Merge remote-tracking branch 'origin/main' into codex/resolve-pr-6352

# Conflicts:
#	crates/scanner/src/scanner/tests.rs

crates/common/src/metrics.rs

@@ -901,6 +901,10 @@ pub struct Metrics {
     scanner_cycle_max_duration_millis: AtomicU64,
     scanner_cycle_max_objects: AtomicU64,
     scanner_cycle_max_directories: AtomicU64,
+    scanner_cycle_timeout_total: AtomicU64,
+    scanner_cycle_recovery_required_total: AtomicU64,
+    scanner_cycle_last_progress_age_seconds: AtomicU64,
+    scanner_leader_lease_without_progress: AtomicBool,
     scanner_bitrot_cycle_enabled: AtomicBool,
     scanner_bitrot_cycle_millis: AtomicU64,
     scanner_checkpoint: Mutex<Option<ScannerCheckpointReport>>,
@@ -1370,6 +1374,14 @@ pub struct ScannerMetricsReport {
     #[serde(default)]
     pub cycle_max_directories: u64,
     #[serde(default)]
+    pub cycle_timeout_total: u64,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub cycle_recovery_required_total: u64,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub cycle_last_progress_age: u64,
+    #[serde(default)]
+    pub leader_lease_without_progress: bool,
+    #[serde(default)]
     pub bitrot_cycle_enabled: bool,
     #[serde(default)]
     pub bitrot_cycle_seconds: f64,
@@ -1430,6 +1442,9 @@ const OTEL_SCANNER_BUCKETS_SCANNED: &str = "rustfs_scanner_buckets_scanned_total
 const OTEL_SCANNER_CYCLES: &str = "rustfs_scanner_cycles_total";
 const OTEL_SCANNER_CYCLE_DURATION_SECONDS: &str = "rustfs_scanner_cycle_duration_seconds";
 const OTEL_SCANNER_BUCKET_DRIVE_DURATION_SECONDS: &str = "rustfs_scanner_bucket_drive_duration_seconds";
+const OTEL_SCANNER_CYCLE_TIMEOUT_TOTAL: &str = "rustfs_scanner_cycle_timeout_total";
+const OTEL_SCANNER_CYCLE_LAST_PROGRESS_AGE: &str = "rustfs_scanner_cycle_last_progress_age";
+const OTEL_SCANNER_LEADER_LEASE_WITHOUT_PROGRESS: &str = "rustfs_scanner_leader_lease_without_progress";
 
 fn scan_cycle_result_label(result: u8) -> &'static str {
     match result {
@@ -1913,6 +1928,10 @@ impl Metrics {
             scanner_cycle_max_duration_millis: AtomicU64::new(0),
             scanner_cycle_max_objects: AtomicU64::new(0),
             scanner_cycle_max_directories: AtomicU64::new(0),
+            scanner_cycle_timeout_total: AtomicU64::new(0),
+            scanner_cycle_recovery_required_total: AtomicU64::new(0),
+            scanner_cycle_last_progress_age_seconds: AtomicU64::new(0),
+            scanner_leader_lease_without_progress: AtomicBool::new(false),
             scanner_bitrot_cycle_enabled: AtomicBool::new(false),
             scanner_bitrot_cycle_millis: AtomicU64::new(0),
             scanner_checkpoint: Mutex::new(None),
@@ -2412,12 +2431,29 @@ impl Metrics {
             .store(cycle_max_objects.unwrap_or_default(), Ordering::Relaxed);
         self.scanner_cycle_max_directories
             .store(cycle_max_directories.unwrap_or_default(), Ordering::Relaxed);
+        self.scanner_leader_lease_without_progress.store(false, Ordering::Relaxed);
+        self.scanner_cycle_last_progress_age_seconds.store(0, Ordering::Relaxed);
+        metrics::gauge!(OTEL_SCANNER_LEADER_LEASE_WITHOUT_PROGRESS).set(0.0);
+        metrics::gauge!(OTEL_SCANNER_CYCLE_LAST_PROGRESS_AGE).set(0.0);
         self.scanner_bitrot_cycle_enabled
             .store(bitrot_cycle.is_some(), Ordering::Relaxed);
         self.scanner_bitrot_cycle_millis
             .store(bitrot_cycle.map(duration_millis_saturated).unwrap_or_default(), Ordering::Relaxed);
     }
 
+    pub fn record_scanner_cycle_timeout(&self, recovery_required: bool, progress_age: Duration) {
+        self.scanner_cycle_timeout_total.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
+        if recovery_required {
+            self.scanner_cycle_recovery_required_total.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
+        }
+        self.scanner_cycle_last_progress_age_seconds
+            .store(progress_age.as_secs(), Ordering::Relaxed);
+        self.scanner_leader_lease_without_progress.store(true, Ordering::Relaxed);
+        metrics::counter!(OTEL_SCANNER_CYCLE_TIMEOUT_TOTAL).increment(1);
+        metrics::gauge!(OTEL_SCANNER_CYCLE_LAST_PROGRESS_AGE).set(progress_age.as_secs_f64());
+        metrics::gauge!(OTEL_SCANNER_LEADER_LEASE_WITHOUT_PROGRESS).set(1.0);
+    }
+
     pub fn record_scanner_set_scan_state(&self, concurrency_limit: Option<usize>, queued: Option<usize>, active: Option<usize>) {
         if let Some(concurrency_limit) = concurrency_limit {
             self.scanner_set_scan_concurrency_limit
@@ -3265,6 +3301,10 @@ impl Metrics {
         m.cycle_max_duration_seconds = self.scanner_cycle_max_duration_millis.load(Ordering::Relaxed) as f64 / 1000.0;
         m.cycle_max_objects = self.scanner_cycle_max_objects.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
         m.cycle_max_directories = self.scanner_cycle_max_directories.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+        m.cycle_timeout_total = self.scanner_cycle_timeout_total.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+        m.cycle_recovery_required_total = self.scanner_cycle_recovery_required_total.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+        m.cycle_last_progress_age = self.scanner_cycle_last_progress_age_seconds.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+        m.leader_lease_without_progress = self.scanner_leader_lease_without_progress.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
         m.bitrot_cycle_enabled = self.scanner_bitrot_cycle_enabled.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
         m.bitrot_cycle_seconds = self.scanner_bitrot_cycle_millis.load(Ordering::Relaxed) as f64 / 1000.0;
         m.scan_checkpoint = match self.scanner_checkpoint.lock() {
@@ -4926,4 +4966,20 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(!report.bitrot_cycle_enabled);
         assert_eq!(report.bitrot_cycle_seconds, 0.0);
     }
+
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn scanner_cycle_timeout_metrics_reset_for_a_new_cycle() {
+        let metrics = Metrics::new();
+        metrics.record_scanner_cycle_timeout(true, Duration::from_secs(17));
+        let timed_out = metrics.report().await;
+        assert_eq!(timed_out.cycle_timeout_total, 1);
+        assert_eq!(timed_out.cycle_last_progress_age, 17);
+        assert!(timed_out.leader_lease_without_progress);
+
+        metrics.record_scanner_cycle_config(Duration::from_secs(60), None, Some(Duration::from_secs(1)), None, None);
+        let current = metrics.report().await;
+        assert_eq!(current.cycle_timeout_total, 1);
+        assert_eq!(current.cycle_last_progress_age, 0);
+        assert!(!current.leader_lease_without_progress);
+    }
 }

crates/config/README.md

@@ -84,6 +84,12 @@ Current guidance:
 - `RUSTFS_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_OBJECTS` (canonical)
 - `RUSTFS_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DIRECTORIES` (canonical)
 
+Scanner cycle budget controls:
+
+- When `RUSTFS_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS` is unset, the finite default is 1800 seconds (30 minutes), matching the scanner benchmark guidance.
+- An explicit `0` preserves the compatibility behavior of an unbounded runtime budget. Object and directory budgets likewise remain unbounded when explicitly set to `0`.
+- A timed-out cycle cancels cooperative scanner work, then fences its leader epoch before releasing the lease. An uncooperative I/O operation is dropped after the bounded shutdown window; its cursor is not claimed to be durable and the scanner reports `recovery-required` when the worker cannot stop cooperatively, the cycle state was not confirmed durable, or epoch fencing cannot be persisted.
+
 ## Mmap read environment aliases
 
 - `RUSTFS_OBJECT_MMAP_READ_ENABLE` (canonical)

crates/config/src/constants/scanner.rs

@@ -143,9 +143,12 @@ pub const ENV_SCANNER_MAX_WAIT_SECS: &str = "RUSTFS_SCANNER_MAX_WAIT_SECS";
 /// Default scanner speed preset.
 pub const DEFAULT_SCANNER_SPEED: &str = "default";
 
-/// Default scanner cycle runtime budget.
-/// `0` keeps the existing unbounded per-cycle behavior.
-pub const DEFAULT_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS: u64 = 0;
+/// Default scanner cycle runtime budget when no override is configured.
+///
+/// An explicit `0` remains the compatibility escape hatch for an unbounded
+/// cycle. Keeping the unset default finite prevents a stalled scanner I/O
+/// operation from holding the leader lease forever.
+pub const DEFAULT_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS: u64 = 30 * 60;
 
 /// Default scanner per-cycle object budget.
 /// `0` keeps the existing unbounded per-cycle behavior.

crates/ecstore/src/services/metrics_realtime.rs

@@ -256,6 +256,10 @@ fn to_madmin_scanner_metrics(metrics: rustfs_common::metrics::ScannerMetricsRepo
         cycle_max_duration_seconds: metrics.cycle_max_duration_seconds,
         cycle_max_objects: metrics.cycle_max_objects,
         cycle_max_directories: metrics.cycle_max_directories,
+        cycle_timeout_total: metrics.cycle_timeout_total,
+        cycle_recovery_required_total: metrics.cycle_recovery_required_total,
+        cycle_last_progress_age: metrics.cycle_last_progress_age,
+        leader_lease_without_progress: metrics.leader_lease_without_progress,
         bitrot_cycle_enabled: metrics.bitrot_cycle_enabled,
         bitrot_cycle_seconds: metrics.bitrot_cycle_seconds,
         scan_checkpoint: metrics.scan_checkpoint.map(|checkpoint| MadminScannerCheckpointReport {
@@ -611,6 +615,10 @@ mod test {
             current_started: chrono_to_jiff_timestamp(current_started),
             last_cycle_partial_source: "usage".to_string(),
             last_cycle_partial_source_code: 1,
+            cycle_timeout_total: 3,
+            cycle_recovery_required_total: 2,
+            cycle_last_progress_age: 17,
+            leader_lease_without_progress: true,
             partial_cycles_by_source: vec![rustfs_common::metrics::ScannerSourceCycleSnapshot {
                 source: "usage".to_string(),
                 cycles: 2,
@@ -622,6 +630,10 @@ mod test {
         assert_eq!(scanner.current_started, chrono_to_jiff_timestamp(current_started));
         assert_eq!(scanner.last_cycle_partial_source, "usage");
         assert_eq!(scanner.last_cycle_partial_source_code, 1);
+        assert_eq!(scanner.cycle_timeout_total, 3);
+        assert_eq!(scanner.cycle_recovery_required_total, 2);
+        assert_eq!(scanner.cycle_last_progress_age, 17);
+        assert!(scanner.leader_lease_without_progress);
         let usage = scanner
             .partial_cycles_by_source
             .iter()

crates/filemeta/src/metacache.rs

@@ -21,7 +21,6 @@ use arc_swap::ArcSwapOption;
 use rmp::Marker;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use std::cmp::Ordering;
-use std::collections::{HashMap, HashSet};
 use std::str::from_utf8;
 use std::{
     fmt::Debug,
@@ -38,10 +37,8 @@ use tokio::io::{AsyncRead, AsyncReadExt, AsyncWrite, AsyncWriteExt};
 use tokio::spawn;
 use tokio::sync::Mutex;
 use tracing::{debug, warn};
-use uuid::Uuid;
 
 const SLASH_SEPARATOR: &str = "/";
-pub const MAX_META_CACHE_HEAL_CANDIDATES: usize = 1024;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Debug, Default)]
 pub struct MetadataResolutionParams {
@@ -69,41 +66,6 @@ pub struct MetaCacheEntry {
     pub reusable: bool,
 }
 
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-pub enum MetaCacheHealCandidateKind {
-    Object,
-    DeleteMarker,
-    UnversionedObject,
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
-pub struct MetaCacheHealCandidate {
-    pub object: String,
-    pub version_id: Option<Uuid>,
-    pub kind: MetaCacheHealCandidateKind,
-    /// Number of raw disk entries that carried this validated version.
-    pub replica_count: usize,
-}
-
-impl MetaCacheHealCandidate {
-    pub fn validated_version(&self) -> Option<Uuid> {
-        match self.kind {
-            MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::Object | MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::DeleteMarker => self.version_id,
-            MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::UnversionedObject => None,
-        }
-    }
-
-    pub fn is_unversioned(&self) -> bool {
-        self.kind == MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::UnversionedObject
-    }
-}
-
-#[derive(Clone, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
-pub struct MetaCacheHealDiscovery {
-    pub candidates: Vec<MetaCacheHealCandidate>,
-    pub unverified_count: usize,
-}
-
 impl MetaCacheEntry {
     pub fn marshal_msg(&self) -> Result<Vec<u8>> {
         let mut wr = Vec::new();
@@ -408,176 +370,6 @@ impl MetaCacheEntries {
         })
     }
 
