fix(heal): require current checkpoint digest

Cargo.lock

@@ -9587,6 +9587,7 @@ dependencies = [
  "serde",
  "serde_json",
  "serial_test",
+ "sha2 0.11.0",
  "temp-env",
  "tempfile",
  "thiserror 2.0.20",

crates/ecstore/src/disk/local.rs

@@ -7949,10 +7949,15 @@ impl DiskAPI for LocalDisk {
             use std::io::Write as _;
 
             let file_path = self.io_get_object_path(volume, path)?;
-            let lock_path = file_path.with_extension("rustfs-cas.lock");
             let path = path.to_string();
             let sync_metadata = effective_durability(volume).syncs_commit_metadata();
             return Ok(tokio::task::spawn_blocking(move || {
+                // A persistent directory lock bounds metadata growth. Removing
+                // per-target lock files can split flock ownership across inodes.
+                let lock_path = file_path
+                    .parent()
+                    .ok_or_else(|| std::io::Error::new(ErrorKind::InvalidInput, "conditional file has no parent"))?
+                    .join(".rustfs-cas.lock");
                 let lock = std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
                     .create(true)
                     .truncate(false)
@@ -21841,7 +21846,10 @@ mod test {
         let marker_path = disk
             .get_object_path(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, HEALING_MARKER_PATH)
             .expect("marker path should resolve");
-        let lock_path = marker_path.with_extension("rustfs-cas.lock");
+        let lock_path = marker_path
+            .parent()
+            .expect("marker path should have a parent")
+            .join(".rustfs-cas.lock");
         let lock = std::fs::OpenOptions::new()
             .create(true)
             .truncate(false)

crates/heal/Cargo.toml

@@ -91,6 +91,7 @@ metrics = { workspace = true }
 base64 = { workspace = true }
 bytes = { workspace = true }
 crc-fast = { workspace = true }
+sha2 = { workspace = true }
 
 [dev-dependencies]
 serde_json = { workspace = true, features = ["raw_value"] }

crates/heal/src/heal/erasure_healer.rs

@@ -373,6 +373,11 @@ impl ErasureSetHealer {
         set_disk_id: &str,
         buckets: &[String],
     ) -> Result<(ResumeManager, CheckpointManager)> {
+        if self.replacement_task_id.is_none() && CheckpointManager::is_blocked(&self.disk, task_id).await {
+            return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                message: format!("Resume task {task_id} has a blocked checkpoint"),
+            });
+        }
         // check if resume state exists
         let has_resume_state = if self.replacement_task_id.is_some() {
             ResumeManager::has_replacement_intent(&self.disk, task_id).await

crates/heal/src/heal/resume.rs

@@ -51,6 +51,7 @@ const RESUME_STATE_FILE: &str = "ahm_resume_state.json";
 const REPLACEMENT_INTENT_FILE: &str = "ahm_replacement_intent.json";
 const RESUME_PROGRESS_FILE: &str = "ahm_progress.json";
 pub(super) const RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE: &str = "ahm_checkpoint.json";
+pub(super) const RESUME_CHECKPOINT_BLOCKED_FILE: &str = "ahm_checkpoint.blocked";
 const REPLACEMENT_COMPLETION_PROOF_FILE: &str = "ahm_replacement_completion_proof.json";
 const REPLACEMENT_RECOVERY_DIR: &str = "ahm-replacement";
 const REPLACEMENT_INTENT_SEAL_FILE: &str = "ahm_replacement_intent_seal";

crates/heal/src/heal/resume/checkpoint.rs

@@ -13,26 +13,31 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 use crate::{Error, Result};
+use base64::Engine as _;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use sha2::{Digest, Sha256};
 use std::collections::HashSet;
 use std::path::Path;
 use std::sync::{Arc, Mutex};
 use std::time::{SystemTime, UNIX_EPOCH};
-use tokio::sync::RwLock;
+use tokio::sync::{Mutex as AsyncMutex, RwLock};
 use tracing::{debug, warn};
 
-use super::super::{BUCKET_META_PREFIX, DiskStore, HealDiskExt as _, RUSTFS_META_BUCKET};
+use super::super::storage_api::owner::{EcstoreConditionalFileUpdate, EcstoreDiskAPI, EcstoreDiskBytes};
+use super::super::{BUCKET_META_PREFIX, DiskStore, HealDiskExt, RUSTFS_META_BUCKET};
 use super::{
-    LOG_COMPONENT_HEAL, LOG_SUBSYSTEM_RESUME, PersistThrottle, RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE, delete_resume_file, path_to_str,
-    validate_resume_task_id,
+    LOG_COMPONENT_HEAL, LOG_SUBSYSTEM_RESUME, PersistThrottle, RESUME_CHECKPOINT_BLOCKED_FILE, RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE,
+    delete_resume_file, path_to_str, validate_resume_task_id,
 };
 
 const EVENT_HEAL_CHECKPOINT_STATE: &str = "heal_checkpoint_state";
+const RESUME_CHECKPOINT_DIGEST_FILE: &str = "ahm_checkpoint.sha256";
+const CHECKPOINT_PER_VERSION_SCHEMA: u32 = 5;
 
