data)?;
+            if disposition.content_sha256 != content_sha256 {
+                return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery disposition checkpoint content digest is invalid"));
+            }
+            (
+                "disposition_id",
+                disposition.disposition_id,
+                DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint::RecoveryDisposition {
+                    content_sha256: disposition.content_sha256,
+                    identity_sha256: disposition.identity_sha256,
+                    copy_manifest_sha256: disposition.copy_manifest_sha256,
+                    copy_manifest_count: disposition.copy_manifest_count,
+                    created_at_unix_nanos: disposition.created_at_unix_nanos,
+                    revision: disposition.revision,
+                    state: disposition.state,
+                    owner_fence_sha256: disposition.owner_fence_sha256,
+                    owner_lease_acquired_at_unix_nanos: disposition.owner_lease_acquired_at_unix_nanos,
+                    owner_lease_expires_at_unix_nanos: disposition.owner_lease_expires_at_unix_nanos,
+                    confirmed_absent_sha256: disposition.confirmed_absent_sha256,
+                    retain_until_unix_nanos: disposition.retain_until_unix_nanos,
+                },
+            )
+        }
         DurableIlmRecordKind::ManualTransitionJob => {
             let job_id = manual_transition_job::manual_transition_job_id_from_record_object_name(path)
                 .map_err(|err| Error::other(err.to_string()))?;
@@ -1374,6 +1806,203 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    fn recovery_disposition_checkpoint(
+        revision: u64,
+        state: recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState,
+        owner_fence: Option<&str>,
+        confirmed_absent_sha256: Vec<String>,
+    ) -> DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint {
+        let (owner_lease_acquired_at_unix_nanos, owner_lease_expires_at_unix_nanos) = match owner_fence {
+            Some("f") => (Some(10), Some(20)),
+            Some(_) => (Some(1), Some(10)),
+            None => (None, None),
+        };
+        DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint::RecoveryDisposition {
+            content_sha256: format!("{revision:064x}"),
+            identity_sha256: "a".repeat(64),
+            copy_manifest_sha256: "d".repeat(64),
+            copy_manifest_count: 2,
+            created_at_unix_nanos: 1_700_000_000_000_000_000,
+            revision,
+            state,
+            owner_fence_sha256: owner_fence.map(|digest| digest.repeat(64)),
+            owner_lease_acquired_at_unix_nanos,
+            owner_lease_expires_at_unix_nanos,
+            confirmed_absent_sha256,
+            retain_until_unix_nanos: 1_820_000_000_000_000_000,
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recovery_disposition_namespace_is_registered_without_shadowing_its_root() {
+        let disposition_id = "a".repeat(64);
+        let path = format!(
+            "{}/tier_delete_journal/{}/{}/{}.json",
+            recovery_disposition::ILM_RECOVERY_DISPOSITION_PREFIX,
+            &disposition_id[..2],
+            &disposition_id[2..4],
+            disposition_id
+        );
+        let namespace = classify_durable_ilm_record(&path)
+            .expect("recovery disposition path should classify")
+            .expect("recovery disposition should be durable");
+
+        assert_eq!(namespace, &RECOVERY_DISPOSITION_NAMESPACE);
+        assert!(classify_durable_ilm_record(recovery_disposition::ILM_RECOVERY_DISPOSITION_PREFIX).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recovery_disposition_checkpoint_accepts_only_monotonic_progress() {
+        use recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState::{Applying, Completed, Prepared};
+
+        let first_copy = "b".repeat(64);
+        let second_copy = "c".repeat(64);
+        let prepared = recovery_disposition_checkpoint(1, Prepared, None, Vec::new());
+        let claimed = recovery_disposition_checkpoint(2, Prepared, Some("e"), Vec::new());
+        let applying = recovery_disposition_checkpoint(3, Applying, Some("e"), Vec::new());
+        let first_absent = recovery_disposition_checkpoint(4, Applying, Some("e"), vec![first_copy.clone()]);
+        let taken_over = recovery_disposition_checkpoint(5, Applying, Some("f"), vec![first_copy.clone()]);
+        let all_absent = recovery_disposition_checkpoint(6, Applying, Some("f"), vec![first_copy.clone(), second_copy.clone()]);
+        let completed = recovery_disposition_checkpoint(7, Completed, None, vec![first_copy.clone(), second_copy.clone()]);
+
+        prepared
+            .validate_successor(&claimed)
+            .expect("Prepared should record an owner claim without absence progress");
+        claimed
+            .validate_successor(&applying)
+            .expect("Prepared should advance to Applying without folding in deletion progress");
+        applying
+            .validate_successor(&first_absent)
+            .expect("Applying should append newly confirmed absent copies");
+        first_absent
+            .validate_successor(&taken_over)
+            .expect("Applying should record a fenced owner takeover without losing progress");
+        taken_over
+            .validate_successor(&all_absent)
+            .expect("Applying should preserve every earlier confirmation while making progress");
+        all_absent
+            .validate_successor(&completed)
+            .expect("a fully confirmed manifest should advance to Completed");
+
+        assert!(
+            prepared.validate_successor(&completed).is_err(),
+            "adjacent receipt updates must not skip Applying"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            first_absent
+                .validate_successor(&recovery_disposition_checkpoint(5, Applying, Some("e"), Vec::new()))
+                .is_err(),
+            "confirmed-absent progress must not move backwards"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            applying
+                .validate_successor(&recovery_disposition_checkpoint(4, Completed, None, vec![first_copy.clone()]))
+                .is_err(),
+            "Completed must cover the complete immutable copy manifest"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            completed
+                .validate_successor(&recovery_disposition_checkpoint(7, Applying, Some("e"), vec![second_copy]))
+                .is_err(),
+            "Completed is terminal"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            first_absent
+                .validate_successor(&recovery_disposition_checkpoint(5, Applying, Some("e"), vec![first_copy.clone()]))
+                .is_err(),
+            "a same-state revision bump must change the owner fence or absence progress"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            applying
+                .validate_successor(&recovery_disposition_checkpoint(4, Applying, None, vec![first_copy]))
+                .is_err(),
+            "Applying must retain a fenced owner"
+        );
+
+        let mut noncanonical_identity = claimed.clone();
+        if let DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint::RecoveryDisposition { identity_sha256, .. } = &mut noncanonical_identity {
+            *identity_sha256 = "A".repeat(64);
+        }
+        assert!(prepared.validate_successor(&noncanonical_identity).is_err());
+        let mut changed_created_at = claimed;
+        if let DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint::RecoveryDisposition {
+            created_at_unix_nanos, ..
+        } = &mut changed_created_at
+        {
+            *created_at_unix_nanos += 1;
+        }
+        assert!(prepared.validate_successor(&changed_created_at).is_err());
+
+        let mut early_takeover = taken_over;
+        if let DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint::RecoveryDisposition {
+            owner_lease_acquired_at_unix_nanos,
+            ..
+        } = &mut early_takeover
+        {
+            *owner_lease_acquired_at_unix_nanos = Some(9);
+        }
+        assert!(first_absent.validate_successor(&early_takeover).is_err());
+        assert!(
+            applying
+                .validate_successor(&recovery_disposition_checkpoint(
+                    4,
+                    Applying,
+                    Some("e"),
+                    vec!["c".repeat(64), "b".repeat(64)],
+                ))
+                .is_err(),
+            "confirmed-absent entries must be a canonical sorted set"
+        );
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recovery_disposition_terminal_predecessor_requires_exact_identity_and_full_manifest() {
+        use recovery_disposition::IlmRecoveryDispositionState::{Applying, Completed, Prepared};
+
+        let first_copy = "b".repeat(64);
+        let second_copy = "c".repeat(64);
+        let prepared = recovery_disposition_checkpoint(1, Prepared, None, Vec::new());
+        let applying = recovery_disposition_checkpoint(3, Applying, Some("e"), vec![first_copy.clone()]);
+        let completed = recovery_disposition_checkpoint(5, Completed, None, vec![first_copy.clone(), second_copy]);
+
+        assert!(prepared.is_predecessor_of_terminal(&completed));
+        assert!(applying.is_predecessor_of_terminal(&completed));
+        assert!(
+            !prepared.is_predecessor_of_terminal(&recovery_disposition_checkpoint(2, Applying, Some("e"), Vec::new())),
+            "a nonterminal disposition must not authorize terminal cleanup"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            !prepared.is_predecessor_of_terminal(&recovery_disposition_checkpoint(
+                4,
+                Completed,
+                None,
+                vec![first_copy.clone(), "c".repeat(64)],
+            )),
+            "terminal proof must leave enough revisions for claim, apply, progress, and completion"
+        );
+        assert!(
+            !applying.is_predecessor_of_terminal(&recovery_disposition_checkpoint(
+                4,
+                Completed,
+                None,
+                vec![first_copy.clone(), "c".repeat(64)],
+            )),
+            "an incomplete Applying checkpoint cannot complete without a progress generation"
+        );
+
+        let mut other_identity = completed;
+        if let DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint::RecoveryDisposition { identity_sha256, .. } = &mut other_identity {
+            *identity_sha256 = "e".repeat(64);
+        }
+        assert!(!prepared.is_predecessor_of_terminal(&other_identity));
+
+        let incomplete_terminal = recovery_disposition_checkpoint(4, Completed, None, vec![first_copy]);
+        assert!(
+            !prepared.is_predecessor_of_terminal(&incomplete_terminal),
+            "a partial confirmed-absent set must not become terminal proof"
+        );
+    }
+
     fn tier_probe_intent_fixture() -> tier_probe_intent::TierProbeIntent {
         let probe_id = Uuid::parse_str("36e2220e-9ad2-495b-b3bc-c4d2caf70a31").expect("fixture uuid should parse");
         tier_probe_intent::TierProbeIntent {
@@ -1412,6 +2041,94 @@ mod tests {
             .checkpoint
     }
 
