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spinifex/scripts/build-lambda-runtime-microvm-image_test.sh
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Josh Siviour b9bce93877 feat(lambda): test-only Invoke path on a digest-pinned microVM (draft) (#1582)
* feat(lambda): add the unregistered RequestResponse Invoke path

Invoke resolves the function and qualifier with the existing lookup,
authorizes lambda:InvokeFunction on the function ARN, and hands one
synchronous attempt to an injected Executor. With no executor it fails
closed; a Pending function is ResourceConflictException. An accepted
attempt is not cancelled by a caller disconnect: only the wait is bounded.
Event, DryRun, LogType Tail and other unimplemented options are refused
explicitly. Lambda stays unregistered and no user code runs.

Also makes two flaky tests deterministic: the workerboot key-mismatch test
could pick an identical key 1 time in 256, and the loadgen first-breach
test depended on a 2ms op staying under a 30ms wall-clock p99.

* feat: track each Lambda code upload before storing it

CreateFunction now writes a per-Region upload record before the name
claim and before any code Put, so a failed upload, rollback, expired
claim or late original writer cannot leave an untracked copy. Refused
or ambiguous outcomes keep the record; nothing is deleted or inferred
complete from an expired claim.

CodeStored validates the upload record before committing and refuses a
missing, unreadable, future-format, mismatched or non-owed record
without changing either record. Attach CASes only the checked record.

* feat(lambda): run test-link Invoke in a daemon-owned microVM

Behind the lambdatestlink build tag only. The gateway executor presigns
the exact code digest and sends one NATS request to this node's daemon;
the daemon fetches and verifies the code, then runs one fresh microVM
per invocation through a runner that holds QEMU's creating thread,
kills only through a verified pidfd, and counts a stop only on a
recorded exit status. The host enforces the function timeout from
dispatch, and a late result is a timeout.

Each attempt writes a marker before allocating an address or tap and
refuses further test invocations while any marker remains, including
after a restart. Taps are created exclusively and removed only while
their ifindex and owner alias still match. Anything whose stop or
release is not proven stays held.

The default build is unchanged: Invoke refuses before presigning,
sending or allocating, and Lambda stays unrouted.

Limits: functions never leave Pending (the env15 run activated its
test record by hand); no grant mechanism; a hung daemon leaves the hard
timeout unenforced; held attempts are not recovered after a restart;
requests are bounded by the 1 MiB NATS message; a timeout is an unknown
outcome rather than AWS's Unhandled error.

* feat(lambda): enforce attempt grants and a QEMU hard-kill backstop on the test link

Test-only and local: everything here is behind the lambdatestlink build tag
except the new domains/lambda/execution owner package. The default gateway
still refuses Invoke before presigning, sending or allocating, the normal
guest agent stays closed, and Lambda stays unregistered.

Attempt grants (domains/lambda/execution):
- One owner record per node holds the current attempt; every change is a
  conditional write, and an unrecognised format is left untouched.
- The gateway issues a grant binding request ID, account, Region, function,
  revision and code digest before anything is sent; a second attempt is
  refused while one is unresolved.
- The daemon starts only under the current matching grant, before it
  downloads code or allocates anything; stale, replayed or mismatched
  grants are refused with the record unchanged.
- A result counts only if the owner accepts it under the dispatch deadline
  while the attempt is running; a late or uncertain acceptance is reported
  as an unknown outcome, never success.
- An attempt ends only after the VM stop is proven and resources are
  released, or when nothing was launched; otherwise it is held as
  ambiguous. Time alone never releases it. An uncertain stop write is an
  unknown outcome: it may already have landed.

QEMU hard-kill backstop (runtime/compute/lambda/testlink):
- A preloaded initializer arms a SIGKILL timer inside QEMU before main and
  acknowledges with QEMU's PID, the deadline and a per-attempt nonce. Any
  failure after it loads kills the process before main.
- The daemon checks the initializer against a pinned SHA-256 before launch,
  builds QEMU's environment without inherited LD_* or backstop settings,
  and sends no invocation frame without the exact acknowledgement; a
  missing or wrong acknowledgement kills QEMU and keeps state until the
  stop is proven.

Limits, not production readiness:
- Not the M1 decision. The grant binds request identity and code digest,
  not payload, memory or function ARN, and the guest does not yet bind
  generation or sequence.
- If the preload never loads (missing file, static or setuid QEMU), nothing
  arms; a daemon hung before refusing can leave QEMU alive, and the only
  guarantee is that no invocation frame was sent.
- Hash-then-load has a replacement race and is not a trust boundary; the
  initializer is built and installed by hand, with no packaging.
- A killed QEMU stays a zombie until the daemon reaps it; held attempts are
  not recovered after restart; duplicate attempt IDs are checked only
  against the current attempt.