-    /// Discover validated object/delete-marker versions and safe unversioned
-    /// inspection candidates in the raw entries without applying read quorum.
-    /// This is intentionally separate from [`Self::resolve`]: a sub-quorum
-    /// version is a valid heal target even though it must not participate in
-    /// normal reads or writes.
-    ///
-    /// The validated list is bounded and deduplicated by object, version id,
-    /// and metadata kind; each candidate retains the number of raw disk
-    /// entries that carried it so callers can classify sub-quorum versions.
-    /// Entries whose xl.meta cannot be decoded are counted separately for
-    /// discovery accounting; they never become versionless destructive heal
-    /// requests and do not consume the validated quota. An
-    /// [`MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::UnversionedObject`] is always consumed by
-    /// a non-destructive scanner request.
-    pub fn discover_heal_candidates(&self, bucket: &str, max_candidates: usize) -> MetaCacheHealDiscovery {
-        let limit = max_candidates.min(MAX_META_CACHE_HEAL_CANDIDATES);
-        if limit == 0 || bucket.is_empty() {
-            return MetaCacheHealDiscovery::default();
-        }
-
-        let mut discovery = MetaCacheHealDiscovery {
-            candidates: Vec::<MetaCacheHealCandidate>::with_capacity(limit.min(self.0.len())),
-            unverified_count: 0,
-        };
-        let mut seen: HashMap<(String, Option<Uuid>, MetaCacheHealCandidateKind), usize> =
-            HashMap::with_capacity(limit.min(self.0.len()));
-
-        for entry in self.0.iter().flatten() {
-            if !valid_heal_candidate_name(bucket, entry) {
-                continue;
-            }
-
-            let meta = match FileMeta::load(&entry.metadata) {
-                Ok(meta) => meta,
-                Err(_) => {
-                    discovery.unverified_count = discovery.unverified_count.saturating_add(1);
-                    continue;
-                }
-            };
-            let mut entry_seen = HashSet::new();
-
-            for shallow in meta.versions {
-                let version = match shallow.parse_version_meta() {
-                    Ok(version) if version.valid() => version,
-                    Ok(_) | Err(_) => {
-                        discovery.unverified_count = discovery.unverified_count.saturating_add(1);
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                };
-                if version.free_version() {
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                let payload_header = version.header();
-                if normalize_version_id(shallow.header.version_id) != normalize_version_id(payload_header.version_id)
-                    || shallow.header.version_type != payload_header.version_type
-                {
-                    discovery.unverified_count = discovery.unverified_count.saturating_add(1);
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                let (kind, version_id) = match version.version_type {
-                    VersionType::Object
-                        if version.object.is_some() && version.delete_marker.is_none() && version.legacy_object.is_none() =>
-                    {
-                        match version.object.as_ref().and_then(|object| object.version_id) {
-                            Some(id) if !id.is_nil() => (MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::Object, Some(id)),
-                            Some(_) | None => (MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::UnversionedObject, None),
-                        }
-                    }
-                    VersionType::Delete
-                        if version.delete_marker.is_some() && version.object.is_none() && version.legacy_object.is_none() =>
-                    {
-                        let Some(id) = version.delete_marker.as_ref().and_then(|marker| marker.version_id) else {
-                            discovery.unverified_count = discovery.unverified_count.saturating_add(1);
-                            continue;
-                        };
-                        if id.is_nil() {
-                            discovery.unverified_count = discovery.unverified_count.saturating_add(1);
-                            continue;
-                        }
-                        (MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::DeleteMarker, Some(id))
-                    }
-                    VersionType::Legacy
-                        if version.legacy_object.is_some() && version.object.is_none() && version.delete_marker.is_none() =>
-                    {
-                        let Some(legacy) = version.legacy_object.as_ref() else {
-                            continue;
-                        };
-                        if legacy.version_id.is_empty() {
-                            (MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::UnversionedObject, None)
-                        } else {
-                            let Ok(id) = Uuid::parse_str(&legacy.version_id) else {
-                                discovery.unverified_count = discovery.unverified_count.saturating_add(1);
-                                continue;
-                            };
-                            if id.is_nil() {
-                                discovery.unverified_count = discovery.unverified_count.saturating_add(1);
-                                continue;
-                            }
-                            (MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::Object, Some(id))
-                        }
-                    }
-                    _ => {
-                        discovery.unverified_count = discovery.unverified_count.saturating_add(1);
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                };
-
-                if normalize_version_id(payload_header.version_id) != version_id {
-                    discovery.unverified_count = discovery.unverified_count.saturating_add(1);
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                // `all_parts=true` is the trust-boundary check for versioned
-                // candidates. A null/legacy object may still need the old
-                // non-destructive inspection fallback when its part arrays
-                // are parseable but incomplete; never use that fallback for
-                // a candidate carrying a real version id.
-                let file_info = match version.clone().into_fileinfo(bucket, &entry.name, true) {
-                    Ok(file_info) => file_info,
-                    Err(_) if version_id.is_none() && matches!(kind, MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::UnversionedObject) => {
-                        discovery.unverified_count = discovery.unverified_count.saturating_add(1);
-                        match version.into_fileinfo(bucket, &entry.name, false) {
-                            Ok(file_info) => file_info,
-                            Err(_) => continue,
-                        }
-                    }
-                    Err(_) => {
-                        discovery.unverified_count = discovery.unverified_count.saturating_add(1);
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                };
-                if file_info.volume != bucket || file_info.name != entry.name {
-                    discovery.unverified_count = discovery.unverified_count.saturating_add(1);
-                    continue;
-                }
-
-                let candidate = MetaCacheHealCandidate {
-                    object: entry.name.clone(),
-                    version_id,
-                    kind,
-                    replica_count: 1,
-                };
-                let key = (candidate.object.clone(), candidate.version_id, candidate.kind.clone());
-                if !entry_seen.contains(&key) {
-                    // Keep per-entry dedupe bounded as well as the global
-                    // candidate union. Once the cap is reached, only keys
-                    // already present in the global map may update replica
-                    // counts; novel versions are accounting-only.
-                    if entry_seen.len() >= limit && !seen.contains_key(&key) {
-                        continue;
-                    }
-                    entry_seen.insert(key.clone());
-                }
-                if let Some(index) = seen.get(&key).copied() {
-                    discovery.candidates[index].replica_count = discovery.candidates[index].replica_count.saturating_add(1);
-                } else {
-                    seen.insert(key, discovery.candidates.len());
-                    discovery.candidates.push(candidate);
-                    if discovery.candidates.len() >= limit {
-                        return discovery;
-                    }
-                }
-            }
-        }
-
-        discovery
-    }
-
     fn resolve_inner(&self, mut params: MetadataResolutionParams, enforce_write_quorum: bool) -> Option<MetaCacheEntry> {
         if self.0.is_empty() {
             debug!(
@@ -754,28 +546,6 @@ impl MetaCacheEntries {
     }
 }
 
-fn valid_heal_candidate_name(bucket: &str, entry: &MetaCacheEntry) -> bool {
-    if bucket.is_empty() || entry.name.is_empty() || entry.is_dir() || entry.name.contains('\0') {
-        return false;
-    }
-
-    // Validate raw key components without normalizing them. A dot component
-    // could otherwise escape the bucket when the key is later mapped back to
-    // a disk path; a final empty component is retained for valid keys ending
-    // in '/'.
-    let mut components = entry.name.split('/').peekable();
-    while let Some(component) = components.next() {
-        if component == "." || component == ".." || (component.is_empty() && components.peek().is_some()) {
-            return false;
-        }
-    }
-    true
-}
-
-fn normalize_version_id(version_id: Option<Uuid>) -> Option<Uuid> {
-    version_id.filter(|id| !id.is_nil())
-}
-
 #[derive(Debug, Default)]
 pub struct MetaCacheEntriesSortedResult {
     pub entries: Option<MetaCacheEntriesSorted>,
@@ -1221,7 +991,7 @@ impl<T: Clone + Debug + Send + Sync + 'static> Cache<T> {
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
     use crate::test_data::create_real_xlmeta;
-    use crate::{FileMetaVersion, MetaDeleteMarker, MetaObjectV1, MetaObjectV1Erasure, MetaObjectV1Stat, TRANSITION_COMPLETE};
+    use crate::{FileMetaVersion, MetaDeleteMarker, TRANSITION_COMPLETE};
     use std::collections::HashMap;
     use std::io::Cursor;
     use std::sync::{
@@ -1822,277 +1592,6 @@ mod tests {
         );
     }
 
-    #[test]
-    fn discover_heal_candidates_keeps_sub_quorum_versions_and_deduplicates() {
-        let now = OffsetDateTime::from_unix_timestamp(1_705_312_300).expect("valid timestamp");
-        let entries = MetaCacheEntries(vec![
-            Some(metacache_entry_single_version(1, now, "one")),
-            Some(metacache_entry_single_version(2, now, "two")),
-            Some(metacache_entry_single_version(2, now, "two")),
-            Some(metacache_entry_single_version(3, now, "three")),
-        ]);
-
-        let discovery = entries.discover_heal_candidates("bucket", 16);
-        let ids: std::collections::HashSet<Uuid> = discovery
-            .candidates
-            .iter()
-            .filter_map(|candidate| candidate.version_id)
-            .collect();
-        assert_eq!(
-            ids,
-            [Uuid::from_u128(1), Uuid::from_u128(2), Uuid::from_u128(3)]
-                .into_iter()
-                .collect()
-        );
-        assert_eq!(discovery.candidates.len(), 3, "duplicate tied versions must be emitted once");
-        assert_eq!(
-            discovery
-                .candidates
-                .iter()
-                .find(|candidate| candidate.version_id == Some(Uuid::from_u128(2)))
-                .expect("duplicate version should be discovered")
-                .replica_count,
-            2
-        );
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn discover_heal_candidates_covers_divergent_quorum_boundaries_n2_n4_n6() {
-        let now = OffsetDateTime::from_unix_timestamp(1_705_312_300).expect("valid timestamp");
-
-        for (disk_count, quorum) in [(2usize, 1usize), (4, 2), (6, 3)] {
-            let target_id = Uuid::from_u128(0x1000 + disk_count as u128);
-            for target_replicas in [quorum.saturating_sub(1), quorum, quorum + 1] {
-                let entries = (0..disk_count)
-                    .map(|disk| {
-                        let version_id = if disk < target_replicas {
-                            target_id
-                        } else {
-                            Uuid::from_u128(0x2000 + disk as u128)
-                        };
-                        Some(metacache_entry_single_version(version_id.as_u128(), now, "divergent"))
-                    })
-                    .collect();
-                let discovery = MetaCacheEntries(entries).discover_heal_candidates("bucket", 32);
-                let target = discovery
-                    .candidates
-                    .iter()
-                    .find(|candidate| candidate.version_id == Some(target_id));
-                assert_eq!(target.is_some(), target_replicas > 0, "N={disk_count}, replicas={target_replicas}");
-                if let Some(target) = target {
-                    assert_eq!(target.replica_count, target_replicas);
-                }
-            }
-        }
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn discover_heal_candidates_separates_delete_markers_and_preserves_unversioned_objects() {
-        let mut marker_meta = FileMeta::new();
-        marker_meta
-            .add_version(FileInfo {
-                volume: "bucket".to_string(),
-                name: "object".to_string(),
-                version_id: Some(Uuid::from_u128(99)),
-                deleted: true,
-                mod_time: Some(OffsetDateTime::from_unix_timestamp(1_705_312_300).expect("valid timestamp")),
-                ..Default::default()
-            })
-            .expect("delete marker should be added");
-        let marker = MetaCacheEntry {
-            name: "object".to_string(),
-            metadata: marker_meta.marshal_msg().expect("delete marker metadata should marshal"),
-            cached: Some(marker_meta),
-            reusable: false,
-        };
-
-        let unversioned_entry = metacache_entry_with_mod_time(
-            OffsetDateTime::from_unix_timestamp(1_705_312_300).expect("valid timestamp"),
-            "unversioned",
-        );
-        let discovery = MetaCacheEntries(vec![Some(marker), Some(unversioned_entry)]).discover_heal_candidates("bucket", 16);
-        assert!(discovery.candidates.iter().any(|candidate| {
-            candidate.kind == MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::DeleteMarker && candidate.version_id == Some(Uuid::from_u128(99))
-        }));
-        assert!(discovery.candidates.iter().any(|candidate| {
-            candidate.kind == MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::UnversionedObject && candidate.version_id.is_none()
-        }));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn discover_heal_candidates_skips_free_versions() {
-        let object_id = Uuid::from_u128(100);
-        let free_id = Uuid::from_u128(101);
-        let mut meta = FileMeta::new();
-        meta.add_version(FileInfo {
-            volume: "bucket".to_string(),
-            name: "object".to_string(),
-            version_id: Some(object_id),
-            transition_status: TRANSITION_COMPLETE.to_string(),
-            transitioned_objname: "remote/object".to_string(),
-            transition_version_id: Some(Uuid::from_u128(102)),
-            transition_tier: "WARM".to_string(),
-            mod_time: Some(OffsetDateTime::now_utc()),
-            ..Default::default()
-        })
-        .expect("transitioned object should be added");
-        let mut delete = FileInfo {
-            volume: "bucket".to_string(),
-            name: "object".to_string(),
-            version_id: Some(object_id),
-            mod_time: Some(OffsetDateTime::now_utc()),
-            ..Default::default()
-        };
-        delete.set_tier_free_version_id(&free_id.to_string());
-        meta.delete_version(&delete).expect("free version should be persisted");
-
-        let discovery = MetaCacheEntries(vec![Some(MetaCacheEntry {
-            name: "object".to_string(),
-            metadata: meta.marshal_msg().expect("free version metadata should marshal"),
-            cached: Some(meta),
-            reusable: false,
-        })])
-        .discover_heal_candidates("bucket", 16);
-        assert!(discovery.candidates.is_empty());
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn discover_heal_candidates_preserves_unversioned_legacy_object() {
-        let legacy = MetaObjectV1 {
-            version: "1.0.1".to_string(),
-            format: "xl".to_string(),
-            stat: MetaObjectV1Stat {
-                size: 1,
-                mod_time: Some(OffsetDateTime::from_unix_timestamp(1_705_312_300).expect("valid timestamp")),
-                name: "object".to_string(),
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-            erasure: MetaObjectV1Erasure {
-                data_blocks: 4,
-                parity_blocks: 2,
-                index: 1,
-                distribution: vec![1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6],
-                ..Default::default()
-            },
-            ..Default::default()
-        };
-        let version = FileMetaVersion {
-            version_type: VersionType::Legacy,
-            legacy_object: Some(legacy),
-            ..Default::default()
-        };
-        let mut meta = FileMeta::new();
-        meta.versions
-            .push(FileMetaShallowVersion::try_from(version).expect("legacy metadata should marshal"));
-        let discovery = MetaCacheEntries(vec![Some(MetaCacheEntry {
-            name: "object".to_string(),
-            metadata: meta.marshal_msg().expect("legacy metadata should marshal"),
-            cached: Some(meta),
-            reusable: false,
-        })])
-        .discover_heal_candidates("bucket", 16);
-        assert!(discovery.candidates.iter().any(|candidate| {
-            candidate.kind == MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::UnversionedObject && candidate.version_id.is_none()
-        }));
-    }
-
-    #[test]
-    fn discover_heal_candidates_rejects_nil_and_malformed_metadata_and_is_bounded() {
-        let now = OffsetDateTime::from_unix_timestamp(1_705_312_300).expect("valid timestamp");
-        let mut nil = metacache_entry_single_version(1, now, "nil");
-        let mut nil_meta = FileMeta::load(&nil.metadata).expect("nil fixture should decode");
-        let mut nil_version = nil_meta.versions[0]
-            .parse_version_meta()
-            .expect("nil fixture version should decode");
-        nil_version.object.as_mut().expect("object fixture").version_id = Some(Uuid::nil());
-        nil_meta.versions[0] = FileMetaShallowVersion::try_from(nil_version).expect("nil fixture should marshal");
-        nil.metadata = nil_meta.marshal_msg().expect("nil fixture metadata should marshal");
-
-        let mut mismatched = metacache_entry_single_version(2, now, "mismatched");
-        let mut mismatched_meta = FileMeta::load(&mismatched.metadata).expect("mismatched fixture should decode");
-        mismatched_meta.versions[0].header.version_id = Some(Uuid::from_u128(200));
-        mismatched.metadata = mismatched_meta.marshal_msg().expect("mismatched metadata should marshal");
-
-        let mut short_parts = metacache_entry_single_version(3, now, "short-parts");
-        let mut short_parts_meta = FileMeta::load(&short_parts.metadata).expect("short-parts fixture should decode");
-        let mut short_parts_version = short_parts_meta.versions[0]
-            .parse_version_meta()
-            .expect("short-parts fixture version should decode");
-        let object = short_parts_version.object.as_mut().expect("object fixture");
-        object.part_numbers = vec![1];
-        object.part_actual_sizes = vec![1];
-        object.part_sizes.clear();
-        short_parts_meta.versions[0] = FileMetaShallowVersion::try_from(short_parts_version).expect("short-parts should marshal");
-        short_parts.metadata = short_parts_meta.marshal_msg().expect("short-parts metadata should marshal");
-
-        let mut short_unversioned = metacache_entry_with_mod_time(now, "short-unversioned");
-        let mut short_unversioned_meta =
-            FileMeta::load(&short_unversioned.metadata).expect("short-unversioned fixture should decode");
-        let mut short_unversioned_version = short_unversioned_meta.versions[0]
-            .parse_version_meta()
-            .expect("short-unversioned version should decode");
-        let unversioned_object = short_unversioned_version.object.as_mut().expect("unversioned object fixture");
-        unversioned_object.part_numbers = vec![1];
-        unversioned_object.part_actual_sizes = vec![1];
-        unversioned_object.part_sizes.clear();
-        short_unversioned_meta.versions[0] =
-            FileMetaShallowVersion::try_from(short_unversioned_version).expect("short-unversioned should marshal");
-        short_unversioned.metadata = short_unversioned_meta
-            .marshal_msg()
-            .expect("short-unversioned metadata should marshal");
-
-        let mut malformed = nil.clone();
-        malformed.name = "malformed".to_string();
-        malformed.metadata = vec![1, 2, 3];
-
-        let entries = MetaCacheEntries(
-            std::iter::once(Some(nil))
-                .chain(std::iter::once(Some(mismatched)))
-                .chain(std::iter::once(Some(short_parts)))
-                .chain(std::iter::once(Some(short_unversioned)))
-                .chain(std::iter::once(Some(malformed)))
-                .chain((0..32).map(|id| Some(metacache_entry_single_version(id + 10, now, "bounded"))))
-                .collect(),
-        );
-        let discovery = entries.discover_heal_candidates("bucket", 5);
-        assert!(discovery.candidates.len() <= 5);
-        assert!(
-            !discovery
-                .candidates
-                .iter()
-                .any(|candidate| candidate.version_id == Some(Uuid::nil()))
-        );
-        assert!(
-            !discovery
-                .candidates
-                .iter()
-                .any(|candidate| candidate.version_id == Some(Uuid::from_u128(2)))
-        );
-        assert!(
-            !discovery
-                .candidates
-                .iter()
-                .any(|candidate| candidate.version_id == Some(Uuid::from_u128(3)))
-        );
-        assert!(discovery.candidates.iter().any(|candidate| {
-            candidate.kind == MetaCacheHealCandidateKind::UnversionedObject && candidate.version_id.is_none()
-        }));
-        assert!(
-            discovery.unverified_count >= 1,
-            "malformed and rejected metadata must remain observable during discovery"
-        );
-
-        for invalid_name in ["../object", "object//", "object\0name"] {
-            let mut entry = metacache_entry_single_version(400, now, invalid_name);
-            entry.name = invalid_name.to_string();
-            let discovery = MetaCacheEntries(vec![Some(entry)]).discover_heal_candidates("bucket", 5);
-            assert!(
-                discovery.candidates.is_empty(),
-                "invalid key should not become a heal candidate: {invalid_name:?}"
-            );
-        }
-    }
-
     #[test]
     fn resolve_rejects_partial_latest_and_returns_committed_previous_metadata() {
         let old_mod_time = OffsetDateTime::from_unix_timestamp(1_705_312_300).expect("valid timestamp");

