pad/internal/store/attachments.go

package store

import (
	"database/sql"
	"encoding/json"
	"errors"
	"fmt"
	"strings"
	"time"

	"github.com/PerpetualSoftware/pad/internal/kernelevents"
	"github.com/PerpetualSoftware/pad/internal/models"
)

// WorkspaceStorageInfo is the consolidated quota summary for a workspace:
// used bytes (from the attachments table), the effective limit for the
// owner's plan (after override + platform-setting + hardcoded fallback),
// the plan name, and whether the owner has a per-user storage_bytes
// override configured. -1 in LimitBytes means unlimited.
//
// The override_active flag tracks whether the workspace owner's
// PlanOverrides JSON contains a storage_bytes key — independent of
// whether that override actually changes the effective limit. (On
// pro/self-hosted plans the limit is unlimited regardless; the flag
// still surfaces the admin's intent in the Settings → Storage UI.)
type WorkspaceStorageInfo struct {
	UsedBytes      int64  `json:"used_bytes"`
	LimitBytes     int64  `json:"limit_bytes"` // -1 = unlimited
	Plan           string `json:"plan"`
	OverrideActive bool   `json:"override_active"`
}

// attachmentColumns is the canonical column list. Keep the column names in
// alignment with migrations/047_attachments.sql + pgmigrations/026_attachments.sql.
const attachmentColumns = `id, workspace_id, item_id, uploaded_by, storage_key, content_hash,
	mime_type, size_bytes, filename, width, height, parent_id, variant, created_at, deleted_at`

// scanAttachment scans a single row into a models.Attachment, handling
// nullables via *string / *int.
func scanAttachment(row interface {
	Scan(dest ...any) error
}) (*models.Attachment, error) {
	var a models.Attachment
	var itemID, parentID, variant, deletedAt *string
	var width, height *int
	var createdAt string

	err := row.Scan(
		&a.ID, &a.WorkspaceID, &itemID, &a.UploadedBy, &a.StorageKey, &a.ContentHash,
		&a.MimeType, &a.SizeBytes, &a.Filename, &width, &height,
		&parentID, &variant, &createdAt, &deletedAt,
	)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}
	a.ItemID = itemID
	a.ParentID = parentID
	a.Variant = variant
	a.Width = width
	a.Height = height
	a.CreatedAt = parseTime(createdAt)
	a.DeletedAt = parseTimePtr(deletedAt)
	return &a, nil
}

// CreateAttachment inserts an attachment row. id and created_at are
// generated by the store. The caller is expected to have already written
// the blob via AttachmentStore.Put — store-level code does not touch the
// filesystem.
//
// An empty storage_key is rejected. The column is NOT NULL but "" passes
// that constraint, and a row with no key is a live attachment the registry
// cannot resolve: it fails at download time, long after the insert, with
// nothing to point at. The cross-backend arm of PlanAttachmentCopy emits
// exactly that shape deliberately — StorageKey blank until the caller
// transfers the bytes and writes back Put's key — so this guard is what
// turns "the caller must Put first" from a comment into an invariant.
func (s *Store) CreateAttachment(a *models.Attachment) error {
	return s.createAttachmentOn(s.db, a)
}

// CreateAttachmentTx inserts an attachment row inside an existing transaction.
//
// It exists for the cross-workspace copy (PLAN-2357 / DR-9 / DR-11), which has
// to write the clone rows in the SAME transaction as the destination item —
// otherwise a rollback after the self-committing CreateAttachment leaves live
// attachment rows in workspace B pointing at an item that never existed, and a
// failure between the two leaves the copied body's rewritten refs dangling.
// RecordItemWorkspaceMoveTx is the shape this follows.
//
// Identical semantics to CreateAttachment, including the empty-storage_key
// refusal and the "stamp now() when CreatedAt is zero" rule that
// AttachmentCopyRow relies on (its rows carry a deliberately zero CreatedAt).
// Ordering is the caller's contract: attachments has no parent_id foreign key,
// so nothing stops a variant being inserted before its original — insert
// AttachmentCopyPlan.Rows in the order the planner emitted them.
func (s *Store) CreateAttachmentTx(tx *sql.Tx, a *models.Attachment) error {
	return s.createAttachmentOn(tx, a)
}

// ErrAttachmentParentItemGone reports that the item an attachment is being
// written against is no longer a live item of the attachment's workspace —
// archived, hard-gone, or never in this workspace at all.
//
// It is a caller-facing sentinel, not an internal failure: handlers turn it
// into the same not-found response every other attachment denial writes, so
// it must not be wrapped in a way that hides it from errors.Is.
var ErrAttachmentParentItemGone = errors.New("attachment parent item is not live in this workspace")

// CreateAttachmentForLiveItem inserts an attachment row, refusing when its
// item_id does not name a LIVE item of the same workspace — re-checked and
// pinned inside the insert's own transaction.
//
// Why a transaction rather than a check in the handler (PLAN-2391 DR-14):
// producing an attachment is check-then-work. A handler that validates the
// parent up front and inserts afterwards leaves a window — item deletion
// commits in a separate transaction (DeleteItem) and can land in the middle,
// so the insert writes a quota-counted live row hanging off an item that is
// already archived, whose bytes the read gate (DR-13) then refuses to serve.
// Locking the item row for the duration of the insert closes the window
// instead of narrowing it.
//
// Postgres takes the row lock with FOR NO KEY UPDATE; a concurrent DeleteItem
// blocks on it and, once this transaction commits, its UPDATE ... WHERE
// deleted_at IS NULL still matches, so archival is delayed but never lost. In
// the other interleaving DeleteItem commits first, and the re-read —
// re-evaluated after the lock is released — no longer matches the deleted_at
// IS NULL predicate, so this call fails closed.
//
// FOR NO KEY UPDATE rather than FOR UPDATE: it is the exact strength needed
// and no more. DeleteItem's UPDATE touches no key column, so Postgres takes
// FOR NO KEY UPDATE for it, and two FOR NO KEY UPDATE holders conflict — the
// archival still blocks. What it does NOT block is FOR KEY SHARE, the lock an
// INSERT into any of the many tables with a `REFERENCES items(id)` foreign key
// takes on the parent row (comments, stars, the Yjs op-log — the last of which
// writes continuously while someone is editing the item). Plain FOR UPDATE
// would stall those for the duration of this transaction to buy nothing.
//
// SQLite skips the lock: its DSN sets _txlock=immediate, so every db.Begin()
// is a BEGIN IMMEDIATE and writers already serialize, and the row-locking
// clause is a syntax error there — the dialect gate is not an optimization.
//
// An orphan row (nil/empty ItemID) has no parent to pin and takes the plain
// insert path, identical to CreateAttachment.
func (s *Store) CreateAttachmentForLiveItem(a *models.Attachment) error {
	if a.ItemID == nil || *a.ItemID == "" {
		return s.createAttachmentOn(s.db, a)
	}

	tx, err := s.db.Begin()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("begin create attachment tx: %w", err)
	}
	defer tx.Rollback() // no-op after Commit

	query := `SELECT workspace_id FROM items WHERE id = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL`
	if s.dialect.Driver() == DriverPostgres {
		query += ` FOR NO KEY UPDATE`
	}
	var itemWorkspaceID string
	switch err := tx.QueryRow(s.q(query), *a.ItemID).Scan(&itemWorkspaceID); {
	case err == sql.ErrNoRows:
		// Missing or archived — indistinguishable on purpose.
		return ErrAttachmentParentItemGone
	case err != nil:
		return fmt.Errorf("lock attachment parent item: %w", err)
	}
	// Workspace identity is part of the invariant, not a redundant check:
	// attachments.item_id carries no FK or same-workspace constraint, so a
	// malformed association naming a live item in ANOTHER workspace would
	// otherwise pass the liveness re-check and write a cross-workspace row.
	if itemWorkspaceID != a.WorkspaceID {
		return ErrAttachmentParentItemGone
	}

	if err := s.createAttachmentOn(tx, a); err != nil {
		return err
	}

	// The choke point (SPEC-3 / TASK-2658): attachment.added, written in the
	// same transaction as the row and under the same parent-item lock, so the
	// event cannot outlive a refused insert.
	//
	// GATED TO USER-VISIBLE ORIGINALS, and the gate is the whole subtlety
	// here. Variants are ATTACHMENT ROWS too — a thumbnail carries ParentID
	// plus Variant "thumb-sm"/"thumb-md" (models.Attachment) — so an ungated
	// emit fires three attachment.added events for one image upload, two of
	// them announcing files no user added and no binding wants. A derived row
	// always has a parent, so "no parent, and not a non-original variant" is
	// the test.
	//
	// What this deliberately still ADMITS: a transform output (rotate/crop),
	// which is a new top-level attachment with no ParentID — a user did add
	// it, it is independently addressable, and calling it derived would be a
	// judgment about provenance the row itself does not make.
	if a.ParentID == nil && (a.Variant == nil || *a.Variant == models.AttachmentVariantOriginal) {
		if err := s.emitAttachmentEventTx(tx, kernelevents.AttachmentAdded, a); err != nil {
			return err
		}
	}
	return tx.Commit()
}