 /// Current on-disk schema version for `ResumeCheckpoint`. Same rationale as
 /// `CURRENT_RESUME_SCHEMA`: pre-per-version dedup identities are not comparable
 /// to the new `compose_key` identities, so a stale checkpoint is discarded.
-pub(super) const CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA: u32 = 5;
+pub(super) const CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA: u32 = 6;
 
 /// resume checkpoint
 #[derive(Debug, Clone, Serialize, Deserialize)]
@@ -57,6 +62,11 @@ pub struct ResumeCheckpoint {
     pub failed_objects: HashSet<String>,
     /// skipped objects
     pub skipped_objects: HashSet<String>,
+    /// Integrity digest over the checkpoint with this field set to `None`.
+    /// Keeping it in the checkpoint makes the payload and its authentication
+    /// record one CAS generation instead of two independently-written files.
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub integrity_digest: Option<String>,
 }
 
 impl ResumeCheckpoint {
@@ -70,6 +80,7 @@ impl ResumeCheckpoint {
             processed_objects: HashSet::new(),
             failed_objects: HashSet::new(),
             skipped_objects: HashSet::new(),
+            integrity_digest: None,
         }
     }
 
@@ -116,17 +127,111 @@ pub struct CheckpointManager {
     disk: DiskStore,
     checkpoint: Arc<RwLock<ResumeCheckpoint>>,
     throttle: Mutex<PersistThrottle>,
+    save_lock: AsyncMutex<()>,
+    last_saved: Mutex<Option<EcstoreDiskBytes>>,
 }
 
 impl CheckpointManager {
+    fn blocked_path(task_id: &str) -> std::path::PathBuf {
+        Path::new(BUCKET_META_PREFIX).join(format!("{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_BLOCKED_FILE}"))
+    }
+
+    /// Return whether a checkpoint was permanently isolated after a malformed
+    /// or unsupported snapshot was observed.
+    pub(crate) async fn is_blocked(disk: &DiskStore, task_id: &str) -> bool {
+        if validate_resume_task_id(task_id).is_err() {
+            return false;
+        }
+        let blocked_path = Self::blocked_path(task_id);
+        let Ok(path) = path_to_str(&blocked_path) else {
+            return false;
+        };
+        match HealDiskExt::read_all(disk.as_ref(), RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, path).await {
+            Ok(_) => true,
+            Err(crate::heal::DiskError::FileNotFound) => false,
+            Err(_) => true,
+        }
+    }
+
+    /// Validate the checkpoint while enumerating resumable state. This reads
+    /// the checkpoint once and also isolates malformed or unsupported data.
+    pub(crate) async fn is_resumable(disk: &DiskStore, task_id: &str) -> Result<bool> {
+        validate_resume_task_id(task_id)?;
+        if Self::is_blocked(disk, task_id).await {
+            return Err(Error::InvalidCheckpoint(format!("Resume task {task_id} has a blocked checkpoint")));
+        }
+        let file_path = Path::new(BUCKET_META_PREFIX).join(format!("{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}"));
+        let Ok(path) = path_to_str(&file_path) else {
+            return Err(Error::InvalidCheckpoint("Resume checkpoint path is not valid UTF-8".to_string()));
+        };
+        match HealDiskExt::read_all(disk.as_ref(), RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, path).await {
+            Ok(bytes) if bytes.is_empty() => Ok(true),
+            Ok(bytes) => Self::load_from_data(disk.clone(), task_id, bytes.to_vec())
+                .await
+                .map(|_| true),
+            Err(crate::heal::DiskError::FileNotFound) => Ok(true),
+            Err(error) => Err(error.into()),
+        }
+    }
+
+    async fn block_invalid_snapshot(disk: &DiskStore, task_id: &str) {
+        // This marker is intentionally version-agnostic: an unsupported reader
+        // must stop selector retries until an operator cleans up the snapshot.
+        let blocked_path = Self::blocked_path(task_id);
+        let Ok(path) = path_to_str(&blocked_path) else {
+            return;
+        };
+        let result = EcstoreDiskAPI::compare_and_update_file(
+            disk.as_ref(),
+            RUSTFS_META_BUCKET,
+            path,
+            None,
+            Some(EcstoreDiskBytes::from_static(b"blocked")),
+        )
+        .await;
+        match result {
+            Ok(EcstoreConditionalFileUpdate::Updated | EcstoreConditionalFileUpdate::Mismatch) => {}
+            Ok(EcstoreConditionalFileUpdate::Missing) => warn!(
+                target: "rustfs::heal::resume",
+                event = EVENT_HEAL_CHECKPOINT_STATE,
+                component = LOG_COMPONENT_HEAL,
+                subsystem = LOG_SUBSYSTEM_RESUME,
+                task_id,
+                state = "blocked_marker_write_failed",
+                error = "marker target disappeared",
+                "Heal checkpoint could not persist its blocked marker"
+            ),
+            Err(error) => warn!(
+                target: "rustfs::heal::resume",
+                event = EVENT_HEAL_CHECKPOINT_STATE,
+                component = LOG_COMPONENT_HEAL,
+                subsystem = LOG_SUBSYSTEM_RESUME,
+                task_id,
+                state = "blocked_marker_write_failed",
+                error = %error,
+                "Heal checkpoint could not persist its blocked marker"
+            ),
+        }
+    }
+
     /// create new checkpoint manager
     pub async fn new(disk: DiskStore, task_id: String) -> Result<Self> {
         validate_resume_task_id(&task_id)?;
+        let checkpoint_volume = format!("{RUSTFS_META_BUCKET}/{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}");
+        if let Err(error) = EcstoreDiskAPI::make_volume(disk.as_ref(), &checkpoint_volume).await
+            && error != crate::heal::DiskError::VolumeExists
+        {
+            return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                message: format!("Failed to create checkpoint volume: {error}"),
+            });
+        }
         let checkpoint = ResumeCheckpoint::new(task_id);
         let manager = Self {
             disk,
             checkpoint: Arc::new(RwLock::new(checkpoint)),
             throttle: Mutex::new(PersistThrottle::new()),
+            save_lock: AsyncMutex::new(()),
+            last_saved: Mutex::new(None),
         };
 
