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xarmian fc1f4e6181 fix(server): resolve the client from the right-most untrusted X-Forwarded-For hop (BUG-3323) (#1700)
* fix(server): resolve the client from the right-most untrusted X-Forwarded-For hop (BUG-3323)

From a trusted peer, TrustedProxyRealIP took X-Real-IP first and
otherwise the LEFTMOST X-Forwarded-For entry. On an appending proxy chain
both are client-controlled: the leftmost entry is whatever the client
sent, and a proxy that only appends to X-Forwarded-For (Azure Application
Gateway, many ingress controllers) passes a client's X-Real-IP through.
Any client behind such a proxy chose the address pad used for per-IP rate
limits, 2FA challenge binding, session IP checks and audit.

Now X-Forwarded-For wins when present, walked right to left, skipping
hops inside PAD_TRUSTED_PROXIES, taking the first address outside them
(nginx real_ip_recursive). ip:port entries are read as their address; an
unparseable entry stops the walk. X-Real-IP is used only when there is no
X-Forwarded-For. Cloud is unaffected: its router appends the resolved
client, which is the right-most hop.

Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01H63zaWhkb5pAafx2WGjrVC

* fix(server): read every X-Forwarded-For field, and document the append requirement (BUG-3323 review)

Codex round 1, P2: Header.Get read only the first X-Forwarded-For field,
so a proxy appending its hop as a second field left the client in control.
All fields are now joined in order before the walk.

The other P2 (a proxy that sets X-Real-IP but passes a client XFF through
unchanged) is the cost of preferring XFF; the deployment guide now states
that every trusted proxy must append to X-Forwarded-For.

Claude-Session: https://claude.ai/code/session_01H63zaWhkb5pAafx2WGjrVC
2026-09-30 23:19:41 -04:00
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