// createAttachmentOn is the shared insert body, parameterized over the pool or
// a transaction so CreateAttachment and CreateAttachmentTx cannot drift.
func (s *Store) createAttachmentOn(ex sqlExecer, a *models.Attachment) error {
	if a.StorageKey == "" {
		return fmt.Errorf("create attachment: storage_key is required (write the blob via AttachmentStore.Put first)")
	}
	if a.ID == "" {
		a.ID = newID()
	}
	ts := now()
	if a.CreatedAt.IsZero() {
		a.CreatedAt = parseTime(ts)
	} else {
		ts = a.CreatedAt.UTC().Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05Z07:00")
	}

	_, err := ex.Exec(s.q(`
		INSERT INTO attachments (`+attachmentColumns+`)
		VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
	`),
		a.ID, a.WorkspaceID, a.ItemID, a.UploadedBy, a.StorageKey, a.ContentHash,
		a.MimeType, a.SizeBytes, a.Filename, a.Width, a.Height,
		a.ParentID, a.Variant, ts, nil,
	)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("create attachment: %w", err)
	}
	return nil
}

// GetAttachment returns the attachment with the given id, or (nil, nil)
// if no such row exists. Soft-deleted rows ARE returned (so download
// handlers can distinguish "deleted" from "never existed" and return a
// 410 instead of a 404 if they want to in the future); callers that
// want only live rows should check a.DeletedAt.
func (s *Store) GetAttachment(id string) (*models.Attachment, error) {
	a, err := scanAttachment(s.db.QueryRow(s.q(`
		SELECT `+attachmentColumns+` FROM attachments WHERE id = ?
	`), id))
	if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
		return nil, nil
	}
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get attachment: %w", err)
	}
	return a, nil
}

// GetAttachmentVariant returns the derived attachment row for parentID
// with the given variant key (e.g. "thumb-sm"), or (nil, nil) if no such
// row exists. Used by the download handler when a client passes
// ?variant=thumb-sm — TASK-878 will populate these rows; TASK-872
// implements the lookup so the handler degrades gracefully when no
// thumbnail exists yet.
//
// workspaceID scopes the lookup (PLAN-2391 DR-16). parent_id has no FK or
// same-workspace constraint, so a variant row in workspace B can carry a
// parent_id belonging to workspace A — the copy planner demonstrates that
// shape (internal/store/attachments_copy_plan_test.go). Without the scope,
// the download handler authorizes A's original and then serves B's child,
// which defeats the entire item-visibility gate. The scope lives here rather
// than in the handler because the OTHER caller — thumbnail derivation — has
// its own stake in it: an unscoped "does this variant already exist?" probe
// would let a foreign row suppress generation of a legitimate local one.
func (s *Store) GetAttachmentVariant(workspaceID, parentID, variant string) (*models.Attachment, error) {
	a, err := scanAttachment(s.db.QueryRow(s.q(`
		SELECT `+attachmentColumns+` FROM attachments
		WHERE workspace_id = ? AND parent_id = ? AND variant = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL
		LIMIT 1
	`), workspaceID, parentID, variant))
	if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
		return nil, nil
	}
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("get attachment variant: %w", err)
	}
	return a, nil
}

// AttachmentListFilters narrow the WorkspaceAttachments result set.
// Zero values mean "no filter on this dimension". The handler turns
// query-string parameters into this struct so the SQL builder stays
// pure and unit-testable.
type AttachmentListFilters struct {
	// MimeCategory restricts to a single MIME category bucket
	// (matches attachments.Category — "image", "document", etc.).
	// Empty = all categories. Translated to MIME predicates per
	// mimePredicateForCategory; categories without a clean prefix
	// (document, text, archive, other) use an explicit IN list.
	MimeCategory string

	// Attached restricts to attachments associated with an item.
	Attached bool

	// Unattached restricts to orphan attachments (item_id IS NULL).
	// Mutually exclusive with Attached — handler validates upstream.
	Unattached bool

	// ItemID restricts to attachments whose parent item has this
	// UUID. Empty = no per-item filter. Mutually exclusive with
	// Unattached (an orphan can't match a specific item) — handler
	// validates upstream. Used by `pad attachment list --item REF`
	// after the CLI resolves a TASK-5-style ref to its UUID.
	ItemID string

	// CollectionID restricts to attachments belonging to items in
	// this collection. Empty = no collection filter.
	CollectionID string

	// Sort field. Accepts "size", "filename", "created_at" with an
	// optional " desc" suffix. Empty = "created_at desc" (newest first).
	Sort string

	// Limit caps the page size. Clamped to [1, 200] by the handler.
	Limit int

	// Offset pages forward. Combined with Limit + Total for the UI's
	// classic page navigator. Negative values clamped to 0.
	Offset int

	// Restricted, FullCollectionIDs, GrantedItemIDs together encode
	// per-user collection + item visibility. When Restricted is true
	// the list filters to attachments whose parent item is either
	// in one of FullCollectionIDs or has its id in GrantedItemIDs.
	// Orphans (item_id IS NULL) are excluded from restricted views
	// so a member who only sees one collection can't enumerate
	// filenames of unattached uploads from collections they don't
	// have access to.
	//
	// Restricted=false → no filter (admin / full-access member).
	// Restricted=true with empty Full+Granted → zero rows.
	// Restricted=true with one or both populated → SQL OR of the
	//   two predicates.
	//
	// Mirrors the (fullCollIDs, grantedItemIDs) tuple returned by
	// Server.guestResourceFilter — keep the semantics in sync.
	Restricted        bool
	FullCollectionIDs []string
	GrantedItemIDs    []string
}

// AttachmentListItem is a row from WorkspaceAttachments enriched with
// the parent item's title + slug + collection slug so the UI can render
// a clickable link without a follow-up GET. Item fields are nullable
// for orphan rows.
//
// URL construction: the item route is /{user}/{ws}/{collection_slug}/{item_slug},
// so the UI uses ItemSlug — never a synthetic "TASK-5"-style ref. The
// ref shape isn't 1:1 with the route, and exposing it here led to a
// double-collection-slug bug in an earlier draft.
//
// ItemDeleted is true when the parent item exists but has been soft-
// deleted. The row is still surfaced because the bytes still consume
// quota; the UI uses the flag to render "(deleted)" instead of a
// clickable link to a 404'd item.
type AttachmentListItem struct {
	models.Attachment
	ItemTitle      *string `json:"item_title,omitempty"`
	ItemSlug       *string `json:"item_slug,omitempty"`
	ItemDeleted    bool    `json:"item_deleted,omitempty"`
	CollectionSlug *string `json:"collection_slug,omitempty"`
}

// allowedAttachmentSorts pins the columns + directions the list
// endpoint accepts, so a hand-crafted sort= query can't smuggle in
// arbitrary SQL. Map values are the literal SQL fragment we splice in.
var allowedAttachmentSorts = map[string]string{
	"size":            "a.size_bytes ASC",
	"size_desc":       "a.size_bytes DESC",
	"filename":        "a.filename ASC",
	"filename_desc":   "a.filename DESC",
	"created_at":      "a.created_at ASC",
	"created_at_desc": "a.created_at DESC",
}

// mimePredicateForCategory maps an attachments.Category value to a
// SQL fragment + matching argument list that selects all MIMEs in
// that bucket. Categories with a clean type prefix (image/, video/,
// audio/) use a LIKE; the rest use an explicit IN list mirroring
// the entries in internal/attachments/mime.go.
//
// Returns (frag, args, true) when the category is known. The frag
// uses ? placeholders that the caller splices into the WHERE. ok=false
// for unknown categories — caller must skip the filter so the UI
// shows everything rather than zero rows for typos.
//
// Keep the literal MIME lists in lockstep with internal/attachments/
// mime.go: any time a new MIME is added to the allowlist there, mirror
// it here so the Settings → Storage filter stays useful.
func mimePredicateForCategory(category string) (frag string, args []any, ok bool) {
	switch category {
	case "image":
		return "a.mime_type LIKE ?", []any{"image/%"}, true
	case "video":
		return "a.mime_type LIKE ?", []any{"video/%"}, true
	case "audio":
		return "a.mime_type LIKE ?", []any{"audio/%"}, true
	case "document":
		return mimeInPredicate([]string{
			"application/pdf",
			"application/msword",
			"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document",
			"application/vnd.ms-excel",
			"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
			"application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
			"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation",
			"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text",
			"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet",
			"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation",
			"application/rtf",
		})
	case "text":
		return mimeInPredicate([]string{
			"text/plain", "text/markdown", "text/csv", "text/tab-separated-values",
			"application/json", "application/xml", "text/xml",
			"application/yaml", "text/yaml", "application/toml",
			"text/html", "text/javascript", "application/javascript",
		})
	case "archive":
		return mimeInPredicate([]string{
			"application/zip", "application/x-tar", "application/gzip",
			"application/x-bzip2", "application/x-7z-compressed",
		})
	case "other":
		// "Other" is the negation of every named bucket. Easier to
		// build by exclusion: NOT in the union of all known MIMEs.
		// Listing the categories explicitly keeps this in lockstep
		// with the named buckets above without a second source of
		// truth.
		all := []string{
			"application/pdf", "application/msword",
			"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document",
			"application/vnd.ms-excel",
			"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet",
			"application/vnd.ms-powerpoint",
			"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation",
			"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.text",
			"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.spreadsheet",
			"application/vnd.oasis.opendocument.presentation",
			"application/rtf",
			"text/plain", "text/markdown", "text/csv", "text/tab-separated-values",
			"application/json", "application/xml", "text/xml",
			"application/yaml", "text/yaml", "application/toml",
			"text/html", "text/javascript", "application/javascript",
			"application/zip", "application/x-tar", "application/gzip",
			"application/x-bzip2", "application/x-7z-compressed",
		}
		placeholders := make([]string, len(all))
		args := make([]any, len(all))
		for i, m := range all {
			placeholders[i] = "?"
			args[i] = m
		}
		frag := "a.mime_type NOT LIKE 'image/%' AND a.mime_type NOT LIKE 'video/%' AND a.mime_type NOT LIKE 'audio/%' AND a.mime_type NOT IN (" + strings.Join(placeholders, ",") + ")"
		return frag, args, true
	}
	return "", nil, false
}