crates/madmin/src/metrics.rs

@@ -689,6 +689,14 @@ pub struct ScannerMetrics {
     pub cycle_max_objects: u64,
     #[serde(rename = "cycle_max_directories", default)]
     pub cycle_max_directories: u64,
+    #[serde(rename = "cycle_timeout_total", default)]
+    pub cycle_timeout_total: u64,
+    #[serde(rename = "cycle_recovery_required_total", default)]
+    pub cycle_recovery_required_total: u64,
+    #[serde(rename = "cycle_last_progress_age", default)]
+    pub cycle_last_progress_age: u64,
+    #[serde(rename = "leader_lease_without_progress", default)]
+    pub leader_lease_without_progress: bool,
     #[serde(rename = "bitrot_cycle_enabled", default)]
     pub bitrot_cycle_enabled: bool,
     #[serde(rename = "bitrot_cycle_seconds", default)]
@@ -764,6 +772,8 @@ impl ScannerMetrics {
             self.cycle_max_duration_seconds = other.cycle_max_duration_seconds;
             self.cycle_max_objects = other.cycle_max_objects;
             self.cycle_max_directories = other.cycle_max_directories;
+            self.cycle_last_progress_age = other.cycle_last_progress_age;
+            self.leader_lease_without_progress = other.leader_lease_without_progress;
             self.bitrot_cycle_enabled = other.bitrot_cycle_enabled;
             self.bitrot_cycle_seconds = other.bitrot_cycle_seconds;
         }
@@ -857,6 +867,12 @@ impl ScannerMetrics {
             .saturating_add(other.last_cycle_replication_checks);
         self.last_cycle_usage_saves = self.last_cycle_usage_saves.saturating_add(other.last_cycle_usage_saves);
         self.failed_cycles = self.failed_cycles.saturating_add(other.failed_cycles);
+        self.cycle_timeout_total = self.cycle_timeout_total.saturating_add(other.cycle_timeout_total);
+        self.cycle_recovery_required_total = self
+            .cycle_recovery_required_total
+            .saturating_add(other.cycle_recovery_required_total);
+        self.cycle_last_progress_age = self.cycle_last_progress_age.max(other.cycle_last_progress_age);
+        self.leader_lease_without_progress |= other.leader_lease_without_progress;
         self.superseded_cycles = self.superseded_cycles.saturating_add(other.superseded_cycles);
         self.partial_cycles_unknown = self.partial_cycles_unknown.saturating_add(other.partial_cycles_unknown);
         self.partial_cycles_runtime = self.partial_cycles_runtime.saturating_add(other.partial_cycles_runtime);

crates/scanner/src/data_usage_define.rs

@@ -125,6 +125,34 @@ pub(crate) async fn read_config_with_revision<S: ScannerObjectIO>(
     }
 }
 
+/// Read only the object revision without materializing its body.
+pub(crate) async fn read_config_revision<S: ScannerObjectIO>(store: Arc<S>, path: &str) -> StorageResult<DataUsageCacheRevision> {
+    match store
+        .get_object_reader(
+            RUSTFS_META_BUCKET,
+            path,
+            None,
+            HeaderMap::new(),
+            &ObjectOptions {
+                no_lock: true,
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+        )
+        .await
+    {
+        Ok(reader) => reader
+            .object_info
+            .etag
+            .filter(|etag| !etag.is_empty())
+            .map(DataUsageCacheRevision::Etag)
+            .ok_or_else(|| StorageError::other(format!("scanner config object {path} has no ETag"))),
+        Err(Error::FileNotFound | Error::VolumeNotFound | Error::ObjectNotFound(_, _) | Error::BucketNotFound(_)) => {
+            Ok(DataUsageCacheRevision::Missing)
+        }
+        Err(err) => Err(err),
+    }
+}
+
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
 pub(crate) struct DataUsageCacheRevisions {
     main: DataUsageCacheRevision,
@@ -146,6 +174,11 @@ pub static LEGACY_DATA_USAGE_OBJ_NAME_PATH: LazyLock<String> =
 pub static DATA_USAGE_BLOOM_NAME_PATH: LazyLock<String> =
     LazyLock::new(|| format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}{SLASH_SEPARATOR}{DATA_USAGE_BLOOM_NAME}"));
 
+/// Durable companion object for a cycle-state object which cannot be decoded.
+/// The primary object is deliberately never replaced or deleted by recovery.
+pub static DATA_USAGE_BLOOM_RECOVERY_PATH: LazyLock<String> =
+    LazyLock::new(|| format!("{}.recovery-required.json", DATA_USAGE_BLOOM_NAME_PATH.as_str()));
+
 pub static BACKGROUND_HEAL_INFO_PATH: LazyLock<String> =
     LazyLock::new(|| format!("{BUCKET_META_PREFIX}{SLASH_SEPARATOR}.background-heal.json"));
 

crates/scanner/src/data_usage_define/persistence.rs

@@ -74,7 +74,7 @@ impl DataUsageCache {
         let loaded = Self::load_cache(store.clone(), name).await?;
         let backup = match loaded.backup_revision {
             Some(revision) => Some(revision),
-            None => match Self::revision_for_path(store, &backup_path).await {
+            None => match read_config_revision(store, &backup_path).await {
                 Ok(revision) => Some(revision),
                 Err(err) => {
                     counter!(METRIC_CACHE_BACKUP_REVISION_FAILURE_TOTAL).increment(1);
@@ -336,33 +336,6 @@ impl DataUsageCache {
         }
     }
 
-    async fn revision_for_path<S: ScannerObjectIO>(store: Arc<S>, path: &str) -> StorageResult<DataUsageCacheRevision> {
-        match store
-            .get_object_reader(
-                RUSTFS_META_BUCKET,
-                path,
-                None,
-                HeaderMap::new(),
-                &ObjectOptions {
-                    no_lock: true,
-                    ..Default::default()
-                },
-            )
-            .await
-        {
-            Ok(reader) => reader
-                .object_info
-                .etag
-                .filter(|etag| !etag.is_empty())
-                .map(DataUsageCacheRevision::Etag)
-                .ok_or_else(|| StorageError::other(format!("scanner cache object {path} has no ETag"))),
-            Err(Error::FileNotFound | Error::VolumeNotFound | Error::ObjectNotFound(_, _) | Error::BucketNotFound(_)) => {
-                Ok(DataUsageCacheRevision::Missing)
-            }
-            Err(err) => Err(err),
-        }
-    }
-
     pub(super) fn cache_save_timeout() -> Duration {
         crate::runtime_config::scanner_cache_save_timeout()
     }

crates/scanner/src/lib.rs

@@ -75,7 +75,10 @@ pub use remote_scanner::{
 };
 pub use runtime_config::{apply_scanner_runtime_config, scanner_runtime_config_status, validate_scanner_runtime_config};
 pub use rustfs_common::last_minute;
-pub use scanner::{ScannerCycleScheduleStatus, init_data_scanner, scanner_cycle_schedule_status, scanner_topology_digest};
+pub use scanner::{
+    ScannerCycleRecoveryMarker, ScannerCycleRecoveryStatus, ScannerCycleScheduleStatus, init_data_scanner,
+    reset_scanner_cycle_recovery, scanner_cycle_recovery_status, scanner_cycle_schedule_status, scanner_topology_digest,
+};
 pub use scanner_io::{
     ScannerDirtyUsageAckError, ScannerDirtyUsageState, acknowledge_dirty_usage_generation, clear_dirty_usage_bucket,
     record_dirty_usage_bucket, record_scanner_maintenance_change, scanner_activity_epoch, scanner_dirty_usage_state,

crates/scanner/src/runtime_config.rs

@@ -125,7 +125,10 @@ impl Default for ScannerRuntimeConfig {
             cycle_interval_source: ScannerRuntimeConfigSource::Default,
             bitrot_cycle: Some(Duration::from_secs(DEFAULT_HEAL_BITROT_CYCLE_SECS)),
             bitrot_cycle_source: ScannerRuntimeConfigSource::Default,
-            cycle_budget: ScannerCycleBudgetConfig::default(),
+            cycle_budget: ScannerCycleBudgetConfig {
+                max_duration: Some(Duration::from_secs(DEFAULT_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS)),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
             cycle_max_duration_source: ScannerRuntimeConfigSource::Default,
             cycle_max_objects_source: ScannerRuntimeConfigSource::Default,
             cycle_max_directories_source: ScannerRuntimeConfigSource::Default,
@@ -374,7 +377,10 @@ fn validate_persisted_scanner_runtime_config(config: &ServerConfig) -> Result<()
     }
     validate_optional_config_u64(scanner_kvs, SCANNER_START_DELAY, "")?;
     validate_optional_config_u64(scanner_kvs, SCANNER_CYCLE, "")?;
-    validate_optional_config_u64(scanner_kvs, SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION, DEFAULT_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS)?;
+    if let Some(value) = config_value(scanner_kvs, SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION, DEFAULT_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS) {
+        let secs = parse_config_u64(SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION, value)?;
+        cycle_duration_from_secs(SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION, secs)?;
+    }
     validate_optional_config_u64(scanner_kvs, SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_OBJECTS, DEFAULT_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_OBJECTS)?;
     validate_optional_config_u64(scanner_kvs, SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DIRECTORIES, DEFAULT_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DIRECTORIES)?;
     if let Some(value) = config_value(heal_kvs, HEAL_BITROT_CYCLE, DEFAULT_HEAL_BITROT_CYCLE_SECS) {
@@ -436,19 +442,46 @@ fn lookup_max_wait(
     Ok((speed.max_sleep(), speed_source))
 }
 
-fn lookup_optional_seconds(
-    kvs: Option<&KVS>,
-    key: &'static str,
-    env_key: &'static str,
-    default: u64,
-) -> Result<(Option<Duration>, ScannerRuntimeConfigSource), ScannerRuntimeConfigError> {
-    if let Some(secs) = rustfs_utils::get_env_opt_u64(env_key) {
-        return Ok((Some(Duration::from_secs(secs)), ScannerRuntimeConfigSource::Env));
+fn lookup_cycle_duration(kvs: Option<&KVS>) -> Result<(Option<Duration>, ScannerRuntimeConfigSource), ScannerRuntimeConfigError> {
+    match rustfs_utils::get_env_parse_outcome::<u64>(ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS) {
+        rustfs_utils::EnvParseOutcome::Parsed(secs) => {
+            return cycle_duration_from_secs(ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS, secs)
+                .map(|duration| (duration, ScannerRuntimeConfigSource::Env));
+        }
+        rustfs_utils::EnvParseOutcome::Invalid => {
+            // Do not include the raw environment value in the typed error:
+            // deployments occasionally put sensitive material in inherited
+            // environment snapshots. The key still identifies the control.
+            return Err(invalid_value(
+                ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS,
+                "<invalid>",
+                "expected unsigned integer seconds",
+            ));
+        }
+        rustfs_utils::EnvParseOutcome::Absent => {}
     }
-    if let Some(value) = config_value(kvs, key, default) {
-        return parse_config_u64(key, value).map(|secs| (Some(Duration::from_secs(secs)), ScannerRuntimeConfigSource::Config));
+
+    if let Some(value) = config_value(kvs, SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION, DEFAULT_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS) {
+        let secs = parse_config_u64(SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION, value)?;
+        return cycle_duration_from_secs(SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION, secs)
+            .map(|duration| (duration, ScannerRuntimeConfigSource::Config));
     }
-    Ok((None, ScannerRuntimeConfigSource::Default))
+
+    Ok((
+        Some(Duration::from_secs(DEFAULT_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS)),
+        ScannerRuntimeConfigSource::Default,
+    ))
+}
+
+fn cycle_duration_from_secs(key: &'static str, secs: u64) -> Result<Option<Duration>, ScannerRuntimeConfigError> {
+    if secs == 0 {
+        return Ok(None);
+    }
+    let duration = Duration::from_secs(secs);
+    if std::time::Instant::now().checked_add(duration).is_none() {
+        return Err(invalid_value(key, "<overflow>", "duration exceeds the timer range"));
+    }
+    Ok(Some(duration))
 }
 
 fn lookup_start_delay(kvs: Option<&KVS>) -> Result<(Option<Duration>, ScannerRuntimeConfigSource), ScannerRuntimeConfigError> {
@@ -553,12 +586,7 @@ pub(crate) fn lookup_scanner_runtime_config(
         (speed.cycle_interval(), speed_source)
     };
 
