PSProxmoxVE

A production-grade C# binary PowerShell module for managing Proxmox VE environments.

Supported Proxmox VE Versions

PVE Version	Status
9.x (current, 9.1.6+)	Primary target — fully supported
8.x	Supported
7.x (7.0+)	Best-effort — core cmdlets work, newer features emit clear version errors
6.x and older	Not supported — hard blocked by version checks

Version Gating Policy

The module uses a two-tier version check for cmdlets that require newer PVE APIs:

• Hard block (introduced version): The API endpoint doesn't exist — the cmdlet emits a terminating error with a clear message like "This operation requires Proxmox VE 8.1 or later."
• Warning (default version): The feature exists but may not be enabled by default — a warning is emitted but the command proceeds, allowing users who manually enabled the feature to succeed.

Most cmdlets target endpoints available since PVE 4.2 and require no version check. Cmdlets that need newer APIs include SDN (introduced 6.2, default 8.0+), cloud-init management (7.2+), container interfaces (8.1+), VM disk import (8.1+), and pool management (8.1+ for update/delete).

Prerequisites

• PowerShell 5.1 (Windows PowerShell) or 7.2+
• OS: Windows, Linux, macOS
• Network: HTTPS access to Proxmox VE API (default port 8006)

.NET Compatibility

The module ships as a single netstandard2.0 assembly, which runs on both .NET Framework and .NET Core/.NET:

PowerShell Version	Runtime	Status
5.1 (Windows PowerShell)	.NET Framework 4.8	Fully supported
7.2, 7.4, 7.5	.NET 8.0 / 10.0	Fully supported

Installation

# Install from the PowerShell Gallery
Install-Module -Name PSProxmoxVE -Scope CurrentUser

# Or install a prerelease version
Install-Module -Name PSProxmoxVE -Scope CurrentUser -AllowPrerelease

# Verify installation
Get-Module -ListAvailable PSProxmoxVE
Import-Module PSProxmoxVE

Quick Start

Connect to a Proxmox VE Server

# Using username/password (ticket-based authentication)
$cred = Get-Credential -UserName 'root@pam'
Connect-PveServer -Server 'pve.example.com' -Credential $cred -SkipCertificateCheck

# Using API token
Connect-PveServer -Server 'pve.example.com' -ApiToken 'root@pam!mytoken=xxxxxxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxx-xxxxxxxxxxxx'

# Verify connection
Test-PveConnection -Detailed

List and Manage VMs

# List all VMs
Get-PveVm

# List VMs on a specific node
Get-PveVm -Node 'pve1'

# Filter by status
Get-PveVm -Status 'running'

# Start/stop VMs
Get-PveVm -Name 'my-vm' | Start-PveVm -Wait
Get-PveVm -Name 'my-vm' | Stop-PveVm -Wait

# Clone a VM
Get-PveVm -VmId 100 | Copy-PveVm -NewVmId 200 -NewName 'my-clone' -Full -Wait

# Get VM configuration
Get-PveVm -VmId 100 | Get-PveVmConfig

Upload Files

# Upload a local ISO file to Proxmox storage
Send-PveFile -Node 'pve1' -Storage 'local' -Path './ubuntu-24.04-live-server-amd64.iso' -Wait

# Upload a disk image for VM import
Send-PveFile -Node 'pve1' -Storage 'local' -Path './disk.qcow2' -ContentType 'import' -Wait

Note: Send-PveFile implements a workaround for a long-standing Proxmox API multipart parsing bug (bugzilla 7389). Standard multipart HTTP libraries (including .NET's MultipartFormDataContent) add sub-headers that Proxmox's pveproxy mishandles, resulting in corrupt uploads. This cmdlet constructs the multipart body manually to ensure correct uploads where other tools may produce corrupt files.

Work with Snapshots

# List snapshots
Get-PveVm -VmId 100 | Get-PveSnapshot

# Create a snapshot
Get-PveVm -VmId 100 | New-PveSnapshot -Name 'before-upgrade' -Description 'Snapshot before OS upgrade' -Wait

# Rollback
Get-PveVm -VmId 100 | Get-PveSnapshot | Where-Object Name -eq 'before-upgrade' | Restore-PveSnapshot -Wait

Cloud-Init Configuration

# Get current cloud-init config
Get-PveVm -VmId 100 | Get-PveCloudInitConfig

# Set cloud-init config
Get-PveVm -VmId 100 | Set-PveCloudInitConfig -Hostname 'web01' -User 'admin' -SshKeys @('ssh-ed25519 AAAA...') -IpConfig 'ip=dhcp' -Wait

# Regenerate cloud-init image after changes
Get-PveVm -VmId 100 | Invoke-PveCloudInitRegenerate -Wait

Authentication Guide

Username/Password (Ticket-Based)

Ticket authentication uses Proxmox's built-in session system. The module POSTs to /api2/json/access/ticket and stores the returned ticket cookie and CSRF token.