// mimeInPredicate builds a `a.mime_type IN (?,?,...)` fragment with
// matching args. Helper used by mimePredicateForCategory for the
// non-prefix categories.
func mimeInPredicate(mimes []string) (string, []any, bool) {
	placeholders := make([]string, len(mimes))
	args := make([]any, len(mimes))
	for i, m := range mimes {
		placeholders[i] = "?"
		args[i] = m
	}
	return "a.mime_type IN (" + strings.Join(placeholders, ",") + ")", args, true
}

// WorkspaceAttachments lists original (non-derived) attachments in a
// workspace, with optional filtering + sorting + pagination. Returns
// the page rows and the total count of matching rows so the UI can
// render a paginator without a second round-trip.
//
// Intentionally hides derived blobs (thumbnails — rows where
// parent_id IS NOT NULL): they're managed automatically and showing
// them in the list would clutter the page with rows the user didn't
// upload. They still count against storage quota via
// WorkspaceStorageUsage; the totals match the bar even when the list
// shows only originals.
//
// LEFT JOIN to items + collections gives the UI everything it needs
// to render an "in [[Task X]]" link. Soft-deleted items are returned
// with item fields nulled out — the attachment is still visible
// (a deleted item could still be restored), but the link target
// isn't reachable.
//
// Both joins are scoped to the attachment's own workspace, so an
// attachment whose item_id points at another workspace's item lists
// with NULL item/collection metadata rather than leaking a foreign
// title (TASK-2399). The row itself still lists — it consumes quota
// and must remain visible and repairable.
func (s *Store) WorkspaceAttachments(workspaceID string, filters AttachmentListFilters) ([]AttachmentListItem, int, error) {
	// Build the WHERE clause incrementally. Every branch parameter
	// goes through the placeholder slice — no string concatenation of
	// user input. Sort is the only user-controllable splice and it
	// goes through the allowedAttachmentSorts allowlist.
	var conds []string
	var args []any

	conds = append(conds, "a.workspace_id = ?")
	args = append(args, workspaceID)
	conds = append(conds, "a.deleted_at IS NULL")
	conds = append(conds, "a.parent_id IS NULL") // hide derived blobs

	if filters.Attached {
		conds = append(conds, "a.item_id IS NOT NULL")
	}
	if filters.Unattached {
		conds = append(conds, "a.item_id IS NULL")
	}
	if filters.ItemID != "" {
		conds = append(conds, "a.item_id = ?")
		args = append(args, filters.ItemID)
	}
	if frag, mimeArgs, ok := mimePredicateForCategory(filters.MimeCategory); ok {
		conds = append(conds, frag)
		args = append(args, mimeArgs...)
	}
	if filters.CollectionID != "" {
		conds = append(conds, "i.collection_id = ?")
		args = append(args, filters.CollectionID)
	}

	// Collection + item-level visibility enforcement. Two sources of
	// access: collections the user can see in full (FullCollectionIDs)
	// and individual items granted to them (GrantedItemIDs). The
	// predicate ORs them so an item-grant in a hidden collection still
	// resolves; orphans (item_id IS NULL) are excluded entirely so a
	// restricted user can't enumerate orphan filenames.
	//
	// Restricted=false → no filter (admin / full-access member).
	// Restricted=true with both lists empty → zero rows.
	if filters.Restricted {
		var ors []string
		if len(filters.FullCollectionIDs) > 0 {
			ph := make([]string, len(filters.FullCollectionIDs))
			for i, id := range filters.FullCollectionIDs {
				ph[i] = "?"
				args = append(args, id)
			}
			ors = append(ors, "i.collection_id IN ("+strings.Join(ph, ",")+")")
		}
		if len(filters.GrantedItemIDs) > 0 {
			ph := make([]string, len(filters.GrantedItemIDs))
			for i, id := range filters.GrantedItemIDs {
				ph[i] = "?"
				args = append(args, id)
			}
			ors = append(ors, "a.item_id IN ("+strings.Join(ph, ",")+")")
		}
		if len(ors) == 0 {
			conds = append(conds, "1 = 0")
		} else {
			conds = append(conds, "("+strings.Join(ors, " OR ")+")")
		}
	}

	where := strings.Join(conds, " AND ")

	// Count total before applying limit/offset so the UI can render
	// "showing 1–25 of 312".
	//
	// The items LEFT JOIN intentionally does NOT filter on
	// items.deleted_at — attachments survive a soft-deleted parent
	// (they still consume quota), so the storage list must surface
	// them and the collection-level visibility predicate
	// (i.collection_id IN ...) must keep working. The handler's
	// delete path uses GetItemIncludeDeleted for the same reason.
	//
	// The workspace predicate belongs in the ON clause, NOT in WHERE:
	// in WHERE the LEFT JOIN degenerates into an inner join and a row
	// whose item_id points at another workspace's item would vanish
	// from the listing entirely — hiding quota-consuming rows and
	// making them unrepairable. In ON, a mismatched parent simply
	// yields NULL item metadata and the row survives (TASK-2399).
	var total int
	if err := s.db.QueryRow(s.q(`
		SELECT COUNT(*) FROM attachments a
		LEFT JOIN items i ON i.id = a.item_id AND i.workspace_id = a.workspace_id
		WHERE `+where), args...).Scan(&total); err != nil {
		return nil, 0, fmt.Errorf("count workspace attachments: %w", err)
	}

	orderBy, ok := allowedAttachmentSorts[filters.Sort]
	if !ok {
		orderBy = "a.created_at DESC" // sensible default — newest first
	}

	limit := filters.Limit
	if limit <= 0 {
		limit = 50
	}
	if limit > 200 {
		limit = 200
	}
	offset := filters.Offset
	if offset < 0 {
		offset = 0
	}

	// Column list is the same as attachmentColumns but prefixed with
	// `a.` so SQLite doesn't choke on the ambiguous `id` shared with
	// the joined items table.
	const aliasedAttachmentColumns = `a.id, a.workspace_id, a.item_id, a.uploaded_by, a.storage_key, a.content_hash,
		a.mime_type, a.size_bytes, a.filename, a.width, a.height, a.parent_id, a.variant, a.created_at, a.deleted_at`

	// Same rationale as the count query above: include soft-deleted
	// parent items so the row is still visible for users who would
	// be allowed to see the live item, and so the collection-level
	// ACL predicate sees a non-NULL i.collection_id. The response
	// surfaces deleted_at on the joined item via item_deleted so the
	// UI can render a "(deleted)" tag instead of a clickable link.
	//
	// Same workspace scoping as the count query above, and for the
	// same reason — the two must stay consistent or a restricted
	// user's count would diverge from their results. Collections are
	// reached through the now-scoped item join, so a foreign parent
	// nulls out the collection columns too.
	//
	// The collections join carries its own workspace predicate as
	// well: items.collection_id has no composite workspace foreign
	// key (migrations/005_collections.sql), so an item can reference
	// a collection in another workspace and would otherwise surface
	// that collection's slug/name here. Same ON-clause rule — a
	// mismatch nulls the collection columns, it does not drop the
	// row.
	q := `
		SELECT ` + aliasedAttachmentColumns + `,
		       i.title, i.slug, i.deleted_at,
		       c.slug, c.name
		FROM attachments a
		LEFT JOIN items i       ON i.id = a.item_id AND i.workspace_id = a.workspace_id
		LEFT JOIN collections c ON c.id = i.collection_id AND c.workspace_id = i.workspace_id
		WHERE ` + where + `
		ORDER BY ` + orderBy + `
		LIMIT ? OFFSET ?`

	args = append(args, limit, offset)
	rows, err := s.db.Query(s.q(q), args...)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, 0, fmt.Errorf("list workspace attachments: %w", err)
	}
	defer rows.Close()

	var out []AttachmentListItem
	for rows.Next() {
		var a models.Attachment
		var itemID, parentID, variant, deletedAt *string
		var width, height *int
		var createdAt string