-    let (cycle_max_duration, cycle_max_duration_source) = lookup_optional_seconds(
-        scanner_kvs,
-        SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION,
-        ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS,
-        DEFAULT_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS,
-    )?;
+    let (cycle_max_duration, cycle_max_duration_source) = lookup_cycle_duration(scanner_kvs)?;
     let (cycle_max_objects, cycle_max_objects_source) = lookup_count_budget(
         scanner_kvs,
         SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_OBJECTS,
@@ -863,10 +891,10 @@ mod tests {
     use rustfs_config::server_config::{Config as ServerConfig, KVS};
     use rustfs_config::{
         DEFAULT_DELIMITER, DEFAULT_HEAL_BITROT_CYCLE_SECS, ENV_SCANNER_BITROT_CYCLE_SECS, ENV_SCANNER_CACHE_SAVE_TIMEOUT_SECS,
-        ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE, ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_OBJECTS, ENV_SCANNER_DELAY, ENV_SCANNER_MAX_WAIT_SECS, ENV_SCANNER_SPEED,
-        HEAL_BITROT_CYCLE, HEAL_SUB_SYS, SCANNER_BITROT_CYCLE, SCANNER_CACHE_SAVE_TIMEOUT, SCANNER_CYCLE,
-        SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DIRECTORIES, SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION, SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_OBJECTS, SCANNER_DELAY, SCANNER_IDLE_MODE,
-        SCANNER_SPEED, SCANNER_SUB_SYS, ScannerSpeed,
+        ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE, ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS, ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_OBJECTS, ENV_SCANNER_DELAY,
+        ENV_SCANNER_MAX_WAIT_SECS, ENV_SCANNER_SPEED, HEAL_BITROT_CYCLE, HEAL_SUB_SYS, SCANNER_BITROT_CYCLE,
+        SCANNER_CACHE_SAVE_TIMEOUT, SCANNER_CYCLE, SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DIRECTORIES, SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION,
+        SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_OBJECTS, SCANNER_DELAY, SCANNER_IDLE_MODE, SCANNER_SPEED, SCANNER_SUB_SYS, ScannerSpeed,
     };
     use std::collections::HashMap;
     use std::time::Duration;
@@ -941,6 +969,50 @@ mod tests {
         });
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn scanner_unset_budget_uses_safe_default_but_explicit_zero_is_unbounded() {
+        let config = server_config_with_scanner(&[]);
+        with_var_unset(ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS, || {
+            let resolved = lookup_scanner_runtime_config(Some(&config)).expect("scanner runtime config");
+            assert_eq!(resolved.cycle_budget.max_duration, Some(Duration::from_secs(1800)));
+            assert_eq!(resolved.cycle_max_duration_source, ScannerRuntimeConfigSource::Default);
+        });
+
+        let config = server_config_with_scanner(&[(SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION, "0")]);
+        with_var_unset(ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS, || {
+            let resolved = lookup_scanner_runtime_config(Some(&config)).expect("scanner runtime config");
+            assert_eq!(resolved.cycle_budget.max_duration, None);
+            assert_eq!(resolved.cycle_max_duration_source, ScannerRuntimeConfigSource::Config);
+        });
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn cycle_budget_invalid_or_overflow_config_is_rejected() {
+        with_var(ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS, Some("invalid"), || {
+            let error = lookup_scanner_runtime_config(None).expect_err("invalid duration env must be rejected");
+            assert!(error.to_string().contains(ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS));
+            assert!(error.to_string().contains("<invalid>"));
+            assert!(!error.to_string().contains(": invalid ("));
+        });
+        with_var(ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS, Some("18446744073709551616"), || {
+            assert!(lookup_scanner_runtime_config(None).is_err());
+        });
+        with_var(ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS, Some("18446744073709551615"), || {
+            assert!(lookup_scanner_runtime_config(None).is_err());
+        });
+        let config = server_config_with_scanner(&[(SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION, "not-a-duration")]);
+        assert!(lookup_scanner_runtime_config(Some(&config)).is_err());
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn scanner_runtime_config_validation_rejects_overflow_persisted_duration() {
+        let config = server_config_with_scanner(&[(SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION, "18446744073709551615")]);
+
+        let error = validate_scanner_runtime_config(&config)
+            .expect_err("persisted duration that exceeds the timer range must be rejected");
+        assert!(error.to_string().contains(SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn scanner_runtime_config_normalizes_persisted_default_speed() {
         let config = server_config_with_scanner(&[(SCANNER_SPEED, "default")]);

crates/scanner/src/scanner.rs

@@ -20,7 +20,7 @@ use std::sync::{Arc, LazyLock, RwLock};
 
 use crate::data_usage_define::{
     BACKGROUND_HEAL_INFO_PATH, DATA_USAGE_BLOOM_NAME_PATH, DATA_USAGE_OBJ_NAME_PATH, DATA_USAGE_OBSERVED_OBJ_NAME_PATH,
-    DataUsageCache, DataUsageCacheRevision, LEGACY_DATA_USAGE_OBJ_NAME_PATH, read_config_with_revision,
+    DataUsageCache, DataUsageCacheRevision, LEGACY_DATA_USAGE_OBJ_NAME_PATH, read_config_revision, read_config_with_revision,
 };
 use crate::runtime_config::{
     ScannerRuntimeConfig, ScannerRuntimeConfigSource, refresh_scanner_runtime_config_from_global, scanner_bitrot_cycle,
@@ -52,11 +52,10 @@ use rustfs_config::{
 };
 use rustfs_config::{ENV_SCANNER_CYCLE, ENV_SCANNER_SPEED, ENV_SCANNER_START_DELAY_SECS};
 use rustfs_data_usage::observed_data_usage_is_newer;
+use rustfs_lock::NamespaceLockGuard;
 use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
 use sha2::{Digest as _, Sha256};
-#[cfg(test)]
-use tokio::sync::Notify;
-use tokio::sync::mpsc;
+use tokio::sync::{Notify, mpsc};
 use tokio::time::{Duration, Instant};
 use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
 use tokio_util::task::AbortOnDropHandle;
@@ -104,6 +103,13 @@ const CLEAN_IDLE_BACKOFF_FACTOR: u32 = 2;
 /// unavailable peer cannot drive a tight retry loop.
 const SCANNER_RETRY_BASE_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5);
 const SCANNER_RETRY_MAX_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30 * 60);
+/// A transient backend outage remains self-healing after the short retry
+/// budget is exhausted, but the probe is intentionally sparse until storage
+/// recovers or an operator reset wakes the scanner.
+const SCANNER_CYCLE_RECOVERY_PAUSED_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5 * 60);
+/// Permanent recovery states still get a sparse status probe so a reset that
+/// races the wait registration cannot leave the scanner asleep forever.
+const SCANNER_CYCLE_RECOVERY_BLOCKED_PROBE_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(5 * 60);
 const SCANNER_LEADER_LOCK_POLL_INTERVAL: Duration = Duration::from_secs(1);
 #[cfg(not(test))]
 const SCANNER_LOCK_LOSS_SHUTDOWN_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30);
@@ -125,6 +131,12 @@ type ScannerCycleStatePersistTestHook = (u64, Arc<Notify>);
 static SCANNER_CYCLE_STATE_PERSIST_TEST_HOOK: LazyLock<StdMutex<Option<ScannerCycleStatePersistTestHook>>> =
     LazyLock::new(|| StdMutex::new(None));
 
+static SCANNER_CYCLE_RECOVERY_WAKE: LazyLock<Notify> = LazyLock::new(Notify::new);
+
+pub(super) fn notify_scanner_cycle_recovery_wake() {
+    SCANNER_CYCLE_RECOVERY_WAKE.notify_one();
+}
+
 #[cfg(test)]
 struct ScannerCycleStatePersistTestHookGuard;
 
@@ -576,19 +588,21 @@ pub async fn init_data_scanner(ctx: CancellationToken, storeapi: Arc<ECStore>) {
             tokio::time::sleep(sleep_time).await;
         }
 
+        let mut transient_backoff = ScannerRetryBackoff::default();
+        let mut recovery_retry_count = 0_u32;
         loop {
             if ctx_clone.is_cancelled() {
                 break;
             }
 
-            if let Err(e) = run_data_scanner_with_maintenance_state(
+            let run_result = run_data_scanner_with_maintenance_state(
                 ctx_clone.clone(),
                 storeapi_clone.clone(),
                 startup_features,
                 startup_maintenance_generation,
             )
-            .await
-            {
+            .await;
+            if let Err(e) = &run_result {
                 error!(
                     target: "rustfs::scanner",
                     event = EVENT_SCANNER_CYCLE_STATE,
@@ -599,11 +613,52 @@ pub async fn init_data_scanner(ctx: CancellationToken, storeapi: Arc<ECStore>) {
                     "Scanner runtime iteration failed"
                 );
             }
+            let recovery_status = scanner_cycle_recovery_status();
+            if recovery_status.retryable {
+                recovery_retry_count = recovery_retry_count.saturating_add(1);
+                let _ = record_scanner_cycle_recovery_retry(recovery_retry_count);
+            } else {
+                recovery_retry_count = 0;
+            }
+
+            let recovery_status = scanner_cycle_recovery_status();
+            if recovery_status.state == "paused" {
+                transient_backoff.record_retryable_cycle(false);
+                tokio::select! {
+                    _ = ctx_clone.cancelled() => break,
+                    _ = SCANNER_CYCLE_RECOVERY_WAKE.notified() => {},
+                    _ = tokio::time::sleep(SCANNER_CYCLE_RECOVERY_PAUSED_INTERVAL) => {},
+                }
+                recovery_retry_count = 0;
+                continue;
+            }
+            if !recovery_status.retryable
+                && matches!(recovery_status.state.as_str(), "blocked" | "recovery-required" | "cleanup-pending")
+            {
+                transient_backoff.record_retryable_cycle(false);
+                tokio::select! {
+                    _ = ctx_clone.cancelled() => break,
+                    _ = SCANNER_CYCLE_RECOVERY_WAKE.notified() => {},
+                    _ = tokio::time::sleep(SCANNER_CYCLE_RECOVERY_BLOCKED_PROBE_INTERVAL) => {},
+                }
+                continue;
+            }
+
+            let retry_delay = if recovery_status.retryable || run_result.is_err() {
+                transient_backoff.record_retryable_cycle(true);
+                transient_backoff
+                    .retry_interval(scanner_cycle_interval())
+                    .unwrap_or(SCANNER_RETRY_BASE_INTERVAL)
+            } else {
+                transient_backoff.record_retryable_cycle(false);
+                randomized_cycle_delay()
+            };
             // Backoff before retrying after lock contention or scanner-level failures.
             // Keep this cancellation-aware so shutdown is not delayed by backoff sleep.
             tokio::select! {
                 _ = ctx_clone.cancelled() => break,
-                _ = tokio::time::sleep(randomized_cycle_delay()) => {}
+                _ = SCANNER_CYCLE_RECOVERY_WAKE.notified() => {},
+                _ = tokio::time::sleep(retry_delay) => {}
             }
         }
     });
@@ -983,20 +1038,116 @@ fn data_usage_persist_timeout() -> Duration {
     DataUsageCache::persistence_timeout()
 }
 
+#[cfg(not(test))]
+const SCANNER_CYCLE_EPOCH_FENCE_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_secs(30);
+#[cfg(test)]
+const SCANNER_CYCLE_EPOCH_FENCE_TIMEOUT: Duration = Duration::from_millis(50);
+
+async fn fence_scanner_epoch_after_cycle_timeout<Store, LockLost>(
+    ctx: &CancellationToken,
+    storeapi: Arc<Store>,
+    cycle_info: &mut CurrentCycle,
+    cycle_revision: &mut DataUsageCacheRevision,
+    leader_epoch: &mut u64,
+    lock_lost: LockLost,
+) -> bool
+where
+    Store: ScannerObjectIO,
+    LockLost: Future<Output = ()>,
+{
+    let fence_ctx = ctx.child_token();
+    let claim = claim_scanner_leadership(&fence_ctx, storeapi, cycle_info, cycle_revision, leader_epoch);
+    tokio::pin!(claim);
+    tokio::pin!(lock_lost);
+    tokio::select! {
+        biased;
+        _ = &mut lock_lost => {
+            fence_ctx.cancel();
+            false
+        }
+        result = tokio::time::timeout(SCANNER_CYCLE_EPOCH_FENCE_TIMEOUT, &mut claim) => {
+            result.unwrap_or(false) && !fence_ctx.is_cancelled()
+        }
+    }
+}
+
+struct ScannerCycleDeadlineState<'a> {
+    cycle_info: &'a mut CurrentCycle,
+    cycle_revision: &'a mut DataUsageCacheRevision,
+    leader_epoch: &'a mut u64,
+    cycle_budget: &'a ScannerCycleBudget,
+}
+
+fn cycle_timeout_requires_recovery(worker_stopped: bool, cycle_state_persisted: bool, generation_fenced: bool) -> bool {
+    !worker_stopped || !cycle_state_persisted || !generation_fenced
+}
+
+async fn handle_scanner_cycle_deadline<Store>(
+    ctx: &CancellationToken,
+    storeapi: Arc<Store>,
+    state: ScannerCycleDeadlineState<'_>,
+    worker_stopped: bool,
+    guard: &mut NamespaceLockGuard,
+) where
+    Store: ScannerObjectIO,
+{
+    let fenced = fence_scanner_epoch_after_cycle_timeout(
+        ctx,
+        storeapi,
+        state.cycle_info,
+        state.cycle_revision,
+        state.leader_epoch,
+        guard.lock_lost_notified(),
+    )
+    .await;
+    let cycle_state_persisted = state.cycle_budget.cycle_state_persisted();
+    let recovery_required = cycle_timeout_requires_recovery(worker_stopped, cycle_state_persisted, fenced);
+    warn!(
+        target: "rustfs::scanner",
+        event = EVENT_SCANNER_CYCLE_STATE,
+        component = LOG_COMPONENT_SCANNER,
+        subsystem = LOG_SUBSYSTEM_RUNTIME,
+        state = "cycle_timeout",
+        worker_stopped,
+        cycle_state_persisted,
+        generation_fenced = fenced,
+        recovery_required,
+        "Scanner cycle deadline expired; durable cursor/generation fencing completed when possible"
+    );
+    global_metrics().record_scanner_cycle_timeout(recovery_required, state.cycle_budget.progress_age());
+    // Stop renewing before releasing the lease. A new leader can then claim the
+    // higher persisted generation instead of inheriting the expired worker.
+    guard.release();
+    global_metrics().set_cycle(None).await;
+}
+
 async fn mark_scan_cycle_idle(cycle_info: &mut CurrentCycle, cycle_metrics_guard: &mut ScannerCycleMetricsGuard) {
     cycle_info.current = 0;
     global_metrics().clear_current_scan_mode();
     cycle_metrics_guard.finish(cycle_info.clone()).await;
 }
 