+    fn recovery_control_fixture() -> recovery_control::IlmRecoveryControl {
+        let source_path = "ilm/transition-transactions/records/12/34/1234567890abcdef1234567890abcdef.json";
+        let generation = recovery_control::IlmRecoverySourceGeneration::new(
+            transition_transaction::TRANSITION_TRANSACTION_SCHEMA,
+            "source-etag",
+            "a".repeat(64),
+            vec![recovery_control::IlmRecoverySourceCopy {
+                authority: "pool-0/set-0".to_string(),
+                canonical_path: source_path.to_string(),
+                etag: "source-etag".to_string(),
+                encoded_len: 128,
+                content_sha256: "a".repeat(64),
+            }],
+        )
+        .expect("source generation should build");
+        recovery_control::IlmRecoveryControl::new(
+            recovery_control::IlmRecoveryControlIdentity {
+                protocol: recovery_control::IlmRecoveryProtocol::TransitionTransaction,
+                canonical_source_path: source_path.to_string(),
+                stable_operation_identity: "12345678-90ab-cdef-1234-567890abcdef".to_string(),
+                record_class: "transition_transaction_v1".to_string(),
+            },
+            generation,
+            recovery_control::IlmRecoveryClassification::Retrying,
+            1_000_000_000,
+            recovery_control::IlmRecoveryErrorCode::None,
+        )
+        .expect("recovery control should build")
+    }
+
+    fn recovery_control_checkpoint(control: &recovery_control::IlmRecoveryControl) -> DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint {
+        let control_id = control.identity.source_operation_digest().expect("control id should derive");
+        let path = recovery_control::recovery_control_record_object_name(control.identity.protocol, &control_id)
+            .expect("control path should build");
+        let encoded = control.encode().expect("control should encode");
+        let namespace = classify_durable_ilm_record(&path)
+            .expect("recovery control namespace should classify")
+            .expect("recovery control should be durable");
+        assert_eq!(namespace, &RECOVERY_CONTROL_NAMESPACE);
+        validate_durable_ilm_record(&path, &encoded)
+            .expect("recovery control should validate")
+            .checkpoint
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recovery_control_checkpoint_tracks_claim_retry_and_terminal_generations() {
+        let initial_control = recovery_control_fixture();
+        let initial = recovery_control_checkpoint(&initial_control);
+
+        let mut claimed_control = initial_control;
+        let mut advanced_generation = claimed_control.observed_source_generation.clone();
+        advanced_generation.source_schema = "rustfs-transition-transaction-v2".to_string();
+        claimed_control
+            .claim_for_source_generation("node-a", Uuid::new_v4(), 2_000_000_000, 300_000_000_000, advanced_generation)
+            .expect("control should claim");
+        let claimed = recovery_control_checkpoint(&claimed_control);
+        initial.validate_successor(&claimed).expect("claim should advance receipt");
+
+        let mut retry_control = claimed_control;
+        retry_control
+            .record_retryable_failure(3_000_000_000, recovery_control::IlmRecoveryErrorCode::BackendTimeout)
+            .expect("retry should persist");
+        let retry = recovery_control_checkpoint(&retry_control);
+        claimed.validate_successor(&retry).expect("retry should advance receipt");
+
+        let ready_at = retry_control
+            .next_attempt_at_unix_nanos
+            .expect("retry deadline should persist");
+        let mut terminal_control = retry_control;
+        terminal_control
+            .claim("node-b", Uuid::new_v4(), ready_at, 300_000_000_000)
+            .expect("retry should claim");
+        let reclaimed = recovery_control_checkpoint(&terminal_control);
+        retry.validate_successor(&reclaimed).expect("reclaim should advance receipt");
+        terminal_control
+            .finish_attempt(
+                recovery_control::IlmRecoveryClassification::Terminal,
+                recovery_control::IlmRecoveryErrorCode::None,
+            )
+            .expect("control should terminate");
+        let terminal = recovery_control_checkpoint(&terminal_control);
+        reclaimed
+            .validate_successor(&terminal)
+            .expect("terminal state should advance receipt");
+        assert!(initial.is_predecessor_of_terminal(&terminal));
+        assert!(!initial.is_predecessor_of_terminal(&retry));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn tier_probe_intent_checkpoint_tracks_exact_monotonic_generations() {
         let initial_intent = tier_probe_intent_fixture();
@@ -1470,6 +2187,64 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn transition_checkpoint_accepts_only_the_distinguishable_compact_edge() {
+        let identity_sha256 = "a".repeat(64);
+        let unknown_remote_sha256 = "b".repeat(64);
+        let known_remote_sha256 = "c".repeat(64);
+        let checkpoint = |revision, state, remote_version_sha256: String, remote_version_known| {
+            DurableIlmRecordCheckpoint::TransitionTransaction {
+                content_sha256: format!("{revision:064x}"),
+                identity_sha256: identity_sha256.clone(),
+                remote_version_sha256,
+                remote_version_known,
+                revision,
+                state,
+            }
+        };
+        let compact_unknown = checkpoint(
+            1,
+            transition_transaction::TransitionTransactionState::UploadOutcomeUnknown,
+            unknown_remote_sha256.clone(),
+            false,
+        );
+        let compact_local_commit = checkpoint(
+            2,
+            transition_transaction::TransitionTransactionState::LocalCommitStarted,
+            known_remote_sha256.clone(),
+            true,
+        );
+        compact_unknown
+            .validate_successor(&compact_local_commit)
+            .expect("compact pre-upload fence should advance directly to the exact local-commit fence");
+
+        let legacy_unknown = checkpoint(
+            2,
+            transition_transaction::TransitionTransactionState::UploadOutcomeUnknown,
+            unknown_remote_sha256,
+            false,
+        );
+        let invalid_legacy_skip = checkpoint(
+            3,
+            transition_transaction::TransitionTransactionState::LocalCommitStarted,
+            known_remote_sha256.clone(),
+            true,
+        );
+        assert!(
+            legacy_unknown.validate_successor(&invalid_legacy_skip).is_err(),
+            "legacy UploadOutcomeUnknown@2 must not masquerade as the compact edge"
+        );
+        let valid_legacy_skip = checkpoint(
+            4,
+            transition_transaction::TransitionTransactionState::LocalCommitStarted,
+            known_remote_sha256,
+            true,
+        );
+        legacy_unknown
+            .validate_successor(&valid_legacy_skip)
+            .expect("legacy receipts may still observe the existing two-edge state advance");
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn tier_delete_dispatch_manifest_namespace_validates_monotonic_branches() {
         use tier_delete_journal::TierDeleteDispatchManifestState::{Aborted, Aborting, Completed, DispatchAuthorized, Preparing};

crates/ecstore/src/bucket/lifecycle/mod.rs

@@ -24,6 +24,10 @@ pub(crate) use metadata_boundary::{LifecycleExpiryConfigs, get_expiry_configs, g
 mod object_handlers_common;
 mod object_lock_boundary;
 pub use self::core as lifecycle;
+pub mod recovery_control;
+pub mod recovery_disposition;
+pub(crate) mod recovery_disposition_runtime;
+pub mod recovery_export;
 mod replication_sink;
 pub mod rule;
 mod runtime_boundary;