* feat(lambda): seal the test-link timer library and bind the guest to its grant

Test-link (lambdatestlink) build only. Lambda stays publicly unregistered and
the normal guest agent stays fail-closed.

Timer library: the daemon reads the hard-kill initializer once, checks those
bytes against the pinned digest, copies them into a sealed memfd, verifies the
seals and re-hashes the sealed copy, then passes it to QEMU as an inherited fd
loaded through /proc/self/fd. The initializer closes that fd before it
acknowledges. A kernel that rejects MFD_EXEC, or a memfd_noexec policy that
refuses it, refuses the attempt; there is no fallback.

Guest binding: the daemon writes a test-grant fw_cfg entry with the owner's
grant ID, attempt ID, environment ID and generation, and the guest's scope now
comes from that grant. Before installing code or starting the bootstrap, the
guest refuses unless the grant names the authenticated environment generation,
the first frame carries that grant and attempt ID, and the frame deadline is
present and still ahead on the guest clock.

Limits:
- The digest is only as trustworthy as the build input that pins it; the memfd
  closes the swap window between check and load, it does not authenticate it.
- Not yet shown under the real spinifex-daemon systemd sandbox
  (MemoryDenyWriteExecute, ProtectProc) or with memfd_noexec set to 1 or 2.
- fw_cfg and the request frame both come from the executor, so matching them
  does not independently authenticate owner authority. This is not the M1
  decision.
- The guest clock check is a local guard only; it cannot detect clock skew or a
  delayed, superseded grant. The guest has no channel to the owner and checks
  the generation only on the first frame.
- Held attempts are still not recovered after a daemon restart.

* feat(lambda): recover held test-link attempts after a daemon restart

Test-link (lambdatestlink) build only. Lambda stays publicly unregistered and
the normal guest agent stays fail-closed.

Launch identity: attempt.Run passes the session callback its own duplicate of
the clone-time pidfd and closes SessionDone before publishing the result.
Before the guest is sent anything, the daemon takes the VM's pidfs inode from
that exact handle (refusing if the pidfd is not on pidfs or the VM has
exited), with the host machine ID, boot ID, PID namespace and the launching
daemon's own pidfs identity, and records it in the owner record with a
conditional Launched transition. A failed write holds the attempt as
ambiguous.

Recovery: RecoverLoop retries for a bounded number of rounds on the daemon
context, each round holding the node slot so it never runs beside a request.
It holds anything it cannot scope to the recorded boot and PID namespace with
the launcher gone, and holds an attempt with no launch identity. A PID with no
process, or one now held by a process with another pidfs inode, proves the
stop without signalling; the recorded VM still running is killed through its
own pidfd and counted stopped only once the pidfd reports the exit.

Cleanup order: files, tap and address (MgmtIPAllocator.ReleaseChecked, which
reports an unconfirmed release; Release is unchanged for its callers), then a
new owner state released that still blocks Issue, then the marker, then
ended. Recovery finishes from either side of each step.

Limits:
- Reboot and partition recovery stay held until host identity or fencing is
  established; a machine ID can be copied, so it is not host proof.
- A launch that crashes before its identity is recorded stays held.
- No recovery if the daemon cannot restart or hangs.
- Not yet run under the real spinifex-daemon systemd unit, and no kernel
  without pidfs was tested.
- This is not the M1 decision.

* fix(lambda): refuse ownerless checked mgmt IP releases

ReleaseChecked now refuses an entry that names no node, or an allocator
with no node bound, and leaves both the cluster and local entries in place.
The checked path deletes its local entry only after a confirmed release
and only if it still holds the same address. Legacy Release is unchanged.
Callers must serialize Allocate and ReleaseChecked for one instance ID;
the Lambda test-link slot does.

Recovery tests that need real pidfs now skip only when the kernel's pidfds
are not on pidfs, and a non-pidfs descriptor is shown to be refused. The
runtime still fails closed. Adds an owner test for Store.Launched.

* fix(lambda): retry test-link recovery until it settles

RecoverLoop now retries on the daemon context until the held attempt
settles, starting at 5s and doubling to a 5 minute cap, instead of
giving up after ten rounds. Each round still takes the node slot, so it
never runs beside Handle. It covers only what a previous daemon left:
an attempt a later Handle in the same daemon holds stays held until the
next restart.

The serving log now says the guest does not verify owner grant
authority.