		// Item + collection columns from the LEFT JOIN. All nullable.
		var itemTitle, itemSlug, itemDeletedAt *string
		var collSlug, collName *string

		if err := rows.Scan(
			&a.ID, &a.WorkspaceID, &itemID, &a.UploadedBy, &a.StorageKey, &a.ContentHash,
			&a.MimeType, &a.SizeBytes, &a.Filename, &width, &height,
			&parentID, &variant, &createdAt, &deletedAt,
			&itemTitle, &itemSlug, &itemDeletedAt,
			&collSlug, &collName,
		); err != nil {
			return nil, 0, fmt.Errorf("scan workspace attachment: %w", err)
		}
		a.ItemID = itemID
		a.ParentID = parentID
		a.Variant = variant
		a.Width = width
		a.Height = height
		a.CreatedAt = parseTime(createdAt)
		a.DeletedAt = parseTimePtr(deletedAt)

		row := AttachmentListItem{Attachment: a}
		if itemTitle != nil {
			row.ItemTitle = itemTitle
		}
		if itemSlug != nil {
			row.ItemSlug = itemSlug
		}
		if itemDeletedAt != nil && *itemDeletedAt != "" {
			row.ItemDeleted = true
		}
		if collSlug != nil {
			row.CollectionSlug = collSlug
		}
		out = append(out, row)
	}
	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
		return nil, 0, fmt.Errorf("iterate workspace attachments: %w", err)
	}
	return out, total, nil
}

// OrphanedAttachments returns rows eligible for orphan GC reclamation
// (TASK-886). Two cases qualify:
//
//   - Never-attached uploads: item_id IS NULL AND deleted_at IS NULL
//     AND created_at < grace cutoff. The editor uploads first and
//     PATCHes the item content second; a tab-close in between leaves
//     a row in this state. 30 days is comfortable headroom for that
//     race plus any deferred-attachment workflow we add later.
//
//   - Soft-deleted past grace: deleted_at IS NOT NULL AND
//     deleted_at < grace cutoff. Delete handlers tombstone rows
//     immediately so undelete is possible; GC reclaims after the
//     grace period.
//
// Both filters compare the timestamp column (TEXT, ISO 8601 UTC)
// against the cutoff string lexicographically — UTC RFC3339 collates
// in chronological order without parsing. The cutoff is computed by
// the caller so tests can inject a deterministic time.
//
// Returned rows include thumbnail variants (parent_id != NULL) when
// they meet either criterion — soft-deleting an original cascades
// to its thumbnails (SoftDeleteAttachment), so they all share the
// same deleted_at and reach the GC together.
func (s *Store) OrphanedAttachments(graceCutoff time.Time) ([]models.Attachment, error) {
	cutoffStr := graceCutoff.UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
	rows, err := s.db.Query(s.q(`
		SELECT `+attachmentColumns+`
		FROM attachments
		WHERE
		  (item_id IS NULL AND deleted_at IS NULL AND created_at < ?)
		  OR
		  (deleted_at IS NOT NULL AND deleted_at < ?)
		  OR
		  (deleted_at IS NULL AND parent_id IS NOT NULL AND NOT EXISTS (
		    SELECT 1 FROM attachments p
		    WHERE p.id = attachments.parent_id
		      AND p.workspace_id = attachments.workspace_id
		      AND p.deleted_at IS NULL
		  ))
		ORDER BY created_at, id
	`), cutoffStr, cutoffStr)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("orphaned attachments: %w", err)
	}
	defer rows.Close()

	var out []models.Attachment
	for rows.Next() {
		a, err := scanAttachment(rows)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("scan orphan: %w", err)
		}
		out = append(out, *a)
	}
	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iterate orphans: %w", err)
	}
	return out, nil
}

// HardDeleteAttachment removes the attachments row outright. Never call
// from a request handler — soft-delete is the safe default for
// user-facing flows. The orphan GC no longer uses it (BUG-2415): its
// row deletions go through the conditional Claim* methods below so the
// delete itself is the atomic claim.
func (s *Store) HardDeleteAttachment(id string) error {
	_, err := s.db.Exec(s.q(`DELETE FROM attachments WHERE id = ?`), id)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("hard delete attachment: %w", err)
	}
	return nil
}

// stampAttachmentRefsTx bumps attachments.last_referenced_at for every
// `pad-attachment:<id>` reference found in the given texts, inside the
// caller's transaction (BUG-2415). Content writers call this alongside
// their content/fields/body write so the stamp commits atomically with
// the reference: either both are visible to the GC sweep's conditional
// claim, or neither is.
//
// Scoped to the workspace so a pasted foreign-workspace reference can't
// refresh another workspace's rows. Unknown / already-deleted ids simply
// match zero rows. Errors are returned, not swallowed: on Postgres any
// failed statement poisons the transaction anyway, and a save whose
// stamp did not commit would not be protected — failing the save is the
// honest outcome.
//
// ORDERING (codex round 3): call this BEFORE the content statement, as
// early in the writer transaction as the texts are known. On Postgres
// the stamp UPDATE row-locks the attachment rows for the rest of the
// transaction, so a concurrent GC claim DELETE blocks until commit and
// then re-evaluates its predicate against the fresh stamp — refusing.
// Stamping late would leave a window where the claim slips between the
// content write and the stamp. Two residuals, both accepted and
// bounded: (1) the claim COMMITTING before the writer's stamp executes
// at all — the row is gone, the stamp matches zero rows, and the
// committed text carries a dangling ref, the same outcome as
// referencing any already-deleted attachment; deliberately NOT turned
// into a save failure because zero-rows also describes legitimate
// unknown / foreign / typo ids. (2) a writer transaction whose
// stamp-to-commit span EXCEEDS orphanGCRefStaleWindow — the stamp is
// already stale when a blocked claim re-evaluates, so the window's
// sizing (see its comment) is what bounds this case, not the lock
// (codex round 4 P2).
func stampAttachmentRefsTx(tx *sql.Tx, s *Store, workspaceID string, texts ...string) error {
	if workspaceID == "" {
		return nil
	}
	seen := map[string]struct{}{}
	ids := make([]string, 0, 4)
	for _, text := range texts {
		if text == "" || !strings.Contains(text, attachmentRefPrefix) {
			continue
		}
		for _, m := range attachmentRefRE.FindAllStringSubmatch(text, -1) {
			id := m[1]
			if _, dup := seen[id]; dup {
				continue
			}
			seen[id] = struct{}{}
			ids = append(ids, id)
		}
	}
	if len(ids) == 0 {
		return nil
	}
	// Chunked like the attachment-copy planner's id walks: a hostile
	// payload can carry thousands of refs, and an unbounded IN list
	// would blow the bind-parameter limit and roll back the whole
	// write (codex round 3 P2).
	const stampChunk = 400
	ts := time.Now().UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
	for start := 0; start < len(ids); start += stampChunk {
		end := start + stampChunk
		if end > len(ids) {
			end = len(ids)
		}
		chunk := ids[start:end]
		placeholders := make([]string, len(chunk))
		args := make([]interface{}, 0, 2*len(chunk)+2)
		args = append(args, ts, workspaceID)
		for i, id := range chunk {
			placeholders[i] = "?"
			args = append(args, id)
		}
		for _, id := range chunk {
			args = append(args, id)
		}
		in := strings.Join(placeholders, ",")
		// `parent_id IN (...)` stamps (and on Postgres, ROW-LOCKS) the
		// referenced originals' VARIANTS too: a variant's claim DELETE
		// only re-evaluates predicates on the row it deletes, so a
		// fresh stamp on the parent alone cannot make a concurrently
		// claimed thumbnail wait — locking the variant row itself does
		// (codex round 4 P1). The claim's parent NOT EXISTS stays as
		// the belt for variants created AFTER the stamp landed.
		if _, err := tx.Exec(s.q(
			`UPDATE attachments SET last_referenced_at = ? WHERE workspace_id = ? AND (id IN (`+
				in+`) OR parent_id IN (`+in+`))`), args...); err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("stamp attachment refs: %w", err)
		}
	}
	return nil
}

// ClaimNeverAttachedAttachment is the orphan GC's atomic claim for a
// never-attached row (BUG-2415): a conditional DELETE that re-asserts
// the row is still unattached, still live, and has no FRESH reference
// stamp — all inside the delete statement itself, so a writer's
// in-transaction stamp (stampAttachmentRefsTx) and this delete
// serialize at the database: whichever commits first wins, and the
// loser observes it (the writer's stamp matches zero rows, or this
// claim deletes zero rows).
//
// Returns whether the row was claimed (deleted). The caller must
// reclaim the blob ONLY on a true return — row-before-bytes is the
// ordering that makes a surviving row imply surviving bytes.
//
// A true return is IRREVOCABLE: the row and its metadata are gone, so
// no later recovery surface (PLAN-2411/PLAN-2416) can restore this
// attachment or retry a failed blob delete — the caller's retained
// StorageKey is the only remaining handle for operator cleanup.
//
// refCutoff bounds stamp freshness: a stamp at-or-after it refuses the
// claim. The content LIKE scan (AttachmentReferenced) still runs before
// this in the sweep, so the stamp only needs to cover references that
// landed AFTER that scan — the window is sized in orphan_gc.go, not
// here.
//
// Variants: content references an ORIGINAL's id, so stamps land on the
// parent row — a fresh PARENT stamp refuses the variant's claim too
// (the NOT EXISTS below). A parent already claimed in the same sweep
// has no row, so its variants claim normally, which is correct: a
// legitimately reclaimed original takes its thumbnails with it.
func (s *Store) ClaimNeverAttachedAttachment(id string, refCutoff time.Time) (bool, error) {
	cutoff := refCutoff.UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
	res, err := s.db.Exec(s.q(`
		DELETE FROM attachments
		WHERE id = ?
		  AND item_id IS NULL
		  AND deleted_at IS NULL
		  AND (last_referenced_at IS NULL OR last_referenced_at < ?)
		  AND NOT EXISTS (
		    SELECT 1 FROM attachments p
		    WHERE p.id = attachments.parent_id
		      AND p.last_referenced_at >= ?
		  )
	`), id, cutoff, cutoff)
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("claim never-attached attachment: %w", err)
	}
	n, err := res.RowsAffected()
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("claim never-attached attachment rows: %w", err)
	}
	return n == 1, nil
}

