// Copyright 2024 RustFS Team
//
// Licensed under the Apache License, Version 2.0 (the "License");
// you may not use this file except in compliance with the License.
// You may obtain a copy of the License at
//
//     http://www.apache.org/licenses/LICENSE-2.0
//
// Unless required by applicable law or agreed to in writing, software
// distributed under the License is distributed on an "AS IS" BASIS,
// WITHOUT WARRANTIES OR CONDITIONS OF ANY KIND, either express or implied.
// See the License for the specific language governing permissions and
// limitations under the License.

//! Cloud provider detection and metadata fetching.

use async_trait::async_trait;
use rustfs_utils::get_env_opt_str;
use std::str::FromStr;
use std::time::Duration;
use tracing::{debug, info, warn};

use crate::AppError;

/// Supported cloud providers.
#[derive(Debug, Clone, PartialEq, Eq, Hash)]
pub enum CloudProvider {
    /// Amazon Web Services
    Aws,
    /// Microsoft Azure
    Azure,
    /// Google Cloud Platform
    Gcp,
    /// DigitalOcean
    DigitalOcean,
    /// Cloudflare
    Cloudflare,
    /// Unknown or custom provider.
    Unknown(String),
}

impl FromStr for CloudProvider {
    type Err = std::convert::Infallible;

    fn from_str(s: &str) -> Result<Self, Self::Err> {
        Ok(match s.to_lowercase().as_str() {
            "aws" | "amazon" => Self::Aws,
            "azure" | "microsoft" => Self::Azure,
            "gcp" | "google" => Self::Gcp,
            "digitalocean" | "do" => Self::DigitalOcean,
            "cloudflare" | "cf" => Self::Cloudflare,
            _ => Self::Unknown(s.to_string()),
        })
    }
}

impl CloudProvider {
    /// Detects the cloud provider based on environment variables.
    pub fn detect_from_env() -> Option<Self> {
        let has_env = |key| get_env_opt_str(key).is_some();

        // Check for AWS environment variables.
        if has_env("RUSTFS_AWS_EXECUTION_ENV") || has_env("RUSTFS_AWS_REGION") || has_env("RUSTFS_EC2_INSTANCE_ID") {
            return Some(Self::Aws);
        }

        // Check for Azure environment variables.
        if has_env("RUSTFS_WEBSITE_SITE_NAME")
            || has_env("RUSTFS_WEBSITE_INSTANCE_ID")
            || has_env("RUSTFS_APPSETTING_WEBSITE_SITE_NAME")
        {
            return Some(Self::Azure);
        }

        // Check for GCP environment variables.
        if has_env("RUSTFS_GCP_PROJECT") || has_env("RUSTFS_GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT") || has_env("RUSTFS_GAE_INSTANCE") {
            return Some(Self::Gcp);
        }

        // Check for DigitalOcean environment variables.
        if has_env("RUSTFS_DIGITALOCEAN_REGION") {
            return Some(Self::DigitalOcean);
        }

        // Check for Cloudflare environment variables.
        if has_env("RUSTFS_CF_PAGES") || has_env("RUSTFS_CF_WORKERS") {
            return Some(Self::Cloudflare);
        }

        None
    }

    /// Returns the canonical name of the cloud provider.
    pub fn name(&self) -> &str {
        match self {
            Self::Aws => "aws",
            Self::Azure => "azure",
            Self::Gcp => "gcp",
            Self::DigitalOcean => "digitalocean",
            Self::Cloudflare => "cloudflare",
            Self::Unknown(name) => name,
        }
    }
}

#[cfg(test)]
mod tests {
    use super::*;
    use temp_env::{with_var, with_vars_unset};

    #[test]
    fn test_detect_from_env_prefers_known_provider_markers() {
        with_var("RUSTFS_AWS_REGION", Some("us-east-1"), || {
            assert_eq!(CloudProvider::detect_from_env(), Some(CloudProvider::Aws));
        });
    }