crates/ecstore/src/bucket/lifecycle/recovery_export.rs

@@ -0,0 +1,840 @@
+// Copyright 2024 RustFS Team
+//
+// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
+// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
+// You may obtain a copy of the License at
+//
+//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
+//
+// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
+// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
+// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
+// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
+// limitations under the License.
+
+use std::{collections::HashSet, sync::Arc};
+
+use rustfs_utils::crypto::{hex_sha256, is_sha256_checksum};
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+
+use super::config_boundary;
+use super::recovery_control::{
+    IlmRecoveryClassification, IlmRecoveryControl, IlmRecoveryProtocol, IlmRecoverySourceCopy, IlmRecoverySourceGeneration,
+    MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_CONTROL_SIZE, ObservedIlmRecoveryControl, ObservedIlmRecoverySource, recovery_control_record_object_name,
+};
+use super::tier_delete_journal::{
+    TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V1_RECOVERY_SCHEMA, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V2_RECOVERY_SCHEMA, validate_legacy_tier_delete_recovery_source,
+};
+use crate::disk::RUSTFS_META_BUCKET;
+use crate::error::{Error, Result};
+use crate::object_api::{ObjectOptions, WriteCompletion};
+use crate::services::notification_sys::{
+    acquire_ilm_recovery_export_fleet_proof, ilm_recovery_export_fleet_proof_matches, ilm_recovery_export_member_epochs_sha256,
+    ilm_recovery_export_topology_generation,
+};
+use crate::storage_api_contracts::{list::ListOperations as _, namespace::NamespaceLocking as _, object::HTTPPreconditions};
+use crate::store::ECStore;
+
+pub const ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_SCHEMA: &str = "rustfs-ilm-recovery-export-v1";
+pub const ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_PREFIX: &str = "ilm/recovery-exports";
+pub const MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_SIZE: usize = 128 * 1024;
+const MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORTS: usize = 10_000;
+const MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_BYTES: u64 = 1024 * 1024 * 1024;
+const MAX_ACTOR_EXPORTS_PER_MINUTE: usize = 10;
+const MAX_CLUSTER_EXPORTS_PER_MINUTE: usize = 100;
+const EXPORT_RETENTION_NANOS: i64 = 90 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1_000_000_000;
+const EXPORT_ADMISSION_LOCK: &str = "ilm/recovery-admission/export.lock";
+const MAX_LEGACY_TIER_DELETE_SOURCE_SIZE: usize = 64 * 1024;
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct IlmRecoveryExportObservation {
+    pub control_id: String,
+    pub protocol: IlmRecoveryProtocol,
+    pub control_etag: String,
+    pub control_revision: u64,
+    pub classification: IlmRecoveryClassification,
+    pub canonical_source_path: String,
+    pub source_generation: IlmRecoverySourceGeneration,
+    pub topology_generation: String,
+    pub member_epochs_sha256: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+pub struct IlmRecoveryExport {
+    pub export_id: String,
+    pub control_id: String,
+    pub protocol: IlmRecoveryProtocol,
+    pub control_etag: String,
+    pub control_revision: u64,
+    pub classification: IlmRecoveryClassification,
+    pub canonical_source_path: String,
+    pub source_generation: IlmRecoverySourceGeneration,
+    pub topology_generation: String,
+    pub member_epochs_sha256: String,
+    pub creator_sha256: String,
+    pub created_at_unix_nanos: i64,
+    pub retain_until_unix_nanos: i64,
+    pub source_bytes_base64: String,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+struct PersistedIlmRecoveryExport {
+    schema: String,
+    content_sha256: String,
+    export: IlmRecoveryExport,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Serialize)]
+pub struct IlmRecoveryExportCreated {
+    pub export_id: String,
+    pub content_sha256: String,
+    pub encoded: Vec<u8>,
+    pub replayed: bool,
+}
+
+impl IlmRecoveryExport {
+    fn validate(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        self.source_generation.validate().map_err(Error::other)?;
+        validate_sha256(&self.export_id, "ILM recovery export ID is invalid")?;
+        validate_sha256(&self.control_id, "ILM recovery export control ID is invalid")?;
+        validate_sha256(&self.topology_generation, "ILM recovery export topology generation is invalid")?;
+        validate_sha256(&self.member_epochs_sha256, "ILM recovery export member epoch digest is invalid")?;
+        validate_sha256(&self.creator_sha256, "ILM recovery export creator digest is invalid")?;
+        if self.protocol != IlmRecoveryProtocol::TierDeleteJournal
+            || self.classification != IlmRecoveryClassification::RetainedAmbiguous
+            || !is_legacy_export_schema(&self.source_generation.source_schema)
+        {
+            return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export source is not an exportable legacy journal"));
+        }
+        if self.control_etag.trim().is_empty() || self.control_revision == 0 {
+            return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export control generation is invalid"));
+        }
+        if self.canonical_source_path.is_empty()
+            || self.canonical_source_path.starts_with('/')
+            || self.canonical_source_path.ends_with('/')
+            || self.canonical_source_path.split('/').any(str::is_empty)
+        {
+            return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export source path is invalid"));
+        }
+        if self.created_at_unix_nanos <= 0
+            || self.retain_until_unix_nanos < self.created_at_unix_nanos.saturating_add(EXPORT_RETENTION_NANOS)
+        {
+            return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export retention is invalid"));
+        }
+        let source = base64_simd::STANDARD
+            .decode_to_vec(self.source_bytes_base64.as_bytes())
+            .map_err(|_| Error::other("ILM recovery export source encoding is invalid"))?;
+        validate_legacy_tier_delete_recovery_source(&self.canonical_source_path, &self.source_generation.source_schema, &source)?;
+        let encoded_len = u64::try_from(source.len()).map_err(|_| Error::other("ILM recovery export source length overflow"))?;
+        if source.is_empty()
+            || source.len() > MAX_LEGACY_TIER_DELETE_SOURCE_SIZE
+            || hex_sha256(&source, ToOwned::to_owned) != self.source_generation.content_sha256
+            || self.source_generation.copies.iter().any(|copy| {
+                copy.canonical_path != self.canonical_source_path
+                    || copy.etag != self.source_generation.source_etag
+                    || copy.content_sha256 != self.source_generation.content_sha256
+                    || copy.encoded_len != encoded_len
+            })
+        {
+            return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export source bytes do not match the observed generation"));
+        }
+        if recovery_export_id(&self.control_id, &self.source_generation)? != self.export_id {
+            return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export ID does not match its source generation"));
+        }
+        Ok(())
+    }
+
+    pub fn encode(&self) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
+        self.validate()?;
+        let export_bytes = serde_json::to_vec(self).map_err(Error::other)?;
+        let persisted = PersistedIlmRecoveryExport {
+            schema: ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_SCHEMA.to_string(),
+            content_sha256: hex_sha256(&export_bytes, ToOwned::to_owned),
+            export: self.clone(),
+        };
+        let encoded = serde_json::to_vec(&persisted).map_err(Error::other)?;
+        if encoded.len() > MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_SIZE {
+            return Err(Error::other("encoded ILM recovery export exceeds maximum size"));
+        }
+        Ok(encoded)
+    }
+
+    pub fn decode(expected_export_id: &str, data: &[u8]) -> Result<Self> {
+        validate_sha256(expected_export_id, "ILM recovery export ID is invalid")?;
+        if data.len() > MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_SIZE {
+            return Err(Error::other("encoded ILM recovery export exceeds maximum size"));
+        }
+        let persisted: PersistedIlmRecoveryExport = serde_json::from_slice(data).map_err(Error::other)?;
+        if persisted.schema != ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_SCHEMA {
+            return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export schema is unsupported"));
+        }
+        validate_sha256(&persisted.content_sha256, "ILM recovery export checksum is invalid")?;
+        let export_bytes = serde_json::to_vec(&persisted.export).map_err(Error::other)?;
+        if hex_sha256(&export_bytes, ToOwned::to_owned) != persisted.content_sha256 {
+            return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export checksum mismatch"));
+        }
+        persisted.export.validate()?;
+        if persisted.export.export_id != expected_export_id {
+            return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export ID does not match record key"));
+        }
+        Ok(persisted.export)
+    }
+}
+
+pub fn recovery_export_record_object_name(protocol: IlmRecoveryProtocol, export_id: &str) -> Result<String> {
+    validate_sha256(export_id, "ILM recovery export ID is invalid")?;
+    Ok(format!(
+        "{}/{}/{}/{}/{}.json",
+        ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_PREFIX,
+        protocol.as_str(),
+        &export_id[..2],
+        &export_id[2..4],
+        export_id
+    ))
+}
+
+pub fn recovery_export_id_from_record_object_name(object: &str) -> Result<(IlmRecoveryProtocol, String)> {
+    let suffix = object
+        .strip_prefix(ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_PREFIX)
+        .and_then(|suffix| suffix.strip_prefix('/'))
+        .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("ILM recovery export path has wrong prefix"))?;
+    let mut parts = suffix.split('/');
+    let protocol = match parts.next() {
+        Some("tier_delete_journal") => IlmRecoveryProtocol::TierDeleteJournal,
+        _ => return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export protocol is invalid")),
+    };
+    let shard_a = parts
+        .next()
+        .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("ILM recovery export path is incomplete"))?;
+    let shard_b = parts
+        .next()
+        .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("ILM recovery export path is incomplete"))?;
+    let export_id = parts
+        .next()
+        .and_then(|name| name.strip_suffix(".json"))
+        .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("ILM recovery export suffix is invalid"))?;
+    if parts.next().is_some() {
+        return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export path is not canonical"));
+    }
+    validate_sha256(export_id, "ILM recovery export ID is invalid")?;
+    if shard_a != &export_id[..2] || shard_b != &export_id[2..4] {
+        return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export shard does not match export ID"));
+    }
+    Ok((protocol, export_id.to_string()))
+}
+
+pub async fn inspect_recovery_export_observation(api: Arc<ECStore>, control_id: &str) -> Result<IlmRecoveryExportObservation> {
+    let proof = acquire_ilm_recovery_export_fleet_proof()
+        .await
+        .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("ILM recovery export fleet proof is unavailable"))?;
+    let observed_control = load_exportable_control(api.clone(), control_id).await?;
+    let observed_source = observe_export_source(
+        api,
+        &observed_control.control.identity.canonical_source_path,
+        &observed_control.control.observed_source_generation.source_schema,
+    )
+    .await?;
+    if !observed_source.is_consistent()
+        || observed_source.generation != observed_control.control.observed_source_generation
+        || !ilm_recovery_export_fleet_proof_matches(&proof).await
+    {
+        return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export observation changed or is incomplete"));
+    }
+    Ok(IlmRecoveryExportObservation {
+        control_id: control_id.to_string(),
+        protocol: observed_control.control.identity.protocol,
+        control_etag: observed_control.etag,
+        control_revision: observed_control.control.revision,
+        classification: observed_control.control.classification,
+        canonical_source_path: observed_control.control.identity.canonical_source_path,
+        source_generation: observed_source.generation,
+        topology_generation: ilm_recovery_export_topology_generation(&proof),
+        member_epochs_sha256: ilm_recovery_export_member_epochs_sha256(&proof),
+    })
+}
+
+pub async fn create_recovery_export(
+    api: Arc<ECStore>,
+    observation: &IlmRecoveryExportObservation,
+    creator_sha256: &str,
+) -> Result<IlmRecoveryExportCreated> {
+    validate_sha256(creator_sha256, "ILM recovery export creator digest is invalid")?;
+    let lock = api.new_ns_lock(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, EXPORT_ADMISSION_LOCK).await?;
+    let admission_guard = lock.get_write_lock(crate::set_disk::get_lock_acquire_timeout()).await?;
+
+    let proof = acquire_ilm_recovery_export_fleet_proof()
+        .await
+        .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("ILM recovery export fleet proof is unavailable"))?;
+    if ilm_recovery_export_topology_generation(&proof) != observation.topology_generation
+        || ilm_recovery_export_member_epochs_sha256(&proof) != observation.member_epochs_sha256
+    {
+        return Err(Error::PreconditionFailed);
+    }
+    let control_object = recovery_control_record_object_name(IlmRecoveryProtocol::TierDeleteJournal, &observation.control_id)
+        .map_err(Error::other)?;
+    let control_lock = api.new_ns_lock(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &control_object).await?;
+    let control_guard = control_lock
+        .get_read_lock(crate::set_disk::get_lock_acquire_timeout())
+        .await?;
+    let source_lock = api
+        .new_ns_lock(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &observation.canonical_source_path)
+        .await?;
+    let source_guard = source_lock.get_read_lock(crate::set_disk::get_lock_acquire_timeout()).await?;
+    let locks_current = || !admission_guard.is_lock_lost() && !control_guard.is_lock_lost() && !source_guard.is_lock_lost();
+    let (current, current_source_bytes) = current_observation_under_proof_no_lock(api.clone(), observation, &proof).await?;
+    if &current != observation || !locks_current() {
+        return Err(Error::PreconditionFailed);
+    }
+    let current_source_base64 = base64_simd::STANDARD.encode_to_string(current_source_bytes);
+    let candidate_export_id = recovery_export_id(&current.control_id, &current.source_generation)?;
+    let object = recovery_export_record_object_name(current.protocol, &candidate_export_id)?;
+    match load_recovery_export_decoded(api.clone(), &candidate_export_id).await {
+        Ok((existing, export)) if export_matches_observation(&export, observation) => {
+            if !locks_current() || !ilm_recovery_export_fleet_proof_matches(&proof).await {
+                return Err(Error::PreconditionFailed);
+            }
+            api.record_durable_ilm_decommission_progress(&object, &existing.encoded)
+                .await?;
+            if !locks_current() {
+                return Err(Error::PreconditionFailed);
+            }
+            return Ok(existing.with_replayed());
+        }
+        Ok(_) => return Err(Error::PreconditionFailed),
+        Err(Error::ConfigNotFound) => {}
+        Err(err) => return Err(err),
+    }
+    let inventory = collect_export_inventory(api.clone()).await?;
+    if !locks_current() || !ilm_recovery_export_fleet_proof_matches(&proof).await {
+        return Err(Error::PreconditionFailed);
+    }
+    let created_at_unix_nanos = now_unix_nanos()?;
+    let export = build_export_from_source(&current, creator_sha256, created_at_unix_nanos, &current_source_base64)?;
+    let encoded = export.encode()?;
+    inventory.check(creator_sha256, encoded.len(), created_at_unix_nanos)?;
+
+    let mut write_options = ObjectOptions {
+        max_parity: true,
+        write_completion: WriteCompletion::TailDrained,
+        http_preconditions: Some(HTTPPreconditions {
+            if_none_match: Some("*".to_string()),
+            ..Default::default()
+        }),
+        ..Default::default()
+    };
+    write_options.add_namespace_lock_guard(&admission_guard);
+    write_options.add_namespace_lock_guard(&control_guard);
+    write_options.add_namespace_lock_guard(&source_guard);
+    if !locks_current() {
+        return Err(Error::PreconditionFailed);
+    }
+    let write_result = config_boundary::save_config_with_opts(api.clone(), &object, encoded.clone(), &write_options).await;
+    let stored = match load_recovery_export(api.clone(), &export.export_id).await {
+        Ok(stored) if stored.encoded == encoded => stored,
+        Ok(_) => return Err(Error::PreconditionFailed),
+        Err(read_err) => return Err(write_result.err().unwrap_or(read_err)),
+    };
+    if !locks_current() || !ilm_recovery_export_fleet_proof_matches(&proof).await {
+        return Err(Error::PreconditionFailed);
+    }
+    api.record_durable_ilm_decommission_progress(&object, &encoded).await?;
+    if !locks_current() {
+        return Err(Error::PreconditionFailed);
+    }
+    Ok(stored)
+}
+
+pub async fn load_recovery_export(api: Arc<ECStore>, export_id: &str) -> Result<IlmRecoveryExportCreated> {
+    let (created, _) = load_recovery_export_decoded(api, export_id).await?;
+    Ok(created)
+}
+
+async fn load_recovery_export_decoded(
+    api: Arc<ECStore>,
+    export_id: &str,
+) -> Result<(IlmRecoveryExportCreated, IlmRecoveryExport)> {
+    let object = recovery_export_record_object_name(IlmRecoveryProtocol::TierDeleteJournal, export_id)?;
+    let encoded = config_boundary::read_config_limited_preserve_empty(api, &object, MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_SIZE).await?;
+    let export = IlmRecoveryExport::decode(export_id, &encoded)?;
+    let content_sha256 = hex_sha256(&encoded, ToOwned::to_owned);
+    Ok((
+        IlmRecoveryExportCreated {
+            export_id: export.export_id.clone(),
+            content_sha256,
+            encoded,
+            replayed: false,
+        },
+        export,
+    ))
+}
+
+impl IlmRecoveryExportCreated {
+    fn with_replayed(mut self) -> Self {
+        self.replayed = true;
+        self
+    }
+}
+
+async fn load_exportable_control(api: Arc<ECStore>, control_id: &str) -> Result<ObservedIlmRecoveryControl> {
+    load_exportable_control_with_options(api, control_id, &ObjectOptions::default()).await
+}
+
+async fn load_exportable_control_no_lock(api: Arc<ECStore>, control_id: &str) -> Result<ObservedIlmRecoveryControl> {
+    load_exportable_control_with_options(
+        api,
+        control_id,
+        &ObjectOptions {
+            no_lock: true,
+            ..Default::default()
+        },
+    )
+    .await
+}
+
+async fn load_exportable_control_with_options(
+    api: Arc<ECStore>,
+    control_id: &str,
+    options: &ObjectOptions,
+) -> Result<ObservedIlmRecoveryControl> {
+    let object = recovery_control_record_object_name(IlmRecoveryProtocol::TierDeleteJournal, control_id).map_err(Error::other)?;
+    let (data, metadata) =
+        config_boundary::read_config_limited_preserve_empty_with_metadata(api, &object, options, MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_CONTROL_SIZE)
+            .await?;
+    let etag = metadata
+        .etag
+        .filter(|etag| !etag.trim().is_empty())
+        .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("ILM recovery control is missing an ETag"))?;
+    let control = IlmRecoveryControl::decode(control_id, &data).map_err(Error::other)?;
+    if control.identity.protocol != IlmRecoveryProtocol::TierDeleteJournal
+        || control.classification != IlmRecoveryClassification::RetainedAmbiguous
+        || !is_legacy_export_schema(&control.observed_source_generation.source_schema)
+    {
+        return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery control is not exportable"));
+    }