// ClaimOrphanedVariantAttachment is the orphan GC's atomic claim for a
// LIVE variant row whose parent original is tombstoned or gone
// (BUG-2388) — the leak artifact of the old non-transactional delete
// cascade racing thumbnail derivation, and the retro-cleanup for rows
// already leaked. The DELETE re-asserts the whole shape at delete
// time: still live, still a variant, and the parent still NOT live —
// so a parent restore committing first makes this match zero rows and
// the variant survives (a restored original keeps its thumbnails).
// Same row-before-bytes and irrevocability contract as the other
// Claim methods.
func (s *Store) ClaimOrphanedVariantAttachment(id string) (bool, error) {
	// Transaction + parent row-lock so a concurrent RESTORE (clearing
	// the parent's deleted_at) serializes with this claim instead of
	// racing its NOT EXISTS snapshot (codex round 1 P1): restore commits
	// first → the locked re-read sees a live parent and the claim
	// refuses; claim commits first → the restore proceeds against a
	// parent whose thumbnail is gone (regenerable state, consistent
	// order). SQLite serializes writers via _txlock=immediate; the lock
	// clause is Postgres-only, same dialect gate as its siblings.
	tx, err := s.db.Begin()
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("begin variant claim tx: %w", err)
	}
	defer tx.Rollback()

	var parentID *string
	var workspaceID string
	if err := tx.QueryRow(s.q(`SELECT parent_id, workspace_id FROM attachments WHERE id = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL`), id).Scan(&parentID, &workspaceID); err != nil {
		if errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows) {
			return false, nil // already gone / tombstoned
		}
		return false, fmt.Errorf("read variant row: %w", err)
	}
	if parentID == nil || *parentID == "" {
		return false, nil // not a variant
	}
	// SAME-WORKSPACE parents only (BUG-2622), matching the candidate
	// SELECT's scope: a parent_id resolving into another workspace is
	// malformed data (no FK, no same-workspace constraint — the class
	// PLAN-2397 repairs), and per DR-11a's rule one level down a foreign
	// row is not a legitimate parent, so it must not shield the variant
	// from this class. ErrNoRows therefore covers hard-gone AND foreign
	// alike, and a foreign parent's restore needs no serialization here —
	// its liveness is irrelevant to this row either way.
	lockQ := `SELECT deleted_at FROM attachments WHERE id = ? AND workspace_id = ?`
	if s.dialect.Driver() == DriverPostgres {
		lockQ += ` FOR NO KEY UPDATE`
	}
	var parentDeletedAt *string
	switch err := tx.QueryRow(s.q(lockQ), *parentID, workspaceID).Scan(&parentDeletedAt); {
	case errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows):
		// Parent hard-gone or foreign — the variant is orphaned; claim below.
	case err != nil:
		return false, fmt.Errorf("lock variant parent: %w", err)
	default:
		if parentDeletedAt == nil {
			// Parent is LIVE (e.g. restored between the candidate
			// SELECT and this claim) — refuse.
			return false, nil
		}
	}

	res, err := tx.Exec(s.q(`
		DELETE FROM attachments
		WHERE id = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL
	`), id)
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("claim orphaned variant attachment: %w", err)
	}
	n, err := res.RowsAffected()
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("claim orphaned variant rows: %w", err)
	}
	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("commit variant claim: %w", err)
	}
	return n == 1, nil
}

// ClaimSoftDeletedAttachment is the orphan GC's atomic claim for a
// soft-deleted row past its grace window (BUG-2415): the DELETE
// re-asserts deleted_at is still set and still past the cutoff at
// delete time, so a concurrent restore (which clears deleted_at)
// commits either before this — claim matches zero rows, row survives —
// or after — the restore's own predicate sees the row gone. Same
// row-before-bytes contract and same IRREVOCABILITY note as
// ClaimNeverAttachedAttachment: once true, no recovery surface can
// bring the row back.
// TASK-2658: a successful claim also emits the ref-only attachment.removed
// event, in the SAME transaction as the delete.
//
// Only THIS claim path emits, and the asymmetry with
// ClaimNeverAttachedAttachment is deliberate rather than an oversight. That
// one reclaims rows that were NEVER attached to an item, and attachment.added
// fires only for attachments written against a live item — so those rows never
// announced their arrival, and announcing their removal would hand a consumer
// a deletion for an id it has never seen.
//
// THE IMPLICATION RUNS ONE WAY ONLY, which is the whole reason the gate below
// exists. Never-attached implies never-announced: a row claimable by
// ClaimNeverAttachedAttachment has item_id IS NULL, no path anywhere sets
// attachments.item_id back to NULL on an existing row, and every birth path
// producing a NULL item_id (CreateAttachment, CreateAttachmentTx,
// CreateAttachmentForLiveItem's own orphan branch) is non-emitting.
//
// The CONVERSE is false: plenty of rows reach THIS path having never announced
// themselves — variants (written by the thumbnail/derivation paths and
// tombstoned by their original's cascade, so two per image upload), attachments
// cloned by a cross-workspace copy, and attachments created by workspace
// import.
//
// So the emit carries the SAME gate as attachment.added — a user-visible
// original, attached to an item — and the two are symmetric by construction
// rather than by argument. That closes the variant route, which is the
// systematic one.
//
// RESIDUE, stated because it is real: an import- or copy-created attachment
// still passes that gate while never having emitted an addition, so its removal
// announces a subject the consumer never saw. The failure mode is noise rather
// than harm — an unknown id in a delete is ignorable, where the reverse
// (announced, never retracted) would leave stale state — and the deeper cause
// is the deliberate silence of the import and copy paths, not this one. A soft-deleted row, by contrast, WAS
// attached and did emit, so its removal closes a loop the consumer is holding
// open.
//
// The transaction does not weaken the claim protocol (BUG-2415): the claim's
// conditionality lives entirely in the DELETE's WHERE clause, which is
// unchanged, and wrapping one conditional statement plus one INSERT in a
// transaction leaves the row-before-bytes contract and the IRREVOCABILITY note
// exactly as they were.
func (s *Store) ClaimSoftDeletedAttachment(id string, graceCutoff time.Time) (bool, error) {
	tx, err := s.db.Begin()
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("claim soft-deleted attachment: %w", err)
	}
	defer tx.Rollback()

	// Read the refs BEFORE the delete — afterwards there is no row to read
	// them from. A missing row is not an error here: it means another sweep
	// (or a restore) got there first, and the claim below will match zero rows
	// and report false, which is the existing contract.
	var workspaceID string
	var itemID, parentID, variant sql.NullString
	refsKnown := true
	switch err := tx.QueryRow(s.q(`SELECT workspace_id, item_id, parent_id, variant FROM attachments WHERE id = ?`), id).
		Scan(&workspaceID, &itemID, &parentID, &variant); {
	case errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows):
		refsKnown = false
	case err != nil:
		return false, fmt.Errorf("claim soft-deleted attachment refs: %w", err)
	}

	res, err := tx.Exec(s.q(`
		DELETE FROM attachments
		WHERE id = ?
		  AND deleted_at IS NOT NULL
		  AND deleted_at < ?
	`), id, graceCutoff.UTC().Format(time.RFC3339))
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("claim soft-deleted attachment: %w", err)
	}
	n, err := res.RowsAffected()
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("claim soft-deleted attachment rows: %w", err)
	}
	if n != 1 {
		// Nothing claimed: commit the (empty) transaction and report false,
		// preserving the existing contract exactly.
		if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
			return false, fmt.Errorf("claim soft-deleted attachment: %w", err)
		}
		return false, nil
	}

	// Same gate as attachment.added: a user-visible ORIGINAL attached to an
	// item. Symmetry by construction — if it could not have announced its
	// arrival, it does not announce its removal.
	announceable := refsKnown && itemID.Valid && itemID.String != "" &&
		!parentID.Valid && (!variant.Valid || variant.String == models.AttachmentVariantOriginal)
	if announceable {
		if err := s.emitRefOnlyDeletionTx(tx, kernelevents.AttachmentRemoved, workspaceID, id, itemID.String, ""); err != nil {
			return false, err
		}
	}
	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("claim soft-deleted attachment: %w", err)
	}
	return true, nil
}