         // save initial checkpoint
@@ -140,6 +245,7 @@ impl CheckpointManager {
                 error = %e,
                 "Heal checkpoint persistence failed"
             );
+            return Err(e);
         }
         Ok(manager)
     }
@@ -148,11 +254,22 @@ impl CheckpointManager {
     pub async fn load_from_disk(disk: DiskStore, task_id: &str) -> Result<Self> {
         validate_resume_task_id(task_id)?;
         let checkpoint_data = Self::read_checkpoint_file(&disk, task_id).await?;
-        let mut checkpoint: ResumeCheckpoint =
-            serde_json::from_slice(&checkpoint_data).map_err(|e| Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
-                message: format!("Failed to deserialize checkpoint: {e}"),
-            })?;
+        Self::load_from_data(disk, task_id, checkpoint_data).await
+    }
+
+    async fn load_from_data(disk: DiskStore, task_id: &str, checkpoint_data: Vec<u8>) -> Result<Self> {
+        validate_resume_task_id(task_id)?;
+        let mut checkpoint: ResumeCheckpoint = match serde_json::from_slice(&checkpoint_data) {
+            Ok(checkpoint) => checkpoint,
+            Err(error) => {
+                Self::block_invalid_snapshot(&disk, task_id).await;
+                return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                    message: format!("Failed to deserialize checkpoint: {error}"),
+                });
+            }
+        };
         if checkpoint.task_id != task_id {
+            Self::block_invalid_snapshot(&disk, task_id).await;
             return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
                 message: "Resume checkpoint task id does not match filename".to_string(),
             });
@@ -163,6 +280,7 @@ impl CheckpointManager {
         // identities. Discard the stale sets and position, then stamp the
         // current schema so the scan restarts cleanly.
         if checkpoint.schema_version > CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA {
+            Self::block_invalid_snapshot(&disk, task_id).await;
             return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
                 message: format!(
                     "Checkpoint schema {} is newer than supported schema {CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA}",
@@ -170,7 +288,43 @@ impl CheckpointManager {
                 ),
             });
         }
-        if checkpoint.schema_version < CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA {
+
+        if let Some(expected) = checkpoint.integrity_digest.as_deref() {
+            let actual = Self::checkpoint_digest(&Self::serialize_without_digest(&checkpoint)?);
+            if expected != actual {
+                Self::block_invalid_snapshot(&disk, task_id).await;
+                return Err(Error::InvalidCheckpoint(format!(
+                    "Resume checkpoint digest does not match task {task_id}"
+                )));
+            }
+        } else if checkpoint.schema_version >= CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA {
+            Self::block_invalid_snapshot(&disk, task_id).await;
+            return Err(Error::InvalidCheckpoint(format!(
+                "Resume checkpoint digest is missing for task {task_id}"
+            )));
+        } else {
+            let digest_path = Self::digest_path(task_id);
+            let digest_path = path_to_str(&digest_path)?;
+            match HealDiskExt::read_all(disk.as_ref(), RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, digest_path).await {
+                Ok(expected) => {
+                    let actual = Self::checkpoint_digest(&checkpoint_data);
+                    if expected.as_ref() != actual.as_bytes() {
+                        Self::block_invalid_snapshot(&disk, task_id).await;
+                        return Err(Error::InvalidCheckpoint(format!(
+                            "Resume checkpoint digest does not match task {task_id}"
+                        )));
+                    }
+                }
+                Err(crate::heal::DiskError::FileNotFound) => {}
+                Err(error) => {
+                    return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                        message: format!("Failed to read checkpoint digest: {error}"),
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        if checkpoint.schema_version < CHECKPOINT_PER_VERSION_SCHEMA {
             warn!(
                 target: "rustfs::heal::resume",
                 event = EVENT_HEAL_CHECKPOINT_STATE,
@@ -187,13 +341,15 @@ impl CheckpointManager {
             checkpoint.skipped_objects.clear();
             checkpoint.current_bucket_index = 0;
             checkpoint.current_object_index = 0;
-            checkpoint.schema_version = CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA;
         }
+        checkpoint.schema_version = CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA;
 
