mirror of
https://github.com/freedbygrace/SQL.git
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Alphaeus Mote
b30733ccad
- Docker setup with PostgreSQL 16 and DB-UI web interface - Comprehensive 20+ table schema with fraud detection patterns - Idempotent shell scripts for data generation (no Python dependency) - Realistic geographic data (100 US cities, 210 world cities) - 5M+ transactions with embedded fraud patterns (velocity, geographic, structuring, etc.) - Progressive SQL exercises from beginner to advanced fraud detection - Complete documentation and quick start guide - Setup and verification scripts
478 lines
20 KiB
SQL
478 lines
20 KiB
SQL
-- ============================================================================
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-- Financial Fraud Detection Database Schema
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-- Purpose: Educational SQL learning with realistic fraud investigation scenarios
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-- ============================================================================
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-- This script is IDEMPOTENT - it will drop and recreate all objects
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-- ============================================================================
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-- Enable required extensions
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CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS "uuid-ossp";
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CREATE EXTENSION IF NOT EXISTS "pgcrypto";
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-- ============================================================================
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-- DROP ALL EXISTING OBJECTS (in reverse dependency order)
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-- ============================================================================
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-- Drop triggers first
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DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS trg_update_balance ON transactions;
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DROP TRIGGER IF EXISTS trg_check_suspicious ON transactions;
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-- Drop functions
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DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS update_account_balance() CASCADE;
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DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS check_suspicious_transaction() CASCADE;
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DROP FUNCTION IF EXISTS generate_fraud_score(DECIMAL, BOOLEAN, DECIMAL, INT, BOOLEAN) CASCADE;
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-- Drop tables in reverse dependency order
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS audit_log CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS suspicious_activity_reports CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS case_alerts CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS case_transactions CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS fraud_cases CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS alerts CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS transfers CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS beneficiaries CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS transactions CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS login_sessions CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS devices CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS cards CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS accounts CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS customer_relationships CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS customers CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS merchants CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS merchant_categories CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS fraud_types CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS transaction_types CASCADE;
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DROP TABLE IF EXISTS countries CASCADE;
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-- ============================================================================
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-- REFERENCE/LOOKUP TABLES
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-- ============================================================================
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-- Countries reference table
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CREATE TABLE countries (
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country_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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country_code CHAR(2) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
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country_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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region VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
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risk_level VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'LOW' CHECK (risk_level IN ('LOW', 'MEDIUM', 'HIGH', 'CRITICAL')),
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- Merchant categories
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CREATE TABLE merchant_categories (
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category_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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category_code VARCHAR(10) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
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category_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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description TEXT,
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risk_weight DECIMAL(3,2) DEFAULT 1.00,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- Transaction types
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CREATE TABLE transaction_types (
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type_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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type_code VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
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type_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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description TEXT,
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requires_merchant BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- Fraud types
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CREATE TABLE fraud_types (
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fraud_type_id SERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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fraud_code VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
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fraud_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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description TEXT,
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severity VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'MEDIUM' CHECK (severity IN ('LOW', 'MEDIUM', 'HIGH', 'CRITICAL')),
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- ============================================================================
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-- CUSTOMER DOMAIN
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-- ============================================================================
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-- Customers table
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CREATE TABLE customers (
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customer_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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first_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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last_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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email VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