• Format: user@realm (e.g., root@pam, admin@pve, user@mydomain)
• Expiry: Tickets expire after 2 hours. The module detects expiry and prompts you to reconnect.
• Realms: Supports all Proxmox realms — pam, pve, custom LDAP/AD realms.
• When to use: Interactive sessions, ad-hoc management tasks.

$cred = Get-Credential -UserName 'admin@pve'
Connect-PveServer -Server 'pve.example.com' -Credential $cred

API Token

API tokens provide persistent, non-expiring authentication. They are the recommended approach for automation.

• Format: USER@REALM!TOKENID=UUID (e.g., root@pam!automation=12345678-abcd-efgh-ijkl-123456789012)
• No expiry: Tokens remain valid until explicitly revoked.
• When to use: Automation, scripts, CI/CD pipelines.

Creating an API token in the PVE UI:

1. Navigate to Datacenter → Permissions → API Tokens
2. Click Add
3. Select the user, enter a token ID, optionally uncheck "Privilege Separation"
4. Copy the token value — it is shown only once

Connect-PveServer -Server 'pve.example.com' -ApiToken 'root@pam!automation=12345678-abcd-efgh-ijkl-123456789012'

Multi-Cluster Usage

Every cmdlet accepts an optional -Session parameter. This enables managing multiple Proxmox VE clusters simultaneously:

# Connect to two clusters
$prod = Connect-PveServer -Server 'pve-prod.example.com' -ApiToken $prodToken -PassThru
$dev = Connect-PveServer -Server 'pve-dev.example.com' -ApiToken $devToken -PassThru

# Query each cluster explicitly
$prodVms = Get-PveVm -Session $prod
$devVms = Get-PveVm -Session $dev

# The last Connect-PveServer call sets the default session
# So Get-PveVm without -Session uses $dev
Get-PveVm  # Uses $dev session

SDN Management

Software-Defined Networking (SDN) features require Proxmox VE 8.0 or later.

# List SDN zones and VNets
Get-PveSdnZone
Get-PveSdnVnet

# Create a new zone
New-PveSdnZone -Zone 'myzone' -Type 'simple'

# Create a VNet
New-PveSdnVnet -Vnet 'myvnet' -Zone 'myzone' -Tag 100

If connected to a PVE server below version 8.0, SDN cmdlets will throw a clear error:

SDN management requires Proxmox VE 8.0 or later. Connected server is version 7.4.

Cmdlet Reference

Connection

Cmdlet	Description
Connect-PveServer	Establish a session to a Proxmox VE server
Disconnect-PveServer	Close the active session
Test-PveConnection	Test if the current session is valid

Nodes

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveNode	List cluster nodes
Get-PveNodeStatus	Get detailed node status

Virtual Machines

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveVm	List VMs with optional filters
New-PveVm	Create a new VM
Remove-PveVm	Delete a VM
Start-PveVm	Start a VM
Stop-PveVm	Stop a VM (hard)
Restart-PveVm	Graceful restart (shutdown + start)
Suspend-PveVm	Suspend a VM
Resume-PveVm	Resume a suspended VM
Reset-PveVm	Hard reset a VM
Copy-PveVm	Clone a VM (full or linked)
Move-PveVm	Migrate a VM to another node
Get-PveVmConfig	Get VM configuration
Set-PveVmConfig	Modify VM configuration
Resize-PveVmDisk	Resize a VM disk
Import-PveVmDisk	Import a disk image (qcow2, raw, vmdk, OVA) into a VM
Import-PveOva	Import an OVA appliance as a new VM (parses OVF, uploads, creates VM, imports disks)