         Ok(Self {
             disk,
             checkpoint: Arc::new(RwLock::new(checkpoint)),
             throttle: Mutex::new(PersistThrottle::new()),
+            save_lock: AsyncMutex::new(()),
+            last_saved: Mutex::new(Some(EcstoreDiskBytes::from(checkpoint_data))),
         })
     }
 
@@ -204,7 +360,7 @@ impl CheckpointManager {
         }
         let file_path = Path::new(BUCKET_META_PREFIX).join(format!("{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}"));
         match path_to_str(&file_path) {
-            Ok(path_str) => match disk.read_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, path_str).await {
+            Ok(path_str) => match HealDiskExt::read_all(disk.as_ref(), RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, path_str).await {
                 Ok(data) => !data.is_empty(),
                 Err(_) => false,
             },
@@ -292,6 +448,8 @@ impl CheckpointManager {
 
         let checkpoint_file = Path::new(BUCKET_META_PREFIX).join(format!("{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}"));
         delete_resume_file(&self.disk, &checkpoint_file).await?;
+        delete_resume_file(&self.disk, &Self::digest_path(&task_id)).await?;
+        delete_resume_file(&self.disk, &Self::blocked_path(&task_id)).await?;
 
         debug!(
             target: "rustfs::heal::resume",
@@ -307,21 +465,130 @@ impl CheckpointManager {
 
     /// save checkpoint to disk
     async fn save_checkpoint(&self) -> Result<()> {
-        let checkpoint = self.checkpoint.read().await;
+        // Serialize saves and take the snapshot only after acquiring the lock:
+        // a slower writer must not publish a snapshot taken before a newer one.
+        let _save_guard = self.save_lock.lock().await;
+        let checkpoint = self.checkpoint.read().await.clone();
         validate_resume_task_id(&checkpoint.task_id)?;
-        let checkpoint_data = serde_json::to_vec(&*checkpoint).map_err(|e| Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
-            message: format!("Failed to serialize checkpoint: {e}"),
-        })?;
+        let unsigned_checkpoint_data = Self::serialize_without_digest(&checkpoint)?;
+        let digest = Self::checkpoint_digest(&unsigned_checkpoint_data);
+        let mut persisted_checkpoint = checkpoint.clone();
+        persisted_checkpoint.integrity_digest = Some(digest);
+        let checkpoint_data =
+            EcstoreDiskBytes::from(serde_json::to_vec(&persisted_checkpoint).map_err(|e| Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                message: format!("Failed to serialize checkpoint: {e}"),
+            })?);
 
         let file_path = Path::new(BUCKET_META_PREFIX).join(format!("{}_{}", checkpoint.task_id, RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE));
 
         let path_str = path_to_str(&file_path)?;
-        self.disk
-            .write_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, path_str, checkpoint_data.into())
+        let last_saved = self
+            .last_saved
+            .lock()
+            .map_err(|_| Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                message: "Checkpoint save state lock is poisoned; refusing to save".to_string(),
+            })?
+            .clone();
+        let update = EcstoreDiskAPI::compare_and_update_file(
+            self.disk.as_ref(),
+            RUSTFS_META_BUCKET,
+            path_str,
+            last_saved.clone(),
+            Some(checkpoint_data.clone()),
+        )
+        .await
+        .map_err(|e| Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+            message: format!("Failed to save checkpoint: {e}"),
+        })?;
+
+        let expected = match update {
+            EcstoreConditionalFileUpdate::Updated => None,
+            EcstoreConditionalFileUpdate::Missing => {
+                return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                    message: "Checkpoint was removed after this manager saved it; refusing to recreate it".to_string(),
+                });
+            }
+            EcstoreConditionalFileUpdate::Mismatch => {
+                // A healthy manager normally completes the CAS above without
+                // another read or JSON parse. Inspect only after a mismatch so
+                // corruption and future schemas cannot be overwritten blindly.
+                let existing = match HealDiskExt::read_all(self.disk.as_ref(), RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, path_str).await {
+                    Ok(existing) => existing,
+                    Err(crate::heal::DiskError::FileNotFound) => {
+                        return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                            message: "Checkpoint was removed after this manager saved it; refusing to recreate it".to_string(),
+                        });
+                    }
+                    Err(error) => {
+                        return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                            message: format!("Failed to inspect checkpoint after CAS mismatch: {error}"),
+                        });
+                    }
+                };
+
+                if existing.is_empty() && last_saved.is_none() {
+                    Some(existing)
+                } else {
+                    let current: ResumeCheckpoint = match serde_json::from_slice(&existing) {
+                        Ok(current) => current,
+                        Err(error) => {
+                            Self::block_invalid_snapshot(&self.disk, &checkpoint.task_id).await;
+                            return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                                message: format!("Existing checkpoint is corrupt: {error}"),
+                            });
+                        }
+                    };
+                    if current.task_id != checkpoint.task_id {
+                        Self::block_invalid_snapshot(&self.disk, &checkpoint.task_id).await;
+                        return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                            message: "Existing checkpoint task id does not match filename".to_string(),
+                        });
+                    }
+                    if current.schema_version > CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA {
+                        Self::block_invalid_snapshot(&self.disk, &checkpoint.task_id).await;
+                        return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                            message: format!(
+                                "Existing checkpoint schema {} is newer than supported schema {CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA}",
+                                current.schema_version
+                            ),
+                        });
+                    }
+                    if last_saved.as_ref().is_none_or(|saved| saved.as_ref() != existing.as_ref()) {
+                        return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                            message: "Checkpoint changed since this manager loaded it; refusing to overwrite newer progress"
+                                .to_string(),
+                        });
+                    }
+                    Some(existing)
+                }
+            }
+        };
+
+        if let Some(expected) = expected {
+            match EcstoreDiskAPI::compare_and_update_file(
+                self.disk.as_ref(),
+                RUSTFS_META_BUCKET,
+                path_str,
+                Some(expected),
+                Some(checkpoint_data.clone()),
+            )
             .await
             .map_err(|e| Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
-                message: format!("Failed to save checkpoint: {e}"),
-            })?;
+                message: format!("Failed to save checkpoint after CAS mismatch: {e}"),
+            })? {
+                EcstoreConditionalFileUpdate::Updated => {}
+                EcstoreConditionalFileUpdate::Missing | EcstoreConditionalFileUpdate::Mismatch => {
+                    return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                        message: "Checkpoint changed while saving; refusing to overwrite newer progress".to_string(),
+                    });
+                }
+            }
+        }
+
+        let mut last_saved = self.last_saved.lock().map_err(|_| Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+            message: "Checkpoint save state lock is poisoned after save".to_string(),
+        })?;
+        *last_saved = Some(checkpoint_data);
 