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phone VARCHAR(20),
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date_of_birth DATE NOT NULL,
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ssn_hash VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL UNIQUE, -- Hashed SSN for privacy
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address_line1 VARCHAR(255),
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address_line2 VARCHAR(255),
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city VARCHAR(100),
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state VARCHAR(50),
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postal_code VARCHAR(20),
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country_id INT NOT NULL REFERENCES countries(country_id),
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registration_date TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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last_login TIMESTAMP,
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kyc_status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'PENDING' CHECK (kyc_status IN ('PENDING', 'VERIFIED', 'REJECTED', 'EXPIRED')),
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kyc_verified_date TIMESTAMP,
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risk_score DECIMAL(5,2) DEFAULT 50.00 CHECK (risk_score BETWEEN 0 AND 100),
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is_pep BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE, -- Politically Exposed Person
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is_active BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- Customer relationships (for detecting collusion networks)
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CREATE TABLE customer_relationships (
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relationship_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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customer_id_1 BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES customers(customer_id),
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customer_id_2 BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES customers(customer_id),
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relationship_type VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL CHECK (relationship_type IN ('FAMILY', 'BUSINESS', 'SHARED_ADDRESS', 'SHARED_DEVICE', 'SHARED_IP', 'SUSPECTED_MULE')),
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confidence_score DECIMAL(5,2) DEFAULT 50.00 CHECK (confidence_score BETWEEN 0 AND 100),
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detected_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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notes TEXT,
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CONSTRAINT different_customers CHECK (customer_id_1 != customer_id_2),
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CONSTRAINT unique_relationship UNIQUE (customer_id_1, customer_id_2, relationship_type)
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);
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-- ============================================================================
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-- ACCOUNT DOMAIN
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-- ============================================================================
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-- Accounts table
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CREATE TABLE accounts (
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account_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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customer_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES customers(customer_id),
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account_number VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
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account_type VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL CHECK (account_type IN ('CHECKING', 'SAVINGS', 'CREDIT', 'INVESTMENT', 'LOAN')),
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currency CHAR(3) DEFAULT 'USD',
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opening_date DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_DATE,
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closing_date DATE,
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status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'ACTIVE' CHECK (status IN ('ACTIVE', 'SUSPENDED', 'CLOSED', 'FROZEN')),
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current_balance DECIMAL(15,2) DEFAULT 0.00,
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available_balance DECIMAL(15,2) DEFAULT 0.00,
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credit_limit DECIMAL(15,2),
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overdraft_limit DECIMAL(15,2) DEFAULT 0.00,
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interest_rate DECIMAL(5,4),
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monthly_fee DECIMAL(8,2) DEFAULT 0.00,
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is_primary BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- Cards table
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CREATE TABLE cards (
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card_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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account_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES accounts(account_id),
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card_number_hash VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL UNIQUE, -- Hashed card number
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card_last_four CHAR(4) NOT NULL,
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card_type VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL CHECK (card_type IN ('DEBIT', 'CREDIT', 'PREPAID', 'VIRTUAL')),
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card_network VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL CHECK (card_network IN ('VISA', 'MASTERCARD', 'AMEX', 'DISCOVER')),
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issue_date DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_DATE,
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expiry_date DATE NOT NULL,
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cvv_hash VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL,
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status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'ACTIVE' CHECK (status IN ('ACTIVE', 'BLOCKED', 'EXPIRED', 'LOST', 'STOLEN')),
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daily_limit DECIMAL(10,2) DEFAULT 5000.00,
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monthly_limit DECIMAL(12,2) DEFAULT 50000.00,
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is_contactless BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
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is_international BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- ============================================================================
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-- MERCHANT DOMAIN
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-- ============================================================================
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-- Merchants table
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CREATE TABLE merchants (
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merchant_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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merchant_name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
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merchant_code VARCHAR(50) UNIQUE,
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category_id INT NOT NULL REFERENCES merchant_categories(category_id),
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country_id INT NOT NULL REFERENCES countries(country_id),
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city VARCHAR(100),