Containers

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveContainer	List LXC containers
New-PveContainer	Create a new container
Remove-PveContainer	Delete a container
Start-PveContainer	Start a container
Stop-PveContainer	Stop a container
Restart-PveContainer	Restart a container
Copy-PveContainer	Clone a container
Move-PveContainer	Migrate a container to another node
Get-PveContainerConfig	Get container configuration
Set-PveContainerConfig	Modify container configuration
Get-PveContainerSnapshot	List container snapshots
New-PveContainerSnapshot	Create a container snapshot
Remove-PveContainerSnapshot	Delete a container snapshot
Restore-PveContainerSnapshot	Rollback to a container snapshot

Storage

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveStorage	List storage pools
Get-PveStorageContent	List storage content (ISOs, images, etc.)
Send-PveFile	Upload a file (ISO, disk image, template) to storage
Invoke-PveStorageDownload	Download a URL to storage (server-side)
New-PveStorage	Create a storage pool
Remove-PveStorage	Remove a storage pool

Snapshots

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveSnapshot	List VM snapshots
New-PveSnapshot	Create a snapshot
Remove-PveSnapshot	Delete a snapshot
Restore-PveSnapshot	Rollback to a snapshot

Network

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveNetwork	List network interfaces
New-PveNetwork	Create a network interface
Set-PveNetwork	Modify a network interface
Remove-PveNetwork	Delete a network interface
Invoke-PveNetworkApply	Apply pending network changes

SDN (PVE 8.0+)

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveSdnZone	List SDN zones
New-PveSdnZone	Create an SDN zone
Remove-PveSdnZone	Delete an SDN zone
Get-PveSdnVnet	List SDN VNets
New-PveSdnVnet	Create an SDN VNet
Remove-PveSdnVnet	Delete an SDN VNet
Get-PveSdnSubnet	List SDN subnets for a VNet
New-PveSdnSubnet	Create an SDN subnet
Remove-PveSdnSubnet	Delete an SDN subnet

Users & Permissions

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveUser	List users
New-PveUser	Create a user
Remove-PveUser	Delete a user
Set-PveUser	Modify a user
Get-PveRole	List roles
New-PveRole	Create a role
Remove-PveRole	Delete a role
Get-PvePermission	List permissions
Set-PvePermission	Set a permission
Get-PveApiToken	List API tokens for a user
New-PveApiToken	Create an API token
Remove-PveApiToken	Delete an API token

Templates

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveTemplate	List VM templates
New-PveTemplate	Convert a VM to a template
Remove-PveTemplate	Delete a template
New-PveVmFromTemplate	Create a VM from a template

Cloud-Init

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveCloudInitConfig	Get cloud-init configuration
Set-PveCloudInitConfig	Set cloud-init configuration
Invoke-PveCloudInitRegenerate	Regenerate cloud-init image

Tasks

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveTask	Get task status
Get-PveTaskList	List tasks on a node with optional filters
Stop-PveTask	Cancel a running task
Wait-PveTask	Wait for a task to complete

Firewall

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveFirewallRule	List firewall rules (cluster/node/VM/container)
New-PveFirewallRule	Create a firewall rule
Set-PveFirewallRule	Update a firewall rule
Remove-PveFirewallRule	Delete a firewall rule
Get-PveFirewallGroup	List security groups or group rules
New-PveFirewallGroup	Create a security group
Remove-PveFirewallGroup	Delete a security group
Get-PveFirewallAlias	List firewall IP aliases
New-PveFirewallAlias	Create a firewall IP alias
Set-PveFirewallAlias	Update a firewall IP alias
Remove-PveFirewallAlias	Delete a firewall IP alias
Get-PveFirewallIpSet	List firewall IP sets
New-PveFirewallIpSet	Create a firewall IP set
Remove-PveFirewallIpSet	Delete a firewall IP set
Get-PveFirewallIpSetEntry	List entries in an IP set
New-PveFirewallIpSetEntry	Add an entry to an IP set
Set-PveFirewallIpSetEntry	Update an IP set entry
Remove-PveFirewallIpSetEntry	Remove an entry from an IP set
Get-PveFirewallOptions	Get firewall options
Set-PveFirewallOptions	Set firewall options
Get-PveFirewallRef	List firewall references (aliases, IP sets)

Backup

Cmdlet	Description
New-PveBackup	Create an ad-hoc backup (vzdump)
Get-PveBackupJob	List scheduled backup jobs
New-PveBackupJob	Create a scheduled backup job
Set-PveBackupJob	Update a scheduled backup job
Remove-PveBackupJob	Delete a scheduled backup job
Get-PveBackupInfo	Find VMs/containers not covered by backup jobs

SDN — IPAM / DNS / Controllers (PVE 8.0+)

