refactor(backend): sanitize user input before logging to close CRLF injection (#807)

* refactor(backend): sanitize user input before logging to close CRLF injection

Adds a small sanitizeForLog helper that strips CR, LF, tab, and ASCII
control characters (0x00-0x1F, 0x7F) from a value before it is embedded
in a console.log/warn/error/debug call. Wraps every call site where a
user-controlled value (req.params, req.body, req.query, or a value
derived from them) flows into a log message.

Closes the bulk of the open CodeQL alerts in this family:
- 96 js/log-injection
- 28 js/tainted-format-string

The helper is in backend/src/utils/safeLog.ts. Routes still pre-validate
input at the request boundary; this is the second line of defense and
gives static analyzers a sanitizer they can trace through. JSON
responses, Docker filter labels, and other non-log call sites are
intentionally left unwrapped.

* refactor(backend): printf-style format strings for tainted-log call sites

CodeQL's js/tainted-format-string rule flags template literals in the first
arg of console.X when any interpolated value is user-controlled, regardless
of whether each value is sanitized inline. The canonical mitigation is to
use a static format string and pass values as positional args.

Converts the 28 flagged template literals to printf-style ("%s") format
strings, with sanitizeForLog applied to each positional arg. Also fills in
the log-injection wraps on 9 sites where a user-controlled value was
missed in the first sweep (agents, fleet, gitSources, imageUpdates,
GitSourceService).

No behavior change at runtime. Node's util.format substitutes %s tokens
identically to template-literal interpolation.

* fix(backend): wrap nodeId/snapshotId in fleet restore debug log

CodeQL flagged the unwrapped numeric args even though they cannot
contain control chars in practice. Apply the sanitizer for taint-flow
recognition.

backend/src/services/ImageUpdateService.ts

@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { NotificationService } from './NotificationService';
 import { parseImageRef, getRemoteDigest } from './registry-api';
 import { isDebugEnabled } from '../utils/debug';
 import { getErrorMessage } from '../utils/errors';
+import { sanitizeForLog } from '../utils/safeLog';
 
 const BACKFILL_KEY = 'image_update_notifications_backfilled';
 
@@ -239,7 +240,7 @@ export class ImageUpdateService {
             try {
                 imageUpdateMap.set(imageRef, await this.checkImage(docker, imageRef));
             } catch (e) {
-                console.error(`[ImageUpdateService] Error checking ${imageRef}:`, e);
+                console.error(`[ImageUpdateService] Error checking ${sanitizeForLog(imageRef)}:`, sanitizeForLog((e as Error)?.message ?? String(e)));
                 imageUpdateMap.set(imageRef, { hasUpdate: false, error: String(e) });
             }
             await sleep(ImageUpdateService.INTER_IMAGE_DELAY_MS);