+    Ok(ObservedIlmRecoveryControl { control, etag })
+}
+
+async fn current_observation_under_proof_no_lock(
+    api: Arc<ECStore>,
+    expected: &IlmRecoveryExportObservation,
+    proof: &crate::services::notification_sys::IlmRecoveryExportFleetProofToken,
+) -> Result<(IlmRecoveryExportObservation, Vec<u8>)> {
+    let observed_control = load_exportable_control_no_lock(api.clone(), &expected.control_id).await?;
+    let observed_source = observe_export_source_no_lock(
+        api,
+        &observed_control.control.identity.canonical_source_path,
+        &observed_control.control.observed_source_generation.source_schema,
+    )
+    .await?;
+    let source_bytes = observed_source
+        .canonical_data
+        .clone()
+        .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("ILM recovery export source copies diverge"))?;
+    if !observed_source.is_consistent()
+        || observed_source.generation != observed_control.control.observed_source_generation
+        || !ilm_recovery_export_fleet_proof_matches(proof).await
+    {
+        return Err(Error::PreconditionFailed);
+    }
+    Ok((
+        IlmRecoveryExportObservation {
+            control_id: expected.control_id.clone(),
+            protocol: observed_control.control.identity.protocol,
+            control_etag: observed_control.etag,
+            control_revision: observed_control.control.revision,
+            classification: observed_control.control.classification,
+            canonical_source_path: observed_control.control.identity.canonical_source_path,
+            source_generation: observed_source.generation,
+            topology_generation: ilm_recovery_export_topology_generation(proof),
+            member_epochs_sha256: ilm_recovery_export_member_epochs_sha256(proof),
+        },
+        source_bytes,
+    ))
+}
+
+async fn observe_export_source(
+    api: Arc<ECStore>,
+    canonical_path: &str,
+    source_schema: &str,
+) -> Result<ObservedIlmRecoverySource> {
+    if canonical_path.is_empty()
+        || canonical_path.starts_with('/')
+        || canonical_path.ends_with('/')
+        || canonical_path.split('/').any(str::is_empty)
+        || !is_legacy_export_schema(source_schema)
+    {
+        return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export source identity is invalid"));
+    }
+    let lock = api.new_ns_lock(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, canonical_path).await?;
+    let _guard = lock.get_read_lock(crate::set_disk::get_lock_acquire_timeout()).await?;
+    observe_export_source_no_lock(api, canonical_path, source_schema).await
+}
+
+async fn observe_export_source_no_lock(
+    api: Arc<ECStore>,
+    canonical_path: &str,
+    source_schema: &str,
+) -> Result<ObservedIlmRecoverySource> {
+    let mut copies = Vec::new();
+    let mut canonical: Option<(String, String, Vec<u8>)> = None;
+    let mut consistent = true;
+    for set in api.all_set_disks() {
+        let authority = format!("pool-{}/set-{}", set.pool_index, set.set_index);
+        let result = config_boundary::read_config_limited_preserve_empty_with_metadata(
+            set,
+            canonical_path,
+            &ObjectOptions {
+                no_lock: true,
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+            MAX_LEGACY_TIER_DELETE_SOURCE_SIZE,
+        )
+        .await;
+        match result {
+            Ok((data, metadata)) => {
+                if data.is_empty() || data.len() > MAX_LEGACY_TIER_DELETE_SOURCE_SIZE {
+                    return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export source exceeds its protocol size limit"));
+                }
+                validate_legacy_tier_delete_recovery_source(canonical_path, source_schema, &data)?;
+                let etag = metadata
+                    .etag
+                    .filter(|etag| !etag.trim().is_empty())
+                    .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("ILM recovery export source copy is missing an ETag"))?;
+                let content_sha256 = hex_sha256(&data, ToOwned::to_owned);
+                let encoded_len =
+                    u64::try_from(data.len()).map_err(|_| Error::other("ILM recovery export source length does not fit u64"))?;
+                copies.push(IlmRecoverySourceCopy {
+                    authority,
+                    canonical_path: canonical_path.to_string(),
+                    etag: etag.clone(),
+                    encoded_len,
+                    content_sha256: content_sha256.clone(),
+                });
+                match canonical.as_ref() {
+                    Some((first_etag, first_digest, first_data)) => {
+                        consistent &= first_etag == &etag && first_digest == &content_sha256 && first_data == &data;
+                    }
+                    None => canonical = Some((etag, content_sha256, data)),
+                }
+            }
+            Err(err) if export_source_is_missing(&err) => {}
+            Err(err) => return Err(err),
+        }
+    }
+    let Some((source_etag, content_sha256, source_bytes)) = canonical else {
+        return Err(Error::ConfigNotFound);
+    };
+    let generation =
+        IlmRecoverySourceGeneration::new(source_schema, source_etag, content_sha256, copies).map_err(Error::other)?;
+    Ok(ObservedIlmRecoverySource {
+        generation,
+        canonical_data: consistent.then_some(source_bytes),
+    })
+}
+
+fn export_source_is_missing(err: &Error) -> bool {
+    matches!(
+        err,
+        Error::ConfigNotFound | Error::FileNotFound | Error::ObjectNotFound(_, _) | Error::VersionNotFound(_, _, _)
+    )
+}
+
+fn build_export_from_source(
+    observation: &IlmRecoveryExportObservation,
+    creator_sha256: &str,
+    created_at_unix_nanos: i64,
+    source_bytes_base64: &str,
+) -> Result<IlmRecoveryExport> {
+    let retain_until_unix_nanos = created_at_unix_nanos
+        .checked_add(EXPORT_RETENTION_NANOS)
+        .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("ILM recovery export retention timestamp overflow"))?;
+    let export = IlmRecoveryExport {
+        export_id: recovery_export_id(&observation.control_id, &observation.source_generation)?,
+        control_id: observation.control_id.clone(),
+        protocol: observation.protocol,
+        control_etag: observation.control_etag.clone(),
+        control_revision: observation.control_revision,
+        classification: observation.classification,
+        canonical_source_path: observation.canonical_source_path.clone(),
+        source_generation: observation.source_generation.clone(),
+        topology_generation: observation.topology_generation.clone(),
+        member_epochs_sha256: observation.member_epochs_sha256.clone(),
+        creator_sha256: creator_sha256.to_string(),
+        created_at_unix_nanos,
+        retain_until_unix_nanos,
+        source_bytes_base64: source_bytes_base64.to_string(),
+    };
+    export.validate()?;
+    Ok(export)
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn recovery_export_id(control_id: &str, generation: &IlmRecoverySourceGeneration) -> Result<String> {
+    validate_sha256(control_id, "ILM recovery export control ID is invalid")?;
+    validate_sha256(&generation.content_sha256, "ILM recovery export source checksum is invalid")?;
+    validate_sha256(&generation.copy_set_sha256, "ILM recovery export copy-set checksum is invalid")?;
+    let mut data = Vec::new();
+    for part in [control_id, &generation.content_sha256, &generation.copy_set_sha256] {
+        data.extend_from_slice(&(part.len() as u64).to_be_bytes());
+        data.extend_from_slice(part.as_bytes());
+    }
+    Ok(hex_sha256(&data, ToOwned::to_owned))
+}
+
+fn export_matches_observation(export: &IlmRecoveryExport, observation: &IlmRecoveryExportObservation) -> bool {
+    export.control_id == observation.control_id
+        && export.protocol == observation.protocol
+        && export.classification == observation.classification
+        && export.canonical_source_path == observation.canonical_source_path
+        && export.source_generation == observation.source_generation
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Default)]
+struct IlmRecoveryExportInventory {
+    count: usize,
+    bytes: u64,
+    creations: Vec<(i64, String)>,
+}
+
+impl IlmRecoveryExportInventory {
+    fn check(&self, creator_sha256: &str, candidate_len: usize, now: i64) -> Result<()> {
+        let recent_after = now.saturating_sub(60 * 1_000_000_000);
+        let cluster_recent = self
+            .creations
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|(created_at, _)| *created_at > recent_after)
+            .count();
+        let actor_recent = self
+            .creations
+            .iter()
+            .filter(|(created_at, creator)| *created_at > recent_after && creator == creator_sha256)
+            .count();
+        check_export_admission(self.count, self.bytes, actor_recent, cluster_recent, candidate_len)
+    }
+}
+
+async fn collect_export_inventory(api: Arc<ECStore>) -> Result<IlmRecoveryExportInventory> {
+    let mut marker = None;
+    let mut seen_markers = HashSet::new();
+    let mut inventory = IlmRecoveryExportInventory::default();
+    loop {
+        let page = api
+            .clone()
+            .list_objects_v2(
+                RUSTFS_META_BUCKET,
+                &format!("{ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_PREFIX}/"),
+                marker.clone(),
+                None,
+                1_000,
+                false,
+                None,
+                false,
+            )
+            .await?;
+        for object in page.objects {
+            let (_, export_id) = recovery_export_id_from_record_object_name(&object.name)?;
+            let (stored, export) = load_recovery_export_decoded(api.clone(), &export_id).await?;
+            inventory.count = inventory
+                .count
+                .checked_add(1)
+                .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("ILM recovery export count overflow"))?;
+            inventory.bytes = inventory
+                .bytes
+                .checked_add(u64::try_from(stored.encoded.len()).map_err(|_| Error::other("ILM recovery export size overflow"))?)
+                .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("ILM recovery export byte total overflow"))?;
+            inventory
+                .creations
+                .push((export.created_at_unix_nanos, export.creator_sha256));
+        }
+        if !page.is_truncated {
+            break;
+        }
+        let next = page
+            .next_continuation_token
+            .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("ILM recovery export inventory omitted its continuation marker"))?;
+        marker = Some(record_export_inventory_marker(&mut seen_markers, next)?);
+    }
+    Ok(inventory)
+}
+
+fn record_export_inventory_marker(seen_markers: &mut HashSet<String>, next: String) -> Result<String> {
+    if !seen_markers.insert(next.clone()) {
+        return Err(Error::other("ILM recovery export inventory repeated its continuation marker"));
+    }
+    Ok(next)
+}
+
+fn check_export_admission(
+    count: usize,
+    bytes: u64,
+    actor_recent: usize,
+    cluster_recent: usize,
+    candidate_len: usize,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let candidate_len = u64::try_from(candidate_len).map_err(|_| Error::other("ILM recovery export size does not fit u64"))?;
+    if count >= MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORTS
+        || bytes
+            .checked_add(candidate_len)
+            .is_none_or(|total| total > MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_BYTES)
+        || actor_recent >= MAX_ACTOR_EXPORTS_PER_MINUTE
+        || cluster_recent >= MAX_CLUSTER_EXPORTS_PER_MINUTE
+    {
+        return Err(Error::SlowDown);
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn is_legacy_export_schema(schema: &str) -> bool {
+    matches!(schema, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V1_RECOVERY_SCHEMA | TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V2_RECOVERY_SCHEMA)
+}
+
+fn validate_sha256(value: &str, message: &'static str) -> Result<()> {
+    if !is_sha256_checksum(value)
+        || value
+            .bytes()
+            .any(|byte| byte.is_ascii_hexdigit() && byte.is_ascii_uppercase())
+    {
+        return Err(Error::other(message));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn now_unix_nanos() -> Result<i64> {
+    i64::try_from(time::OffsetDateTime::now_utc().unix_timestamp_nanos())
+        .map_err(|_| Error::other("ILM recovery export timestamp does not fit i64"))
+}
+
+#[cfg(test)]
+mod tests {
+    use super::*;
+    use crate::bucket::lifecycle::recovery_control::IlmRecoverySourceCopy;
+
+    const PINNED_V1_EXPORT: &[u8] = br#"{"schema":"rustfs-ilm-recovery-export-v1","content_sha256":"3dfb3ec3892256e909de1211c1a963ca7008963ff32b3a869f7161a7b9b44028","export":{"export_id":"2b78e7a825bfc2edbf7f773d0b6ed3bf93e360ff1702d73a449109c11bfaa105","control_id":"0fcd568a5cb9bdb4677b69354b11ee415af8f784519cff3da49a26f84eaee7f2","protocol":"tier_delete_journal","control_etag":"control-etag","control_revision":1,"classification":"retained_ambiguous","canonical_source_path":"ilm/tier-delete-journal/872072554f66ab326f10ce7adbae11422b7a4b0663aa7112d6061a8f6ed41b94.json","source_generation":{"source_schema":"rustfs-tier-delete-journal-v1","source_etag":"etag-a","content_sha256":"0e0b010ebdeeb7b41473fe8575e989d6bb1303c0ca551dd984e9400f0ae306bd","copy_set_sha256":"5a7406115b6c3923ffe79dcd1f43ccae7beed786e557163f019dd10ec409a653","copies":[{"authority":"pool-0/set-0","canonical_path":"ilm/tier-delete-journal/872072554f66ab326f10ce7adbae11422b7a4b0663aa7112d6061a8f6ed41b94.json","etag":"etag-a","encoded_len":81,"content_sha256":"0e0b010ebdeeb7b41473fe8575e989d6bb1303c0ca551dd984e9400f0ae306bd"}]},"topology_generation":"e6e2b826e31fca5c36125c48f130dcb6f961e698ff8a8776a1f290cf0892e8e6","member_epochs_sha256":"612dd8a861161819a4ad8f6f3e2a0567602877c043a2353ca933a13c78dc0ed4","creator_sha256":"50c9c4aeb40b5b206b6d98f516f8b8c0efd29ce2e56a76b345fb9240c225a1b7","created_at_unix_nanos":1000000000,"retain_until_unix_nanos":7776001000000000,"source_bytes_base64":"eyJ2ZXJzaW9uIjoxLCJvYmpfbmFtZSI6ImxlZ2FjeS9yZW1vdGUiLCJ2ZXJzaW9uX2lkIjoib3BhcXVlIiwidGllcl9uYW1lIjoiV0FSTSJ9"}}"#;
+
+    fn legacy_source() -> Vec<u8> {
+        br#"{"version":1,"obj_name":"legacy/remote","version_id":"opaque","tier_name":"WARM"}"#.to_vec()
+    }
+
+    fn observation() -> IlmRecoveryExportObservation {
+        let source = legacy_source();
+        let source_path = super::super::tier_delete_journal::tier_delete_journal_object_name(
+            &super::super::tier_delete_journal::decode_tier_delete_journal_entry(&source).expect("legacy fixture should decode"),
+        );
+        let source_sha256 = hex_sha256(&source, ToOwned::to_owned);
+        let generation = IlmRecoverySourceGeneration::new(
+            TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V1_RECOVERY_SCHEMA,
+            "etag-a",
+            source_sha256.clone(),
+            vec![IlmRecoverySourceCopy {
+                authority: "pool-0/set-0".to_string(),
+                canonical_path: source_path.clone(),
+                etag: "etag-a".to_string(),
+                encoded_len: source.len() as u64,
+                content_sha256: source_sha256,
+            }],
+        )
+        .expect("generation should be valid");
+        IlmRecoveryExportObservation {
+            control_id: hex_sha256(b"control", ToOwned::to_owned),
+            protocol: IlmRecoveryProtocol::TierDeleteJournal,
+            control_etag: "control-etag".to_string(),
+            control_revision: 1,
+            classification: IlmRecoveryClassification::RetainedAmbiguous,
+            canonical_source_path: source_path,
+            source_generation: generation,
+            topology_generation: hex_sha256(b"topology", ToOwned::to_owned),
+            member_epochs_sha256: hex_sha256(b"epochs", ToOwned::to_owned),
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recovery_export_round_trip_is_strict_and_deterministic() {
+        let observed = observation();
+        let creator = hex_sha256(b"actor", ToOwned::to_owned);
+        let export = build_export_from_source(
+            &observed,
+            &creator,
+            1_000_000_000,
+            &base64_simd::STANDARD.encode_to_string(legacy_source()),
+        )
+        .expect("export should be valid");
+        assert_eq!(
+            export.export_id,
+            recovery_export_id(&observed.control_id, &observed.source_generation).unwrap()
+        );
+        let encoded = export.encode().expect("export should encode");
+        assert_eq!(encoded, PINNED_V1_EXPORT, "v1 export wire format must remain pinned");
+        assert_eq!(IlmRecoveryExport::decode(&export.export_id, &encoded).unwrap(), export);
+        assert_eq!(
+            IlmRecoveryExport::decode("2b78e7a825bfc2edbf7f773d0b6ed3bf93e360ff1702d73a449109c11bfaa105", PINNED_V1_EXPORT)
+                .unwrap(),
+            export,
+        );
+
+        let path = recovery_export_record_object_name(export.protocol, &export.export_id).unwrap();
+        let durable = super::super::durable_namespace::validate_durable_ilm_record(&path, &encoded)
+            .expect("export should be registered as a durable ILM record");
+        assert_eq!(durable.namespace, "recovery-export");
+        assert_eq!(durable.id_kind, "export_id");
+        assert_eq!(durable.id, export.export_id);
+
+        let mut wrong_source = export.clone();
+        wrong_source.source_bytes_base64 = base64_simd::STANDARD.encode_to_string(b"changed");
+        assert!(wrong_source.encode().is_err());
+
+        let mut persisted: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_slice(&encoded).unwrap();
+        persisted["unknown"] = serde_json::json!(true);
+        assert!(IlmRecoveryExport::decode(&export.export_id, &serde_json::to_vec(&persisted).unwrap()).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn export_inventory_rejects_non_adjacent_continuation_cycles() {
+        let mut seen = HashSet::new();
+        assert_eq!(record_export_inventory_marker(&mut seen, "a".to_string()).unwrap(), "a");
+        assert_eq!(record_export_inventory_marker(&mut seen, "b".to_string()).unwrap(), "b");
+        record_export_inventory_marker(&mut seen, "a".to_string())
+            .expect_err("a non-adjacent continuation marker cycle must fail closed");
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn recovery_export_path_rejects_noncanonical_shards() {
+        let id = hex_sha256(b"export", ToOwned::to_owned);
+        let path = recovery_export_record_object_name(IlmRecoveryProtocol::TierDeleteJournal, &id).unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(recovery_export_id_from_record_object_name(&path).unwrap().1, id);
+        let wrong_shard = path.replacen(&format!("/{}/", &id[..2]), "/zz/", 1);
+        assert!(recovery_export_id_from_record_object_name(&wrong_shard).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn canonical_replay_survives_fleet_rotation_but_not_source_change() {
+        let observed = observation();
+        let creator = hex_sha256(b"actor", ToOwned::to_owned);
+        let export = build_export_from_source(
+            &observed,
+            &creator,
+            1_000_000_000,
+            &base64_simd::STANDARD.encode_to_string(legacy_source()),
+        )
+        .unwrap();
+        let mut rotated = observed;
+        rotated.control_etag = "new-control-etag".to_string();
+        rotated.control_revision += 1;
+        rotated.topology_generation = hex_sha256(b"new-topology", ToOwned::to_owned);
+        rotated.member_epochs_sha256 = hex_sha256(b"new-members", ToOwned::to_owned);
+        assert!(export_matches_observation(&export, &rotated));
+
+        rotated.source_generation.content_sha256 = hex_sha256(b"changed", ToOwned::to_owned);
+        assert!(!export_matches_observation(&export, &rotated));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn export_admission_enforces_exact_count_byte_and_rate_boundaries() {
+        assert!(check_export_admission(9_999, MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_BYTES - 1, 9, 99, 1).is_ok());
+        assert!(check_export_admission(10_000, 0, 0, 0, 1).is_err());
+        assert!(check_export_admission(0, MAX_ILM_RECOVERY_EXPORT_BYTES, 0, 0, 1).is_err());
+        assert!(check_export_admission(0, 0, 10, 0, 1).is_err());
+        assert!(check_export_admission(0, 0, 0, 100, 1).is_err());
+    }
+}