// AttachmentHashesWithRows reports which of the given content hashes have
// at least one attachments row — in ANY state. Soft-deleted rows count,
// including ones already past the GC grace. That is deliberately BROADER
// than CountProtectingAttachmentsForHash, whose grace-window semantics end
// a row's protection when its own grace expires: the row-driven machinery
// may do that because its claim protocol (row before bytes, BUG-2415)
// coordinates row and blob fates within one sweep. The rowless sweep has
// no claim on any row and no such coordination, so it draws the simplest
// safe line instead — a hash with ANY row is that row's business, handled
// by the row sweep's own claim path within a tick; the rowless sweep
// (BUG-2406) takes only blobs NO row references.
//
// Chunked like the copy planner's lookups so a large listing cannot blow
// the host-parameter limit.
func (s *Store) AttachmentHashesWithRows(hashes []string) (map[string]bool, error) {
	out := make(map[string]bool, len(hashes))
	for _, chunk := range chunkStrings(hashes, attachmentPlanChunk) {
		args := make([]any, 0, len(chunk))
		for _, h := range chunk {
			args = append(args, h)
		}
		query := `SELECT DISTINCT content_hash FROM attachments
			WHERE content_hash IN (` + sqlPlaceholderList(len(chunk)) + `)`
		rows, err := s.db.Query(s.q(query), args...)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("attachment hashes with rows: %w", err)
		}
		for rows.Next() {
			var h string
			if err := rows.Scan(&h); err != nil {
				rows.Close()
				return nil, fmt.Errorf("attachment hashes with rows: %w", err)
			}
			out[h] = true
		}
		if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
			rows.Close()
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("attachment hashes with rows: %w", err)
		}
		rows.Close()
	}
	return out, nil
}

// AttachmentRowsExistForHash is the single-hash form of
// AttachmentHashesWithRows — the rowless-blob sweep's delete-time
// re-check, run under the in-flight mutex immediately before a blob
// delete so a row inserted after the batched subtraction still protects
// its bytes (see runRowlessBlobSweep's TOCTOU note).
func (s *Store) AttachmentRowsExistForHash(hash string) (bool, error) {
	var n int
	err := s.db.QueryRow(s.q(`SELECT COUNT(*) FROM attachments WHERE content_hash = ?`), hash).Scan(&n)
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("attachment rows exist for hash: %w", err)
	}
	return n > 0, nil
}

// CountProtectingAttachmentsForHash returns the number of rows
// pointing at the given content_hash whose presence requires the
// on-disk blob to stay. A row protects the blob when it is either:
//
//   - live (deleted_at IS NULL), or
//   - soft-deleted but still inside the grace window
//     (deleted_at >= graceCutoff)
//
// excludeID is the row currently being GC'd; we don't count it
// against itself. Codex P2 round 3 caught the earlier version's
// gap: counting only deleted_at IS NULL would have GC reclaim the
// blob from row A (soft-deleted 31d ago) even though row B is
// also soft-deleted but still 1 day old — within grace, so its
// blob must stay reachable until its own grace expires.
func (s *Store) CountProtectingAttachmentsForHash(hash, excludeID string, graceCutoff time.Time) (int, error) {
	var n int
	cutoff := graceCutoff.UTC().Format(time.RFC3339)
	err := s.db.QueryRow(s.q(`
		SELECT COUNT(*) FROM attachments
		WHERE content_hash = ? AND id <> ?
		  AND (deleted_at IS NULL OR deleted_at >= ?)
	`), hash, excludeID, cutoff).Scan(&n)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, fmt.Errorf("count protecting attachments for hash: %w", err)
	}
	return n, nil
}

// AttachmentReferenced returns true when anything in the workspace
// mentions "pad-attachment:<id>" — either a live item's content/fields
// JSON or a comment body. The editor and comment-composer upload flows
// both leave attachments.item_id NULL: the canonical association is the
// markdown reference inside the item's content or a comment, NOT a
// column in the attachments table — so the orphan GC has to look at
// that text directly before reclaiming a "never-attached" row,
// otherwise it'd hard-delete attachments that markdown still points at.
//
// Comments are covered because a pasted screenshot (IDEA-1650) may be
// referenced ONLY from a comment body; without the comments scan the GC
// would reclaim it after the grace period and break the embed. Documents
// are covered for the same reason (BUG-2614) — the legacy v1 documents
// API is still mounted, so a direct API consumer can put the only
// reference to an attachment in a document body.
//
// THE SET OF SCANNED SURFACES IS THE CONTRACT. Anything that persists
// user-authored text which can contain a `pad-attachment:` token belongs
// here, and adding such a surface without adding it here silently makes
// its references invisible to the GC. Both of the additions above were
// found that way, after the fact.
//
// Scoped to one workspace because a "pad-attachment:UUID" reference
// only resolves within the workspace where the attachment lives;
// cross-workspace references are intentionally not supported.
//
// Dialect note: items.fields is TEXT on SQLite but JSONB on
// PostgreSQL (see migrations + pgmigrations). LIKE doesn't work on
// JSONB so the Postgres path casts to text first. Codex P1 round 2
// caught this — without the cast, the GC's reference scan errored
// on Postgres and every never-attached row got skipped. comments.body
// is TEXT on both dialects, so it needs no cast.
func (s *Store) AttachmentReferenced(workspaceID, attachmentID string) (bool, error) {
	if workspaceID == "" || attachmentID == "" {
		return false, nil
	}
	needle := "pad-attachment:" + attachmentID
	pattern := "%" + needle + "%"

	fieldsExpr := "fields"
	if s.dialect.Driver() == DriverPostgres {
		fieldsExpr = "fields::text"
	}

	// The documents leg covers the legacy v1 `/workspaces/{ws}/documents`
	// surface (BUG-2614). It has no first-party client left — nothing in the
	// web API client or the CLI calls it — but the CRUD routes are mounted and
	// authenticated, so a direct API consumer can still put a
	// `pad-attachment:` reference in a document body. Scanning items and
	// comments only made such an attachment reclaimable while genuinely
	// referenced. Live rows only, mirroring items; comments carry no
	// deleted_at at all, which is why that leg has no such filter.
	var n int
	err := s.db.QueryRow(s.q(`
		SELECT
		  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM items
		     WHERE workspace_id = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL
		       AND (content LIKE ? OR `+fieldsExpr+` LIKE ?))
		+ (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM comments
		     WHERE workspace_id = ? AND body LIKE ?)
		+ (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM documents
		     WHERE workspace_id = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL AND content LIKE ?)
	`), workspaceID, pattern, pattern, workspaceID, pattern, workspaceID, pattern).Scan(&n)
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("attachment referenced: %w", err)
	}
	return n > 0, nil
}

// SoftDeleteWorkspaceAttachments tombstones every live attachment
// row (originals AND thumbnail variants) under a workspace in a
// single bulk UPDATE. Used by the bundle import handler to roll back
// a partial workspace when a validation reject fires AFTER blobs
// have already been rehydrated — without this cascade the
// attachment rows stay live (deleted_at IS NULL), pin their blobs
// from orphan-GC reclamation, and continue counting toward the
// importing user's storage usage. Codex P1 on PR #308.
//
// Both originals and thumbnails carry the same workspace_id, so a
// single WHERE workspace_id = ? clause covers both. Returns the
// number of rows tombstoned.
//
// The blob bytes on disk are NOT touched — content-addressed dedupe
// means another live row may still reference the same hash, so
// reclamation is the orphan-GC's job after the grace period.
func (s *Store) SoftDeleteWorkspaceAttachments(workspaceID string) (int64, error) {
	ts := now()
	res, err := s.db.Exec(s.q(`
		UPDATE attachments
		SET deleted_at = ?
		WHERE workspace_id = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL
	`), ts, workspaceID)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, fmt.Errorf("soft delete workspace attachments: %w", err)
	}
	n, err := res.RowsAffected()
	if err != nil {
		return 0, fmt.Errorf("soft delete workspace attachments rows affected: %w", err)
	}
	return n, nil
}

// SoftDeleteAttachment marks the given attachment row deleted (and
// every variant whose parent_id points at it) so the orphan GC will
// reclaim the bytes after the grace period. Returns sql.ErrNoRows if
// no live row matches.
//
// We mark variants via a separate UPDATE keyed on parent_id rather
// than letting a foreign-key cascade do it — the attachments table
// has no FK on parent_id, by design (DOC-865: thumbnails are
// independent rows so a missing original doesn't break a list query).
//
// The blob on disk is NOT removed here; the same content_hash may be
// referenced by other rows (content-addressed dedupe), so reclamation
// is the GC's job once it can prove no live row references the hash.
func (s *Store) SoftDeleteAttachment(id string) error {
	ts := now()
	// One TRANSACTION for original + variants (BUG-2388): the old two
	// separate statements let a crash — or a concurrent thumbnail
	// derivation — land between them, leaving half-tombstoned families.
	// (The old comment claimed orphan GC would reach stragglers "via the
	// deleted-parent path"; no such path existed — that is exactly the
	// leak this bug fixes, and the sweep now has a real orphaned-variant
	// class as the belt.)
	tx, err := s.db.Begin()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("begin soft delete tx: %w", err)
	}
	defer tx.Rollback()

	res, err := tx.Exec(s.q(`
		UPDATE attachments
		SET deleted_at = ?
		WHERE id = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL
	`), ts, id)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("soft delete attachment: %w", err)
	}
	n, err := res.RowsAffected()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("soft delete attachment rows affected: %w", err)
	}
	if n == 0 {
		return sql.ErrNoRows
	}
	// Tombstone the thumbnail variants atomically with the original —
	// synthetic rows with no reason to outlive it.
	if _, err := tx.Exec(s.q(`
		UPDATE attachments
		SET deleted_at = ?
		WHERE parent_id = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL
	`), ts, id); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("soft delete attachment variants: %w", err)
	}
	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("commit soft delete: %w", err)
	}
	return nil
}