-#[instrument(skip_all)]
-#[hotpath::measure]
+#[cfg(test)]
 async fn run_data_scanner_cycle(
     ctx: &CancellationToken,
     storeapi: &Arc<ECStore>,
     cycle_info: &mut CurrentCycle,
     cycle_revision: &mut DataUsageCacheRevision,
     leader_epoch: u64,
+) -> ScannerCycleOutcome {
+    let cycle_budget = ScannerCycleBudget::new(ctx, scanner_cycle_budget_config());
+    run_data_scanner_cycle_with_budget(ctx, storeapi, cycle_info, cycle_revision, leader_epoch, cycle_budget).await
+}
+
+#[instrument(skip_all)]
+#[hotpath::measure]
+async fn run_data_scanner_cycle_with_budget(
+    ctx: &CancellationToken,
+    storeapi: &Arc<ECStore>,
+    cycle_info: &mut CurrentCycle,
+    cycle_revision: &mut DataUsageCacheRevision,
+    leader_epoch: u64,
+    cycle_budget: Arc<ScannerCycleBudget>,
 ) -> ScannerCycleOutcome {
     let _activity_guard = ScannerActivityGuard::new();
     if let Err(err) = refresh_scanner_runtime_config_from_global() {
@@ -1012,7 +1163,11 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_cycle(
     }
     let configured_cycle_interval = scanner_cycle_interval();
     let configured_bitrot_cycle = scanner_bitrot_cycle();
-    let cycle_budget_config = scanner_cycle_budget_config();
+    let cycle_budget_config = ScannerCycleBudgetConfig {
+        max_duration: cycle_budget.max_duration(),
+        max_objects: cycle_budget.max_objects(),
+        max_directories: cycle_budget.max_directories(),
+    };
     let usage_persist_timeout = data_usage_persist_timeout();
     global_metrics().record_scanner_cycle_config(
         configured_cycle_interval,
@@ -1083,7 +1238,6 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_cycle(
     let (sender, receiver) = mpsc::channel::<DataUsageInfo>(1);
 
     let done_cycle = Metrics::time(Metric::ScanCycle);
-    let cycle_budget = ScannerCycleBudget::new(ctx, cycle_budget_config);
     let scan_result = storeapi
         .clone()
         .nsscanner_with_status(
@@ -1223,7 +1377,7 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_cycle(
                 "Scanner cycle is recovering to a newer durable cache generation"
             );
             emit_scan_cycle_partial_with_source(cycle_start.elapsed(), ScanCyclePartialReason::Unknown, None);
-            return if persist_required_scanner_cycle_floor(
+            let persisted = persist_required_scanner_cycle_floor(
                 ctx,
                 storeapi.clone(),
                 cycle_info,
@@ -1232,8 +1386,9 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_cycle(
                 required_cycle,
                 &mut cycle_metrics_guard,
             )
-            .await
-            {
+            .await;
+            return if persisted {
+                cycle_budget.mark_cycle_state_persisted();
                 ScannerCycleOutcome::Partial
             } else {
                 ScannerCycleOutcome::Failed
@@ -1291,7 +1446,7 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_cycle(
             scan_cycle_partial_reason(budget_reason),
             scan_cycle_partial_source(budget_reason),
         );
-        return if finalize_partial_scan_cycle(
+        let persisted = finalize_partial_scan_cycle(
             ctx,
             storeapi.clone(),
             cycle_info,
@@ -1299,8 +1454,9 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_cycle(
             leader_epoch,
             &mut cycle_metrics_guard,
         )
-        .await
-        {
+        .await;
+        return if persisted {
+            cycle_budget.mark_cycle_state_persisted();
             ScannerCycleOutcome::Partial
         } else {
             ScannerCycleOutcome::Failed
@@ -1375,7 +1531,7 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_cycle(
                 );
             }
             emit_scan_cycle_partial_with_source(cycle_start.elapsed(), ScanCyclePartialReason::Unknown, None);
-            return if finalize_partial_scan_cycle(
+            let persisted = finalize_partial_scan_cycle(
                 ctx,
                 storeapi.clone(),
                 cycle_info,
@@ -1383,8 +1539,9 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_cycle(
                 leader_epoch,
                 &mut cycle_metrics_guard,
             )
-            .await
-            {
+            .await;
+            return if persisted {
+                cycle_budget.mark_cycle_state_persisted();
                 ScannerCycleOutcome::Partial
             } else {
                 ScannerCycleOutcome::Failed
@@ -1425,6 +1582,7 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_cycle(
             )
             .await
             {
+                cycle_budget.mark_cycle_state_persisted();
                 emit_scan_cycle_superseded(cycle_start.elapsed());
                 return ScannerCycleOutcome::Superseded;
             }
@@ -1457,6 +1615,7 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_cycle(
         emit_scan_cycle_complete(false, cycle_start.elapsed());
         return ScannerCycleOutcome::Failed;
     }
+    cycle_budget.mark_cycle_state_persisted();
 
     done_cycle();
     emit_scan_cycle_complete(true, cycle_start.elapsed());
@@ -1521,7 +1680,7 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_with_maintenance_state(
 ) -> Result<(), ScannerError> {
     reset_scanner_cycle_schedule();
     // Acquire leader lock (write lock) to ensure only one scanner runs
-    let guard = match storeapi.new_ns_lock(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, "leader.lock").await {
+    let mut guard = match storeapi.new_ns_lock(RUSTFS_META_BUCKET, "leader.lock").await {
         Ok(ns_lock) => match ns_lock.get_write_lock_quiet(get_lock_acquire_timeout()).await {
             Ok(guard) => {
                 record_scanner_leader_lock_state("acquired");
@@ -1606,40 +1765,22 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_with_maintenance_state(
         observe_scanner_activity(&storeapi, distributed, &mut scanner_activity_seen).await;
     }
 
-    let (buf, mut cycle_revision) = match read_config_with_revision(storeapi.clone(), DATA_USAGE_BLOOM_NAME_PATH.as_str()).await {
-        Ok((buf, revision)) => (buf.unwrap_or_default(), revision),
-        Err(err) => {
-            error!(
-                target: "rustfs::scanner",
-                event = EVENT_SCANNER_PERSIST_STATE,
-                component = LOG_COMPONENT_SCANNER,
-                subsystem = LOG_SUBSYSTEM_RUNTIME,
-                path = %&*DATA_USAGE_BLOOM_NAME_PATH,
-                state = "revision_load_failed",
-                error = %err,
-                "Scanner cycle state revision load failed"
-            );
-            global_metrics().set_cycle(None).await;
-            return Ok(());
-        }
-    };
-    let (mut cycle_info, mut leader_epoch) = match decode_scanner_cycle_state_for_startup(&buf) {
-        Ok(state) => state,
-        Err(err) => {
-            error!(
-                target: "rustfs::scanner",
-                event = EVENT_SCANNER_PERSIST_STATE,
-                component = LOG_COMPONENT_SCANNER,
-                subsystem = LOG_SUBSYSTEM_RUNTIME,
-                path = %&*DATA_USAGE_BLOOM_NAME_PATH,
-                state = "cycle_decode_failed",
-                error = %err,
-                "Scanner stopped because persisted cycle state is invalid"
-            );
-            global_metrics().set_cycle(None).await;
-            return Ok(());
-        }
-    };
+    let (mut cycle_info, mut leader_epoch, mut cycle_revision) =
+        match load_scanner_cycle_state_for_startup(storeapi.clone()).await {
+            ScannerCycleStateStartup::Ready {
+                cycle,
+                leader_epoch,
+                revision,
+            } => (cycle, leader_epoch, revision),
+            ScannerCycleStateStartup::Blocked => {
+                global_metrics().set_cycle(None).await;
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            ScannerCycleStateStartup::Transient(err) => {
+                global_metrics().set_cycle(None).await;
+                return Err(err);
+            }
+        };
     let usage_floor = match persisted_usage_floor(storeapi.clone()).await {
         Ok(floor) => floor,
         Err(err) => {
@@ -1704,13 +1845,49 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_with_maintenance_state(
             return Ok(());
         }
         let cycle_ctx = ctx.child_token();
-        let initial_outcome = await_scanner_cycle_with_lock_fence(
+        let cycle_budget = ScannerCycleBudget::new_with_runtime_progress_tracking(&cycle_ctx, scanner_cycle_budget_config());
+        let initial_outcome = match await_scanner_cycle_with_budget_fence(
             &cycle_ctx,
-            run_data_scanner_cycle(&cycle_ctx, &storeapi, &mut cycle_info, &mut cycle_revision, leader_epoch),
+            &cycle_budget,
+            run_data_scanner_cycle_with_budget(
+                &cycle_ctx,
+                &storeapi,
+                &mut cycle_info,
+                &mut cycle_revision,
+                leader_epoch,
+                cycle_budget.clone(),
+            ),
             guard.lock_lost_notified(),
         )
         .await
-        .unwrap_or(ScannerCycleOutcome::Failed);
+        {
+            ScannerCycleWaitOutcome::Completed(outcome) => outcome,
+            ScannerCycleWaitOutcome::LockLost => {
+                record_scanner_leader_lock_lost("Scanner leader lock lost during the initial cycle").await;
+                global_metrics().set_cycle(None).await;
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            ScannerCycleWaitOutcome::Cancelled => {
+                global_metrics().set_cycle(None).await;
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            ScannerCycleWaitOutcome::Deadline { worker_stopped } => {
+                handle_scanner_cycle_deadline(
+                    &ctx,
+                    storeapi.clone(),
+                    ScannerCycleDeadlineState {
+                        cycle_info: &mut cycle_info,
+                        cycle_revision: &mut cycle_revision,
+                        leader_epoch: &mut leader_epoch,
+                        cycle_budget: &cycle_budget,
+                    },
+                    worker_stopped,
+                    &mut guard,
+                )
+                .await;
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+        };
         superseded_backoff.record_retryable_cycle(initial_outcome == ScannerCycleOutcome::Superseded);
         deferred_backoff.record_retryable_cycle(matches!(initial_outcome, ScannerCycleOutcome::Deferred(_)));
         dirty_usage_generation_seen = dirty_generation_before_cycle;
@@ -1916,13 +2093,49 @@ async fn run_data_scanner_with_maintenance_state(
         }
         let dirty_generation_before_cycle = dirty_usage_generation();
         let cycle_ctx = ctx.child_token();
-        let outcome = await_scanner_cycle_with_lock_fence(
+        let cycle_budget = ScannerCycleBudget::new_with_runtime_progress_tracking(&cycle_ctx, scanner_cycle_budget_config());
+        let outcome = match await_scanner_cycle_with_budget_fence(
             &cycle_ctx,
-            run_data_scanner_cycle(&cycle_ctx, &storeapi, &mut cycle_info, &mut cycle_revision, leader_epoch),
+            &cycle_budget,
+            run_data_scanner_cycle_with_budget(
+                &cycle_ctx,
+                &storeapi,
+                &mut cycle_info,
+                &mut cycle_revision,
+                leader_epoch,
+                cycle_budget.clone(),
+            ),
             guard.lock_lost_notified(),
         )
         .await
-        .unwrap_or(ScannerCycleOutcome::Failed);
+        {
+            ScannerCycleWaitOutcome::Completed(outcome) => outcome,
+            ScannerCycleWaitOutcome::LockLost => {
+                record_scanner_leader_lock_lost("Scanner leader lock lost during a scanner cycle").await;
+                global_metrics().set_cycle(None).await;
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            ScannerCycleWaitOutcome::Cancelled => {
+                global_metrics().set_cycle(None).await;
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+            ScannerCycleWaitOutcome::Deadline { worker_stopped } => {
+                handle_scanner_cycle_deadline(
+                    &ctx,
+                    storeapi.clone(),
+                    ScannerCycleDeadlineState {
+                        cycle_info: &mut cycle_info,
+                        cycle_revision: &mut cycle_revision,
+                        leader_epoch: &mut leader_epoch,
+                        cycle_budget: &cycle_budget,
+                    },
+                    worker_stopped,
+                    &mut guard,
+                )
+                .await;
+                return Ok(());
+            }
+        };
         superseded_backoff.record_retryable_cycle(outcome == ScannerCycleOutcome::Superseded);
         deferred_backoff.record_retryable_cycle(matches!(outcome, ScannerCycleOutcome::Deferred(_)));
         dirty_usage_generation_seen = dirty_generation_before_cycle;
@@ -2219,7 +2432,12 @@ pub(crate) use activity::{
 pub(crate) use activity::{ScannerCycleOutcome, scanner_cycle_outcome_with_pending_maintenance};
 #[cfg(test)]
 pub(crate) use cycle_state::encode_scanner_cycle_fence_for_test;
-pub(crate) use cycle_state::{current_scanner_leader_epoch, decode_persisted_scanner_cycle_fence};
+pub use cycle_state::{
+    ScannerCycleRecoveryMarker, ScannerCycleRecoveryStatus, reset_scanner_cycle_recovery, scanner_cycle_recovery_status,
+};
+pub(crate) use cycle_state::{
+    current_scanner_leader_epoch, decode_persisted_scanner_cycle_fence, load_scanner_cycle_state_for_startup,
+};
 pub use heal_info::{BackgroundHealInfo, read_background_heal_info, save_background_heal_info};
 pub use usage_store::store_data_usage_in_backend;
 

crates/scanner/src/scanner/leadership.rs

@@ -196,7 +196,7 @@ pub(super) async fn claim_scanner_leadership(
         if ctx.is_cancelled() {
             return false;
         }
-        let Some(claimed_epoch) = persisted_epoch.checked_add(1) else {
+        let Some(claimed_epoch) = persisted_epoch.checked_add(1).filter(|epoch| *epoch < u64::MAX) else {
             error!(
                 target: "rustfs::scanner",
                 event = EVENT_SCANNER_PERSIST_STATE,

crates/scanner/src/scanner_budget.rs

@@ -14,17 +14,16 @@
 
 use std::sync::{
     Arc,
-    atomic::{AtomicU8, AtomicU64, Ordering},
+    atomic::{AtomicBool, AtomicU8, AtomicU64, Ordering},
 };
-use std::time::Instant;
-
-use tokio::time::Duration;
+use tokio::time::{Duration, Instant};
 use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
 
 const BUDGET_REASON_NONE: u8 = 0;
 const BUDGET_REASON_RUNTIME: u8 = 1;
 const BUDGET_REASON_OBJECTS: u8 = 2;
 const BUDGET_REASON_DIRECTORIES: u8 = 3;
+const PROGRESS_CLOCK_SAMPLE_INTERVAL: u64 = 128;
 
 #[derive(Clone, Copy, Debug, Default, PartialEq, Eq)]
 pub(crate) struct ScannerCycleBudgetConfig {
@@ -63,29 +62,51 @@ pub struct ScannerCycleBudget {
     token: CancellationToken,
     reason: Arc<AtomicU8>,
     started_at: Instant,
+    deadline: Option<Instant>,
     max_duration: Option<Duration>,
     max_objects: Option<u64>,
     max_directories: Option<u64>,
     track_progress: bool,
+    track_unbounded_counts: bool,
     objects_scanned: AtomicU64,
     directories_started: AtomicU64,
     entries_visited: AtomicU64,
+    last_progress_millis: AtomicU64,
+    cycle_state_persisted: AtomicBool,
 }
 
 impl ScannerCycleBudget {
+    #[cfg(test)]
     pub(crate) fn new(parent: &CancellationToken, config: ScannerCycleBudgetConfig) -> Arc<Self> {
-        Self::new_inner(parent, config, false)
+        Self::new_inner(parent, config, false, false)
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn new_with_progress_tracking(parent: &CancellationToken, config: ScannerCycleBudgetConfig) -> Arc<Self> {
-        Self::new_inner(parent, config, true)
+        Self::new_inner(parent, config, true, true)
     }
 