crates/ecstore/src/bucket/lifecycle/tier_delete_journal.rs

@@ -35,6 +35,10 @@ use crate::bucket::lifecycle::config_boundary;
 use crate::bucket::lifecycle::durable_namespace::{
     TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_NAMESPACE, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V6_NAMESPACE, validate_durable_ilm_record,
 };
+use crate::bucket::lifecycle::recovery_control::{
+    IlmRecoveryClassification, IlmRecoveryControl, IlmRecoveryControlIdentity, IlmRecoveryErrorCode, IlmRecoveryProtocol,
+    load_recovery_control, observe_recovery_source, save_recovery_control_if_absent,
+};
 use crate::bucket::lifecycle::runtime_boundary;
 use crate::bucket::lifecycle::tier_sweeper::{
     Jentry, TierDeleteDispatchBinding, TierDeleteJournalState, TierDeleteSourceIdentity,
@@ -78,6 +82,13 @@ const TIER_DELETE_DISPATCH_MEMBER_DELETE_CONCURRENCY: usize = 32;
 const TIER_DELETE_DISPATCH_PREPARE_CONCURRENCY: usize = 16;
 const TIER_DELETE_DISPATCH_CAS_CONCURRENCY: usize = 32;
 const TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_VERSION: u8 = 2;
+pub(crate) const TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V1_RECOVERY_SCHEMA: &str = "rustfs-tier-delete-journal-v1";
+pub(crate) const TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V2_RECOVERY_SCHEMA: &str = "rustfs-tier-delete-journal-v2";
+const TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_UNKNOWN_RECOVERY_SCHEMA: &str = "rustfs-tier-delete-journal-unknown";
+const TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V1_RECOVERY_CLASS: &str = "tier_delete_journal_v1";
+const TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V2_RECOVERY_CLASS: &str = "tier_delete_journal_v2";
+const TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_CORRUPT_RECOVERY_CLASS: &str = "tier_delete_journal_corrupt";
+const CORRUPT_TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_IDENTITY: &str = "corrupt";
 const TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_EXACT_VERSION: u8 = 3;
 const TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_STATE_VERSION: u8 = 4;
 const TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_TRANSACTION_VERSION: u8 = 5;
@@ -873,6 +884,23 @@ struct PersistedTierDeleteJournalEntry {
 }
 
 impl PersistedTierDeleteJournalEntry {
+    fn validate_legacy_recovery_shape(&self) -> Result<()> {
+        let has_later_version_fields = self.version_id_exact.is_some()
+            || self.version_state.is_some()
+            || self.state.is_some()
+            || self.source.is_some()
+            || self.dispatch.is_some();
+        match self.version {
+            1 if self.backend_identity.is_none() && !has_later_version_fields => Ok(()),
+            TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_VERSION if self.backend_identity.is_some() && !has_later_version_fields => Ok(()),
+            1 => Err(Error::other("tier delete journal v1 entry contains fields from a later version")),
+            TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_VERSION => Err(Error::other(
+                "tier delete journal v2 entry is missing its identity or contains fields from a later version",
+            )),
+            _ => Err(Error::other("tier delete journal is not an exportable legacy version")),
+        }
+    }
+
     fn from_jentry(je: &Jentry) -> Result<Self> {
         validate_version_state(je.version_state, &je.version_id, je.version_id_exact)?;
         let legacy_unknown = je.version_state == rustfs_filemeta::TransitionVersionState::Unknown;
@@ -5509,6 +5537,146 @@ enum TierDeleteJournalEntryRecoveryOutcome {
     Failed,
 }
 
+fn canonical_legacy_tier_delete_journal_identity(object_name: &str) -> Option<&str> {
+    let identity = object_name
+        .strip_prefix(TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_LEGACY_PREFIX)?
+        .strip_suffix(".json")?;
+    (rustfs_utils::crypto::is_sha256_checksum(identity)
+        && !identity
+            .bytes()
+            .any(|byte| byte.is_ascii_hexdigit() && byte.is_ascii_uppercase()))
+    .then_some(identity)
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn validate_legacy_tier_delete_recovery_path(object_name: &str) -> Result<()> {
+    canonical_legacy_tier_delete_journal_identity(object_name)
+        .map(|_| ())
+        .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("legacy tier delete journal path is not canonical"))
+}
+
+fn legacy_tier_delete_recovery_descriptor(entry: &Jentry) -> Option<(&'static str, &'static str)> {
+    match entry.persisted_version {
+        1 => Some((TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V1_RECOVERY_SCHEMA, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V1_RECOVERY_CLASS)),
+        TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_VERSION => Some((TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V2_RECOVERY_SCHEMA, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V2_RECOVERY_CLASS)),
+        _ => None,
+    }
+}
+
+pub(crate) fn validate_legacy_tier_delete_recovery_source(object_name: &str, source_schema: &str, data: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
+    validate_legacy_tier_delete_recovery_path(object_name)?;
+    let persisted: PersistedTierDeleteJournalEntry =
+        serde_json::from_slice(data).map_err(|err| Error::other_with_context("decode tier delete journal failed", err))?;
+    persisted.validate_legacy_recovery_shape()?;
+    let entry = persisted.into_jentry()?;
+    let Some((decoded_schema, _)) = legacy_tier_delete_recovery_descriptor(&entry) else {
+        return Err(Error::other("tier delete journal is not an exportable legacy version"));
+    };
+    if decoded_schema != source_schema || tier_delete_journal_object_name(&entry) != object_name {
+        return Err(Error::other("legacy tier delete journal identity does not match its recovery source"));
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+fn legacy_tier_delete_control_matches(
+    control: &IlmRecoveryControl,
+    identity: &IlmRecoveryControlIdentity,
+    generation: &crate::bucket::lifecycle::recovery_control::IlmRecoverySourceGeneration,
+    classification: IlmRecoveryClassification,
+    error_code: IlmRecoveryErrorCode,
+) -> bool {
+    control.identity == *identity
+        && control.observed_source_generation == *generation
+        && control.classification == classification
+        && control.last_error_code == error_code
+        && control.owner.is_none()
+        && control.attempt_count == 0
+        && control.consecutive_failure_count == 0
+}
+
+fn legacy_tier_delete_control_is_scheduler_fence(control: &IlmRecoveryControl, identity: &IlmRecoveryControlIdentity) -> bool {
+    control.identity == *identity && control.owner.is_none() && !control.classification.permits_automatic_attempt()
+}
+
+async fn persist_legacy_tier_delete_recovery_control(
+    api: Arc<ECStore>,
+    object_name: &str,
+    observed_data: &[u8],
+    stable_operation_identity: String,
+    (source_schema, record_class): (&'static str, &'static str),
+    intended_classification: IlmRecoveryClassification,
+    intended_error_code: IlmRecoveryErrorCode,
+) -> Result<()> {
+    let identity = IlmRecoveryControlIdentity {
+        protocol: IlmRecoveryProtocol::TierDeleteJournal,
+        canonical_source_path: object_name.to_string(),
+        stable_operation_identity,
+        record_class: record_class.to_string(),
+    };
+    let control_id = identity.source_operation_digest().map_err(Error::other)?;
+    match load_recovery_control(api.clone(), IlmRecoveryProtocol::TierDeleteJournal, &control_id).await {
+        Ok(observed) if legacy_tier_delete_control_is_scheduler_fence(&observed.control, &identity) => return Ok(()),
+        Ok(_) => return Err(Error::PreconditionFailed),
+        Err(Error::ConfigNotFound) => {}
+        Err(err) => return Err(err),
+    }
+
+    let source = observe_recovery_source(api.clone(), object_name, source_schema).await?;
+    let exact_source = source.is_consistent() && source.canonical_data.as_deref() == Some(observed_data);
+    let (classification, error_code) = if exact_source {
+        (intended_classification, intended_error_code)
+    } else {
+        (IlmRecoveryClassification::Corrupt, IlmRecoveryErrorCode::SourceDivergent)
+    };
+    let candidate = IlmRecoveryControl::new(
+        identity.clone(),
+        source.generation.clone(),
+        classification,
+        i64::try_from(time::OffsetDateTime::now_utc().unix_timestamp_nanos())
+            .map_err(|_| Error::other("tier delete journal recovery timestamp does not fit i64"))?,
+        error_code,
+    )
+    .map_err(Error::other)?;
+
+    match save_recovery_control_if_absent(api.clone(), &candidate).await {
+        Ok(()) | Err(Error::PreconditionFailed) => {}
+        Err(save_error) => match load_recovery_control(api.clone(), IlmRecoveryProtocol::TierDeleteJournal, &control_id).await {
+            Ok(observed)
+                if legacy_tier_delete_control_matches(
+                    &observed.control,
+                    &identity,
+                    &source.generation,
+                    classification,
+                    error_code,
+                ) =>
+            {
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            Ok(_) | Err(_) => return Err(save_error),
+        },
+    }
+
+    let observed = load_recovery_control(api, IlmRecoveryProtocol::TierDeleteJournal, &control_id).await?;
+    if !legacy_tier_delete_control_matches(&observed.control, &identity, &source.generation, classification, error_code) {
+        return Err(Error::PreconditionFailed);
+    }
+    Ok(())
+}
+
+async fn retain_corrupt_legacy_tier_delete_journal(api: Arc<ECStore>, object_name: &str, data: &[u8]) -> Result<()> {
+    canonical_legacy_tier_delete_journal_identity(object_name)
+        .ok_or_else(|| Error::other("tier delete journal path is not canonical"))?;
+    persist_legacy_tier_delete_recovery_control(
+        api,
+        object_name,
+        data,
+        CORRUPT_TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_IDENTITY.to_string(),
+        (TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_UNKNOWN_RECOVERY_SCHEMA, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_CORRUPT_RECOVERY_CLASS),
+        IlmRecoveryClassification::Corrupt,
+        IlmRecoveryErrorCode::SourceCorrupt,
+    )
+    .await
+}
+
 async fn recover_tier_delete_journal_entry(api: Arc<ECStore>, object_name: String) -> TierDeleteJournalEntryRecoveryOutcome {
     let data = match config_boundary::read_config(api.clone(), &object_name).await {
         Ok(data) => data,
@@ -5529,6 +5697,22 @@ async fn recover_tier_delete_journal_entry(api: Arc<ECStore>, object_name: Strin
     let je = match decode_tier_delete_journal_entry(&data) {
         Ok(je) => je,
         Err(err) => {
+            if canonical_legacy_tier_delete_journal_identity(&object_name).is_some() {
+                return match retain_corrupt_legacy_tier_delete_journal(api, &object_name, &data).await {
+                    Ok(()) => TierDeleteJournalEntryRecoveryOutcome::Retained,
+                    Err(control_error) => {
+                        warn!(
+                            event = EVENT_LIFECYCLE_TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL,
+                            component = LOG_COMPONENT_ECSTORE,
+                            subsystem = LOG_SUBSYSTEM_LIFECYCLE,
+                            journal_object = %object_name,
+                            error = ?control_error,
+                            "Failed to retain corrupt tier delete journal recovery control"
+                        );
+                        TierDeleteJournalEntryRecoveryOutcome::Failed
+                    }
+                };
+            }
             warn!(
                 event = EVENT_LIFECYCLE_TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL,
                 component = LOG_COMPONENT_ECSTORE,
@@ -5542,6 +5726,22 @@ async fn recover_tier_delete_journal_entry(api: Arc<ECStore>, object_name: Strin
     };
 