* feat(lambda): build the test-link daemon and initializer as one pair

Add make build-lambda-testlink. It compiles the hard-kill initializer,
checks it against the 2.34 glibc ceiling, pins its SHA-256 into a
lambdatestlink spx build, and proves with TestLambdaHardKillPin that the
daemon's own pin accepts that file and refuses a changed one. Both files
are built in a staging directory and moved together only on success; any
earlier pair is removed first, so a failed rebuild leaves no pair. The
target refuses to build unless Go targets linux on the host architecture.

The initializer now uses _POSIX_C_SOURCE with -std=c17, so it no longer
needs __isoc23_strtol (glibc 2.38). The daemon refuses an initializer
built for another ELF machine or class.

Startup now begins recovery with only the owner store, tap and address
cleanup. A missing bridge address, pin, trust store or matching
initializer stops new invocations but not recovery.

Limits: test-only and unregistered. The pin is only as trustworthy as
the build host and toolchain; the initializer is still installed by
hand and ships in no release artefact. linux/arm64 is untested. Recovery
needs pidfs, which older kernels may lack. This is not the M1 decision.

* feat(lambda): fix one CLOCK_BOOTTIME backstop deadline per test-link attempt

Test-only (lambdatestlink); the default build and public Lambda route are
unchanged.

- The daemon reads CLOCK_BOOTTIME once before the grant Start and fixes one
  absolute deadline: bounded code fetch + function timeout + boot allowance +
  kill margin. Nothing recomputes or extends it; Handle never retries and
  recovery never relaunches.
- The hard-kill initializer arms its SIGKILL timer at that absolute deadline
  (SPX_HARDKILL_DEADLINE_NS, TIMER_ABSTIME) instead of relative to QEMU start.
- Dispatch is refused once the deadline has passed: before QEMU starts, when
  the initializer ack is read at or after it (VM killed, stop proven), and
  immediately before the invocation frame is sent. A clock read failure counts
  as expired.

Limits: tap/IP setup, image read, initializer seal and QEMU start have no caps
of their own beyond the boot allowance. An overdue timer is not shown to fire
before vCPUs resume after host suspend. Owner-side retention, cross-node
ordering, clock-rate assumptions and M1 remain unsolved; nothing is released by
time and held attempts still need stop proof.

* feat(lambda): boot the test-link runtime image from a pinned digest

The test-link daemon now prepares its runtime image once at startup: each
boot file is opened without following symlinks or blocking, capped by size,
copied into a sealed memfd and hashed there, and the image digest over those
sealed copies must equal LAMBDA_IMAGE_DIGEST pinned into the build. QEMU boots
only the sealed copies (fds 3-5), and firmware comes from the image directory
rather than the shared microvm qboot.rom. The digest identifies the bytes; it
does not authenticate where they came from.

build-lambda-testlink-image builds a separately tagged guest into its own
outputs and prints the digest with the daemon's own file selection. Both
test-link targets refuse anything but an x86_64 host building linux/amd64,
and the digest input is read raw and validated before it reaches ldflags.

* test: cover test-link image load failures and daemon startup release

Exercise each sealed-copy failure path through the memfd hook and check
partial copies are closed. Extract the daemon's readiness and release
steps so startup tests can show the image is released when serving fails
and that Handle refuses without a prepared image.

* fix: align test-link Invoke errors with AWS and verify guest build tag

Malformed JSON payloads return 400 InvalidRequestContentException and
oversized requests return 413 with X-Amzn-Errortype
RequestEntityTooLargeException, both before the executor runs. Timeouts
and lost or failed sends are reported as unknown rather than as a
function timeout, and any Sandbox.Timedout result is treated as unknown.
Oversized function responses report Unhandled with
Function.ResponseSizeTooLarge in the body.

Add lambda-image-agent-tag, which reads the agent's build information
from each built initramfs and refuses an image whose lambdatestlink tag
does not match the target. Add tests that the default gateway cannot
invoke and that management IP Release drops the local entry when the
address is held elsewhere or the KV is down.

* test: use the shared RequireAWSCode helper in Lambda tests

The per-package requireCode helpers were replaced by
testutil.RequireAWSCode, which makes the same assertions; the Lambda
Invoke and upload tests still called the removed helper.

* fix: validate and authorize qualified Lambda Invoke requests

Invoke now runs every deterministic check before authorization and
authorizes the qualified function ARN derived from the same validated
target. Qualifiers follow the documented FunctionName and Qualifier
patterns and length limits, and a malformed query string is refused.

Code download errors no longer carry transport detail, so a presigned
credential in a bad redirect cannot reach the reply or the gateway log.

A seam built only with lambdatestlink and lambdatestlinkseam drives real
session outcomes through the executor and composed gateway in one test.