-    fn new_inner(parent: &CancellationToken, config: ScannerCycleBudgetConfig, track_progress: bool) -> Arc<Self> {
+    pub(crate) fn new_with_runtime_progress_tracking(parent: &CancellationToken, config: ScannerCycleBudgetConfig) -> Arc<Self> {
+        let track_progress = config.max_duration.is_some();
+        Self::new_inner(parent, config, track_progress, false)
+    }
+
+    fn new_inner(
+        parent: &CancellationToken,
+        config: ScannerCycleBudgetConfig,
+        track_progress: bool,
+        track_unbounded_counts: bool,
+    ) -> Arc<Self> {
         let token = parent.child_token();
         let reason = Arc::new(AtomicU8::new(BUDGET_REASON_NONE));
+        let started_at = Instant::now();
+        let deadline = config.max_duration.map(|duration| match started_at.checked_add(duration) {
+            Some(deadline) => deadline,
+            // Runtime config rejects this range, but keep programmatic callers
+            // fail-closed instead of panicking or silently disabling the wall clock.
+            None => started_at,
+        });
 
-        if let Some(duration) = config.max_duration {
+        if let Some(deadline) = deadline {
             let parent = parent.clone();
             let token_wait = token.clone();
             let token_cancel = token.clone();
@@ -94,7 +115,7 @@ impl ScannerCycleBudget {
                 tokio::select! {
                     _ = parent.cancelled() => {}
                     _ = token_wait.cancelled() => {}
-                    _ = tokio::time::sleep(duration) => {
+                    _ = tokio::time::sleep_until(deadline) => {
                         Self::cancel_for_reason(&reason, &token_cancel, ScannerCycleBudgetReason::Runtime);
                     }
                 }
@@ -104,14 +125,18 @@ impl ScannerCycleBudget {
         Arc::new(Self {
             token,
             reason,
-            started_at: Instant::now(),
+            started_at,
+            deadline,
             max_duration: config.max_duration,
             max_objects: config.max_objects,
             max_directories: config.max_directories,
             track_progress,
+            track_unbounded_counts,
             objects_scanned: AtomicU64::new(0),
             directories_started: AtomicU64::new(0),
             entries_visited: AtomicU64::new(0),
+            last_progress_millis: AtomicU64::new(0),
+            cycle_state_persisted: AtomicBool::new(false),
         })
     }
 
@@ -131,6 +156,14 @@ impl ScannerCycleBudget {
         self.max_duration
     }
 
+    pub(crate) fn deadline(&self) -> Option<Instant> {
+        self.deadline
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn cancel_for_runtime(&self) {
+        self.cancel_for(ScannerCycleBudgetReason::Runtime);
+    }
+
     pub(crate) fn max_objects(&self) -> Option<u64> {
         self.max_objects
     }
@@ -173,15 +206,43 @@ impl ScannerCycleBudget {
         self.entries_visited.load(Ordering::Relaxed)
     }
 
+    pub(crate) fn mark_cycle_state_persisted(&self) {
+        self.cycle_state_persisted.store(true, Ordering::Release);
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn cycle_state_persisted(&self) -> bool {
+        self.cycle_state_persisted.load(Ordering::Acquire)
+    }
+
+    pub(crate) fn progress_age(&self) -> Duration {
+        let elapsed_millis = u64::try_from(self.started_at.elapsed().as_millis()).unwrap_or(u64::MAX);
+        let last_progress = self.last_progress_millis.load(Ordering::Relaxed);
+        Duration::from_millis(elapsed_millis.saturating_sub(last_progress))
+    }
+
+    fn record_progress_sample(&self, event: u64) {
+        // Clock reads are sampled at batch/count boundaries; the scanner's
+        // per-object path does not add a second progress atomic.
+        if event == 0 || (event != 1 && !event.is_multiple_of(PROGRESS_CLOCK_SAMPLE_INTERVAL)) {
+            return;
+        }
+        let elapsed_millis = u64::try_from(self.started_at.elapsed().as_millis()).unwrap_or(u64::MAX);
+        self.last_progress_millis.store(elapsed_millis, Ordering::Relaxed);
+    }
+
     pub(crate) fn record_entries_visited(&self, entries_visited: u64) {
         if self.track_progress {
-            saturating_fetch_add(&self.entries_visited, entries_visited);
+            let entries = saturating_fetch_add(&self.entries_visited, entries_visited);
+            self.record_progress_sample(entries);
         }
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn record_remote_progress(&self, objects_scanned: u64, directories_started: u64) {
         if self.track_progress || self.max_objects.is_some() {
             let objects = saturating_fetch_add(&self.objects_scanned, objects_scanned);
+            if self.track_progress {
+                self.record_progress_sample(objects);
+            }
             if self.max_objects.is_some_and(|max_objects| objects >= max_objects) {
                 self.cancel_for(ScannerCycleBudgetReason::Objects);
             }
@@ -189,9 +250,12 @@ impl ScannerCycleBudget {
 
         if self.track_progress || self.max_directories.is_some() {
             let directories = saturating_fetch_add(&self.directories_started, directories_started);
+            if self.track_progress {
+                self.record_progress_sample(directories);
+            }
             if self
                 .max_directories
-                .is_some_and(|max_directories| directories > max_directories)
+                .is_some_and(|max_directories| directory_budget_exhausted(directories, max_directories))
             {
                 self.cancel_for(ScannerCycleBudgetReason::Directories);
             }
@@ -207,14 +271,17 @@ impl ScannerCycleBudget {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn try_start_directory(&self) -> bool {
-        if !self.track_progress && self.max_directories.is_none() {
+        if self.max_directories.is_none() && !self.track_unbounded_counts {
             return true;
         }
 
         let directories = saturating_fetch_add(&self.directories_started, 1);
+        if self.track_progress {
+            self.record_progress_sample(directories);
+        }
         if self
             .max_directories
-            .is_some_and(|max_directories| directories > max_directories)
+            .is_some_and(|max_directories| directory_budget_exhausted(directories, max_directories))
         {
             self.cancel_for(ScannerCycleBudgetReason::Directories);
             return false;
@@ -224,11 +291,14 @@ impl ScannerCycleBudget {
     }
 
     pub(crate) fn record_object_scanned(&self) {
-        if !self.track_progress && self.max_objects.is_none() {
+        if self.max_objects.is_none() && !self.track_unbounded_counts {
             return;
         }
 
         let objects = saturating_fetch_add(&self.objects_scanned, 1);
+        if self.track_progress {
+            self.record_progress_sample(objects);
+        }
         if self.max_objects.is_some_and(|max_objects| objects >= max_objects) {
             self.cancel_for(ScannerCycleBudgetReason::Objects);
         }
@@ -259,6 +329,13 @@ fn saturating_fetch_add(value: &AtomicU64, delta: u64) -> u64 {
     }
 }
 
+fn directory_budget_exhausted(directories: u64, max_directories: u64) -> bool {
+    // Saturation hides a remote max+1 update when the configured limit is the
+    // largest representable counter. Treat that boundary as exhausted rather
+    // than allowing work to continue indefinitely.
+    directories > max_directories || (directories == u64::MAX && max_directories == u64::MAX)
+}
+
 impl Drop for ScannerCycleBudget {
     fn drop(&mut self) {
         self.token.cancel();
@@ -401,6 +478,35 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(directory_budget.reason(), Some(ScannerCycleBudgetReason::Directories));
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn directory_budget_fails_closed_when_progress_saturates() {
+        let parent = CancellationToken::new();
+        let budget = ScannerCycleBudget::new(
+            &parent,
+            ScannerCycleBudgetConfig {
+                max_directories: Some(u64::MAX),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+        );
+
+        budget.record_remote_progress(0, u64::MAX);
+
+        assert_eq!(budget.reason(), Some(ScannerCycleBudgetReason::Directories));
+        assert!(budget.token().is_cancelled());
+
+        let local_budget = ScannerCycleBudget::new(
+            &parent,
+            ScannerCycleBudgetConfig {
+                max_directories: Some(u64::MAX),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+        );
+        local_budget.record_remote_progress(0, u64::MAX - 1);
+        assert!(!local_budget.budget_elapsed());
+        assert!(!local_budget.try_start_directory());
+        assert_eq!(local_budget.reason(), Some(ScannerCycleBudgetReason::Directories));
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn explicit_progress_tracking_counts_unbounded_remote_work_without_cancelling() {
         let parent = CancellationToken::new();
@@ -461,4 +567,29 @@ mod tests {
         assert!(object_limited.requires_serial_progress_accounting());
         assert!(directory_limited.requires_serial_progress_accounting());
     }
+
+    #[tokio::test(start_paused = true)]
+    async fn progress_age_uses_virtual_time_and_sampled_progress() {
+        let parent = CancellationToken::new();
+        let budget = ScannerCycleBudget::new_with_runtime_progress_tracking(
+            &parent,
+            ScannerCycleBudgetConfig {
+                max_duration: Some(Duration::from_secs(60)),
+                ..Default::default()
+            },
+        );
+
+        tokio::time::advance(Duration::from_secs(5)).await;
+        assert_eq!(budget.progress_age(), Duration::from_secs(5));
+        budget.record_entries_visited(1);
+        assert_eq!(budget.progress_age(), Duration::ZERO);
+
+        tokio::time::advance(Duration::from_secs(2)).await;
+        for _ in 0..126 {
+            budget.record_entries_visited(1);
+        }
+        assert_eq!(budget.progress_age(), Duration::from_secs(2));
+        budget.record_entries_visited(1);
+        assert_eq!(budget.progress_age(), Duration::ZERO);
+    }
 }

crates/scanner/src/scanner_folder.rs

@@ -43,7 +43,7 @@ use rustfs_common::metrics::{
     UpdateCurrentPathFn, current_path_updater, global_metrics,
 };
 use rustfs_common::trace_bus::{TraceEvent, TraceFunc, TraceKind, trace_emit, trace_subscriber_count};
-use rustfs_filemeta::{MAX_META_CACHE_HEAL_CANDIDATES, MetaCacheEntries, MetaCacheEntry, MetaCacheHealCandidateKind};
+use rustfs_filemeta::{MetaCacheEntries, MetaCacheEntry, MetadataResolutionParams};
 use rustfs_utils::path::{SLASH_SEPARATOR, path_join_buf};
 use s3s::dto::{BucketLifecycleConfiguration, ObjectLockConfiguration, VersioningConfiguration};
 use time::OffsetDateTime;
@@ -96,10 +96,6 @@ const METRIC_SCANNER_EXCESS_OBJECT_VERSION_SIZE_TOTAL: &str = "rustfs_scanner_ex
 const METRIC_SCANNER_EXCESS_FOLDERS_TOTAL: &str = "rustfs_scanner_excess_folders_total";
 const METRIC_SCANNER_PENDING_HEAL_PRUNE_TOTAL: &str = "rustfs_scanner_pending_heal_prune_total";
 const METRIC_SCANNER_PENDING_HEAL_MALFORMED_TOTAL: &str = "rustfs_scanner_pending_heal_malformed_total";
-const METRIC_SCANNER_HEAL_DISCOVERY_CANDIDATES_TOTAL: &str = "rustfs_scanner_heal_discovery_candidates_total";
-const METRIC_SCANNER_HEAL_DISCOVERY_SUB_QUORUM_TOTAL: &str = "rustfs_scanner_heal_discovery_sub_quorum_total";
-const METRIC_SCANNER_HEAL_DISCOVERY_UNVERIFIED_TOTAL: &str = "rustfs_scanner_heal_discovery_unverified_total";
-const METRIC_SCANNER_HEAL_DISCOVERY_QUEUED_TOTAL: &str = "rustfs_scanner_heal_discovery_queued_total";
 const MAX_PENDING_SCANNER_HEAL_RETRIES_PER_BUCKET: usize = 128;
 
 // --- scanner excess alerts as S3 notification events (rustfs/backlog#1868) --
@@ -887,7 +883,7 @@ impl FolderScanner {
         object: Option<String>,
         version_id: Option<String>,
         request: HealChannelRequest,
-    ) -> Result<HealAdmissionResult, ScannerError> {
+    ) -> Result<(), ScannerError> {
         let candidate_type = pending_scanner_heal_candidate_type(kind);
         let priority = request.priority;
         let scan_mode = request.scan_mode.unwrap_or(self.scan_mode);
@@ -915,7 +911,7 @@ impl FolderScanner {
                     error = %err,
                     "Scanner deferred heal request after channel error"
                 );
-                return Ok(HealAdmissionResult::Full);
+                return Ok(());
             }
         };
         self.update_pending_scanner_heal_after_admission(
@@ -927,7 +923,7 @@ impl FolderScanner {
             result,
         );
         if result.is_admitted() {
-            return Ok(result);
+            return Ok(());
         }
 
         record_high_priority_heal_escalation(candidate_type, priority, result);
@@ -948,7 +944,7 @@ impl FolderScanner {
             state = "high_priority_not_admitted",
             "Scanner high-priority heal admission failed"
         );
-        Ok(result)
+        Ok(())
     }
 
     pub fn set_heal_object_select(&mut self, prob: u32) {
@@ -1740,7 +1736,14 @@ impl FolderScanner {
                 break;
             }
 
-            let mut previous_bucket = String::new();
+            let mut resolver = MetadataResolutionParams {
+                dir_quorum: self.disks_quorum,
+                obj_quorum: self.disks_quorum,
+                bucket: "".to_string(),
+                strict: false,
+                ..Default::default()
+            };
+
             for name in abandoned_children {
                 if !self.should_heal().await {
                     break;
@@ -1748,7 +1751,7 @@ impl FolderScanner {
 
                 let (bucket, prefix) = path2_bucket_object(name.as_str());
 
-                if bucket != previous_bucket {
+                if bucket != resolver.bucket {
                     self.send_required_scanner_heal_request(
                         PendingScannerHealKind::Bucket,
                         bucket.clone(),
@@ -1757,9 +1760,10 @@ impl FolderScanner {
                         build_bucket_heal_request(bucket.clone(), HealChannelPriority::High),
                     )
                     .await?;
-                    previous_bucket = bucket.clone();
                 }
 
+                resolver.bucket = bucket.clone();
+
                 let child_ctx = ctx.child_token();
 
                 let (agreed_tx, mut agreed_rx) = mpsc::channel::<String>(1);
@@ -1876,7 +1880,6 @@ impl FolderScanner {
                 let mut agreed_closed = false;
                 let mut partial_closed = false;
                 let mut finished_closed = false;
-                let mut seen_heal_candidates: HashSet<(String, Option<String>, MetaCacheHealCandidateKind)> = HashSet::new();
 
                 loop {
                     if agreed_closed && partial_closed && finished_closed {
@@ -1901,56 +1904,65 @@ impl FolderScanner {
                                 break;
                             }
 
-                            let discovery = entries.discover_heal_candidates(&bucket, MAX_META_CACHE_HEAL_CANDIDATES);
-                            counter!(METRIC_SCANNER_HEAL_DISCOVERY_CANDIDATES_TOTAL)
-                                .increment(u64::try_from(discovery.candidates.len()).unwrap_or(u64::MAX));
-                            counter!(METRIC_SCANNER_HEAL_DISCOVERY_SUB_QUORUM_TOTAL).increment(
-                                u64::try_from(
-                                    discovery
-                                        .candidates
-                                        .iter()
-                                        .filter(|candidate| candidate.replica_count < disks_quorum)
-                                        .count(),
-                                )
-                                .unwrap_or(u64::MAX),
-                            );
-                            counter!(METRIC_SCANNER_HEAL_DISCOVERY_UNVERIFIED_TOTAL).increment(
-                                u64::try_from(discovery.unverified_count).unwrap_or(u64::MAX),
-                            );
+                            let Some(entry) = resolve_object_heal_entry(&entries, resolver.clone()) else {
+                                continue;
+                            };
 