     if tier_delete_journal_object_name(&je) != object_name {
+        if canonical_legacy_tier_delete_journal_identity(&object_name).is_some() {
+            return match retain_corrupt_legacy_tier_delete_journal(api, &object_name, &data).await {
+                Ok(()) => TierDeleteJournalEntryRecoveryOutcome::Retained,
+                Err(err) => {
+                    warn!(
+                        event = EVENT_LIFECYCLE_TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL,
+                        component = LOG_COMPONENT_ECSTORE,
+                        subsystem = LOG_SUBSYSTEM_LIFECYCLE,
+                        journal_object = %object_name,
+                        error = ?err,
+                        "Failed to retain mismatched tier delete journal recovery control"
+                    );
+                    TierDeleteJournalEntryRecoveryOutcome::Failed
+                }
+            };
+        }
         warn!(
             event = EVENT_LIFECYCLE_TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL,
             component = LOG_COMPONENT_ECSTORE,
@@ -5552,6 +5752,36 @@ async fn recover_tier_delete_journal_entry(api: Arc<ECStore>, object_name: Strin
         return TierDeleteJournalEntryRecoveryOutcome::Failed;
     }
 
+    if let Some((source_schema, record_class)) = legacy_tier_delete_recovery_descriptor(&je) {
+        let stable_operation_identity = canonical_legacy_tier_delete_journal_identity(&object_name)
+            .expect("decoded legacy journal path was validated against its canonical object name")
+            .to_string();
+        return match persist_legacy_tier_delete_recovery_control(
+            api,
+            &object_name,
+            &data,
+            stable_operation_identity,
+            (source_schema, record_class),
+            IlmRecoveryClassification::RetainedAmbiguous,
+            IlmRecoveryErrorCode::RemoteVersionUnknown,
+        )
+        .await
+        {
+            Ok(()) => TierDeleteJournalEntryRecoveryOutcome::Retained,
+            Err(err) => {
+                warn!(
+                    event = EVENT_LIFECYCLE_TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL,
+                    component = LOG_COMPONENT_ECSTORE,
+                    subsystem = LOG_SUBSYSTEM_LIFECYCLE,
+                    journal_object = %object_name,
+                    error = ?err,
+                    "Failed to retain legacy tier delete journal recovery control"
+                );
+                TierDeleteJournalEntryRecoveryOutcome::Failed
+            }
+        };
+    }
+
     match api
         .durable_ilm_terminal_receipt_covers_active_source(&object_name, &data)
         .await
@@ -5948,17 +6178,18 @@ where
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::{
-        TIER_DELETE_DISPATCH_MANIFEST_VERSION, TIER_DELETE_DISPATCH_PARENT_RECORD_TYPE, TIER_DELETE_DISPATCH_PARENT_VERSION,
-        TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_EXACT_VERSION, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_LEGACY_PREFIX, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_SOLE_OWNER_VERSION,
-        TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_STATE_VERSION, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_TRANSACTION_VERSION, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V6_PREFIX,
-        TierDeleteDispatchChunkBinding, TierDeleteDispatchManifest, TierDeleteDispatchManifestState, TierDeleteDispatchParent,
-        TierDeleteDispatchParentState, TierDeleteDispatchRecord, await_tier_delete_journal_recovery,
+        PersistedTierDeleteJournalEntry, TIER_DELETE_DISPATCH_MANIFEST_VERSION, TIER_DELETE_DISPATCH_PARENT_RECORD_TYPE,
+        TIER_DELETE_DISPATCH_PARENT_VERSION, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_EXACT_VERSION, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_LEGACY_PREFIX,
+        TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_SOLE_OWNER_VERSION, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_STATE_VERSION, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_TRANSACTION_VERSION,
+        TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V1_RECOVERY_SCHEMA, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V2_RECOVERY_SCHEMA, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V6_PREFIX,
+        TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_VERSION, TierDeleteDispatchChunkBinding, TierDeleteDispatchManifest, TierDeleteDispatchManifestState,
+        TierDeleteDispatchParent, TierDeleteDispatchParentState, TierDeleteDispatchRecord, await_tier_delete_journal_recovery,
         decode_tier_delete_dispatch_record, decode_tier_delete_journal_entry, encode_tier_delete_dispatch_manifest,
         encode_tier_delete_dispatch_parent, encode_tier_delete_journal_entry, object_info_references_tier_delete,
         record_tier_delete_journal_backend_identity, same_tier_delete_authorization_identity, same_tier_delete_journal_identity,
         tier_delete_dispatch_child_matches_parent, tier_delete_dispatch_chunk_manifest_object_name,
         tier_delete_dispatch_journal_set_digest, tier_delete_dispatch_manifest_object_name, tier_delete_journal_object_name,
-        tier_delete_source_matches_dispatch_scope,
+        tier_delete_source_matches_dispatch_scope, validate_legacy_tier_delete_recovery_source,
     };
     use crate::bucket::lifecycle::tier_sweeper::{
         Jentry, TierDeleteDispatchBinding, TierDeleteJournalState, TierDeleteSourceIdentity,
@@ -6417,6 +6648,72 @@ mod tests {
         }
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn legacy_recovery_export_rejects_fields_from_later_journal_versions() {
+        let later = bound_v6_journal_entry(TierDeleteJournalState::Prepared);
+        let v1 = PersistedTierDeleteJournalEntry {
+            version: 1,
+            obj_name: "remote/object".to_string(),
+            version_id: "opaque".to_string(),
+            tier_name: "WARM".to_string(),
+            backend_identity: None,
+            version_id_exact: None,
+            version_state: None,
+            state: None,
+            source: None,
+            dispatch: None,
+        };
+        let mut v2 = v1.clone();
+        v2.version = TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_VERSION;
+        v2.backend_identity = Some([7; 32]);
+
+        let assert_rejected = |persisted: PersistedTierDeleteJournalEntry, schema: &str| {
+            let normalized = persisted
+                .clone()
+                .into_jentry()
+                .expect("the generic compatibility decoder should demonstrate the discarded field");
+            let object_name = tier_delete_journal_object_name(&normalized);
+            let encoded = serde_json::to_vec(&persisted).expect("mixed-version journal fixture should encode");
+            let err = validate_legacy_tier_delete_recovery_source(&object_name, schema, &encoded)
+                .expect_err("legacy recovery export must reject fields from later versions");
+            assert!(err.to_string().contains("later version"));
+        };
+
+        let mut invalid_v1 = Vec::new();
+        let mut with_backend = v1.clone();
+        with_backend.backend_identity = Some([7; 32]);
+        invalid_v1.push(with_backend);
+        for persisted in [&v1, &v2] {
+            let schema = if persisted.version == 1 {
+                TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V1_RECOVERY_SCHEMA
+            } else {
+                TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V2_RECOVERY_SCHEMA
+            };
+            let mut invalid = Vec::new();
+            let mut with_exact = persisted.clone();
+            with_exact.version_id_exact = Some(false);
+            invalid.push(with_exact);
+            let mut with_version_state = persisted.clone();
+            with_version_state.version_state = Some(rustfs_filemeta::TransitionVersionState::Unknown);
+            invalid.push(with_version_state);
+            let mut with_state = persisted.clone();
+            with_state.state = Some(TierDeleteJournalState::Committed);
+            invalid.push(with_state);
+            let mut with_source = persisted.clone();
+            with_source.source = later.source.clone();
+            invalid.push(with_source);
+            let mut with_dispatch = persisted.clone();
+            with_dispatch.dispatch = later.dispatch.clone();
+            invalid.push(with_dispatch);
+            for record in invalid {
+                assert_rejected(record, schema);
+            }
+        }
+        for record in invalid_v1 {
+            assert_rejected(record, TIER_DELETE_JOURNAL_V1_RECOVERY_SCHEMA);
+        }
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn tier_delete_journal_path_is_stable_and_sanitized() {
         let je = journal_entry();

crates/ecstore/src/bucket/lifecycle/tier_sweeper.rs

@@ -575,7 +575,7 @@ pub(crate) async fn delete_confirmed_transition_candidate_exact_with_lease_idemp
 #[cfg(test)]
 static CONFIRMED_TRANSITION_EMPTY_GUARD_DISPATCHES: std::sync::atomic::AtomicUsize = std::sync::atomic::AtomicUsize::new(0);
 
-#[cfg(test)]
+#[cfg(all(test, feature = "test-util"))]
 pub(crate) async fn delete_confirmed_transition_candidate_exact_with_manager_and_identity(
     obj_name: &str,
     rv_id: &str,
@@ -706,15 +706,16 @@ pub(crate) fn transitioned_delete_journal_entry_for_source(
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod test {
+    #[cfg(feature = "test-util")]
+    use super::delete_confirmed_transition_candidate_exact_with_manager_and_identity;
     use rustfs_s3_client::signer_error::invalid_utf8_header_error;
 
     use super::{
         CONFIRMED_TRANSITION_EMPTY_GUARD_DISPATCHES, ERR_REMOTE_DELETE_BREAKER_OPEN, ERR_REMOTE_DELETE_LIMITER_CLOSED, Jentry,
         RemoteDeleteBreaker, RemoteTierDeleteOutcome, TierDeleteJournalState, TierDeleteSourceIdentity,
-        delete_confirmed_transition_candidate_exact_with_manager_and_identity, delete_object_from_remote_tier_idempotent,
-        delete_object_from_remote_tier_idempotent_with_manager_and_identity, is_remote_tier_not_found_error,
-        is_signer_header_error, lifecycle, set_remote_tier_delete_test_hook, should_record_remote_delete_failure,
-        transitioned_delete_journal_entry, transitioned_force_delete_journal_entry,
+        delete_object_from_remote_tier_idempotent, delete_object_from_remote_tier_idempotent_with_manager_and_identity,
+        is_remote_tier_not_found_error, is_signer_header_error, lifecycle, set_remote_tier_delete_test_hook,
+        should_record_remote_delete_failure, transitioned_delete_journal_entry, transitioned_force_delete_journal_entry,
     };
     use crate::storage_api_contracts::lifecycle::TransitionedObject;
     use rustfs_filemeta::TransitionVersionState;

crates/ecstore/src/bucket/metadata.rs

@@ -791,9 +791,22 @@ impl BucketMetadata {
         }
     }
 
+    /// Replace one config payload and stamp its `*_config_updated_at` with the
+    /// local clock. This is the entry for edits that originate here: the
+    /// local write time is the edit's source time.
     pub fn update_config(&mut self, config_file: &str, data: Vec<u8>) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
-        let updated = OffsetDateTime::now_utc();
+        self.update_config_at(config_file, data, OffsetDateTime::now_utc())
+    }
 
+    /// [`Self::update_config`] with an explicit `updated_at` stamp.
+    ///
+    /// For a config replicated from another site the edit's source time is
+    /// the peer's `updated_at`, not the moment it lands here: staleness of
+    /// the next incoming item is judged against the stored stamp, so stamping
+    /// the local apply time would reject a newer source edit that was merely
+    /// delivered late (backlog#2292). Only replication receivers should pass
+    /// a foreign time; local edits keep [`Self::update_config`].
+    pub fn update_config_at(&mut self, config_file: &str, data: Vec<u8>, updated: OffsetDateTime) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
         match config_file {
             BUCKET_POLICY_CONFIG => {
                 self.policy_config_json = data;
@@ -1525,6 +1538,39 @@ mod test {
         assert_eq!(metadata.bucket_incarnation_id, incarnation);
     }
 