         debug!(
             target: "rustfs::heal::resume",
@@ -341,11 +608,38 @@ impl CheckpointManager {
         let file_path = Path::new(BUCKET_META_PREFIX).join(format!("{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}"));
 
         let path_str = path_to_str(&file_path)?;
-        disk.read_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, path_str)
+        HealDiskExt::read_all(disk.as_ref(), RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, path_str)
             .await
             .map(|bytes| bytes.to_vec())
             .map_err(|e| Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
                 message: format!("Failed to read checkpoint file: {e}"),
             })
     }
+
+    fn serialize_without_digest(checkpoint: &ResumeCheckpoint) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
+        let mut unsigned = checkpoint.clone();
+        unsigned.integrity_digest = None;
+        let mut value = serde_json::to_value(&unsigned).map_err(|e| Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+            message: format!("Failed to serialize checkpoint: {e}"),
+        })?;
+        for field in ["processed_objects", "failed_objects", "skipped_objects"] {
+            let Some(values) = value.get_mut(field).and_then(serde_json::Value::as_array_mut) else {
+                return Err(Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+                    message: format!("Failed to canonicalize checkpoint field: {field}"),
+                });
+            };
+            values.sort_by(|left, right| left.as_str().cmp(&right.as_str()));
+        }
+        serde_json::to_vec(&value).map_err(|e| Error::TaskExecutionFailed {
+            message: format!("Failed to serialize checkpoint: {e}"),
+        })
+    }
+
+    fn checkpoint_digest(checkpoint_data: &[u8]) -> String {
+        base64::engine::general_purpose::STANDARD.encode(Sha256::digest(checkpoint_data))
+    }
+
+    fn digest_path(task_id: &str) -> std::path::PathBuf {
+        Path::new(BUCKET_META_PREFIX).join(format!("{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_DIGEST_FILE}"))
+    }
 }

crates/heal/src/heal/resume/tests.rs

@@ -1600,6 +1600,29 @@ async fn test_checkpoint_schema_v4_discarded_on_load() {
     temp_dir.close().expect("remove schema test directory");
 }
 
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn unsigned_previous_checkpoint_schema_preserves_progress() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let task_id = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    let mut legacy = ResumeCheckpoint::new(task_id.clone());
+    legacy.schema_version = CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA - 1;
+    legacy.update_position(2, 500);
+    legacy.add_processed_object("object".to_string());
+    legacy.integrity_digest = None;
+    let checkpoint_path = format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}/{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}");
+    disk.write_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &checkpoint_path, serde_json::to_vec(&legacy).unwrap().into())
+        .await
+        .expect("write previous-schema checkpoint");
+
+    let manager = CheckpointManager::load_from_disk(disk, &task_id).await.unwrap();
+    let checkpoint = manager.get_checkpoint().await;
+    assert_eq!(checkpoint.schema_version, CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA);
+    assert_eq!(checkpoint.current_bucket_index, 2);
+    assert_eq!(checkpoint.current_object_index, 500);
+    assert!(checkpoint.processed_objects.contains("object"));
+    temp_dir.close().unwrap();
+}
+
 #[tokio::test]
 async fn current_normal_resume_schema_preserves_progress() {
     let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
@@ -1675,6 +1698,369 @@ async fn future_resume_and_checkpoint_schemas_are_rejected() {
     temp_dir.close().expect("remove schema test directory");
 }
 