-                            for candidate in discovery.candidates {
-                                let version_id = candidate.validated_version().map(|id| id.to_string());
-                                let identity = (candidate.object.clone(), version_id.clone(), candidate.kind.clone());
-                                if seen_heal_candidates.len() >= MAX_META_CACHE_HEAL_CANDIDATES
-                                    && !seen_heal_candidates.contains(&identity)
-                                {
+                            (self.update_current_path)(&entry.name).await;
+
+                            if entry.is_dir() {
+                                continue;
+                            }
+
+                            let fivs = match entry.file_info_versions(&bucket) {
+                                Ok(fivs) => fivs,
+                                Err(e) => {
+                                    error!(
+                                        target: "rustfs::scanner::folder",
+                                        event = EVENT_SCANNER_FOLDER_STATE,
+                                        component = LOG_COMPONENT_SCANNER,
+                                        subsystem = LOG_SUBSYSTEM_FOLDER,
+                                        bucket = %bucket,
+                                        entry = %entry.name,
+                                        state = "file_info_versions_failed",
+                                        error = %e,
+                                        "Scanner list_path_raw failed to resolve file versions"
+                                    );
+                                    self.send_required_scanner_heal_request(
+                                        PendingScannerHealKind::Object,
+                                        bucket.clone(),
+                                        Some(entry.name.clone()),
+                                        None,
+                                        build_object_heal_request(
+                                            bucket.clone(),
+                                            entry.name.clone(),
+                                            None,
+                                            self.scan_mode,
+                                            HealChannelPriority::High,
+                                        ),
+                                    )
+                                    .await?;
+                                    found_objects = true;
                                     continue;
                                 }
-                                if !seen_heal_candidates.insert(identity) {
-                                    continue;
-                                }
-                                let mut request = build_object_heal_request(
-                                    bucket.clone(),
-                                    candidate.object.clone(),
-                                    version_id.clone(),
-                                    self.scan_mode,
-                                    HealChannelPriority::High,
-                                );
-                                if candidate.is_unversioned() {
-                                    request.remove_corrupted = Some(false);
-                                }
-                                (self.update_current_path)(&candidate.object).await;
-                                let admission = self.send_required_scanner_heal_request(
+                            };
+
+                            for fiv in fivs.versions {
+                                let version_id = fiv.version_id.and_then(|v| if v.is_nil() { None } else { Some(v.to_string()) });
+                                self.send_required_scanner_heal_request(
                                     PendingScannerHealKind::Object,
                                     bucket.clone(),
-                                    Some(candidate.object.clone()),
-                                    version_id,
-                                    request,
+                                    Some(entry.name.clone()),
+                                    version_id.clone(),
+                                    build_object_heal_request(
+                                        bucket.clone(),
+                                        entry.name.clone(),
+                                        version_id,
+                                        self.scan_mode,
+                                        HealChannelPriority::High,
+                                    ),
                                 )
                                 .await?;
-                                if admission.is_admitted() {
-                                    counter!(METRIC_SCANNER_HEAL_DISCOVERY_QUEUED_TOTAL).increment(1);
-                                }
                                 found_objects = true;
                             }
 

crates/scanner/src/scanner_folder/item_actions.rs

@@ -13,8 +13,6 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 /// Per-object scan actions: ScannerItem, the get-size failure policy, and the heal/ILM admission helpers.
 use super::*;
-#[cfg(test)]
-use rustfs_filemeta::MetadataResolutionParams;
 
 /// Cached folder information for scanning
 #[derive(Clone, Debug)]
@@ -90,7 +88,6 @@ pub(super) fn build_object_heal_request(
     }
 }
 
-#[cfg(test)]
 pub(super) fn resolve_object_heal_entry(
     entries: &MetaCacheEntries,
     resolver: MetadataResolutionParams,

crates/scanner/src/scanner_folder/ledger.rs

@@ -305,17 +305,13 @@ pub(super) fn build_pending_scanner_heal_request(entry: &PendingScannerHeal) ->
     match entry.kind {
         PendingScannerHealKind::Bucket => Some(build_bucket_heal_request(entry.bucket.clone(), HealChannelPriority::High)),
         PendingScannerHealKind::Object => entry.object.as_ref().map(|object| {
-            let mut request = build_object_heal_request(
+            build_object_heal_request(
                 entry.bucket.clone(),
                 object.clone(),
                 entry.version_id.clone(),
                 entry.scan_mode,
                 HealChannelPriority::High,
-            );
-            if entry.version_id.is_none() {
-                request.remove_corrupted = Some(false);
-            }
-            request
+            )
         }),
     }
 }

crates/scanner/src/scanner_folder/tests.rs

@@ -17,7 +17,7 @@ use crate::SCANNER_SLEEPER;
 use super::*;
 use crate::storage_api::VersionPurgeStatusType;
 use crate::{DiskOption, Endpoint, STORAGE_FORMAT_FILE, TierStats, new_disk, storageclass};
-use rustfs_filemeta::{FileInfo, FileMeta, MetadataResolutionParams};
+use rustfs_filemeta::{FileInfo, FileMeta};
 use std::io::Write;
 #[cfg(unix)]
 use std::os::unix::fs::{PermissionsExt, symlink};
@@ -1121,17 +1121,6 @@ fn test_pending_heal_reconstructs_object_request_with_version() {
     assert_eq!(request.source, HealRequestSource::Scanner);
 }
 
-#[test]
-fn test_pending_heal_reconstructs_unversioned_request_without_removal() {
-    let pending = pending_heal(PendingScannerHealKind::Object, "bucket", Some("object"), None, 1, 1);
-
-    let request = build_pending_scanner_heal_request(&pending).expect("unversioned object request should rebuild");
-
-    assert!(request.object_version_id.is_none());
-    assert_eq!(request.remove_corrupted, Some(false));
-    assert_eq!(request.recreate_missing, Some(false));
-}
-
 #[test]
 fn test_pending_heal_retry_candidates_respect_cap_and_order() {
     let pending: Vec<PendingScannerHeal> = (0..(MAX_PENDING_SCANNER_HEAL_RETRIES_PER_BUCKET + 2))
@@ -1334,20 +1323,6 @@ fn metadata_for_object(bucket: &str, object: &str) -> Vec<u8> {
     meta.marshal_msg().expect("test metadata should marshal")
 }
 
-fn metadata_for_object_version(bucket: &str, object: &str, version_id: Option<Uuid>) -> Vec<u8> {
-    let mut file_info = FileInfo::new(object, 4, 2);
-    file_info.volume = bucket.to_string();
-    file_info.name = object.to_string();
-    file_info.version_id = version_id;
-    file_info.versioned = version_id.is_some();
-    file_info.mod_time = Some(OffsetDateTime::now_utc());
-    file_info.size = 1;
-
-    let mut meta = FileMeta::new();
-    meta.add_version(file_info).expect("test metadata version should be accepted");
-    meta.marshal_msg().expect("test metadata should marshal")
-}
-
 async fn write_test_object_metadata(root: &std::path::Path, bucket: &str, object: &str) {
     write_test_object_metadata_bytes(root, bucket, object, &metadata_for_object(bucket, object)).await;
 }
@@ -1751,21 +1726,12 @@ async fn test_scan_folder_exits_when_abandoned_child_listing_finishes() {
     let _guard = TestGuard::new(60, 100, &mut scanner, temp_dir.clone());
     let heal_starts = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
     let heal_starts_clone = heal_starts.clone();
-    let healed_versions = Arc::new(Mutex::new(Vec::<Option<String>>::new()));
-    let healed_versions_clone = healed_versions.clone();
     let mut heal_rx =
         rustfs_common::heal_channel::init_heal_channel().expect("heal channel should initialize once for scanner tests");
     let _heal_responder = tokio::spawn(async move {
         while let Some(command) = heal_rx.recv().await {
-            if let rustfs_common::heal_channel::HealChannelCommand::Start {
-                request, response_tx, ..
-            } = command
-            {
+            if let rustfs_common::heal_channel::HealChannelCommand::Start { response_tx, .. } = command {
                 heal_starts_clone.fetch_add(1, Ordering::Relaxed);
-                healed_versions_clone
-                    .lock()
-                    .expect("heal version capture lock should not be poisoned")
-                    .push(request.object_version_id);
                 let _ = response_tx.send(Ok(HealAdmissionResult::Accepted));
             }
         }
@@ -1773,18 +1739,13 @@ async fn test_scan_folder_exits_when_abandoned_child_listing_finishes() {
 
     let bucket = "src-archive";
     let object = "snapshots/37b3f20d941e2f5e6d99114d9bb2f3e67a8a2e5c9c4c5a1b0d6e7f8091a2b3c4";
-    let orphan_version = Uuid::from_u128(0x1934);
-    let shared_version = Uuid::from_u128(0x1935);
-    let orphan_metadata = metadata_for_object_version(bucket, object, Some(orphan_version));
-    let shared_metadata = metadata_for_object_version(bucket, object, Some(shared_version));
-    write_test_object_metadata_bytes(&temp_dir, bucket, object, &orphan_metadata).await;
-    let mut expected_metadata = vec![(temp_dir.join(bucket).join(object).join("xl.meta"), orphan_metadata.clone())];
+    let metadata = metadata_for_object(bucket, object);
+    write_test_object_metadata_bytes(&temp_dir, bucket, object, &metadata).await;
 
     let mut disks = vec![scanner.local_disk.clone()];
     for disk_name in ["disk2", "disk3", "disk4"] {
         let disk_root = temp_dir.join(disk_name);
-        write_test_object_metadata_bytes(&disk_root, bucket, object, &shared_metadata).await;
-        expected_metadata.push((disk_root.join(bucket).join(object).join("xl.meta"), shared_metadata.clone()));
+        write_test_object_metadata_bytes(&disk_root, bucket, object, &metadata).await;
         let endpoint = Endpoint::try_from(disk_root.to_string_lossy().as_ref()).expect("failed to create extra disk endpoint");
         let disk = new_disk(
             &endpoint,
@@ -1833,29 +1794,8 @@ async fn test_scan_folder_exits_when_abandoned_child_listing_finishes() {
         .new_cache
         .checked_flatten(bucket)
         .expect("healed cache must contain canonical child links");
-    // The fixture intentionally exposes two divergent version histories, so
-    // the scanner keeps both logical versions visible while discovering heals.
-    assert_eq!(root.objects, 2);
+    assert_eq!(root.objects, 1);
     assert!(heal_starts.load(Ordering::Relaxed) > 0, "test must execute the heal child-link path");
-    let orphan_version_text = orphan_version.to_string();
-    assert!(
-        healed_versions
-            .lock()
-            .expect("heal version capture lock should not be poisoned")
-            .iter()
-            .any(|version| version.as_deref() == Some(orphan_version_text.as_str())),
-        "sub-quorum orphan version must be submitted as an exact heal candidate"
-    );
-    for (path, expected) in expected_metadata {
-        assert_eq!(
-            tokio::fs::read(&path)
-                .await
-                .expect("scanner discovery must not delete metadata"),
-            expected,
-            "scanner discovery must not modify candidate metadata: {}",
-            path.display()
-        );
-    }
 }
 
 #[tokio::test]

crates/scanner/src/scanner_io.rs

@@ -48,6 +48,7 @@ use time::OffsetDateTime;
 use tokio::sync::{Mutex, Notify, Semaphore, mpsc};
 use tokio::time::Duration;
 use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
+use tokio_util::task::AbortOnDropHandle;
 use tracing::{debug, error, warn};
 
 use crate::ScannerObjectInfo as ObjectInfo;

crates/scanner/src/scanner_io/io_cache.rs

@@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ impl ScannerIOCache for SetDisks {
         let ctx_clone = ctx.clone();
         let completed_bucket_count = Arc::new(AtomicUsize::new(0));
         let completed_bucket_count_clone = completed_bucket_count.clone();
-        let collect_bucket_results_fut = tokio::spawn(async move {
+        let collect_bucket_results_fut = AbortOnDropHandle::new(tokio::spawn(async move {
             let mut cancelled = false;
 
             loop {
@@ -333,7 +333,7 @@ impl ScannerIOCache for SetDisks {
                     }
                 }
             }
-        });
+        }));
 
         let mut futs = Vec::new();
 
@@ -365,7 +365,7 @@ impl ScannerIOCache for SetDisks {
                 NamespaceScannerWorkerMode::RemoteV4(server_epoch) => Some(server_epoch),
                 NamespaceScannerWorkerMode::Coordinator => None,
             };
-            futs.push(tokio::spawn(async move {
+            futs.push(AbortOnDropHandle::new(tokio::spawn(async move {
                 let remote_session_id = uuid::Uuid::new_v4();
                 let mut remote_session_sequence = 0_u64;
                 loop {
@@ -1038,7 +1038,7 @@ impl ScannerIOCache for SetDisks {
                         );
                     }
                 }
-            }));
+            })));
         }
         drop(bucket_tx);
         drop(bucket_result_tx);

crates/scanner/src/scanner_io/io_cycle.rs

@@ -242,7 +242,7 @@ impl ScannerIOCycle for ECStore {
                         results[results_index_clone] = result;
                     }
                 });
-                wait_futs.push(receiver_fut);
+                wait_futs.push(AbortOnDropHandle::new(receiver_fut));
 
                 let scan_plan = ScannerBucketScanPlan {
                     buckets: set_buckets,
@@ -318,7 +318,7 @@ impl ScannerIOCycle for ECStore {
                         record_set_scan_failure(&mut first_err, e);
                     }
                 });
-                wait_futs.push(scanner_fut);
+                wait_futs.push(AbortOnDropHandle::new(scanner_fut));
             }
         }
 

crates/utils/src/envs.rs

@@ -268,7 +268,7 @@ where
         .parse::<T>()
         .map_err(|_| {
             log_once(&format!("env_invalid_value:{used_key}"), || {
-                format!("Invalid {} value for {used_key}: {value}. Treating as unset.", type_name::<T>())
+                format!("Invalid {} value for {used_key}. Treating as unset.", type_name::<T>())
             });
         })
         .ok()
@@ -570,7 +570,7 @@ where
         Ok(parsed) => EnvParseOutcome::Parsed(parsed),
         Err(_) => {
             log_once(&format!("env_invalid_value:{used_key}"), || {
-                format!("Invalid {} value for {used_key}: {value}. Treating as unset.", type_name::<T>())
+                format!("Invalid {} value for {used_key}. Treating as unset.", type_name::<T>())
             });
             EnvParseOutcome::Invalid
         }

docs/operations/scanner-runtime-controls.md

@@ -52,7 +52,7 @@ The `/v3/scanner/status` response reports each effective runtime value with a
 | `scanner.max_wait` | `RUSTFS_SCANNER_MAX_WAIT_SECS` | seconds | preset-derived | Caps one scanner sleep. |
 | `scanner.cycle` | `RUSTFS_SCANNER_CYCLE` | seconds | preset-derived | Sets the interval between scanner cycles. |
 | `scanner.start_delay` | `RUSTFS_SCANNER_START_DELAY_SECS` | seconds | unset | Sets startup delay and, for compatibility, the cycle interval when `scanner.cycle` is unset. |
-| `scanner.cycle_max_duration` | `RUSTFS_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS` | seconds | `0` | Caps one cycle's runtime. `0` disables this budget. |
+| `scanner.cycle_max_duration` | `RUSTFS_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DURATION_SECS` | seconds | `1800` | Caps one cycle's runtime. An explicit `0` disables this budget. |
 | `scanner.cycle_max_objects` | `RUSTFS_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_OBJECTS` | objects | `0` | Caps objects processed by one cycle. `0` disables this budget. |
 | `scanner.cycle_max_directories` | `RUSTFS_SCANNER_CYCLE_MAX_DIRECTORIES` | directories | `0` | Caps directories entered by one cycle. `0` disables this budget. |
 | `heal.bitrot_cycle` | `RUSTFS_SCANNER_BITROT_CYCLE_SECS` | seconds | `2592000` | Controls periodic deep bitrot scans. `false`, `off`, `no`, or `disabled` disables periodic deep scans; `0`, `true`, `on`, or `yes` runs deep mode every scanner cycle. |
@@ -70,6 +70,21 @@ sleep multiplier, maximum wait, and cycle interval. Use `scanner.delay`,
 `scanner.max_wait`, and `scanner.cycle` when the preset is close but one axis
 needs a precise override.
 