    #[test]
    fn test_detect_from_env_returns_none_without_markers() {
        with_vars_unset(
            vec![
                "RUSTFS_AWS_EXECUTION_ENV",
                "RUSTFS_AWS_REGION",
                "RUSTFS_EC2_INSTANCE_ID",
                "RUSTFS_WEBSITE_SITE_NAME",
                "RUSTFS_WEBSITE_INSTANCE_ID",
                "RUSTFS_APPSETTING_WEBSITE_SITE_NAME",
                "RUSTFS_GCP_PROJECT",
                "RUSTFS_GOOGLE_CLOUD_PROJECT",
                "RUSTFS_GAE_INSTANCE",
                "RUSTFS_DIGITALOCEAN_REGION",
                "RUSTFS_CF_PAGES",
                "RUSTFS_CF_WORKERS",
            ],
            || {
                assert_eq!(CloudProvider::detect_from_env(), None);
            },
        );
    }
}

/// Trait for fetching metadata from a specific cloud provider.
#[async_trait]
pub trait CloudMetadataFetcher: Send + Sync {
    /// Returns the name of the provider.
    fn provider_name(&self) -> &str;

    /// Fetches the network CIDR ranges for the current instance.
    async fn fetch_network_cidrs(&self) -> Result<Vec<ipnetwork::IpNetwork>, AppError>;

    /// Fetches the public IP ranges for the cloud provider.
    async fn fetch_public_ip_ranges(&self) -> Result<Vec<ipnetwork::IpNetwork>, AppError>;

    /// Fetches all IP ranges that should be considered trusted proxies.
    async fn fetch_trusted_proxy_ranges(&self) -> Result<Vec<ipnetwork::IpNetwork>, AppError> {
        let mut ranges = Vec::new();

        match self.fetch_network_cidrs().await {
            Ok(cidrs) => ranges.extend(cidrs),
            Err(e) => warn!(
                event = "trusted_proxies.cloud_fetch",
                component = "trusted_proxies",
                subsystem = "cloud_detector",
                provider = self.provider_name(),
                dataset = "network_cidrs",
                result = "degraded",
                error = %e,
                "trusted proxy cloud metadata fetch degraded"
            ),
        }

        match self.fetch_public_ip_ranges().await {
            Ok(public_ranges) => ranges.extend(public_ranges),
            Err(e) => warn!(
                event = "trusted_proxies.cloud_fetch",
                component = "trusted_proxies",
                subsystem = "cloud_detector",
                provider = self.provider_name(),
                dataset = "public_ip_ranges",
                result = "degraded",
                error = %e,
                "trusted proxy cloud metadata fetch degraded"
            ),
        }

        Ok(ranges)
    }
}

/// Detector for identifying the current cloud environment and fetching relevant metadata.
#[derive(Debug, Clone)]
pub struct CloudDetector {
    /// Whether cloud detection is enabled.
    enabled: bool,
    /// Timeout for metadata requests.
    timeout: Duration,
    /// Optionally force a specific provider.
    forced_provider: Option<CloudProvider>,
}

impl CloudDetector {
    /// Creates a new `CloudDetector`.
    pub fn new(enabled: bool, timeout: Duration, forced_provider: Option<String>) -> Self {
        let forced_provider = forced_provider.and_then(|s| CloudProvider::from_str(&s).ok());

        Self {
            enabled,
            timeout,
            forced_provider,
        }
    }

    /// Identifies the current cloud provider.
    pub fn detect_provider(&self) -> Option<CloudProvider> {
        if !self.enabled {
            return None;
        }

        if let Some(provider) = self.forced_provider.as_ref() {
            return Some(provider.clone());
        }

        CloudProvider::detect_from_env()
    }

    /// Fetches trusted IP ranges for the detected cloud provider.
    pub async fn fetch_trusted_ranges(&self) -> Result<Vec<ipnetwork::IpNetwork>, AppError> {
        if !self.enabled {
            debug!(
                event = "trusted_proxies.cloud_detect",
                component = "trusted_proxies",
                subsystem = "cloud_detector",
                state = "disabled",
                "trusted proxy cloud detection skipped"
            );
            return Ok(Vec::new());
        }

        let provider = self.detect_provider();