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn checkpoint_save_does_not_replace_a_non_empty_truncated_snapshot() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let task_id = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    let manager = CheckpointManager::new(disk.clone(), task_id.clone())
+        .await
+        .expect("create checkpoint manager");
+    let checkpoint_path = format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}/{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}");
+    let truncated = b"{\"schema_version\":5,\"task_id\":";
+    disk.write_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &checkpoint_path, truncated.as_slice().into())
+        .await
+        .expect("write truncated checkpoint fixture");
+
+    let error = manager
+        .update_position(2, 7)
+        .await
+        .expect_err("a truncated checkpoint must fail closed during save");
+    assert!(error.to_string().contains("Existing checkpoint is corrupt"));
+    assert_eq!(
+        disk.read_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &checkpoint_path)
+            .await
+            .expect("read truncated checkpoint fixture"),
+        truncated.as_slice()
+    );
+    assert!(CheckpointManager::is_blocked(&disk, &task_id).await);
+    temp_dir.close().expect("remove checkpoint save test directory");
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn checkpoint_save_does_not_replace_a_future_schema_snapshot() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let task_id = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    let manager = CheckpointManager::new(disk.clone(), task_id.clone())
+        .await
+        .expect("create checkpoint manager");
+    let checkpoint_path = format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}/{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}");
+    let mut future = ResumeCheckpoint::new(task_id.clone());
+    future.schema_version = CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA + 1;
+    let future_bytes = serde_json::to_vec(&future).expect("serialize future checkpoint fixture");
+    disk.write_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &checkpoint_path, future_bytes.clone().into())
+        .await
+        .expect("write future checkpoint fixture");
+
+    let error = manager
+        .update_position(2, 7)
+        .await
+        .expect_err("a future schema must fail closed during save");
+    assert!(error.to_string().contains("Existing checkpoint schema"));
+    assert_eq!(
+        disk.read_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &checkpoint_path)
+            .await
+            .expect("read future checkpoint fixture"),
+        future_bytes
+    );
+    assert!(CheckpointManager::is_blocked(&disk, &task_id).await);
+    temp_dir.close().expect("remove future schema test directory");
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn checkpoint_digest_rejects_same_length_progress_tampering() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let task_id = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    let manager = CheckpointManager::new(disk.clone(), task_id.clone())
+        .await
+        .expect("create checkpoint manager");
+    manager
+        .add_processed_object("victim-a".to_string())
+        .await
+        .expect("persist checkpoint progress");
+    manager.update_position(1, 1).await.expect("flush checkpoint progress");
+    let checkpoint_path = format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}/{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}");
+    let original = disk
+        .read_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &checkpoint_path)
+        .await
+        .expect("read checkpoint fixture");
+    let tampered = original
+        .windows(b"victim-a".len())
+        .position(|window| window == b"victim-a")
+        .map(|index| {
+            let mut bytes = original.to_vec();
+            bytes[index..index + b"victim-a".len()].copy_from_slice(b"victim-b");
+            bytes
+        })
+        .expect("checkpoint should contain the processed object");
+    disk.write_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &checkpoint_path, tampered.into())
+        .await
+        .expect("write tampered checkpoint fixture");
+
+    assert!(CheckpointManager::load_from_disk(disk.clone(), &task_id).await.is_err());
+    assert!(CheckpointManager::is_blocked(&disk, &task_id).await);
+    temp_dir.close().expect("remove digest test directory");
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn checkpoint_integrity_survives_missing_legacy_sidecar() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let task_id = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    let manager = CheckpointManager::new(disk.clone(), task_id.clone()).await.unwrap();
+    manager.update_position(2, 9).await.unwrap();
+
+    let digest_path = format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}/{task_id}_ahm_checkpoint.sha256");
+    delete_resume_file(&disk, Path::new(&digest_path)).await.unwrap();
+
+    let restored = CheckpointManager::load_from_disk(disk, &task_id).await.unwrap();
+    let checkpoint = restored.get_checkpoint().await;
+    assert_eq!(checkpoint.current_bucket_index, 2);
+    assert_eq!(checkpoint.current_object_index, 9);
+    assert!(checkpoint.integrity_digest.is_some());
+    temp_dir.close().unwrap();
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn checkpoint_integrity_survives_multi_object_reload() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let task_id = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    let manager = CheckpointManager::new(disk.clone(), task_id.clone()).await.unwrap();
+    for index in 0..32 {
+        manager.add_processed_object(format!("processed-{index}")).await.unwrap();
+        manager.add_failed_object(format!("failed-{index}")).await.unwrap();
+        manager.add_skipped_object(format!("skipped-{index}")).await.unwrap();
+    }
+    manager.update_position(2, 9).await.unwrap();
+
+    CheckpointManager::load_from_disk(disk, &task_id)
+        .await
+        .expect("a healthy multi-object checkpoint must survive reload");
+    temp_dir.close().unwrap();
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn checkpoint_integrity_rejects_a_removed_embedded_digest() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let task_id = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    let manager = CheckpointManager::new(disk.clone(), task_id.clone()).await.unwrap();
+    manager.update_position(2, 9).await.unwrap();
+
+    let checkpoint_path = format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}/{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}");
+    let bytes = disk
+        .read_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &checkpoint_path)
+        .await
+        .expect("read checkpoint fixture");
+    let mut value: serde_json::Value = serde_json::from_slice(&bytes).unwrap();
+    value["current_object_index"] = serde_json::json!(10);
+    value.as_object_mut().unwrap().remove("integrity_digest");
+    disk.write_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &checkpoint_path, serde_json::to_vec(&value).unwrap().into())
+        .await
+        .expect("write tampered checkpoint fixture");
+
+    assert!(
+        CheckpointManager::load_from_disk(disk.clone(), &task_id).await.is_err(),
+        "a current checkpoint without its embedded digest must fail closed"
+    );
+    assert!(CheckpointManager::is_blocked(&disk, &task_id).await);
+    temp_dir.close().unwrap();
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn new_checkpoint_manager_rebuilds_an_empty_snapshot() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let task_id = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    let checkpoint_path = format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}/{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}");
+    disk.write_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &checkpoint_path, EcstoreDiskBytes::new())
+        .await
+        .expect("write empty checkpoint fixture");
+
+    let manager = CheckpointManager::new(disk.clone(), task_id.clone())
+        .await
+        .expect("a new manager must rebuild an empty checkpoint");
+    manager
+        .update_position(3, 11)
+        .await
+        .expect("rebuilt checkpoint must remain writable");
+    assert!(CheckpointManager::has_checkpoint(&disk, &task_id).await);
+    temp_dir.close().expect("remove empty checkpoint test directory");