+    /// backlog#2292: a replicated config is stamped with the source
+    /// `updated_at` it was given, not the local clock, while the plain
+    /// `update_config` entry keeps stamping the local clock.
+    #[test]
+    fn update_config_at_stamps_the_given_time_and_update_config_stamps_now() {
+        let source_time = OffsetDateTime::now_utc() - time::Duration::hours(3);
+        let mut metadata = BucketMetadata::new("source-stamped");
+
+        let stamped = metadata
+            .update_config_at(BUCKET_POLICY_CONFIG, br#"{"Version":"2012-10-17","Statement":[]}"#.to_vec(), source_time)
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(stamped, source_time);
+        assert_eq!(metadata.policy_config_updated_at, source_time);
+
+        let tagging = b"<Tagging><TagSet><Tag><Key>k</Key><Value>v</Value></Tag></TagSet></Tagging>".to_vec();
+        let stamped = metadata
+            .update_config_at(BUCKET_TAGGING_CONFIG, tagging, source_time)
+            .unwrap();
+        assert_eq!(stamped, source_time);
+        assert_eq!(metadata.tagging_config_updated_at, source_time);
+
+        let before = OffsetDateTime::now_utc();
+        let stamped = metadata
+            .update_config(BUCKET_POLICY_CONFIG, br#"{"Version":"2012-10-17","Statement":[]}"#.to_vec())
+            .unwrap();
+        assert!(stamped >= before, "a local edit is stamped with the local clock");
+        assert_eq!(metadata.policy_config_updated_at, stamped);
+        assert_eq!(
+            metadata.tagging_config_updated_at, source_time,
+            "restamping one config must not move another config's stamp"
+        );
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn object_locking_requires_lock_metadata_not_plain_versioning() {
         use s3s::dto::ObjectLockEnabled;
@@ -1611,6 +1657,34 @@ mod test {
         assert!(bm.bucket_target_config.is_none());
     }
 
+    /// rustfs/backlog#2309: the MinIO-origin `.metadata.bin` this repository
+    /// already carries as a compatibility fixture stores
+    /// `BucketTargetsConfigJSON` as a bare JSON array, which `BucketTargets`
+    /// (a `{"targets":[…]}` struct with no array fallback) cannot decode. The
+    /// bytes below are the exact payload the fixture in
+    /// `metadata_test.rs::TEST_BUCKET_METADATA_HEX` decodes to, so if RustFS
+    /// ever grows the array-shaped compatibility parse, this test is where the
+    /// upgrade break is pinned and where the decision has to be recorded.
+    #[test]
+    fn minio_array_shaped_bucket_targets_are_unreadable() {
+        let minio_array = br#"[{"endpoint":"http://target.example.com","targetBucket":"tb","region":"us-east-1"}]"#.to_vec();
+        let mut bm = BucketMetadata::new("minio-array-targets");
+        bm.bucket_targets_config_json = minio_array.clone();
+
+        bm.parse_all_configs()
+            .expect("a MinIO-shaped targets blob must not fail the whole metadata load");
+
+        assert!(
+            bm.bucket_targets_unreadable(),
+            "an array-shaped MinIO targets blob is unreadable, not an empty target set"
+        );
+        assert!(bm.bucket_target_config.is_none());
+        assert_eq!(
+            bm.bucket_targets_config_json, minio_array,
+            "the raw MinIO bytes must survive so the configuration stays recoverable"
+        );
+    }
+
     /// The invariant every branch of `parse_all_configs` shares: a stored but
     /// undecodable payload keeps its raw bytes and leaves the typed field
     /// `None`, so no branch fabricates a value. What a reader may then do with

crates/ecstore/src/bucket/metadata_sys.rs

@@ -54,6 +54,9 @@ pub type BucketConfigPublishHook = Box<dyn Fn(&str, &str, Option<(&[u8], OffsetD
 pub static BUCKET_CONFIG_PUBLISH_HOOK: std::sync::OnceLock<BucketConfigPublishHook> = std::sync::OnceLock::new();
 
 const BUCKET_METADATA_REFRESH_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(15 * 60);
+const LOG_COMPONENT_ECSTORE: &str = "ecstore";
+const LOG_SUBSYSTEM_BUCKET_METADATA: &str = "bucket_metadata";
+const EVENT_BUCKET_METADATA_LOAD_FAILED: &str = "bucket_metadata_load_failed";
 
 #[cfg(any(test, feature = "test-util"))]
 struct ConfigWriteLockProbeState {
@@ -567,6 +570,32 @@ pub async fn update_if_incarnation(
         config_file,
         data,
         Some(expected_incarnation_id),
+        None,
+    ))
+    .await
+}
+
+/// [`update_if_incarnation`] stamping the config with `updated_at` instead of
+/// the local clock.
+///
+/// For a site-replication receiver the edit's source time is the peer's
+/// `updated_at`; persisting it keeps the stored `*_config_updated_at` on the
+/// source clock so the next item's staleness is judged source-time against
+/// source-time (backlog#2292). See [`BucketMetadata::update_config_at`].
+pub async fn update_if_incarnation_at(
+    bucket: &str,
+    config_file: &str,
+    data: Vec<u8>,
+    expected_incarnation_id: Uuid,
+    updated_at: OffsetDateTime,
+) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
+    Box::pin(update_with_sys_expected(
+        get_bucket_metadata_sys()?,
+        bucket,
+        config_file,
+        data,
+        Some(expected_incarnation_id),
+        Some(updated_at),
     ))
     .await
 }
@@ -577,6 +606,30 @@ pub async fn delete_if_incarnation(bucket: &str, config_file: &str, expected_inc
         bucket,
         config_file,
         Some(expected_incarnation_id),
+        None,
+    ))
+    .await
+}
+
+/// [`delete_if_incarnation`] stamping the cleared config with `updated_at`
+/// (a replicated deletion's source time) instead of the local clock.
+///
+/// The stamp survives the deletion as the config's `*_config_updated_at`, and
+/// that is what the next incoming item is judged against: a local stamp on
+/// the delete would reject a newer source re-create that was merely delivered
+/// later (backlog#2292). See [`update_if_incarnation_at`].
+pub async fn delete_if_incarnation_at(
+    bucket: &str,
+    config_file: &str,
+    expected_incarnation_id: Uuid,
+    updated_at: OffsetDateTime,
+) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
+    Box::pin(delete_with_sys_expected(
+        get_bucket_metadata_sys()?,
+        bucket,
+        config_file,
+        Some(expected_incarnation_id),
+        Some(updated_at),
     ))
     .await
 }
@@ -598,34 +651,41 @@ async fn update_with_sys(
     config_file: &str,
     data: Vec<u8>,
 ) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
-    update_with_sys_expected(sys, bucket, config_file, data, None).await
+    update_with_sys_expected(sys, bucket, config_file, data, None, None).await
 }
 
+/// `updated_at` is the stamp persisted on the config; `None` uses the local
+/// clock (the edit originates here), `Some` carries a replicated edit's
+/// source time (backlog#2292).
 async fn update_with_sys_expected(
     sys: Arc<RwLock<BucketMetadataSys>>,
     bucket: &str,
     config_file: &str,
     data: Vec<u8>,
     expected_incarnation_id: Option<Uuid>,
+    updated_at: Option<OffsetDateTime>,
 ) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
     let guard = acquire_config_write_guard_for_incarnation(sys.clone(), bucket, expected_incarnation_id).await?;
-    update_under_config_write_guard(sys, &guard, config_file, data).await
+    update_under_config_write_guard(sys, &guard, config_file, data, updated_at).await
 }
 
 /// [`delete`] against an explicitly supplied metadata system. See
 /// [`update_with_sys`].
 async fn delete_with_sys(sys: Arc<RwLock<BucketMetadataSys>>, bucket: &str, config_file: &str) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
-    delete_with_sys_expected(sys, bucket, config_file, None).await
+    delete_with_sys_expected(sys, bucket, config_file, None, None).await
 }
 
+/// `updated_at`: `None` stamps the local clock; `Some` persists a replicated
+/// deletion's source time (backlog#2292).
 async fn delete_with_sys_expected(
     sys: Arc<RwLock<BucketMetadataSys>>,
     bucket: &str,
     config_file: &str,
     expected_incarnation_id: Option<Uuid>,
+    updated_at: Option<OffsetDateTime>,
 ) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
     let guard = acquire_config_write_guard_for_incarnation(sys.clone(), bucket, expected_incarnation_id).await?;
-    delete_under_config_write_guard(sys, &guard, config_file).await
+    delete_under_config_write_guard(sys, &guard, config_file, updated_at).await
 }
 
 /// Owns the complete bucket-config mutation fence.
@@ -772,7 +832,21 @@ pub async fn update_under_transaction_lock(
     data: Vec<u8>,
 ) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
     guard.ensure_valid(bucket)?;
-    update_under_config_write_guard(get_bucket_metadata_sys()?, guard, config_file, data).await
+    update_under_config_write_guard(get_bucket_metadata_sys()?, guard, config_file, data, None).await
+}
+
+/// [`update_under_transaction_lock`] stamping the config with `updated_at`
+/// (a replicated edit's source time) instead of the local clock; see
+/// [`update_if_incarnation_at`] (backlog#2292).
+pub async fn update_under_transaction_lock_at(
+    guard: &BucketMetadataMutationGuard,
+    bucket: &str,
+    config_file: &str,
+    data: Vec<u8>,
+    updated_at: OffsetDateTime,
+) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
+    guard.ensure_valid(bucket)?;
+    update_under_config_write_guard(get_bucket_metadata_sys()?, guard, config_file, data, Some(updated_at)).await
 }
 
 /// Clear one config file while the caller holds this bucket's transaction lock.
@@ -782,7 +856,7 @@ pub async fn delete_under_transaction_lock(
     config_file: &str,
 ) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
     guard.ensure_valid(bucket)?;
-    delete_under_config_write_guard(get_bucket_metadata_sys()?, guard, config_file).await
+    delete_under_config_write_guard(get_bucket_metadata_sys()?, guard, config_file, None).await
 }
 
 pub async fn update_quota_if_incarnation(
@@ -790,6 +864,29 @@ pub async fn update_quota_if_incarnation(
     data: Vec<u8>,
     expected_incarnation_id: Uuid,
     proof: &crate::services::notification_sys::CrossPoolFenceFleetProofToken,
+) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
+    update_quota_if_incarnation_stamped(bucket, data, expected_incarnation_id, proof, None).await
+}
+
+/// [`update_quota_if_incarnation`] stamping the quota config with
+/// `updated_at` (a replicated edit's source time) instead of the local
+/// clock; see [`update_if_incarnation_at`] (backlog#2292).
+pub async fn update_quota_if_incarnation_at(
+    bucket: &str,
+    data: Vec<u8>,
+    expected_incarnation_id: Uuid,
+    proof: &crate::services::notification_sys::CrossPoolFenceFleetProofToken,
+    updated_at: OffsetDateTime,
+) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
+    update_quota_if_incarnation_stamped(bucket, data, expected_incarnation_id, proof, Some(updated_at)).await
+}
+
+async fn update_quota_if_incarnation_stamped(
+    bucket: &str,
+    data: Vec<u8>,
+    expected_incarnation_id: Uuid,
+    proof: &crate::services::notification_sys::CrossPoolFenceFleetProofToken,
+    updated_at: Option<OffsetDateTime>,
 ) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
     let sys = get_bucket_metadata_sys()?;
     let guard = Box::pin(acquire_config_write_guard_for_incarnation(
@@ -807,7 +904,7 @@ pub async fn update_quota_if_incarnation(
             achieved: 0,
         });
     }
-    update_under_config_write_guard(sys, &guard, rustfs_config::QUOTA_CONFIG_FILE, data).await
+    update_under_config_write_guard(sys, &guard, rustfs_config::QUOTA_CONFIG_FILE, data, updated_at).await
 }
 
 pub async fn update_bucket_targets_under_transaction_lock(
@@ -823,6 +920,7 @@ async fn update_under_config_write_guard(
     guard: &BucketMetadataMutationGuard,
     config_file: &str,
     data: Vec<u8>,
+    updated_at: Option<OffsetDateTime>,
 ) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
     guard.ensure_valid(&guard.bucket)?;
     let metadata_sys = sys.read().await.clone();
@@ -834,7 +932,7 @@ async fn update_under_config_write_guard(
             Some(&guard.transaction_guard),
             &guard.bucket,
             "bucket config transaction",
-            metadata_sys.update_checked(&guard.bucket, config_file, data, true, guard.incarnation_id),
+            metadata_sys.update_checked(&guard.bucket, config_file, data, true, guard.incarnation_id, updated_at),
         ),
     )
     .await?;
@@ -846,6 +944,7 @@ async fn delete_under_config_write_guard(
     sys: Arc<RwLock<BucketMetadataSys>>,
     guard: &BucketMetadataMutationGuard,
     config_file: &str,
+    updated_at: Option<OffsetDateTime>,
 ) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
     guard.ensure_valid(&guard.bucket)?;
     let metadata_sys = sys.read().await.clone();
@@ -857,7 +956,7 @@ async fn delete_under_config_write_guard(
             Some(&guard.transaction_guard),
             &guard.bucket,
             "bucket config deletion transaction",
-            metadata_sys.update_checked(&guard.bucket, config_file, Vec::new(), false, guard.incarnation_id),
+            metadata_sys.update_checked(&guard.bucket, config_file, Vec::new(), false, guard.incarnation_id, updated_at),
         ),
     )
     .await?;
@@ -1518,13 +1617,20 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
 
         let results = join_all(futures).await;
 