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website VARCHAR(255),
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registration_date DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_DATE,
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status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'ACTIVE' CHECK (status IN ('ACTIVE', 'SUSPENDED', 'BLACKLISTED', 'CLOSED')),
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risk_rating VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'LOW' CHECK (risk_rating IN ('LOW', 'MEDIUM', 'HIGH', 'CRITICAL')),
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total_transactions BIGINT DEFAULT 0,
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total_volume DECIMAL(18,2) DEFAULT 0.00,
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fraud_incidents INT DEFAULT 0,
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is_verified BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- ============================================================================
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-- DEVICE & SESSION DOMAIN
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-- ============================================================================
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-- Devices table (for tracking login devices)
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CREATE TABLE devices (
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device_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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device_fingerprint VARCHAR(64) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
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device_type VARCHAR(20) CHECK (device_type IN ('MOBILE', 'TABLET', 'DESKTOP', 'OTHER')),
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os_name VARCHAR(50),
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os_version VARCHAR(50),
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browser_name VARCHAR(50),
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browser_version VARCHAR(50),
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first_seen TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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last_seen TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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is_trusted BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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is_blacklisted BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- Login sessions
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CREATE TABLE login_sessions (
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session_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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customer_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES customers(customer_id),
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device_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES devices(device_id),
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ip_address INET NOT NULL,
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country_id INT REFERENCES countries(country_id),
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city VARCHAR(100),
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latitude DECIMAL(10,8),
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longitude DECIMAL(11,8),
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login_timestamp TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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logout_timestamp TIMESTAMP,
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session_duration_seconds INT,
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is_successful BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
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failure_reason VARCHAR(255),
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risk_score DECIMAL(5,2) DEFAULT 0.00,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- ============================================================================
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-- TRANSACTION DOMAIN
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-- ============================================================================
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-- Transactions table (main transaction log)
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CREATE TABLE transactions (
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transaction_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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account_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES accounts(account_id),
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type_id INT NOT NULL REFERENCES transaction_types(type_id),
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transaction_date TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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amount DECIMAL(15,2) NOT NULL CHECK (amount > 0),
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currency CHAR(3) DEFAULT 'USD',
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merchant_id BIGINT REFERENCES merchants(merchant_id),
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card_id BIGINT REFERENCES cards(card_id),
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device_id BIGINT REFERENCES devices(device_id),
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ip_address INET,
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country_id INT REFERENCES countries(country_id),
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city VARCHAR(100),
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latitude DECIMAL(10,8),
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longitude DECIMAL(11,8),
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description TEXT,
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reference_number VARCHAR(50) UNIQUE,
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status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'COMPLETED' CHECK (status IN ('PENDING', 'COMPLETED', 'FAILED', 'REVERSED', 'FLAGGED', 'BLOCKED')),
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is_online BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
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is_international BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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is_card_present BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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fraud_score DECIMAL(5,2) DEFAULT 0.00 CHECK (fraud_score BETWEEN 0 AND 100),
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is_flagged BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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flagged_reason TEXT,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- Beneficiaries (for transfers)
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CREATE TABLE beneficiaries (
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beneficiary_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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customer_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES customers(customer_id),
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beneficiary_name VARCHAR(255) NOT NULL,
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account_number VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL,
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bank_name VARCHAR(255),
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bank_code VARCHAR(20),
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country_id INT NOT NULL REFERENCES countries(country_id),
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relationship VARCHAR(50),
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is_verified BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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added_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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last_used TIMESTAMP,
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total_transfers INT DEFAULT 0,