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn deleted_checkpoint_is_not_recreated_by_an_old_manager() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let task_id = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    let manager = CheckpointManager::new(disk.clone(), task_id.clone())
+        .await
+        .expect("create checkpoint manager");
+    manager.cleanup().await.expect("delete checkpoint fixture");
+
+    let error = manager
+        .update_position(1, 2)
+        .await
+        .expect_err("an old manager must not resurrect a deleted checkpoint");
+    assert!(error.to_string().contains("removed after this manager saved it"));
+    assert!(!CheckpointManager::has_checkpoint(&disk, &task_id).await);
+    temp_dir.close().expect("remove deleted checkpoint test directory");
+}
+
+#[cfg(unix)]
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn checkpoint_cleanup_leaves_no_task_specific_lock_artifact() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let task_id = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    let manager = CheckpointManager::new(disk.clone(), task_id.clone())
+        .await
+        .expect("create checkpoint manager");
+    let lock_path = Path::new(BUCKET_META_PREFIX)
+        .join(format!("{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}"))
+        .with_extension("rustfs-cas.lock");
+    let lock_path = temp_dir.path().join(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET).join(lock_path);
+
+    manager.cleanup().await.expect("delete checkpoint fixture");
+
+    assert!(
+        !lock_path.exists(),
+        "successful checkpoint cleanup must not leave a task-specific lock artifact"
+    );
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn an_empty_blocked_marker_still_blocks_resume_selection() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let task_id = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    let manager = CheckpointManager::new(disk.clone(), task_id.clone())
+        .await
+        .expect("create checkpoint manager");
+    let blocked_path = format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}/{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_BLOCKED_FILE}");
+    disk.write_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &blocked_path, EcstoreDiskBytes::new())
+        .await
+        .expect("write empty blocked marker fixture");
+
+    assert!(CheckpointManager::is_blocked(&disk, &task_id).await);
+    assert!(CheckpointManager::is_resumable(&disk, &task_id).await.is_err());
+    // Recovery requires replacing/cleaning the snapshot, then removing the
+    // marker; ordinary selector retries are intentionally not an unlock path.
+    manager.cleanup().await.expect("clean blocked checkpoint");
+    assert!(!CheckpointManager::is_blocked(&disk, &task_id).await);
+    temp_dir.close().expect("remove empty blocked marker test directory");
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn resumable_selector_skips_healthy_tasks_with_blocked_markers() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let tasks = [
+        (ResumeUtils::generate_task_id(), EcstoreDiskBytes::new()),
+        (ResumeUtils::generate_task_id(), EcstoreDiskBytes::from_static(b"blocked")),
+    ];
+    for (task_id, marker) in &tasks {
+        ResumeManager::new(
+            disk.clone(),
+            task_id.clone(),
+            "erasure_set".to_string(),
+            "pool_0_set_0".to_string(),
+            vec!["bucket".to_string()],
+        )
+        .await
+        .expect("create healthy resume state");
+        CheckpointManager::new(disk.clone(), task_id.clone())
+            .await
+            .expect("create healthy checkpoint");
+        let checkpoint_path = format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}/{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}");
+        let checkpoint_bytes = disk
+            .read_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &checkpoint_path)
+            .await
+            .expect("read healthy checkpoint before blocking");
+        let marker_path = format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}/{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_BLOCKED_FILE}");
+        disk.write_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &marker_path, marker.clone())
+            .await
+            .expect("write blocked marker");
+
+        assert!(ResumeUtils::get_resumable_tasks(&disk).await.is_err());
+        assert_eq!(
+            disk.read_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &checkpoint_path)
+                .await
+                .expect("read healthy checkpoint after blocking"),
+            checkpoint_bytes
+        );
+    }
+    temp_dir.close().expect("remove blocked selector test directory");
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn stale_checkpoint_manager_cannot_overwrite_newer_progress() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let task_id = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    let first = CheckpointManager::new(disk.clone(), task_id.clone())
+        .await
+        .expect("create first checkpoint manager");
+    let second = CheckpointManager::load_from_disk(disk.clone(), &task_id)
+        .await
+        .expect("load second checkpoint manager");
+
+    second
+        .update_position(4, 20)
+        .await
+        .expect("persist newer checkpoint progress");
+    let error = first
+        .update_position(1, 3)
+        .await
+        .expect_err("stale checkpoint manager must not overwrite newer progress");
+    assert!(error.to_string().contains("newer progress"));
+
+    let persisted = CheckpointManager::load_from_disk(disk.clone(), &task_id)
+        .await
+        .expect("load newer checkpoint progress")
+        .get_checkpoint()
+        .await;
+    assert_eq!(persisted.current_bucket_index, 4);
+    assert_eq!(persisted.current_object_index, 20);
+    temp_dir.close().expect("remove stale manager test directory");
+}
+
+#[tokio::test]
+async fn resumable_selector_isolates_future_and_corrupt_checkpoints() {
+    let (temp_dir, disk) = schema_test_disk().await;
+    let future_task = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    let corrupt_task = ResumeUtils::generate_task_id();
+    for task_id in [&future_task, &corrupt_task] {
+        ResumeManager::new(
+            disk.clone(),
+            task_id.to_string(),
+            "erasure_set".to_string(),
+            "pool_0_set_0".to_string(),
+            vec!["bucket".to_string()],
+        )
+        .await
+        .expect("create resumable state fixture");
+    }
+
+    let future_path = format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}/{future_task}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}");
+    let mut future = ResumeCheckpoint::new(future_task.clone());
+    future.schema_version = CURRENT_CHECKPOINT_SCHEMA + 1;
+    let future_bytes = serde_json::to_vec(&future).expect("serialize future checkpoint fixture");
+    disk.write_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &future_path, future_bytes.clone().into())
+        .await
+        .expect("write future checkpoint fixture");
+    let corrupt_path = format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}/{corrupt_task}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_FILE}");
+    let corrupt_bytes = b"{truncated";
+    disk.write_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &corrupt_path, corrupt_bytes.as_slice().into())
+        .await
+        .expect("write corrupt checkpoint fixture");
+
+    assert!(CheckpointManager::is_resumable(&disk, &future_task).await.is_err());
+    assert!(CheckpointManager::is_resumable(&disk, &corrupt_task).await.is_err());
+    assert!(ResumeUtils::get_resumable_tasks(&disk).await.is_err());
+    for (task_id, path, bytes) in [
+        (&future_task, future_path, future_bytes),
+        (&corrupt_task, corrupt_path, corrupt_bytes.to_vec()),
+    ] {
+        assert_eq!(
+            disk.read_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &path)
+                .await
+                .expect("read isolated checkpoint bytes"),
+            bytes
+        );
+        let blocked_path = format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}/{task_id}_{RESUME_CHECKPOINT_BLOCKED_FILE}");
+        assert!(
+            !disk
+                .read_all(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, &blocked_path)
+                .await
+                .expect("read checkpoint blocked marker")
+                .is_empty()
+        );
+    }
+    temp_dir.close().expect("remove selector isolation test directory");
+}
+
 #[test]
 fn test_persist_throttle_batches_until_threshold() {
     let mut throttle = PersistThrottle::new();