-        for (idx, res) in results.into_iter().enumerate() {
+        for (bucket, res) in buckets.iter().zip(results) {
             match res {
                 Ok(()) => {}
                 Err(e) => {
-                    error!("Unable to load bucket metadata, will be retried: {:?}", e);
-                    if let Some(bucket) = buckets.get(idx) {
-                        failed_buckets.insert(bucket.clone());
+                    if failed_buckets.insert(bucket.clone()) {
+                        error!(
+                            event = EVENT_BUCKET_METADATA_LOAD_FAILED,
+                            component = LOG_COMPONENT_ECSTORE,
+                            subsystem = LOG_SUBSYSTEM_BUCKET_METADATA,
+                            result = "retry_pending",
+                            bucket = %bucket,
+                            error_code = ?e.code(),
+                            "Unable to load bucket metadata; retry scheduled"
+                        );
                     }
                 }
             }
@@ -1551,12 +1657,19 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
             });
         }
         let results = join_all(futures).await;
-        for (idx, result) in results.into_iter().enumerate() {
-            if let Err(err) = result {
-                error!("Unable to load bucket metadata, will be retried: {:?}", err);
-                if let Some(bucket) = buckets.get(idx) {
-                    failed_buckets.insert(bucket.clone());
-                }
+        for (bucket, result) in buckets.iter().zip(results) {
+            if let Err(err) = result
+                && failed_buckets.insert(bucket.clone())
+            {
+                error!(
+                    event = EVENT_BUCKET_METADATA_LOAD_FAILED,
+                    component = LOG_COMPONENT_ECSTORE,
+                    subsystem = LOG_SUBSYSTEM_BUCKET_METADATA,
+                    result = "retry_pending",
+                    bucket = %bucket,
+                    error_code = ?err.code(),
+                    "Unable to load bucket metadata; retry scheduled"
+                );
             }
         }
     }
@@ -1762,15 +1875,17 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
     /// `update` and the config read alone). Keep these boxed.
     pub async fn update(&self, bucket: &str, config_file: &str, data: Vec<u8>) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
         let incarnation_id = Box::pin(self.get_bucket_incarnation_id(bucket)).await?;
-        Box::pin(self.update_checked(bucket, config_file, data, true, incarnation_id)).await
+        Box::pin(self.update_checked(bucket, config_file, data, true, incarnation_id, None)).await
     }
 
     pub async fn delete(&self, bucket: &str, config_file: &str) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
         let incarnation_id = self.get_bucket_incarnation_id(bucket).await?;
-        self.update_checked(bucket, config_file, Vec::new(), false, incarnation_id)
+        self.update_checked(bucket, config_file, Vec::new(), false, incarnation_id, None)
             .await
     }
 
+    /// `updated_at`: `None` stamps the local clock; `Some` persists a
+    /// replicated edit's source time (backlog#2292).
     async fn update_checked(
         &self,
         bucket: &str,
@@ -1778,6 +1893,7 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
         data: Vec<u8>,
         parse: bool,
         expected_incarnation_id: Uuid,
+        updated_at: Option<OffsetDateTime>,
     ) -> Result<OffsetDateTime> {
         // Load through this system's own store, the one `save` persists to
         // (backlog#1052 S7). Reading from the ambient handle instead made the
@@ -1788,7 +1904,10 @@ impl BucketMetadataSys {
             return Err(Error::BucketNotFound(bucket.to_string()));
         }
 
-        let updated = bm.update_config(config_file, data)?;
+        let updated = match updated_at {
+            Some(updated_at) => bm.update_config_at(config_file, data, updated_at)?,
+            None => bm.update_config(config_file, data)?,
+        };
 
         Box::pin(self.save(bm)).await?;
 
@@ -3755,6 +3874,106 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
+    /// backlog#2292: the explicit-stamp write path persists the given source
+    /// time as the config's `*_config_updated_at` — through the incarnation
+    /// path and through an already-held transaction guard — and survives a
+    /// reload from disk, while the plain path keeps stamping the local clock.
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn explicit_updated_at_is_persisted_as_the_config_stamp() {
+        let (dirs, ecstore) = isolated_store_over_temp_disks().await;
+        let bucket = "source-stamped-config";
+        for dir in &dirs {
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(dir.path().join(bucket)).expect("bucket volume should be created");
+        }
+        let sys = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BucketMetadataSys::new(ecstore)));
+        let source_time = OffsetDateTime::now_utc() - Duration::from_secs(3 * 3600);
+        let policy = br#"{"Version":"2012-10-17","Statement":[]}"#.to_vec();
+        let tagging = b"<Tagging><TagSet><Tag><Key>k</Key><Value>v</Value></Tag></TagSet></Tagging>".to_vec();
+
+        // Incarnation path (`update_if_incarnation_at` minus the ambient lookup).
+        let stamped =
+            update_with_sys_expected(sys.clone(), bucket, BUCKET_POLICY_CONFIG, policy.clone(), None, Some(source_time))
+                .await
+                .expect("source-stamped policy write should persist");
+        assert_eq!(stamped, source_time);
+
+        // Held-guard path (`update_under_transaction_lock_at` minus the ambient lookup).
+        let guard = acquire_config_write_guard(sys.clone(), bucket).await.expect("write guard");
+        let stamped = update_under_config_write_guard(sys.clone(), &guard, BUCKET_TAGGING_CONFIG, tagging, Some(source_time))
+            .await
+            .expect("source-stamped tagging write should persist");
+        drop(guard);
+        assert_eq!(stamped, source_time);
+
+        let metadata_sys = sys.read().await.clone();
+        metadata_sys.metadata_map.write().await.clear();
+        let reloaded = metadata_sys.get_config_from_disk(bucket).await.expect("reload from disk");
+        assert_eq!(reloaded.policy_config_updated_at, source_time);
+        assert_eq!(reloaded.tagging_config_updated_at, source_time);
+
+        // The plain path is unchanged: a local edit is stamped with the local clock.
+        let before = OffsetDateTime::now_utc();
+        let stamped = update_with_sys(sys.clone(), bucket, BUCKET_POLICY_CONFIG, policy)
+            .await
+            .expect("locally stamped policy write should persist");
+        assert!(stamped >= before, "the plain write path must keep stamping the local clock");
+        let reloaded = metadata_sys.get_config_from_disk(bucket).await.expect("reload from disk");
+        assert_eq!(reloaded.policy_config_updated_at, stamped);
+        assert_eq!(
+            reloaded.tagging_config_updated_at, source_time,
+            "an unrelated config keeps its source stamp"
+        );
+    }
+
+    /// backlog#2292: a replicated delete persists the source time as the
+    /// cleared config's `*_config_updated_at`, so the receive-side gate
+    /// (source time against stored stamp) lets a newer source re-create land
+    /// even when the delete was applied later than the re-create's source
+    /// time; the plain delete keeps stamping the local clock.
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn explicit_updated_at_is_persisted_by_a_delete() {
+        let (dirs, ecstore) = isolated_store_over_temp_disks().await;
+        let bucket = "source-stamped-delete";
+        for dir in &dirs {
+            std::fs::create_dir_all(dir.path().join(bucket)).expect("bucket volume should be created");
+        }
+        let sys = Arc::new(RwLock::new(BucketMetadataSys::new(ecstore)));
+        let policy = br#"{"Version":"2012-10-17","Statement":[]}"#.to_vec();
+        let created_at = OffsetDateTime::now_utc() - Duration::from_secs(3 * 3600);
+        let deleted_at = created_at + Duration::from_secs(60);
+        let recreated_at = deleted_at + Duration::from_secs(60);
+
+        update_with_sys_expected(sys.clone(), bucket, BUCKET_POLICY_CONFIG, policy.clone(), None, Some(created_at))
+            .await
+            .expect("source-stamped policy write should persist");
+        let stamped = delete_with_sys_expected(sys.clone(), bucket, BUCKET_POLICY_CONFIG, None, Some(deleted_at))
+            .await
+            .expect("source-stamped policy delete should persist");
+        assert_eq!(stamped, deleted_at);
+
+        let metadata_sys = sys.read().await.clone();
+        metadata_sys.metadata_map.write().await.clear();
+        let reloaded = metadata_sys.get_config_from_disk(bucket).await.expect("reload from disk");
+        assert!(reloaded.policy_config_json.is_empty(), "the delete cleared the payload");
+        assert_eq!(reloaded.policy_config_updated_at, deleted_at, "the delete kept the source stamp");
+        assert!(
+            recreated_at >= reloaded.policy_config_updated_at,
+            "a re-create newer than the delete's source time is not stale against the stored stamp"
+        );
+
+        // The plain delete path is unchanged: stamped with the local clock.
+        update_with_sys_expected(sys.clone(), bucket, BUCKET_POLICY_CONFIG, policy, None, Some(recreated_at))
+            .await
+            .expect("re-create should persist");
+        let before = OffsetDateTime::now_utc();
+        let stamped = delete_with_sys_expected(sys.clone(), bucket, BUCKET_POLICY_CONFIG, None, None)
+            .await
+            .expect("locally stamped delete should persist");
+        assert!(stamped >= before, "the plain delete path must keep stamping the local clock");
+        let reloaded = metadata_sys.get_config_from_disk(bucket).await.expect("reload from disk");
+        assert_eq!(reloaded.policy_config_updated_at, stamped);
+    }
+
     /// The load and the persisted write share one write guard, so concurrent
     /// rewrites of the same config compose instead of clobbering each other.
     /// Moving the load outside that guard loses all but the last tag.
@@ -3971,10 +4190,16 @@ mod tests {
         let new_incarnation = store.bucket_incarnation_id_from_disk(bucket).await.unwrap();
         assert_ne!(old_incarnation, new_incarnation);
 
-        let err =
-            update_with_sys_expected(sys.clone(), bucket, BUCKET_TAGGING_CONFIG, b"<Tagging/>".to_vec(), Some(old_incarnation))
-                .await
-                .expect_err("a request authorized for the deleted incarnation must fail closed");
+        let err = update_with_sys_expected(
+            sys.clone(),
+            bucket,
+            BUCKET_TAGGING_CONFIG,
+            b"<Tagging/>".to_vec(),
+            Some(old_incarnation),
+            None,
+        )
+        .await
+        .expect_err("a request authorized for the deleted incarnation must fail closed");
         assert!(matches!(err, Error::BucketNotFound(name) if name == bucket));
 
         let persisted = sys.read().await.get_config_from_disk(bucket).await.unwrap();
@@ -4009,7 +4234,7 @@ mod tests {
             }],
         })
         .unwrap();
-        update_under_config_write_guard(sys, &guard, BUCKET_TAGGING_CONFIG, tagging)
+        update_under_config_write_guard(sys, &guard, BUCKET_TAGGING_CONFIG, tagging, None)
             .await
             .unwrap();
         assert!(!delete.is_finished());

crates/ecstore/src/bucket/replication/mod.rs

@@ -66,6 +66,7 @@ pub(crate) use replication_lifecycle_bridge::ReplicationLifecycleBridge;
 pub(crate) use replication_migration_bridge::ReplicationMigrationBridge;
 pub use replication_object_bridge::ReplicationObjectBridge;
 pub use replication_object_config::{DeleteReplicationConfigSnapshot, ReplicationConfig};
+pub(crate) use replication_object_decision_boundary::replication_etags_match;
 pub use replication_object_decision_boundary::{
     MustReplicateOptions, ReplicationDeleteScheduleInput, ReplicationDeleteStateSource, delete_replication_state_from_config,
     delete_replication_version_id, should_schedule_delete_replication, should_use_existing_delete_replication_info,
@@ -88,5 +89,6 @@ pub use replication_state::{ReplicationStats, RuntimeReplicationTargetBacklog};
 pub use replication_stats_boundary::{BucketReplicationStat, BucketReplicationStats, BucketStats, InQueueMetric, XferStats};
 pub use replication_storage_boundary::{ReplicationObjectIO, ReplicationStorage};
 pub use replication_target_boundary::SsecPassthroughCapability;
+pub use replication_target_boundary::VersionIdentityCapability;
 pub use replication_target_boundary::{ObjectLockIntegrity, object_lock_put_integrity};
 pub(crate) use replication_target_config_bridge::ReplicationTargetConfigBridge;