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total_amount DECIMAL(18,2) DEFAULT 0.00,
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is_active BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- Transfer transactions
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CREATE TABLE transfers (
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transfer_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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transaction_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES transactions(transaction_id),
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from_account_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES accounts(account_id),
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to_account_id BIGINT REFERENCES accounts(account_id), -- NULL for external transfers
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beneficiary_id BIGINT REFERENCES beneficiaries(beneficiary_id),
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transfer_type VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL CHECK (transfer_type IN ('INTERNAL', 'DOMESTIC', 'INTERNATIONAL', 'WIRE')),
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purpose VARCHAR(255),
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is_recurring BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- ============================================================================
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-- FRAUD DETECTION & ALERTS DOMAIN
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-- ============================================================================
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-- Alerts table (system-generated suspicious activity alerts)
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CREATE TABLE alerts (
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alert_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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transaction_id BIGINT REFERENCES transactions(transaction_id),
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customer_id BIGINT REFERENCES customers(customer_id),
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account_id BIGINT REFERENCES accounts(account_id),
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alert_type VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL CHECK (alert_type IN (
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'VELOCITY_CHECK', 'AMOUNT_ANOMALY', 'GEOGRAPHIC_ANOMALY',
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'MERCHANT_RISK', 'DEVICE_CHANGE', 'UNUSUAL_TIME',
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'MULTIPLE_CARDS', 'ACCOUNT_TAKEOVER', 'MONEY_MULE', 'STRUCTURING'
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)),
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severity VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'MEDIUM' CHECK (severity IN ('LOW', 'MEDIUM', 'HIGH', 'CRITICAL')),
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alert_date TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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description TEXT NOT NULL,
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risk_score DECIMAL(5,2) DEFAULT 50.00 CHECK (risk_score BETWEEN 0 AND 100),
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status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'OPEN' CHECK (status IN ('OPEN', 'INVESTIGATING', 'CLOSED', 'FALSE_POSITIVE', 'CONFIRMED_FRAUD')),
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assigned_to VARCHAR(100),
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reviewed_date TIMESTAMP,
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resolution_notes TEXT,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- Fraud cases (confirmed fraud incidents)
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CREATE TABLE fraud_cases (
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case_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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case_number VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
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customer_id BIGINT REFERENCES customers(customer_id),
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account_id BIGINT REFERENCES accounts(account_id),
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fraud_type_id INT NOT NULL REFERENCES fraud_types(fraud_type_id),
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detection_date TIMESTAMP NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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detection_method VARCHAR(50) CHECK (detection_method IN ('AUTOMATED', 'CUSTOMER_REPORT', 'MANUAL_REVIEW', 'THIRD_PARTY')),
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amount_lost DECIMAL(15,2) DEFAULT 0.00,
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amount_recovered DECIMAL(15,2) DEFAULT 0.00,
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status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'OPEN' CHECK (status IN ('OPEN', 'INVESTIGATING', 'RESOLVED', 'CLOSED', 'LEGAL_ACTION')),
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priority VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'MEDIUM' CHECK (priority IN ('LOW', 'MEDIUM', 'HIGH', 'CRITICAL')),
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assigned_investigator VARCHAR(100),
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investigation_notes TEXT,
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resolution_date TIMESTAMP,
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resolution_summary TEXT,
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law_enforcement_notified BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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customer_notified BOOLEAN DEFAULT FALSE,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- Case transactions (linking transactions to fraud cases)
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CREATE TABLE case_transactions (
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case_transaction_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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case_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES fraud_cases(case_id),
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transaction_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES transactions(transaction_id),
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is_fraudulent BOOLEAN DEFAULT TRUE,
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notes TEXT,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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CONSTRAINT unique_case_transaction UNIQUE (case_id, transaction_id)
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);
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-- Case alerts (linking alerts to fraud cases)
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CREATE TABLE case_alerts (
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case_alert_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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case_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES fraud_cases(case_id),
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alert_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES alerts(alert_id),
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relevance_score DECIMAL(5,2) DEFAULT 50.00,
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notes TEXT,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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CONSTRAINT unique_case_alert UNIQUE (case_id, alert_id)
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);
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-- ============================================================================
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-- AUDIT & COMPLIANCE DOMAIN
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-- ============================================================================
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-- Audit log (comprehensive audit trail)
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CREATE TABLE audit_log (