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveSdnIpam	List SDN IPAM plugins
New-PveSdnIpam	Create an SDN IPAM plugin
Set-PveSdnIpam	Update an SDN IPAM plugin
Remove-PveSdnIpam	Remove an SDN IPAM plugin
Get-PveSdnDns	List SDN DNS plugins
New-PveSdnDns	Create an SDN DNS plugin
Set-PveSdnDns	Update an SDN DNS plugin
Remove-PveSdnDns	Remove an SDN DNS plugin
Get-PveSdnController	List SDN controllers
New-PveSdnController	Create an SDN controller
Set-PveSdnController	Update an SDN controller
Remove-PveSdnController	Remove an SDN controller
Invoke-PveSdnApply	Apply pending SDN configuration changes
Set-PveSdnZone	Update an SDN zone
Set-PveSdnVnet	Update an SDN VNet
Set-PveSdnSubnet	Update an SDN subnet

Cluster

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveClusterResource	List all resources (VMs, containers, nodes, storage) cluster-wide

Pools

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PvePool	List resource pools
New-PvePool	Create a resource pool
Set-PvePool	Update a resource pool
Remove-PvePool	Delete a resource pool

VM Disk Operations

Cmdlet	Description
Move-PveVmDisk	Move a VM disk to a different storage
Remove-PveVmDisk	Detach and optionally delete a VM disk

Guest Agent Extensions

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveVmGuestOsInfo	Get guest OS information via QEMU agent
Get-PveVmGuestFsInfo	Get guest filesystem information
Read-PveVmGuestFile	Read a file from inside a guest VM
Write-PveVmGuestFile	Write a file inside a guest VM
Set-PveVmGuestPassword	Change a user password inside a guest VM
Invoke-PveVmGuestFsTrim	TRIM guest VM filesystems

Additional Container Operations

Cmdlet	Description
Suspend-PveContainer	Suspend (freeze) a container
Resume-PveContainer	Resume a suspended container
Resize-PveContainerDisk	Resize a container disk/volume
New-PveContainerTemplate	Convert a container to a template
Move-PveContainerVolume	Move a container volume to a different storage
Get-PveContainerInterface	Get container network interfaces

Storage Content

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveStorageStatus	Get storage usage statistics
Remove-PveStorageContent	Delete a volume, backup, or ISO from storage
Set-PveStorageContent	Update volume notes/properties
New-PveStorageDisk	Allocate a new empty disk image

Node Operations

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveNodeConfig	Get node configuration
Set-PveNodeConfig	Update node configuration
Get-PveNodeDns	Get node DNS configuration
Set-PveNodeDns	Update node DNS configuration
Start-PveNodeVms	Start all VMs on a node
Stop-PveNodeVms	Stop all VMs on a node

Access — Groups & Domains

Cmdlet	Description
Get-PveGroup	List user groups
New-PveGroup	Create a user group
Set-PveGroup	Update a user group
Remove-PveGroup	Delete a user group
Get-PveDomain	List authentication realms (PAM, LDAP, AD, OpenID)
New-PveDomain	Create an authentication realm
Set-PveDomain	Update an authentication realm
Remove-PveDomain	Delete an authentication realm
Set-PvePassword	Change a user's password
Set-PveRole	Update a role's privileges
Set-PveStorage	Update a storage definition
Set-PveApiToken	Update an API token

Known Limitations

• No automatic retries: Failed API calls are not retried. Implement your own retry logic if needed.
• Integration tests require live node: Integration tests require a dedicated Proxmox VE test node. See tests/PSProxmoxVE.Tests/Integration/README.md.
• No Ceph management: Ceph pool/OSD/monitor management is not included in v1.
• No PBS integration: Proxmox Backup Server operations are not included in v1.
• Task waiting: Wait-PveTask polls with a minimum 1-second interval. For high-frequency monitoring, use the PVE web UI.

Contributing

1. Clone the repository
2. Open PSProxmoxVE.sln in your IDE
3. Build: dotnet build
4. Run unit tests: ./tools/Invoke-Tests.ps1
5. Run integration tests (requires live PVE node): ./tools/Invoke-Tests.ps1 -Tier Integration

Commit Convention

This project uses Conventional Commits:

• feat: — new feature
• fix: — bug fix
• test: — test additions or changes
• ci: — CI/CD changes
• docs: — documentation changes
• refactor: — code refactoring

License

MIT