diff --git a/apps/dokploy/__test__/git-provider/gitlab-refresh-token.test.ts b/apps/dokploy/__test__/git-provider/gitlab-refresh-token.test.ts
new file mode 100644
index 000000000..71b4421f3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/apps/dokploy/__test__/git-provider/gitlab-refresh-token.test.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+import { beforeEach, describe, expect, it, vi } from "vitest";
+
+const store = vi.hoisted(() => ({
+	provider: {} as Record<string, unknown>,
+}));
+
+vi.mock("@dokploy/server/services/gitlab", () => ({
+	findGitlabById: vi.fn(async () => ({ ...store.provider })),
+	updateGitlab: vi.fn(async (_id: string, values: Record<string, unknown>) => {
+		store.provider = { ...store.provider, ...values };
+	}),
+}));
+
+const { refreshGitlabToken } = await import(
+	"@dokploy/server/utils/providers/gitlab"
+);
+
+const GITLAB_ID = "gitlab-1";
+
+// Behaves like GitLab: a refresh returns a new pair and invalidates the refresh token it used
+const createGitlab = () => {
+	let validRefreshToken = "refresh-1";
+	let issued = 1;
+	let failNext = false;
+
+	const fetch = vi.fn(async (_url: string, init: RequestInit) => {
+		const body = new URLSearchParams(init.body as string);
+		// Keeps the request open, so concurrent callers overlap as two deployments do
+		await new Promise((resolve) => setTimeout(resolve, 20));
+
+		if (failNext) {
+			failNext = false;
+			return new Response(null, {
+				status: 500,
+				statusText: "Internal Server Error",
+			});
+		}
+
+		if (body.get("refresh_token") !== validRefreshToken) {
+			return new Response(null, { status: 400, statusText: "Bad Request" });
+		}
+
+		issued++;
+		validRefreshToken = `refresh-${issued}`;
+		return Response.json({
+			access_token: `access-${issued}`,
+			refresh_token: validRefreshToken,
+			expires_in: 7200,
+		});
+	});
+
+	return {
+		fetch,
+		failNextRequest: () => {
+			failNext = true;
+		},
+	};
+};
+
+describe("refreshGitlabToken", () => {
+	let gitlab: ReturnType<typeof createGitlab>;
+
+	beforeEach(() => {
+		store.provider = {
+			gitlabId: GITLAB_ID,
+			gitlabUrl: "https://gitlab.example.com",
+			gitlabInternalUrl: null,
+			applicationId: "app-id",
+			secret: "app-secret",
+			accessToken: "access-1",
+			refreshToken: "refresh-1",
+			expiresAt: 0,
+		};
+		gitlab = createGitlab();
+		vi.stubGlobal("fetch", gitlab.fetch);
+	});
+
+	it("sends one refresh request when two callers find the token expired at the same time", async () => {
+		await Promise.all([
+			refreshGitlabToken(GITLAB_ID),
+			refreshGitlabToken(GITLAB_ID),
+		]);
+
+		expect(gitlab.fetch).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(1);
+		expect(store.provider.refreshToken).toBe("refresh-2");
+	});
+
+	it("refreshes again after a failed refresh", async () => {
+		gitlab.failNextRequest();
+
+		await expect(refreshGitlabToken(GITLAB_ID)).rejects.toThrow(
+			"Failed to refresh token: Internal Server Error",
+		);
+		await refreshGitlabToken(GITLAB_ID);
+
+		expect(gitlab.fetch).toHaveBeenCalledTimes(2);
+		expect(store.provider.refreshToken).toBe("refresh-2");
+	});
+});
diff --git a/packages/server/src/utils/providers/gitlab.ts b/packages/server/src/utils/providers/gitlab.ts
index 6cb777b75..1221fd5a4 100644
--- a/packages/server/src/utils/providers/gitlab.ts
+++ b/packages/server/src/utils/providers/gitlab.ts
@@ -11,7 +11,7 @@ import { TRPCError } from "@trpc/server";
 import { quote } from "shell-quote";
 import type { z } from "zod";
 
-export const refreshGitlabToken = async (gitlabProviderId: string) => {
+const refreshGitlabTokenIfExpired = async (gitlabProviderId: string) => {
 	const gitlabProvider = await findGitlabById(gitlabProviderId);
 	const currentTime = Math.floor(Date.now() / 1000);
 
@@ -56,6 +56,23 @@ export const refreshGitlabToken = async (gitlabProviderId: string) => {
 	return data;
 };
 
+// GitLab invalidates a refresh token when it is used, so concurrent callers must share one refresh
+const pendingRefreshes = new Map<
+	string,
+	ReturnType<typeof refreshGitlabTokenIfExpired>
+>();
+
+export const refreshGitlabToken = (gitlabProviderId: string) => {
+	let refresh = pendingRefreshes.get(gitlabProviderId);
+	if (!refresh) {
+		refresh = refreshGitlabTokenIfExpired(gitlabProviderId).finally(() => {
+			pendingRefreshes.delete(gitlabProviderId);
+		});
+		pendingRefreshes.set(gitlabProviderId, refresh);
+	}
+	return refresh;
+};
+
 export const haveGitlabRequirements = (gitlabProvider: Gitlab) => {
 	return !!(gitlabProvider?.accessToken && gitlabProvider?.refreshToken);
 };