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audit_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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table_name VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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record_id BIGINT NOT NULL,
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action VARCHAR(20) NOT NULL CHECK (action IN ('INSERT', 'UPDATE', 'DELETE', 'SELECT')),
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old_values JSONB,
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new_values JSONB,
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changed_by VARCHAR(100),
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changed_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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ip_address INET,
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user_agent TEXT
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);
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-- Suspicious Activity Reports (SAR)
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CREATE TABLE suspicious_activity_reports (
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sar_id BIGSERIAL PRIMARY KEY,
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sar_number VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL UNIQUE,
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case_id BIGINT REFERENCES fraud_cases(case_id),
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customer_id BIGINT NOT NULL REFERENCES customers(customer_id),
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filing_date DATE NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_DATE,
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activity_date_from DATE NOT NULL,
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activity_date_to DATE NOT NULL,
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total_amount DECIMAL(18,2) NOT NULL,
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activity_description TEXT NOT NULL,
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filed_by VARCHAR(100) NOT NULL,
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status VARCHAR(20) DEFAULT 'DRAFT' CHECK (status IN ('DRAFT', 'SUBMITTED', 'ACKNOWLEDGED', 'CLOSED')),
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submission_date DATE,
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acknowledgment_date DATE,
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created_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP,
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updated_at TIMESTAMP DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP
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);
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-- ============================================================================
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-- INDEXES FOR PERFORMANCE
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-- ============================================================================
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-- Customer indexes
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CREATE INDEX idx_customers_email ON customers(email);
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CREATE INDEX idx_customers_country ON customers(country_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_customers_risk_score ON customers(risk_score DESC);
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CREATE INDEX idx_customers_registration_date ON customers(registration_date);
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-- Account indexes
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CREATE INDEX idx_accounts_customer ON accounts(customer_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_accounts_status ON accounts(status);
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CREATE INDEX idx_accounts_type ON accounts(account_type);
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-- Transaction indexes (critical for performance)
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CREATE INDEX idx_transactions_account ON transactions(account_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_transactions_date ON transactions(transaction_date DESC);
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CREATE INDEX idx_transactions_merchant ON transactions(merchant_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_transactions_status ON transactions(status);
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CREATE INDEX idx_transactions_flagged ON transactions(is_flagged) WHERE is_flagged = TRUE;
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CREATE INDEX idx_transactions_fraud_score ON transactions(fraud_score DESC);
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CREATE INDEX idx_transactions_amount ON transactions(amount);
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CREATE INDEX idx_transactions_country ON transactions(country_id);
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-- Card indexes
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CREATE INDEX idx_cards_account ON cards(account_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_cards_status ON cards(status);
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-- Alert indexes
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CREATE INDEX idx_alerts_customer ON alerts(customer_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_alerts_transaction ON alerts(transaction_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_alerts_status ON alerts(status);
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CREATE INDEX idx_alerts_date ON alerts(alert_date DESC);
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CREATE INDEX idx_alerts_severity ON alerts(severity);
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-- Fraud case indexes
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CREATE INDEX idx_fraud_cases_customer ON fraud_cases(customer_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_fraud_cases_status ON fraud_cases(status);
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CREATE INDEX idx_fraud_cases_detection_date ON fraud_cases(detection_date DESC);
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-- Login session indexes
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CREATE INDEX idx_login_sessions_customer ON login_sessions(customer_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_login_sessions_timestamp ON login_sessions(login_timestamp DESC);
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CREATE INDEX idx_login_sessions_ip ON login_sessions(ip_address);
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-- Merchant indexes
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CREATE INDEX idx_merchants_category ON merchants(category_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_merchants_country ON merchants(country_id);
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CREATE INDEX idx_merchants_risk_rating ON merchants(risk_rating);
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-- Comments for documentation
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COMMENT ON TABLE customers IS 'Customer master data with KYC and risk information';
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COMMENT ON TABLE accounts IS 'Customer accounts including checking, savings, credit, etc.';
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COMMENT ON TABLE transactions IS 'Main transaction log with fraud scoring';
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COMMENT ON TABLE alerts IS 'System-generated fraud alerts requiring review';
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COMMENT ON TABLE fraud_cases IS 'Confirmed fraud cases under investigation';
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COMMENT ON TABLE merchants IS 'Merchant directory with risk ratings';
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COMMENT ON TABLE cards IS 'Payment cards linked to accounts';
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COMMENT ON TABLE devices IS 'Device fingerprints for fraud detection';
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COMMENT ON TABLE login_sessions IS 'Login history for account takeover detection';
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