        match provider {
            Some(CloudProvider::Aws) => {
                info!(
                    event = "trusted_proxies.cloud_detect",
                    component = "trusted_proxies",
                    subsystem = "cloud_detector",
                    provider = "aws",
                    result = "detected",
                    timeout_ms = self.timeout.as_millis(),
                    "trusted proxy cloud provider detected"
                );
                let fetcher = crate::AwsMetadataFetcher::new(self.timeout);
                fetcher.fetch_trusted_proxy_ranges().await
            }
            Some(CloudProvider::Azure) => {
                info!(
                    event = "trusted_proxies.cloud_detect",
                    component = "trusted_proxies",
                    subsystem = "cloud_detector",
                    provider = "azure",
                    result = "detected",
                    timeout_ms = self.timeout.as_millis(),
                    "trusted proxy cloud provider detected"
                );
                let fetcher = crate::AzureMetadataFetcher::new(self.timeout);
                fetcher.fetch_trusted_proxy_ranges().await
            }
            Some(CloudProvider::Gcp) => {
                info!(
                    event = "trusted_proxies.cloud_detect",
                    component = "trusted_proxies",
                    subsystem = "cloud_detector",
                    provider = "gcp",
                    result = "detected",
                    timeout_ms = self.timeout.as_millis(),
                    "trusted proxy cloud provider detected"
                );
                let fetcher = crate::GcpMetadataFetcher::new(self.timeout);
                fetcher.fetch_trusted_proxy_ranges().await
            }
            Some(CloudProvider::Cloudflare) => {
                info!(
                    event = "trusted_proxies.cloud_detect",
                    component = "trusted_proxies",
                    subsystem = "cloud_detector",
                    provider = "cloudflare",
                    result = "detected",
                    "trusted proxy cloud provider detected"
                );
                let ranges = crate::CloudflareIpRanges::fetch().await?;
                Ok(ranges)
            }
            Some(CloudProvider::DigitalOcean) => {
                info!(
                    event = "trusted_proxies.cloud_detect",
                    component = "trusted_proxies",
                    subsystem = "cloud_detector",
                    provider = "digitalocean",
                    result = "detected",
                    "trusted proxy cloud provider detected"
                );
                let ranges = crate::DigitalOceanIpRanges::fetch().await?;
                Ok(ranges)
            }
            Some(CloudProvider::Unknown(name)) => {
                warn!(
                    event = "trusted_proxies.cloud_detect",
                    component = "trusted_proxies",
                    subsystem = "cloud_detector",
                    provider = %name,
                    result = "unknown",
                    "trusted proxy cloud provider unresolved"
                );
                Ok(Vec::new())
            }
            None => {
                debug!(
                    event = "trusted_proxies.cloud_detect",
                    component = "trusted_proxies",
                    subsystem = "cloud_detector",
                    result = "none",
                    "trusted proxy cloud provider not detected"
                );
                Ok(Vec::new())
            }
        }
    }

    /// Attempts to fetch metadata from all supported providers sequentially.
    pub async fn try_all_providers(&self) -> Result<Vec<ipnetwork::IpNetwork>, AppError> {
        if !self.enabled {
            return Ok(Vec::new());
        }

        let providers: Vec<Box<dyn CloudMetadataFetcher>> = vec![
            Box::new(crate::AwsMetadataFetcher::new(self.timeout)),
            Box::new(crate::AzureMetadataFetcher::new(self.timeout)),
            Box::new(crate::GcpMetadataFetcher::new(self.timeout)),
        ];

        for provider in providers {
            let provider_name = provider.provider_name();
            debug!(
                event = "trusted_proxies.cloud_detect",
                component = "trusted_proxies",
                subsystem = "cloud_detector",
                provider = provider_name,
                result = "attempt",
                "trusted proxy cloud provider fetch attempted"
            );

            match provider.fetch_trusted_proxy_ranges().await {
                Ok(ranges) => {
                    if !ranges.is_empty() {
                        info!(
                            event = "trusted_proxies.cloud_detect",
                            component = "trusted_proxies",
                            subsystem = "cloud_detector",
                            provider = provider_name,
                            result = "loaded",
                            range_count = ranges.len(),
                            "trusted proxy cloud provider ranges loaded"
                        );
                        return Ok(ranges);
                    }
                }
                Err(e) => {
                    debug!(
                        event = "trusted_proxies.cloud_detect",
                        component = "trusted_proxies",
                        subsystem = "cloud_detector",
                        provider = provider_name,
                        result = "failed",
                        error = %e,
                        "trusted proxy cloud provider fetch failed"
                    );
                }
            }
        }

        Ok(Vec::new())
    }
}

/// Returns a default `CloudDetector` with detection disabled.
pub fn default_cloud_detector() -> CloudDetector {
    CloudDetector::new(false, Duration::from_secs(5), None)
}