crates/heal/src/heal/resume/utils.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,7 @@ use uuid::Uuid;
 use super::super::{BUCKET_META_PREFIX, DiskError, DiskStore, HealDiskExt as _, RUSTFS_META_BUCKET};
 use super::replacement::{ReplacementPhase, ReplacementRecoveryRecord};
 use super::{
-    EVENT_HEAL_RESUME_STATE, LOG_COMPONENT_HEAL, LOG_SUBSYSTEM_RESUME, REPLACEMENT_COMPLETION_PROOF_FILE,
+    CheckpointManager, EVENT_HEAL_RESUME_STATE, LOG_COMPONENT_HEAL, LOG_SUBSYSTEM_RESUME, REPLACEMENT_COMPLETION_PROOF_FILE,
     REPLACEMENT_INTENT_FILE, RESUME_STATE_FILE, ResumeManager, ResumeStateFile, is_replacement_intent, path_to_str,
     replacement_recovery_corruption_for_state_load, replacement_recovery_dir, validate_resume_task_id,
 };
@@ -67,6 +67,7 @@ impl ResumeUtils {
                 // Extract task ID from filename: {task_id}_ahm_resume_state.json
                 if let Some(task_id) = entry.strip_suffix(&format!("_{RESUME_STATE_FILE}"))
                     && validate_resume_task_id(task_id).is_ok()
+                    && CheckpointManager::is_resumable(disk, task_id).await?
                 {
                     task_ids.push(task_id.to_string());
                 }