Jamie Tanna 629740f827 fix(versioning/apk): correctly implement APK's version constraint operators (#45692)
As part of future changes, we're introducing a means to parse
Dockerfiles for any `apk add` commands, so we can propose updates to any
packages using the APK datasource.

Before we do this, we need to correct a couple of bugs in our
implementation of the APK versioning scheme, so we can handle i.e.

    apk add curl=~8.12.1

When the `apk` CLI builds a version constraint, it `OR`s one flag per
operator character[0].

For instance, `~` sets both "fuzzy" and "equal".

These operator characters may be in any order and may repeat, so `~`,
`=~` and `~=` are all the same operator, and `>>` and `>` are the same.

To correct our parsing, we should take this into account, rather than
using known patterns.

When we perform a fuzzy match, this is performed over version _tokens_
not the version itself, which means that:

- `~1.6` matches `1.6`, `1.6.0_pre1`, `1.6.0`, `1.6.5` and `1.6.9_p1`
- `~1.6` does not match `1.60`
- `~8.12.1` matches every `8.12.1-rN` i.e. `8.12.1-r1` and `8.12.1-r100`

While doing this, we also fix related issues:

- `~` previously treated this as an npm-style tilde ("same major and
  minor, and greater than or equal"),
  - admitted fuzzy versions that `apk` rejects - `~2.39.0-r0` should not have
    matched `2.39.1-r0`
  - rejected fuzzy versions that `apk` accepts - `~2.39.0` should have
    matched `2.39.0-r1`
- `=~` and `~=` were not allowed
- `isSingleVersion('=~1.2.3')` was true, so a range looked like a pin
- `isLessThanRange` compared against the raw range, so `_parse` failed on
  the operator and it always returned false
- `minSatisfyingVersion` was inherited, so it only ever found an exact
  match
- `getNewValue` dropped the operator entirely, rewriting `~8.12.1` to a
  bare version

We also set `supportsRanges`, which we'd forgotten to set despite `~`
and `>=` being ranges, and note that we support `pin`, `replace` and
`bump` strategies.

When using `getNewValue`, we now keep the precision the constraint was
written with, as otherwise we'd quietly narrow what the user asked for:

- `~8.12.1` becomes `~8.13.0` (previously `~8.13.0-r0`)
- `~8.12` becomes `~8.13`
- `~8.12.1-r0` becomes `~8.13.0-r2` (with a new revision number)

For `bump`, we raise a lower bound which includes its boundary, as with
`npm` and `pep440`, so:

- `>=8.12.1` becomes `>=8.13.0`
- `>~8.12` becomes `>~8.13`

Otherwise we return `null`, logging which constraint we couldn't handle
in the `bump` case, as `npm` does:

- `>` on its own can't be bumped, as `>8.13.0` would exclude the version
  we bump to
- `<` and `<=` are upper bounds, so there's no lower bound to raise
- for `replace`, there's no single obvious new bound for `<`, `<=`, `>`,
  `>=`, `>~` or `<~`, and a bound which already admits the new version
  doesn't need one
- a prefix constraint whose version doesn't parse, i.e. `~foo`, which
  would otherwise throw

`><` constrains a package to an identity hash rather than to a version,
so it's rejected outright.

Additionally, `isLessThanRange` and `matches` weren't agreeing on how to
resolve a fuzzy constraint.

For instance, `_compare` ranks `2.39.0_git20240101` below `2.39.0`, but
`~2.39.0` matches it, this would lead to a rollback of sorts.

Instead, we can ignore the `_git` and `_p` suffixes, which are common in
Alpine and Wolfi packages.

[0]: https://gitlab.alpinelinux.org/alpine/apk-tools/-/blob/44dcdfc255c26a4e19a4a27f66a54169cce5ca72/src/version.c

Co-authored-by: Claude Opus 5 <jamie.tanna+claude-code@mend.io>
2026-09-08 17:54:56 +00:00
2022-02-04 20:29:47 +01:00
2024-03-14 13:48:17 +00:00
2026-05-09 07:13:04 +00:00

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