// CreateAttachmentVariantIfParentLive inserts a derived-variant row
// ONLY while its parent original is still live — the liveness check is
// part of the INSERT statement itself (BUG-2388, the same
// claim-by-statement discipline as the orphan-GC claims): a delete
// cascade committing between the derivation's early parent check and
// this insert makes the WHERE EXISTS fail and the insert report false,
// instead of minting a live variant row under a tombstoned parent.
//
// Returns whether the row was inserted. The caller owns the just-Put
// blob on a false return (clean it up under the in-flight hash fence
// it already holds).
func (s *Store) CreateAttachmentVariantIfParentLive(a *models.Attachment) (bool, error) {
	if a.ParentID == nil || *a.ParentID == "" {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("variant insert requires parent_id")
	}
	if a.StorageKey == "" {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("attachment storage_key must not be empty")
	}
	if a.ID == "" {
		a.ID = newID()
	}
	ts := now()
	if a.CreatedAt.IsZero() {
		a.CreatedAt = parseTime(ts)
	} else {
		ts = a.CreatedAt.UTC().Format("2006-01-02T15:04:05Z07:00")
	}

	// Same transaction + row-lock shape as CreateAttachmentForLiveItem
	// (which closed the identical check-then-insert race against ITEM
	// deletion, PLAN-2391 DR-14): on Postgres a plain WHERE EXISTS reads
	// a snapshot and a concurrent SoftDeleteAttachment can commit under
	// it — the lock makes the delete cascade wait, and whichever commits
	// first, the other observes it (codex round 1 P1). SQLite's
	// _txlock=immediate already serializes writers, and the lock clause
	// is a syntax error there — the dialect gate is not an optimization.
	tx, err := s.db.Begin()
	if err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("begin variant insert tx: %w", err)
	}
	defer tx.Rollback()

	query := `SELECT 1 FROM attachments WHERE id = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL`
	if s.dialect.Driver() == DriverPostgres {
		query += ` FOR NO KEY UPDATE`
	}
	var one int
	switch err := tx.QueryRow(s.q(query), *a.ParentID).Scan(&one); {
	case errors.Is(err, sql.ErrNoRows):
		// Parent gone or tombstoned — refuse, no row minted.
		return false, nil
	case err != nil:
		return false, fmt.Errorf("lock variant parent: %w", err)
	}

	if _, err := tx.Exec(s.q(`
		INSERT INTO attachments (`+attachmentColumns+`)
		VALUES (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)
	`), a.ID, a.WorkspaceID, a.ItemID, a.UploadedBy, a.StorageKey, a.ContentHash,
		a.MimeType, a.SizeBytes, a.Filename, a.Width, a.Height, a.ParentID, a.Variant,
		ts, nil); err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("create variant row: %w", err)
	}
	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
		return false, fmt.Errorf("commit variant insert: %w", err)
	}
	return true, nil
}

// WorkspaceItemSlugMap returns slug → id for every live item in a
// workspace. Used by the bundle import path (TASK-885) to remap an
// old attachment's item_id (from the manifest) to the freshly-
// generated id, via item.slug which ImportWorkspace preserves.
//
// Soft-deleted items are excluded; the import path can't realistically
// recreate an attachment under a deleted parent without also
// resurrecting the parent, and the manifest's item_id only has
// meaning for live items at export time.
func (s *Store) WorkspaceItemSlugMap(workspaceID string) (map[string]string, error) {
	rows, err := s.db.Query(s.q(`
		SELECT id, slug FROM items WHERE workspace_id = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL
	`), workspaceID)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("workspace item slug map: %w", err)
	}
	defer rows.Close()
	out := map[string]string{}
	for rows.Next() {
		var id, slug string
		if err := rows.Scan(&id, &slug); err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("scan slug map: %w", err)
		}
		out[slug] = id
	}
	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iterate slug map: %w", err)
	}
	return out, nil
}

// RemapAttachmentReferencesInWorkspace rewrites every
// "pad-attachment:OLD" reference in items.content + items.fields
// AND in comment bodies (BUG-2615) to "pad-attachment:NEW" for
// every (old, new) pair in the map. Run after a bundle import has
// rehydrated attachments so the imported content points at the new
// attachment ids instead of the source workspace's ids.
//
// CALLER PRECONDITION — read this before adding a second caller.
// Every surface here is read-modify-write across a scan and a later
// UPDATE, with no row locks and no old-value predicate, and the whole
// population is loaded inside one transaction. That is safe for the
// ONE existing caller (the bundle import) for a reason that is about
// the caller, not this function: it runs against a workspace the
// import itself just created, which no other session can reach yet,
// so there are no concurrent writers to lose an edit to and no
// contention to hold up. Called against a LIVE workspace it would
// clobber a concurrent edit committed between the scan and the write,
// and would hold a long transaction across the entire item and
// comment population. Both would need fixing first — the pre-existing
// items walk has the same shape, so this is a property of the
// function, not of the comment leg added for BUG-2615.
//
// Implementation: a single transaction that loads every item's
// content+fields and every comment body, runs remapAttachmentRefs
// over each, stamps the attachment rows the rewrites will point at,
// then writes back only what changed. That helper tokenizes with
// attachmentRefRE and matches whole ids — NOT strings.ReplaceAll,
// which used to rewrite a mapped id sitting as the PREFIX of a
// longer one (Codex round 26). See its doc.
//
// FTS reindex via the existing rebuild helper happens AFTER the
// transaction commits — direct UPDATE bypasses the SQLite FTS
// triggers the same way ImportWorkspace's INSERTs do.
func (s *Store) RemapAttachmentReferencesInWorkspace(workspaceID string, oldToNew map[string]string) error {
	if len(oldToNew) == 0 {
		return nil
	}
	tx, err := s.db.Begin()
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("begin remap tx: %w", err)
	}
	defer tx.Rollback()

	// ORDER BY id (BUG-2778 class sweep): this gathers rows and then UPDATEs
	// them one by one inside a transaction, so the scan's order IS the lock
	// order. Two concurrent remaps in one workspace would otherwise be free to
	// take the same row locks in different orders — Postgres does not promise
	// a stable seq-scan order, and synchronize_seqscans deliberately starts
	// concurrent scans at different points.
	//
	// SCOPE OF THE CLAIM (codex round 6): this makes the CONTENT-ROW updates
	// below take their locks in one order for every caller. It does not order
	// the attachment rows stampAttachmentRefsTx locks elsewhere in the same
	// transaction, so it is not "the whole deadlock class removed" — it
	// removes the cycle between two concurrent remaps' own row updates, which
	// is the one this sweep found. Unlike the rename path in documents.go,
	// where the second stage locks the renamed row itself and ordering the
	// cascade therefore cannot help, ordering IS sufficient for the cycle
	// between these per-row updates.
	rows, err := tx.Query(s.q(`SELECT id, content, fields FROM items WHERE workspace_id = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL ORDER BY id`), workspaceID)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("scan items for remap: %w", err)
	}
	type rowUpdate struct {
		id      string
		content string
		fields  string
	}
	var updates []rowUpdate
	for rows.Next() {
		var id, content, fields string
		if err := rows.Scan(&id, &content, &fields); err != nil {
			rows.Close()
			return fmt.Errorf("scan item: %w", err)
		}
		newContent := remapAttachmentRefs(content, oldToNew)
		newFields := remapAttachmentRefs(fields, oldToNew)
		if newContent != content || newFields != fields {
			updates = append(updates, rowUpdate{id: id, content: newContent, fields: newFields})
		}
	}
	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
		rows.Close()
		return fmt.Errorf("iterate items for remap: %w", err)
	}
	rows.Close()

	// Comment bodies carry `pad-attachment:` references exactly as item
	// content does, and a bundle import re-inserts them (export.go's comment
	// import), so walking items alone left every comment pointing at the
	// SOURCE workspace's ids — which resolve to nothing in the destination,
	// while the freshly-cloned rows they should have pointed at end up
	// referenced by nothing and eventually reclaimed (BUG-2615). Comments have
	// no deleted_at column, hence no filter here.
	crows, err := tx.Query(s.q(`SELECT id, body FROM comments WHERE workspace_id = ? ORDER BY id`), workspaceID)
	if err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("scan comments for remap: %w", err)
	}
	type commentUpdate struct {
		id   string
		body string
	}
	var commentUpdates []commentUpdate
	for crows.Next() {
		var id, body string
		if err := crows.Scan(&id, &body); err != nil {
			crows.Close()
			return fmt.Errorf("scan comment: %w", err)
		}
		if newBody := remapAttachmentRefs(body, oldToNew); newBody != body {
			commentUpdates = append(commentUpdates, commentUpdate{id: id, body: newBody})
		}
	}
	if err := crows.Err(); err != nil {
		crows.Close()
		return fmt.Errorf("iterate comments for remap: %w", err)
	}
	crows.Close()