* test: restore the loadgen and workerboot tests to dev

* test: drive a bootstrap-posted timeout through the composed Invoke path

* fix: carry handler and qualifier to the test-link runtime and refuse function environments

The test link now passes the stored handler to the guest as _HANDLER and the
validated qualifier into the invoked-function ARN. Functions with environment
variables are refused before any presign, grant or dispatch, since delivering
them needs a separate secret-transport design.

* test: stub QEMU for the test-link package so it runs on hosts without it
2026-11-04 22:51:49 +10:00

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#!/bin/sh
# build-lambda-runtime-microvm-image_test.sh — a build into a chosen output
# directory stages and publishes there, and leaves the default input directory
# untouched.
#
# The script runs in a fixture repo against the real library, with only the
# rootfs, kernel and packing steps replaced so no image is downloaded.
set -eu
SCRIPTS_DIR=$(CDPATH='' cd -- "$(dirname -- "$0")" && pwd)
TMP=$(mktemp -d)
trap 'rm -rf "$TMP"' EXIT
fails=0
pass() { echo " ok - $1"; }
fail() { echo " FAIL - $1"; fails=$((fails + 1)); }
echo "-- build-lambda-runtime-microvm-image.sh output directory"
REPO="$TMP/repo"
IN="$REPO/build/microvm/lambda-runtime"
mkdir -p "$REPO/scripts/lib" "$IN" "$REPO/bin" "$TMP/bin"
cp "$SCRIPTS_DIR/build-lambda-runtime-microvm-image.sh" "$REPO/scripts/"
for f in init.sh inittab run-agent; do printf '%s\n' "$f" > "$IN/$f"; done
printf 'default image\n' > "$IN/vmlinuz"
printf '#!/bin/sh\n' > "$REPO/bin/agent-testlink"
chmod +x "$REPO/bin/agent-testlink"
printf '#!/bin/sh\necho "ELF 64-bit, statically linked"\n' > "$TMP/bin/file"
chmod +x "$TMP/bin/file"
BEFORE=$(cd "$IN" && ls -A | cksum)
# The real library, with the steps that need a rootfs or kernel replaced.
# Packing runs from inside the chroot as the real step does, and records where
# the stage is while it still exists.
cat > "$REPO/scripts/lib/microvm-image.sh" <<EOF
. "$SCRIPTS_DIR/lib/microvm-image.sh"
microvm_check_tools() { :; }
microvm_make_rootfs() { mkdir -p "\$CHROOT_DIR/etc"; }
microvm_empty_dev() { :; }
microvm_locate_kernel() { :; }
microvm_strip_modules() { :; }
microvm_strip_rootfs() { :; }
microvm_stage_kernel() { printf 'kernel\n' > "\$STAGE_DIR/vmlinuz"; }
microvm_pack_initramfs() {
(cd "\$CHROOT_DIR" && printf 'initramfs\n' | gzip > "\$STAGE_DIR/initramfs.cpio.gz")
dirname "\$STAGE_DIR" > "$TMP/stage-parent"
ls -A "$IN" > "$TMP/input-during"
}
EOF
# The output is given relative to the repo root, as make passes it.
OUT="$REPO/build/microvm/lambda-testlink-runtime"
if ! (cd "$REPO" && PATH="$TMP/bin:$PATH" bash scripts/build-lambda-runtime-microvm-image.sh bin/agent-testlink build/microvm/lambda-testlink-runtime) > "$TMP/log" 2>&1; then
fail "build into output dir: $(tr '\n' ' ' < "$TMP/log")"
else
if [ "$(cat "$TMP/stage-parent")" = "$OUT" ]; then
pass "stage created in the output directory"
else
fail "stage created in $(cat "$TMP/stage-parent"), want $OUT"
fi
if grep -q '^\.stage\.' "$TMP/input-during"; then
fail "stage present in the default input directory during the build"
else
pass "no stage in the default input directory during the build"
fi
if [ "$(cd "$IN" && ls -A | cksum)" = "$BEFORE" ] && grep -qx 'default image' "$IN/vmlinuz"; then
pass "default input directory unchanged"
else
fail "default input directory changed: $(cd "$IN" && ls -A | tr '\n' ' ')"
fi
if grep -qx kernel "$OUT/vmlinuz" && gzip -t "$OUT/initramfs.cpio.gz" && [ "$(ls -A "$OUT" | wc -l)" -eq 2 ]; then
pass "output directory holds exactly the published pair"
else
fail "output directory: $(ls -A "$OUT" | tr '\n' ' ')"
fi
fi
if [ "$fails" -ne 0 ]; then
echo "$fails failure(s)"
exit 1
fi