+When the cycle duration control is unset, RustFS uses a finite 1800-second
+(30-minute) default, matching the scanner benchmark guidance. An explicit `0`
+preserves the compatibility behavior of an unbounded cycle; object and
+directory budgets likewise remain unbounded when explicitly set to `0`. Invalid
+or overflowing duration environment values are configuration errors rather than
+silent fallback values.
+
+When a finite deadline expires, RustFS cancels cooperative scanner work and
+waits only for the existing bounded shutdown window. A non-yielding I/O future
+is dropped after that window. RustFS then attempts a higher leadership epoch so
+late cycle, usage, cache, and remote writes from the old generation fail closed.
+If the worker cannot stop cooperatively, the cycle state was not confirmed
+durable, or that epoch fence cannot be durably persisted, the scanner reports
+`recovery-required`; it does not claim an uncooperative cursor was saved.
+
 An explicit `scanner.cycle` or `RUSTFS_SCANNER_CYCLE` is a minimum inter-cycle
 cadence: dirty-usage notifications do not bypass that configured interval.
 The default adaptive policy continues to use dirty-usage notifications to wake
@@ -144,6 +159,10 @@ metrics.maintenance_control.primary_control
 metrics.source_work
 metrics.replication_repair
 metrics.scan_checkpoint
+metrics.cycle_timeout_total
+metrics.cycle_last_progress_age
+metrics.leader_lease_without_progress
+metrics.cycle_recovery_required_total
 ```
 
 ## Reading Pacing Pressure

rustfs/src/admin/handlers/mod.rs

@@ -126,6 +126,7 @@ mod tests {
         let _list_remote_target_handler = replication::ListRemoteTargetHandler {};
         let _remove_remote_target_handler = replication::RemoveRemoteTargetHandler {};
         let _scanner_status_handler = scanner::ScannerStatusHandler {};
+        let _scanner_cycle_state_reset_handler = scanner::ScannerCycleStateResetHandler {};
         let _ilm_expiry_status_handler = scanner::IlmExpiryStatusHandler {};
         let _manual_transition_handler = ilm_transition::ManualTransitionRunHandler {};
         let _manual_transition_status_handler = ilm_transition::ManualTransitionJobStatusHandler {};

rustfs/src/admin/handlers/scanner.rs

@@ -13,8 +13,11 @@
 // limitations under the License.
 
 use crate::admin::auth::authorize_admin_request;
+use crate::admin::handlers::supervise_admin_mutation;
 use crate::admin::router::{AdminOperation, Operation, S3Router};
-use crate::admin::runtime_sources::current_scanner_metrics_report;
+use crate::admin::runtime_sources::{
+    app_context_from_req, current_object_store_handle_for_context, current_scanner_metrics_report,
+};
 use crate::module_switches::{ENV_SCANNER_ENABLED, scanner_enabled_from_env};
 use crate::server::ADMIN_PREFIX;
 use chrono::Utc;
@@ -22,11 +25,13 @@ use http::{HeaderMap, HeaderValue};
 use hyper::{Method, StatusCode};
 use matchit::Params;
 use rustfs_common::metrics::{ScannerLifecycleExpirySnapshot, ScannerMaintenanceControlSnapshot, ScannerMetricsReport};
+use rustfs_config::MAX_ADMIN_REQUEST_BODY_SIZE;
 use rustfs_credentials::Credentials;
 use rustfs_policy::policy::action::{Action, AdminAction};
 use s3s::header::CONTENT_TYPE;
 use s3s::{Body, S3Error, S3ErrorCode, S3Request, S3Response, S3Result, s3_error};
-use serde::Serialize;
+use serde::{Deserialize, Serialize};
+use tokio_util::sync::CancellationToken;
 
 const JSON_CONTENT_TYPE: &str = "application/json";
 
@@ -38,6 +43,13 @@ struct ScannerStatusResponse {
     metrics: ScannerMetricsReport,
     cycle_schedule: rustfs_scanner::ScannerCycleScheduleStatus,
     runtime_config: rustfs_scanner::runtime_config::ScannerRuntimeConfigStatus,
+    cycle_recovery: rustfs_scanner::ScannerCycleRecoveryStatus,
+}
+
+#[derive(Debug, Deserialize)]
+#[serde(deny_unknown_fields)]
+struct ScannerCycleResetRequest {
+    mode: String,
 }
 
 #[derive(Debug, Serialize)]
@@ -117,6 +129,7 @@ fn scanner_status_response(
         metrics,
         cycle_schedule,
         runtime_config,
+        cycle_recovery: rustfs_scanner::scanner::scanner_cycle_recovery_status(),
     }
 }
 
@@ -144,6 +157,11 @@ pub fn register_scanner_route(r: &mut S3Router<AdminOperation>) -> std::io::Resu
         format!("{ADMIN_PREFIX}/v3/scanner/status").as_str(),
         AdminOperation(&ScannerStatusHandler {}),
     )?;
+    r.insert(
+        Method::POST,
+        format!("{ADMIN_PREFIX}/v3/scanner/cycle-state/reset").as_str(),
+        AdminOperation(&ScannerCycleStateResetHandler {}),
+    )?;
     r.insert(
         Method::GET,
         format!("{ADMIN_PREFIX}/v3/ilm/expiry/status").as_str(),
@@ -163,6 +181,13 @@ async fn validate_scanner_status_request(req: &S3Request<Body>) -> S3Result<Cred
     authorize_admin_request(req, vec![Action::AdminAction(AdminAction::ServerInfoAdminAction)]).await
 }
 
+async fn validate_scanner_reset_request(req: &S3Request<Body>) -> S3Result<Credentials> {
+    if req.credentials.is_none() {
+        return Err(s3_error!(InvalidRequest, "missing credentials"));
+    }
+    authorize_admin_request(req, vec![Action::AdminAction(AdminAction::ConfigUpdateAdminAction)]).await
+}
+
 fn json_response(body: Vec<u8>) -> S3Result<S3Response<(StatusCode, Body)>> {
     let mut headers = HeaderMap::new();
     let content_type = HeaderValue::from_str(JSON_CONTENT_TYPE)
@@ -192,6 +217,37 @@ impl Operation for ScannerStatusHandler {
 
 pub struct IlmExpiryStatusHandler {}
 
+pub struct ScannerCycleStateResetHandler {}
+
+#[async_trait::async_trait]
+impl Operation for ScannerCycleStateResetHandler {
+    async fn call(&self, mut req: S3Request<Body>, _params: Params<'_, '_>) -> S3Result<S3Response<(StatusCode, Body)>> {
+        let _cred = validate_scanner_reset_request(&req).await?;
+        let body = req
+            .input
+            .store_all_limited(MAX_ADMIN_REQUEST_BODY_SIZE)
+            .await
+            .map_err(|err| S3Error::with_message(S3ErrorCode::InvalidRequest, format!("invalid reset request body: {err}")))?;
+        let reset = serde_json::from_slice::<ScannerCycleResetRequest>(&body)
+            .map_err(|err| S3Error::with_message(S3ErrorCode::InvalidRequest, format!("invalid reset request body: {err}")))?;
+        if reset.mode != "full-rescan" {
+            return Err(S3Error::with_message(S3ErrorCode::InvalidRequest, "reset mode must be full-rescan"));
+        }
+        let context = app_context_from_req(&req)
+            .ok_or_else(|| S3Error::with_message(S3ErrorCode::InternalError, "storage layer not initialized"))?;
+        let store = current_object_store_handle_for_context(Some(context.as_ref()))
+            .ok_or_else(|| S3Error::with_message(S3ErrorCode::InternalError, "storage layer not initialized"))?;
+        supervise_admin_mutation("scanner cycle state reset", async move {
+            rustfs_scanner::scanner::reset_scanner_cycle_recovery(CancellationToken::new(), store)
+                .await
+                .map_err(|err| S3Error::with_message(S3ErrorCode::InternalError, err.to_string()))?;
+            Ok::<_, S3Error>(())
+        })
+        .await?;
+        json_response(br#"{"status":"reset","mode":"full-rescan"}"#.to_vec())
+    }
+}
+
 #[async_trait::async_trait]
 impl Operation for IlmExpiryStatusHandler {
     async fn call(&self, req: S3Request<Body>, _params: Params<'_, '_>) -> S3Result<S3Response<(StatusCode, Body)>> {
@@ -237,6 +293,38 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(err.message(), Some("missing credentials"));
     }
 
+    #[tokio::test]
+    async fn scanner_reset_gate_rejects_missing_credentials() {
+        let req = S3Request {
+            input: Body::from(String::new()),
+            method: Method::POST,
+            uri: http::Uri::from_static("/rustfs/admin/v3/scanner/cycle-state/reset"),
+            headers: HeaderMap::new(),
+            extensions: http::Extensions::new(),
+            credentials: None,
+            region: None,
+            service: None,
+            trailing_headers: None,
+        };
+
+        let err = validate_scanner_reset_request(&req)
+            .await
+            .expect_err("a reset request without credentials must be rejected");
+        assert_eq!(err.code(), &S3ErrorCode::InvalidRequest);
+        assert_eq!(err.message(), Some("missing credentials"));
+    }
+
+    #[test]
+    fn admin_reset_requires_full_rescan_or_verified_cursor() {
+        let full_rescan: ScannerCycleResetRequest =
+            serde_json::from_str(r#"{"mode":"full-rescan"}"#).expect("full rescan must be accepted");
+        assert_eq!(full_rescan.mode, "full-rescan");
+        let cursor: ScannerCycleResetRequest =
+            serde_json::from_str(r#"{"mode":"cursor"}"#).expect("mode validation belongs to the handler");
+        assert_ne!(cursor.mode, "full-rescan");
+        assert!(serde_json::from_str::<ScannerCycleResetRequest>(r#"{"mode":"full-rescan","cursor":"untrusted"}"#).is_err());
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn scanner_disabled_reason_reports_startup_env_key() {
         assert_eq!(scanner_disabled_reason(true), None);
@@ -304,6 +392,11 @@ mod tests {
         assert_eq!(encoded["cycle_schedule"]["effective_interval_seconds"], 0);
         assert_eq!(encoded["cycle_schedule"]["clean_idle_backoff_enabled"], false);
         assert_eq!(encoded["cycle_schedule"]["clean_idle_backoff_multiplier"], 1);
+        assert_eq!(encoded["cycle_recovery"]["state"], "healthy");
+        assert_eq!(
+            encoded["cycle_recovery"]["quarantine_path"],
+            rustfs_scanner::DATA_USAGE_BLOOM_RECOVERY_PATH.as_str()
+        );
     }
 
     #[test]

rustfs/src/admin/route_policy.rs

@@ -428,6 +428,12 @@ pub const ADMIN_ROUTE_POLICY_SPECS: &[AdminRouteSpec] = &[
     admin(HttpMethod::Get, "/rustfs/admin/v3/config", CONFIG_UPDATE, RouteRiskLevel::High),
     admin(HttpMethod::Put, "/rustfs/admin/v3/config", CONFIG_UPDATE, RouteRiskLevel::High),
     admin(HttpMethod::Get, "/rustfs/admin/v3/scanner/status", SERVER_INFO, RouteRiskLevel::Sensitive),
+    admin(
+        HttpMethod::Post,
+        "/rustfs/admin/v3/scanner/cycle-state/reset",
+        CONFIG_UPDATE,
+        RouteRiskLevel::High,
+    ),
     admin(
         HttpMethod::Get,
         "/rustfs/admin/v3/ilm/expiry/status",
@@ -2020,6 +2026,12 @@ mod tests {
         assert_not_action(HttpMethod::Get, "/rustfs/admin/v3/ilm/expiry/status", SET_TIER);
     }
 
+    #[test]
+    fn route_policy_requires_config_update_for_scanner_cycle_reset() {
+        assert_action(HttpMethod::Post, "/rustfs/admin/v3/scanner/cycle-state/reset", CONFIG_UPDATE);
+        assert_not_action(HttpMethod::Post, "/rustfs/admin/v3/scanner/cycle-state/reset", SERVER_INFO);
+    }
+
     #[test]
     fn route_policy_uses_tier_actions_for_transition_routes() {
         assert_action(HttpMethod::Post, "/rustfs/admin/v3/ilm/transition/run", SET_TIER);

rustfs/src/admin/route_registration_test.rs

@@ -243,6 +243,7 @@ fn expected_admin_route_matrix() -> Vec<RouteMatrixEntry> {
         admin_route(Method::GET, "/v3/config"),
         admin_route(Method::PUT, "/v3/config"),
         admin_route(Method::GET, "/v3/scanner/status"),
+        admin_route(Method::POST, "/v3/scanner/cycle-state/reset"),
         admin_route(Method::GET, "/v3/audit/target/list"),
         admin_route_sample(
             Method::PUT,
@@ -879,6 +880,7 @@ fn test_register_routes_cover_representative_admin_paths() {
     assert_route(&router, Method::GET, &admin_path("/v3/config"));
     assert_route(&router, Method::PUT, &admin_path("/v3/config"));
     assert_route(&router, Method::GET, &admin_path("/v3/scanner/status"));
+    assert_route(&router, Method::POST, &admin_path("/v3/scanner/cycle-state/reset"));
     assert_route(&router, Method::GET, &admin_path("/v3/ilm/expiry/status"));
     assert_route(&router, Method::POST, &admin_path("/v3/ilm/transition/run"));
     assert_route(
@@ -1367,6 +1369,7 @@ fn test_admin_alias_paths_match_existing_admin_routes() {
         (Method::GET, compat_admin_alias_path("/v3/config")),
         (Method::PUT, compat_admin_alias_path("/v3/config")),
         (Method::GET, compat_admin_alias_path("/v3/scanner/status")),
+        (Method::POST, compat_admin_alias_path("/v3/scanner/cycle-state/reset")),
         (Method::GET, compat_admin_alias_path("/v3/ilm/expiry/status")),
     ] {
         assert!(