	// Stamp what the rewrites now point AT, inside this same transaction.
	// The import stamped each comment body at insert time, but the body still
	// held the SOURCE ids then, so those stamps landed on nothing that ends up
	// referenced here. Without this the destination's clones are freshly
	// created, referenced only by text this transaction just wrote, and
	// carrying no stamp — the exact shape the orphan GC's never-attached claim
	// reclaims (BUG-2615).
	//
	// ORDERING: this runs BEFORE the content UPDATEs, per
	// stampAttachmentRefsTx's own contract and for the same two reasons every
	// other writer follows it. On Postgres the stamp row-locks the attachment
	// rows for the rest of the transaction, so a concurrent GC claim blocks
	// and re-evaluates against the fresh stamp; stamping last would let a
	// claim delete the target while the rewritten text sat uncommitted, and
	// the stamp would then match zero rows and commit a dangling reference.
	// It also keeps this path's lock order identical to the item and comment
	// writers (attachments first, then content rows) — the reverse order
	// deadlocks against them (codex round 2 P1).
	//
	// The texts are already known here: both scans have run and produced the
	// exact strings the UPDATEs below will write.
	//
	// The REWRITTEN TEXTS are passed rather than every id in oldToNew, so only
	// ids something actually references get stamped. Stamping the whole map
	// would also refresh clones nothing points at, keeping genuinely
	// unreferenced rows alive for an extra GC window.
	stampTexts := make([]string, 0, len(updates)*2+len(commentUpdates))
	for _, u := range updates {
		stampTexts = append(stampTexts, u.content, u.fields)
	}
	for _, u := range commentUpdates {
		stampTexts = append(stampTexts, u.body)
	}
	if err := stampAttachmentRefsTx(tx, s, workspaceID, stampTexts...); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("stamp remapped refs: %w", err)
	}

	for _, u := range updates {
		if _, err := tx.Exec(s.q(`UPDATE items SET content = ?, fields = ? WHERE id = ?`),
			u.content, u.fields, u.id); err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("update item %s: %w", u.id, err)
		}
	}
	for _, u := range commentUpdates {
		if _, err := tx.Exec(s.q(`UPDATE comments SET body = ? WHERE id = ?`),
			u.body, u.id); err != nil {
			return fmt.Errorf("update comment %s: %w", u.id, err)
		}
	}

	if err := tx.Commit(); err != nil {
		return fmt.Errorf("commit remap: %w", err)
	}

	// Refresh FTS so search queries see the rewritten content.
	s.rebuildFTSForWorkspace(workspaceID)
	return nil
}

// remapAttachmentRefs replaces "pad-attachment:OLD" with
// "pad-attachment:NEW" for every (old, new) pair in the map. Pure
// string operation — kept private so callers go through
// RemapAttachmentReferencesInWorkspace which also handles the FTS
// reindex.
//
// IT TOKENIZES WITH attachmentRefRE, the SAME pattern the copy
// planner enumerates references with, and rewrites only when the
// captured id matches a map key EXACTLY.
//
// A plain strings.ReplaceAll over "pad-attachment:"+old was the
// obvious implementation and was subtly wrong (Codex round 26). The
// regex is greedy — `pad-attachment:<uuid>x` captures `<uuid>x`, one
// id, which resolves to nothing and is deliberately left alone — but a
// substring replace happily rewrote the `<uuid>` PREFIX inside it,
// producing text that matched neither what the planner enumerated nor
// what the user wrote. PLAN-2357 DR-11a is explicit that an
// unresolvable reference keeps its literal text "so the copy renders
// exactly as broken as the source did", and
// items_cross_workspace_copy.go claims the rewrite "covers precisely
// the reference set the plan cloned". Sharing the tokenizer is what
// makes both true rather than nearly true.
func remapAttachmentRefs(s string, oldToNew map[string]string) string {
	if len(oldToNew) == 0 || !strings.Contains(s, attachmentRefPrefix) {
		return s
	}
	return attachmentRefRE.ReplaceAllStringFunc(s, func(match string) string {
		id := strings.TrimPrefix(match, attachmentRefPrefix)
		fresh, ok := oldToNew[id]
		if !ok || fresh == "" || fresh == id {
			return match
		}
		return attachmentRefPrefix + fresh
	})
}

// WorkspaceAttachmentsForExport returns every original (non-derived,
// non-deleted) attachment in the workspace so the export bundler
// can stream them into the tar. Derived rows (thumbnails) are
// excluded — they're re-derived on import via the existing pipeline.
//
// Soft-deleted parents are NOT excluded here: the attachment row is
// still live, the bytes still exist on disk, and the user explicitly
// chose to export the workspace. Surfacing them lets a round-trip
// preserve the audit trail (the import path will recreate the row
// as an orphan, or the soft-deleted item gets restored separately).
func (s *Store) WorkspaceAttachmentsForExport(workspaceID string) ([]models.Attachment, error) {
	rows, err := s.db.Query(s.q(`
		SELECT `+attachmentColumns+`
		FROM attachments
		WHERE workspace_id = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL AND parent_id IS NULL
		ORDER BY created_at, id
	`), workspaceID)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("export attachments: %w", err)
	}
	defer rows.Close()

	var out []models.Attachment
	for rows.Next() {
		a, err := scanAttachment(rows)
		if err != nil {
			return nil, fmt.Errorf("scan export attachment: %w", err)
		}
		out = append(out, *a)
	}
	if err := rows.Err(); err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("iterate export attachments: %w", err)
	}
	return out, nil
}

// WorkspaceStorageUsage returns the total bytes consumed by non-deleted
// attachments in the workspace. Includes derived blobs (thumbnails) —
// those are real bytes on disk and count against quota.
func (s *Store) WorkspaceStorageUsage(workspaceID string) (int64, error) {
	var total sql.NullInt64
	err := s.db.QueryRow(s.q(`
		SELECT COALESCE(SUM(size_bytes), 0)
		FROM attachments
		WHERE workspace_id = ? AND deleted_at IS NULL
	`), workspaceID).Scan(&total)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, fmt.Errorf("workspace storage usage: %w", err)
	}
	return total.Int64, nil
}

// WorkspaceStorageLimit returns the effective storage limit (bytes) for
// the workspace owner's plan, or -1 if the plan is unlimited. Thin
// wrapper around WorkspaceStorageInfo for the upload-time quota check
// path that doesn't care about used bytes / plan / override metadata.
//
// Resolution matches the CheckLimit three-tier order:
//  1. Per-user override (user.PlanOverrides JSON, key "storage_bytes")
//  2. Platform setting (plan_limits_<plan>_storage_bytes)
//  3. Hardcoded fallback (DefaultFreeLimits / DefaultProLimits)
//
// CheckLimit itself can't be reused here because its featureCount path
// only knows about row-counted features (items, members, webhooks, …) —
// storage_bytes is byte-counted via WorkspaceStorageUsage.
func (s *Store) WorkspaceStorageLimit(workspaceID string) (int64, error) {
	info, err := s.WorkspaceStorageInfo(workspaceID)
	if err != nil {
		return 0, err
	}
	return info.LimitBytes, nil
}

// WorkspaceStorageInfo returns the consolidated quota summary for a
// workspace (used + limit + plan + override flag) in a single call.
// Used by the storage usage API (TASK-881) and the Settings → Storage
// page (TASK-882) so the UI can render the usage bar and the
// "(override)" badge from one fetch.
//
// Limit resolution mirrors WorkspaceStorageLimit; pro and self-hosted
// plans return -1 (unlimited) in Phase 1. Workspaces with no owner
// (fresh install, deleted owner) also resolve to unlimited rather than
// blocking uploads.
func (s *Store) WorkspaceStorageInfo(workspaceID string) (*WorkspaceStorageInfo, error) {
	used, err := s.WorkspaceStorageUsage(workspaceID)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, err
	}

	info := &WorkspaceStorageInfo{
		UsedBytes:  used,
		LimitBytes: -1, // default: no enforceable limit (no owner / pro / self-hosted)
	}

	var ownerID sql.NullString
	err = s.db.QueryRow(s.q(`SELECT owner_id FROM workspaces WHERE id = ?`), workspaceID).Scan(&ownerID)
	if err == sql.ErrNoRows {
		return info, nil
	}
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("workspace storage info: get owner: %w", err)
	}
	// Workspaces created on a fresh install (no users yet) and legacy
	// workspaces from before owner_id was added have no owner. In both
	// cases there is no plan to consult — treat as unlimited rather
	// than rejecting uploads.
	if !ownerID.Valid || ownerID.String == "" {
		return info, nil
	}
	user, err := s.GetUser(ownerID.String)
	if err != nil {
		return nil, fmt.Errorf("workspace storage info: get user: %w", err)
	}
	if user == nil {
		// Owner row was deleted but the workspace still references it.
		return info, nil
	}

	plan := user.Plan
	if plan == "" {
		plan = "free"
	}
	info.Plan = plan

	// Detect whether a per-user storage_bytes override is configured.
	// We surface this as a flag for the UI even when the plan is
	// pro/self-hosted (where the override has no effect on the
	// effective limit) so admins can see the configured value.
	if user.PlanOverrides != "" {
		var overrides map[string]int
		if err := json.Unmarshal([]byte(user.PlanOverrides), &overrides); err == nil {
			if _, ok := overrides["storage_bytes"]; ok {
				info.OverrideActive = true
			}
		}
	}

	// Pro and self-hosted have no enforced limit in Phase 1.
	if plan == "pro" || plan == "self-hosted" {
		return info, nil
	}

	// resolveLimit returns int (32-bit on 32-bit platforms) so we can't
	// store a quota larger than 2 GiB on 32-bit hosts via this path.
	// That's a non-issue for Phase 1: hardcoded free=500MB, pro=10GB,
	// and 32-bit production hosts are not a supported deployment target
	// for Pad Cloud. If a future plan-tier ever exceeds INT_MAX bytes
	// we'll widen resolveLimit.
	info.LimitBytes = int64(s.resolveLimit(plan, "storage_bytes", user.PlanOverrides))
	return info, nil
}